{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=21","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=20","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=22","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3959"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":21,"next_page":22,"prev_page":20,"total_pages":3959,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":200,"total_count":39582,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"text":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records","2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)","Box 89","Folder 23"],"title_filing_ssi":"2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)","title_ssm":["2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)"],"title_tesim":["2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1910-1957"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/1957"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2nd Avenue (prints, photos of buildings and people in Hinton)"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2599,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"containers_ssim":["Box 89","Folder 23"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2598","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:42:57.896Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5374.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/204651","title_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"title_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1870-2020s and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1870-2020s and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374"],"text":["A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374","Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records","Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)","Genealogies.","Schools","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. ","Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the  Hinton Daily News  (later the  Hinton News ). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","Records about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.","Genealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.","Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.","Geographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.","Summers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.","War-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:","Photographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.","For genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).","The Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026O.","Clippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.","Addendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.","\nAddendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128.  This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.","Addendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.","Addendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Addendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.","Addendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.","Addendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.","Hinton News, The Register-Herald, The Post-Report, The Monroe Watchman","\"People, Places, and Things\" column and article on Pipestem public water system.","Several issues of column entitled \"Anecdotes in Summers County,\" mostly discussing Hinton in the late 19th century.","Includes photocopy of book by Lively entitled \"Historical Summers County.\" Also includes clippings and drafts of articles relating to Summers County history.","One page article by Stephen Trail.","Includes two articles: \"The Battle at Rich Mountain\" by Kenneth L. Carvell, and \"The Kanawha Rebel Victory\" by Terry Lowry.","Includes articles on Civil War letters by Jeff Gammage and Fred Long, as well as four transcpritions of Civil War soldier letters copied by Fred Long.","Includes articles from several newspapers, including the Hinton Daily News, and magazines pertaining to Elvis, specifically his death and continuing legacy.","Includes one article entitled \"A History of Monroe County West Virginia\" by Oren F. Morton discussing the construction of Cook's Fort.","Two articles from the Hinton Daily News and one article in Wonderful West Virginia (August 1975).","Includes an article on the genealogy of the Keeney family, a photocopied map of western Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina from 1778, and a list of names taken from the Blaken Mill Road Cemetery in Alderson.","Includes entry from \"West Virginians in the Revolution\" on John and Peter Van Bibber, information on Samuel Gwinn, one page of notes from \"Pioneers and their Homes on Upper Kanawha,\" and two selections from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia.\"","Photocopy of article by Roy Bird Cook entitled \"Virginia Frontier Defenses, 1719-1795\" publixhed in the West Virginia Blue Book, 1936.","Includes a pamphlet for \"Hatfields and MacCoys\" outdoor drama, a booklet titled \"The True Facts About the Famous Hatfield-McCoy Feud,\" and a newspaper clipping featuring a photo of a statue of Devil Anse Hatfield.","Two-page advertisement for the Hinton Daily News, including history of the paper, distribution information, and a list of distributors.","Includes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes 1970 student handbook and board meeting minutes.","Includes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes issues of the Dart, board meeting minutes, a list of the numbers of white, female students per school year (1880-1910), and a copy of the original deed for the school.","Includes photographs and newspaper clippings relating to Hinton High School.","Includes articles on the Hinton National Historic District, a booklet entitled \"Historic Hinton: Ready for the Future,\" and a folder of materials labeled \"Scenic Summers County in souther West Virginia.\"","Includes photocopies of photographs used as part of the Hinton Historic District Survey in 1983.","Includes mostly columns relating Hinton history. Also includes stories on the flood of 1940, John Henry, a train wreck in 1976, and other topics.","Includes three articles from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia\" and an unidentified book on Pocahontas County discussing early Native American trails and trade networks.","Includes two articles (one by Fred Long) about \"Mad Anne\" Bailey, a woman soldier and Indian fighter during Lord Dunmore's War and the American War for Independence in Western Virginia.","Includes: Gray's New Map of Hinton (1876, reprint); map of summers county (1933, reprint); Washington's Cahin of Forts (undated, copied from a book); Archaeological Survey of New River Bluestone Reservoir (undated); Botetourt County, Virginia (1778, reprint); \"The Springs of Virginia and the Routes leading thereto\" (undated, reprint); Map of Hill Crest Cemetery (undated); Map of Section One of East Hill Cemetery (undated).","Includes: General Highway Map Augusta County (1973); Augusta County Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (1963); Map of the Giles, Fayette and Kanawha Turnpike (1840, reprint); Map of Greenbrier County, W. Va. (1887, reprint); West Virginia Official Highway Map (ca. 1980); Map of Alleghany County Virginia (undated, reprint); Map of Augusta County Virginia (1886, reprint); \"The Theatre of War in North America, with the Roads and a Table of the Distances\" (1776, reprint); The Town of Staunton (1749, reprint); Augusta County (1777, reprint); Welcome to Lewisburg (ca. 1975); Lewisburg, W. Va. Historic Walking Tour (undated); Staunton Virginia (ca. 1960); Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia (1978); Carte de la Virginie et du Maryland (1755, reprint).","Includes notes on the First Christian Church of Hinton, black and white engravings of Hinton scenes, two historic West Virginia postcards, and an article on a large rock carved in 1814 in Beckley, W. Va., among other items.","Includes articles of incorporation and bylaws for The Pipestem Foundation, Inc., a map and brochure for the park, a newspaper article about the Old Time Mountain Music Festival, and a pamphlet by Earl L. Core discussing the history of the pipestem name and plant.","Includes a letter and photocopies of historical material sent to Fred Long relating to W.F. Echols, a C\u0026O railroad conductor in Huntington during the early 1900s.","Includes one photocopy of \"A Brief History of the Red Sulphur Springs, Monroe County, West Virginia, 1987\" by John W. Dumont.","Includes one copy of an official report addressing a train collision that occurred near Vaughn, Mississippi on April 30, 1900 involving Engineer J.L. (Casey) Jones. This incident later became a folk legend and was the subject of a popular ballad.","Subjects of photos include Hinton High School, John Henry statue, aerial images of Hinton and surrounding areas, unidentified construction photos, First National Bank, Bluestone Dam, Chessie Steam Special, a Hinton parade, the Bluestone Conference Center, Aunt Jane Williams, Low Gap Methodist Church, and a turn-of-the-century a group of men playing pool, among other subjects. Many of the photos are not identified or dated. Some are reprints.","Subjects of photos include Bluestone Dam, the James Graham House, Coney Island (Hinton), Bank of Alderson, Fred Long and wife, Cooper's Mill, and two turn-of-the-century school group photos.","Subjects of photos include Summers County Court House, City of Hinton Fire Department, the James Graham House, Swift and Company, James T. McCreery, the Hinton Hospital, New River, Roses Drug Store (Hinton), Green Sulphur Springs, Confederate monument, Hotel McCreery, Hill Top Cemetery, and Greenbrier School, among other subjects. All photos are reprints and many are unidentified.","One photo of Margaret C. Pennington, mother of Cynthia Pennington, at the Pearl Trail farm in Judson.","Includes six VHS tapes: \nTV News \nTree Work City \nHinton Streetscape \nSteve Trail, TV News, BOE Meeting \nTV News \nReed Ceremony, Nov. 27, '85; Street Lighting Ceremony, Nov. 21, '86","Documents regarding economic development program for Hinton.","Election campaign letter.","Letter regarding loan of two photographs.","Includes a business card and a thank you note for materials loaned by Trail.","List of photos.","One letter from Stephen Trail to Robert Maslowski, US Army Corps of Engineers.","Material regarding 2016 Democratic Convention in Philadelphia; includes membership card, delegate ticket, etc.","Assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.","Separated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:","  DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)","  Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:","  Bragg, Melody.  Thurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge . Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.","  Daly, Dorothy.  The Dart, 1926, Volume VII . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.","Directory of Hinton, West Virginia . 1927.","  Enoch, Harry G.  Affair at Captina Creek . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Foster, Elizabeth Carroll.  Virginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Glen Jean Historical Society.  Dunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories . Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.","  Grafton, Emily.  West Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park . Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.","  Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth.  School Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  Hatcher, Charles Silas.  Historical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families . Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.","History of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  Keller, Barbara, editor.  Summers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book . Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.","  Keller, Robert, editor.  Senior \"34\" . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.","  Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors.  Hinton City Directory . White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.","  Lilly, Jack.  Historical Genealogy of the Lilly Family . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.","  Lilly, Jack.  Lilly Family History, 1566-1997 . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.","  Lilly, Jack.  Our Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.","  Long, Fred and Steve Trail.  Historic Pence Springs Resort . 1987.","  Marockie, Henry R.  School Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition . Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.","  McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson.  Frontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations . Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  McNeer, Sally Withrow.  Echoes of Summers . Undated.","  Miller, Hurley.  Once in a Lifetime . Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.","  Myers, Tom E.  Moccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758 . Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.","  Pemberton, Robert L.  A History of Pleasants County, West Virginia . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler.  Conrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow . Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.","  Roles, Joe B.  Mary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story . Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.","  Scott, Eugene.  Thurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City . Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.","  Senior Class of Hinton High School.  The Senior Handbook; 1935 . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.","  Shuff, Murray.  Stone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938 . Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.","  Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center.  Thurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","  Stewart, Kathleen.  A Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.","  Sullivan, Ken.  Thurmond: A New River Community . Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.","  Taylor, Sharon.  The Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America . Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.","  Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc.  Bluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999 . Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.","  United States. National Park Service.  Denver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","  United States. National Park Service.  Land Protection Plan: New River Gorge . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.","  Wardell, Patrick G., compiler.  Virginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.","  Wilson, Goodridge.  Smyth County History and Traditions . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","  Separated to closed collections:","  Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.","Hinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center.  Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the  Hinton Daily News  (later the  Hinton News ). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company","Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"collection_ssim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creator_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creators_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"places_ssim":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogies.","Schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogies.","Schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["117.02 Linear Feet 29 document case, 5 in. each; 20 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 78 record cartons, 15 in. each; 3 small flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 1 small flat storage box, 3 in.; 4 large flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 card file box, 4.5 in.; 1 square roll tube, 3 in.; 1 square roll tube, 4 in.; 1 oversize folder, 2 in.; 1 framed item, 0.25 in.; 1 oversize photograph","38.2 Gigabytes 14,700 files, formats primarily include .tif, .jpg, .doc"],"extent_tesim":["117.02 Linear Feet 29 document case, 5 in. each; 20 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 78 record cartons, 15 in. each; 3 small flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 1 small flat storage box, 3 in.; 4 large flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 card file box, 4.5 in.; 1 square roll tube, 3 in.; 1 square roll tube, 4 in.; 1 oversize folder, 2 in.; 1 framed item, 0.25 in.; 1 oversize photograph","38.2 Gigabytes 14,700 files, formats primarily include .tif, .jpg, .doc"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, A\u0026amp;M 3762, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, A\u0026M 3762, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e (later the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton News\u003c/emph\u003e). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWar-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026amp;O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026amp;O.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAddendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128.  This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHinton News, The Register-Herald, The Post-Report, The Monroe Watchman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"People, Places, and Things\" column and article on Pipestem public water system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral issues of column entitled \"Anecdotes in Summers County,\" mostly discussing Hinton in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photocopy of book by Lively entitled \"Historical Summers County.\" Also includes clippings and drafts of articles relating to Summers County history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page article by Stephen Trail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two articles: \"The Battle at Rich Mountain\" by Kenneth L. Carvell, and \"The Kanawha Rebel Victory\" by Terry Lowry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes articles on Civil War letters by Jeff Gammage and Fred Long, as well as four transcpritions of Civil War soldier letters copied by Fred Long.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes articles from several newspapers, including the Hinton Daily News, and magazines pertaining to Elvis, specifically his death and continuing legacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes one article entitled \"A History of Monroe County West Virginia\" by Oren F. Morton discussing the construction of Cook's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo articles from the Hinton Daily News and one article in Wonderful West Virginia (August 1975).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes an article on the genealogy of the Keeney family, a photocopied map of western Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina from 1778, and a list of names taken from the Blaken Mill Road Cemetery in Alderson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes entry from \"West Virginians in the Revolution\" on John and Peter Van Bibber, information on Samuel Gwinn, one page of notes from \"Pioneers and their Homes on Upper Kanawha,\" and two selections from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopy of article by Roy Bird Cook entitled \"Virginia Frontier Defenses, 1719-1795\" publixhed in the West Virginia Blue Book, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a pamphlet for \"Hatfields and MacCoys\" outdoor drama, a booklet titled \"The True Facts About the Famous Hatfield-McCoy Feud,\" and a newspaper clipping featuring a photo of a statue of Devil Anse Hatfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-page advertisement for the Hinton Daily News, including history of the paper, distribution information, and a list of distributors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes 1970 student handbook and board meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes issues of the Dart, board meeting minutes, a list of the numbers of white, female students per school year (1880-1910), and a copy of the original deed for the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photographs and newspaper clippings relating to Hinton High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes articles on the Hinton National Historic District, a booklet entitled \"Historic Hinton: Ready for the Future,\" and a folder of materials labeled \"Scenic Summers County in souther West Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photocopies of photographs used as part of the Hinton Historic District Survey in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes mostly columns relating Hinton history. Also includes stories on the flood of 1940, John Henry, a train wreck in 1976, and other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes three articles from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia\" and an unidentified book on Pocahontas County discussing early Native American trails and trade networks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two articles (one by Fred Long) about \"Mad Anne\" Bailey, a woman soldier and Indian fighter during Lord Dunmore's War and the American War for Independence in Western Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Gray's New Map of Hinton (1876, reprint); map of summers county (1933, reprint); Washington's Cahin of Forts (undated, copied from a book); Archaeological Survey of New River Bluestone Reservoir (undated); Botetourt County, Virginia (1778, reprint); \"The Springs of Virginia and the Routes leading thereto\" (undated, reprint); Map of Hill Crest Cemetery (undated); Map of Section One of East Hill Cemetery (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: General Highway Map Augusta County (1973); Augusta County Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (1963); Map of the Giles, Fayette and Kanawha Turnpike (1840, reprint); Map of Greenbrier County, W. Va. (1887, reprint); West Virginia Official Highway Map (ca. 1980); Map of Alleghany County Virginia (undated, reprint); Map of Augusta County Virginia (1886, reprint); \"The Theatre of War in North America, with the Roads and a Table of the Distances\" (1776, reprint); The Town of Staunton (1749, reprint); Augusta County (1777, reprint); Welcome to Lewisburg (ca. 1975); Lewisburg, W. Va. Historic Walking Tour (undated); Staunton Virginia (ca. 1960); Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia (1978); Carte de la Virginie et du Maryland (1755, reprint).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes notes on the First Christian Church of Hinton, black and white engravings of Hinton scenes, two historic West Virginia postcards, and an article on a large rock carved in 1814 in Beckley, W. Va., among other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes articles of incorporation and bylaws for The Pipestem Foundation, Inc., a map and brochure for the park, a newspaper article about the Old Time Mountain Music Festival, and a pamphlet by Earl L. Core discussing the history of the pipestem name and plant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter and photocopies of historical material sent to Fred Long relating to W.F. Echols, a C\u0026amp;O railroad conductor in Huntington during the early 1900s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes one photocopy of \"A Brief History of the Red Sulphur Springs, Monroe County, West Virginia, 1987\" by John W. Dumont.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes one copy of an official report addressing a train collision that occurred near Vaughn, Mississippi on April 30, 1900 involving Engineer J.L. (Casey) Jones. This incident later became a folk legend and was the subject of a popular ballad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects of photos include Hinton High School, John Henry statue, aerial images of Hinton and surrounding areas, unidentified construction photos, First National Bank, Bluestone Dam, Chessie Steam Special, a Hinton parade, the Bluestone Conference Center, Aunt Jane Williams, Low Gap Methodist Church, and a turn-of-the-century a group of men playing pool, among other subjects. Many of the photos are not identified or dated. Some are reprints.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects of photos include Bluestone Dam, the James Graham House, Coney Island (Hinton), Bank of Alderson, Fred Long and wife, Cooper's Mill, and two turn-of-the-century school group photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects of photos include Summers County Court House, City of Hinton Fire Department, the James Graham House, Swift and Company, James T. McCreery, the Hinton Hospital, New River, Roses Drug Store (Hinton), Green Sulphur Springs, Confederate monument, Hotel McCreery, Hill Top Cemetery, and Greenbrier School, among other subjects. All photos are reprints and many are unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne photo of Margaret C. Pennington, mother of Cynthia Pennington, at the Pearl Trail farm in Judson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes six VHS tapes:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nTV News\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nTree Work City\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHinton Streetscape\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSteve Trail, TV News, BOE Meeting\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nTV News\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nReed Ceremony, Nov. 27, '85; Street Lighting Ceremony, Nov. 21, '86\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding economic development program for Hinton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElection campaign letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regarding loan of two photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a business card and a thank you note for materials loaned by Trail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter from Stephen Trail to Robert Maslowski, US Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial regarding 2016 Democratic Convention in Philadelphia; includes membership card, delegate ticket, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the  Hinton Daily News  (later the  Hinton News ). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","Records about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.","Genealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.","Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.","Geographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.","Summers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.","War-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:","Photographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.","For genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).","The Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026O.","Clippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.","Addendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.","\nAddendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128.  This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.","Addendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.","Addendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Addendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.","Addendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.","Addendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.","Hinton News, The Register-Herald, The Post-Report, The Monroe Watchman","\"People, Places, and Things\" column and article on Pipestem public water system.","Several issues of column entitled \"Anecdotes in Summers County,\" mostly discussing Hinton in the late 19th century.","Includes photocopy of book by Lively entitled \"Historical Summers County.\" Also includes clippings and drafts of articles relating to Summers County history.","One page article by Stephen Trail.","Includes two articles: \"The Battle at Rich Mountain\" by Kenneth L. Carvell, and \"The Kanawha Rebel Victory\" by Terry Lowry.","Includes articles on Civil War letters by Jeff Gammage and Fred Long, as well as four transcpritions of Civil War soldier letters copied by Fred Long.","Includes articles from several newspapers, including the Hinton Daily News, and magazines pertaining to Elvis, specifically his death and continuing legacy.","Includes one article entitled \"A History of Monroe County West Virginia\" by Oren F. Morton discussing the construction of Cook's Fort.","Two articles from the Hinton Daily News and one article in Wonderful West Virginia (August 1975).","Includes an article on the genealogy of the Keeney family, a photocopied map of western Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina from 1778, and a list of names taken from the Blaken Mill Road Cemetery in Alderson.","Includes entry from \"West Virginians in the Revolution\" on John and Peter Van Bibber, information on Samuel Gwinn, one page of notes from \"Pioneers and their Homes on Upper Kanawha,\" and two selections from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia.\"","Photocopy of article by Roy Bird Cook entitled \"Virginia Frontier Defenses, 1719-1795\" publixhed in the West Virginia Blue Book, 1936.","Includes a pamphlet for \"Hatfields and MacCoys\" outdoor drama, a booklet titled \"The True Facts About the Famous Hatfield-McCoy Feud,\" and a newspaper clipping featuring a photo of a statue of Devil Anse Hatfield.","Two-page advertisement for the Hinton Daily News, including history of the paper, distribution information, and a list of distributors.","Includes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes 1970 student handbook and board meeting minutes.","Includes copies of photographs and newspaper clippings about the school from its founding in 1896 onward. Articles report school's founding, fire at the school, and changes in superintendent, among other topics. Also includes issues of the Dart, board meeting minutes, a list of the numbers of white, female students per school year (1880-1910), and a copy of the original deed for the school.","Includes photographs and newspaper clippings relating to Hinton High School.","Includes articles on the Hinton National Historic District, a booklet entitled \"Historic Hinton: Ready for the Future,\" and a folder of materials labeled \"Scenic Summers County in souther West Virginia.\"","Includes photocopies of photographs used as part of the Hinton Historic District Survey in 1983.","Includes mostly columns relating Hinton history. Also includes stories on the flood of 1940, John Henry, a train wreck in 1976, and other topics.","Includes three articles from the \"West Virginia Heritage Encyclopedia\" and an unidentified book on Pocahontas County discussing early Native American trails and trade networks.","Includes two articles (one by Fred Long) about \"Mad Anne\" Bailey, a woman soldier and Indian fighter during Lord Dunmore's War and the American War for Independence in Western Virginia.","Includes: Gray's New Map of Hinton (1876, reprint); map of summers county (1933, reprint); Washington's Cahin of Forts (undated, copied from a book); Archaeological Survey of New River Bluestone Reservoir (undated); Botetourt County, Virginia (1778, reprint); \"The Springs of Virginia and the Routes leading thereto\" (undated, reprint); Map of Hill Crest Cemetery (undated); Map of Section One of East Hill Cemetery (undated).","Includes: General Highway Map Augusta County (1973); Augusta County Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (1963); Map of the Giles, Fayette and Kanawha Turnpike (1840, reprint); Map of Greenbrier County, W. Va. (1887, reprint); West Virginia Official Highway Map (ca. 1980); Map of Alleghany County Virginia (undated, reprint); Map of Augusta County Virginia (1886, reprint); \"The Theatre of War in North America, with the Roads and a Table of the Distances\" (1776, reprint); The Town of Staunton (1749, reprint); Augusta County (1777, reprint); Welcome to Lewisburg (ca. 1975); Lewisburg, W. Va. Historic Walking Tour (undated); Staunton Virginia (ca. 1960); Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia (1978); Carte de la Virginie et du Maryland (1755, reprint).","Includes notes on the First Christian Church of Hinton, black and white engravings of Hinton scenes, two historic West Virginia postcards, and an article on a large rock carved in 1814 in Beckley, W. Va., among other items.","Includes articles of incorporation and bylaws for The Pipestem Foundation, Inc., a map and brochure for the park, a newspaper article about the Old Time Mountain Music Festival, and a pamphlet by Earl L. Core discussing the history of the pipestem name and plant.","Includes a letter and photocopies of historical material sent to Fred Long relating to W.F. Echols, a C\u0026O railroad conductor in Huntington during the early 1900s.","Includes one photocopy of \"A Brief History of the Red Sulphur Springs, Monroe County, West Virginia, 1987\" by John W. Dumont.","Includes one copy of an official report addressing a train collision that occurred near Vaughn, Mississippi on April 30, 1900 involving Engineer J.L. (Casey) Jones. This incident later became a folk legend and was the subject of a popular ballad.","Subjects of photos include Hinton High School, John Henry statue, aerial images of Hinton and surrounding areas, unidentified construction photos, First National Bank, Bluestone Dam, Chessie Steam Special, a Hinton parade, the Bluestone Conference Center, Aunt Jane Williams, Low Gap Methodist Church, and a turn-of-the-century a group of men playing pool, among other subjects. Many of the photos are not identified or dated. Some are reprints.","Subjects of photos include Bluestone Dam, the James Graham House, Coney Island (Hinton), Bank of Alderson, Fred Long and wife, Cooper's Mill, and two turn-of-the-century school group photos.","Subjects of photos include Summers County Court House, City of Hinton Fire Department, the James Graham House, Swift and Company, James T. McCreery, the Hinton Hospital, New River, Roses Drug Store (Hinton), Green Sulphur Springs, Confederate monument, Hotel McCreery, Hill Top Cemetery, and Greenbrier School, among other subjects. All photos are reprints and many are unidentified.","One photo of Margaret C. Pennington, mother of Cynthia Pennington, at the Pearl Trail farm in Judson.","Includes six VHS tapes: \nTV News \nTree Work City \nHinton Streetscape \nSteve Trail, TV News, BOE Meeting \nTV News \nReed Ceremony, Nov. 27, '85; Street Lighting Ceremony, Nov. 21, '86","Documents regarding economic development program for Hinton.","Election campaign letter.","Letter regarding loan of two photographs.","Includes a business card and a thank you note for materials loaned by Trail.","List of photos.","One letter from Stephen Trail to Robert Maslowski, US Army Corps of Engineers.","Material regarding 2016 Democratic Convention in Philadelphia; includes membership card, delegate ticket, etc.","Assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Bragg, Melody. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge\u003c/title\u003e. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Daly, Dorothy. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Dart, 1926, Volume VII\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory of Hinton, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1927.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Enoch, Harry G. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAffair at Captina Creek\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Foster, Elizabeth Carroll. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Glen Jean Historical Society. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories\u003c/title\u003e. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Grafton, Emily. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park\u003c/title\u003e. Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSchool Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Hatcher, Charles Silas. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families\u003c/title\u003e. Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Keller, Barbara, editor. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSummers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Keller, Robert, editor. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSenior \"34\"\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton City Directory\u003c/title\u003e. White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Genealogy of the Lilly Family\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLilly Family History, 1566-1997\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Long, Fred and Steve Trail. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Pence Springs Resort\u003c/title\u003e. 1987.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Marockie, Henry R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSchool Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition\u003c/title\u003e. Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFrontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  McNeer, Sally Withrow. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of Summers\u003c/title\u003e. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Miller, Hurley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOnce in a Lifetime\u003c/title\u003e. Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Myers, Tom E. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMoccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758\u003c/title\u003e. Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Pemberton, Robert L. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Pleasants County, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow\u003c/title\u003e. Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Roles, Joe B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story\u003c/title\u003e. Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Scott, Eugene. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Senior Class of Hinton High School. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Senior Handbook; 1935\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Shuff, Murray. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Stewart, Kathleen. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America\u003c/title\u003e. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Sullivan, Ken. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond: A New River Community\u003c/title\u003e. Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Taylor, Sharon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America\u003c/title\u003e. Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  United States. National Park Service. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDenver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  United States. National Park Service. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Protection Plan: New River Gorge\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Wardell, Patrick G., compiler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Wilson, Goodridge. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSmyth County History and Traditions\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Separated to closed collections:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center.  Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:","  DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)","  Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:","  Bragg, Melody.  Thurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge . Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.","  Daly, Dorothy.  The Dart, 1926, Volume VII . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.","Directory of Hinton, West Virginia . 1927.","  Enoch, Harry G.  Affair at Captina Creek . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Foster, Elizabeth Carroll.  Virginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Glen Jean Historical Society.  Dunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories . Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.","  Grafton, Emily.  West Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park . Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.","  Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth.  School Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  Hatcher, Charles Silas.  Historical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families . Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.","History of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  Keller, Barbara, editor.  Summers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book . Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.","  Keller, Robert, editor.  Senior \"34\" . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.","  Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors.  Hinton City Directory . White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.","  Lilly, Jack.  Historical Genealogy of the Lilly Family . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.","  Lilly, Jack.  Lilly Family History, 1566-1997 . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.","  Lilly, Jack.  Our Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II . Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.","  Long, Fred and Steve Trail.  Historic Pence Springs Resort . 1987.","  Marockie, Henry R.  School Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition . Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.","  McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson.  Frontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations . Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  McKey, JoAnn Riley.  Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","  McNeer, Sally Withrow.  Echoes of Summers . Undated.","  Miller, Hurley.  Once in a Lifetime . Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.","  Myers, Tom E.  Moccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758 . Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.","  Pemberton, Robert L.  A History of Pleasants County, West Virginia . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","  Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler.  Conrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow . Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.","  Roles, Joe B.  Mary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story . Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.","  Scott, Eugene.  Thurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City . Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.","  Senior Class of Hinton High School.  The Senior Handbook; 1935 . Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.","  Shuff, Murray.  Stone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938 . Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.","  Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center.  Thurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","  Stewart, Kathleen.  A Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.","  Sullivan, Ken.  Thurmond: A New River Community . Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.","  Taylor, Sharon.  The Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America . Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.","  Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc.  Bluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999 . Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.","  United States. National Park Service.  Denver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","  United States. National Park Service.  Land Protection Plan: New River Gorge . Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.","  Wardell, Patrick G., compiler.  Virginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1 . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.","  Wilson, Goodridge.  Smyth County History and Traditions . Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","  Separated to closed collections:","  Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.","Hinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center.  Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43a428a036329b8d08d80398402053d8\"\u003eRecords and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e (later the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton News\u003c/emph\u003e). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the  Hinton Daily News  (later the  Hinton News ). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93518063762d4bcef4eb8598eb8cce65\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company","Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"persname_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3592,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:42:57.896Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2599"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series IX. Oversized Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series IX. Oversized Materials"],"text":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series IX. Oversized Materials","2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)","box 54","folder 29"],"title_filing_ssi":"2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)","title_ssm":["2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)"],"title_tesim":["2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1952"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2nd Rochester Conference (Right Half of Panoramic View)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. 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","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. 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Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. 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Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives, which maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c09_c29"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters","box 40","folder 64"],"title_filing_ssi":"2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters","title_ssm":["2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters"],"title_tesim":["2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1856-1865, 1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856/1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2nd Va. Cav. - R.W. Parker Letters"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":405,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"containers_ssim":["box 40","folder 64"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#58","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c59"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2nd Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","2nd Virginia Cavalry","box 40","folder 63"],"title_filing_ssi":"2nd Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["2nd Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["2nd Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1913, 1969, 1971, 1979, 1988, 2001-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2nd Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":404,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"containers_ssim":["box 40","folder 63"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#57","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c58"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2nd Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","2nd Virginia Infantry","box 41","folder 22"],"title_filing_ssi":"2nd Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["2nd Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["2nd Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1865, 1893, 1973-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2nd Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":433,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 22"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#86","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c87"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"text":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers","2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments","Box 1","Folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments","title_ssm":["2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments"],"title_tesim":["2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1960"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2 patents, 1 with inventor's amendments"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","Folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:11:19.870Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6338.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199255","title_ssm":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1934-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4279","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6338"],"text":["A\u0026M 4279","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6338","Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers","Inventors and inventions.","Patents","No special access restriction applies.","Papers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material.","Correspondence includes 5 letters from Ann Hastings, patent searcher, and 4 carbons and a draft of Yarger's letters to Hastings; 7 letters from Victor Evans, office of patent attorneys, a draft of letter to Evans from Yarger, a set of recruitment literature from Evans and 2 certificates of invention from Evans; letter from Inventor's League with their resume that Yarger partially completed; record of invention from Patent Service Institute with description and diagram, also with patent research letters from Inventors Patent Exchange with their brochures; letter from Dixie Manufacturing rejecting Yarger's invention; letter from Yarger to Cromwell manufacturing; and 4 drafts of letters from Yarger to store that may sell his invention.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material. See \"Scope and Contents\" note for further detail.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yarger, Milton R.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4279","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6338"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Yarger, Milton R."],"creator_ssim":["Yarger, Milton R."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Yarger, Milton R."],"creators_ssim":["Yarger, Milton R."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Inventors and inventions.","Patents"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Inventors and inventions.","Patents"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet 2 1/2 in. (1 document case)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet 2 1/2 in. (1 document case)"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 4279, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Milton R. Yarger, Inventor, Papers, A\u0026M 4279, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes 5 letters from Ann Hastings, patent searcher, and 4 carbons and a draft of Yarger's letters to Hastings; 7 letters from Victor Evans, office of patent attorneys, a draft of letter to Evans from Yarger, a set of recruitment literature from Evans and 2 certificates of invention from Evans; letter from Inventor's League with their resume that Yarger partially completed; record of invention from Patent Service Institute with description and diagram, also with patent research letters from Inventors Patent Exchange with their brochures; letter from Dixie Manufacturing rejecting Yarger's invention; letter from Yarger to Cromwell manufacturing; and 4 drafts of letters from Yarger to store that may sell his invention.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material.","Correspondence includes 5 letters from Ann Hastings, patent searcher, and 4 carbons and a draft of Yarger's letters to Hastings; 7 letters from Victor Evans, office of patent attorneys, a draft of letter to Evans from Yarger, a set of recruitment literature from Evans and 2 certificates of invention from Evans; letter from Inventor's League with their resume that Yarger partially completed; record of invention from Patent Service Institute with description and diagram, also with patent research letters from Inventors Patent Exchange with their brochures; letter from Dixie Manufacturing rejecting Yarger's invention; letter from Yarger to Cromwell manufacturing; and 4 drafts of letters from Yarger to store that may sell his invention."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_01dadeb3f1c5c50f8fec63f059a81579\"\u003ePapers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material. See \"Scope and Contents\" note for further detail.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of inventor Milton R. Yarger, who lived and worked in Morgantown, West Virginia. Includes copies of Yarger's patents, correspondence, photographs, and documentation of his work (including plans, sketches, development costs), among other material. See \"Scope and Contents\" note for further detail."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_9685aa74337c7362de6f63a4aa9e942b\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yarger, Milton R."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Yarger, Milton R."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:11:19.870Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6338_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"#300 - Rowan, William","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318","#300 - Rowan, William"],"title_filing_ssi":"#300 - Rowan, William","title_ssm":["#300 - Rowan, William"],"title_tesim":["#300 - Rowan, William"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-1952"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929/1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#300 - Rowan, William"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":457,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#21/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eContains signatures of:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUlysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmbrose E. Burnside [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Tyler\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Davis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLevi P. Morton [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Claflin [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDouglas Sladen [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[S. W. Lincoln Jr.?]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrover Cleveland [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRutherford B. Hayes [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn J. Audubon [naturalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBenjamin F. Butler [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWalter Harriman [New Hampshire governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHorace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoseph [W.?] Donahue\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames M. Harvey [Kansas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn Hoffman [New York governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHans von Bulow [pianist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobert W. Chambers [American author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry Huntly Haight [California governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCharles [illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eE. M. Pease [Texas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eH. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Gaston [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry W. Longfellow [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Dean Howells [author][with poem]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMargaret J. Preston [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem] \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMorrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAsa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames Parton [author/biographer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBayard Taylor [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eThomas Hughes [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrank Stockton [author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam R. Marshall [Minnesota governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eW. L. Champney [artist][with drawing]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eP. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes original artwork] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[\"Notes \u0026amp; Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[bound collection of individual checklists]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-crowned night heron\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue Jay\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast bittern\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMeadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePewee [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWoodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlder flaycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmerican coot n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eArkansas goldfinch 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle 1927\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBank swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBarn swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-necked stilt n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBob white n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCalifornia towhee 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClapper rail n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDuck hawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDusky seaside sparrow 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [6 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bald eagle 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bob white n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida meadowlark 1922 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida nighthawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida red-shouldered hawk 1928\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida redwing 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrasshopper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat white heron 1924\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGround dove n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHermit thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird 1902\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaughing gull 1910\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLazuli bunting n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMagnolia warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMyrtle warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eNashville warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNorthern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive-sided flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe 1902 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePrairie warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-billed tropic bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-cockaded woodpecker 1918\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-winged blackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuby-throat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuddy [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRusset-backed thrush 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSage grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSalt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSamuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSand swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScarlet tanager n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eTennessee warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTowhee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVermillion flycatcher 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVesper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern mockingbird 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-throated sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWorm-eating warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanvasback duck 1917\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlicker n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida cormorant n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida jay n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFoster's tern n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGannet n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat blue heron 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreen heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHarlequin ducks n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle blue heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMan o'war bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePelican 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSong sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSpotted sandpiper n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWater ouzel 1905\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhistling swan 1917 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite ibis n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite pelican n.d.[2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWild turkey n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"#303 - Hall, E. Raymond","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#300-318","#303 - Hall, E. Raymond"],"title_filing_ssi":"#303 - Hall, E. Raymond","title_ssm":["#303 - Hall, E. Raymond"],"title_tesim":["#303 - Hall, E. Raymond"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930/1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#303 - Hall, E. Raymond"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":460,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#21/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eContains signatures of:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUlysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmbrose E. Burnside [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Tyler\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Davis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLevi P. Morton [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Claflin [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDouglas Sladen [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[S. W. Lincoln Jr.?]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrover Cleveland [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRutherford B. Hayes [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn J. Audubon [naturalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBenjamin F. Butler [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWalter Harriman [New Hampshire governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHorace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoseph [W.?] Donahue\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames M. Harvey [Kansas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn Hoffman [New York governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHans von Bulow [pianist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobert W. Chambers [American author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry Huntly Haight [California governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCharles [illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eE. M. Pease [Texas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eH. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Gaston [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry W. Longfellow [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Dean Howells [author][with poem]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMargaret J. Preston [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem] \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMorrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAsa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames Parton [author/biographer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBayard Taylor [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eThomas Hughes [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrank Stockton [author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam R. Marshall [Minnesota governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eW. L. Champney [artist][with drawing]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eP. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes original artwork] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[\"Notes \u0026amp; Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[bound collection of individual checklists]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-crowned night heron\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue Jay\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast bittern\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMeadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePewee [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWoodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlder flaycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmerican coot n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eArkansas goldfinch 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle 1927\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBank swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBarn swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-necked stilt n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBob white n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCalifornia towhee 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClapper rail n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDuck hawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDusky seaside sparrow 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [6 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bald eagle 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bob white n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida meadowlark 1922 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida nighthawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida red-shouldered hawk 1928\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida redwing 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrasshopper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat white heron 1924\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGround dove n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHermit thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird 1902\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaughing gull 1910\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLazuli bunting n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMagnolia warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMyrtle warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eNashville warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNorthern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive-sided flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe 1902 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePrairie warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-billed tropic bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-cockaded woodpecker 1918\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-winged blackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuby-throat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuddy [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRusset-backed thrush 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSage grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSalt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSamuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSand swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScarlet tanager n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eTennessee warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTowhee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVermillion flycatcher 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVesper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern mockingbird 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-throated sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWorm-eating warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanvasback duck 1917\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlicker n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida cormorant n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida jay n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFoster's tern n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGannet n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat blue heron 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreen heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHarlequin ducks n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle blue heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMan o'war bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePelican 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSong sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSpotted sandpiper n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWater ouzel 1905\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhistling swan 1917 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite ibis n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite pelican n.d.[2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWild turkey n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c22_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"30th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","30th Virginia Infantry","box 42","folder 12"],"title_filing_ssi":"30th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["30th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["30th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861, 1960"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["30th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":465,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#118","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c119"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Series X. Photographs and Negatives","Scenery"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Series X. Photographs and Negatives","Scenery"],"text":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Series X. Photographs and Negatives","Scenery","310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada","[36 items]","box 6","folder 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada","title_ssm":["310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada"],"title_tesim":["310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1954, n. d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948/1954"],"normalized_title_ssm":["310 Wildwood Park, Fort Garry, Manitoba, Canada"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"physdesc_tesim":["[36 items]"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":199,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#9/components#26","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:07:37.866Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1253.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, Papers","title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1969.004"],"text":["Ms.1969.004","Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.","Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. ","The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.","See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]","A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1969.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creators_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1969, 1970, 1982, 1983, and 1984."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in 11 series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1404.xml\" title=\"Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\"\u003eHerschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFigurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.\u003c/title\u003e Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eUniversity of Michigan\u003c/title\u003e. Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_24a6c7f302c5580122e0766bf08ebe1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f09928add8fce97a5ec536c6c3d1d5c6\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:07:37.866Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253_c10_c10_c27"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":315},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":7635},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce 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