{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=73","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=72","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=74","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=85"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":73,"next_page":74,"prev_page":72,"total_pages":85,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":720,"total_count":846,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series B: University of Virginia, 1884/1938","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence and other materials dated 1884-1938.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VII: Education, 1878/1941"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67","vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c07"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series B: University of Virginia","title_ssm":["Sub-Series B: University of Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series B: University of Virginia"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series B: University of Virginia, 1884/1938"],"text":["Sub-Series B: University of Virginia, 1884/1938","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VII: Education, 1878/1941","Includes correspondence and other materials dated 1884-1938."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VII: Education, 1878/1941"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VII: Education, 1878/1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1938"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1884-1938, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":239,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence and other materials dated 1884-1938.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes correspondence and other materials dated 1884-1938."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. 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Banks Papers, 1855/1974"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_103","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_103","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_103","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_103","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_103.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/103","title_filing_ssi":"Banks, Benjamin A.","title_ssm":["Benjamin A. 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He served on the Norfolk Board of Alderman from 1908 to 1911 at which point he resigned to take up the seat he had recently won in the Virginia House of Delegates. Banks did not run for reelection however, and all his subsequent attempts to return to public office: Virginia State Senate (1923); Commonwealth's Attorney for Norfolk (1925); House of Delegates (1933, 1937) ended in defeat. Nonetheless, he played an active role in Norfolk's Democratic politics from the 1900's through the 1940's. He participated in most local election campaigns and was frequently called on to make radio speeches on behalf of the candidates. For example, he successfully supported Norman Hamilton against Colgate Darden for Congress in 1936 and then aided Darden to defeat Hamilton in 1938. Banks was elected Norfolk chairman of the Virginia Liberal League in 1918 and, in 1937, he helped found the Citizen's Democratic League, a group that supported candidates against the dominant local Democratic organization, with only limited success, until its demise in the early 1940's. Banks was also an active campaigner for Democratic presidential candidates from Woodrow Wilson to George McGovern. He was particularly active in the Roosevelt clubs that developed in the 1930's.","Banks was a prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community and was especially interested in promoting better understanding among Christians and Jews. He worked toward this goal in many letters written to local newspapers, especially in his annual Christmas \"epistles.\" His numerous letters to the editors of the leading Norfolk and Richmond newspapers dealt with many topics, more often with political issues - local, state, and national. Their range-from Prohibition and the Ku Klux Klan to Vietnam and Watergate - symbolize the length of his concerns with political issues. Bank's letters also won him plaudits from many members of the Tidewater community and from political figures throughout the entire Commonwealth of Virginia.","Note written by James F. Walsh","The papers of Benjamin Banks include letters to the editor, speeches, and literary materials. Political papers span Banks' political career (1908-1913) and his continuing involvement in political issues through the 1940's. Also included in the collection are scrapbooks of newspaper clippings, photographs, memorabilia, and Manuals of the Senate and House of Delegates of Virginia.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Lawyer and prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community. Served on the Norfolk Board of Aldermen (1908-1911) and in the Virginia House of Delegates (1911-1913). Active in local, state and national politics. Includes personal and political correspondence, scrapbooks, letters to the editor, and photographs.","ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly","Banks, Benjamin A. (1884-1974)","English\n      Yiddish"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin A. Banks Papers, 1855/1974"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin A. 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Banks (original family name Bonk) was born, according to his own testimony, on May 18, 1884, in Baltimore, Maryland. Soon after his father's death his family moved to Norfolk, Virginia, where they had relatives living. Banks received his only formal education in Norfolk's public schools. He then studied law on his own and was admitted to the Virginia Bar in November 1909. He continued to practice law until his death on April 27, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1908 through 1913, Banks served as editor and publisher of The Galaxy, a literary magazine which he hoped would enjoy critical and financial success not only in Norfolk but throughout the South. His colleague in this unsuccessful effort was local poet George Viett, who remained Banks' close friend until his death in 1943. Banks' first forays into the political arena in Norfolk were quite successful. He served on the Norfolk Board of Alderman from 1908 to 1911 at which point he resigned to take up the seat he had recently won in the Virginia House of Delegates. Banks did not run for reelection however, and all his subsequent attempts to return to public office: Virginia State Senate (1923); Commonwealth's Attorney for Norfolk (1925); House of Delegates (1933, 1937) ended in defeat. Nonetheless, he played an active role in Norfolk's Democratic politics from the 1900's through the 1940's. He participated in most local election campaigns and was frequently called on to make radio speeches on behalf of the candidates. For example, he successfully supported Norman Hamilton against Colgate Darden for Congress in 1936 and then aided Darden to defeat Hamilton in 1938. Banks was elected Norfolk chairman of the Virginia Liberal League in 1918 and, in 1937, he helped found the Citizen's Democratic League, a group that supported candidates against the dominant local Democratic organization, with only limited success, until its demise in the early 1940's. Banks was also an active campaigner for Democratic presidential candidates from Woodrow Wilson to George McGovern. He was particularly active in the Roosevelt clubs that developed in the 1930's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBanks was a prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community and was especially interested in promoting better understanding among Christians and Jews. He worked toward this goal in many letters written to local newspapers, especially in his annual Christmas \"epistles.\" His numerous letters to the editors of the leading Norfolk and Richmond newspapers dealt with many topics, more often with political issues - local, state, and national. Their range-from Prohibition and the Ku Klux Klan to Vietnam and Watergate - symbolize the length of his concerns with political issues. Bank's letters also won him plaudits from many members of the Tidewater community and from political figures throughout the entire Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by James F. Walsh\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin A. Banks (original family name Bonk) was born, according to his own testimony, on May 18, 1884, in Baltimore, Maryland. Soon after his father's death his family moved to Norfolk, Virginia, where they had relatives living. Banks received his only formal education in Norfolk's public schools. He then studied law on his own and was admitted to the Virginia Bar in November 1909. He continued to practice law until his death on April 27, 1974.","From 1908 through 1913, Banks served as editor and publisher of The Galaxy, a literary magazine which he hoped would enjoy critical and financial success not only in Norfolk but throughout the South. His colleague in this unsuccessful effort was local poet George Viett, who remained Banks' close friend until his death in 1943. Banks' first forays into the political arena in Norfolk were quite successful. He served on the Norfolk Board of Alderman from 1908 to 1911 at which point he resigned to take up the seat he had recently won in the Virginia House of Delegates. Banks did not run for reelection however, and all his subsequent attempts to return to public office: Virginia State Senate (1923); Commonwealth's Attorney for Norfolk (1925); House of Delegates (1933, 1937) ended in defeat. Nonetheless, he played an active role in Norfolk's Democratic politics from the 1900's through the 1940's. He participated in most local election campaigns and was frequently called on to make radio speeches on behalf of the candidates. For example, he successfully supported Norman Hamilton against Colgate Darden for Congress in 1936 and then aided Darden to defeat Hamilton in 1938. Banks was elected Norfolk chairman of the Virginia Liberal League in 1918 and, in 1937, he helped found the Citizen's Democratic League, a group that supported candidates against the dominant local Democratic organization, with only limited success, until its demise in the early 1940's. Banks was also an active campaigner for Democratic presidential candidates from Woodrow Wilson to George McGovern. He was particularly active in the Roosevelt clubs that developed in the 1930's.","Banks was a prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community and was especially interested in promoting better understanding among Christians and Jews. He worked toward this goal in many letters written to local newspapers, especially in his annual Christmas \"epistles.\" His numerous letters to the editors of the leading Norfolk and Richmond newspapers dealt with many topics, more often with political issues - local, state, and national. Their range-from Prohibition and the Ku Klux Klan to Vietnam and Watergate - symbolize the length of his concerns with political issues. Bank's letters also won him plaudits from many members of the Tidewater community and from political figures throughout the entire Commonwealth of Virginia.","Note written by James F. Walsh"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Benjamin A. Banks Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Benjamin A. Banks Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Benjamin Banks include letters to the editor, speeches, and literary materials. Political papers span Banks' political career (1908-1913) and his continuing involvement in political issues through the 1940's. Also included in the collection are scrapbooks of newspaper clippings, photographs, memorabilia, and Manuals of the Senate and House of Delegates of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Benjamin Banks include letters to the editor, speeches, and literary materials. Political papers span Banks' political career (1908-1913) and his continuing involvement in political issues through the 1940's. Also included in the collection are scrapbooks of newspaper clippings, photographs, memorabilia, and Manuals of the Senate and House of Delegates of Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_db8b6bbda8dc93780c6c66436b6855d9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLawyer and prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community. Served on the Norfolk Board of Aldermen (1908-1911) and in the Virginia House of Delegates (1911-1913). Active in local, state and national politics. Includes personal and political correspondence, scrapbooks, letters to the editor, and photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lawyer and prominent member of the Norfolk Jewish community. Served on the Norfolk Board of Aldermen (1908-1911) and in the Virginia House of Delegates (1911-1913). Active in local, state and national politics. Includes personal and political correspondence, scrapbooks, letters to the editor, and photographs."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly","Banks, Benjamin A. (1884-1974)"],"persname_ssim":["Banks, Benjamin A. (1884-1974)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Virginia. General Assembly","Banks, Benjamin A. 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Norfolk Division--Faculty","Open to researches without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in November 1977 and 1979.","The collection is organized into the following series: I. Personal; II. Navy Reserves; III. Professional; IV. Photographs; V. 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There is also much information on planetariums and projectors that Sherwood gathered in preparation for designing the Pretlow Planetarium at Old Dominion."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7036e9d39999ddd8fa34882d6375b902\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCalder Smith Sherwood, III was a chemistry professor at Old Dominion University who served as faculty member in the College of Sciences from 1939-1977, teaching chemistry, astronomy, and geophysical sciences at the university.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Calder Smith Sherwood, III was a chemistry professor at Old Dominion University who served as faculty member in the College of Sciences from 1939-1977, teaching chemistry, astronomy, and geophysical sciences at the university."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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Of particular note are Mr. Cox's overseas correspondence and postcards, and the correspondence between Mr. Cox and his son. Material is arranged alphabetically, and then chronologically under each topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains various correspondences, postcards, holiday, birthday, and get well cards dating from the 1902-1996. Of particular note are Mr. Cox's overseas correspondence and postcards, and the correspondence between Mr. Cox and his son. Material is arranged alphabetically, and then chronologically under each topic."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_260.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/260","title_filing_ssi":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr.","title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-2002, undated","Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2002, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"text":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.","The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.","Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)","This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"collection_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"creators_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr.","Gift. Accession #A77-71"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"extent_tesim":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEven while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_90aede5b87e629e179a2d019030ee11a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2881,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_260_c04_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: Education, 1906/1999","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Conoly Phillips' education. Included are materials related to his childhood and elementary education; his high school graduation and 50th reunion from Maury High; his service in the Air Force; and his college years at the University of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05","parent_ssim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010","Series V: Personal Information, 1906/2010"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_307","vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: Education","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Education"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: Education"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Education, 1906/1999"],"text":["Sub-Series C: Education, 1906/1999","George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010","Series V: Personal Information, 1906/2010","This sub-series contains material related to Conoly Phillips' education. Included are materials related to his childhood and elementary education; his high school graduation and 50th reunion from Maury High; his service in the Air Force; and his college years at the University of Georgia."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010","Series V: Personal Information, 1906/2010"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010","Series V: Personal Information, 1906/2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1906/1999"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1906-1999"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":571,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Conoly Phillips' education. Included are materials related to his childhood and elementary education; his high school graduation and 50th reunion from Maury High; his service in the Air Force; and his college years at the University of Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains material related to Conoly Phillips' education. Included are materials related to his childhood and elementary education; his high school graduation and 50th reunion from Maury High; his service in the Air Force; and his college years at the University of Georgia."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_307","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_307.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/307","title_filing_ssi":"Phillips, George Conoly","title_ssm":["George Conoly Phillips Papers"],"title_tesim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1906-2010, undated","Date acquired: 03/24/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1906-2010, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/24/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010"],"text":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010","MG 15","/repositories/5/resources/307","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Automobile dealers--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1978, 1981, 2005, and 2011.","The collection is organized into the following series: Series I: Auto Dealership; Series II: Religious Activities; Series III: Community/Civic Memberships and Activities; Series IV: Political Activities; Series V: Personal Information; Series VI: Writing and Speeches; Series VII: Multimedia; Series VIII: Artifacts; and Series IX: Oversize.","George Conoly Phillips was born on December 17, 1931, in Daytona Beach Florida. Phillips was an honor graduate of Maury High School of Norfolk in 1949. He later graduated with his Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Georgia in 1953. At the University of Georgia he was a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the National Leadership Honor Society, and a Cadet Colonel of the Air Force R.O.T.C. He received his MBA degree from Old Dominion University in 1976. He served two years as a Lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force.","In 1956, Conoly Phillips and his brother, Tench Phillips opened the Phillips Brothers used car dealership. They founded Phillips Brothers Automoville in 1964. The brothers acquired the Rambler franchise in 1960. In 1964, Tench received the Oldsmobile franchise, and Conoly continued with the Lincoln-Mercury franchise. Conoly Phillips was President, and the later chairman, of Conoly Phillips Lincoln-Mercury. He retired from daily management in 1999 when his company merged with Freedom Automotive. He currently remains a partner in Freedom Automotive.","Conoly Phillips' was also President of the Tidewater Better Business Bureau in 1967 and 1968, President of the United Drug Abuse Commission from 1970-1976, President of the Northside Rotary Club, First Vice-President of the United Way of Virginia, Member of the Central Budget Committee of the United Communities Fund, Former Representative of the City of Norfolk on the Adult Continuing Education Committee, Vice-President of the Sales and Marketing Executives Club of Tidewater, President of the Tidewater Automobile Dealers Association in 1963 and much more. George Conoly Phillips passed away on April 22, 2020 in Norfolk, Virginia.","The papers of George Conoly Phillips date from 1909 to 2010. The collection contains material related to his automotive business, political career, religious background, and personal life.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Norfolk City Council member. Served as President of the United Drug Abuse Council and was active in the Inter-Christian Fellowship, the Christian Broadcasting Network, and the United Community Fund. Documents his activities in politics, business and civic affairs.","ODU Community Collections","First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)","Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010"],"collection_ssim":["George Conoly Phillips Papers, 1909/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 15","/repositories/5/resources/307"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 15","/repositories/5/resources/307"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)"],"creator_ssim":["Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)","ODU Community Collections","First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["George Conoly Phillips","Gift. Accession #A77-77-19"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Automobile dealers--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Automobile dealers--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.60 Linear Feet","26 Hollinger document cases, 2 half-sized Hollinger document cases, 3 index card boxes, 1 clamshell box, 1 artifact box and 4 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["19.60 Linear Feet","26 Hollinger document cases, 2 half-sized Hollinger document cases, 3 index card boxes, 1 clamshell box, 1 artifact box and 4 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1978, 1981, 2005, and 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1978, 1981, 2005, and 2011."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: Series I: Auto Dealership; Series II: Religious Activities; Series III: Community/Civic Memberships and Activities; Series IV: Political Activities; Series V: Personal Information; Series VI: Writing and Speeches; Series VII: Multimedia; Series VIII: Artifacts; and Series IX: Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into the following series: Series I: Auto Dealership; Series II: Religious Activities; Series III: Community/Civic Memberships and Activities; Series IV: Political Activities; Series V: Personal Information; Series VI: Writing and Speeches; Series VII: Multimedia; Series VIII: Artifacts; and Series IX: Oversize."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Conoly Phillips was born on December 17, 1931, in Daytona Beach Florida. Phillips was an honor graduate of Maury High School of Norfolk in 1949. He later graduated with his Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Georgia in 1953. At the University of Georgia he was a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the National Leadership Honor Society, and a Cadet Colonel of the Air Force R.O.T.C. He received his MBA degree from Old Dominion University in 1976. He served two years as a Lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1956, Conoly Phillips and his brother, Tench Phillips opened the Phillips Brothers used car dealership. They founded Phillips Brothers Automoville in 1964. The brothers acquired the Rambler franchise in 1960. In 1964, Tench received the Oldsmobile franchise, and Conoly continued with the Lincoln-Mercury franchise. Conoly Phillips was President, and the later chairman, of Conoly Phillips Lincoln-Mercury. He retired from daily management in 1999 when his company merged with Freedom Automotive. He currently remains a partner in Freedom Automotive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConoly Phillips' was also President of the Tidewater Better Business Bureau in 1967 and 1968, President of the United Drug Abuse Commission from 1970-1976, President of the Northside Rotary Club, First Vice-President of the United Way of Virginia, Member of the Central Budget Committee of the United Communities Fund, Former Representative of the City of Norfolk on the Adult Continuing Education Committee, Vice-President of the Sales and Marketing Executives Club of Tidewater, President of the Tidewater Automobile Dealers Association in 1963 and much more. George Conoly Phillips passed away on April 22, 2020 in Norfolk, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Conoly Phillips was born on December 17, 1931, in Daytona Beach Florida. Phillips was an honor graduate of Maury High School of Norfolk in 1949. He later graduated with his Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Georgia in 1953. At the University of Georgia he was a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the National Leadership Honor Society, and a Cadet Colonel of the Air Force R.O.T.C. He received his MBA degree from Old Dominion University in 1976. He served two years as a Lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force.","In 1956, Conoly Phillips and his brother, Tench Phillips opened the Phillips Brothers used car dealership. They founded Phillips Brothers Automoville in 1964. The brothers acquired the Rambler franchise in 1960. In 1964, Tench received the Oldsmobile franchise, and Conoly continued with the Lincoln-Mercury franchise. Conoly Phillips was President, and the later chairman, of Conoly Phillips Lincoln-Mercury. He retired from daily management in 1999 when his company merged with Freedom Automotive. He currently remains a partner in Freedom Automotive.","Conoly Phillips' was also President of the Tidewater Better Business Bureau in 1967 and 1968, President of the United Drug Abuse Commission from 1970-1976, President of the Northside Rotary Club, First Vice-President of the United Way of Virginia, Member of the Central Budget Committee of the United Communities Fund, Former Representative of the City of Norfolk on the Adult Continuing Education Committee, Vice-President of the Sales and Marketing Executives Club of Tidewater, President of the Tidewater Automobile Dealers Association in 1963 and much more. George Conoly Phillips passed away on April 22, 2020 in Norfolk, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], George Conoly Phillips Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], George Conoly Phillips Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of George Conoly Phillips date from 1909 to 2010. The collection contains material related to his automotive business, political career, religious background, and personal life.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of George Conoly Phillips date from 1909 to 2010. The collection contains material related to his automotive business, political career, religious background, and personal life."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e491e9109b4b40f722505fb937a25f8d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eNorfolk City Council member. Served as President of the United Drug Abuse Council and was active in the Inter-Christian Fellowship, the Christian Broadcasting Network, and the United Community Fund. Documents his activities in politics, business and civic affairs.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Norfolk City Council member. Served as President of the United Drug Abuse Council and was active in the Inter-Christian Fellowship, the Christian Broadcasting Network, and the United Community Fund. Documents his activities in politics, business and civic affairs."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)","Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)"],"persname_ssim":["Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","First Presbyterian Church of Norfolk (Va.)","Phillips Automotive Inc.","Freedom Automotive (Norfolk, Va.)","Phillips, George Conoly (1931-2020)","Robertson, Pat (1930-)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":754,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_307_c05_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook, 1909/1951","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01","parent_ssim":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977","Series I: Correspondence, 1889/1976"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_107","vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook, 1909/1951"],"text":["Sub-Series C: Emma Blow Freeman Cook, 1909/1951","Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977","Series I: Correspondence, 1889/1976"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977","Series I: Correspondence, 1889/1976"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977","Series I: Correspondence, 1889/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909/1951"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1909-1951"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":13,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_107.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/107","title_filing_ssi":"Cook Family","title_ssm":["Cook Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Cook Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-1977, undated","Date acquired: 05/12/1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1977, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/12/1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1872/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977"],"text":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977","MG 46","/repositories/5/resources/107","Virginia--Genealogy","Families--Virginia--History--19th century","Families--Virginia--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into twelve series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Minutes and Proceedings; Series III: Diaries; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Financial Documents; Series VI: Photographic Material; Series VII: Literary Productions; Series VIII: Legal Documents; Series IX: Scrapbooks and Scrapbook Material; Series X: Artifacts; Series XI: Charts, Diagrams, Lists, Real Estate Plats, and Maps; and Series XII: Genealogy.","The family of Henry Clarico Freeman Cook, the donor of the Cook Family Papers, dates to several distinguished Virginians. The family traces its ancestry to Richard Blow, a dominant figure in the business life of eighteenth and nineteenth century Virginia. The papers of Richard Blow are with the Blow Family Papers in the manuscripts collection of the Library of the College of William and Mary. Richard Blow's grandson, George Blow Jr., was a Norfolk judge and a member of the state convention for Virginia's secession at the time of the Civil war. Judge George Blow and his wife, Elizabeth Taylor Allmand, settled on Boush Street in Norfolk, where their daughter, Emma, grew up. Blow Street in Norfolk is named after this family.","Emma Blow married Arthur Clarico Freeman and they had three children, Arthur II, Elizabeth Allmond (\"Lizzie\"), and Emma. It is this generation and their descendants which the Cook Family Papers detail.","Arthur II was born in 1878 and graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1897. His interest in engineering led him to several inventions, some of which he attempted to sell to the government during World Wars I and II. He married a woman named Elsa, of whom his family disapproved, forcing Arthur to leave Norfolk and settle in Pennsylvania. In 1924, Elsa died and Arthur returned to Norfolk with his four children. In the 1950's, Arthur carried on much correspondence with Katherine Groner Shropshire who resided in New York and later in St. Augustine, Florida. Her letters to Arthur are quite revealing; unfortunately the collection contains few letters from Arthur to Katherine.","Of Arthur's children, the collection reveals information only about his daughter, Elfrieda Blow Freeman (\"Elf\"). Elfrieda married Merton B. Tice and settled in Mitchell, South Dakota. Tice was active in state politics and Elfrieda became National President of the Ladies Auxiliary of the Veterans of Foreign Wars in 1963. They had three children, Charles, Baird, and Virginia.","The collection reveals little information about Elizabeth Allmond Freeman (\"Lizzie\"). Lizzie founded the Edgewater Garden Club and lived in the family home in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk with her sister, Emma, until her death.","Emma Blow Freeman married Allen Merriam Cook and they initially settled in the family home on Boush Street. They had three children; Allen Blow, and twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice.","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1893 and served in the Navy until 1919, retiring with the rank of commander. Allen M. Cook's Naval career took him to assignments throughout the United States, while his wife remained in Norfolk. Emma Freeman Cook was active in the Edgewater Garden Club and the Great Bridge Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Upon his retirement, Commander Cook carried on a large real estate business in Norfolk. When he died in 1941, his widow continued to live at the family's home in Edgewater until her death in 1956.","Allen Blow Cook was born in 1899 and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1921. A physical disability caused him to retire in 1926. He received his masters degree in 1929 from the University of Virginia and joined the faculty at the Naval Academy. In 1942, he was recalled to active duty and retired in 1947 with the rank of commander. Upon retirement he returned to the Naval Academy faculty. He died in 1971.","The twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice, were born in 1909. The collection contains little information of Clarice, other than a few references in the family's correspondence. She married Arthur Gardner and settled in New York.","At the time this biography was written, Freeman Cook, the donor of the collection, was living in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Though he received a scholarship to Virginia Polytechnic Institute, his family wished him to attend the University of Virginia, where he would be a \"gentleman.\" He did attend UVA and studied agriculture. He later traveled and worked throughout the U.S. and in Panama, where he met his wife, Pepita.","Freeman enlisted in the Navy, though the collection only reveals that in 1944 he was a Chief Petty Officer stationed in Norfolk.","The Cook Family is perhaps most notable for their residence, The Tazewell House, in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk. Once the home of Littleton Waller Tazewell, a U.S. Senator and Governor of Virginia in the nineteenth century, the mansion was originally located at Granby and Boush Streets in Norfolk. When the mansion- was threatened in the early twentieth century, Emma Blow Freeman (Mrs. Arthur Clarico Freeman) purchased the house, and had it dismantled and reassembled on a site facing the Elizabeth River in Edgewater. According to a newsclipping in the collection, even the trees on the original site were uprooted and replanted at the new location. The Cook Family lived in the home at least until 1960's. Today, the privately owned Tazewell House is on the National Register of Historic Places.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","Portions of the material are extremely fragile. Consult a staff member for assistance.","The collection was rehoused into acid-free folders and boxes by Javonte Baker, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from February through April 2018.","The collection includes material documenting the lives of the children of Arthur Clarico and Emma Blow Freeman, and later generations. Most of the collection centers on the personal and business papers of Allen Merriam Cook. The collection documents a Norfolk family, the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a Naval officer.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Bulk of collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook and documents the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a naval officer from 1899 to 1919. Includes business papers, financial documents, diaries, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspaper clippings. Of note are the minutes and proceedings of the Princess Anne and Norfolk Mutual Building and Loan Association.","ODU Community Collections","Cook family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Cook Family Papers, 1872/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 46","/repositories/5/resources/107"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 46","/repositories/5/resources/107"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Genealogy"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Cook family"],"creator_ssim":["Cook family"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Cook family"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Cook family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["H.C. Freeman Cook","Gift. Accession #A80-24"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Families--Virginia--History--19th century","Families--Virginia--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Families--Virginia--History--19th century","Families--Virginia--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.00 Linear Feet","20 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.00 Linear Feet","20 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into twelve series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Minutes and Proceedings; Series III: Diaries; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Financial Documents; Series VI: Photographic Material; Series VII: Literary Productions; Series VIII: Legal Documents; Series IX: Scrapbooks and Scrapbook Material; Series X: Artifacts; Series XI: Charts, Diagrams, Lists, Real Estate Plats, and Maps; and Series XII: Genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into twelve series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Minutes and Proceedings; Series III: Diaries; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Financial Documents; Series VI: Photographic Material; Series VII: Literary Productions; Series VIII: Legal Documents; Series IX: Scrapbooks and Scrapbook Material; Series X: Artifacts; Series XI: Charts, Diagrams, Lists, Real Estate Plats, and Maps; and Series XII: Genealogy."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe family of Henry Clarico Freeman Cook, the donor of the Cook Family Papers, dates to several distinguished Virginians. The family traces its ancestry to Richard Blow, a dominant figure in the business life of eighteenth and nineteenth century Virginia. The papers of Richard Blow are with the Blow Family Papers in the manuscripts collection of the Library of the College of William and Mary. Richard Blow's grandson, George Blow Jr., was a Norfolk judge and a member of the state convention for Virginia's secession at the time of the Civil war. Judge George Blow and his wife, Elizabeth Taylor Allmand, settled on Boush Street in Norfolk, where their daughter, Emma, grew up. Blow Street in Norfolk is named after this family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmma Blow married Arthur Clarico Freeman and they had three children, Arthur II, Elizabeth Allmond (\"Lizzie\"), and Emma. It is this generation and their descendants which the Cook Family Papers detail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArthur II was born in 1878 and graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1897. His interest in engineering led him to several inventions, some of which he attempted to sell to the government during World Wars I and II. He married a woman named Elsa, of whom his family disapproved, forcing Arthur to leave Norfolk and settle in Pennsylvania. In 1924, Elsa died and Arthur returned to Norfolk with his four children. In the 1950's, Arthur carried on much correspondence with Katherine Groner Shropshire who resided in New York and later in St. Augustine, Florida. Her letters to Arthur are quite revealing; unfortunately the collection contains few letters from Arthur to Katherine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf Arthur's children, the collection reveals information only about his daughter, Elfrieda Blow Freeman (\"Elf\"). Elfrieda married Merton B. Tice and settled in Mitchell, South Dakota. Tice was active in state politics and Elfrieda became National President of the Ladies Auxiliary of the Veterans of Foreign Wars in 1963. They had three children, Charles, Baird, and Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection reveals little information about Elizabeth Allmond Freeman (\"Lizzie\"). Lizzie founded the Edgewater Garden Club and lived in the family home in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk with her sister, Emma, until her death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmma Blow Freeman married Allen Merriam Cook and they initially settled in the family home on Boush Street. They had three children; Allen Blow, and twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1893 and served in the Navy until 1919, retiring with the rank of commander. Allen M. Cook's Naval career took him to assignments throughout the United States, while his wife remained in Norfolk. Emma Freeman Cook was active in the Edgewater Garden Club and the Great Bridge Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Upon his retirement, Commander Cook carried on a large real estate business in Norfolk. When he died in 1941, his widow continued to live at the family's home in Edgewater until her death in 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllen Blow Cook was born in 1899 and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1921. A physical disability caused him to retire in 1926. He received his masters degree in 1929 from the University of Virginia and joined the faculty at the Naval Academy. In 1942, he was recalled to active duty and retired in 1947 with the rank of commander. Upon retirement he returned to the Naval Academy faculty. He died in 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice, were born in 1909. The collection contains little information of Clarice, other than a few references in the family's correspondence. She married Arthur Gardner and settled in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the time this biography was written, Freeman Cook, the donor of the collection, was living in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Though he received a scholarship to Virginia Polytechnic Institute, his family wished him to attend the University of Virginia, where he would be a \"gentleman.\" He did attend UVA and studied agriculture. He later traveled and worked throughout the U.S. and in Panama, where he met his wife, Pepita.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFreeman enlisted in the Navy, though the collection only reveals that in 1944 he was a Chief Petty Officer stationed in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cook Family is perhaps most notable for their residence, The Tazewell House, in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk. Once the home of Littleton Waller Tazewell, a U.S. Senator and Governor of Virginia in the nineteenth century, the mansion was originally located at Granby and Boush Streets in Norfolk. When the mansion- was threatened in the early twentieth century, Emma Blow Freeman (Mrs. Arthur Clarico Freeman) purchased the house, and had it dismantled and reassembled on a site facing the Elizabeth River in Edgewater. According to a newsclipping in the collection, even the trees on the original site were uprooted and replanted at the new location. The Cook Family lived in the home at least until 1960's. Today, the privately owned Tazewell House is on the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The family of Henry Clarico Freeman Cook, the donor of the Cook Family Papers, dates to several distinguished Virginians. The family traces its ancestry to Richard Blow, a dominant figure in the business life of eighteenth and nineteenth century Virginia. The papers of Richard Blow are with the Blow Family Papers in the manuscripts collection of the Library of the College of William and Mary. Richard Blow's grandson, George Blow Jr., was a Norfolk judge and a member of the state convention for Virginia's secession at the time of the Civil war. Judge George Blow and his wife, Elizabeth Taylor Allmand, settled on Boush Street in Norfolk, where their daughter, Emma, grew up. Blow Street in Norfolk is named after this family.","Emma Blow married Arthur Clarico Freeman and they had three children, Arthur II, Elizabeth Allmond (\"Lizzie\"), and Emma. It is this generation and their descendants which the Cook Family Papers detail.","Arthur II was born in 1878 and graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1897. His interest in engineering led him to several inventions, some of which he attempted to sell to the government during World Wars I and II. He married a woman named Elsa, of whom his family disapproved, forcing Arthur to leave Norfolk and settle in Pennsylvania. In 1924, Elsa died and Arthur returned to Norfolk with his four children. In the 1950's, Arthur carried on much correspondence with Katherine Groner Shropshire who resided in New York and later in St. Augustine, Florida. Her letters to Arthur are quite revealing; unfortunately the collection contains few letters from Arthur to Katherine.","Of Arthur's children, the collection reveals information only about his daughter, Elfrieda Blow Freeman (\"Elf\"). Elfrieda married Merton B. Tice and settled in Mitchell, South Dakota. Tice was active in state politics and Elfrieda became National President of the Ladies Auxiliary of the Veterans of Foreign Wars in 1963. They had three children, Charles, Baird, and Virginia.","The collection reveals little information about Elizabeth Allmond Freeman (\"Lizzie\"). Lizzie founded the Edgewater Garden Club and lived in the family home in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk with her sister, Emma, until her death.","Emma Blow Freeman married Allen Merriam Cook and they initially settled in the family home on Boush Street. They had three children; Allen Blow, and twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice.","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1893 and served in the Navy until 1919, retiring with the rank of commander. Allen M. Cook's Naval career took him to assignments throughout the United States, while his wife remained in Norfolk. Emma Freeman Cook was active in the Edgewater Garden Club and the Great Bridge Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Upon his retirement, Commander Cook carried on a large real estate business in Norfolk. When he died in 1941, his widow continued to live at the family's home in Edgewater until her death in 1956.","Allen Blow Cook was born in 1899 and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1921. A physical disability caused him to retire in 1926. He received his masters degree in 1929 from the University of Virginia and joined the faculty at the Naval Academy. In 1942, he was recalled to active duty and retired in 1947 with the rank of commander. Upon retirement he returned to the Naval Academy faculty. He died in 1971.","The twins, Henry Clarico Freeman (\"Freeman\") and Clarice, were born in 1909. The collection contains little information of Clarice, other than a few references in the family's correspondence. She married Arthur Gardner and settled in New York.","At the time this biography was written, Freeman Cook, the donor of the collection, was living in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Though he received a scholarship to Virginia Polytechnic Institute, his family wished him to attend the University of Virginia, where he would be a \"gentleman.\" He did attend UVA and studied agriculture. He later traveled and worked throughout the U.S. and in Panama, where he met his wife, Pepita.","Freeman enlisted in the Navy, though the collection only reveals that in 1944 he was a Chief Petty Officer stationed in Norfolk.","The Cook Family is perhaps most notable for their residence, The Tazewell House, in the Edgewater subdivision of Norfolk. Once the home of Littleton Waller Tazewell, a U.S. Senator and Governor of Virginia in the nineteenth century, the mansion was originally located at Granby and Boush Streets in Norfolk. When the mansion- was threatened in the early twentieth century, Emma Blow Freeman (Mrs. Arthur Clarico Freeman) purchased the house, and had it dismantled and reassembled on a site facing the Elizabeth River in Edgewater. According to a newsclipping in the collection, even the trees on the original site were uprooted and replanted at the new location. The Cook Family lived in the home at least until 1960's. Today, the privately owned Tazewell House is on the National Register of Historic Places.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of the material are extremely fragile. Consult a staff member for assistance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Portions of the material are extremely fragile. Consult a staff member for assistance."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Cook Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Cook Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was rehoused into acid-free folders and boxes by Javonte Baker, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from February through April 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was rehoused into acid-free folders and boxes by Javonte Baker, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from February through April 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes material documenting the lives of the children of Arthur Clarico and Emma Blow Freeman, and later generations. Most of the collection centers on the personal and business papers of Allen Merriam Cook. The collection documents a Norfolk family, the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a Naval officer.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes material documenting the lives of the children of Arthur Clarico and Emma Blow Freeman, and later generations. Most of the collection centers on the personal and business papers of Allen Merriam Cook. The collection documents a Norfolk family, the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a Naval officer."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_53d3732b6d0d2acfe57f336a75c6c37b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBulk of collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook and documents the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a naval officer from 1899 to 1919. Includes business papers, financial documents, diaries, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspaper clippings. Of note are the minutes and proceedings of the Princess Anne and Norfolk Mutual Building and Loan Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Bulk of collection consists of the papers of Allen M. Cook and documents the development of subdivisions in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, and the career of a naval officer from 1899 to 1919. Includes business papers, financial documents, diaries, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspaper clippings. Of note are the minutes and proceedings of the Princess Anne and Norfolk Mutual Building and Loan Association."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Cook family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cook family"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Cook family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":532,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_107_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: Family, 1920/1941","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01","parent_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","Series I: Personal Papers, 1920/1951"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_138","vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: Family","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Family"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: Family"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Family, 1920/1941"],"text":["Sub-Series C: Family, 1920/1941","Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","Series I: Personal Papers, 1920/1951"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","Series I: Personal Papers, 1920/1951"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","Series I: Personal Papers, 1920/1951"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920/1941"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1920-1941, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":37,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_138.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/138","title_filing_ssi":"Wood, Joseph D.","title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1951, undated","Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1951, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"text":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh","Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.","ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Burton deBerry Melchor III, in honor of his mother Margaret Wood, daughter of Captain Wood","Gift. Accession #A76-9"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by James F. Walsh\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCaptain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c9aa2d9d971af58ed74c473c666d0adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePresident of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: Family Papers, 1927/1990","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains family papers regarding Dr. Mason C. Andrews and his family. Items include correspondence and documents pertaining to Dr. Charles J. Andrews, Sr. (Mason's father) and Charles J. Andrews, Jr. (Mason's brother who was killed in action during World War II).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","Record Group II: Second Accession, 1914/2006","Series I: Personal Papers, 1927/2010"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_135","vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02","vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: Family Papers","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: Family Papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Family Papers, 1927/1990"],"text":["Sub-Series C: Family Papers, 1927/1990","Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","Record Group II: Second Accession, 1914/2006","Series I: Personal Papers, 1927/2010","This sub-series contains family papers regarding Dr. Mason C. Andrews and his family. Items include correspondence and documents pertaining to Dr. Charles J. Andrews, Sr. (Mason's father) and Charles J. Andrews, Jr.  (Mason's brother who was killed in action during World War II)."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","Record Group II: Second Accession, 1914/2006","Series I: Personal Papers, 1927/2010"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","Record Group II: Second Accession, 1914/2006","Series I: Personal Papers, 1927/2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927/1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927-1990, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":697,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains family papers regarding Dr. Mason C. Andrews and his family. Items include correspondence and documents pertaining to Dr. Charles J. Andrews, Sr. (Mason's father) and Charles J. Andrews, Jr.  (Mason's brother who was killed in action during World War II).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains family papers regarding Dr. Mason C. Andrews and his family. Items include correspondence and documents pertaining to Dr. Charles J. Andrews, Sr. (Mason's father) and Charles J. Andrews, Jr.  (Mason's brother who was killed in action during World War II)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_135.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/135","title_filing_ssi":"Andrews, Mason C.","title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated","Date acquired: 10/14/1998","1950-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1990"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/14/1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"text":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Second accession was donated in November 2011","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki","The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"creators_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Mason C. Andrews","Gift. Accession #A98-10"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"extent_tesim":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSecond accession was donated in November 2011\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Second accession was donated in November 2011"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews passed away on October 13, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3beccc7904064ee132f9b64969a681f1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePhysician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1371,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135_c02_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: Garden Shows, 1936/1995","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains scrapbooks concerning specific shows held by the Federation's clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01","parent_ssim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995","Series I: Business Records, 1932/1995"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_242","vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: Garden Shows","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Garden Shows"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: Garden Shows"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: Garden Shows, 1936/1995"],"text":["Sub-Series C: Garden Shows, 1936/1995","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995","Series I: Business Records, 1932/1995","This sub-series contains scrapbooks concerning specific shows held by the Federation's clubs."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995","Series I: Business Records, 1932/1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995","Series I: Business Records, 1932/1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1995"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1936-1995"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":60,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains scrapbooks concerning specific shows held by the Federation's clubs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains scrapbooks concerning specific shows held by the Federation's clubs."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-09-15T00:00:46.093Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_242","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_242.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/242","title_filing_ssi":"Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity","title_ssm":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records"],"title_tesim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1932-1995, undated","Date acquired: 04/16/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-1995, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/16/2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995"],"text":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995","MG 116","/repositories/5/resources/242","scrapbooks","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into two series: Series I: Business Records; and Series II: Personal Papers.","Since the end of the nineteenth century garden clubs in the U.S. have been an integral part of environmental and beautification achievement. Originally formed as a group for women to share plants, information, and advice about their gardens; garden clubs quickly spread to include educational pursuits and preservation of all aspects of wildlife. Separate garden clubs joined together in alliances and organizations to share ideas. The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was formed as one such group in the Virginia Tidewater region.","In 1932 The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was founded by the Garden Club of Norfolk.[1] Previously a separate organization, the Garden Club of Norfolk wished to include other clubs in the surrounding cities in order to broaden their span of work and influence. The mission of the Federation, as stated in their pamphlets is to \"bring about a closer co-operation between the Garden Clubs belonging to the organization, form new clubs and work together for the beautification of our community, encouraging the knowledge and love of gardening. The Federation aids in the conservation and protection of our native trees, wildflowers, birds and fish, and strives to promote civic planting.\"[2] The Federation came together for Regular Meetings, Flower Shows, Schools concerning horticulture, and social events held by or decorated by the garden clubs.[3]","The Federation was a part of the Tidewater District of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, Inc., Garden Club of Virginia, and the Garden Club of America.[4] As the Federation grew, members and officers began plans for a permanent location to ensure their collaboration with the community. In 1957, The Federation opened the Garden Center Educational building as its home and held the first Regular Meeting. In 1966 the mortgage of the building was paid off and the Federation held the Burning of the Mortgage on May 4th under the Federation President. Guest speaker Norfolk Mayor Roy B. Martin Jr. commented that due to the Federation, Norfolk \"takes a back seat to no other city in beauty\".[5]","Today, the Federation continues to aid in beautification and city planting. Other projects include contributing to youth programs, providing educational grants to students and workers in the horticultural field, holding conferences to address environmental concerns, and aiding in the preservation of memorial sites and parks. The Federation also provided funding for the healing garden in the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden in Richmond, VA.[13]","Sources","[1] Garden Club of Norfolk Homepage (accessed July 15, 2013).","[2] Pamphlet, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966","[3] Scrapbooks, Minutes, 1932-1934; Minutes, 1941-1944","[4] \"About Us.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (accessed July 15, 2013).","[5] Newspaper clipping, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966","[6] Whichard, Rogers Dey. The History of Lower Tidewater Virginia. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1959.","[7] \"About Us, Garden Club of Virginia.\" Historic Garden Week in Virginia (accessed July 15, 2013).","[8] \"Homes \u0026 Gardens.\" Norfolk Home and Garden Tour (accessed July 15, 2013).","[9] \"Plant Societies.\" Norfolk Botanical Garden (accessed July 15, 2013).","[10] \"About.\" Norfolk NATO Festival (accessed July 15, 2013).","[11] \"About Us.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs.","[12] \"Publications.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Publications.html (accessed July 23, 2013).","[13] \"Tidewater District.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Tidewater.html (accessed July 15, 2013).","Some of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care.","The collection was processed and the finding aid was created by Sonia Yaco, Special Collections Librarian, in 2013.","The collection includes newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by various organizations that make up the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. The bulk of the collection consits of scrapbooks created carefully by members of the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. Reports within the scrapbooks include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as social events and personal interests of members. Some of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity records include scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by the garden clubs. Reports within the books include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as introspection into member's lives and influence, social events, and personal interests.","ODU Community Collections","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995"],"collection_ssim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, 1932/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 116","/repositories/5/resources/242"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 116","/repositories/5/resources/242"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"creator_ssim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dolores Sabisky, President of Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity","Gift. Accession #A2013-14"],"access_subjects_ssim":["scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26.60 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases, 24 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["26.60 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases, 24 oversize boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into two series: Series I: Business Records; and Series II: Personal Papers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into two series: Series I: Business Records; and Series II: Personal Papers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince the end of the nineteenth century garden clubs in the U.S. have been an integral part of environmental and beautification achievement. Originally formed as a group for women to share plants, information, and advice about their gardens; garden clubs quickly spread to include educational pursuits and preservation of all aspects of wildlife. Separate garden clubs joined together in alliances and organizations to share ideas. The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was formed as one such group in the Virginia Tidewater region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1932 The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was founded by the Garden Club of Norfolk.[1] Previously a separate organization, the Garden Club of Norfolk wished to include other clubs in the surrounding cities in order to broaden their span of work and influence. The mission of the Federation, as stated in their pamphlets is to \"bring about a closer co-operation between the Garden Clubs belonging to the organization, form new clubs and work together for the beautification of our community, encouraging the knowledge and love of gardening. The Federation aids in the conservation and protection of our native trees, wildflowers, birds and fish, and strives to promote civic planting.\"[2] The Federation came together for Regular Meetings, Flower Shows, Schools concerning horticulture, and social events held by or decorated by the garden clubs.[3]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Federation was a part of the Tidewater District of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, Inc., Garden Club of Virginia, and the Garden Club of America.[4] As the Federation grew, members and officers began plans for a permanent location to ensure their collaboration with the community. In 1957, The Federation opened the Garden Center Educational building as its home and held the first Regular Meeting. In 1966 the mortgage of the building was paid off and the Federation held the Burning of the Mortgage on May 4th under the Federation President. Guest speaker Norfolk Mayor Roy B. Martin Jr. commented that due to the Federation, Norfolk \"takes a back seat to no other city in beauty\".[5]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToday, the Federation continues to aid in beautification and city planting. Other projects include contributing to youth programs, providing educational grants to students and workers in the horticultural field, holding conferences to address environmental concerns, and aiding in the preservation of memorial sites and parks. The Federation also provided funding for the healing garden in the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden in Richmond, VA.[13]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[1] \u003ca href=\"http://www.thegardenclubofnorfolk.org/\"\u003eGarden Club of Norfolk Homepage\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2] Pamphlet, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3] Scrapbooks, Minutes, 1932-1934; Minutes, 1941-1944\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4] \"About Us.\" \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20161027192636/http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org:80/VFGC/About_Us.html\"\u003eVirginia Federation of Garden Clubs\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[5] Newspaper clipping, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[6] Whichard, Rogers Dey. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe History of Lower Tidewater Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7] \"About Us, Garden Club of Virginia.\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.vagardenweek.org/about.cfm\"\u003eHistoric Garden Week in Virginia\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[8] \"Homes \u0026amp; Gardens.\" \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130524195529/http://www.norfolkgardentour.org:80/2013tour/homes-gardens/\"\u003eNorfolk Home and Garden Tour\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[9] \"Plant Societies.\" \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130824073342/http://norfolkbotanicalgarden.org/education/horticulture/plant-societies/\"\u003eNorfolk Botanical Garden\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[10] \"About.\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.azaleafestival.org/about.php\"\u003eNorfolk NATO Festival\u003c/a\u003e (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[11] \"About Us.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[12] \"Publications.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Publications.html (accessed July 23, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[13] \"Tidewater District.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Tidewater.html (accessed July 15, 2013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since the end of the nineteenth century garden clubs in the U.S. have been an integral part of environmental and beautification achievement. Originally formed as a group for women to share plants, information, and advice about their gardens; garden clubs quickly spread to include educational pursuits and preservation of all aspects of wildlife. Separate garden clubs joined together in alliances and organizations to share ideas. The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was formed as one such group in the Virginia Tidewater region.","In 1932 The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity, Inc. was founded by the Garden Club of Norfolk.[1] Previously a separate organization, the Garden Club of Norfolk wished to include other clubs in the surrounding cities in order to broaden their span of work and influence. The mission of the Federation, as stated in their pamphlets is to \"bring about a closer co-operation between the Garden Clubs belonging to the organization, form new clubs and work together for the beautification of our community, encouraging the knowledge and love of gardening. The Federation aids in the conservation and protection of our native trees, wildflowers, birds and fish, and strives to promote civic planting.\"[2] The Federation came together for Regular Meetings, Flower Shows, Schools concerning horticulture, and social events held by or decorated by the garden clubs.[3]","The Federation was a part of the Tidewater District of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, Inc., Garden Club of Virginia, and the Garden Club of America.[4] As the Federation grew, members and officers began plans for a permanent location to ensure their collaboration with the community. In 1957, The Federation opened the Garden Center Educational building as its home and held the first Regular Meeting. In 1966 the mortgage of the building was paid off and the Federation held the Burning of the Mortgage on May 4th under the Federation President. Guest speaker Norfolk Mayor Roy B. Martin Jr. commented that due to the Federation, Norfolk \"takes a back seat to no other city in beauty\".[5]","Today, the Federation continues to aid in beautification and city planting. Other projects include contributing to youth programs, providing educational grants to students and workers in the horticultural field, holding conferences to address environmental concerns, and aiding in the preservation of memorial sites and parks. The Federation also provided funding for the healing garden in the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden in Richmond, VA.[13]","Sources","[1] Garden Club of Norfolk Homepage (accessed July 15, 2013).","[2] Pamphlet, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966","[3] Scrapbooks, Minutes, 1932-1934; Minutes, 1941-1944","[4] \"About Us.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (accessed July 15, 2013).","[5] Newspaper clipping, Scrapbook, Mortgage Burning, 1966","[6] Whichard, Rogers Dey. The History of Lower Tidewater Virginia. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1959.","[7] \"About Us, Garden Club of Virginia.\" Historic Garden Week in Virginia (accessed July 15, 2013).","[8] \"Homes \u0026 Gardens.\" Norfolk Home and Garden Tour (accessed July 15, 2013).","[9] \"Plant Societies.\" Norfolk Botanical Garden (accessed July 15, 2013).","[10] \"About.\" Norfolk NATO Festival (accessed July 15, 2013).","[11] \"About Us.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs.","[12] \"Publications.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Publications.html (accessed July 23, 2013).","[13] \"Tidewater District.\" Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs. http://www.virginiagardenclubs.org/VFGC/Tidewater.html (accessed July 15, 2013)."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Some of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and the finding aid was created by Sonia Yaco, Special Collections Librarian, in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed and the finding aid was created by Sonia Yaco, Special Collections Librarian, in 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by various organizations that make up the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. The bulk of the collection consits of scrapbooks created carefully by members of the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. Reports within the scrapbooks include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as social events and personal interests of members. Some of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by various organizations that make up the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. The bulk of the collection consits of scrapbooks created carefully by members of the Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity. Reports within the scrapbooks include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as social events and personal interests of members. Some of the scrapbooks are fragile and need to be handled with care."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c1d648888a4822e81d7ea88385d80aee\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity records include scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by the garden clubs. Reports within the books include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as introspection into member's lives and influence, social events, and personal interests.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity records include scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, photos, newsletters, yearbooks, member artwork, and information about the programs held by the garden clubs. Reports within the books include information on horticultural and events concerning the Norfolk area, as well as introspection into member's lives and influence, social events, and personal interests."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"names_coll_ssim":["Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Federation of Garden Clubs of Norfolk and Vicinity"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":89,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-09-15T00:00:46.093Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_242_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series C: General, 1901/1937","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes scrapbooks, clippings, and other material related to politics, mostly in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06_c03","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VI: Politics, 1880/1939"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67","vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c06"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series C: General","title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: General"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series C: General"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series C: General, 1901/1937"],"text":["Sub-Series C: General, 1901/1937","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VI: Politics, 1880/1939","Includes scrapbooks, clippings, and other material related to politics, mostly in Virginia."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VI: Politics, 1880/1939"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Series VI: Politics, 1880/1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1901/1937"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1901-1937"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":164,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes scrapbooks, clippings, and other material related to politics, mostly in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes scrapbooks, clippings, and other material related to politics, mostly in Virginia."],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. 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