{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=3","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=4","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=359"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":359,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":3586,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Debussey, Adolphus","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCivil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1500.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195779","title_ssm":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"title_tesim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1998","1861-1866, 1870-1871"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1861-1866, 1870-1871"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500"],"text":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500","Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians.","No special access restriction applies.","Civil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862","This series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.","Transcriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.","This series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).","This series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Debussey, Adolphus","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creator_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creators_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet Summary: 5 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.; 1 flat storage box, 3 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet Summary: 5 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.; 1 flat storage box, 3 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters, A\u0026amp;M 3296, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters, A\u0026M 3296, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCivil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Civil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862","This series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.","Transcriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.","This series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).","This series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fd471c215eb274e14eb01d571b5f6aec\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Debussey, Adolphus"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"persname_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":101,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:37:42.996Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1500.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195779","title_ssm":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"title_tesim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1998","1861-1866, 1870-1871"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1861-1866, 1870-1871"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500"],"text":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500","Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians.","No special access restriction applies.","Civil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862","This series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.","Transcriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.","This series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).","This series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Debussey, Adolphus","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3296","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1500"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creator_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"creators_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War -- Cabell County (W. Va.)","Civil War -- Charleston","Civil War - Logan County.","Civil War -- Music and musicians","Civil War - Virginia (U.S.) 4th Volunteer Infantry, Company F.","Civil War battles - Vicksburg.","Logan County - Civil War.","Music and musicians."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet Summary: 5 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.; 1 flat storage box, 3 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet Summary: 5 1/2 in. (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.; 1 flat storage box, 3 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters, A\u0026amp;M 3296, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Adolphus DeBussey, Soldier, Civil War Letters, A\u0026M 3296, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCivil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Civil War correspondence of the DeBussey brothers of Ravenswood, WV. There is a single letter each from John DeBussey and George DeBussey. John DeBussey served in the Confederate Army while George DeBussey served in the 2nd. WV Cavalry. Most of the letters are from Adolphus DeBussey who served in the 4th. WV Infantry as a musician. In his letters Adolphus documents the service of his regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater during the battles of Vicksburg, Mississippi and Chattanooga, Tennessee. There is much mention of fighting and prolonged encampments in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Included are details of an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs, an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge, and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte. The letters also record his experiences during Sherman's march through Georgia. The collection includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Inventory, undated\nSeries 2. Transcripts -- Preservation Copies, undated\nSeries 3. Correspondence, 1861-1871, 1912-1913, 1964, undated\nSeries 4. Ephemera -- Envelopes, 1912–1913\nSeries 5. Transcripts -- Originals, undated\nSeries 6. Article, 1998\nSeries 7. Artifact, ca. 1861-1862","This series includes an item-level inventory of Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes preservation copies of the transcriptions in Series 4. Transcriptions -- Originals. These transcriptions are of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.","This series includes correspondence from Corporal DeBussey, other members of the DeBussey family, and others. Topics include the service of Cpl. DeBussey's regiment in the Kanawha Valley early in the war and in the Western Theater; the battles of Vicksburg, MI and Chattanooga, TN; an 1861 Confederate raid on Burning Springs; an 1861 skirmish at Gauley Bridge; and the 1861 battle of Guyandotte.","Transcriptions of selected letters are available in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes assorted empty envelopes received by Cpl. Adolphus DeBussey.","This series includes transcriptions of assorted letters from Series 3. Correspondence.  Preservation copies of these transcriptions are in Series 2. Transcriptions -- Preservation Copies.","This series includes Item no. 95. An article regarding the DeBussey Collection from the West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter (Vol. 14, No. 1, Fall 1998).","This series includes Corporal Adolphus DeBussey's flute with its case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fd471c215eb274e14eb01d571b5f6aec\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Debussey, Adolphus"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"persname_ssim":["Debussey, Adolphus"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":101,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:37:42.996Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1500"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_734#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Howard, A. E. Dick","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_734#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4. Papers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court. Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings. Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information. Addendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_734#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_734.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/128421","title_ssm":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"title_tesim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734"],"text":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734","A. E. Dick Howard papers","Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs","This addendum is divided in 5 groups: ","Central and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. ","Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. ","US Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) ","Non Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) ","Miscellaneous documents (26-28) ","This addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1.","Professor Howard writes: ","\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". ","Professor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\"","The following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request.","Processed by Amber","List of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections.","The papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. ","Addendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  ","Addendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","Addendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","Addendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. ","These files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the  McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour  during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.","These papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.","(4 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(f. 1 of 2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","The collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.","This addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","This addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:","Governor Fellows Program ","In 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. ","Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) ","In 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government ","Project on Constitution and Democracy ","These files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) ","ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia ","In 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  ","Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe ","Amicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   ","Miscellaneous UVA Files ","University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","This collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.","Boxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.","Boxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  ","Box 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" ","Boxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).","Boxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.","Boxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).","Box 28 contains Other State of Virginia files","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"collection_ssim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creator_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creators_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"places_ssim":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the archives by Howard in 2012, 2013 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["34.5 Cubic Feet 82 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["34.5 Cubic Feet 82 archival boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addendum is divided in 5 groups: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCentral and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUS Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNon Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous documents (26-28) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This addendum is divided in 5 groups: ","Central and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. ","Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. ","US Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) ","Non Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) ","Miscellaneous documents (26-28) ","This addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProfessor Howard writes: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfessor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Professor Howard writes: ","\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". ","Professor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Amber\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Amber","List of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMcNeil/Lehrer NewsHour\u003c/emph\u003e during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(4 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(f. 1 of 2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor Fellows Program \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProject on Constitution and Democracy \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous UVA Files \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 28 contains Other State of Virginia files\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. ","Addendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  ","Addendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","Addendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","Addendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. ","These files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the  McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour  during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.","These papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.","(4 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(f. 1 of 2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","The collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.","This addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","This addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:","Governor Fellows Program ","In 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. ","Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) ","In 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government ","Project on Constitution and Democracy ","These files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) ","ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia ","In 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  ","Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe ","Amicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   ","Miscellaneous UVA Files ","University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","This collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.","Boxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.","Boxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  ","Box 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" ","Boxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).","Boxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.","Boxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).","Box 28 contains Other State of Virginia files"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 "],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"persname_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1840,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:25:11.137Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_734","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_734.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/128421","title_ssm":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"title_tesim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734"],"text":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734","A. E. Dick Howard papers","Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs","This addendum is divided in 5 groups: ","Central and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. ","Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. ","US Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) ","Non Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) ","Miscellaneous documents (26-28) ","This addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1.","Professor Howard writes: ","\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". ","Professor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\"","The following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request.","Processed by Amber","List of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections.","The papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. ","Addendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  ","Addendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","Addendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","Addendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. ","These files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the  McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour  during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.","These papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.","(4 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(f. 1 of 2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","The collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.","This addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","This addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:","Governor Fellows Program ","In 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. ","Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) ","In 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government ","Project on Constitution and Democracy ","These files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) ","ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia ","In 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  ","Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe ","Amicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   ","Miscellaneous UVA Files ","University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","This collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.","Boxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.","Boxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  ","Box 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" ","Boxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).","Boxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.","Boxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).","Box 28 contains Other State of Virginia files","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2013.01","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/734"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"collection_ssim":["A. E. Dick Howard papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creator_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"creators_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick"],"places_ssim":["Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Europe, Central -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the archives by Howard in 2012, 2013 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judges -- Selection and appointment -- United States","Law  -- Study and teaching","Constitutional law -- Virginia","Constitutional law","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["34.5 Cubic Feet 82 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["34.5 Cubic Feet 82 archival boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addendum is divided in 5 groups: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCentral and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUS Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNon Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous documents (26-28) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This addendum is divided in 5 groups: ","Central and Eastern Europe Files (Boxes 1- 20) comprised of general documents and files titled by nation. ","Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE] Files (Boxes 21 – 22) plus digital documents. ","US Institute for Peace Project (Boxes 21-23) ","Non Eastern European Constitutionalism files (Boxes 24-26) ","Miscellaneous documents (26-28) ","This addendum of one folder was incorporated to MSS 2013-1d, Box 1."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProfessor Howard writes: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfessor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Professor Howard writes: ","\"The events leading up to and following the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the collapse of the Soviet empire in Central and Eastern Europe. Communist regimes in the former communist countries were ousted, free elections took place, and the peoples of the region began the slow and arduous task of trying to lay the foundations for constitutional democracies. Events moved with amazing speed. For example, by the end of 1989, Vaclav Havel, a former dissident, became the first president of post-communist Czechoslovakia. \n \nThe new era brought the making of new constitutions. Drafters looked westward, especially to Western Europe, but also to America.   \n \nMy first invitation came from Hungary. The team charged with drafting a new constitution came to Charlottesville, and I did a series of seminars for them on constitution-making. I drew on my experience here in Virginia, as well as work I had done in other places, such as Hong Kong and the Philippines. These consultations were followed by my being invited to Budapest, where I was the guest of the Hungarian Parliament. \n \nI then had invitations to work with other countries in the region. Sometimes the invitation came from the President's office, as in Czechoslovakia. Sometimes it came from the Parliament, as in Poland. Typically there was American sponsorship, either official (for example, the State Department) or NGO (especially the American Bar Association's Central and Eastern European Law Initiative). Usually I was a member of a team (for example, I worked closely with DC attorney Lloyd Cutler and American University professor Herman Schwartz in Prague). Often there were also consultants from European countries, such as Germany's Helmut Steinberger or France's Robert Badinter). \n \nI took my role throughout to be a modest one. Sometimes I was directly involved in drafting (as in Prague). Other times the work was by way of offering general advice.  I tried to avoid seeming to be a cultural imperialist; that is, I did not try to force the American model on the people of another country.    I tried to sketch out basic principles, ask a lot of questions, and get drafters thinking about options and choices\". ","Professor Howard writes:\n\"… the highlights of these files relate to endowed lectures at major universities (such as the Caroline Robbins Lecture at the University of London), lectureships sponsored by major foundations (such as a British foundation's sponsorship of lectures at major universities in the UK, including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, etc.), my chairmanship of the Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution), my regular appearances at the Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference (at each conference, I organize and moderate a program reviewing the most recent Term of the Supreme Court), and various other programs.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The following documents that have been digitized and are available upon request."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Amber\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Amber","List of taken out printed materials is available ion folder control in Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMcNeil/Lehrer NewsHour\u003c/emph\u003e during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(4 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(f. 1 of 2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor Fellows Program \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProject on Constitution and Democracy \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous UVA Files \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 28 contains Other State of Virginia files\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of A. E. Dick Howard reflect his academic and professional endeavors. The archives have received five installments of papers from Professor Howard, plus an entire collection: The Papers of A. E. Dick Howard for the Virginia Commission for Constitutional Revision, received in 1981, MSS 81-4.\n \nPapers related to the nomination of Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court: these files consist of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.\n \nAddendum [a]: Central and Eastern European New Constitutions: these files relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. ","Addendum [b]: Lectures and Speeches: this collection consists of files related to lectures and speeches given by Professor Howard. The files include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and printed materials .  ","Addendum [c]: consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","Addendum [d]: consist of files about the [Virginia] Governor Fellows Program; Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission); Project on Constitution and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a); ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia;  Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe; Miscellaneous UVA Files related to University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","Addendum [e]: contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers. ","These files consists of some reports and statements in relation to the nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court.  Professor Howard was a commentator on the  McNeil/Lehrer NewsHour  during the confirmation hearings.  Bill O'Brien, a student assistant, helped him to collect all of the information.","These papers relate to Howard's involvement on the writing of new constitutions in Central and Eastern Europe at the collapse of the Soviet Union. The files were processed trying to convey their original organization and consist of correspondence, memoranda, working papers and numerous printed materials. A list of all printed materials taken out have been added to each folder. for researchers to see.","(4 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(f. 1 of 2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(3 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","(2 folders)","The collection consists of 24 archival boxes (9.6 linear ft.). The files maintain their original chronological organization and include correspondence, memoranda, programs, notes, and numerous printed materials.","This addendum consist of campaign materials from the 1970 Referendum on the Constitution of Virginia.","This addendum was given to the University of Virginia School of Law Library in December of 2016.  It consists of 13 boxes (5.5 linear ft.) of professional files divided in 76 subseries:","Governor Fellows Program ","In 1982 Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb, appointed A. E. Dick Howard as counselor to the Governor.  One of his actions was to create the Governor's Fellows Program, a program that invited college students and graduate students to apply to serve for a summer in the Governor's Office.  Each summer 20 or 25 Fellows were assigned to work with members of the Governor's Cabinet or personal staff.  Prof. Howard was in charge of the program from 1982 to 1994. ","Governor's Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, Government Accountability, and Ethics (Ethics Commission) ","In 1992, Governor Douglas Wilder appointed A. E. Dick Howard to chair a commission on government ethics and integrity. The commission had the task of revising campaign finance, conflicts of interest, and standards of ethics in government ","Project on Constitution and Democracy ","These files complement previous documents of Professor Howard's work in Central and Eastern Europe after the collapse of the communism.  The majority of these files were printed materials related to CEE and were added to the library collection or discarded in case of duplication. (Please see: Papers of Professor A. E. Dick Howard re Central and Eastern European new constitutions: MSS 2013 – 1a) ","ERA – Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia ","In 1973 the Virginia General Assembly created the Task Force on the Effect of Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment on the Law of Virginia to advise legislators on how ERA, if adopted, would affect Virginia law.  The Task Force looked at labor and employment, property rights, family law, criminal law and military law. On January 30, 1974 the Task Force reported before a joint meeting of the House and Senate Committees on Privileges and Elections in Richmond. The Virginia General Assembly did not ratify the proposed amendment.  Professor Howard recalls: \"Virginia was the only state in which ERA did not even reach the floor of the state legislature.\"  ","Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe ","Amicus briefs for Miller v. Ayres and Howell v. McAuliffe filed in behalf of the Council for Independent Colleges in Virginia.   ","Miscellaneous UVA Files ","University of Virginia Committee on Virginia Status of University Students (1972) and Law School lists of reading materials for Prof. Howard's classes. ","This collection of 11 boxes (5.3 linear ft.) contains materials that were used to launch a curriculum for a new course on environmental law at the University of Virginia Law School, taught by professors A. E. Dick Howard and Mason Willrich. These papers include correspondence with professors and lawyers at other institutions, research materials for pertinent subjects, and class materials such as syllabi, lectures, and student papers.","Boxes 1 – 6 contain A. E. Dick Howard student notebooks as a law student at the University of Virginia School of Law, a binder with briefs (Box 5) and other University of Virginia files.","Boxes 7-8 are the Hugo L. Black files. A. E. Dick Howard served as a law clerk to Justice Black during the October Term of 1962 to the October Term of 1963.  ","Box 9 -10 contain cert notes that Howard wrote during his clerkship with Justice Hugo Black (1962-1964).  \"I happened upon the scene of a truly historic moment. Between the time I accepted the clerkship and the time I reported for duty, Felix Frankfurter had a stroke and left the Court. He was replaced by Arthur Goldburg, Thus the field marshal of the Court's conservative wing was replaced by a liberal. This shifted the balance on the Court to the more liberal justices. It was at that moment that the Warren Court came into its own, I had the fortune of sitting at the elbow of the architect of much of the Warren Court's most important decisions. An example (during my time) was Gideon v. Wainwright.\" ","Boxes 11- 15 Teaching Files: Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutionalism, Jurisprudence, Supreme Court Seminar (All these files have restricted materials that have been signaled).","Boxes 15 -21 are comprised of case files. School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, an important case arising under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause in which Prof. Howard agreed to argue the case for the respondents.  The Bricks Company v. United States \"involved constitutional challenges to the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992\", are two of the most important ones.","Boxes 22-27 are the Counselor to Governor Charles S. Robb Files. A. E. Dick Howard was named Counselor to the Governor in 1982. \"This position had not existed before, so I was the first person to hold this post. The post was unpaid and part-time.\" (Note to Amy Wharton, October 2020).","Box 28 contains Other State of Virginia files"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 "],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law"],"persname_ssim":["Howard, A. E. Dick","Bork, Robert H., 1927-2012","Kennedy, Edward M., 1932-2009 ","Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1886-1971"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1840,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:25:11.137Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_734"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3115","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A. Edwin Kendrew Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3115#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3115#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePamphlets and brochures from Colonial Williamsburg, plus various invitations and programs for Williamsburg area events.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3115#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3115","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3115","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3115","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3115","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_3115.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kendrew, A. Edwin Papers","title_ssm":["A. Edwin Kendrew Papers"],"title_tesim":["A. Edwin Kendrew Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930s-1950s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01234","/repositories/2/resources/3115"],"text":["SC 01234","/repositories/2/resources/3115","A. Edwin Kendrew Papers","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Clippings (information artifacts)","Invitations","Newspapers","Pamphlets","Printed ephemera","Programs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","A. Edwin Kendrew was born in Canada and moved to Boston, Massachusetts in 1917. As a member of the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw \u0026 Hepburn he became the head draftsman for the Colonial Williamsburg work, then headed the Colonial Williamsburg architecture department. Later, as vice president, he was also put in charge of construction, maintenance and landscaping. He was named resident architect in 1934. In 1937, he was asked to develop a master plan for the future development of the restoration project that was approved by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. From 1946 to 1947 he worked with John D. Rockefeller III, then board chairman, on a new plan for visitor orientation and interpretation. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Pamphlets and brochures from Colonial Williamsburg, plus various invitations and programs for Williamsburg area events.","1949 Virginia Gazette Supplement celebrating the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","College of William and Mary.","Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1874-1960","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01234","/repositories/2/resources/3115"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Edwin Kendrew was born in Canada and moved to Boston, Massachusetts in 1917. As a member of the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw \u0026amp; Hepburn he became the head draftsman for the Colonial Williamsburg work, then headed the Colonial Williamsburg architecture department. Later, as vice president, he was also put in charge of construction, maintenance and landscaping. He was named resident architect in 1934. In 1937, he was asked to develop a master plan for the future development of the restoration project that was approved by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. From 1946 to 1947 he worked with John D. Rockefeller III, then board chairman, on a new plan for visitor orientation and interpretation. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/A._Edwin_Kendrew\" title=\"A. Edwin Kendrew\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. 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(John Davison), 1874-1960"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","College of William and Mary.","Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1874-1960"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","College of William and Mary."],"persname_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D. 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Edwin Kendrew Papers","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Clippings (information artifacts)","Invitations","Newspapers","Pamphlets","Printed ephemera","Programs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","A. Edwin Kendrew was born in Canada and moved to Boston, Massachusetts in 1917. As a member of the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw \u0026 Hepburn he became the head draftsman for the Colonial Williamsburg work, then headed the Colonial Williamsburg architecture department. Later, as vice president, he was also put in charge of construction, maintenance and landscaping. He was named resident architect in 1934. In 1937, he was asked to develop a master plan for the future development of the restoration project that was approved by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. From 1946 to 1947 he worked with John D. Rockefeller III, then board chairman, on a new plan for visitor orientation and interpretation. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Edwin Kendrew was born in Canada and moved to Boston, Massachusetts in 1917. As a member of the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw \u0026amp; Hepburn he became the head draftsman for the Colonial Williamsburg work, then headed the Colonial Williamsburg architecture department. Later, as vice president, he was also put in charge of construction, maintenance and landscaping. He was named resident architect in 1934. In 1937, he was asked to develop a master plan for the future development of the restoration project that was approved by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. From 1946 to 1947 he worked with John D. Rockefeller III, then board chairman, on a new plan for visitor orientation and interpretation. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/A._Edwin_Kendrew\" title=\"A. Edwin Kendrew\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. 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(John Davison), 1874-1960"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","College of William and Mary.","Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1874-1960"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Williamsburg Historic Records Association (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","College of William and Mary."],"persname_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1874-1960"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T14:20:15.375Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3115"}},{"id":"vi_vi06621","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06621#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Dept. of Transportation.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06621#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06621#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi06621","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06621","_root_":"vi_vi06621","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06621","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06621.xml","title_ssm":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"title_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2015."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2015."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["54544"],"text":["54544","Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,","254 cubic feet; 13 v.; and 35 oversize map folders.","There are no access restrictions","Within the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping.","This collection has been minimally processed.\n","Please contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection.","Aerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n","The Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:","Bristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.","Salem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.","Lynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.","Richmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.","Suffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.","Fredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.","Culpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.","Staunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.","Northern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.","Index maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.","Index maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.","Vertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.","Oblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. ","These indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. ","Mosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.","Aerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.","Overlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.","Overlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.","Miscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.","Topographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.","Photographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.","Projects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.","Miscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.","Miscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).","Film negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county."],"unitid_tesim":["54544"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"collection_ssim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Dept. of Transportation."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Dept. of Transportation."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 54544 was transferred by the Virginia Dept. of Transportation on 07/24/2025."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["254 cubic feet; 13 v.; and 35 oversize map folders."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWithin the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Within the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, 1930-2015. Manuscripts and Special Collections - Visual Studies collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, 1930-2015. Manuscripts and Special Collections - Visual Studies collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection has been minimally processed.\n","Please contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCulpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStaunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProjects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilm negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Aerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n","The Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:","Bristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.","Salem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.","Lynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.","Richmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.","Suffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.","Fredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.","Culpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.","Staunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.","Northern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.","Index maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.","Index maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.","Vertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.","Oblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. ","These indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. ","Mosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.","Aerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.","Overlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.","Overlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.","Miscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.","Topographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.","Photographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.","Projects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.","Miscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.","Miscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).","Film negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county."],"total_component_count_is":360,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:50:22.623Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi06621","ead_ssi":"vi_vi06621","_root_":"vi_vi06621","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi06621","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi06621.xml","title_ssm":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"title_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2015."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2015."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["54544"],"text":["54544","Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,","254 cubic feet; 13 v.; and 35 oversize map folders.","There are no access restrictions","Within the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping.","This collection has been minimally processed.\n","Please contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection.","Aerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n","The Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:","Bristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.","Salem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.","Lynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.","Richmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.","Suffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.","Fredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.","Culpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.","Staunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.","Northern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.","Index maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.","Index maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.","Vertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.","Oblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. ","These indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. ","Mosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.","Aerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.","Overlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.","Overlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.","Miscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.","Topographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.","Photographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.","Projects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.","Miscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.","Miscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).","Film negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county."],"unitid_tesim":["54544"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"collection_ssim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation,"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Dept. of Transportation."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Dept. of Transportation."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 54544 was transferred by the Virginia Dept. of Transportation on 07/24/2025."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["254 cubic feet; 13 v.; and 35 oversize map folders."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWithin the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Within the Location and Design Division of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, the Geospatial Program is responsible for providing statewide photogrammetry services, technical support on survey policies and procedures, and maintaining state of the art surveying equipment. The Photogrammetry section provides aerial mapping."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, 1930-2015. Manuscripts and Special Collections - Visual Studies collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Aerial Photographs of the Virginia Dept. of Transportation, 1930-2015. Manuscripts and Special Collections - Visual Studies collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection has been minimally processed.\n","Please contact Manuscripts and Special Collections / Visual Studies to use this collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCulpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStaunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProjects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilm negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Aerial photographs, 1930-2015, document road projects and corridor studies throughout the Commonwealth and include photographic prints, as well as aerial photo indexes, index maps, mosaic indexes, oblique indexes, overlay books, overlay books, topographic maps and vertical indexes.\n","The Dept. of Transportation divides the state into districts as follows:","Bristol District (District 1) includes:  Counties - Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe; Cities: Bristol, and Norton.","Salem District (District 2) includes: Counties - Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, and Roanoke; Cities - Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem.","Lynchburg District (District 3) includes: Counties - Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax. Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward; Cities: Danville and Lynchburg.","Richmond District (District 4) includes: Counties - Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan and Prince George; Cities - Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg and Richmond.","Suffolk District (District 5) [now Hampton Roads District] includes: Counties - Accomack, Greensville, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, and York; Cities - Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg.","Fredericksburg District (District 6) includes: Counties - Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland; Cities - Fredericksburg.","Culpeper District (District 7) includes: Counties - Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange and Rappahannock; Cities - Charlottesville.","Staunton District (District 8) includes: Counties - Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren; Cities - Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester.","Northern Virginia District (District 9) includes: Counties - Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William; Cities - Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and Manassas Park.","Index maps, 1937-1953, are in chronological order, and alphabetical order by county thereunder.","Index maps - Miscellaneous cities, 1960-1965, are in alphabetical order.","Vertical Indexes, 1955-1969, are arranged by district. Vertical aerial photography captures images directly downward, perpendicular to the earth's surface, resembling a map view.","Oblique Indexes, undated, are arranged by district. Oblique aerial photography involves tilting the camera at an angle, allowing the horizon to be visible and providing a more perspective-based view. ","These indexes include Mosaic Index File, Oblique Index File and Miscellaneous indexes. ","Mosaics, 1966-1968, are arranged by district.  Mosaics photographs are compound images created by stitching together a series of adjacent aerial photographs.","Aerial photo indexes, 1960-1980 c., are arranged by district.","Overlay books, 1980-2009 c., are arranged alphabetically by county.","Overlay maps, undated, are arranged by district.","Miscellaneous oversize includes miscellaneous maps, negatives, and a photo index.","Topographic mapping, undated, are housed in 2 oversize boxes and arranged by district.","Photographic prints, 1930-1939, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints, 1950-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1950-1998 (bulk 1958-1980), are arranged by district.","Photographic prints - Districts, 1966-2015, are arranged by district and chronologically thereunder.","Projects, 1955-2013, include aerial photographs related to specific road projects.","Miscellaneous counties, 1936-1955, include photographs for Chesterfield, Hanover and Henrico.","Miscellaneous Districts, 1991-2006, are arranged by district and include photographs for Richmond District (District 4), Suffolk District (District 5), Fredericksburg District (District 6), Culpeper District (District 7), and Northern Virginia District (District 9).","Film negatives, 1930-1959, are arranged alphabetically by county."],"total_component_count_is":360,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:50:22.623Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi06621"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A.E.S. Stephens Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_35#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_35#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_35.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/35","title_filing_ssi":"Stephens, A.E.S.","title_ssm":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"title_tesim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949-1961, undated","Date acquired: 05/20/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-1961, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/20/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35"],"text":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35","A.E.S. Stephens Papers","Virginia--Politics and government","School integration--Massive resistance movement","Collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material.","Allie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973.","The papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.","ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"collection_ssim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. Anna Delk Stephens and Mr. Rodham T. Delk","Gift. Accession #A77-36"],"access_subjects_ssim":["School integration--Massive resistance movement"],"access_subjects_ssm":["School integration--Massive resistance movement"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.40 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.40 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAllie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Allie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], A. E. S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1949 February, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1950 October, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1951 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1955 January-April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1955 May-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1960 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1960 March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1960 September, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1960 November 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1960 November 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Correspondence, 1960 November 22-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Correspondence, 1960 December 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 18, Correspondence, 1960 December 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 19, Correspondence, 1960 December 16-22, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 20, Correspondence, 1960 December 23-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 January 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 January 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 January 22-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 February 1-12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 February 13-28, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 March 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 March 16-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 March 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 March 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 April 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 April 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 April 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 April 24-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 May 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 May 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 May 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 May 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 June 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 June 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 June 16-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 July 1-11, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 July 12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 July 13-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 July 17, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 July 18-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 July 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1961 August, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1961 September-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 16, Correspondence, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 1, Photographs, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 2, Biographical Data, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 3, Newspaper Clippings, 1954-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 4, Newspaper Clippings, 1959-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 5, Campaign Records, 1960-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 6, Speeches, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 7, Speeches, 1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 8, Speeches, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 9, Speeches, 1955, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 10, Speeches, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 11, Speeches, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 12, Speeches, 1958, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 13, Speeches, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 14, Speeches, 1960 January-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 15, Speeches, 1960 July-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 16, Speeches, 1961 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 17, Speeches, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 18, Speeches, 1961 May 1-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 19, Speeches, 1961 May 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 1, Speeches, 1961 June 1-10, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 2, Speeches, 1961 June 11-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 3, Speeches, 1961 June 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 4, Speeches, 1961 June 26-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 5, Speeches, 1961 July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 6-9, Speeches, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 11, Speech Outlines, 1954-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 1, Proposed Platform, 1961 April 5, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Statements, 1961 March-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 3, Statements, 1961 July, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 4, Reference Material, 1949-1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 5, Reference Material, 1954 January-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 6, Reference Material, 1954 August-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 7, Reference Material, 1955-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 8, Reference Material, 1960, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 9, Reference Material, 1961 January-March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 10, Reference Material, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 11, Reference Material, 1961 May-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 12, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 13, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], A. E. S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1949 February, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1950 October, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1951 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1955 January-April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1955 May-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1960 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1960 March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1960 September, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1960 November 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1960 November 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Correspondence, 1960 November 22-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Correspondence, 1960 December 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 18, Correspondence, 1960 December 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 19, Correspondence, 1960 December 16-22, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 20, Correspondence, 1960 December 23-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 January 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 January 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 January 22-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 February 1-12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 February 13-28, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 March 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 March 16-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 March 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 March 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 April 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 April 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 April 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 April 24-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 May 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 May 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 May 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 May 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 June 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 June 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 June 16-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 July 1-11, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 July 12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 July 13-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 July 17, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 July 18-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 July 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1961 August, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1961 September-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 16, Correspondence, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 1, Photographs, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 2, Biographical Data, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 3, Newspaper Clippings, 1954-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 4, Newspaper Clippings, 1959-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 5, Campaign Records, 1960-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 6, Speeches, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 7, Speeches, 1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 8, Speeches, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 9, Speeches, 1955, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 10, Speeches, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 11, Speeches, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 12, Speeches, 1958, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 13, Speeches, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 14, Speeches, 1960 January-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 15, Speeches, 1960 July-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 16, Speeches, 1961 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 17, Speeches, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 18, Speeches, 1961 May 1-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 19, Speeches, 1961 May 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 1, Speeches, 1961 June 1-10, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 2, Speeches, 1961 June 11-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 3, Speeches, 1961 June 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 4, Speeches, 1961 June 26-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 5, Speeches, 1961 July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 6-9, Speeches, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 11, Speech Outlines, 1954-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 1, Proposed Platform, 1961 April 5, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Statements, 1961 March-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 3, Statements, 1961 July, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 4, Reference Material, 1949-1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 5, Reference Material, 1954 January-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 6, Reference Material, 1954 August-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 7, Reference Material, 1955-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 8, Reference Material, 1960, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 9, Reference Material, 1961 January-March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 10, Reference Material, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 11, Reference Material, 1961 May-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 12, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 13, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_948fc501b229222e0986f5633ddd96c2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:48:22.680Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_35","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_35.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/35","title_filing_ssi":"Stephens, A.E.S.","title_ssm":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"title_tesim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949-1961, undated","Date acquired: 05/20/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-1961, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/20/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35"],"text":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35","A.E.S. Stephens Papers","Virginia--Politics and government","School integration--Massive resistance movement","Collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material.","Allie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973.","The papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.","ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 19","/repositories/5/resources/35"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"collection_ssim":["A.E.S. Stephens Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. Anna Delk Stephens and Mr. Rodham T. Delk","Gift. Accession #A77-36"],"access_subjects_ssim":["School integration--Massive resistance movement"],"access_subjects_ssm":["School integration--Massive resistance movement"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.40 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.40 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are divided into eight series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs; Series III: Biographical Data; Series IV: Newspaper Clippings; Series V: Campaign Records; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Statements; and Series VIII: Reference Material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAllie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Allie Edward Stakes Stephens was born November 4, 1900, in Wicomico Church, Virginia. Stephens began practicing law in the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, on September 15, 1923. It was in Isle of Wight County in 1927 that Stephens experienced a violent initiation into politics. An incident occurred in which a fourteen year old white girl was allegedly brutally murdered by a black man. At a time in Virginia history when lynchings still occurred, a mob formed and demanded the death of the defendant. The Isle of Wight Commonwealth's Attorney, however, succeeded in transporting the black man safely to Petersburg. Stephens was asked by angry Isle of Wight residents to run for Commonwealth's Attorney as an independent candidate, but Stephens made it absolutely clear that he would neither run, nor accept the office if elected. Stephens, in fact, won the election, but as he had promised he refused to accept the office despite the attempted intimidation of the Ku Klux Klan.\nStephens formally began his political career when he was elected as a Democrat to the House of Delegates in 1929. He served as a Delegate for twelve years. In 1941 Stephens was elected to the Virginia Senate where he served until 1952. After the death of Lieutenant Governor Lewis Preston Collins on September 20, 1952, Stephens announced his candidacy for the unexpired portion of Collins' term. His candidacy was successful and in November 1953, he was elected to a full four-year term. Stephens was re-elected Lieutenant Governor in 1957, and served in that capacity until his resignation after an unsuccessful candidacy for the Governorship in 1961.Throughout his political career, Stephens remained a member of the Democratic Party and until the late 1950s he aligned himself with the powerful Byrd Organization. Stephens split with the Byrd Machine in 1959 when he withdrew his support from the Organization's policy of Massive Resistance to public school desegregation. Stephens' private life was filled with important and varied positions and accomplishments. He married Anna Spratley Delk in 1928, and had three children, including the first girl in the Stephens family in four generations. Stephens was a founder and, at his death, President and a member of the Board of the Directors of Historic St. Luke's Restoration. He was a member of the Smithfield Ruritan Club, Virginia Bar Association and an honorary member of the Smithfield Rotary Club, which he twice served as president. He was Town Attorney for the Town of Smithfield for many years until his retirement on December 3, 1971. Stephens served as a member of the Board of Visitors of Old Dominion University from 1968 to 1972.\nHe died, after a short illness, at Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia on June 9, 1973."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], A. E. S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1949 February, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1950 October, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1951 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1955 January-April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1955 May-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1960 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1960 March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1960 September, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1960 November 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1960 November 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Correspondence, 1960 November 22-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Correspondence, 1960 December 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 18, Correspondence, 1960 December 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 19, Correspondence, 1960 December 16-22, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 20, Correspondence, 1960 December 23-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 January 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 January 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 January 22-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 February 1-12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 February 13-28, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 March 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 March 16-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 March 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 March 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 April 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 April 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 April 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 April 24-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 May 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 May 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 May 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 May 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 June 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 June 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 June 16-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 July 1-11, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 July 12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 July 13-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 July 17, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 July 18-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 July 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1961 August, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1961 September-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 16, Correspondence, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 1, Photographs, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 2, Biographical Data, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 3, Newspaper Clippings, 1954-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 4, Newspaper Clippings, 1959-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 5, Campaign Records, 1960-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 6, Speeches, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 7, Speeches, 1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 8, Speeches, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 9, Speeches, 1955, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 10, Speeches, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 11, Speeches, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 12, Speeches, 1958, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 13, Speeches, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 14, Speeches, 1960 January-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 15, Speeches, 1960 July-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 16, Speeches, 1961 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 17, Speeches, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 18, Speeches, 1961 May 1-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 19, Speeches, 1961 May 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 1, Speeches, 1961 June 1-10, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 2, Speeches, 1961 June 11-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 3, Speeches, 1961 June 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 4, Speeches, 1961 June 26-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 5, Speeches, 1961 July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 6-9, Speeches, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 11, Speech Outlines, 1954-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 1, Proposed Platform, 1961 April 5, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Statements, 1961 March-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 3, Statements, 1961 July, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 4, Reference Material, 1949-1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 5, Reference Material, 1954 January-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 6, Reference Material, 1954 August-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 7, Reference Material, 1955-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 8, Reference Material, 1960, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 9, Reference Material, 1961 January-March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 10, Reference Material, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 11, Reference Material, 1961 May-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 12, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 13, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], A. E. S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1949 February, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1950 October, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1951 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1955 January-April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1955 May-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1960 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1960 March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1960 September, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1960 November 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1960 November 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Correspondence, 1960 November 22-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Correspondence, 1960 December 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 18, Correspondence, 1960 December 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 19, Correspondence, 1960 December 16-22, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 20, Correspondence, 1960 December 23-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 January 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 January 16-21, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 January 22-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 February 1-12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 February 13-28, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 March 1-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 March 16-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 March 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 March 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 April 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 April 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 April 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 April 24-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 1, Correspondence, 1961 May 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 2, Correspondence, 1961 May 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 3, Correspondence, 1961 May 16-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 4, Correspondence, 1961 May 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 5, Correspondence, 1961 June 1-7, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 6, Correspondence, 1961 June 8-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 7, Correspondence, 1961 June 16-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 8, Correspondence, 1961 July 1-11, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 9, Correspondence, 1961 July 12, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 10, Correspondence, 1961 July 13-15, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 11, Correspondence, 1961 July 17, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 12, Correspondence, 1961 July 18-23, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 13, Correspondence, 1961 July 24-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 14, Correspondence, 1961 August, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 15, Correspondence, 1961 September-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 3, Folder 16, Correspondence, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 1, Photographs, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 2, Biographical Data, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 3, Newspaper Clippings, 1954-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 4, Newspaper Clippings, 1959-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 5, Campaign Records, 1960-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 6, Speeches, 1952, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 7, Speeches, 1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 8, Speeches, 1954, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 9, Speeches, 1955, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 10, Speeches, 1956, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 11, Speeches, 1957, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 12, Speeches, 1958, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 13, Speeches, 1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 14, Speeches, 1960 January-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 15, Speeches, 1960 July-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 16, Speeches, 1961 January, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 17, Speeches, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 18, Speeches, 1961 May 1-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 4, Folder 19, Speeches, 1961 May 26-31, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 1, Speeches, 1961 June 1-10, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 2, Speeches, 1961 June 11-20, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 3, Speeches, 1961 June 21-25, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 4, Speeches, 1961 June 26-30, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 5, Speeches, 1961 July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 6-9, Speeches, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 5, Folder 11, Speech Outlines, 1954-1961, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 1, Proposed Platform, 1961 April 5, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Statements, 1961 March-June, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 3, Statements, 1961 July, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 4, Reference Material, 1949-1953, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 5, Reference Material, 1954 January-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 6, Reference Material, 1954 August-December, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 7, Reference Material, 1955-1959, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 8, Reference Material, 1960, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 9, Reference Material, 1961 January-March, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 10, Reference Material, 1961 April, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 11, Reference Material, 1961 May-July, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 12, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 13, Reference Material, undated, A.E.S. Stephens Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of A.E.S. Stephens center around his unsuccessful campaign for Governor of Virginia from December 1960, until his loss to Albertis Harrison in the Democratic Party primary in July 1961. The majority of the papers prior to the 1960-1961 primary race focus on the issue of Massive Resistance to racial integration in Virginia schools."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_948fc501b229222e0986f5633ddd96c2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Served in both the House of Delegates (1929-1941) and the State Senate (1941-1952), and as Lieutenant Governor (1952-1961). Ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1961 against Albertis Harrison. Centers around this unsuccessful campaign and contains papers focusing on the issue of Massive Resistance to integration, dating to the early 1950s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Stephens, Allie Edward Stokes (1900-1973)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:48:22.680Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_35"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A. Franklin Kibler papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kibler, A. Franklin (Abram Franklin), 1891-1955","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of documents and photographs dating from A. Franklin Kibler's World War II service with the 12th Army Group, European Theater, including: \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMemoranda to and from Kibler and other senior officers (1943-1945)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHeadquarters, 12th Army Group Commanding General's briefings (1944-1945)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReports, including \"Reports of the General Board, United States Forces, European Theater\" (G-3 Section)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganizational charts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_534.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00071.xml","title_ssm":["A. Franklin Kibler papers"],"title_tesim":["A. Franklin Kibler papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1952"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1952"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0454","/repositories/3/resources/534"],"text":["MS.0454","/repositories/3/resources/534","A. Franklin Kibler papers","United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1912","United States -- Army -- Army Group, 12th -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Germany","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—France—Normandy","Operation Overlord","World War, 1939-1945","United States. -- Army. -- European Theater of Operations. -- Headquarters","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Generals—United States—Biography","Military records","Correspondence","Reports","There are no restrictions.","This collection was reviewed by the National Archives Declassification Center and all items confirmed/marked declassified, July 2015.","Abram Franklin Kibler was born in Staunton, Virginia on July 10, 1891 to Green Markwood Kibler (1848-1922) and Almira Erena Fishburn (1851-1916). He graduated from VMI in 1912 and was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army in 1917. His military career spanned 35 years and he rose to the rank of Major General before his retirement in 1952.","During World War II Kibler was a senior member on the staff of General Omar Bradley, serving as Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations, 12th Army Group, European Theater. In 1946 he was assigned to the Joint Chiefs of Staff as Deputy United States Army representative to the United Nations staff committee. In 1949 he was named Chief of the United States delegation to the Military Committee of the Five Powers (Brussels Pact). Kibler died at Walter Reed Army Hospital (Washington, D.C.) on January 24, 1955.","This collection consists primarily of documents and photographs dating from A. Franklin Kibler's World War II service with the 12th Army Group, European Theater, including:\n Memoranda to and from Kibler and other senior officers (1943-1945) Headquarters, 12th Army Group Commanding General's briefings (1944-1945) Reports, including \"Reports of the General Board, United States Forces, European Theater\" (G-3 Section) Photographs Organizational charts","Memoranda concerning the operations of G3, European Theater. The bulk of this material is dated from 1944 to 1945.","Headquarters, 12th Army Group, Commanding General's briefing documents.","Final after action report preparted by Colonel Harrison H. D. Heiberg.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Kibler, A. Franklin (Abram Franklin), 1891-1955","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0454","/repositories/3/resources/534"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. Franklin Kibler papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A. Franklin Kibler papers"],"collection_ssim":["A. Franklin Kibler papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Kibler, A. Franklin (Abram Franklin), 1891-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Kibler, A. Franklin (Abram Franklin), 1891-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kibler, A. Franklin (Abram Franklin), 1891-1955"],"creators_ssim":["Kibler, A. 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There are multiple images of adult men and women. Of particular note is an image of a woman standing on the beach in circa 1920s. While most images are candid shots, there are also studio portraits that feature adults and one child posed while seated or standing. Some photographs are of men in military uniform and a couple of photographs of performers such as an unidentified music group. There is also a photograph showing a group of school children and their teacher in circa 1920s with Cape May written in the corner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one photograph album featuring both black and white and sepia toned gelatin silver photographs of an unidentified African American family from circa 1910-1960. There is one colored photograph of a dog sitting on a sofa. From some of the captions, it is possible that the family was from the New Jersey area. The photographs are not in chronological order. Inserted inside the album is an unidentified man's graduation photograph taken by the Sarony studio in Philadelphia.","Several photographs blurry. The are photographs of children posed with each other, on a bike, with pets (dog, cat), and with a teddy bear. There are multiple images of adult men and women. Of particular note is an image of a woman standing on the beach in circa 1920s. While most images are candid shots, there are also studio portraits that feature adults and one child posed while seated or standing. Some photographs are of men in military uniform and a couple of photographs of performers such as an unidentified music group. There is also a photograph showing a group of school children and their teacher in circa 1920s with Cape May written in the corner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:06.580Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1172","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1172","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1172","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1172","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_1172.xml","title_filing_ssi":"African American Family photograph album","title_ssm":["African American Family photograph album"],"title_tesim":["African American Family photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1910-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1910-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0104","/repositories/5/resources/1172"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0104","/repositories/5/resources/1172","African American Family photograph album","African Americans","African American children","Photographs","This collection is open for research.","This collection consists of one photograph album featuring both black and white and sepia toned gelatin silver photographs of an unidentified African American family from circa 1910-1960. There is one colored photograph of a dog sitting on a sofa. From some of the captions, it is possible that the family was from the New Jersey area. The photographs are not in chronological order. Inserted inside the album is an unidentified man's graduation photograph taken by the Sarony studio in Philadelphia.","Several photographs blurry. The are photographs of children posed with each other, on a bike, with pets (dog, cat), and with a teddy bear. There are multiple images of adult men and women. Of particular note is an image of a woman standing on the beach in circa 1920s. While most images are candid shots, there are also studio portraits that feature adults and one child posed while seated or standing. Some photographs are of men in military uniform and a couple of photographs of performers such as an unidentified music group. There is also a photograph showing a group of school children and their teacher in circa 1920s with Cape May written in the corner.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0104","/repositories/5/resources/1172"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Family photograph album"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Family photograph album"],"collection_ssim":["African American Family photograph album"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased in June 2024"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","African American children","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","African American children","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Family Photograph Album (WLU Coll. 0104), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Family Photograph Album (WLU Coll. 0104), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one photograph album featuring both black and white and sepia toned gelatin silver photographs of an unidentified African American family from circa 1910-1960. There is one colored photograph of a dog sitting on a sofa. From some of the captions, it is possible that the family was from the New Jersey area. The photographs are not in chronological order. Inserted inside the album is an unidentified man's graduation photograph taken by the Sarony studio in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral photographs blurry. The are photographs of children posed with each other, on a bike, with pets (dog, cat), and with a teddy bear. There are multiple images of adult men and women. Of particular note is an image of a woman standing on the beach in circa 1920s. While most images are candid shots, there are also studio portraits that feature adults and one child posed while seated or standing. Some photographs are of men in military uniform and a couple of photographs of performers such as an unidentified music group. There is also a photograph showing a group of school children and their teacher in circa 1920s with Cape May written in the corner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one photograph album featuring both black and white and sepia toned gelatin silver photographs of an unidentified African American family from circa 1910-1960. There is one colored photograph of a dog sitting on a sofa. From some of the captions, it is possible that the family was from the New Jersey area. The photographs are not in chronological order. Inserted inside the album is an unidentified man's graduation photograph taken by the Sarony studio in Philadelphia.","Several photographs blurry. The are photographs of children posed with each other, on a bike, with pets (dog, cat), and with a teddy bear. There are multiple images of adult men and women. Of particular note is an image of a woman standing on the beach in circa 1920s. While most images are candid shots, there are also studio portraits that feature adults and one child posed while seated or standing. Some photographs are of men in military uniform and a couple of photographs of performers such as an unidentified music group. There is also a photograph showing a group of school children and their teacher in circa 1920s with Cape May written in the corner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:06.580Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1172"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African American Family Photographs","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1655#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.). Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1655#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1655.xml","title_filing_ssi":"African American Family Photographs","title_ssm":["African American Family Photographs"],"title_tesim":["African American Family Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1880-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1880-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655"],"text":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655","African American Family Photographs","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois.","This collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King","Accessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014.","Photographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.","Photographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.","Handwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.","Handwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.","This folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".","Handwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.","The folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.","The photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.","The two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Family Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Family Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["African American Family Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Family Photographs, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Family Photographs, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Photographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.","Photographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.","Handwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.","Handwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.","This folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".","Handwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.","The folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.","The photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.","The two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:36:29.262Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1655","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1655.xml","title_filing_ssi":"African American Family Photographs","title_ssm":["African American Family Photographs"],"title_tesim":["African American Family Photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1880-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1880-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655"],"text":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655","African American Family Photographs","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois.","This collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King","Accessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014.","Photographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.","Photographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.","Handwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.","Handwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.","This folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".","Handwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.","The folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.","The photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.","The two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00230","/repositories/2/resources/1655"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Family Photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Family Photographs"],"collection_ssim":["African American Family Photographs"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photographs","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection contains folders with photographs of African-American individuals, families, and friends ranging from places like Richmond, Virginia to Chicago, Illionois."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection ID was previously Mss. Acc. 2009.606. 4/25/2018 K.King"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Family Photographs, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Family Photographs, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally described in January 2010 Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Fully processed by Phillip Nicholas Oct. 2014."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Photographs of an African-American family, circa 1880-1960, most likely of Richmond, Virgina. Included are snapshots, studio portraits and photo postcards of family members and also a postcard of the \"Barracks of Colored Recruits, Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va.\" (addressed to Eliza Chatman, Richmond, Va.).  Some photos are identified by first names or location. Names include Pearl, Russell, Constance, Berkley, Allen, Beverley Boxyem, Samuel, Mary, James, Horace, Sarah, Mother Booker, Julie, Lester Hall, Joe Bill Williams and Mildred. Locations in addition to Richmond, are Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Tappahannock, Va., Detroit, Michigan, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Pennyslvania. Subjects of photos include visiting relatives, returning from church, several people in military uniform, children playing, post cards, pictures of individuals, studio portraits and family photos.","Photographs of a woman referred to as \"Mother Booker\". Handwritten notations on the backs of the photos indicate she lived in Richmond, Virginia.","Handwritten notes on the photos indicate the photographs are of relatives in Boston and Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Detroit, Michigan.","Handwritten notes on the photos include the following information: an African American girl named Callie Washington shown with her teacher and class, L.A. City; a photo of a Caucasian woman named Mildred Loving from 1934; and a photo of a goat from a trip to the Zoo in Washington, D.C. Other identified names include Joe Bill Williams from 1957, Joy [Z.?] Kennedy, and Lester Hall.","This folder contains photos of a woman identified only as \"Pearl\". A handwritten note on the back of a photo places her location as Tappahannock, on the third day of April, 1948. Another mentions that she \"just got home from church, St. John\".","Handwritten notes on the photos identify the children primarily as Russell and Allen, presumably closely related as siblings or cousins. Some photos include other children identified as Constance and Berkely. A photo of \"Julie and family\" is included.","The folder contains photographs of African American people, likely family members, gathered in front of a building. The same building is featured in each photo and the arrangement is formal, suggesting a church or another special event.","The photos are of unknown African American women and children. On the back of one photo, a handwritten note identifies a woman as Eu[genia?] Washington Jones and included the notation, \"Mt. Carmel\". Photos of a baby from July 1959 are noted as Beverely Bowen. Other children remain unidentified.","The two photos depict unknown African American women in front of a house. No other identifying notations or features are present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:36:29.262Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1655"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African American Freemason lodge photographs","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1404#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection of eight black and white photographs. All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia. The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach. Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1404#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1404.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/159808","title_filing_ssi":"African American Freemason Lodge photographs","title_ssm":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"title_tesim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1950s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404"],"text":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404","African American Freemason lodge photographs","Black-and-white photographs","The collection is open for research use.","On March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.","King David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. ","Sources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/","King David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/","Collection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"collection_ssim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Kate Mitas, Bookseller to the Small Special Collections Library on July 1, 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["On March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.","King David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. ","Sources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/","King David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16711, African American freemason lodge photographs, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16711, African American freemason lodge photographs, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:52:00.356Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1404","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1404.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/159808","title_filing_ssi":"African American Freemason Lodge photographs","title_ssm":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"title_tesim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1950s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404"],"text":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404","African American Freemason lodge photographs","Black-and-white photographs","The collection is open for research use.","On March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.","King David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. ","Sources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/","King David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/","Collection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16711","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1404"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"collection_ssim":["African American Freemason lodge photographs"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Kate Mitas, Bookseller to the Small Special Collections Library on July 1, 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["On March 6, 1775, Prince Hall and 14 freed men of color (Cyrus Forbes; Bristol Stenzer; Thomas Sanderson; Prince Taylor; Cato Gardner; Boston Smith; Peter Best; Fortune Howard; Prince Reed; John Carter; Peter Freeman; Benjamin Tyler; Cuff Bufform; and Richard Tilledge) were denied membership into the White Freemasons of Massachusetts (located in Boston) and they petitioned to the Grand Lodge of England for their own charter, which they received on September 29, 1784. It marked the first time that African American men were made freemasons in America. This occurred during a time when African Americans needed a means by which to advance the cause of equality. Prince Hall looked to the Fraternal Order of Free and Accepted Masons because the chief purpose of Freemasonry is benevolence and charity to all mankind. In 1791, Worshipful Master Prince Hall was appointed a Provincial Grand Master of the first Black Provincial Grand Lodge.","King David Lodge No. 28 received its charter 12/16/1875 at the grand lodge session in Petersburg, VA. at First Baptist Church,  Silas H. Shackelford Sr. was the Worshipful Master. We were in the 12th  masonic district at that time, somewhere around or near 1920's we became a part of the 26th masonic district. King David Lodge No. 28 has always been a progressive, innovative and creative lodge looking out for its windows and  orphans taking care of its financial obligations to the grand lodge in a timely manner. Donating money to charitable and educational institutions. We will continue to build from within and network in new directions. ","Sources\nMiller, Yawu, \"Black Masons owe lineage to 18th century Boston pioneer Prince Hall\" The Bay State Banner, Boston, Massachusetts, February 8th, 2017\nhttps://www.baystatebanner.com/2017/02/08/black-masons-owe-lineage-to-18th-century-boston-pioneer-prince-hall/","King David lodge No. 28 website:\nhttp://kingdavid28.mylodgehelper.com/home/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16711, African American freemason lodge photographs, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16711, African American freemason lodge photographs, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection of eight black and white photographs.  All are group portraits of members of African American fraternal lodges in Virginia.  The images bare the stamps of several different photographers -- from Richmond, Chesapeake, and Virginia Beach.  Several images show handwritten annotations on the back -- one lodge is identified as Progressive Lodge #80 in Norfolk, another as King David Lodge #28 in Richmond (this photo is signed by 13 members of the lodge on the back), another as Willow Grove Lodge #198."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:52:00.356Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1404"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1556#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1556#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1556.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190983","title_filing_ssi":"African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation","title_ssm":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"title_tesim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"unitdate_ssm":["1916-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556"],"text":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556","African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County.","The collection is open for research use.","During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","This collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm.","The papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.","Included among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. ","Grohskopf article in  Albemarle  Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in  Albemarle  Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in  The Daily Progress .","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"collection_ssim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was placed on deposit by the President of the Ivy Creek Foundation for the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on the 11 July 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 10770, African American Hugh Carr Family, River View Farm and the papers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 10770, African American Hugh Carr Family, River View Farm and the papers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrohskopf article in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAlbemarle\u003c/emph\u003e Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAlbemarle\u003c/emph\u003e Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.","Included among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. ","Grohskopf article in  Albemarle  Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in  Albemarle  Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in  The Daily Progress ."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:50:22.235Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1556","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1556.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/190983","title_filing_ssi":"African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation","title_ssm":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"title_tesim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"unitdate_ssm":["1916-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556"],"text":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556","African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County.","The collection is open for research use.","During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","This collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm.","The papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.","Included among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. ","Grohskopf article in  Albemarle  Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in  Albemarle  Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in  The Daily Progress .","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 10770","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1556"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"collection_ssim":["African American Hugh Carr family, River View Farm, and the Papers of the Ivy Creek Foundation"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was placed on deposit by the President of the Ivy Creek Foundation for the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on the 11 July 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American families","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Charlottesville.","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"Riverview\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","\nFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 10770, African American Hugh Carr Family, River View Farm and the papers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 10770, African American Hugh Carr Family, River View Farm and the papers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection is related to MSS 10176 Hugh Carr family papers and River View farm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrohskopf article in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAlbemarle\u003c/emph\u003e Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAlbemarle\u003c/emph\u003e Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers contain correspondence, legal documents (copies), clippings, articles, research material, maps, and photographs concerning the Ivy Creek Natural Area and its history as the River View  Farm owned by the Carr family (African Americans in late nineteenth century), including the original purchase by the Nature Conservancy, the formation of the Ivy Creek Foundation, and its administration of the property.","Included among these is a notebook titled, Ivy Creek Natural Area History and Heritage by Price Smith, and \"The Rann Preserve\" by Elizabeth Conant; a local conservation case study\" by Patricia Farrell; an article \"Legacies: Nature and History at Ivy Creek\" by Bernice Grohskopf; as well as legal and financial papers of former owners Conly and Mary Carr Greer.There are also photographs of the Hugh Carr family. ","Grohskopf article in  Albemarle  Magazine \"about how Hugh Carr rose out of slavery to create the farm that became our 'secret garden.\" Other articles include \"Story of the Rann Preserve in Charlottesville,\" by Elizabeth Conant; \"The Preservation of Ivy Creek\" in  Albemarle  Magazine by David Field; and \"Nature Preserve Ex-Slave's Legacy\" by Robert Brickhouse, in  The Daily Progress ."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content 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