{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":14,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_261.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/261","title_filing_ssi":"Jaffe, Alice Rice","title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-1950, undated","1919-1950","Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-1950, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1919-1950"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"text":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950","RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.","Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"creators_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alice R. Jaffe","Gift. Accession #A77-41"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8273bab22ab9e1347b5788ed21502631\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIncludes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:17.098Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_261.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/261","title_filing_ssi":"Jaffe, Alice Rice","title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-1950, undated","1919-1950","Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-1950, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1919-1950"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"text":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950","RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.","Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"creators_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alice R. Jaffe","Gift. Accession #A77-41"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8273bab22ab9e1347b5788ed21502631\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIncludes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:17.098Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_235#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_235#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Retired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_235#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_235.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/235","title_filing_ssi":"Tazewell, Calvert Walke","title_ssm":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers"],"title_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900-1997, undated","Date acquired: 06/30/2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900-1997, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/30/2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"text":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997","MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous.","Calvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Retired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)"],"creator_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["C.W. Tazewell","Gift. Accession #A2000-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.80 Linear Feet","12 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.80 Linear Feet","12 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCalvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9db00925d4507cfd6260d63f1350e08e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eRetired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Retired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"persname_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":260,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_235","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_235.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/235","title_filing_ssi":"Tazewell, Calvert Walke","title_ssm":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers"],"title_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900-1997, undated","Date acquired: 06/30/2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900-1997, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/30/2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"text":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997","MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous.","Calvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Retired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 75","/repositories/5/resources/235"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)"],"creator_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["C.W. Tazewell","Gift. Accession #A2000-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Boush-Tazewell-Waller House"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.80 Linear Feet","12 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.80 Linear Feet","12 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into six series: Series I: Norfolk Historical Society; Series II: Virginia History Federation; Series III: Norfolk History; Series IV: Boush-Tazewell-Waller House; Series V: Papers of Phillip Brower; and Series VI: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCalvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Calvert Walke Tazewell was born in 1917 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was educated in public and private schools in Norfolk. He enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1937 and received a commission while overseas in World War Two. During the war he received the Bronze Star Medal for his service in the China Campaign. He reached the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving in communications and electronics and as commanding officer. He retired from active duty in 1959.\nAfter the military, he worked as Civil Defense Coordinator for Dade County Florida, taught Civil Defense courses, worked for the Florida State Board of Health, and the Health-Welfare-Recreation Planning Council after returning to Norfolk.\nTazewell founded the Norfolk Historical Society, a group dedicated to preserving all aspects of local history, in 1965. He served as its president for two terms, then as Executive Vice President. He was also a co-founder of the Virginia History Federation, an organization that sought to link all history related groups in Virginia. He served as the Federation's first president in 1969. Tazewell was the founder and director of the Hampton Roads Central Library, an internet digital library and archive from 1993-1997. He also operated the W. S. Dawson publishing company until 1997.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers includes correspondence, newsletters, press releases, meeting reports, and other papers relating to the Norfolk Historical Society, Virginia History Federation and the Friends of the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House. Also included in the collection are biographical and genealogical material about General Douglas MacArthur, as well as various papers documenting the history of Norfolk."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9db00925d4507cfd6260d63f1350e08e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eRetired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Retired USAF lieutenant colonel, author, publisher, local historian. The collection includes papers from Tazewell's years as president of the Norfolk Historical Society and Virginia History Federation. Also included is information on the Boush-Tazewell-Waller House and papers of Philip Brower, former archivist of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk. Brower's papers include research on General Douglas MacArthur, personal papers and papers regarding the MacArthur Memorial Archives."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"persname_ssim":["Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Historical Society (Va.)","Virginia History Federation","MacArthur Memorial","Maury High School (Norfolk, Va.)","Tazewell, C. W. (Calvert Walke) (1917-2002)","MacArthur, Douglas"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":260,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_235"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_64#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_64#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Burgess%2C%20Charles%20O./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_64#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_64.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/64","title_filing_ssi":"Burgess, Charles","title_ssm":["Charles Burgess Papers"],"title_tesim":["Charles Burgess Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1925-2000, undated","1960-1980","Date acquired: 05/17/2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1925-2000, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1980"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/17/2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"text":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980","RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","letters (correspondence)","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011.","Dr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026 Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.","Note written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist","The finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015.","Oral history invterviews with Charles Burgess.","This collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group","Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"creators_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Charles Burgess","Gift. Accession #2011-12"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.50 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case, 1 half Hollinger document case, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.50 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case, 1 half Hollinger document case, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026 Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.","Note written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Charles Burgess Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Charles Burgess Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Burgess%2C%20Charles%20O./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOral history invterviews with Charles Burgess.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Oral history invterviews with Charles Burgess."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Burgess%2C%20Charles%20O./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"names_coll_ssim":["Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"persname_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group","Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_64","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_64.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/64","title_filing_ssi":"Burgess, Charles","title_ssm":["Charles Burgess Papers"],"title_tesim":["Charles Burgess Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1925-2000, undated","1960-1980","Date acquired: 05/17/2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1925-2000, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1980"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/17/2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"text":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980","RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","letters (correspondence)","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011.","Dr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026 Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.","Note written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist","The finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015.","Oral history invterviews with Charles Burgess.","This collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group","Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 5-1B1","/repositories/3/resources/64"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"creators_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Charles Burgess","Gift. Accession #2011-12"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.50 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case, 1 half Hollinger document case, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.50 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case, 1 half Hollinger document case, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions to the collection were received on 5/23/2011 and 10/27/2011."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Charles O. Burgess came to the Norfolk Division of the College of William \u0026 Mary in 1955 as an Instructor in the English Department. In addition to becoming Full Professor in 1966, he also served as Director of Freshman English, Graduate Program Director, and was appointed the University's first Dean of Graduate Studies in 1970. By 1972, he became Vice President and Provost for Academic Affairs. In 1980, Dr. Burgess returned to the English Department to teach, and by 1985 he was again in an administrative role as Dean of the College of Arts and Letters. He retired from that position in 1995, but taught part-time in the English Department during his retirement. Burgess passed away May 29, 2019.","Note written by Steven Bookman, University Archivist"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Charles Burgess Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Charles Burgess Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was created by Steven Bookman, University Archivist, in 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Burgess%2C%20Charles%20O./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOral history invterviews with Charles Burgess.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Oral history invterviews with Charles Burgess."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Burgess%2C%20Charles%20O./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes programs, correspondence, audiovisual and other material related to Charles Burgess' involvement with the theater scene in Norfolk, Virginia. The bulk of the correspondence involves the Little Theatre and Norfolk Theatre. The collection also contains photographs and audiovisual material of various productions by the Masquers Group, a student theater organization at Old Dominion University. Theater programs related to productions on Broadway in the 1920s are also present in the collection. Oral history interviews with Dr. Burgess can be found on the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections website."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"names_coll_ssim":["Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group"],"persname_ssim":["Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Little Theatre (Norfolk, Va.)","Old Dominion University. Masquers Group","Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_64"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_69#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_69#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Served on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_69.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/69","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, Hugh Lee","title_ssm":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1953, undated","Date acquired: 01/09/1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1953, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/09/1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"text":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953","MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Hugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.","Butler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.","Butler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.","Butler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.","He began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.","Butler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.","He was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.","He died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.","Note written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr.","All clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance.","The bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together.","[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I.","ODU Community Collections","Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["\"Hap\" Forrest White","Gift. Accession #A85-1"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.20 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.20 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1985],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.","Butler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.","Butler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.","Butler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.","He began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.","Butler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.","He was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.","He died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.","Note written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["All clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5350db0a7328f5c63c38300a0fc06adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Served on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_69.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/69","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, Hugh Lee","title_ssm":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1953, undated","Date acquired: 01/09/1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1953, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/09/1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"text":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953","MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Hugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.","Butler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.","Butler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.","Butler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.","He began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.","Butler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.","He was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.","He died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.","Note written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr.","All clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance.","The bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together.","[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I.","ODU Community Collections","Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 58","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["\"Hap\" Forrest White","Gift. Accession #A85-1"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.20 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.20 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1985],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hugh Lee Butler, son of Le Grande Cornelius Butler and Martha Watkins Simpson Butler (d. 1897), was born July 19, 1871 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. He had three brothers: Percy H., Hunter C. (d. 1905), and Stanley W. (d. 1923). Butler's parents moved to Norfolk when he was nine years old. He attended public schools in Farmville and Norfolk.","Butler married Effie Lee Grace, at the residence of W. E. Brown. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. J. T. Whitley. They became the parents of one daughter, Alice, and three sons, Hugh Lee Jr., Willard H., and Robert T., all of whom survived him. His wife died on December 17, 1935.","Butler began as an office boy at the Seaboard Air Line Railway on May 12, 1884. Promotion followed promotion over the years. In 1922, he was promoted to the position of contracting freight agent, a position he held until his retirement. On March 19, 1937, he received a congratulatory letter from L. R. Powell and Col. Henry W. Anderson upon completion of 50 years' service to the Seaboard. G. B. Rice presented him a 50- year service medal on behalf of the company. He retired at age 70, the Seaboard being the only company for which he had ever worked.","Butler's political career was a distinguished one. It began on what was known as the Common Council, July 1, 1902, representing Brambleton. His term as a member of the Norfolk City Council expired August 31, 1938, after 36 years of service.","He began his career as a member of the Charter Commission in 1902 and served on that body and the Select Council until the council-city manager form of government became a reality. Then he served as a member of the new government for 20 years. He also served on such committees as: Finance, Fire, Public Improvement and Annexation. He served many times as a member of the Democratic Committee from Brambleton and as chair of the Local Draft Board No. 1 from April 1, 1917 - March 31, 1919. He became especially involved in responding to citizens whose need for municipal services had not been met and civil servants (teachers, municipal workers) whose salaries had been cut during the Depression. Members of the Afro-American community found him to be a champion for their causes. One evidence of his tie to that community was a note from P. B. Young, publisher of the Afro-American Journal and Guide when Butler's wife died. He also worked on such projects as the introduction of parking meters to Norfolk and a study of school needs, both salaries as well as space.","Butler was known as a person of personal integrity, one who was loyal in his support of the city's welfare and one who had a mastery of the city's business. These traits provide a partial explanation as to the length of his political career. His service of 36 years was the longest in Norfolk's modern history. An appraisal of his life was best expressed in a resolution passed by the City Council on February 5, 1946: \"That in the death of Hugh L. Butler, the citizens of Norfolk have lost a faithful and conscientious public servant, whose interest in their welfare and efforts in their behalf will long be remembered, and the City has lost a valued citizen of outstanding integrity and fidelity.\"\nThough he retired from public office in 1938, he continued as a public servant. His appointment by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 12, 1940, as Secretary to Norfolk City Draft Board No. 4 is just one instance of his service.","He was in demand as a speaker before such organizations as the Ballantine Civic Association and the Ocean View Democratic and Social Club. He was made an honorary member of the Norfolk Athletic Club.","He died at his home on January 28, 1946 following two heart attacks the previous week.","Note written by Ellis E. O'Neal, Jr."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["All clippings in Folders 16-19 and items in Scrapbook are too fragile for researchers to handle. Please consult Special Collections and University Archives staff for assistance."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the collection consists of material related to Hugh Lee Butlers's time on the Norfolk City Council as a representative of Brambleton (parking meters; race relations; Foreman Field; city anniversaries; Museum of Arts and Sciences; blue laws; study of schools); his service on the Local Draft Board from 1917 to 1922 (alleged draft evaders, delinquents, deserters); personal and family papers (tax returns, financial records, obituaries, condolences); pamphlets and brochures of Norfolk; clippings from Norfolk newspapers; and, a scrapbook. The correspondence is arranged chronologically, or in original order as clipped together."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Hugh Lee Butler Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5350db0a7328f5c63c38300a0fc06adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Served on the Norfolk City Council from 1902 to 1938. Papers relate to his service on the Norfolk City Council during the Great Depression and as chairman of Local Draft Board No. 1 during World War I."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_69"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_190#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sweeney, James R.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_190#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_190#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_190.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/190","title_filing_ssi":"Sweeney, James R.","title_ssm":["James R. Sweeney Papers"],"title_tesim":["James R. Sweeney Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1905-2018, undated","1970-1980","Date acquired: 00/00/1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1905-2018, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1980"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"text":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980","RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--History","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs.","Dr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.","Note written by Mel Frizzell","The collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008.","This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"collection_ssim":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Sweeney, James R."],"creator_ssim":["Sweeney, James R."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. James R. Sweeney","Gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.80 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.80 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Mel Frizzell\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.","Note written by Mel Frizzell"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Dr. James R. Sweeney Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Dr. James R. Sweeney Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOld Dominion University: A Half Century of Service\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b5f32b38d62aa07f2b422a810b52e2e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Zetlin, Florence"],"persname_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":193,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:11.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_190","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_190.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/190","title_filing_ssi":"Sweeney, James R.","title_ssm":["James R. Sweeney Papers"],"title_tesim":["James R. Sweeney Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1905-2018, undated","1970-1980","Date acquired: 00/00/1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1905-2018, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1980"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"text":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980","RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--History","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs.","Dr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.","Note written by Mel Frizzell","The collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008.","This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"collection_ssim":["James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 10-4B1","/repositories/3/resources/190"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Sweeney, James R."],"creator_ssim":["Sweeney, James R."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. James R. Sweeney","Gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.80 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.80 Linear Feet","6 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: ODU Library and University Archives; Series II: ODU History; Series III: Local History; Series IV: Florence \"Fay\" Zetlin; and Series V: Photographs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Mel Frizzell\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. James Sweeney began teaching at Old Dominion University in 1970. It wasn't until later that year that he received his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame upon completing his thesis on the Harry F. Byrd political organization in Virginia.\nDr. Sweeney has taught courses on Virginia history, American Civilization, and a course on United States history since 1945. He has published articles for historical journals such as the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, the Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Presidential Studies Quarterly. Additionally, he has written two books: Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service in 1980, and Race, reason, and massive resistance: the diary of David J. Mays, 1954-1959 which was published in 2008.\nSweeney was the first official archivist for ODU starting in 1974, though at the time this position was only part time. Sweeney carried a 6 hour class load in addition to his archivist duties. He began working as archivist when President Bugg created the position and remained in the position until 1981. Sweeney was instrumental in establishing the University Archives and Special Collections in the ODU library in 1976. He oversaw the transition of the University Archives from scattered offices in BAL into the new Library. Before that time, University materials were unofficially collected on campus by Dr. Benjamin Clymer and Dr. Robert McClelland.\nDr. Sweeney started an oral history program in the Archives which interviewed present and former professors, staff, and students about their experiences at the college. Additionally, prominent Hampton Roads citizens were interviewed about life and organizations in the local community. This oral history program still continues in the ODU Library.\nAdditionally, Dr. Sweeney serves as the chapter advisor to Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, which publishes The Old Dominion University Historical Review. He has served as a national officer of this society.","Note written by Mel Frizzell"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Dr. James R. Sweeney Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Dr. James R. Sweeney Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed and finding aid created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant, in 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOld Dominion University: A Half Century of Service\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former university archivist. Included are correspondence, photos, news clippings, and oral history materials, as well as Sweeney's notes and drafts for the book Old Dominion University: A Half Century of Service."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b5f32b38d62aa07f2b422a810b52e2e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to Old Dominion University and Hampton Roads history collected by Dr. James R. Sweeney, associate professor of history and former University Archivist."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Zetlin, Florence"],"persname_ssim":["Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of History","Old Dominion University. Libraries","Old Dominion University. University Archives","Sweeney, James R.","Zetlin, Florence"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":193,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:11.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_190"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_138.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/138","title_filing_ssi":"Wood, Joseph D.","title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1951, undated","Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1951, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"text":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh","Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.","ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Burton deBerry Melchor III, in honor of his mother Margaret Wood, daughter of Captain Wood","Gift. Accession #A76-9"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by James F. Walsh\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCaptain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c9aa2d9d971af58ed74c473c666d0adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePresident of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_138.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/138","title_filing_ssi":"Wood, Joseph D.","title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1951, undated","Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1951, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"text":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh","Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.","ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Burton deBerry Melchor III, in honor of his mother Margaret Wood, daughter of Captain Wood","Gift. Accession #A76-9"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by James F. Walsh\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCaptain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c9aa2d9d971af58ed74c473c666d0adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePresident of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_20#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_20#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_20.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/20","title_filing_ssi":"Fitzpatrick, Joseph T.","title_ssm":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-2004, undated","Date acquired: 01/24/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/24/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"text":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004","MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files.","Joseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026 Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.","Besides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, The Shad Treatment.","His achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.","Joseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.","Note written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith","The container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014.","Randy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62).","The Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick.","ODU Community Collections","Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)"],"creator_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick","Gift. Accession #A77-6"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.50 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases, 1 half Hollinger document case, 3 record center cartons, 2 audiovisual boxes, and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12.50 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases, 1 half Hollinger document case, 3 record center cartons, 2 audiovisual boxes, and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026amp; Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBesides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Shad Treatment. \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026 Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.","Besides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, The Shad Treatment.","His achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.","Joseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.","Note written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRandy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Randy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_613a602c98342bf79a6211c58bc91c4f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":205,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:29.346Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_20.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/20","title_filing_ssi":"Fitzpatrick, Joseph T.","title_ssm":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1895-2004, undated","Date acquired: 01/24/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/24/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"text":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004","MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files.","Joseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026 Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.","Besides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, The Shad Treatment.","His achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.","Joseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.","Note written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith","The container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014.","Randy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62).","The Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick.","ODU Community Collections","Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 118","/repositories/5/resources/20"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)"],"creator_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)","ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Joseph T. Fitzpatrick","Gift. Accession #A77-6"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","City treasurers--Virginia--Norfolk","Real estate agents--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.50 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases, 1 half Hollinger document case, 3 record center cartons, 2 audiovisual boxes, and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12.50 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases, 1 half Hollinger document case, 3 record center cartons, 2 audiovisual boxes, and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions in 1980, 2007, 2013."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Norfolk City Involvement; Series II: Virginia General Assembly; Series III: Campaign Material; and Series IV: Personal Files."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026amp; Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBesides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Shad Treatment. \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Thomas Fitzpatrick was born on June 1st, 1929 in Norfolk, VA. He was born to Clarence Thomas and Alice Fitzpatrick. He graduated from Holy Trinity School in 1947, and went on to attend the Norfolk Division of William \u0026 Mary College.He married Ms. Angeline Venuto in 1949, and they stayed married for forty-four years, until she died in 1993. They had three daughters: Barbara Fitzpatrick Cox, Kathleen Fitzpatrick McGinnis, and Mary Regis F. Williams. Their daughters married and began families of their own, making Joseph and Angeline grandparents.","Besides the multiple personal achievements, Fitzpatrick also achieved many public government positions. He was Chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia from 1972 to 1979. From 1975 to 1981, he was Senator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. In 1981, Fitzpatrick became the Treasurer for the City of Norfolk, and stayed in the position until 2001. He was a very prominent governmental figure in Virginia, who wanted to make state and local government more open and transparent. Many people admired him for the unique perspective he brought to politics. Sometimes that unique perspective would cause some friction, that whenever a six foot four tall man with black rimmed glasses and thick silver hair walked through the door, everyone knew that a heated discussion was coming. Garrett Epps immortalized him by creating a character inspired by his personality in his 1997 novel, The Shad Treatment.","His achievements followed him everywhere he went. He worked eight years for the Norfolk Southern Railway, and fifteen years as a general traffic manager for Royster Company. He was also a licensed realtor for 20 years. Fitzpatrick was President of the Virginia Catholic High School League Coaches Association for four years, and received the award for Coach of the Year in 1962. During the 1960s, he led a group of young men who took part in Anti-Byrd campaign. He led the Second Congressional District Committee from 1968 to 1972 and the Norfolk Democratic Executive Committee from 1964 to 1968. He began organizing precincts as Norfolk Chair for the 1960 John F. Kennedy campaign. He was also asked to serve as Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign manager for the southern states. In 1971, he was the founding director of the Bank of Commonwealth. He won the Virginia Young Democrat Outstanding Virginian Award in 1975, then the Legislative Conservationist of the Year Award in 1979. He was also the founding director of the Bank of Hampton Roads in 1987. In 1990, he was named Treasurer of the Year by the Virginia Treasurers Association. From 1992 to 2000, Fitzpatrick was Vice President of St. Mary's Cemetery Board. He also was President of the DePaul Advisory Board from 1994 to 1995. In 1995 he won the Virginia Commonwealth Award. In 1996 he received an honor from the Virginia Association of Local Executive Officers, as well as both the Distinguished Service Award and Virginia Statesman Award, which were created in his honor.","Joseph T. Fitzpatrick passed away on July 12, 2006 at DePaul Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.","Note written by Samantha West; Kathleen Smith"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The container list was created by Samantha West in February 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRandy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Randy Wright Papers (MG 108); Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers contain an assortment of documents related to his multiple governmental positions in Virginia, including the City of Norfolk and the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also includes newspaper clippings, personal writings and artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_613a602c98342bf79a6211c58bc91c4f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of political documents, correspondence, clippings, artifacts, and other items pertaining to the career of Joseph T. Fitzpatrick."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald) (1917-1963)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":205,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:29.346Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_20"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_260#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_260#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_260#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_260.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/260","title_filing_ssi":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr.","title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-2002, undated","Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2002, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"text":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.","The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.","Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)","This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"collection_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"creators_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr.","Gift. Accession #A77-71"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"extent_tesim":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEven while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_90aede5b87e629e179a2d019030ee11a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2881,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_260","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_260.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/260","title_filing_ssi":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr.","title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-2002, undated","Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2002, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/23/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"text":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.","The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.","Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)","This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"collection_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 38","/repositories/5/resources/260"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"creators_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lawrence M. Cox, Sr.","Gift. Accession #A77-71"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Housing--Virginia--Norfolk","Housing--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"extent_tesim":["119.40 Linear Feet","216 Hollinger document cases, 15 oversize boxes, 1 poster tube boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accession donated by Cox in May 1998 and further accesssions by Marvin W. Lee, Sr. in October 2003 and April, 2009."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eight series: Series I: Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; Series II: Housing and Urban Development; Series III: Consulting; Series IV: Personal; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Maps and Blueprints; Series VII: Artifacts; and Series VII: Multimedia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEven while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. was born March 12, 1912, in Norfolk, Virginia and he was raised in the Larchmont area of Norfolk. He was the second son of William Roland Cox, Sr. and Maude Belote Cox. He had one brother, William Roland Cox, Jr., and two sisters, Grace and Mary.  In 1942, he married Anne Irving Flippen. They had a son, Lawrence Morgan Cox, Jr. Cox and Flipper divorced in 1950.  In 1951, Cox married Ethel Mae Breeden. Cox had one stepdaughter, Mrs. Diane Fecher of Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Cox attended Maury High School in Norfolk from 1927 to 1931. However, Cox enlisted in the United States Navy in June 1929 just before graduating Maury High School in anticipation of attending the Naval Academy. Unfortunately, Cox did not meet the Naval Academy's physical requirements. Until his honorable discharge in December 1930, Cox served in the U.S. Navy as an aviator. After returning to graduate from Maury High School in 1931, and with the assistance of his father, Cox obtained a job loading cement with the Lone Star Cement Company in Washington, D.C.","In 1934, Cox joined the Public Works Administration Housing Division of the U.S. Government as a messenger and statistician. He was promoted in 1937 to Special Assistant to Jacob Crane, Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Housing Authority, and he served in that position until 1940. During his time in Washington, Cox took undergraduate courses in Public Administration and Business Administration at George Washington University.","Cox became Assistant Executive Director of the newly formed Norfolk Housing Authority now known as the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority in 1940. There was regional resistance to the establishment of the Authority but it was overcome by the support of the U.S. Navy who were short of housing, and by the creation of Merrimac Park set aside for U.S. Navy enlisted men and their families. Cox was named Executive Director of the Norfolk Housing Authority on April 1, 1941.","In 1942, Cox became a Bomb Reconnaissance Agent with the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense. Cox was instrumental in the formation of the Virginia Association of Housing Authorities, and served as its president from 1942-43.  When Cox was selected to head the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials NAHRO in 1948, he became the youngest man in NAHRO history to hold that position. While leading the NAHRO, Cox helped formulate the policies incorporated in the Housing Act of 1949, a landmark document that called for \"a decent home and suitable environment for every American family.\"","During 1949, Cox spent a great deal of time overseas involved in urban planning and rebuilding. He was a member of the American Delegation to the Economic Commission for Europe's International Conference on Building Documentation held in Geneva, Switzerland. He traveled in six European countries on a special study assignment for the State Department and the Housing and Home Finance Agency which dealt with housing and the rebuilding of cities. He also served as a special consultant to the U.S. High Commissioner for Germany and reviewed planning and rebuilding in five German cities. In 1956 and 1957, Cox served the State Department as part of the International Cooperation Administration's study on housing programs in Peru and as a special consultant to Peru's Presidential Commission on Housing and Land Reform. For his service to the nation of Peru, he was designated Knight Commander of the Order of Merit of Peru by President Prado. Cox participated in the International Seminar on Urban Renewal at The Hague, Netherlands in 1958. He also attended the 24th International Congress of Town Planning at Liege, Belgium that same year.","Even while Cox was serving his country internationally, he did not neglect the needs of Norfolk. Cox was the first city official to publicly support a medical school for Norfolk in a 1959 speech to the Norfolk Yacht Club. He reiterated his goal of a medical school for Norfolk during his 1961 speech commemorating the opening of the Medical Tower building, the first of four buildings in the Norfolk Medical Complex. Throughout the 1960's, Cox helped build community support for a medical college in Norfolk, VA. His efforts eventually led to the creation of the Eastern Virginia Medical School EVMS in 1973.","During the 1960s, Mr. Cox lectured extensively at graduate seminars and meetings, both at home and abroad. He addressed the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1962, he spent a month lecturing at the Graduate School of Ekistics, Athens Technical Institute in Athens, Greece. Also in 1962, Cox lectured at the International School of Social Studies at The Hague, Netherlands. Cox was also a guest speaker at the American Bar Association's 88th Annual Meeting in Miami, Florida 1965, the University of Cincinnati's Graduate School of Architecture 1967, and the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Planning 1968.","Cox continued his role as Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority NRHA until his appointment as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1969.  He was appointed by President Richard Nixon, and only served in this position until 1970. During this time, he continued as a consultant to urban development, planning, and housing bodies at the federal, state, and local levels. Cox resigned as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in July 1970, amid rumors of misused funds. The allegations were investigated, but Cox was never charged with any wrongdoing.  Cox steadfastly denied that his resignation had anything to do with the rumors.  He cited business concerns for his failing land development corporation in Nansemond County as his reason for leaving.","More legal troubles ensued in 1973 when Cox was brought before a Grand Jury for keeping interests in private enterprises while working for public interests during his time with NRHA. Between 1964 and 1985, Cox was an owner of two successful real estate development firms, one of these being Suffolk's Cedar Point, a residential and golf community. However, the Grand Jury found no criminal misconduct by Cox, but did scold Cox for a breach of ethics.","In 1973, Lawrence Cox was appointed Counselor to the U.S. Conference of Mayors for policy and legislative matters; and from 1976 to 1982, he served on the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Cox also remained actively involved in real estate development from 1964 until the late 1980s.","In 1990, the Medical College of Hampton Roads and Eastern Virginia Medical School awarded Cox the degree of Doctor of Human Letters, honoris causa. In the early 1990's, he and his wife moved to the Hilton Head Island Retirement Community. After his retirement, Cox had the opportunity to pursue leisure activities. Cox was an avid golfer and a fisherman.  He was interested in history and involved in the Sons of the American Revolution and the Children of the Confederacy. Cox died on November 7, 2002 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers., Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow from January-March 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers (MG 62), Paul Caplan Papers (MG 78)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection deals primarily with the career of Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. at the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority; the Department of Housing and Urban Development; (HUD); and as a private real estate counselor.","These papers document his activities in Washington, D.C. in the early 1930's; in Norfolk from 1940 until 1969; with HUD in 1969 and 1970; and from his home in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Hilton Head Island, in later years. Additionally, this collection contains personal information on his family, retirement, and hobbies.","Materials in the archives consist of proposed and enacted legislation at the national and state level; press releases; mailing lists; newsletters; magazines; reports; pamphlets; books; correspondence; newspaper clippings; awards; achievements; resumes; photos; speeches, and various other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_90aede5b87e629e179a2d019030ee11a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eServed as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Served as the Executive Director of the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority (NRHA) from 1941-1969 and, thereafter, as Assistant Secretary for Renewal and Housing Assistance in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) during Nixon's administration. Collection chiefly consists of the records accumulated during his service with the NRHA and HUD."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development"],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"persname_ssim":["Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development","Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2881,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_260"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_135.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/135","title_filing_ssi":"Andrews, Mason C.","title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated","Date acquired: 10/14/1998","1950-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1990"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/14/1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"text":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Second accession was donated in November 2011","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki","The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"creators_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Mason C. Andrews","Gift. Accession #A98-10"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"extent_tesim":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSecond accession was donated in November 2011\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Second accession was donated in November 2011"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews passed away on October 13, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3beccc7904064ee132f9b64969a681f1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePhysician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1371,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_135.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/135","title_filing_ssi":"Andrews, Mason C.","title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated","Date acquired: 10/14/1998","1950-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1777-2010, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1990"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/14/1998"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"text":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Second accession was donated in November 2011","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki","The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 62","/repositories/5/resources/135"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"creators_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Mason C. Andrews","Gift. Accession #A98-10"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians--Virginia--Norfolk","Gynecologists--Virginia--Norfolk","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"extent_tesim":["61.3 Linear Feet","95 Hollinger document cases, 16 oversized boxes, 2 artifact boxes, and one audiovisual box boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSecond accession was donated in November 2011\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Second accession was donated in November 2011"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrews passed away on October 13, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mason C. Andrews was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. He graduated from Maury High School, and later received his Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Princeton and his M.D. from John's Hopkins University. He specialized in obstetrics and gynecology and completed his residency training at Johns Hopkins as well. Andrews then began a successful OB/GYN private practice in Norfolk in 1950. Additionally, Dr. Andrews taught Obstetrics and Gynecology at Johns Hopkins University and later at Eastern Virginia Medical School.","Andrews' community service began during the 1950's with service on the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce and the Health Welfare and Recreation Planning Council. While serving as president of the Norfolk County Medical Society, Andrews appointed a bipartisan committee to study the need for a medical school in the area. The study was able to convince the Virginia General Assembly of the need for a new medical school. In 1964 the Eastern Virginia Medical Center authority was formed with the charge of developing the new medical school. Andrews served as the chairman of the authority from 1964-1970. Under his leadership a medical center complex was built in an area that has once been slums. The medical complex now consists of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk General Hospital, Medical Tower, Public Health Department, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Tidewater Rehabilitation Institute. In addition, as chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at EVMS Andrews was instrumental in bringing the team of Drs. Howard and Georgeanna Jones to Norfolk. The Drs. Jones specialized in treating infertility problems. In 1981 they brought notoriety to Norfolk with the role they played in the first successful birth, in the United States, of a baby conceived by in-vitro fertilization. With the success of the in-vitro fertilization program the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine was founded in 1983.","Andrews also served on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992 to 1994. During his tenure on the council he was instrumental in the redevelopment of the downtown waterfront. Andrews introduced the developer of Baltimore's Inner Harbor, James Rouse, to Norfolk. Rouse designed the Waterside Festival Marketplace for the Norfolk waterfront. Other downtown projects promoted by Andrews included Nauticus, the Norfolk campus of Tidewater Community College, and the MacArthur Center Mall. Mason Andrews declined to run for re-election to city council in 2000.","Andrews passed away on October 13, 2006.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Mason C. Andrews Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, photographs, medical articles, newspaper clippings, architectural drawings, reports, and other material maintained by Mason C. Andrews, an OB/GYN doctor and Norfolk City Council member. The bulk of the material relates to the development of the Norfolk Medical Center and the Eastern Virginia Medical School, as well as Andrews' tenure on the Norfolk City Council from 1974 to 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3beccc7904064ee132f9b64969a681f1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePhysician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Physician, former city council member and mayor of Norfolk. Served on Norfolk city council from 1974 to 2000 and as the city's mayor from 1992-1994. Was instrumental in the development of the Eastern Virginia Medical School complex and the redevelopment of downtown Norfolk. The collection includes personal, business, and political papers."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"persname_ssim":["Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","Eastern Virginia Medical School","Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1371,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_135"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_187.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/187","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation","title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated","Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1922/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"text":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008","MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.","Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.","From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.","The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.","This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Norfolk, Virginia, Public Schools","Gift. Accession #A2007-006"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc312911e0755655711aff73f46b1cbc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":425,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:26.509Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_187.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/187","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation","title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated","Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1922/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"text":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008","MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.","Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.","From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.","The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.","This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Norfolk, Virginia, Public Schools","Gift. Accession #A2007-006"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc312911e0755655711aff73f46b1cbc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":425,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:26.509Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":14},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950","value":"Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, 1807/1950, bulk 1919/1950","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alice+Rice+Jaffe+Papers%2C+1807%2F1950%2C+bulk+1919%2F1950\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997","value":"Calvert Walke Tazewell Papers, 1900/1997","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Calvert+Walke+Tazewell+Papers%2C+1900%2F1997\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980","value":"Charles Burgess Papers, 1925/2000, bulk 1960/1980","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Charles+Burgess+Papers%2C+1925%2F2000%2C+bulk+1960%2F1980\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953","value":"Hugh Lee Butler Papers, 1896/1953","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Hugh+Lee+Butler+Papers%2C+1896%2F1953\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980","value":"James R. Sweeney Papers, 1905/2018, bulk 1970/1980","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=James+R.+Sweeney+Papers%2C+1905%2F2018%2C+bulk+1970%2F1980\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","value":"Joseph D. Wood Papers, 1917/1951","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Joseph+D.+Wood+Papers%2C+1917%2F1951\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004","value":"Joseph T. Fitzpatrick Papers, 1895/2004","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Joseph+T.+Fitzpatrick+Papers%2C+1895%2F2004\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","value":"Lawrence M. Cox, Sr. Papers, 1902/2002","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Lawrence+M.+Cox%2C+Sr.+Papers%2C+1902%2F2002\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","value":"Mason C. Andrews Papers, 1777/2010, bulk 1950/1990","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mason+C.+Andrews+Papers%2C+1777%2F2010%2C+bulk+1950%2F1990\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008","value":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, 1922/2008","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+Public+Schools+Desegregation+Collection%2C+1922%2F2008\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk United Community Fund Records, 1923/1970","value":"Norfolk United Community Fund Records, 1923/1970","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+United+Community+Fund+Records%2C+1923%2F1970\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1777","value":"1777","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1777\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1778","value":"1778","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1778\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1779","value":"1779","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1779\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1780","value":"1780","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1780\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1781","value":"1781","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1781\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1782","value":"1782","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1782\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1783","value":"1783","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1783\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1784","value":"1784","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1784\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1785","value":"1785","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1785\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1786","value":"1786","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1786\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1787","value":"1787","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1787\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","value":"Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Andrews%2C+Mason+Cooke+%281919-2006%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","value":"Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Burgess%2C+Charles+O.+%281929-2019%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","value":"Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Butler%2C+Hugh+Lee+%281871-1946%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","value":"Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Caplan%2C+Paul+Glasser+%281918-2003%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)","value":"Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Cooper%2C+Dudley+%281899-1996%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","value":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Cox%2C+Lawrence+Morgan%2C+Sr.+%281912-2002%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Duckworth, W. Fred (1899-1972)","value":"Duckworth, W. Fred (1899-1972)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Duckworth%2C+W.+Fred+%281899-1972%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","value":"Fitzpatrick, Joseph Thomas (1929-2006)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Fitzpatrick%2C+Joseph+Thomas+%281929-2006%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","value":"Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Jaffe%2C+Alice+Rice+%281888-1950%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","value":"Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+Public+Schools+%28Norfolk%2C+Va.%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk United Community Fund","value":"Norfolk United Community Fund","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+United+Community+Fund\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"American Red Cross","value":"American Red Cross","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Red+Cross\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","value":"Andrews, Mason Cooke (1919-2006)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Andrews%2C+Mason+Cooke+%281919-2006%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","value":"Burgess, Charles O. (1929-2019)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Burgess%2C+Charles+O.+%281929-2019%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","value":"Butler, Hugh Lee (1871-1946)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Butler%2C+Hugh+Lee+%281871-1946%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","value":"Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Caplan%2C+Paul+Glasser+%281918-2003%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","value":"College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary.+Norfolk+Division\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)","value":"Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Cooper%2C+Dudley+%281899-1996%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","value":"Cox, Lawrence Morgan, Sr. (1912-2002)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Cox%2C+Lawrence+Morgan%2C+Sr.+%281912-2002%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Davis, Samuel","value":"Davis, Samuel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Davis%2C+Samuel\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Duckworth, W. Fred (1899-1972)","value":"Duckworth, W. Fred (1899-1972)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Duckworth%2C+W.+Fred+%281899-1972%29\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","value":"Eastern Virginia Medical Authority","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Eastern+Virginia+Medical+Authority\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","value":"Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Hampton+Roads+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","value":"Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","hits":14},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","value":"Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--Politics+and+government--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans--Civil rights","value":"African Americans--Civil rights","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Civil+rights\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans--Segregation","value":"African Americans--Segregation","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Amusement park owners--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"Amusement park owners--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Amusement+park+owners--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Amusement parks--Virginia--Norfolk--History","value":"Amusement parks--Virginia--Norfolk--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Amusement+parks--Virginia--Norfolk--History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Boush-Tazewell-Waller House","value":"Boush-Tazewell-Waller House","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Boush-Tazewell-Waller+House\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","value":"Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Brown+vs.+Board+of+Education+of+Topeka\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Busing+for+school+integration--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Charities--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"Charities--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Charities--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","value":"City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=City+council+members--Virginia--Norfolk\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":14},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29--History--20th+century\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}