{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=8","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=7","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=9","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=9"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":8,"next_page":9,"prev_page":7,"total_pages":9,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":70,"total_count":81,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series 7: New York, 1917/2018","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series 7: New York","title_ssm":["Series 7: New York"],"title_tesim":["Series 7: New York"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series 7: New York, 1917/2018"],"text":["Series 7: New York, 1917/2018","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","English","This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-2018, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":269,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["4 boxes","2 boxes","5 folders"],"extent_tesim":["4 boxes","2 boxes","5 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005, 1905/2000","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03","parent_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005","title_ssm":["Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005"],"title_tesim":["Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005, 1905/2000"],"text":["Subject Files: Brand, Michael: Articles/emails - September 2000-November 2005, 1905/2000","Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009","box RG-03 Box 112","folder 16"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000-1905"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":3706,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"containers_ssim":["box RG-03 Box 112","folder 16"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#45","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_24.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/24","title_filing_ssi":"Curatorial (RG-03)","title_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-2019 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-2019 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"text":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24","The collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).","The collection is organized into five series. Series 1 is divided into sub-series by curator, arranged chronologically by when the curator joined the museum staff. Series 2 is divided into sub-series by collection, arranged chronologically by when the collection was accessioned.","Series 1\n        Curator Files, 1962-2014, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Collection Files, 1963-1996, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Subject Files, 1928-2009, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Institute for Contemporary Art (ICA), 1976-1999, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Declined Accessions, undated","The collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["215 Linear Feet 164 boxes; 4,402 folders"],"extent_tesim":["215 Linear Feet 164 boxes; 4,402 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series. Series 1 is divided into sub-series by curator, arranged chronologically by when the curator joined the museum staff. 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Series 1 is divided into sub-series by curator, arranged chronologically by when the curator joined the museum staff. Series 2 is divided into sub-series by collection, arranged chronologically by when the collection was accessioned.","Series 1\n        Curator Files, 1962-2014, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Collection Files, 1963-1996, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Subject Files, 1928-2009, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Institute for Contemporary Art (ICA), 1976-1999, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Declined Accessions, undated"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Curatorial Department (RG-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":4501,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c46"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c138","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004, 1904/1981","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c138#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c138","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c138"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c138","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03","parent_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004","title_ssm":["Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004"],"title_tesim":["Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004, 1904/1981"],"text":["Subject Files: Deaccessioning Policies of Other Museums: Policies/correspondence/articles - 1981-2004, 1904/1981","Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009","box RG-03 Box 115","folder 19"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","Series 3: Subject Files, 1928/2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1981-1904"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":3798,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"containers_ssim":["box RG-03 Box 115","folder 19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#137","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_24","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_24.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/24","title_filing_ssi":"Curatorial (RG-03)","title_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-2019 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-2019 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"text":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019","RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24","The collection is minimally unprocessed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).","The collection is organized into five series. Series 1 is divided into sub-series by curator, arranged chronologically by when the curator joined the museum staff. Series 2 is divided into sub-series by collection, arranged chronologically by when the collection was accessioned.","Series 1\n        Curator Files, 1962-2014, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Collection Files, 1963-1996, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Subject Files, 1928-2009, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Institute for Contemporary Art (ICA), 1976-1999, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Declined Accessions, undated","The collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Curatorial Department (RG-03), 1928/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-03","/repositories/2/resources/24"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["215 Linear Feet 164 boxes; 4,402 folders"],"extent_tesim":["215 Linear Feet 164 boxes; 4,402 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally unprocessed. 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Series 1 is divided into sub-series by curator, arranged chronologically by when the curator joined the museum staff. 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Series 2 is divided into sub-series by collection, arranged chronologically by when the collection was accessioned.","Series 1\n        Curator Files, 1962-2014, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Collection Files, 1963-1996, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Subject Files, 1928-2009, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Institute for Contemporary Art (ICA), 1976-1999, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Declined Accessions, undated"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Curatorial Department through periodic deposits since 1987."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Curatorial Department (RG-03). 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Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":4501,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_24_c03_c328"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers, 1916/1990","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01","parent_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 1: Pinkney Near, 1916/2002"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers, 1916/1990"],"text":["Sub-Series 1.2: Personal Papers, 1916/1990","Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 1: Pinkney Near, 1916/2002","English, Latin."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 1: Pinkney Near, 1916/2002"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 1: Pinkney Near, 1916/2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916/1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916-1990"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":5,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English, Latin."],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:21.394Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_15984.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/15984","title_filing_ssi":"Near, Pinkney and Henrietta (SC-42)","title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"text":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. 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She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. 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The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","English\n,       Latin\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"unitid_tesim":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. 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Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Pinkney Near, 1916-2002\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Henrietta Near, 1873-2020\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Artist Research Files, 1969-2011"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. 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She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English\n,       Latin\n."],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:21.394Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c02"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 1.3: Near Family Papers, 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Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Pinkney Near, 1916-2002\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Henrietta Near, 1873-2020\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Artist Research Files, 1969-2011","Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections.","The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","English\n,       Latin\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"unitid_tesim":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney Near, 1916-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHenrietta Near, 1873-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArtist Research Files, 1969-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Pinkney Near, 1916-2002\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Henrietta Near, 1873-2020\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Artist Research Files, 1969-2011"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English\n,       Latin\n."],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:21.394Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c01_c03"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers, 1873/1994","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02","parent_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 2: Henrietta Near, 1873/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers, 1873/1994"],"text":["Sub-Series 2.4: Lloyd Family Papers, 1873/1994","Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 2: Henrietta Near, 1873/2020","box SC-42 Box 2","Binder SC-42 Box 4","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 2: Henrietta Near, 1873/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","Series 2: Henrietta Near, 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family."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:21.394Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_15984.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/15984","title_filing_ssi":"Near, Pinkney and Henrietta (SC-42)","title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020"],"text":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42), 1873/2020","SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Pinkney Near, 1916-2002\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Henrietta Near, 1873-2020\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Artist Research Files, 1969-2011","Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. 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Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney Near, 1916-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHenrietta Near, 1873-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArtist Research Files, 1969-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. 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She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English\n,       Latin\n."],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:21.394Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02_c04"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History, 1880/1977","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 4: Communications Village, 1880/1980"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History, 1880/1977"],"text":["Sub-Series 4.5: Poughkeepsie Oral History, 1880/1977","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 4: Communications Village, 1880/1980","box VA-12 Box 4","English","This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 4: Communications Village, 1880/1980"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 4: Communications Village, 1880/1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1977, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":217,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["1 box","1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 box","1 folder"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c04_c05"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston, 1917/2018","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 7: New York, 1917/2018"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston, 1917/2018"],"text":["Sub-Series 7.1: Poughkeepsie/Kingston, 1917/2018","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 7: New York, 1917/2018","box VA-12 Box 8","VA-12 File 2","English","This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 7: New York, 1917/2018"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 7: New York, 1917/2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-2018"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":270,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["2 boxes","2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2 boxes","2 folders"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 8","VA-12 File 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c07_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","value":"Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","hits":81},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Benjamin L. 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