{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=12\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=11\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=13\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=3324\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":12,"next_page":13,"prev_page":11,"total_pages":3324,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":110,"total_count":33238,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"#14 - Bull, D. Bernard","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#1-15"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#1-15"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#1-15","#14 - Bull, D. Bernard"],"title_filing_ssi":"#14 - Bull, D. Bernard","title_ssm":["#14 - Bull, D. Bernard"],"title_tesim":["#14 - Bull, D. Bernard"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1960"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#14 - Bull, D. Bernard"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":150,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#0/components#13","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eContains signatures of:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUlysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmbrose E. Burnside [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Tyler\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Davis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLevi P. Morton [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Claflin [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDouglas Sladen [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[S. W. Lincoln Jr.?]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrover Cleveland [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRutherford B. Hayes [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn J. Audubon [naturalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBenjamin F. Butler [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWalter Harriman [New Hampshire governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHorace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoseph [W.?] Donahue\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames M. Harvey [Kansas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn Hoffman [New York governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHans von Bulow [pianist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobert W. Chambers [American author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry Huntly Haight [California governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCharles [illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eE. M. Pease [Texas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eH. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Gaston [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry W. Longfellow [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Dean Howells [author][with poem]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMargaret J. Preston [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem] \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMorrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAsa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames Parton [author/biographer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBayard Taylor [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eThomas Hughes [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrank Stockton [author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam R. Marshall [Minnesota governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eW. L. Champney [artist][with drawing]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eP. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes original artwork] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[\"Notes \u0026amp; Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[bound collection of individual checklists]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-crowned night heron\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue Jay\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast bittern\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMeadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePewee [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWoodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlder flaycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmerican coot n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eArkansas goldfinch 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle 1927\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBank swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBarn swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-necked stilt n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBob white n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCalifornia towhee 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClapper rail n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDuck hawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDusky seaside sparrow 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [6 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bald eagle 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bob white n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida meadowlark 1922 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida nighthawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida red-shouldered hawk 1928\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida redwing 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrasshopper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat white heron 1924\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGround dove n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHermit thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird 1902\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaughing gull 1910\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLazuli bunting n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMagnolia warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMyrtle warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eNashville warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNorthern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive-sided flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe 1902 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePrairie warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-billed tropic bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-cockaded woodpecker 1918\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-winged blackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuby-throat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuddy [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRusset-backed thrush 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSage grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSalt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSamuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSand swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScarlet tanager n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eTennessee warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTowhee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVermillion flycatcher 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVesper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern mockingbird 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-throated sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWorm-eating warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanvasback duck 1917\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlicker n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida cormorant n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida jay n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFoster's tern n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGannet n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat blue heron 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreen heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHarlequin ducks n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle blue heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMan o'war bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePelican 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSong sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSpotted sandpiper n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWater ouzel 1905\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhistling swan 1917 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite ibis n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite pelican n.d.[2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWild turkey n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c01_c14"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"text":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records","1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach","This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs."],"title_filing_ssi":"1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach","title_ssm":["1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach"],"title_tesim":["1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1937/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.4: History, Programming, and Outreach"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"extent_ssm":["1.22 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.22 Cubic Feet"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":25,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":290,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such."],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|73f914f5-6412-43c7-983d-dec481f0f04b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Sub-Series Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:46.615Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_157.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/157","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1937-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"text":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157","Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries.","Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.","This folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.","This site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use.","This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives","Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum.  More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.","Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. ","This series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.","This folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.","This folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.","This folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.","This sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.","This folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.","This folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408","Color portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442","Color portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481","This folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495","Black and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496","Black and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497","Black and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498","Black and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499","Black and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500","This sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).","This folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.","Website of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Facebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Instagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Twitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Youtube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Alexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults","Online donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia","Website of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library","Website of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia","Intranet website for Alexandria Library staff","Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"extent_tesim":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.","This folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.","This site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.3. Circulation Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.5. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.3. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.5. Web Archives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Notes on Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum. \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/1939-sit-in\"\u003eMore details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/about-us#timeline\"\u003eFor a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum.  More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8c5ffb42-5524-4dc7-a8b4-a73f7efd331e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|894c2868-34c0-45cb-bbd7-b6116cb9124d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|da857c0c-296a-44f7-ab6a-7c2ef7f6321b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2775e1f7-a255-42c9-bb05-66ec592b14d8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|f0eba518-9a04-4088-93a1-f0cd5291c627/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|9ab292a5-45ac-48a7-8149-b59f50daf32d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2988ea9f-6da2-4aab-9e64-25c5f5ccba22/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a960a00f-aef4-4102-a090-28ef0e774a1f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5e07d27c-0667-496c-9fc9-a759401ea84b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2dd86645-aee7-4dc0-a448-8b1a366ca43d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a7289215-eaca-4f70-9db5-d618c4b4268c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aaecee73-770b-4dc0-a5fb-ad424505e3af/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5b2baaaa-f268-433b-bcd8-f7b58ee756fa/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8f393379-c7c0-4289-aa97-126c07454c2d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|65ba51a6-9980-437c-a0a8-9b812c7bcc1e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3cb9e051-78a0-4171-b705-aa095bc9dc16/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e3006d3f-5648-4960-bfb3-9cde4dbd0ef8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aa233c09-5939-412e-ac97-bde4def034fd/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b99e3355-3be7-4288-a295-1b89032f8de2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|42d1f5cf-e5b5-4129-abf6-30490e68519e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|32b50591-64c3-4030-995c-1b642c546c40/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|59d54aa3-37dd-419e-897c-f610719602b7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b5be668b-4c36-4186-8982-c16a1e229d20/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5508d012-7643-425b-9b49-31611b2325d6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d3219ad0-703a-41e9-8972-5bfbaed888fe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d2bc9b53-ce4d-4869-b028-4ef1fcb073d8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b85331ca-2989-4d5f-a470-b747374c2e26/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|54f81cf7-7e77-4afc-86f0-85ee02d37d9d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|90873c83-9782-4565-bbf8-4ed37cdb2e30/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8e9971ee-f82c-4f42-a701-f3c0fd9ed4d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7d24ac36-712a-4d1b-a5c3-39689988ba89/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3898e720-d3d6-4504-aa3c-6ced13f46f0a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|c930dfaa-faf1-4aaf-802c-aa69bc9d0255/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|42ee1234-2a7a-4586-b695-537409ca618d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b1455d2e-d41b-4e0b-a840-cddafdb00d1f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|939d736b-20ce-4597-91fd-b898bae33ee8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aa0f3389-f894-4fd8-8646-a6279a20e2e8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|bd555e9e-6bd1-4deb-ae8e-29fac38fa0f3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|24ecb5a1-ca62-43cd-82dc-58e78eb5b0a6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ec845170-dd5f-4d9d-a3eb-2f7f54f28c45/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fd71f510-2900-4932-b5c8-773d356aa74d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|46aa3cbc-c3ca-428b-a3eb-9f864ded1fbe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a1b1a124-cb67-4004-8a52-cabc0540ba50/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|156e31ad-c793-4d9f-95e2-593309eba75f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d5866300-0f94-4c3e-be37-bfafcd4df310/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e7f934e4-04aa-4a51-9c3a-696a98984e7b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|cd7d450f-3958-4cfa-a637-a8e9b5f9a32e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|78bf04d9-2a23-43c7-9f14-b6a1b23cacad/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|73f914f5-6412-43c7-983d-dec481f0f04b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1a5f9bab-d6c2-4194-ba71-5b17d55f7a72/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a9ddda38-eeb7-4fdc-946b-729494c91c2c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1a453d9f-7d9f-4a8b-8204-d513852f7af7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|37d51356-2123-4ac7-bcf3-9428ed029bd3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e9d4ae49-f62c-4abe-b5ce-d23640fbc58c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|37dc006e-c5f4-459a-bffb-17c61fc31ccf/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|684bd62b-8c67-4e5b-a1ba-c1e58e3f39d7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ac73a1cb-67b8-4866-9499-bc01d4094795/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2a3c6321-c868-4e7e-8ac4-50406bc2364f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5c81d4b1-2478-4441-a007-6e226a86dc57/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4f88a2f1-2c40-4dff-8ea4-7d619258ddf2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|9eea9153-d572-49d3-89e6-5dde9c707fb3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_8d26fcf8-3240-42a3-980a-5a9b5c36a799/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_5f5caa20-94ee-4a8c-aa92-4846b9d4bb06/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2ccfcc8f-1750-4827-93e5-a48b087f848e/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_57f3ac3b-1b71-4822-b7ab-d385c0745fd6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3f9debd1-c9cd-4829-9c4d-faeff29054eb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2a03f7ca-b38c-4d5a-806a-44e43d2cd07f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3cd4c4fd-ac94-4ecd-8b1c-ebbf68947ebf/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_377eaa24-a27b-4ab8-b9d7-e646dd0acd04/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e8c1dbe2-0cd7-4630-8fa7-7c0a3600b2ba/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_ad33be2f-988d-46dc-8af1-7570646ec86c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c807fe07-5c93-4f45-b127-f34f69792d14/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1050a027-9948-4d50-a0b8-9ad8209ddf43/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9de17d10-3ff9-4b7a-8ada-bcb8516bbf44/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0ddb12b6-9660-4beb-8c3e-1cddf6dbc5d6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_92648e88-c666-4240-ba23-b63f38c2f7f5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_baeb425f-988d-4260-b03d-42f14f27ed35/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3dd28149-ff59-4338-9377-3b57908d60be/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_306e35f6-f6e4-4dc8-881f-de7789226254/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d923bbd1-f787-40e4-b734-fe774de9d671/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_16446faa-6fa3-438c-8d22-508fb5086ea4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a4d69cb1-8bfa-4dcf-9fe3-8aba298089ee/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2de9865f-5bba-4df1-823e-09dc3854550b/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_81823870-b373-467a-bcbd-6da2615b67fa/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_757b7a02-74da-4f7d-b452-452b6a1b03d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_08c3f44c-3a27-41ef-84b3-8d1119221242/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_08826eda-2d9f-487b-bafe-033492030b15/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cfb5087b-4b70-4dd6-9ce5-47eab9f8cbb4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e11f0483-c0ae-4bb1-8f7b-5ce0309bcd1a/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1cb336fd-b790-463d-8428-0107d1fb51ed/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a98401b5-cece-43b1-8b86-13ae83f2d5d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7217f04a-471e-4390-947d-d79144bf6bf3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b4694a54-c2de-4ce3-a020-1a42ec6dea9c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_36e0020f-b6e2-4a1e-b595-22b71499d4a3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_6fc46310-c142-46af-b700-3c65782a67ad/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3bce1e32-92ea-40ce-b685-781487e455bb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_be6795b0-32eb-4cde-b3e0-f0a64366f38a/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_62d33928-cff8-4acc-a43b-ee03a0f65e9b/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9c0e9d98-b00d-4205-866c-8bd43f29d524/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_63d1c489-23ca-4587-b414-46d48961c2f9/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0216e8ce-4243-4cca-9aa6-9abcc56d58ee/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_517ff26e-273c-4573-b8aa-aa627c5b0ebc/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_29801f28-6292-4b61-872d-b43c8b6d06c9/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c6c9bafe-52e9-433f-8661-0018a88bc75d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b66676d3-9a94-46c8-a6ea-15307467d6f8/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9a91b309-7768-4318-96f1-3cfbcbebfd01/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_047cc9f1-21a6-4413-9fad-423b2a6b1287/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9def87fa-923f-42aa-91d4-d523b217572c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b600ef6a-88a3-4b9c-bf74-544ff932504c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_41f7a306-87ba-4f8d-8bcb-0b1e585beab4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_df338f73-4e79-4e24-ab1a-a79f6a7173ab/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e7ad605a-1b53-4cc0-8c0e-19e79b6eae27/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d4b38950-b6fc-4069-a664-af4b1ce0f9d3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7df4a52c-ca65-42cb-8c2c-09b723adf9b1/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0f521b29-f4d6-4302-8cd8-a1eac6f300e2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_6c25b7fa-1db7-42c9-8948-7d3805eb7108/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_24877cf2-aa65-4b49-aaee-e15fe97595e6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3631fba4-c057-4cf9-bbaa-5dda3f2aba99/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_36a3db3c-3fdc-4d8f-8605-6b19ca02bbcb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_489cc776-71f8-4e02-9e21-c1c0a4f3d7eb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e132f549-c44e-400d-802b-1e0b138dfd87/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a3fc3610-a308-41bd-b18d-1d646c686c93/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_ecc756a-5465-41dc-aa80-9bbe20a4e035/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_412c87c9-163e-4d24-9357-34df2d5b2e13/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_86226d16-3485-4c02-9899-416b154faf4f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d71c63e2-497e-4148-895e-76585974cc7f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1e293ccb-6685-4d42-8754-46ad7af35cd5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_98258815-7f00-4c3f-9d17-c541d81a5b0d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cec40410-d1be-4bb0-9bab-39f7f1862657/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a69eac6f-09a7-4ee9-8824-29f6b50aaa7c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d2489d87-1587-457a-9a0f-c6f94c163579/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0d92ea83-e458-4751-9063-9fb3bd142972/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_f99b2dd5-b7a3-4b07-a02c-f4841a44a8d0/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_8273f353-7452-4a28-87e0-ce616e9f2824/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c3e2b27f-4697-4fc4-a5ab-bde61ba57cc5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_bfbbea77-dbaa-4eef-9079-275157ebaf30/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_65863205-3ff9-4761-84af-7761f2975e01/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1691260a-b4bd-4744-85e2-d1169db31b74/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cfaf4395-77de-4b9b-b77b-05a456df6544/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|18e5b879-6f2c-4dc3-89e5-443adff9d573/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_82a998a6-8b94-42a9-8a79-1581409e01ca/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c56c7e77-c8f4-4e70-97bc-7514347c11a8/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7002486d-6012-4b1e-8b7b-cb949e624ef4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0aa7d5cd-e501-4cba-a140-9205abd05e15/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_15a41923-5fd3-454c-99bc-2c496ecd248d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_4f02dfee-b8f7-4fde-abd1-6f3963571a2c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e165e654-085c-4d9b-bf5e-786ed83b6f30/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|bfbbbe62-d9d3-4cf4-8778-a75f1176ded1/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|469929aa-96de-404c-b28a-dad33a3fbf61/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fd1b19e2-354f-4a0a-b8cb-b7972dfd577d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e4d695b7-bcb3-4de9-a6da-69868a468dc0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a27070eb-8bbd-40f6-a778-8a6a471dab0d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4b87dab3-2ee7-4afd-acd2-c600aa643096/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|95a9052a-3434-468e-a53e-310b85f4798c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7df764bf-7bf5-4d68-9f36-283a4bd781fe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/20256\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://alexlibraryva.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.facebook.com/AlexLibraryVA/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://instagram.com/alexlibraryva/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://twitter.com/alexlibraryva/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.youtube.com/@AlexandriaLibrary\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://outofthestacks.com/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.mightycause.com/organization/Alexandria-Library-Foundation/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://beatleyfriends.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.friendsofduncanlibrary.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital 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view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Library Board Records\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128\"\u003eAlexandria Library Company Records (MS002)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYoutube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnline donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntranet website for Alexandria Library staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Series Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Description","Content Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. ","This series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.","This folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.","This folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.","This folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.","This sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.","This folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.","This folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408","Color portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442","Color portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481","This folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495","Black and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496","Black and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497","Black and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498","Black and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499","Black and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500","This sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).","This folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.","Website of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Facebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Instagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Twitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Youtube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Alexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults","Online donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia","Website of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library","Website of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia","Intranet website for Alexandria Library staff"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"persname_ssim":["Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":523,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:46.615Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c04"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers","Series 6. Genealogy Records B"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers","Series 6. Genealogy Records B"],"text":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers","Series 6. Genealogy Records B","14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data","Box 3","Folder 32"],"title_filing_ssi":"14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data","title_ssm":["14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data"],"title_tesim":["14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916–1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916/1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["14. Misc. Correspondence Genealogy Data"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":79,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"containers_ssim":["Box 3","Folder 32"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#13","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:07:24.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1852.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196027","title_ssm":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3472","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1852"],"text":["A\u0026M 3472","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1852","Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers","Genealogy","Welfare - Mingo County.","No special access restriction applies.","Papers of Russell L. Davisson, a Republican member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates. Includes mostly genealogy records regarding the Davison, Davisson, and Davidson Families; also includes political correspondence with Governor Arch Moore (1967-1972) and material regarding the welfare system in Mingo County (1966-1967).","Series include:","Series 1. Biographical Information, 2005 (box 1, Folder 1a)  \nSeries 2. Political Correspondence, 1967–1972 (box 1, Folder 1b)  \nSeries 3. Welfare in Mingo County, 1966-1967 (box 1, folders 2-6)  \nSeries 4. Photocopy of \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison, 1982 (box 1, folders 7-10)  \nSeries 5. Genealogy Records A, 1916-1920, 1960-2004 (box 2; box 3, folders 1-18)  \nSeries 6. Genealogy Records B, 1835-1855, 1916-2003 (box 3, folders 19-47)  \nSeries 7. Genealogy Records C Lost Creek Series, 1907, 1952-1992 (box 3, folders 49-55)  \nSeries 8. Subject Files, 1850-1853, 1928-2004 (box 3, folders 56-100; box 4, folders 19-32b)  \nSeries 9. Book Manuscript \"The Davissons\" by Russel L. Davisson, 1992-1993, undated (box 4, folders 1-18)  \nSeries 10. Publications, 1942-1998, undated (box 4, folders 33-40b; box 6)  \nSeries 11. Travel, undated (box 4, folders 41-44)  \nSeries 12. Maps, 1940-1994, undated (box 4, folders 45-59)  \nSeries 13. Ephemera, 1972, undated (box 4, folders 60-61)  \nSeries 14. Photographs, 1966, 1986-1993 (box 4, folders 62-64; box 5, folders 1-2)  \nSeries 15. Certificate, 2004 (box 5, folder 3)  \nSeries 16. Newsletters, 2000–2002 (box 5, folders 4-5)  \nSeries 17. Microfilm Copy of Early Genealogy of Davisson Family, undated (box 5, folders 6-7)","This series includes an autobiography written by Russell L. Davisson.","This series includes correspondence from Governor Arch Moore to Davisson.","This series includes records regarding investigation into the welfare program of Mingo County. The files contain sworn depositions of those involved, contemporary newspaper accounts, and letters from other politicians concerning the controversy.","This series includes a photocopy of the work, \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison.","This series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.","This series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.","This series includes genealogical records pertaining specifically to Lost Creek, Harrison County, WV.","This series includes inauguration invitations (Arch Moore and Richard Nixon), publications on various topics (including Richard Nixon's inauguration and election), and assorted correspondence.","This series includes page proofs, manuscript excerpts, and other material pertaining to \"The Davissons\" by Russell L. Davisson.","This series includes assorted publications, including a copy of Richard Nixon's Presidential nomination acceptance speech, other political works, and various historical works.","This series includes postcards and pamphlets from a trip to China and a trip to Brussels.","This series includes maps of locations in the United States, Europe, and China.","This series includes political car plates and business cards from China.","This series consists of assorted photographs, including a signed photograph of Russell L. Davisson and Richard Nixon, a portrait of Governor Cecil B. Underwood, and the Davisson Cemetary and other historical sites related to the Davisson family.","This series consists of a Certificate of Appreciation from George Washington's Mount Vernon.","This series consists of various issues of the newsletter, \"Mountain Messenger,\" and of the newsletter of the Washington County Genealogical Society.","This series includes a copy of \"Early Genealogy of the Davisson Family\" on two microfilm reels.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davison family - genealogy.","Davison family - Genealogy","Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3472","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1852"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"creator_ssim":["Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"creators_ssim":["Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy","Welfare - Mingo County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy","Welfare - Mingo County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet Summary: 3 ft. 11 1/2 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet Summary: 3 ft. 11 1/2 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3472, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Russell L. Davisson, Politician, Papers, A\u0026M 3472, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Russell L. Davisson, a Republican member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates. Includes mostly genealogy records regarding the Davison, Davisson, and Davidson Families; also includes political correspondence with Governor Arch Moore (1967-1972) and material regarding the welfare system in Mingo County (1966-1967).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Biographical Information, 2005 (box 1, Folder 1a) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Political Correspondence, 1967–1972 (box 1, Folder 1b) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Welfare in Mingo County, 1966-1967 (box 1, folders 2-6) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photocopy of \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison, 1982 (box 1, folders 7-10) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Genealogy Records A, 1916-1920, 1960-2004 (box 2; box 3, folders 1-18) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Genealogy Records B, 1835-1855, 1916-2003 (box 3, folders 19-47) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Genealogy Records C Lost Creek Series, 1907, 1952-1992 (box 3, folders 49-55) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Subject Files, 1850-1853, 1928-2004 (box 3, folders 56-100; box 4, folders 19-32b) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Book Manuscript \"The Davissons\" by Russel L. Davisson, 1992-1993, undated (box 4, folders 1-18) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Publications, 1942-1998, undated (box 4, folders 33-40b; box 6) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Travel, undated (box 4, folders 41-44) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Maps, 1940-1994, undated (box 4, folders 45-59) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Ephemera, 1972, undated (box 4, folders 60-61) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Photographs, 1966, 1986-1993 (box 4, folders 62-64; box 5, folders 1-2) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Certificate, 2004 (box 5, folder 3) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Newsletters, 2000–2002 (box 5, folders 4-5) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Microfilm Copy of Early Genealogy of Davisson Family, undated (box 5, folders 6-7)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes an autobiography written by Russell L. Davisson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence from Governor Arch Moore to Davisson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes records regarding investigation into the welfare program of Mingo County. The files contain sworn depositions of those involved, contemporary newspaper accounts, and letters from other politicians concerning the controversy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes a photocopy of the work, \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes genealogical records pertaining specifically to Lost Creek, Harrison County, WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes inauguration invitations (Arch Moore and Richard Nixon), publications on various topics (including Richard Nixon's inauguration and election), and assorted correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes page proofs, manuscript excerpts, and other material pertaining to \"The Davissons\" by Russell L. Davisson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes assorted publications, including a copy of Richard Nixon's Presidential nomination acceptance speech, other political works, and various historical works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes postcards and pamphlets from a trip to China and a trip to Brussels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes maps of locations in the United States, Europe, and China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes political car plates and business cards from China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of assorted photographs, including a signed photograph of Russell L. Davisson and Richard Nixon, a portrait of Governor Cecil B. Underwood, and the Davisson Cemetary and other historical sites related to the Davisson family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of a Certificate of Appreciation from George Washington's Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of various issues of the newsletter, \"Mountain Messenger,\" and of the newsletter of the Washington County Genealogical Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes a copy of \"Early Genealogy of the Davisson Family\" on two microfilm reels.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Russell L. Davisson, a Republican member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates. Includes mostly genealogy records regarding the Davison, Davisson, and Davidson Families; also includes political correspondence with Governor Arch Moore (1967-1972) and material regarding the welfare system in Mingo County (1966-1967).","Series include:","Series 1. Biographical Information, 2005 (box 1, Folder 1a)  \nSeries 2. Political Correspondence, 1967–1972 (box 1, Folder 1b)  \nSeries 3. Welfare in Mingo County, 1966-1967 (box 1, folders 2-6)  \nSeries 4. Photocopy of \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison, 1982 (box 1, folders 7-10)  \nSeries 5. Genealogy Records A, 1916-1920, 1960-2004 (box 2; box 3, folders 1-18)  \nSeries 6. Genealogy Records B, 1835-1855, 1916-2003 (box 3, folders 19-47)  \nSeries 7. Genealogy Records C Lost Creek Series, 1907, 1952-1992 (box 3, folders 49-55)  \nSeries 8. Subject Files, 1850-1853, 1928-2004 (box 3, folders 56-100; box 4, folders 19-32b)  \nSeries 9. Book Manuscript \"The Davissons\" by Russel L. Davisson, 1992-1993, undated (box 4, folders 1-18)  \nSeries 10. Publications, 1942-1998, undated (box 4, folders 33-40b; box 6)  \nSeries 11. Travel, undated (box 4, folders 41-44)  \nSeries 12. Maps, 1940-1994, undated (box 4, folders 45-59)  \nSeries 13. Ephemera, 1972, undated (box 4, folders 60-61)  \nSeries 14. Photographs, 1966, 1986-1993 (box 4, folders 62-64; box 5, folders 1-2)  \nSeries 15. Certificate, 2004 (box 5, folder 3)  \nSeries 16. Newsletters, 2000–2002 (box 5, folders 4-5)  \nSeries 17. Microfilm Copy of Early Genealogy of Davisson Family, undated (box 5, folders 6-7)","This series includes an autobiography written by Russell L. Davisson.","This series includes correspondence from Governor Arch Moore to Davisson.","This series includes records regarding investigation into the welfare program of Mingo County. The files contain sworn depositions of those involved, contemporary newspaper accounts, and letters from other politicians concerning the controversy.","This series includes a photocopy of the work, \"History and Genealogy of Davison, Davisson, Davidson Families\" by Arthur Henry Davison.","This series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.","This series includes research records regarding Davisson Family genealogy research, including correspondence, photocopied documents, family histories, and genealogies.","This series includes genealogical records pertaining specifically to Lost Creek, Harrison County, WV.","This series includes inauguration invitations (Arch Moore and Richard Nixon), publications on various topics (including Richard Nixon's inauguration and election), and assorted correspondence.","This series includes page proofs, manuscript excerpts, and other material pertaining to \"The Davissons\" by Russell L. Davisson.","This series includes assorted publications, including a copy of Richard Nixon's Presidential nomination acceptance speech, other political works, and various historical works.","This series includes postcards and pamphlets from a trip to China and a trip to Brussels.","This series includes maps of locations in the United States, Europe, and China.","This series includes political car plates and business cards from China.","This series consists of assorted photographs, including a signed photograph of Russell L. Davisson and Richard Nixon, a portrait of Governor Cecil B. Underwood, and the Davisson Cemetary and other historical sites related to the Davisson family.","This series consists of a Certificate of Appreciation from George Washington's Mount Vernon.","This series consists of various issues of the newsletter, \"Mountain Messenger,\" and of the newsletter of the Washington County Genealogical Society.","This series includes a copy of \"Early Genealogy of the Davisson Family\" on two microfilm reels."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b58e0d0847733239cec6066aace5060d\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davison family - genealogy.","Davison family - Genealogy","Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Davison family - genealogy.","Davison family - Genealogy","Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"famname_ssim":["Davison family - genealogy.","Davison family - Genealogy"],"persname_ssim":["Davisson, Russell Lee, 1922-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":235,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:07:24.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1852_c06_c14"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157","viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157","viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,"],"text":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,","1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,","box 1","folder 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,","title_ssm":["1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,"],"title_tesim":["1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1920-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1-4 Showing relation of surface markings, sutures and blood-vessels of Meninges to one another ,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:50:48.709Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_7_resources_157.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/128880","title_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"title_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157"],"text":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157","The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","7 boxes with the dimensions of 4.5 inches x 3.5 inches x 10.5 inches","Collection is open to research.","Materials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library.","Since its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.","\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n","\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n","\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n","\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n","Processed by: Historical Collections Staff","This collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science.","\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n","Claude Moore Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"collection_ssim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. John Herr found the collection in a University of Virginia School of Medicine Anatomy Laboratory and transferred it to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library in 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["7 boxes with the dimensions of 4.5 inches x 3.5 inches x 10.5 inches"],"extent_ssm":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information for Anatomy Education at the University of Virginia","Historical Information for the Keystone View Company"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.","\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n","\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n","\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n","\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eProcessed by:\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHistorical Collections Staff\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Processed by: Historical Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides Collection, Accession #MS-55, Historical Collections, Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides Collection, Accession #MS-55, Historical Collections, Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"names_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:50:48.709Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"14th Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","14th Virginia Cavalry","box 41","folder 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"14th Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["14th Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["14th Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1864, 1970, 1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["14th Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":415,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#68","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c69"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"14th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","14th Virginia Infantry","box 41","folder 36"],"title_filing_ssi":"14th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["14th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["14th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1862, 1979-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["14th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":447,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 36"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#100","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c101"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"150-J-1--152-J-1","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda","World War II","Japanese Leaflets"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda","World War II","Japanese Leaflets"],"text":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda","World War II","Japanese Leaflets","150-J-1--152-J-1","English .","folder 239"],"title_filing_ssi":"150-J-1--152-J-1","title_ssm":["150-J-1--152-J-1"],"title_tesim":["150-J-1--152-J-1"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941/1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["150-J-1--152-J-1"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2072,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["folder 239"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#3/components#5/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1900-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231","O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda ","Journalism","This collection is open to research use.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection requires restoration or preservation. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","Some items have been removed from their appropriate folders and are located in oversize storage at the end of the series. Additionally, some books, magazines, and newspaper clippings are stored separately from the rest of the collection at this time. They are stored for the researcher's convenience and may be examined upon request.","Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.","Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","Items in this series relate to news and developments in communications sattelites. Riegel wrote a short article about their impact on mass media. His manuscripts along with correspondence, reports, and publications about communications satellites make up the bulk of this series. Some items of note include reports on the progress of Canada's Telesat system, Riegel's analysis of satellite communication, and Comsat and Intelesat reports from the early 1970's","Riegel discussed with over thirty correspondents over matters related to Communications Satellites and his academic article discussing the political barriers to satellite usage. Most correspondents provide suggestions to Riegel's article or explain how an academic journal they're associated with plans to use or not use his article.","Press releases in this subseries mostly come from the COMSAT, INTELSAT, and TELESAT corporations. These press releases give reports on the developments in the satellite industry, and the changes in stock values for these companies' shareholders.","Items in this subseries relate to pulbications from various sources refering to communications satellites. Items of note include: a Thesis titled, \"Defense Department's usage of Communications Satellites\" by Maurice Fliess from West Virginia University, annual COMSAT publications, and  a Canadian publication on the ᐊᓂᒃ (\"anik\" or little brother)satellite by TELESAT.","Items in this subseries consist of reports by government and independent organizations about communication satellites. The reports vary in focus, ranging from technical data to impending impact of satellites on public life. Items of note include the 1972 Aeronautics and Space Report of the President and the operating agreement between the United States and other nations regarding INTELSAT.","This subseries consists of Riegel's communication satellite article manuscripts. These manuscripts show the revisions Riegel made to his work.","Items in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.","Items in this series are relevant to the Dupont Awards, which were given to Television stations, Radiostations, and commentators who have contributed to the field in their performance on the air. Award winners received $1,000, and most used the money to fund a journalism scholarship. Within this series are correspondence between award winners, judges, the Dupont estate, Washington and Lee University, members of the Federal Communications Commission, public relations firms, and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the award winners and annual awards dinner, publications by the Dupont Awards foundation, and published statements by various awards winners. Some items and subjects of note include a draft of a couple of the physical awards, letters discussing the conclusion of Washington and Lee's Association with the awards in 1967, and some resumes of different journalists and  Judges' comments on various radio and television stations. Three scrapbooks are contained wtithin the collection, but are not in folders. They are listed in the appropriate sub-series. Major correspondents and speakers include: O. W. Riegel, FCC Chairman Rosel Hyde, and Jessie Ball Dupont.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials describing the removal of Washington and Lee University from the administration of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence, photos and cirtificates relating to types of awards given by institutions. Items of note include a small magazine of different award designs, correspondence over the dupont awards, and photographs of different awards.","Items in this subseries primarily consist of correspondence related to the design of a brochure for the Dupont Awards. As the Awards' curator, Riegel was responsible for the Awrds' presentation and outreach.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondents between Riegel and and individual reviewers the Dupont Awards. These letters consist of recommended radio stations  that people felt deserved the award for 1963.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the Dupont Awards dinner including photographs, ivitations, and RSVP's.","Items in this subseries consist of the financial documents Riegel dealt with for the Dupont Awards. Items of note include letters with the awards' finanical statements and individual bills for expenses.","Items in this subseries relate to forms used by the Dupont Awards committee. Some forms of note include blank radio station judging forms and form letters to nominees and participants.","Riegel's correspondence in this series is primarily between different awards administrators and judges. Riegel corresponded with approximately 320 different individauls within this subseries. Correspondents of note include Mrs. Dupont, Turner Catledge, and Sol Taishoff.","Items in this subseries relate to communications between the General Federation of Women's Clubs and Riegel as curator for the Dupont Awards. Most of the correspondence consists of requests by Riegel for the leadership of the G.F.W.C. to participate on the Committee of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the judging of various Television stations, radio stations, and commentators for the Dupont Awards. Included are some judges' comments on different stations and correspondence about evaluating stations.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the coverage of the Kennedy Assassination. The Dupont Awards foundation found it apporpriate to commemorate numerous stations for their detailed coverage of the event.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and various lettershops regarding the production of a mass qualtity of letters to individuals regarding the awards. Some letters focused on the errors by the lettershop businesses such as errors in the use of names, punctuation, and grammar.","Items in this subseries consist of lists of individuals based on association. Some of the lists of note in this subseries include a list of CBS correspondents, Dupont Award winners, and the Dupont Award Foundation Mailing List.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials published or sent by the National Association for Better Radio and Television. This organization sought to encourage quality programing for families and children. some items of note include a booklet of television programs with ratings and reviews and newsletters mentioning the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence  addressing various concerns individuals had with the awards. These problems ranged from the permission of including some materials in various nominee presentations to the eligibility of certain networks in the Dupont Awards.","Correspondence in this subseries focuses primarily on the manner in which the Awards were determined and given. There is extensive discussion between Haefele, Spackman, and Riegel about the Trustee's involvment in the selection of judges and giving awards. The Dupont foundation wanted to increase its influence on the awards process, while Riegel thought that the Awards should have more liberty to act on its own.","Items in this subseries consist of documents by the Dupont Awards Foundation that were issued or available to the public, including: the agreements between the Dupont Foundation and the Awards committee, annual programs and brochures, and descriptions of the awards.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence about spreading the awareness of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries relate to efforts by the Dupont Awards Foundation to capitalize on their public relations. A large part of correspondence is with the Public Relations office of Earle Palmer Brown.","Correspondence in this subseries consists of correspondence related to how some winners chose to use their prize money from the Dupont Awards to give a small scholarship to journalism majors at various universities.","This subseries focuses on the process determining a logo for the Dupont Awards including correspondence, images, and sketches.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the presentation of the Dupont Awards to their respective winners. Because of the annual nature of the award, material is sorted by year and then by content.","The items in this sub-series consist of miscellaeous materials that did not necessarily fit with the other groupings. Along with the files listed are two scrap-books of remarks made at the Dupont Awards Dinner.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series consist of and are related to O.W. Riegel's unpublished memoir \"Hacking It\". The first section of the series contains the most refined drafts of the Autobiography. Then there is correspondence between individuals who assited Riegel in drafting and editing his work. There are also several unrefined drafts of material, and a couple of artifacts and notes related to the Memoir. Housed separately from the rest of the collection, is one box of Newspaper clippings sorted by topic around different subjects Riegel's memoir addresses.","This subseries contains the most up-to-date version of Riegel's unpublished autobiography.","Correspondence in this subseries focuses on revisions of Riegel's memoirs and requests for information for Riegel to use in his writing.","Items in this subseries consist of various drafts on sections considered in the development of Riegel's Memoir. Topics range from his trip to the Virgin Islands, to his view of religion, and his year in Hungary after the conclusion of World War II.","Items in this subseries relate to Jane Riegel's materials that were stored with Riegel's autobiography. Oscar Riegel had Jane's journal bound and printed as a gift. These items are the scans and illustrations of her journal that were necessary to make his gift possible.","Items in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel took on various subjects related to his autobiography.","Items in this subseries consist of aspects of Riegel's autiobiography that have not yet been processed into the collection.","Items in the Journalism Department series are based in the time period when Riegel was a member and later director of the department. sub-sections of this series include correspondence within the department, course materials, department seminars, accreditiation discussions,the Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation, the maintenance of the department's library, and publicity related to the department and its faculty. some items of note include some student work for classes, including a project by Phillipe Labro, a cartoonist awards program with signatures from various cartoonists including Charles Shultz, and various surveys related to higher education and journalism.","As the department chair of Washington and Lee University's Journalism department, Riegel was responsible for its accreditation. This subseries consists of documents related to the accreditation status of Washington and Lee's Journalism department. The main agencies that Riegel worked with were the American Council on Education for Journalism, the American Association of Educators in Journalism, and the Association for Education in Journalism. Items are organized by year within each accreditation agency. Documents of note in this subseries include evaluation forms, correspondence about accreditation agency policy and goals, and annual accreditation reports.","Items in this subseries consist of letters between Riegel and over 550 correspondents related to Washington and Lee's Journalism program. Letters range in theme from inquiries about the program, job openings for journalism graudates, the Associated Press, the British Library, the American Association of Schools with Departments in Journalism, and others.","Items in this subseries relate to the courses within the Journalism Department which Riegel taught while at Washington and Lee University. Courses ranged in topic from public opinion to advertising to psychological warfare and propaganda. Most courses are sorted by order of sylabbi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other relevant materials to the course. The Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course also has a few student samples of a project where students were to make their own propaganda aimed at countries behind the Iron Curtain.","The Journalism 101 course focused on the principles of Journalism. Within this subseries are documents related to the course including syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials Riegel had that were relevant to the course.","Journalism 102 was a course that covered the principles of Journalism, and at times was a continuation of Journalism 101 to create a year long class. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes and other material Riegel had that was relevant to the course.","Riegel's public oppinion course focused on the purpose and manner of polling, specifically as a pulse of American Democracy. It elaborated on how to conduct polls and how they influence and  show the views of the public. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, lecutre notes, and other related materials.","Riegel's Literary Critism course focused on the purpose and manner in which one critiques a written work. Riegel emphasized the different critical theories by different reviewers and had students study reviewers and conduct their own reviews using the fundamentals taught in the course. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","The Journalism Department's Short Story Writing Course focused on the elements of a short story and its goal of portraying life as the author sees it from their own lens. within the course, students were expected to anaylze and uncover the principles of short story writing and apply them in their own works. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials related to the course.","The Principles of Advertising course covered basic elements of advertisements found in mass media sources. Items in this subseries consist of a course syllabus, quizzes, and exams.","The Journalism Department's course on communications law focused on the legal developments regarding the freedom of the press. Course topics ranged from copyright, to libel, to privacy, to climate, to the Freedom of Information Act, and courtroom procedures. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, extensive lecture notes sorted by topic, and extensive relevant materials related to the course.","The Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course covered how the media has been used to sway public opinion in a variety of settings. Students examined the methods the military, governments, intelligence agencies, international U.S. broadcasts, and other sources used in an attempt to persuade others to support their goals and causes. Items in ths subseries consist of student work on a couple of projects including a mock propaganda piece by Philippe Labro, course syllabi, class handouts and project rubrics, lecutre notes, and other materials related to the course.","The Public Relations course focused on the purposes of public relations and the various attitudes people hold towards the field. Students were tasked to analyze the goals of a person in a public relations position and to understand why some view it as a means for corruption while others see it as an essential part of any business, firm, or public figure. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","This advertising course focused on the principles and critical analysis of advertisements. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","The Editorial was a journalism department course that focused on the principles and practice of newspaper editorial writing. Students in the course were members of a hypothetical editorial board and were tasked to develop articles on a variety of topics. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","Items in this subseries consist of discussions between the Journalism Department and outside news industries about job availability and the desire for higher quality recruits. Riegel points the low quality towards a national issue of low incentives for high quality students in the Journalism field.","the Lee Editorial Award was a prize for what the award's judges thought was the best editorial in a given year based on nominations  by editors, newspapers, and publishers. Items in this subseries focus on informing the public about the award, statements by award winners, and the announcement of award winners.","The Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation was an institution that sought to share the history of Journalism at Washington and Lee through a variety of publications, news stories and events. Items of note in this subseries include a scrapbook of journalism department activites from the mid 1950s and small posters of different journalism department events on campus.","During Riegel's tenure as a professor, the Journalism Department kept its own library for students to use. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence and materials related to the library's everyday function.","Mass Media Booknotes was a publication that reported new publications related to mass media and communications. Items within this series consist of monthly reports on new journalism publications.","Publicity regarding the Journalism Department consists of articles in magazines, newspapers, and other media sources that highlight the department's activities. The bulk of items in this subseries consist of articles and press releases related to the Journalism department. Items of note include an article by Riegel titled \"The Muted Trumpet\" and a Spanish booklet about Nationalism and Communications.","Items in this subseries focus on the establishment and early years of WLUR. some events of note include problems with the radio antenna during installation, and program listings from early WLUR broadcasts.","This subseries consists of various seminars hosted by the Journalism department including a seminar on editorial writing and one on law in relation to the media. Items of note include the speeches of seminar speakers and seminar programs.","Items in this subseries are relevant to the journalism department, but do not relate to any of the other subseries. Items of note include a menu at a Sigma Delta Chi dinner, a chart comparing  faculty compensation at various universities during the 1970s and a large chart analyzing Virginia daily newspapers.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series pertain to Riegel's personal correspondence between himself and colleagues, friends, and family. Some material is related to or mentions his work, but the majority of the material is about his or other people's personal lives, opinions, and thoughts around world events.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series consist primarily of articles, bulletins, memos, and programs which are in reference to O.W. Riegel and his career achievements. The material spans the majority of his professional carreer and makes reference to his published works, acts as a staff member of Washington and Lee, and personal achievements. The publicity material is primarily newspaper clippings selected by Riegel himself.","Materials in this series consist of items Riegel acquired while traveling after World War II. Riegel went to several european nations during the Cold War including Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Italy, East Germany, Germany, and Britain. Throughout his journeys, Riegel retained numerous maps, brochures, publications, and pamphlets of places and events he attended.","This subseries concerns Riegel's correspondence during his travels in Eastern Europe and focuses primarily on upcoming european film festivals and catching up with friend and acquaintences while abroad.","Items in this subseries focus on the US in relation to Riegel's travel after World War II. some items of note include maps of San Francisco, CA and Madison, WI, assorted brochures from various city centers, and a couple of sketches.","This subseries consists of  iteme Riegel acquired during his international travel. Most items are from Eastern Europe, but there are a couple of items from Western Europe and a publication from Australia.","Items in this subseries consist of pamphlets and brochures related to Riegel's travels throughout Europe. some publications of note include lodging brochures from Bulgaria and Romania and hungarian recreational brochures.","Items in this subseries consist of the  receipts and charges Riegel kept from his travels in europe.","This subseries consists of maps of various european countries that Riegel traveled through.","Items in this subseries were the personal affects of Oscar Riegel in relation to his post-war European travel. Some items of note include his travel diary and a diary by \"Dee\", and press membership identification.","Items in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel prior to and during his trip to Eastern Europe. One item of note is a German quiz he took prior to his departure.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","The items in this series relate to two major projects Riegel conducted in Europe between 1950 and 1952. The first one focused on public opinion in West Germany on a variety of topics, but emphasised government and politics in particular. This project was conducted with assitance in the form of a grant, stipend, and paid travel by the State Departnment. The second project, through Princeton University, focused on the impact of the cross cultural exchange program between Belgium and the United States, with the goal of understanding the opinion Belgians had of the United States after going through the program and then returning to their home country. Contents in this series include: Survey materials from both projects, information on participants in the Belgium study, publications Riegel kept from his time in Europe, his notes on the projects, and financial papers relevant to the projects.","Items in this subseries focus on the West German Cultural Exchange program and its impact on its  participants. Items of note include samples of questionaires and surveys and maps of parts of West Germany.","Riegel conducted a study surveying belgians who participated in an educational exchange program with the United States, trying to answer whether educational exchange programs affect the participant's perception of the country they visited in the long term. This subseries contains materials related to that study including questionnaires, correspondents, data on participants, and publications.","Correspondents with Riegel in regards to his Belgium study often focused on the study's contents, findings, and were curious about its implications. Riegel corresponded with approximately 70 different individuals and wrote often to his family while in Belgium.","This subseries consists of materials related to every participant in Riegel's study of Belgium's cultural exchange program. Each person's listing has some responses to questions and occasionally some correspondence.","Publications in this part of the collection focus on the effects and status of cultural exchange programs with the United States. Items of note in this subseries include a Belgian professor's analysis of Columbia University's geology courses from the 1920s, and statements by the state department about educational exchange programs.","This subseries consists of materials that were issued to spread the recognition and outreach of Riegel's study in Belgium. The majority of items are press releases informing individuals how they can participate and for participants to follow through with their questionnaires.","This subseries consists of materials that were essential to Riegel's survey. Items of note in this subseries include Riegel's project proposal, sample questionnaires and instructions to participants and project assistants.","Riegel published a monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos, in 1934. In it he examined and explored the impact and importance of the use of propaganda in the contemporary world. He effectively explored the use of propaganda in nations such as pre-War Germany and its role in the rise of National Socialism and Adolf Hitler. This series contains material related to the publishing of the book, Mobilizing for Chaos. These materials primarily consist of book reviews, advertisements, and articles about Riegel's role in its creation.","Items in this series are relevant to O. W. Riegel's involvement with propaganda materials from World War I through the Vietnam War. Within this series are correspondence between Riegel and his co-workers at the Office of War information, a variety of war leaflets, war themed news letters, foreign magazines, ephemeral propaganda materials, a few posters, Viet Cong banners, and German Newspapers. Some items and subjects of note include Hand made propaganda from the Viet Cong, A book of official japanese war leaflets, records from the Office of War Information, and pictoral records of the Spanish Civil War and the Second Sino Japanese War.","Items in this subseries are relevant to the World War I era, and include Newspapers about the war, printed in 1914 and reprinted in the 1930's, Notes by Riegel about foreign and domestic propagada agencies, Photos of war figures and events with captions, and publications about the press and propaganda during the war.","Th inter-war period subseries consists primarily of reports and publications from both the federal government and the private sector. Both of these groups focus heavily on propaganda, often comparing 1930s propaganda to propaganda during World War I. There is also some emphasis on the New Deal programs and their impact on the press and individual freedoms. Foreign Newspapers in this subseries tend to focus on Germany's shift to fascism and its implications. Also included in this subseries, are Riegel's own notes on these subjects mixed with brief personal comments related to his work.","Items in this subseries consist of foreign press publications during the inter-war period. Newpapers and clippings are in French and German, and from the early 1930s.","Goverment publications in this collection consist primarily of bills presented to congress, pages from the congressional record, and other sources oriented primarily around the use of the press prior to World War II.","Government reports in this sub-series are issued often by executive agencies and are oriented around the press, propaganda, and considered regulation thereof. Reports include a discussion by the FCC over the \"War of the Worlds Radio Broadcast\", A report on Radio Broadcasting for Senator Burton Wheeler, and an agreement of journalistic standards by the Pan-American Congress of Journalists.","Newspapers in this sub-series focus on World War I propaganda, developments on Europe prior to the second World War, and Freedom of the Press.","Riegel's notes from the Inter-war period focus on various journalism related topics, including: Telegraph cable, the politics of international press, the New Deal and Advertising, and other personal notes about his work.","Press releases in this subseries address a variety of international and foreign relations topics such as the British Palestine mandate, the self-determination of the Saar Region, both pro and anti German perspectives on the national socialist government, and those who benefit from war.","The publications in the Riegel papers from the interwar period show the shift in American focus from the economy to international relations from the early 1930s to 1939. The early publications focus on the impact of New Deal programs with only some regard to events outside the U.S. Publications from the late 1930s have a heavily international perspective with pictoral booklets of the atrocities in the second Sino-Japanese war, and threats of German fascism. Academic articles relate to the press, particularly in China, but also from a global perspective, Modern propaganda techniques, and international relations. Finally, there is a sampling of newsletters focusing on the same topics from various perspectives.","Items in this subseries related to the Spanish Civil War primarily consist of propaganda leaflets and publications on both sides of the conflict, highlighting the opposing sides' atrocities and how they will ensure the values and freedom of the Spanish people.","Items in this subseries are related to the World War II era in both of the main theaters of war. Some items of note include propaganda leaflets in a variety of languages including German and Japanese, documents from various government agencies including the Office of War Information, and some ephemeral materials used as propaganda during the war.","Riegel's corresepondence in this series primarily relates to those he worked and interacted with during his time with the Office of War information. One topic of particular interest to Riegel was the \"Strzetelski Affair\" which focused on the contested censorship of a Polish news agency and their description of troop position in the eastern front.","Riegel's collection of domestic propaganda during the second World War highlighted appeals to the working class by the Germans to stand against \"big business\" interests, and the pro-peace movement primarily through a series of drawings by Pola Clair.","European propaganda leaflets, in Riegel's collection, show the various appeals by different groups to persuade the enemy to surrender. While most of the leaflets are addressing a German audience, there are some in Hungarian, Polish, and Arabic aiming to persuade at least a tacit support for the allies. The leaflets are sorted based on their identification number often found on one of the corners of the leaflet.","O.W. \"Tom\" Riegel's copy of an official \"confidential\" binder distributed to staff of the United States Office of War Information detailing propaganda objectives for the Mediterranean region of Europe for 1944, specifically the countries of Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Yugoslavia, Italy, and Hungary.","Includes a pamphlet titled \"Footprints of the Trojan Horse, Some methods used by foreign agents within the United States\" and \"Hitler's Words and Hitler's Deeds\" printed in England. This illustrated wartime pamphlet introduces the reader to the Nazi theory of propaganda and details Hitler and the Nazi regime's methods and examples of deceipt.","These newsletters were disseminated by allied forces to citizens of liberated countries. These newsletters, ranging from Dutch to Flemish to French often described events on the front lines and encouraged readers to support the war effort.","Riegel's collection of government reports center around the effectiveness in developing and implementing propaganda addressed to the Axis powers and neutral and liberated countries. Reports tend to focus on one aspect of propaganda ranging from understanding the target audiences culture, to forms of counterpropaganda used by enemy forces.","Reports by the Board of Economic Warfare were periodically issued detailing the economic situations of various parts of the world and their relation to the front lines. This gave allied forces an idea of available resources for themselves and their enemies looking forward.","The Board of Overseas publication analyzed published issues in other countries, aiming to understand the literary and media culture of different nations to improve propaganda efforts. Some analysis includes reports on Japanese war songs and european perspectives on American elections.","The Bureau of Public Relations focused on ensuring positive relations with neutral and liberated countries during the war effort. Some of its material, found in this sub-series include Public Relations officer guidelines and foreign censorship codes.","Segments from the congressional record found in this subseries focuses on the mobilization and deployment of troops between 1939 and 1945.","Riegel maintained a collection of documents from the Coordinator of Information office. These documents pertained to ongoing events in the second World War and their relation to propaganda. Some documents focus on the handling of news and claims by the Axis powers, the surrender of a british fleet to the Japandese, and the presence of allied forces near Singapore.","Riegel's items from the Federal Communications Commission primarily relate to its reports on radio broadcasts. Included in their reports are recommendations for foreign radio propaganda, and their prioritization of national defence in their own decisions.","Riegel's documents related to the Office of Control highlight the emphasis on censoring foreign media to ensure support of the allied troops. some items of note include breif correspondence related to the censorship of individual broadcasts due to lack of documentation, and periodic reports of the publications of various radio broadcasts.","The Office of Public Opinion Research focused on the public mood of various events during the war. Some items in this subseries include an analysis of public opinion as it relates to FDR's public talks and speeches, and public opinion of naval war policy.","Riegel worked with the Office of War Information durring the Second World War. His role was to provide guidance, analysis, and propose various forms of propaganda to use against enemy forces and to persuade potentially friendly neutrals. Items in this subseries are heavily related to these subjects and report on the successes and failures of implemented propaganda.","The Outpost Services Bureau provided support to govenrment agencies in ensuring their ability to function via connecting them with lines of communication and providing support when necessary. They created monthly progress reports of various outpost stations reporting the status of these stations and their effectiveness.","Items from the Psychological Warfare Branch focus on the impact of propaganda and counter propaganda on the target audeinces. Reports in this subseries include an analysis of propaganda upon French citizens, and a booklet on the functions of the 5th Army propaganda team.","Riegel's items from the state department primarily relate to the status of various areas in the front lines of the second World War. Some documents in this subseries inculde a description of the status of press and radio in Vichy France, and Chiang Kai Shek's perspective on the Japanese war front.","The two documents in the Radio Conference of Cairo subseries are full text copies of the radio agreements describing acceptable and unlawful use of the radio in attempts to influence populations beyond a nation's borders.","Documents in this subseries detail the efforts made by the USIS to inform foreign peoples about the United States and its values through various publications. Some examples in this subseries include the report of the effectiveness of an Italian agazine and guidelines for foreign magazine publications.","Includes a small bound illustrated pamphlet published by the United States War Department in 1944 and titled \"What is Propaganda\". It is a \"War Department Educational Manual - EM-2 of the GI Roundatable Series.\" The cover of the pamphlet shows the cartoon character Donald Duck speaking into a microphone.","Riegel's collection of Japanese leaflets consist of two aspects: US made leaflets issued to the Japanese and Japanese made leaflets issued to the U.S. Both use persuasive techniques to convince soliders to surrender or cease fighting, showing there is greater value in being at home than on the front lines. U.S. propaganda tended to appeal to the futility of the Japanese effort, showing  how U.S. progress was steady in spite of their resistance. Japanese propaganda tended to emphasize that the profits of the war were directed to a non-fighting elite, and that family members would prefer the soldier's presence at home  to their death at war. The leaflets are sorted by their identification numbers found on one of the leaflet's corners.","This folder consists of multiple published items including part one of a two part volume published by the United States Pacific Fleet on the methods of psychological warfare against Japan with a focus on propaganda leaflet usage. The Washington Post publication also includes in its title, \"the story of the secret weapon which had Japan ready to yield thirteen days before the atomic bomb struck Hiroshima.\"","This volume consists of a compilation of approximately ninety-five propaganda leaflets created for the Unites States military's Pacific Theater of Operations. Incuded with each leaflet is an accompany information form that includes purpose, text, format, general comments, and someitmes the specific location for he leaflet's use.","Riegel kept assorted notes about a variety of topics including the Camera Club at Washington and Lee, Descriptions for his future autobiography, political details in Mexican History, and information related to coworkers, staff, and events during his time at the Office of War Information.","Items in this subseries were the personal belongings of Oscar Riegel after the second World War. Some items include his material as an official air raid warden, in the event of a domestic air raid,  financial statements on purchases, war ration books, and programs from events he attended.","Press releases in this subseries give a description of headlines during the Second World War. Topics of note include Hitler's invasion of Poland, the Psychological effect of paratroopers, and the Finnish impact on the Eastern Front.","Publications in this subseries tend to focus on propaganda analysis, the warfront, and radio communications. Some items of note in this subseries include the code of the National Association of Broadcasters and commentary on the Bill of Rights.","This subseries containes unique items of the time period that distinguish it from other eras. Some interesting items of note include candy wrappers with U.S. army propaganda, an assortment of pro U.S. booklets in various languages, shoe lace packaging depicting the hanging of Hitler and Mossolini, and a hitler/Tojo pin cushion.","Materials in this subseries relate to the Cold War era. Most items focus on communication from the U.S. to its citizens and foreign countries to gain support over Russia in the Cold War. Additionally, there are a few items from foreign nations aimed at U.S. audiences. Some items of note include some Russian Magazines, Chinese Magazines, and publications related to the United States Information Agency.","This subseries consists of Riegel's correspondence related to the Cold War. It focuses mostly on specific events during the Cold War and the reach of government concerning foreign and domestic media and speech.","This subseries consists of material made by foreign govenrments, mostly with the intent to reach an American audience. Some items of note include magazines from the Polish government, Russian Magazines, and a booklet about developing countries and the Soviet Bloc.","This subseries focuses on material the U.S. and foreign governments produced for American citizens, often in the form of reports and booklets. Some items of note include a report on the U.S. international cultural program and \"Telling America's Story Abroad\" by the State Department.","This subseries consists of a small assortment of clod war era newspapers hihglighting various events related to the cold war effort. Articles include international U.S. radio presence, the US information service's efforts, and international relations.","This subseries consists of press releases of events throughout the Cold War. These press releases come from several sources, most of them being from the U.S. Information Agency. There are also press releases from the Japan Detachment of Broadcasting and Visual Activities and the State Department.","This subseies contains publications from a variety of sources. Often in the form of booklets or magazines, topics vary, but most focus on the effects of propaganda and the Cold War. Some booklets of note include one on Germany's territorial shifts after the second World War, and a booklet on  the efforts of Christian Trade Unions to combat the spread of Communism.","These radio scripts were intended to inform the American public in areas both related and unrelated to the Cold war. Script topics ranged from \"The Secret of American Prosperity\" to \"Coronary Thrombosis\".","The U.S. Information Agency sought to spread international awareness of U.S. values and culture to second and third world countries during the Cold War. Items in this subseries consist of programs, reports, briefings, newsletters, memorandums, and charts that conveyed how the agency operated internationally.","Items in this subseries relate to the Korean war, and mostly from an American perspective. Most of the items are propaganda leaflets, aiming to encourage Korean support of American troops. Some items of note include a booklet of alleged U.S. war crimes during the war, a booklet about war P.O.W.'s, and copies of anti-U.S. propaganda.","Items in this subseries are strictly Korean war propaganda that was intended for Korean citizens. Nearly all items in this subseries are in Korean and have an english description or translation attached with the goals of what the propaganda was supposed to evoke from the reader.","This folder includes Communist Chinese printed propoganda magazines for an English speaking audience : \"United Nations Prisoners in Korea,\" \"China Reconstructs,\" and two editions of \"People's China\"","A 1950 Japanese magazine, \"Silver Bell,\" for children and/or young adults - printed by the Hiroshima Publishing Company; a Second World War era Prisoner of War questionnare, and an American propoganda magazine in Chinese titled \"Free World\" magazine published for Asian coutries about the Unites States and \"Free\" Asian countries.","The Committee on Vietnam was a local organization in Lexington and Rockbridge County formed in opposition to the war effort. Riegel was a member of the Committee. This subseries consists of notes Riegel took of meetings and comments made by Committee members.","Riegel's correspondence related to the Vietnam war often focused on his hope in the ceasing of hostilities. Many letters are to congressmen, and other high ranking government officials. Included in this subseries are also a few letters from Riegel to President Johnson regarding the Vietnam War.","The government publications regarding the Vietnam War in Riegel's papers focus on the nature of war propaganda and the status of combatant strategy and techniques as the war progressed.","Items in this subseries consist of Riegel's notes about government events related to propaganda and public opinion in relation to the Vietnam War. These informal notes document events, such as National Liberation Front propaganda drives.","Items in this subseries relate to published or disseminated to the public referencing the Vietnam War. Items of note include a petition to end the war, a voter's pledge to support anti-war candidates, and booklets and magazines related to the war effort.","Items in this subseries are the oversize materials coming from other parts of the Propaganda series. Within this subseries are magazines and posters from the Cold War and the Vietnam War. Additionally, there is a 1:15000 road map of Hannover, Germany.","Items in this subseries consist of government reports related to the office of war information. they have some damaged and require creating a scan to ensure further damage is prevented.","Items in this subseries have not yet been processed into the collection. Materials range from the Inter-War period to the Cold War.","This series consists of items related to Riegel's work with the Public Opinion Quarterly, an academic journal that focuses on forms of media and their effects on the public, primarily via Radio, the Press, and Movies. The bulk of material in this series consists of correspondence between Riegel, editors for the Public Opinion Quarterly, and prospective article writers.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Communications was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the communications section of the journal.","This subseries consists of general correspondence between Riegel and approximately 160 correspondents on various topics relating to the Public Opinion Quarterly (POQ). Subjects include anticipated articles for the POQ, Events affecting the POQ, and the POQ's structure.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Movies was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the movies section of the journal.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Press was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the press section of the journal.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Radio was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the radio section of the journal.","Items in this series are relevant to the Southern Interscholastic Press Association. Within this series are correspondence between speakers for the conventions and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the annual convention, SIPA programs, Quill and Scroll Banquet artifacts, and speech excerpts from the various speakers. Some items and subjects of note include correspondence regarding the permission of black delegates during the process of desegregation, a scrapbook of events during the 1959 SIPA convention, a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll Banquet, and a penant commemorating the SIPA conference. Major correspondents and speakers include: Cartoonists Ken Bald and John Mendelsohn, Congressman John Moss, James P. Warburg, Ferdinand Kuhn, and Abe Jones.","this subseries focuses on the winners of various awards over the years of the SIPA conference at Washington and Lee University. Most items consist of list of winners and press releases.","Items in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.","Items in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.","Items in the folder consist of lists of seating charts for the front table at the SIPA Awards Luncheons","Items in the folder consist of annual lists of attendies who were to receive complementary accomodations to certain SIPA events.","This box of correspondence contains the only topical correspondence folder in the series, highlighting letters written that centered around the issues of desegregation and the contested permission of black delegates to SIPA. Afterwards, correspondence is alphabetical. Several renowned figures collaborated with O.W. Riegel by hosting their own sessions at the SIPA conference. Some of these figures include cartoonists Kenneth Bald and Douglas Borgstedt. Washington and Lee presidents Fred Cole and Francis Gaines are also included in this part of the collection.","Riegel corresponded with approximately 200 individuals reagarding events and issues with SIPA. This subseries contains correspondence with all individuals with last names beginning with K or later.","The contents in this box consist of photographs of SIPA events, news publications about SIPA, a few high school newspapers submitted to the SIPA competition, financial documents, executive committee notes, the SIPA constitution and bylaws, and samples from SIPA's annual current events quiz. Some items of note include a 1937 satirical edition of Thomas Jefferson High School's student newspaper,  The Jeffster , and photographs of the SIPA Awards banquet from 1953 and 1955.","Items in this sub-series consist of speeches and speech excerpts by various  SIPA conference speakers, and programs for the SIPA conference from 1930-1968, along with a few programs from the 1980's and 1991. Some of the speeches are stored in smaller boxes because they are printed on index cards. Additionally, there is a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll banquet, housed in this sub-series in order to save space.","The contents in this sub-series consist of  artifacts from the Quill and Scroll Banquets, SIPA delegate registration instructions, the lodging needs of SIPA speakers, materials given to Riegel by speakers, additional instructions to staff, and miscellaneous items in the SIPA series. Some objects of note include a SIPA penant with Washington and Lee enscribed on it, A scrapbook of the events from SIPA in 1959, and Admission tickets to the 1954 SIPA events.","Items in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.","Items in this series relate to Virginia Democratic Politics from the early 1970s to the early 1980s. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee and attended the Virginia State Democratic Convention. His records include political correspondence between congressman Olin, delegate Davis, other local candidates, and party members.","Alice Rabe was a candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates seat representing Rockbridge County, Lexington, Buena Vista, Bedford County and the city of Bedford. Riegel gave advice and support for Alice in her campaign. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and Rabe, campaign materials, such as planned ads, and clippings relevant to the campaign.","Congressman Butler represented Virginia's 6th Congressional District. Within this subseries is a series of correspondence mostly from Riegel on various political topics. Most of Butler's correspondence consists of his periodic newsletters to his constituents.","Riegel's political correspondence within Virginia consists of over 20 correspondents, primarily on the topic of campaigns and elections. Some correspondents include former House of Delegates member Jim Davis, Delegate candidate Sprong, and democratic party officials.","Jim Olin was the congressional representative of Virginia's 6th district after Cadwell Butler. This subseries consists of correspondence between Riegel and the Congressman. The main topics discussed are funding for the \"MX Missle\" and issues over Olin's congressional fundraising operation in the mid to late 1980s.","This subseries consists of correspondence by county democratic officials to local democratic party members concerning campaign actions and fundraising. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","After World War II, Riegel worked as a U.S. diplomat in Hungary. This subseries consists of items related to his time there. Items of note include his diplomatic ID, hungarian currency, hungarian newspapers and magazines, Monthly reports on his work in Hungary, and detailed notes on events he experienced while there.","Riegel was an avid collector of film related material, particularly from European sources. During his travels in Europe, Riegel attended numerous film festivals and kept materials from a variety of films. Additionally, he taught a course on motion picture and there are numerous items related to that course. Items of note include publications from an international film festival in Czechoslovakia, Film Festival attendance buttons, samples of film with descriptions of how film is used in the motion picture, and student work from Riegel's motion picture course he taught at Washington and Lee University.","The rest of the collection is still being processed. We anticipate additional series' to be added to the collection upon their completion. Some anticipated series include: Film, Riegel's early life, Pre-War Travel, Early Academic Work (undergrad and grad school, Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory, Communications Institutions (such as the International Association of Mass Communication Research), The Science Service, and Riegel's East-Germany Survey.","There is one small box of assorted Newspaper Clippings related to Communication Sattelites, sorted by date (1962-1974) towards the end of the collection.","This subseries consists of materials printed for the public that Riegel kept from his travels abroad. Some items of note include US embassy guides to Bucharest, Romania and Sofia, Bulgaria, and some magazines from Romania and Poland.","Some items from this subseries have been separated from the main collection of materials and have been placed into the propaganda series oversize storage.","Items in this subseries focus primarily on public opinion and propaganda related to the Vietnam war. Items of note include propaganda leaflets, notes by anti-war committees, letters written to government officials about the war, and petitions to end the war. Some items are stored separately due to their size. Some war posters and pro-Viet Cong banners are in oversize storage.","The leaflets in this subseries are targeted towards a Vietnamese audience. Each leaflet has an english description or translation of its content, reasoning for its use, and the intended reaction that should be evoked by the reader. Larger items are not stored with this subseries, but rather in oversize storage, mainly consisting of posters and pro-Viet Cong war banners.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"normalized_title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creators_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection requires restoration or preservation. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research use.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection requires restoration or preservation. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information.","This part of the collection is not yet processed. Use of the collection is granted on a case by case basis. Please contact the Head of Special Collections at 540-458-8649 for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items have been removed from their appropriate folders and are located in oversize storage at the end of the series. Additionally, some books, magazines, and newspaper clippings are stored separately from the rest of the collection at this time. They are stored for the researcher's convenience and may be examined upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Some items have been removed from their appropriate folders and are located in oversize storage at the end of the series. Additionally, some books, magazines, and newspaper clippings are stored separately from the rest of the collection at this time. They are stored for the researcher's convenience and may be examined upon request."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRiegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. \u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.  In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHighlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series relate to news and developments in communications sattelites. Riegel wrote a short article about their impact on mass media. His manuscripts along with correspondence, reports, and publications about communications satellites make up the bulk of this series. Some items of note include reports on the progress of Canada's Telesat system, Riegel's analysis of satellite communication, and Comsat and Intelesat reports from the early 1970's\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel discussed with over thirty correspondents over matters related to Communications Satellites and his academic article discussing the political barriers to satellite usage. Most correspondents provide suggestions to Riegel's article or explain how an academic journal they're associated with plans to use or not use his article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress releases in this subseries mostly come from the COMSAT, INTELSAT, and TELESAT corporations. These press releases give reports on the developments in the satellite industry, and the changes in stock values for these companies' shareholders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to pulbications from various sources refering to communications satellites. Items of note include: a Thesis titled, \"Defense Department's usage of Communications Satellites\" by Maurice Fliess from West Virginia University, annual COMSAT publications, and  a Canadian publication on the ᐊᓂᒃ (\"anik\" or little brother)satellite by TELESAT.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of reports by government and independent organizations about communication satellites. The reports vary in focus, ranging from technical data to impending impact of satellites on public life. Items of note include the 1972 Aeronautics and Space Report of the President and the operating agreement between the United States and other nations regarding INTELSAT.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of Riegel's communication satellite article manuscripts. These manuscripts show the revisions Riegel made to his work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series are relevant to the Dupont Awards, which were given to Television stations, Radiostations, and commentators who have contributed to the field in their performance on the air. Award winners received $1,000, and most used the money to fund a journalism scholarship. Within this series are correspondence between award winners, judges, the Dupont estate, Washington and Lee University, members of the Federal Communications Commission, public relations firms, and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the award winners and annual awards dinner, publications by the Dupont Awards foundation, and published statements by various awards winners. Some items and subjects of note include a draft of a couple of the physical awards, letters discussing the conclusion of Washington and Lee's Association with the awards in 1967, and some resumes of different journalists and  Judges' comments on various radio and television stations. Three scrapbooks are contained wtithin the collection, but are not in folders. They are listed in the appropriate sub-series. Major correspondents and speakers include: O. W. Riegel, FCC Chairman Rosel Hyde, and Jessie Ball Dupont.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials describing the removal of Washington and Lee University from the administration of the Dupont Awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of correspondence, photos and cirtificates relating to types of awards given by institutions. Items of note include a small magazine of different award designs, correspondence over the dupont awards, and photographs of different awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries primarily consist of correspondence related to the design of a brochure for the Dupont Awards. As the Awards' curator, Riegel was responsible for the Awrds' presentation and outreach.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of correspondents between Riegel and and individual reviewers the Dupont Awards. These letters consist of recommended radio stations  that people felt deserved the award for 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials related to the Dupont Awards dinner including photographs, ivitations, and RSVP's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of the financial documents Riegel dealt with for the Dupont Awards. Items of note include letters with the awards' finanical statements and individual bills for expenses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to forms used by the Dupont Awards committee. Some forms of note include blank radio station judging forms and form letters to nominees and participants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's correspondence in this series is primarily between different awards administrators and judges. Riegel corresponded with approximately 320 different individauls within this subseries. Correspondents of note include Mrs. Dupont, Turner Catledge, and Sol Taishoff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to communications between the General Federation of Women's Clubs and Riegel as curator for the Dupont Awards. Most of the correspondence consists of requests by Riegel for the leadership of the G.F.W.C. to participate on the Committee of the Dupont Awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials related to the judging of various Television stations, radio stations, and commentators for the Dupont Awards. Included are some judges' comments on different stations and correspondence about evaluating stations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials related to the coverage of the Kennedy Assassination. The Dupont Awards foundation found it apporpriate to commemorate numerous stations for their detailed coverage of the event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and various lettershops regarding the production of a mass qualtity of letters to individuals regarding the awards. Some letters focused on the errors by the lettershop businesses such as errors in the use of names, punctuation, and grammar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of lists of individuals based on association. Some of the lists of note in this subseries include a list of CBS correspondents, Dupont Award winners, and the Dupont Award Foundation Mailing List.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials published or sent by the National Association for Better Radio and Television. This organization sought to encourage quality programing for families and children. some items of note include a booklet of television programs with ratings and reviews and newsletters mentioning the Dupont Awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence  addressing various concerns individuals had with the awards. These problems ranged from the permission of including some materials in various nominee presentations to the eligibility of certain networks in the Dupont Awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in this subseries focuses primarily on the manner in which the Awards were determined and given. There is extensive discussion between Haefele, Spackman, and Riegel about the Trustee's involvment in the selection of judges and giving awards. The Dupont foundation wanted to increase its influence on the awards process, while Riegel thought that the Awards should have more liberty to act on its own.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of documents by the Dupont Awards Foundation that were issued or available to the public, including: the agreements between the Dupont Foundation and the Awards committee, annual programs and brochures, and descriptions of the awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of correspondence about spreading the awareness of the Dupont Awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to efforts by the Dupont Awards Foundation to capitalize on their public relations. A large part of correspondence is with the Public Relations office of Earle Palmer Brown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in this subseries consists of correspondence related to how some winners chose to use their prize money from the Dupont Awards to give a small scholarship to journalism majors at various universities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries focuses on the process determining a logo for the Dupont Awards including correspondence, images, and sketches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of materials related to the presentation of the Dupont Awards to their respective winners. Because of the annual nature of the award, material is sorted by year and then by content.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe items in this sub-series consist of miscellaeous materials that did not necessarily fit with the other groupings. Along with the files listed are two scrap-books of remarks made at the Dupont Awards Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series consist of and are related to O.W. Riegel's unpublished memoir \"Hacking It\". The first section of the series contains the most refined drafts of the Autobiography. Then there is correspondence between individuals who assited Riegel in drafting and editing his work. There are also several unrefined drafts of material, and a couple of artifacts and notes related to the Memoir. Housed separately from the rest of the collection, is one box of Newspaper clippings sorted by topic around different subjects Riegel's memoir addresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains the most up-to-date version of Riegel's unpublished autobiography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in this subseries focuses on revisions of Riegel's memoirs and requests for information for Riegel to use in his writing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of various drafts on sections considered in the development of Riegel's Memoir. Topics range from his trip to the Virgin Islands, to his view of religion, and his year in Hungary after the conclusion of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to Jane Riegel's materials that were stored with Riegel's autobiography. Oscar Riegel had Jane's journal bound and printed as a gift. These items are the scans and illustrations of her journal that were necessary to make his gift possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel took on various subjects related to his autobiography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of aspects of Riegel's autiobiography that have not yet been processed into the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in the Journalism Department series are based in the time period when Riegel was a member and later director of the department. sub-sections of this series include correspondence within the department, course materials, department seminars, accreditiation discussions,the Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation, the maintenance of the department's library, and publicity related to the department and its faculty. some items of note include some student work for classes, including a project by Phillipe Labro, a cartoonist awards program with signatures from various cartoonists including Charles Shultz, and various surveys related to higher education and journalism.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs the department chair of Washington and Lee University's Journalism department, Riegel was responsible for its accreditation. This subseries consists of documents related to the accreditation status of Washington and Lee's Journalism department. The main agencies that Riegel worked with were the American Council on Education for Journalism, the American Association of Educators in Journalism, and the Association for Education in Journalism. Items are organized by year within each accreditation agency. Documents of note in this subseries include evaluation forms, correspondence about accreditation agency policy and goals, and annual accreditation reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of letters between Riegel and over 550 correspondents related to Washington and Lee's Journalism program. Letters range in theme from inquiries about the program, job openings for journalism graudates, the Associated Press, the British Library, the American Association of Schools with Departments in Journalism, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to the courses within the Journalism Department which Riegel taught while at Washington and Lee University. Courses ranged in topic from public opinion to advertising to psychological warfare and propaganda. Most courses are sorted by order of sylabbi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other relevant materials to the course. The Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course also has a few student samples of a project where students were to make their own propaganda aimed at countries behind the Iron Curtain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Journalism 101 course focused on the principles of Journalism. Within this subseries are documents related to the course including syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials Riegel had that were relevant to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJournalism 102 was a course that covered the principles of Journalism, and at times was a continuation of Journalism 101 to create a year long class. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes and other material Riegel had that was relevant to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's public oppinion course focused on the purpose and manner of polling, specifically as a pulse of American Democracy. It elaborated on how to conduct polls and how they influence and  show the views of the public. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, lecutre notes, and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's Literary Critism course focused on the purpose and manner in which one critiques a written work. Riegel emphasized the different critical theories by different reviewers and had students study reviewers and conduct their own reviews using the fundamentals taught in the course. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Journalism Department's Short Story Writing Course focused on the elements of a short story and its goal of portraying life as the author sees it from their own lens. within the course, students were expected to anaylze and uncover the principles of short story writing and apply them in their own works. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Principles of Advertising course covered basic elements of advertisements found in mass media sources. Items in this subseries consist of a course syllabus, quizzes, and exams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Journalism Department's course on communications law focused on the legal developments regarding the freedom of the press. Course topics ranged from copyright, to libel, to privacy, to climate, to the Freedom of Information Act, and courtroom procedures. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, extensive lecture notes sorted by topic, and extensive relevant materials related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course covered how the media has been used to sway public opinion in a variety of settings. Students examined the methods the military, governments, intelligence agencies, international U.S. broadcasts, and other sources used in an attempt to persuade others to support their goals and causes. Items in ths subseries consist of student work on a couple of projects including a mock propaganda piece by Philippe Labro, course syllabi, class handouts and project rubrics, lecutre notes, and other materials related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Public Relations course focused on the purposes of public relations and the various attitudes people hold towards the field. Students were tasked to analyze the goals of a person in a public relations position and to understand why some view it as a means for corruption while others see it as an essential part of any business, firm, or public figure. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis advertising course focused on the principles and critical analysis of advertisements. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Editorial was a journalism department course that focused on the principles and practice of newspaper editorial writing. Students in the course were members of a hypothetical editorial board and were tasked to develop articles on a variety of topics. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of discussions between the Journalism Department and outside news industries about job availability and the desire for higher quality recruits. Riegel points the low quality towards a national issue of low incentives for high quality students in the Journalism field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethe Lee Editorial Award was a prize for what the award's judges thought was the best editorial in a given year based on nominations  by editors, newspapers, and publishers. Items in this subseries focus on informing the public about the award, statements by award winners, and the announcement of award winners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation was an institution that sought to share the history of Journalism at Washington and Lee through a variety of publications, news stories and events. Items of note in this subseries include a scrapbook of journalism department activites from the mid 1950s and small posters of different journalism department events on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring Riegel's tenure as a professor, the Journalism Department kept its own library for students to use. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence and materials related to the library's everyday function.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMass Media Booknotes was a publication that reported new publications related to mass media and communications. Items within this series consist of monthly reports on new journalism publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublicity regarding the Journalism Department consists of articles in magazines, newspapers, and other media sources that highlight the department's activities. The bulk of items in this subseries consist of articles and press releases related to the Journalism department. Items of note include an article by Riegel titled \"The Muted Trumpet\" and a Spanish booklet about Nationalism and Communications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries focus on the establishment and early years of WLUR. some events of note include problems with the radio antenna during installation, and program listings from early WLUR broadcasts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of various seminars hosted by the Journalism department including a seminar on editorial writing and one on law in relation to the media. Items of note include the speeches of seminar speakers and seminar programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are relevant to the journalism department, but do not relate to any of the other subseries. Items of note include a menu at a Sigma Delta Chi dinner, a chart comparing  faculty compensation at various universities during the 1970s and a large chart analyzing Virginia daily newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series pertain to Riegel's personal correspondence between himself and colleagues, friends, and family. Some material is related to or mentions his work, but the majority of the material is about his or other people's personal lives, opinions, and thoughts around world events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series consist primarily of articles, bulletins, memos, and programs which are in reference to O.W. Riegel and his career achievements. The material spans the majority of his professional carreer and makes reference to his published works, acts as a staff member of Washington and Lee, and personal achievements. The publicity material is primarily newspaper clippings selected by Riegel himself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this series consist of items Riegel acquired while traveling after World War II. Riegel went to several european nations during the Cold War including Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Italy, East Germany, Germany, and Britain. Throughout his journeys, Riegel retained numerous maps, brochures, publications, and pamphlets of places and events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries concerns Riegel's correspondence during his travels in Eastern Europe and focuses primarily on upcoming european film festivals and catching up with friend and acquaintences while abroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries focus on the US in relation to Riegel's travel after World War II. some items of note include maps of San Francisco, CA and Madison, WI, assorted brochures from various city centers, and a couple of sketches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of  iteme Riegel acquired during his international travel. Most items are from Eastern Europe, but there are a couple of items from Western Europe and a publication from Australia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of pamphlets and brochures related to Riegel's travels throughout Europe. some publications of note include lodging brochures from Bulgaria and Romania and hungarian recreational brochures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of the  receipts and charges Riegel kept from his travels in europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of maps of various european countries that Riegel traveled through.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries were the personal affects of Oscar Riegel in relation to his post-war European travel. Some items of note include his travel diary and a diary by \"Dee\", and press membership identification.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel prior to and during his trip to Eastern Europe. One item of note is a German quiz he took prior to his departure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe items in this series relate to two major projects Riegel conducted in Europe between 1950 and 1952. The first one focused on public opinion in West Germany on a variety of topics, but emphasised government and politics in particular. This project was conducted with assitance in the form of a grant, stipend, and paid travel by the State Departnment. The second project, through Princeton University, focused on the impact of the cross cultural exchange program between Belgium and the United States, with the goal of understanding the opinion Belgians had of the United States after going through the program and then returning to their home country. Contents in this series include: Survey materials from both projects, information on participants in the Belgium study, publications Riegel kept from his time in Europe, his notes on the projects, and financial papers relevant to the projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries focus on the West German Cultural Exchange program and its impact on its  participants. Items of note include samples of questionaires and surveys and maps of parts of West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel conducted a study surveying belgians who participated in an educational exchange program with the United States, trying to answer whether educational exchange programs affect the participant's perception of the country they visited in the long term. This subseries contains materials related to that study including questionnaires, correspondents, data on participants, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents with Riegel in regards to his Belgium study often focused on the study's contents, findings, and were curious about its implications. Riegel corresponded with approximately 70 different individuals and wrote often to his family while in Belgium.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of materials related to every participant in Riegel's study of Belgium's cultural exchange program. Each person's listing has some responses to questions and occasionally some correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications in this part of the collection focus on the effects and status of cultural exchange programs with the United States. Items of note in this subseries include a Belgian professor's analysis of Columbia University's geology courses from the 1920s, and statements by the state department about educational exchange programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of materials that were issued to spread the recognition and outreach of Riegel's study in Belgium. The majority of items are press releases informing individuals how they can participate and for participants to follow through with their questionnaires.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of materials that were essential to Riegel's survey. Items of note in this subseries include Riegel's project proposal, sample questionnaires and instructions to participants and project assistants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel published a monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos, in 1934. In it he examined and explored the impact and importance of the use of propaganda in the contemporary world. He effectively explored the use of propaganda in nations such as pre-War Germany and its role in the rise of National Socialism and Adolf Hitler. This series contains material related to the publishing of the book, Mobilizing for Chaos. These materials primarily consist of book reviews, advertisements, and articles about Riegel's role in its creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series are relevant to O. W. Riegel's involvement with propaganda materials from World War I through the Vietnam War. Within this series are correspondence between Riegel and his co-workers at the Office of War information, a variety of war leaflets, war themed news letters, foreign magazines, ephemeral propaganda materials, a few posters, Viet Cong banners, and German Newspapers. Some items and subjects of note include Hand made propaganda from the Viet Cong, A book of official japanese war leaflets, records from the Office of War Information, and pictoral records of the Spanish Civil War and the Second Sino Japanese War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are relevant to the World War I era, and include Newspapers about the war, printed in 1914 and reprinted in the 1930's, Notes by Riegel about foreign and domestic propagada agencies, Photos of war figures and events with captions, and publications about the press and propaganda during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTh inter-war period subseries consists primarily of reports and publications from both the federal government and the private sector. Both of these groups focus heavily on propaganda, often comparing 1930s propaganda to propaganda during World War I. There is also some emphasis on the New Deal programs and their impact on the press and individual freedoms. Foreign Newspapers in this subseries tend to focus on Germany's shift to fascism and its implications. Also included in this subseries, are Riegel's own notes on these subjects mixed with brief personal comments related to his work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of foreign press publications during the inter-war period. Newpapers and clippings are in French and German, and from the early 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoverment publications in this collection consist primarily of bills presented to congress, pages from the congressional record, and other sources oriented primarily around the use of the press prior to World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGovernment reports in this sub-series are issued often by executive agencies and are oriented around the press, propaganda, and considered regulation thereof. Reports include a discussion by the FCC over the \"War of the Worlds Radio Broadcast\", A report on Radio Broadcasting for Senator Burton Wheeler, and an agreement of journalistic standards by the Pan-American Congress of Journalists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspapers in this sub-series focus on World War I propaganda, developments on Europe prior to the second World War, and Freedom of the Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's notes from the Inter-war period focus on various journalism related topics, including: Telegraph cable, the politics of international press, the New Deal and Advertising, and other personal notes about his work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress releases in this subseries address a variety of international and foreign relations topics such as the British Palestine mandate, the self-determination of the Saar Region, both pro and anti German perspectives on the national socialist government, and those who benefit from war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe publications in the Riegel papers from the interwar period show the shift in American focus from the economy to international relations from the early 1930s to 1939. The early publications focus on the impact of New Deal programs with only some regard to events outside the U.S. Publications from the late 1930s have a heavily international perspective with pictoral booklets of the atrocities in the second Sino-Japanese war, and threats of German fascism. Academic articles relate to the press, particularly in China, but also from a global perspective, Modern propaganda techniques, and international relations. Finally, there is a sampling of newsletters focusing on the same topics from various perspectives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries related to the Spanish Civil War primarily consist of propaganda leaflets and publications on both sides of the conflict, highlighting the opposing sides' atrocities and how they will ensure the values and freedom of the Spanish people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are related to the World War II era in both of the main theaters of war. Some items of note include propaganda leaflets in a variety of languages including German and Japanese, documents from various government agencies including the Office of War Information, and some ephemeral materials used as propaganda during the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's corresepondence in this series primarily relates to those he worked and interacted with during his time with the Office of War information. One topic of particular interest to Riegel was the \"Strzetelski Affair\" which focused on the contested censorship of a Polish news agency and their description of troop position in the eastern front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's collection of domestic propaganda during the second World War highlighted appeals to the working class by the Germans to stand against \"big business\" interests, and the pro-peace movement primarily through a series of drawings by Pola Clair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEuropean propaganda leaflets, in Riegel's collection, show the various appeals by different groups to persuade the enemy to surrender. While most of the leaflets are addressing a German audience, there are some in Hungarian, Polish, and Arabic aiming to persuade at least a tacit support for the allies. The leaflets are sorted based on their identification number often found on one of the corners of the leaflet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eO.W. \"Tom\" Riegel's copy of an official \"confidential\" binder distributed to staff of the United States Office of War Information detailing propaganda objectives for the Mediterranean region of Europe for 1944, specifically the countries of Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Yugoslavia, Italy, and Hungary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a pamphlet titled \"Footprints of the Trojan Horse, Some methods used by foreign agents within the United States\" and \"Hitler's Words and Hitler's Deeds\" printed in England. This illustrated wartime pamphlet introduces the reader to the Nazi theory of propaganda and details Hitler and the Nazi regime's methods and examples of deceipt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese newsletters were disseminated by allied forces to citizens of liberated countries. These newsletters, ranging from Dutch to Flemish to French often described events on the front lines and encouraged readers to support the war effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's collection of government reports center around the effectiveness in developing and implementing propaganda addressed to the Axis powers and neutral and liberated countries. Reports tend to focus on one aspect of propaganda ranging from understanding the target audiences culture, to forms of counterpropaganda used by enemy forces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports by the Board of Economic Warfare were periodically issued detailing the economic situations of various parts of the world and their relation to the front lines. This gave allied forces an idea of available resources for themselves and their enemies looking forward.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Board of Overseas publication analyzed published issues in other countries, aiming to understand the literary and media culture of different nations to improve propaganda efforts. Some analysis includes reports on Japanese war songs and european perspectives on American elections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bureau of Public Relations focused on ensuring positive relations with neutral and liberated countries during the war effort. Some of its material, found in this sub-series include Public Relations officer guidelines and foreign censorship codes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSegments from the congressional record found in this subseries focuses on the mobilization and deployment of troops between 1939 and 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel maintained a collection of documents from the Coordinator of Information office. These documents pertained to ongoing events in the second World War and their relation to propaganda. Some documents focus on the handling of news and claims by the Axis powers, the surrender of a british fleet to the Japandese, and the presence of allied forces near Singapore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's items from the Federal Communications Commission primarily relate to its reports on radio broadcasts. Included in their reports are recommendations for foreign radio propaganda, and their prioritization of national defence in their own decisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's documents related to the Office of Control highlight the emphasis on censoring foreign media to ensure support of the allied troops. some items of note include breif correspondence related to the censorship of individual broadcasts due to lack of documentation, and periodic reports of the publications of various radio broadcasts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Office of Public Opinion Research focused on the public mood of various events during the war. Some items in this subseries include an analysis of public opinion as it relates to FDR's public talks and speeches, and public opinion of naval war policy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel worked with the Office of War Information durring the Second World War. His role was to provide guidance, analysis, and propose various forms of propaganda to use against enemy forces and to persuade potentially friendly neutrals. Items in this subseries are heavily related to these subjects and report on the successes and failures of implemented propaganda.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Outpost Services Bureau provided support to govenrment agencies in ensuring their ability to function via connecting them with lines of communication and providing support when necessary. They created monthly progress reports of various outpost stations reporting the status of these stations and their effectiveness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems from the Psychological Warfare Branch focus on the impact of propaganda and counter propaganda on the target audeinces. Reports in this subseries include an analysis of propaganda upon French citizens, and a booklet on the functions of the 5th Army propaganda team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's items from the state department primarily relate to the status of various areas in the front lines of the second World War. Some documents in this subseries inculde a description of the status of press and radio in Vichy France, and Chiang Kai Shek's perspective on the Japanese war front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two documents in the Radio Conference of Cairo subseries are full text copies of the radio agreements describing acceptable and unlawful use of the radio in attempts to influence populations beyond a nation's borders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments in this subseries detail the efforts made by the USIS to inform foreign peoples about the United States and its values through various publications. Some examples in this subseries include the report of the effectiveness of an Italian agazine and guidelines for foreign magazine publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a small bound illustrated pamphlet published by the United States War Department in 1944 and titled \"What is Propaganda\". It is a \"War Department Educational Manual - EM-2 of the GI Roundatable Series.\" The cover of the pamphlet shows the cartoon character Donald Duck speaking into a microphone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's collection of Japanese leaflets consist of two aspects: US made leaflets issued to the Japanese and Japanese made leaflets issued to the U.S. Both use persuasive techniques to convince soliders to surrender or cease fighting, showing there is greater value in being at home than on the front lines. U.S. propaganda tended to appeal to the futility of the Japanese effort, showing  how U.S. progress was steady in spite of their resistance. Japanese propaganda tended to emphasize that the profits of the war were directed to a non-fighting elite, and that family members would prefer the soldier's presence at home  to their death at war. The leaflets are sorted by their identification numbers found on one of the leaflet's corners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder consists of multiple published items including part one of a two part volume published by the United States Pacific Fleet on the methods of psychological warfare against Japan with a focus on propaganda leaflet usage. The Washington Post publication also includes in its title, \"the story of the secret weapon which had Japan ready to yield thirteen days before the atomic bomb struck Hiroshima.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume consists of a compilation of approximately ninety-five propaganda leaflets created for the Unites States military's Pacific Theater of Operations. Incuded with each leaflet is an accompany information form that includes purpose, text, format, general comments, and someitmes the specific location for he leaflet's use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel kept assorted notes about a variety of topics including the Camera Club at Washington and Lee, Descriptions for his future autobiography, political details in Mexican History, and information related to coworkers, staff, and events during his time at the Office of War Information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries were the personal belongings of Oscar Riegel after the second World War. Some items include his material as an official air raid warden, in the event of a domestic air raid,  financial statements on purchases, war ration books, and programs from events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress releases in this subseries give a description of headlines during the Second World War. Topics of note include Hitler's invasion of Poland, the Psychological effect of paratroopers, and the Finnish impact on the Eastern Front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications in this subseries tend to focus on propaganda analysis, the warfront, and radio communications. Some items of note in this subseries include the code of the National Association of Broadcasters and commentary on the Bill of Rights.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries containes unique items of the time period that distinguish it from other eras. Some interesting items of note include candy wrappers with U.S. army propaganda, an assortment of pro U.S. booklets in various languages, shoe lace packaging depicting the hanging of Hitler and Mossolini, and a hitler/Tojo pin cushion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this subseries relate to the Cold War era. Most items focus on communication from the U.S. to its citizens and foreign countries to gain support over Russia in the Cold War. Additionally, there are a few items from foreign nations aimed at U.S. audiences. Some items of note include some Russian Magazines, Chinese Magazines, and publications related to the United States Information Agency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of Riegel's correspondence related to the Cold War. It focuses mostly on specific events during the Cold War and the reach of government concerning foreign and domestic media and speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of material made by foreign govenrments, mostly with the intent to reach an American audience. Some items of note include magazines from the Polish government, Russian Magazines, and a booklet about developing countries and the Soviet Bloc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries focuses on material the U.S. and foreign governments produced for American citizens, often in the form of reports and booklets. Some items of note include a report on the U.S. international cultural program and \"Telling America's Story Abroad\" by the State Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of a small assortment of clod war era newspapers hihglighting various events related to the cold war effort. Articles include international U.S. radio presence, the US information service's efforts, and international relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of press releases of events throughout the Cold War. These press releases come from several sources, most of them being from the U.S. Information Agency. There are also press releases from the Japan Detachment of Broadcasting and Visual Activities and the State Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseies contains publications from a variety of sources. Often in the form of booklets or magazines, topics vary, but most focus on the effects of propaganda and the Cold War. Some booklets of note include one on Germany's territorial shifts after the second World War, and a booklet on  the efforts of Christian Trade Unions to combat the spread of Communism.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese radio scripts were intended to inform the American public in areas both related and unrelated to the Cold war. Script topics ranged from \"The Secret of American Prosperity\" to \"Coronary Thrombosis\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Information Agency sought to spread international awareness of U.S. values and culture to second and third world countries during the Cold War. Items in this subseries consist of programs, reports, briefings, newsletters, memorandums, and charts that conveyed how the agency operated internationally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to the Korean war, and mostly from an American perspective. Most of the items are propaganda leaflets, aiming to encourage Korean support of American troops. Some items of note include a booklet of alleged U.S. war crimes during the war, a booklet about war P.O.W.'s, and copies of anti-U.S. propaganda.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are strictly Korean war propaganda that was intended for Korean citizens. Nearly all items in this subseries are in Korean and have an english description or translation attached with the goals of what the propaganda was supposed to evoke from the reader.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes Communist Chinese printed propoganda magazines for an English speaking audience : \"United Nations Prisoners in Korea,\" \"China Reconstructs,\" and two editions of \"People's China\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 1950 Japanese magazine, \"Silver Bell,\" for children and/or young adults - printed by the Hiroshima Publishing Company; a Second World War era Prisoner of War questionnare, and an American propoganda magazine in Chinese titled \"Free World\" magazine published for Asian coutries about the Unites States and \"Free\" Asian countries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Committee on Vietnam was a local organization in Lexington and Rockbridge County formed in opposition to the war effort. Riegel was a member of the Committee. This subseries consists of notes Riegel took of meetings and comments made by Committee members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's correspondence related to the Vietnam war often focused on his hope in the ceasing of hostilities. Many letters are to congressmen, and other high ranking government officials. Included in this subseries are also a few letters from Riegel to President Johnson regarding the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe government publications regarding the Vietnam War in Riegel's papers focus on the nature of war propaganda and the status of combatant strategy and techniques as the war progressed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of Riegel's notes about government events related to propaganda and public opinion in relation to the Vietnam War. These informal notes document events, such as National Liberation Front propaganda drives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries relate to published or disseminated to the public referencing the Vietnam War. Items of note include a petition to end the war, a voter's pledge to support anti-war candidates, and booklets and magazines related to the war effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are the oversize materials coming from other parts of the Propaganda series. Within this subseries are magazines and posters from the Cold War and the Vietnam War. Additionally, there is a 1:15000 road map of Hannover, Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of government reports related to the office of war information. they have some damaged and require creating a scan to ensure further damage is prevented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries have not yet been processed into the collection. Materials range from the Inter-War period to the Cold War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of items related to Riegel's work with the Public Opinion Quarterly, an academic journal that focuses on forms of media and their effects on the public, primarily via Radio, the Press, and Movies. The bulk of material in this series consists of correspondence between Riegel, editors for the Public Opinion Quarterly, and prospective article writers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Communications was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the communications section of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of general correspondence between Riegel and approximately 160 correspondents on various topics relating to the Public Opinion Quarterly (POQ). Subjects include anticipated articles for the POQ, Events affecting the POQ, and the POQ's structure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Movies was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the movies section of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Press was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the press section of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Radio was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the radio section of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series are relevant to the Southern Interscholastic Press Association. Within this series are correspondence between speakers for the conventions and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the annual convention, SIPA programs, Quill and Scroll Banquet artifacts, and speech excerpts from the various speakers. Some items and subjects of note include correspondence regarding the permission of black delegates during the process of desegregation, a scrapbook of events during the 1959 SIPA convention, a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll Banquet, and a penant commemorating the SIPA conference. Major correspondents and speakers include: Cartoonists Ken Bald and John Mendelsohn, Congressman John Moss, James P. Warburg, Ferdinand Kuhn, and Abe Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethis subseries focuses on the winners of various awards over the years of the SIPA conference at Washington and Lee University. Most items consist of list of winners and press releases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in the folder consist of lists of seating charts for the front table at the SIPA Awards Luncheons\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in the folder consist of annual lists of attendies who were to receive complementary accomodations to certain SIPA events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box of correspondence contains the only topical correspondence folder in the series, highlighting letters written that centered around the issues of desegregation and the contested permission of black delegates to SIPA. Afterwards, correspondence is alphabetical. Several renowned figures collaborated with O.W. Riegel by hosting their own sessions at the SIPA conference. Some of these figures include cartoonists Kenneth Bald and Douglas Borgstedt. Washington and Lee presidents Fred Cole and Francis Gaines are also included in this part of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel corresponded with approximately 200 individuals reagarding events and issues with SIPA. This subseries contains correspondence with all individuals with last names beginning with K or later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contents in this box consist of photographs of SIPA events, news publications about SIPA, a few high school newspapers submitted to the SIPA competition, financial documents, executive committee notes, the SIPA constitution and bylaws, and samples from SIPA's annual current events quiz. Some items of note include a 1937 satirical edition of Thomas Jefferson High School's student newspaper, \u003ci\u003eThe Jeffster\u003c/i\u003e, and photographs of the SIPA Awards banquet from 1953 and 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this sub-series consist of speeches and speech excerpts by various  SIPA conference speakers, and programs for the SIPA conference from 1930-1968, along with a few programs from the 1980's and 1991. Some of the speeches are stored in smaller boxes because they are printed on index cards. Additionally, there is a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll banquet, housed in this sub-series in order to save space.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contents in this sub-series consist of  artifacts from the Quill and Scroll Banquets, SIPA delegate registration instructions, the lodging needs of SIPA speakers, materials given to Riegel by speakers, additional instructions to staff, and miscellaneous items in the SIPA series. Some objects of note include a SIPA penant with Washington and Lee enscribed on it, A scrapbook of the events from SIPA in 1959, and Admission tickets to the 1954 SIPA events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this series relate to Virginia Democratic Politics from the early 1970s to the early 1980s. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee and attended the Virginia State Democratic Convention. His records include political correspondence between congressman Olin, delegate Davis, other local candidates, and party members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlice Rabe was a candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates seat representing Rockbridge County, Lexington, Buena Vista, Bedford County and the city of Bedford. Riegel gave advice and support for Alice in her campaign. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and Rabe, campaign materials, such as planned ads, and clippings relevant to the campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongressman Butler represented Virginia's 6th Congressional District. Within this subseries is a series of correspondence mostly from Riegel on various political topics. Most of Butler's correspondence consists of his periodic newsletters to his constituents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel's political correspondence within Virginia consists of over 20 correspondents, primarily on the topic of campaigns and elections. Some correspondents include former House of Delegates member Jim Davis, Delegate candidate Sprong, and democratic party officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJim Olin was the congressional representative of Virginia's 6th district after Cadwell Butler. This subseries consists of correspondence between Riegel and the Congressman. The main topics discussed are funding for the \"MX Missle\" and issues over Olin's congressional fundraising operation in the mid to late 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of correspondence by county democratic officials to local democratic party members concerning campaign actions and fundraising. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter World War II, Riegel worked as a U.S. diplomat in Hungary. This subseries consists of items related to his time there. Items of note include his diplomatic ID, hungarian currency, hungarian newspapers and magazines, Monthly reports on his work in Hungary, and detailed notes on events he experienced while there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRiegel was an avid collector of film related material, particularly from European sources. During his travels in Europe, Riegel attended numerous film festivals and kept materials from a variety of films. Additionally, he taught a course on motion picture and there are numerous items related to that course. Items of note include publications from an international film festival in Czechoslovakia, Film Festival attendance buttons, samples of film with descriptions of how film is used in the motion picture, and student work from Riegel's motion picture course he taught at Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection is still being processed. We anticipate additional series' to be added to the collection upon their completion. Some anticipated series include: Film, Riegel's early life, Pre-War Travel, Early Academic Work (undergrad and grad school, Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory, Communications Institutions (such as the International Association of Mass Communication Research), The Science Service, and Riegel's East-Germany Survey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","Items in this series relate to news and developments in communications sattelites. Riegel wrote a short article about their impact on mass media. His manuscripts along with correspondence, reports, and publications about communications satellites make up the bulk of this series. Some items of note include reports on the progress of Canada's Telesat system, Riegel's analysis of satellite communication, and Comsat and Intelesat reports from the early 1970's","Riegel discussed with over thirty correspondents over matters related to Communications Satellites and his academic article discussing the political barriers to satellite usage. Most correspondents provide suggestions to Riegel's article or explain how an academic journal they're associated with plans to use or not use his article.","Press releases in this subseries mostly come from the COMSAT, INTELSAT, and TELESAT corporations. These press releases give reports on the developments in the satellite industry, and the changes in stock values for these companies' shareholders.","Items in this subseries relate to pulbications from various sources refering to communications satellites. Items of note include: a Thesis titled, \"Defense Department's usage of Communications Satellites\" by Maurice Fliess from West Virginia University, annual COMSAT publications, and  a Canadian publication on the ᐊᓂᒃ (\"anik\" or little brother)satellite by TELESAT.","Items in this subseries consist of reports by government and independent organizations about communication satellites. The reports vary in focus, ranging from technical data to impending impact of satellites on public life. Items of note include the 1972 Aeronautics and Space Report of the President and the operating agreement between the United States and other nations regarding INTELSAT.","This subseries consists of Riegel's communication satellite article manuscripts. These manuscripts show the revisions Riegel made to his work.","Items in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.","Items in this series are relevant to the Dupont Awards, which were given to Television stations, Radiostations, and commentators who have contributed to the field in their performance on the air. Award winners received $1,000, and most used the money to fund a journalism scholarship. Within this series are correspondence between award winners, judges, the Dupont estate, Washington and Lee University, members of the Federal Communications Commission, public relations firms, and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the award winners and annual awards dinner, publications by the Dupont Awards foundation, and published statements by various awards winners. Some items and subjects of note include a draft of a couple of the physical awards, letters discussing the conclusion of Washington and Lee's Association with the awards in 1967, and some resumes of different journalists and  Judges' comments on various radio and television stations. Three scrapbooks are contained wtithin the collection, but are not in folders. They are listed in the appropriate sub-series. Major correspondents and speakers include: O. W. Riegel, FCC Chairman Rosel Hyde, and Jessie Ball Dupont.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials describing the removal of Washington and Lee University from the administration of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence, photos and cirtificates relating to types of awards given by institutions. Items of note include a small magazine of different award designs, correspondence over the dupont awards, and photographs of different awards.","Items in this subseries primarily consist of correspondence related to the design of a brochure for the Dupont Awards. As the Awards' curator, Riegel was responsible for the Awrds' presentation and outreach.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondents between Riegel and and individual reviewers the Dupont Awards. These letters consist of recommended radio stations  that people felt deserved the award for 1963.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the Dupont Awards dinner including photographs, ivitations, and RSVP's.","Items in this subseries consist of the financial documents Riegel dealt with for the Dupont Awards. Items of note include letters with the awards' finanical statements and individual bills for expenses.","Items in this subseries relate to forms used by the Dupont Awards committee. Some forms of note include blank radio station judging forms and form letters to nominees and participants.","Riegel's correspondence in this series is primarily between different awards administrators and judges. Riegel corresponded with approximately 320 different individauls within this subseries. Correspondents of note include Mrs. Dupont, Turner Catledge, and Sol Taishoff.","Items in this subseries relate to communications between the General Federation of Women's Clubs and Riegel as curator for the Dupont Awards. Most of the correspondence consists of requests by Riegel for the leadership of the G.F.W.C. to participate on the Committee of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the judging of various Television stations, radio stations, and commentators for the Dupont Awards. Included are some judges' comments on different stations and correspondence about evaluating stations.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the coverage of the Kennedy Assassination. The Dupont Awards foundation found it apporpriate to commemorate numerous stations for their detailed coverage of the event.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and various lettershops regarding the production of a mass qualtity of letters to individuals regarding the awards. Some letters focused on the errors by the lettershop businesses such as errors in the use of names, punctuation, and grammar.","Items in this subseries consist of lists of individuals based on association. Some of the lists of note in this subseries include a list of CBS correspondents, Dupont Award winners, and the Dupont Award Foundation Mailing List.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials published or sent by the National Association for Better Radio and Television. This organization sought to encourage quality programing for families and children. some items of note include a booklet of television programs with ratings and reviews and newsletters mentioning the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence  addressing various concerns individuals had with the awards. These problems ranged from the permission of including some materials in various nominee presentations to the eligibility of certain networks in the Dupont Awards.","Correspondence in this subseries focuses primarily on the manner in which the Awards were determined and given. There is extensive discussion between Haefele, Spackman, and Riegel about the Trustee's involvment in the selection of judges and giving awards. The Dupont foundation wanted to increase its influence on the awards process, while Riegel thought that the Awards should have more liberty to act on its own.","Items in this subseries consist of documents by the Dupont Awards Foundation that were issued or available to the public, including: the agreements between the Dupont Foundation and the Awards committee, annual programs and brochures, and descriptions of the awards.","Items in this subseries consist of correspondence about spreading the awareness of the Dupont Awards.","Items in this subseries relate to efforts by the Dupont Awards Foundation to capitalize on their public relations. A large part of correspondence is with the Public Relations office of Earle Palmer Brown.","Correspondence in this subseries consists of correspondence related to how some winners chose to use their prize money from the Dupont Awards to give a small scholarship to journalism majors at various universities.","This subseries focuses on the process determining a logo for the Dupont Awards including correspondence, images, and sketches.","Items in this sub-series consist of materials related to the presentation of the Dupont Awards to their respective winners. Because of the annual nature of the award, material is sorted by year and then by content.","The items in this sub-series consist of miscellaeous materials that did not necessarily fit with the other groupings. Along with the files listed are two scrap-books of remarks made at the Dupont Awards Dinner.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series consist of and are related to O.W. Riegel's unpublished memoir \"Hacking It\". The first section of the series contains the most refined drafts of the Autobiography. Then there is correspondence between individuals who assited Riegel in drafting and editing his work. There are also several unrefined drafts of material, and a couple of artifacts and notes related to the Memoir. Housed separately from the rest of the collection, is one box of Newspaper clippings sorted by topic around different subjects Riegel's memoir addresses.","This subseries contains the most up-to-date version of Riegel's unpublished autobiography.","Correspondence in this subseries focuses on revisions of Riegel's memoirs and requests for information for Riegel to use in his writing.","Items in this subseries consist of various drafts on sections considered in the development of Riegel's Memoir. Topics range from his trip to the Virgin Islands, to his view of religion, and his year in Hungary after the conclusion of World War II.","Items in this subseries relate to Jane Riegel's materials that were stored with Riegel's autobiography. Oscar Riegel had Jane's journal bound and printed as a gift. These items are the scans and illustrations of her journal that were necessary to make his gift possible.","Items in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel took on various subjects related to his autobiography.","Items in this subseries consist of aspects of Riegel's autiobiography that have not yet been processed into the collection.","Items in the Journalism Department series are based in the time period when Riegel was a member and later director of the department. sub-sections of this series include correspondence within the department, course materials, department seminars, accreditiation discussions,the Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation, the maintenance of the department's library, and publicity related to the department and its faculty. some items of note include some student work for classes, including a project by Phillipe Labro, a cartoonist awards program with signatures from various cartoonists including Charles Shultz, and various surveys related to higher education and journalism.","As the department chair of Washington and Lee University's Journalism department, Riegel was responsible for its accreditation. This subseries consists of documents related to the accreditation status of Washington and Lee's Journalism department. The main agencies that Riegel worked with were the American Council on Education for Journalism, the American Association of Educators in Journalism, and the Association for Education in Journalism. Items are organized by year within each accreditation agency. Documents of note in this subseries include evaluation forms, correspondence about accreditation agency policy and goals, and annual accreditation reports.","Items in this subseries consist of letters between Riegel and over 550 correspondents related to Washington and Lee's Journalism program. Letters range in theme from inquiries about the program, job openings for journalism graudates, the Associated Press, the British Library, the American Association of Schools with Departments in Journalism, and others.","Items in this subseries relate to the courses within the Journalism Department which Riegel taught while at Washington and Lee University. Courses ranged in topic from public opinion to advertising to psychological warfare and propaganda. Most courses are sorted by order of sylabbi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other relevant materials to the course. The Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course also has a few student samples of a project where students were to make their own propaganda aimed at countries behind the Iron Curtain.","The Journalism 101 course focused on the principles of Journalism. Within this subseries are documents related to the course including syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials Riegel had that were relevant to the course.","Journalism 102 was a course that covered the principles of Journalism, and at times was a continuation of Journalism 101 to create a year long class. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes and other material Riegel had that was relevant to the course.","Riegel's public oppinion course focused on the purpose and manner of polling, specifically as a pulse of American Democracy. It elaborated on how to conduct polls and how they influence and  show the views of the public. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, lecutre notes, and other related materials.","Riegel's Literary Critism course focused on the purpose and manner in which one critiques a written work. Riegel emphasized the different critical theories by different reviewers and had students study reviewers and conduct their own reviews using the fundamentals taught in the course. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","The Journalism Department's Short Story Writing Course focused on the elements of a short story and its goal of portraying life as the author sees it from their own lens. within the course, students were expected to anaylze and uncover the principles of short story writing and apply them in their own works. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, quizzes, exams, and other materials related to the course.","The Principles of Advertising course covered basic elements of advertisements found in mass media sources. Items in this subseries consist of a course syllabus, quizzes, and exams.","The Journalism Department's course on communications law focused on the legal developments regarding the freedom of the press. Course topics ranged from copyright, to libel, to privacy, to climate, to the Freedom of Information Act, and courtroom procedures. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, extensive lecture notes sorted by topic, and extensive relevant materials related to the course.","The Psychological Warfare and Propaganda course covered how the media has been used to sway public opinion in a variety of settings. Students examined the methods the military, governments, intelligence agencies, international U.S. broadcasts, and other sources used in an attempt to persuade others to support their goals and causes. Items in ths subseries consist of student work on a couple of projects including a mock propaganda piece by Philippe Labro, course syllabi, class handouts and project rubrics, lecutre notes, and other materials related to the course.","The Public Relations course focused on the purposes of public relations and the various attitudes people hold towards the field. Students were tasked to analyze the goals of a person in a public relations position and to understand why some view it as a means for corruption while others see it as an essential part of any business, firm, or public figure. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","This advertising course focused on the principles and critical analysis of advertisements. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","The Editorial was a journalism department course that focused on the principles and practice of newspaper editorial writing. Students in the course were members of a hypothetical editorial board and were tasked to develop articles on a variety of topics. Items in this subseries consist of course syllabi, class handouts, lecture notes, and other material related to the course.","Items in this subseries consist of discussions between the Journalism Department and outside news industries about job availability and the desire for higher quality recruits. Riegel points the low quality towards a national issue of low incentives for high quality students in the Journalism field.","the Lee Editorial Award was a prize for what the award's judges thought was the best editorial in a given year based on nominations  by editors, newspapers, and publishers. Items in this subseries focus on informing the public about the award, statements by award winners, and the announcement of award winners.","The Lee Memorial Journalism Foundation was an institution that sought to share the history of Journalism at Washington and Lee through a variety of publications, news stories and events. Items of note in this subseries include a scrapbook of journalism department activites from the mid 1950s and small posters of different journalism department events on campus.","During Riegel's tenure as a professor, the Journalism Department kept its own library for students to use. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence and materials related to the library's everyday function.","Mass Media Booknotes was a publication that reported new publications related to mass media and communications. Items within this series consist of monthly reports on new journalism publications.","Publicity regarding the Journalism Department consists of articles in magazines, newspapers, and other media sources that highlight the department's activities. The bulk of items in this subseries consist of articles and press releases related to the Journalism department. Items of note include an article by Riegel titled \"The Muted Trumpet\" and a Spanish booklet about Nationalism and Communications.","Items in this subseries focus on the establishment and early years of WLUR. some events of note include problems with the radio antenna during installation, and program listings from early WLUR broadcasts.","This subseries consists of various seminars hosted by the Journalism department including a seminar on editorial writing and one on law in relation to the media. Items of note include the speeches of seminar speakers and seminar programs.","Items in this subseries are relevant to the journalism department, but do not relate to any of the other subseries. Items of note include a menu at a Sigma Delta Chi dinner, a chart comparing  faculty compensation at various universities during the 1970s and a large chart analyzing Virginia daily newspapers.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series pertain to Riegel's personal correspondence between himself and colleagues, friends, and family. Some material is related to or mentions his work, but the majority of the material is about his or other people's personal lives, opinions, and thoughts around world events.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","Items in this series consist primarily of articles, bulletins, memos, and programs which are in reference to O.W. Riegel and his career achievements. The material spans the majority of his professional carreer and makes reference to his published works, acts as a staff member of Washington and Lee, and personal achievements. The publicity material is primarily newspaper clippings selected by Riegel himself.","Materials in this series consist of items Riegel acquired while traveling after World War II. Riegel went to several european nations during the Cold War including Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Italy, East Germany, Germany, and Britain. Throughout his journeys, Riegel retained numerous maps, brochures, publications, and pamphlets of places and events he attended.","This subseries concerns Riegel's correspondence during his travels in Eastern Europe and focuses primarily on upcoming european film festivals and catching up with friend and acquaintences while abroad.","Items in this subseries focus on the US in relation to Riegel's travel after World War II. some items of note include maps of San Francisco, CA and Madison, WI, assorted brochures from various city centers, and a couple of sketches.","This subseries consists of  iteme Riegel acquired during his international travel. Most items are from Eastern Europe, but there are a couple of items from Western Europe and a publication from Australia.","Items in this subseries consist of pamphlets and brochures related to Riegel's travels throughout Europe. some publications of note include lodging brochures from Bulgaria and Romania and hungarian recreational brochures.","Items in this subseries consist of the  receipts and charges Riegel kept from his travels in europe.","This subseries consists of maps of various european countries that Riegel traveled through.","Items in this subseries were the personal affects of Oscar Riegel in relation to his post-war European travel. Some items of note include his travel diary and a diary by \"Dee\", and press membership identification.","Items in this subseries consist of notes that Riegel prior to and during his trip to Eastern Europe. One item of note is a German quiz he took prior to his departure.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","The items in this series relate to two major projects Riegel conducted in Europe between 1950 and 1952. The first one focused on public opinion in West Germany on a variety of topics, but emphasised government and politics in particular. This project was conducted with assitance in the form of a grant, stipend, and paid travel by the State Departnment. The second project, through Princeton University, focused on the impact of the cross cultural exchange program between Belgium and the United States, with the goal of understanding the opinion Belgians had of the United States after going through the program and then returning to their home country. Contents in this series include: Survey materials from both projects, information on participants in the Belgium study, publications Riegel kept from his time in Europe, his notes on the projects, and financial papers relevant to the projects.","Items in this subseries focus on the West German Cultural Exchange program and its impact on its  participants. Items of note include samples of questionaires and surveys and maps of parts of West Germany.","Riegel conducted a study surveying belgians who participated in an educational exchange program with the United States, trying to answer whether educational exchange programs affect the participant's perception of the country they visited in the long term. This subseries contains materials related to that study including questionnaires, correspondents, data on participants, and publications.","Correspondents with Riegel in regards to his Belgium study often focused on the study's contents, findings, and were curious about its implications. Riegel corresponded with approximately 70 different individuals and wrote often to his family while in Belgium.","This subseries consists of materials related to every participant in Riegel's study of Belgium's cultural exchange program. Each person's listing has some responses to questions and occasionally some correspondence.","Publications in this part of the collection focus on the effects and status of cultural exchange programs with the United States. Items of note in this subseries include a Belgian professor's analysis of Columbia University's geology courses from the 1920s, and statements by the state department about educational exchange programs.","This subseries consists of materials that were issued to spread the recognition and outreach of Riegel's study in Belgium. The majority of items are press releases informing individuals how they can participate and for participants to follow through with their questionnaires.","This subseries consists of materials that were essential to Riegel's survey. Items of note in this subseries include Riegel's project proposal, sample questionnaires and instructions to participants and project assistants.","Riegel published a monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos, in 1934. In it he examined and explored the impact and importance of the use of propaganda in the contemporary world. He effectively explored the use of propaganda in nations such as pre-War Germany and its role in the rise of National Socialism and Adolf Hitler. This series contains material related to the publishing of the book, Mobilizing for Chaos. These materials primarily consist of book reviews, advertisements, and articles about Riegel's role in its creation.","Items in this series are relevant to O. W. Riegel's involvement with propaganda materials from World War I through the Vietnam War. Within this series are correspondence between Riegel and his co-workers at the Office of War information, a variety of war leaflets, war themed news letters, foreign magazines, ephemeral propaganda materials, a few posters, Viet Cong banners, and German Newspapers. Some items and subjects of note include Hand made propaganda from the Viet Cong, A book of official japanese war leaflets, records from the Office of War Information, and pictoral records of the Spanish Civil War and the Second Sino Japanese War.","Items in this subseries are relevant to the World War I era, and include Newspapers about the war, printed in 1914 and reprinted in the 1930's, Notes by Riegel about foreign and domestic propagada agencies, Photos of war figures and events with captions, and publications about the press and propaganda during the war.","Th inter-war period subseries consists primarily of reports and publications from both the federal government and the private sector. Both of these groups focus heavily on propaganda, often comparing 1930s propaganda to propaganda during World War I. There is also some emphasis on the New Deal programs and their impact on the press and individual freedoms. Foreign Newspapers in this subseries tend to focus on Germany's shift to fascism and its implications. Also included in this subseries, are Riegel's own notes on these subjects mixed with brief personal comments related to his work.","Items in this subseries consist of foreign press publications during the inter-war period. Newpapers and clippings are in French and German, and from the early 1930s.","Goverment publications in this collection consist primarily of bills presented to congress, pages from the congressional record, and other sources oriented primarily around the use of the press prior to World War II.","Government reports in this sub-series are issued often by executive agencies and are oriented around the press, propaganda, and considered regulation thereof. Reports include a discussion by the FCC over the \"War of the Worlds Radio Broadcast\", A report on Radio Broadcasting for Senator Burton Wheeler, and an agreement of journalistic standards by the Pan-American Congress of Journalists.","Newspapers in this sub-series focus on World War I propaganda, developments on Europe prior to the second World War, and Freedom of the Press.","Riegel's notes from the Inter-war period focus on various journalism related topics, including: Telegraph cable, the politics of international press, the New Deal and Advertising, and other personal notes about his work.","Press releases in this subseries address a variety of international and foreign relations topics such as the British Palestine mandate, the self-determination of the Saar Region, both pro and anti German perspectives on the national socialist government, and those who benefit from war.","The publications in the Riegel papers from the interwar period show the shift in American focus from the economy to international relations from the early 1930s to 1939. The early publications focus on the impact of New Deal programs with only some regard to events outside the U.S. Publications from the late 1930s have a heavily international perspective with pictoral booklets of the atrocities in the second Sino-Japanese war, and threats of German fascism. Academic articles relate to the press, particularly in China, but also from a global perspective, Modern propaganda techniques, and international relations. Finally, there is a sampling of newsletters focusing on the same topics from various perspectives.","Items in this subseries related to the Spanish Civil War primarily consist of propaganda leaflets and publications on both sides of the conflict, highlighting the opposing sides' atrocities and how they will ensure the values and freedom of the Spanish people.","Items in this subseries are related to the World War II era in both of the main theaters of war. Some items of note include propaganda leaflets in a variety of languages including German and Japanese, documents from various government agencies including the Office of War Information, and some ephemeral materials used as propaganda during the war.","Riegel's corresepondence in this series primarily relates to those he worked and interacted with during his time with the Office of War information. One topic of particular interest to Riegel was the \"Strzetelski Affair\" which focused on the contested censorship of a Polish news agency and their description of troop position in the eastern front.","Riegel's collection of domestic propaganda during the second World War highlighted appeals to the working class by the Germans to stand against \"big business\" interests, and the pro-peace movement primarily through a series of drawings by Pola Clair.","European propaganda leaflets, in Riegel's collection, show the various appeals by different groups to persuade the enemy to surrender. While most of the leaflets are addressing a German audience, there are some in Hungarian, Polish, and Arabic aiming to persuade at least a tacit support for the allies. The leaflets are sorted based on their identification number often found on one of the corners of the leaflet.","O.W. \"Tom\" Riegel's copy of an official \"confidential\" binder distributed to staff of the United States Office of War Information detailing propaganda objectives for the Mediterranean region of Europe for 1944, specifically the countries of Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Yugoslavia, Italy, and Hungary.","Includes a pamphlet titled \"Footprints of the Trojan Horse, Some methods used by foreign agents within the United States\" and \"Hitler's Words and Hitler's Deeds\" printed in England. This illustrated wartime pamphlet introduces the reader to the Nazi theory of propaganda and details Hitler and the Nazi regime's methods and examples of deceipt.","These newsletters were disseminated by allied forces to citizens of liberated countries. These newsletters, ranging from Dutch to Flemish to French often described events on the front lines and encouraged readers to support the war effort.","Riegel's collection of government reports center around the effectiveness in developing and implementing propaganda addressed to the Axis powers and neutral and liberated countries. Reports tend to focus on one aspect of propaganda ranging from understanding the target audiences culture, to forms of counterpropaganda used by enemy forces.","Reports by the Board of Economic Warfare were periodically issued detailing the economic situations of various parts of the world and their relation to the front lines. This gave allied forces an idea of available resources for themselves and their enemies looking forward.","The Board of Overseas publication analyzed published issues in other countries, aiming to understand the literary and media culture of different nations to improve propaganda efforts. Some analysis includes reports on Japanese war songs and european perspectives on American elections.","The Bureau of Public Relations focused on ensuring positive relations with neutral and liberated countries during the war effort. Some of its material, found in this sub-series include Public Relations officer guidelines and foreign censorship codes.","Segments from the congressional record found in this subseries focuses on the mobilization and deployment of troops between 1939 and 1945.","Riegel maintained a collection of documents from the Coordinator of Information office. These documents pertained to ongoing events in the second World War and their relation to propaganda. Some documents focus on the handling of news and claims by the Axis powers, the surrender of a british fleet to the Japandese, and the presence of allied forces near Singapore.","Riegel's items from the Federal Communications Commission primarily relate to its reports on radio broadcasts. Included in their reports are recommendations for foreign radio propaganda, and their prioritization of national defence in their own decisions.","Riegel's documents related to the Office of Control highlight the emphasis on censoring foreign media to ensure support of the allied troops. some items of note include breif correspondence related to the censorship of individual broadcasts due to lack of documentation, and periodic reports of the publications of various radio broadcasts.","The Office of Public Opinion Research focused on the public mood of various events during the war. Some items in this subseries include an analysis of public opinion as it relates to FDR's public talks and speeches, and public opinion of naval war policy.","Riegel worked with the Office of War Information durring the Second World War. His role was to provide guidance, analysis, and propose various forms of propaganda to use against enemy forces and to persuade potentially friendly neutrals. Items in this subseries are heavily related to these subjects and report on the successes and failures of implemented propaganda.","The Outpost Services Bureau provided support to govenrment agencies in ensuring their ability to function via connecting them with lines of communication and providing support when necessary. They created monthly progress reports of various outpost stations reporting the status of these stations and their effectiveness.","Items from the Psychological Warfare Branch focus on the impact of propaganda and counter propaganda on the target audeinces. Reports in this subseries include an analysis of propaganda upon French citizens, and a booklet on the functions of the 5th Army propaganda team.","Riegel's items from the state department primarily relate to the status of various areas in the front lines of the second World War. Some documents in this subseries inculde a description of the status of press and radio in Vichy France, and Chiang Kai Shek's perspective on the Japanese war front.","The two documents in the Radio Conference of Cairo subseries are full text copies of the radio agreements describing acceptable and unlawful use of the radio in attempts to influence populations beyond a nation's borders.","Documents in this subseries detail the efforts made by the USIS to inform foreign peoples about the United States and its values through various publications. Some examples in this subseries include the report of the effectiveness of an Italian agazine and guidelines for foreign magazine publications.","Includes a small bound illustrated pamphlet published by the United States War Department in 1944 and titled \"What is Propaganda\". It is a \"War Department Educational Manual - EM-2 of the GI Roundatable Series.\" The cover of the pamphlet shows the cartoon character Donald Duck speaking into a microphone.","Riegel's collection of Japanese leaflets consist of two aspects: US made leaflets issued to the Japanese and Japanese made leaflets issued to the U.S. Both use persuasive techniques to convince soliders to surrender or cease fighting, showing there is greater value in being at home than on the front lines. U.S. propaganda tended to appeal to the futility of the Japanese effort, showing  how U.S. progress was steady in spite of their resistance. Japanese propaganda tended to emphasize that the profits of the war were directed to a non-fighting elite, and that family members would prefer the soldier's presence at home  to their death at war. The leaflets are sorted by their identification numbers found on one of the leaflet's corners.","This folder consists of multiple published items including part one of a two part volume published by the United States Pacific Fleet on the methods of psychological warfare against Japan with a focus on propaganda leaflet usage. The Washington Post publication also includes in its title, \"the story of the secret weapon which had Japan ready to yield thirteen days before the atomic bomb struck Hiroshima.\"","This volume consists of a compilation of approximately ninety-five propaganda leaflets created for the Unites States military's Pacific Theater of Operations. Incuded with each leaflet is an accompany information form that includes purpose, text, format, general comments, and someitmes the specific location for he leaflet's use.","Riegel kept assorted notes about a variety of topics including the Camera Club at Washington and Lee, Descriptions for his future autobiography, political details in Mexican History, and information related to coworkers, staff, and events during his time at the Office of War Information.","Items in this subseries were the personal belongings of Oscar Riegel after the second World War. Some items include his material as an official air raid warden, in the event of a domestic air raid,  financial statements on purchases, war ration books, and programs from events he attended.","Press releases in this subseries give a description of headlines during the Second World War. Topics of note include Hitler's invasion of Poland, the Psychological effect of paratroopers, and the Finnish impact on the Eastern Front.","Publications in this subseries tend to focus on propaganda analysis, the warfront, and radio communications. Some items of note in this subseries include the code of the National Association of Broadcasters and commentary on the Bill of Rights.","This subseries containes unique items of the time period that distinguish it from other eras. Some interesting items of note include candy wrappers with U.S. army propaganda, an assortment of pro U.S. booklets in various languages, shoe lace packaging depicting the hanging of Hitler and Mossolini, and a hitler/Tojo pin cushion.","Materials in this subseries relate to the Cold War era. Most items focus on communication from the U.S. to its citizens and foreign countries to gain support over Russia in the Cold War. Additionally, there are a few items from foreign nations aimed at U.S. audiences. Some items of note include some Russian Magazines, Chinese Magazines, and publications related to the United States Information Agency.","This subseries consists of Riegel's correspondence related to the Cold War. It focuses mostly on specific events during the Cold War and the reach of government concerning foreign and domestic media and speech.","This subseries consists of material made by foreign govenrments, mostly with the intent to reach an American audience. Some items of note include magazines from the Polish government, Russian Magazines, and a booklet about developing countries and the Soviet Bloc.","This subseries focuses on material the U.S. and foreign governments produced for American citizens, often in the form of reports and booklets. Some items of note include a report on the U.S. international cultural program and \"Telling America's Story Abroad\" by the State Department.","This subseries consists of a small assortment of clod war era newspapers hihglighting various events related to the cold war effort. Articles include international U.S. radio presence, the US information service's efforts, and international relations.","This subseries consists of press releases of events throughout the Cold War. These press releases come from several sources, most of them being from the U.S. Information Agency. There are also press releases from the Japan Detachment of Broadcasting and Visual Activities and the State Department.","This subseies contains publications from a variety of sources. Often in the form of booklets or magazines, topics vary, but most focus on the effects of propaganda and the Cold War. Some booklets of note include one on Germany's territorial shifts after the second World War, and a booklet on  the efforts of Christian Trade Unions to combat the spread of Communism.","These radio scripts were intended to inform the American public in areas both related and unrelated to the Cold war. Script topics ranged from \"The Secret of American Prosperity\" to \"Coronary Thrombosis\".","The U.S. Information Agency sought to spread international awareness of U.S. values and culture to second and third world countries during the Cold War. Items in this subseries consist of programs, reports, briefings, newsletters, memorandums, and charts that conveyed how the agency operated internationally.","Items in this subseries relate to the Korean war, and mostly from an American perspective. Most of the items are propaganda leaflets, aiming to encourage Korean support of American troops. Some items of note include a booklet of alleged U.S. war crimes during the war, a booklet about war P.O.W.'s, and copies of anti-U.S. propaganda.","Items in this subseries are strictly Korean war propaganda that was intended for Korean citizens. Nearly all items in this subseries are in Korean and have an english description or translation attached with the goals of what the propaganda was supposed to evoke from the reader.","This folder includes Communist Chinese printed propoganda magazines for an English speaking audience : \"United Nations Prisoners in Korea,\" \"China Reconstructs,\" and two editions of \"People's China\"","A 1950 Japanese magazine, \"Silver Bell,\" for children and/or young adults - printed by the Hiroshima Publishing Company; a Second World War era Prisoner of War questionnare, and an American propoganda magazine in Chinese titled \"Free World\" magazine published for Asian coutries about the Unites States and \"Free\" Asian countries.","The Committee on Vietnam was a local organization in Lexington and Rockbridge County formed in opposition to the war effort. Riegel was a member of the Committee. This subseries consists of notes Riegel took of meetings and comments made by Committee members.","Riegel's correspondence related to the Vietnam war often focused on his hope in the ceasing of hostilities. Many letters are to congressmen, and other high ranking government officials. Included in this subseries are also a few letters from Riegel to President Johnson regarding the Vietnam War.","The government publications regarding the Vietnam War in Riegel's papers focus on the nature of war propaganda and the status of combatant strategy and techniques as the war progressed.","Items in this subseries consist of Riegel's notes about government events related to propaganda and public opinion in relation to the Vietnam War. These informal notes document events, such as National Liberation Front propaganda drives.","Items in this subseries relate to published or disseminated to the public referencing the Vietnam War. Items of note include a petition to end the war, a voter's pledge to support anti-war candidates, and booklets and magazines related to the war effort.","Items in this subseries are the oversize materials coming from other parts of the Propaganda series. Within this subseries are magazines and posters from the Cold War and the Vietnam War. Additionally, there is a 1:15000 road map of Hannover, Germany.","Items in this subseries consist of government reports related to the office of war information. they have some damaged and require creating a scan to ensure further damage is prevented.","Items in this subseries have not yet been processed into the collection. Materials range from the Inter-War period to the Cold War.","This series consists of items related to Riegel's work with the Public Opinion Quarterly, an academic journal that focuses on forms of media and their effects on the public, primarily via Radio, the Press, and Movies. The bulk of material in this series consists of correspondence between Riegel, editors for the Public Opinion Quarterly, and prospective article writers.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Communications was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the communications section of the journal.","This subseries consists of general correspondence between Riegel and approximately 160 correspondents on various topics relating to the Public Opinion Quarterly (POQ). Subjects include anticipated articles for the POQ, Events affecting the POQ, and the POQ's structure.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Movies was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the movies section of the journal.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Press was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the press section of the journal.","The Public Opinion Quarterly organized its articles into specific sections. Radio was  one of those sections. Items in this subseries consist primarily of correspondence about articles that would fall under the radio section of the journal.","Items in this series are relevant to the Southern Interscholastic Press Association. Within this series are correspondence between speakers for the conventions and O.W. Riegel, photographs of the annual convention, SIPA programs, Quill and Scroll Banquet artifacts, and speech excerpts from the various speakers. Some items and subjects of note include correspondence regarding the permission of black delegates during the process of desegregation, a scrapbook of events during the 1959 SIPA convention, a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll Banquet, and a penant commemorating the SIPA conference. Major correspondents and speakers include: Cartoonists Ken Bald and John Mendelsohn, Congressman John Moss, James P. Warburg, Ferdinand Kuhn, and Abe Jones.","this subseries focuses on the winners of various awards over the years of the SIPA conference at Washington and Lee University. Most items consist of list of winners and press releases.","Items in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.","Items in the folder consist of lists of award winners in the various SIPA competitions including best Newspaper, Yearbook, Magazine, and Radio broadcast.","Items in the folder consist of lists of seating charts for the front table at the SIPA Awards Luncheons","Items in the folder consist of annual lists of attendies who were to receive complementary accomodations to certain SIPA events.","This box of correspondence contains the only topical correspondence folder in the series, highlighting letters written that centered around the issues of desegregation and the contested permission of black delegates to SIPA. Afterwards, correspondence is alphabetical. Several renowned figures collaborated with O.W. Riegel by hosting their own sessions at the SIPA conference. Some of these figures include cartoonists Kenneth Bald and Douglas Borgstedt. Washington and Lee presidents Fred Cole and Francis Gaines are also included in this part of the collection.","Riegel corresponded with approximately 200 individuals reagarding events and issues with SIPA. This subseries contains correspondence with all individuals with last names beginning with K or later.","The contents in this box consist of photographs of SIPA events, news publications about SIPA, a few high school newspapers submitted to the SIPA competition, financial documents, executive committee notes, the SIPA constitution and bylaws, and samples from SIPA's annual current events quiz. Some items of note include a 1937 satirical edition of Thomas Jefferson High School's student newspaper,  The Jeffster , and photographs of the SIPA Awards banquet from 1953 and 1955.","Items in this sub-series consist of speeches and speech excerpts by various  SIPA conference speakers, and programs for the SIPA conference from 1930-1968, along with a few programs from the 1980's and 1991. Some of the speeches are stored in smaller boxes because they are printed on index cards. Additionally, there is a scroll from the 1954 Quill and Scroll banquet, housed in this sub-series in order to save space.","The contents in this sub-series consist of  artifacts from the Quill and Scroll Banquets, SIPA delegate registration instructions, the lodging needs of SIPA speakers, materials given to Riegel by speakers, additional instructions to staff, and miscellaneous items in the SIPA series. Some objects of note include a SIPA penant with Washington and Lee enscribed on it, A scrapbook of the events from SIPA in 1959, and Admission tickets to the 1954 SIPA events.","Items in this subseries are materials related to Riegel's work on Communication Satellites that have not yet been processed.","Items in this series relate to Virginia Democratic Politics from the early 1970s to the early 1980s. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee and attended the Virginia State Democratic Convention. His records include political correspondence between congressman Olin, delegate Davis, other local candidates, and party members.","Alice Rabe was a candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates seat representing Rockbridge County, Lexington, Buena Vista, Bedford County and the city of Bedford. Riegel gave advice and support for Alice in her campaign. Items in this subseries consist of correspondence between Riegel and Rabe, campaign materials, such as planned ads, and clippings relevant to the campaign.","Congressman Butler represented Virginia's 6th Congressional District. Within this subseries is a series of correspondence mostly from Riegel on various political topics. Most of Butler's correspondence consists of his periodic newsletters to his constituents.","Riegel's political correspondence within Virginia consists of over 20 correspondents, primarily on the topic of campaigns and elections. Some correspondents include former House of Delegates member Jim Davis, Delegate candidate Sprong, and democratic party officials.","Jim Olin was the congressional representative of Virginia's 6th district after Cadwell Butler. This subseries consists of correspondence between Riegel and the Congressman. The main topics discussed are funding for the \"MX Missle\" and issues over Olin's congressional fundraising operation in the mid to late 1980s.","This subseries consists of correspondence by county democratic officials to local democratic party members concerning campaign actions and fundraising. Riegel was a member of the Rockbridge County Democratic Committee.","Items in this subseries consist of materials that belong in the Journalism Department series but have not been processed into the collection yet.","After World War II, Riegel worked as a U.S. diplomat in Hungary. This subseries consists of items related to his time there. Items of note include his diplomatic ID, hungarian currency, hungarian newspapers and magazines, Monthly reports on his work in Hungary, and detailed notes on events he experienced while there.","Riegel was an avid collector of film related material, particularly from European sources. During his travels in Europe, Riegel attended numerous film festivals and kept materials from a variety of films. Additionally, he taught a course on motion picture and there are numerous items related to that course. Items of note include publications from an international film festival in Czechoslovakia, Film Festival attendance buttons, samples of film with descriptions of how film is used in the motion picture, and student work from Riegel's motion picture course he taught at Washington and Lee University.","The rest of the collection is still being processed. We anticipate additional series' to be added to the collection upon their completion. Some anticipated series include: Film, Riegel's early life, Pre-War Travel, Early Academic Work (undergrad and grad school, Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory, Communications Institutions (such as the International Association of Mass Communication Research), The Science Service, and Riegel's East-Germany Survey."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is one small box of assorted Newspaper Clippings related to Communication Sattelites, sorted by date (1962-1974) towards the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of materials printed for the public that Riegel kept from his travels abroad. Some items of note include US embassy guides to Bucharest, Romania and Sofia, Bulgaria, and some magazines from Romania and Poland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items from this subseries have been separated from the main collection of materials and have been placed into the propaganda series oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries focus primarily on public opinion and propaganda related to the Vietnam war. Items of note include propaganda leaflets, notes by anti-war committees, letters written to government officials about the war, and petitions to end the war. Some items are stored separately due to their size. Some war posters and pro-Viet Cong banners are in oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe leaflets in this subseries are targeted towards a Vietnamese audience. Each leaflet has an english description or translation of its content, reasoning for its use, and the intended reaction that should be evoked by the reader. Larger items are not stored with this subseries, but rather in oversize storage, mainly consisting of posters and pro-Viet Cong war banners.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["There is one small box of assorted Newspaper Clippings related to Communication Sattelites, sorted by date (1962-1974) towards the end of the collection.","This subseries consists of materials printed for the public that Riegel kept from his travels abroad. Some items of note include US embassy guides to Bucharest, Romania and Sofia, Bulgaria, and some magazines from Romania and Poland.","Some items from this subseries have been separated from the main collection of materials and have been placed into the propaganda series oversize storage.","Items in this subseries focus primarily on public opinion and propaganda related to the Vietnam war. Items of note include propaganda leaflets, notes by anti-war committees, letters written to government officials about the war, and petitions to end the war. Some items are stored separately due to their size. Some war posters and pro-Viet Cong banners are in oversize storage.","The leaflets in this subseries are targeted towards a Vietnamese audience. Each leaflet has an english description or translation of its content, reasoning for its use, and the intended reaction that should be evoked by the reader. Larger items are not stored with this subseries, but rather in oversize storage, mainly consisting of posters and pro-Viet Cong war banners."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Riegel, Hunt"],"persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2584,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04_c06_c07"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"#155 - Miller, Richard F.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#136-158"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#136-158"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#136-158","#155 - Miller, Richard F."],"title_filing_ssi":"#155 - Miller, Richard F.","title_ssm":["#155 - Miller, Richard F."],"title_tesim":["#155 - Miller, Richard F."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1952"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#155 - Miller, Richard F."],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":300,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#9/components#19","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003chead\u003eContains signatures of:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUlysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmbrose E. Burnside [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Tyler\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJ. Davis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLevi P. Morton [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Claflin [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDouglas Sladen [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[S. W. Lincoln Jr.?]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrover Cleveland [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRutherford B. Hayes [United States president]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn J. Audubon [naturalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBenjamin F. Butler [Union Army general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWalter Harriman [New Hampshire governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHorace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJoseph [W.?] Donahue\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames M. Harvey [Kansas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJohn Hoffman [New York governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHans von Bulow [pianist]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobert W. Chambers [American author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry Huntly Haight [California governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGeo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCharles [illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eE. M. Pease [Texas governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eH. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Gaston [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHenry W. Longfellow [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Dean Howells [author][with poem]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMargaret J. Preston [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem] \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMorrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAsa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJames Parton [author/biographer]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBayard Taylor [poet]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eThomas Hughes [English author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[illegible]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFrank Stockton [author]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilliam R. Marshall [Minnesota governor]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eW. L. Champney [artist][with drawing]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eP. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes original artwork] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[\"Notes \u0026amp; Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[bound collection of individual checklists]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-crowned night heron\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue Jay\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast bittern\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMeadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePewee [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWoodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAlder flaycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eAmerican coot n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eArkansas goldfinch 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle 1927\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBank swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBarn swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack-necked stilt n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBob white n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCalifornia towhee 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanadian warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClapper rail n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDuck hawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eDusky seaside sparrow 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [6 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bald eagle 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida bob white n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida meadowlark 1922 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida nighthawk n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida red-shouldered hawk 1928\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida redwing 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eGrasshopper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat white heron 1924\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGround dove n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHermit thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingbird 1902\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaughing gull 1910\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLazuli bunting n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMagnolia warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMyrtle warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eNashville warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNorthern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOlive-sided flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe 1902 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePrairie warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-billed tropic bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-cockaded woodpecker 1918\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-winged blackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuby-throat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuddy [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRusset-backed thrush 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSage grouse n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSalt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSamuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSand swallow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScarlet tanager n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eTennessee warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTowhee n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVermillion flycatcher 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVesper sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern flycatcher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern mockingbird 1920\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite-throated sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWilson's warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWorm-eating warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-billed cuckoo n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanvasback duck 1917\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCatbird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChestnut-sided warbler n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChickadee n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChimney swift n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eChipping sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDowny woodpecker n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eField sparrow n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlamingo n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlicker n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida cormorant n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFlorida jay n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFoster's tern n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGannet n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreat blue heron 1904\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreen heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHarlequin ducks n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHooded warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHouse wren n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eKingfisher n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLeast tern n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle blue heron n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLoggerhead shrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLouisiana water thrush n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMan o'war bird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOvenbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePelican 1935\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhoebe n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eRed-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRedstart n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRobin n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eScreech owl n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShrike n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSong sparrow n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e[Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSpotted sandpiper n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWater ouzel 1905\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWestern yellowthroat n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhip-poor-will n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhistling swan 1917 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite ibis n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhite pelican n.d.[2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWild turkey n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood ibis n.d. [4 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWood thrush n.d. [3 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eYellow warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBald eagle n.d. [2 copies]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaltimore oriole n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlack albatross 1913 [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlackbird n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-footed booby n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBlue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBluebird n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBridled tern 1921\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown pelican n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBrown thrasher n.d. [2 items]\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","[includes material relating to 19th-century Massachusetts militia units, one item bearing the signature of John Quincy Adams]","Contains signatures of: Ulysses S. Grant [Union Army general and United States president] Ambrose E. Burnside [Union Army general] William Tecumseh Sherman [Union Army general] Philip H. Sheridan [Union Army general] J. Tyler J. Davis Henry P. Baldwin [Michigan governor] Levi P. Morton [United States vice-president] Hannibal Hamlin [United States vice-president] William Claflin [Massachusetts governor] Douglas Sladen [English author] [S. W. Lincoln Jr.?] Grover Cleveland [United States president] Frances Folsom Cleveland [United States first lady] Rutherford B. Hayes [United States president] John J. Audubon [naturalist] Joshua L. Chamberlain [Maine governor] Benjamin F. Butler [Union Army general] Geo. H. Hepworth [minister and journalist] Walter Harriman [New Hampshire governor] Horace Greeley [newspaper editor; 1872 presidential candidate] Joseph [W.?] Donahue James M. Harvey [Kansas governor] John W. Geary [Pennsylvania governor] John Hoffman [New York governor] Hans von Bulow [pianist] Lucius Fairchild [Wisconsin governor] Robert W. Chambers [American author] Henry Huntly Haight [California governor] Geo. S. Boutwell [United States secretary of the treasury] Henry L. Pierce [Massachusetts congressman] Charles [illegible] E. M. Pease [Texas governor] H. L. Dawes [Massachusetts senator] William Gaston [Massachusetts governor] Alexander H. Rice [Massachusetts governor] Henry W. Longfellow [poet] William Dean Howells [author][with poem] Margaret J. Preston [poet] Oliver Wendall Holmes [United States Supreme Court justice][with poem]  William Cullen Bryant [poet and newspaper editor] Nathaniel B. Shurtleff [Boston mayor] Aaron V. Brown [United States postmaster-general] Marshall Jewell [United States postmaster-general] Morrison Remick Waite [United States Supreme Court chief justice] William Worth Belknap [United States secretary of war] Asa Gray [Harvard University professor of botany] Olive Thorne Miller [naturalist and children's writer] James Parton [author/biographer] Bayard Taylor [poet] Thomas Hughes [English author] [illegible] Frank Stockton [author] William R. Marshall [Minnesota governor] W. L. Champney [artist][with drawing] P. A. Rearick [United States Navy captain]","[notebook containing color plates extracted from unidentified publication]","[includes original artwork] ","[see also Oversize Materials]","[\"Notes \u0026 Memoranda Relating to Natural Science in General as Observed and Collected\"]","[see also Oversize Materials]","[photographs and research materials relating to Rapa Nui (also known as Easter Island)] ","[2 folders]","[bound collection of individual checklists]","[identified by Bailey as being from reports of the New York Fish Commission]","Baltimore oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Blackbird Black-crowned night heron Blue Jay Bluebird [2 items] Bobolink [accompanied by black-and-white original] Brown thrasher [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Catbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Chimney swift [accompanied by black-and-white original Chipping sparrow Crow Field sparrow Indigo bunting [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Kingbird [accompanied by black-and-white original] Kingfisher [accompanied by black-and-white original] Least bittern Louisiana water thrush [accompanied by black-and-white original Meadowlark [accompanied by black-and-white original]","Orchard oriole [accompanied by black-and-white original] Ovenbird Pewee [accompanied by black-and-white original] Red-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Robin","Whip-poor-will [accompanied by black-and-white original] White-eyed vireo [accompanied by black-and-white original] Woodcock [accompanied by black-and-white original Yellow-billed cuckoo Yellow-breasted chat [accompanied by black-and-white original","Alder flaycatcher n.d. American coot n.d. [2 items] Arkansas goldfinch 1904 Bald eagle 1927 Bank swallow n.d. Barn swallow n.d.","Black and white warbler (with cowbird) n.d. Black-billed cuckoo n.d. Black-headed grosbeak n.d. [2 copies] Black-necked stilt n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. Bob white n.d. [2 items]","California towhee 1904 Canadian grouse n.d. Canadian warbler n.d. Cape sable seaside sparrow 1921, n.d.","Chestnut-sided warbler 1902, n.d. [3 items] Chickadee n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Clapper rail n.d. Downy woodpecker n.d. Duck hawk n.d. Dusky seaside sparrow 1920","Field sparrow n.d. Flamingo n.d. [6 items] Florida bald eagle 1921 Florida bob white n.d. Florida meadowlark 1922 [2 items] Florida nighthawk n.d. Florida red-shouldered hawk 1928 Florida redwing 1920","Grasshopper sparrow n.d. Great white heron 1924 Ground dove n.d. [2 items] Hermit thrush n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. House wren n.d. Kingbird 1902 Kingfisher n.d.","Laughing gull 1910 Lazuli bunting n.d. Least flycatcher (with cowbird) n.d. Least tern n.d. [2 items] Loggerhead shrike n.d. Magnolia warbler n.d. Myrtle warbler n.d.","Nashville warbler n.d. Northern yellowthroat n.d. Olive-sided flycatcher n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Phoebe 1902 [2 items] Prairie warbler n.d.","Red-billed tropic bird n.d. Red-cockaded woodpecker 1918 Red-winged blackbird n.d. Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. Ruby-throat n.d. Ruddy [2 items] Russet-backed thrush 1904","Sage grouse n.d. Salt marsh yellow throat n.d. [2 items] Samuel's song sparrow n.d. [2 items] Sand swallow n.d. Scarlet tanager n.d. Screech owl n.d.","Tennessee warbler n.d. Towhee n.d. Vermillion flycatcher 1935 Vesper sparrow n.d. Western flycatcher n.d. Western mockingbird 1920 Western red-tailed hawk 1904 [2 copies] White-crowned pigeon 1921, n.d. White-throated sparrow n.d.","Wilson's plover 1932 n.d. [3 items] Wilson's thrush n.d. Wilson's warbler n.d. Wood ibis n.d. [2 items] Wood thrush n.d. Worm-eating warbler n.d. Yellow-billed cuckoo n.d. Yellow warbler n.d.","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","Canada goose 1917, n.d. [3 items] Canvasback duck 1917 Catbird n.d. [2 items] Chestnut-sided warbler n.d. Chickadee n.d. [2 items] Chimney swift n.d. Chipping sparrow n.d. Crow n.d.","Downy woodpecker n.d. Field sparrow n.d. [3 items] Flamingo n.d. [3 items] Flicker n.d. [2 items]","Florida burrowing owl 1920, n.d. [2 items] Florida cormorant n.d. Florida jay n.d. Foster's tern n.d. Gannet n.d. [2 items] Great blue heron 1904 Green heron n.d. Harlequin ducks n.d. Hooded warbler n.d. [2 items] House wren n.d.","Kingfisher n.d. Least tern n.d. [3 items] Little blue heron n.d. Loggerhead shrike n.d. Louisiana water thrush n.d. Man o'war bird n.d. Ovenbird n.d. Pelican 1935 Phoebe n.d. [3 items]","Red-eyed vireo n.d. [4 items] Redstart n.d. Robin n.d. [3 items] Rose-breasted grosbeak n.d. [2 items]","Screech owl n.d. [3 items] Shrike n.d. Song sparrow n.d. [Southeastern American kestrel] n.d. [4 items] Spotted sandpiper n.d.","Water ouzel 1905 Western yellowthroat n.d. Whip-poor-will n.d. Whistling swan 1917 [2 items] White albatross 1913 [2 items] White ibis n.d. White pelican n.d.[2 items] Wild turkey n.d. [2 items]","Wood ibis n.d. [4 items] Wood thrush n.d. [3 items] Yellow-breasted chat n.d. [2 items] Yellow warbler n.d. [2 items]","Bald eagle n.d. [2 copies] Baltimore oriole n.d. Black albatross 1913 [2 items] Blackbird n.d. Blue-footed booby n.d. Blue-winged warbler n.d. [2 items] Bluebird n.d. [2 items] Bridled tern 1921 Brown pelican n.d. Brown thrasher n.d. [2 items]","[artist unknown; given to Bailey by Charles Townsend]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:51.534Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c10_c20"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05"],"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157","viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_157","viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,"],"text":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides ,","1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,","box 1","folder 5"],"title_filing_ssi":"1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,","title_ssm":["1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,"],"title_tesim":["1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1920-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1-5 Cerebral hemisphere in situ (from a child) ,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:50:48.709Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_157","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_7_resources_157.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/128880","title_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"title_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157"],"text":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157","The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection","7 boxes with the dimensions of 4.5 inches x 3.5 inches x 10.5 inches","Collection is open to research.","Materials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library.","Since its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.","\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n","\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n","\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n","\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n","Processed by: Historical Collections Staff","This collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science.","\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n","Claude Moore Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.55","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/157"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"collection_ssim":["The University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. John Herr found the collection in a University of Virginia School of Medicine Anatomy Laboratory and transferred it to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library in 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["7 boxes with the dimensions of 4.5 inches x 3.5 inches x 10.5 inches"],"extent_ssm":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials in the first series \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\" are arranged in numerical order according to numbers assigned to the slides by their manufacturer. Materials in the second series \"Cephalophagus presentation slides\" are arranged according to their original order at the time of the collection's acquisition by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information for Anatomy Education at the University of Virginia","Historical Information for the Keystone View Company"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since its first session in 1825, the University of Virginia has included the study of human anatomy in its medical curriculum. The University has constructed a number of anatomical theatres and laboratories to support this study. It also has purchased educational tools and media for use in anatomy classrooms. During the early twentieth century, lantern slides produced by the Keystone View Company and other manufacturers were one kind of educational media that was used to support the instruction of human anatomy at the University of Virginia.","\nThe Keystone View Company, established in 1892 by amateur photographer B.L. Singley, was a distributor of stereographic images and lantern slides. At the height of its success, the Keystone View Company dominated the stereographic image market, operated branch offices in multiple cities, and sent photographers to all corners of the globe.\n","\nB.L. Singley initially founded the Keystone View Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania as a vehicle for mass producing and distributing prints of his own photographic works. Six years after the company's founding, Keystone began to produce stereographic images and would rapidly become a leader in this form of media.\n","\nBy 1905, the Keystone View Company had become a world leader in stereoscopic imagery and sold nearly 20,000 views depicting a wide range of subjects. However, company leaders recognized that popular demand for stereoscopic images would decline as motion pictures became more widely available to the public and sought a new market for their product. Ultimately, the Keystone View Company decided to enter the educational products market. Between 1905 and 1963, the company produced hundreds of educational lantern slide and stereograph sets and aggressively marketed them directly to schools including the University of Virginia.\n","\nIn 1963, the Keystone View Company, plagued by declining sales, was bought by the Mast Development Company. The Mast Development Company later donated the archives of the Keystone View Company, which consists of over 350,000 photographic and print items, to the University of California Riverside, where they reside today.\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eProcessed by:\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHistorical Collections Staff\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Processed by: Historical Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides Collection, Accession #MS-55, Historical Collections, Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["University of Virginia Anatomy Laboratory Lantern Slides Collection, Accession #MS-55, Historical Collections, Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is divided into two series. The first series, \"Keystone View Company anatomy slides\", is a nearly complete set of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that depict black-and-white photographic images showing various parts of human anatomy. The Keystone View Company most likely produced and sold this slide set sometime between 1920 and 1950. The second series, \"Cephalapagus presentation slides\", consists of 3 x 5 inch lantern slides that were used in a presentation at an academic conference. The presentation was titled, \"Dissection of a Human Craniopagus Parietalis\". The presentation was given by Robert B. Moore and Arthur H. Wasser of the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1959 at the annual meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["\nCopyright for materials in Series I: Keystone View Company anatomy slides, has been assigned to the University of California Regents and is administered by University of California Riverside-California Museum of Photography (UCR-CMP). All requests for permission to publish reproductions from photographs or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to UCR-CMP.\n","\nThe reproduction rights for materials in Series II: Cephalopagus presentation slides, are owned by an unknown individual, group, or institution. The University of Virginia does not have the right to publish or grant permission to publish these materials.\n","\nCopyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes.\n"],"names_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:50:48.709Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_157_c01_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c102","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"15th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c102#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c102","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c102"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c102","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","15th Virginia Infantry","box 41","folder 37"],"title_filing_ssi":"15th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["15th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["15th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861, 1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["15th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":448,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 37"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#101","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. 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