{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=56","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=55","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=57","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=65"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":56,"next_page":57,"prev_page":55,"total_pages":65,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":550,"total_count":644,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Registers, 1916/1921","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eGrand Theatre register books\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16","parent_ssim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910/2000"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16"],"title_filing_ssi":"Registers","title_ssm":["Registers"],"title_tesim":["Registers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registers, 1916/1921"],"text":["Registers, 1916/1921","Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910/2000","Box 63","Folder 1-2","Grand Theatre register books"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910/2000"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910/2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916/1921"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1916-1920, 1920-1921"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":215,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000"],"containers_ssim":["Box 63","Folder 1-2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrand Theatre register books\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Grand Theatre register books"],"_nest_path_":"/components#15/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1494.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195773","title_ssm":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records"],"title_tesim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000"],"text":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000","A\u0026M 3254","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1494","Theater.","Theaters - Morgantown.","No special access restriction applies.","This collection contains ninety years' worth of records related to the history of the Metropolitan Theatre and other respected local arts institutions, such as the Strand Theatre, Morgan Theatre, Morgantown Theatre Company, Morgantown Amusement Company and Westover Drive-In. Materials include movie posters, newspaper clippings, tickets, movie studio newsletters, film stills, operators' reports, payroll ledgers and blueprints, among other material.","Topics include the film industry (marketing, distribution and studios), theatre history (vaudeville, road shows and burlesque), theatre management (supervisory reports, registers, financial ledgers, maintenance reports, receipts and expenses), and other similar topics.","Highlights include handwritten register books featuring the names of various vaudeville acts, 1970s era 3D glasses and film clip art and newspaper plates for upcoming features.","Series include:","Series 1. Administrative Records, 1929-1966 and undated","Series 2. Artifacts, 1959-1986 and undated","Series 3. Blueprints, 1948-1975 and undated","Series 4. Books, 1897-1970","Series 5. Daily and Hourly Reports, 1926-1987","Series 6. Doorman's Reports, 1943-1962","Series 7. Ephemera, 1920-1986","Series 8. Financial Records, 1924-1985","Series 9. Legal Records, 1911-1986","Series 10. Maps, 1960-1971","Series 11. Meeting Minutes, 1925-1958","Series 12. Miscellaneous, 1934-1938","Series 13. Movie Advertising, 1960-1969","Series 14. Operators Reports, 1936-1987","Series 15. Weekly Reports, 1924-1939","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910-2000","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Metropolitan Theatre","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000"],"collection_ssim":["Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, 1910/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3254","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1494"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3254","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1494"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Metropolitan Theatre"],"creator_ssim":["Metropolitan Theatre"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Metropolitan Theatre"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Metropolitan Theatre"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift from Metropolitan Theatre Preservation Foundation, via Yagle, R. Karl, 1997/03/10.\nAddendum from Metropolitan Theatre Preservation Foundation via Judith Dinardi, 2000/02/16.\nAddenda from Metropolitan Theatre Preservation Foundation via Richard McEwuen, 2005/06/10 and 2005/07/14."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater.","Theaters - Morgantown."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater.","Theaters - Morgantown."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75.38 Linear Feet 75 ft. 4.5 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (59 records cartons, 15 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2.5 in. each); (1 ledger book, wrapped, 2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["75.38 Linear Feet 75 ft. 4.5 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (59 records cartons, 15 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2.5 in. each); (1 ledger book, wrapped, 2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, A\u0026amp;M 3254, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Metropolitan Theatre, Morgantown, Records, A\u0026M 3254, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains ninety years' worth of records related to the history of the Metropolitan Theatre and other respected local arts institutions, such as the Strand Theatre, Morgan Theatre, Morgantown Theatre Company, Morgantown Amusement Company and Westover Drive-In. Materials include movie posters, newspaper clippings, tickets, movie studio newsletters, film stills, operators' reports, payroll ledgers and blueprints, among other material. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the film industry (marketing, distribution and studios), theatre history (vaudeville, road shows and burlesque), theatre management (supervisory reports, registers, financial ledgers, maintenance reports, receipts and expenses), and other similar topics. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlights include handwritten register books featuring the names of various vaudeville acts, 1970s era 3D glasses and film clip art and newspaper plates for upcoming features.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Administrative Records, 1929-1966 and undated \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Artifacts, 1959-1986 and undated \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3. Blueprints, 1948-1975 and undated \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Books, 1897-1970 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Daily and Hourly Reports, 1926-1987 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6. Doorman's Reports, 1943-1962 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7. Ephemera, 1920-1986 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8. Financial Records, 1924-1985 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9. Legal Records, 1911-1986 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10. Maps, 1960-1971 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11. Meeting Minutes, 1925-1958 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12. Miscellaneous, 1934-1938 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13. Movie Advertising, 1960-1969 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14. Operators Reports, 1936-1987 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15. Weekly Reports, 1924-1939 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910-2000\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains ninety years' worth of records related to the history of the Metropolitan Theatre and other respected local arts institutions, such as the Strand Theatre, Morgan Theatre, Morgantown Theatre Company, Morgantown Amusement Company and Westover Drive-In. Materials include movie posters, newspaper clippings, tickets, movie studio newsletters, film stills, operators' reports, payroll ledgers and blueprints, among other material.","Topics include the film industry (marketing, distribution and studios), theatre history (vaudeville, road shows and burlesque), theatre management (supervisory reports, registers, financial ledgers, maintenance reports, receipts and expenses), and other similar topics.","Highlights include handwritten register books featuring the names of various vaudeville acts, 1970s era 3D glasses and film clip art and newspaper plates for upcoming features.","Series include:","Series 1. Administrative Records, 1929-1966 and undated","Series 2. Artifacts, 1959-1986 and undated","Series 3. Blueprints, 1948-1975 and undated","Series 4. Books, 1897-1970","Series 5. Daily and Hourly Reports, 1926-1987","Series 6. Doorman's Reports, 1943-1962","Series 7. Ephemera, 1920-1986","Series 8. Financial Records, 1924-1985","Series 9. Legal Records, 1911-1986","Series 10. Maps, 1960-1971","Series 11. Meeting Minutes, 1925-1958","Series 12. Miscellaneous, 1934-1938","Series 13. Movie Advertising, 1960-1969","Series 14. Operators Reports, 1936-1987","Series 15. Weekly Reports, 1924-1939","Series 16. Addenda of 2000-2005, 1910-2000"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e405b79b26564f1bb8f972701bc6298f\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Metropolitan Theatre"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Metropolitan Theatre"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":224,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1494_c16_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Registers from John Brown's Fort, 1906/1927","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13","parent_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169, 1800/1959"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13"],"title_filing_ssi":"Registers from John Brown's Fort","title_ssm":["Registers from John Brown's Fort"],"title_tesim":["Registers from John Brown's Fort"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Registers from John Brown's Fort, 1906/1927"],"text":["Registers from John Brown's Fort, 1906/1927","Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169, 1800/1959","Box 157"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169, 1800/1959"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169, 1800/1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1906/1927"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1906–1927"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":238,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"containers_ssim":["Box 157"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927],"_nest_path_":"/components#12/components#59","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"text":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"creators_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c60"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918, 1918/1955","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the \u003cspan\u003e Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation \u003c/span\u003e. The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled \u003cspan\u003eReport of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10","parent_ssim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February, 1889/2007","Publications, 1897/1993"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918","title_ssm":["Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918"],"title_tesim":["Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918, 1918/1955"],"text":["Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation - 1918, 1918/1955","J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February, 1889/2007","Publications, 1897/1993","Box 211","This box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the  Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation . The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February, 1889/2007","Publications, 1897/1993"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February, 1889/2007","Publications, 1897/1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-1955"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":3694,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010"],"containers_ssim":["Box 211"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This series includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Restrictions apply to the following:","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the \u003ctitle\u003e Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation \u003c/title\u003e. The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled \u003ctitle\u003eReport of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the  Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation . The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite."],"_nest_path_":"/components#14/components#9/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:11:07.415Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6253.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206911","title_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"title_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1860-2013","circa 1970-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1860-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["circa 1970-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010"],"text":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010","A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253","Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents","Part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Special access restrictions apply to the following boxes:","Box 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086).","Box 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:","\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction.","The WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines.  Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.","J. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.","In April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.","Mr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in  U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.","(Adapted from \"Coal: Powering Our Future.\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020.)","Due to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection.","The Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at Upper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company.","Papers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety.  A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.","Topics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.","Series Include:\nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020\nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015\nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015\nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015\nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010\nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010\nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972\nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010\nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012\nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013\nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998\nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978\nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16\nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated\nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, 1860/2013, bulk 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creator_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy"],"creators_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of McAteer, J. Davitt, 2017-2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["325.35 Linear Feet (181 records cartons, 15 in. each); (10 records cartons, 17 in. each); (27 map boxes, 6 in. each); (1 map box, 5 in.); (1 map box, 6.5 in.); (6 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (26 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (7 flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 2.5 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (3 artifact boxes, 6.5 in. each); (1 oversize artifact box, 12 in.); (4 unboxed oversize posters, 0.5 in. total); (12 unboxed oversize mining implements, 48 ft. 10.25 in. total); (1 unboxed oversize office chair, 1 ft. 7.5 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["325.35 Linear Feet (181 records cartons, 15 in. each); (10 records cartons, 17 in. each); (27 map boxes, 6 in. each); (1 map box, 5 in.); (1 map box, 6.5 in.); (6 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (26 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (7 flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 2.5 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (3 artifact boxes, 6.5 in. each); (1 oversize artifact box, 12 in.); (4 unboxed oversize posters, 0.5 in. total); (12 unboxed oversize mining implements, 48 ft. 10.25 in. total); (1 unboxed oversize office chair, 1 ft. 7.5 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePart of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restrictions apply to the following boxes:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines.  Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Special access restrictions apply to the following boxes:","Box 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086).","Box 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:","\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction.","The WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines.  Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in  U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Adapted from \"\u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180823180538/https://www.bowlesrice.com/media/vision/23_vv_Summer10_LR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCoal: Powering Our Future.\u003c/a\u003e\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020.)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.","In April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.","Mr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in  U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.","(Adapted from \"Coal: Powering Our Future.\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020.)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, A\u0026amp;M 4219, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, A\u0026M 4219, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Due to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at \u003ca href=\"https://www.msha.gov/data-reports/upper-big-branch-mine-south-performance-coal-company\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eUpper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at Upper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety.  A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries Include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007 \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety.  A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.","Topics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.","Series Include:\nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020\nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015\nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015\nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015\nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010\nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010\nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972\nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010\nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012\nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013\nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998\nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978\nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16\nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated\nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_968905e970286eb403a618071657af45\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt"],"persname_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3959,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:11:07.415Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c10_c05"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials, 1857/2002, bulk 1910/2002","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDepartment correspondence; \"Final Examinations in the College of Law\" booklets; Circuit Court of Kanawha County case briefs; a ledger of some sort from 1857 likely used as reference material by COL faculty; WVU student body constitutuion and bylaws packets; WV Bar Association constitution and bylaws; \u003cspan\u003eReport of the Faculty of the College of Law to the Committee on Judicial Administration and Legal Reform\u003c/span\u003e; West Virginia Bar Association Annual Meeting Proceedings, 1906-1918 (nonconsecutive); \u003cspan\u003eWVU Services to West Virginia\u003c/span\u003e 1993 and 1995 reports; \u003cspan\u003eWest Virginia Higher Education Report Card\u003c/span\u003e 1992 report; copies of the American Legal Studies Association's \u003cspan\u003eThe ALSA Forum\u003c/span\u003e publication; Association of Legal Writing Directors annual conference proceedings from 2001; and other administrative materials\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04_c30","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04","parent_ssim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019","Series IV. College of Law Administrative Materials, 1800/2019, bulk 1930/2019"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials","title_ssm":["Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials"],"title_tesim":["Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials, 1857/2002, bulk 1910/2002"],"text":["Reports, Conference Proceedings, and Other Administrative Materials, 1857/2002, bulk 1910/2002","West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019","Series IV. College of Law Administrative Materials, 1800/2019, bulk 1930/2019","Box IV.30","Department correspondence; \"Final Examinations in the College of Law\" booklets; Circuit Court of Kanawha County case briefs; a ledger of some sort from 1857 likely used as reference material by COL faculty; WVU student body constitutuion and bylaws packets; WV Bar Association constitution and bylaws; Report of the Faculty of the College of Law to the Committee on Judicial Administration and Legal Reform; West Virginia Bar Association Annual Meeting Proceedings, 1906-1918 (nonconsecutive); WVU Services to West Virginia 1993 and 1995 reports; West Virginia Higher Education Report Card 1992 report; copies of the American Legal Studies Association's The ALSA Forum publication; Association of Legal Writing Directors annual conference proceedings from 2001; and other administrative materials"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019","Series IV. College of Law Administrative Materials, 1800/2019, bulk 1930/2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019","Series IV. College of Law Administrative Materials, 1800/2019, bulk 1930/2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/2002, bulk 1910/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1857-2002"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1910s-2000s"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":116,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019"],"containers_ssim":["Box IV.30"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies to boxes IV.29 and IV.37. Records referring to students and their academic performance must be reviewed for sensitive/FERPA-protected information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.","This series includes digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDepartment correspondence; \"Final Examinations in the College of Law\" booklets; Circuit Court of Kanawha County case briefs; a ledger of some sort from 1857 likely used as reference material by COL faculty; WVU student body constitutuion and bylaws packets; WV Bar Association constitution and bylaws; \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eReport of the Faculty of the College of Law to the Committee on Judicial Administration and Legal Reform\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e; West Virginia Bar Association Annual Meeting Proceedings, 1906-1918 (nonconsecutive); \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eWVU Services to West Virginia\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e 1993 and 1995 reports; \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eWest Virginia Higher Education Report Card\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e 1992 report; copies of the American Legal Studies Association's \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe ALSA Forum\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e publication; Association of Legal Writing Directors annual conference proceedings from 2001; and other administrative materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Department correspondence; \"Final Examinations in the College of Law\" booklets; Circuit Court of Kanawha County case briefs; a ledger of some sort from 1857 likely used as reference material by COL faculty; WVU student body constitutuion and bylaws packets; WV Bar Association constitution and bylaws; Report of the Faculty of the College of Law to the Committee on Judicial Administration and Legal Reform; West Virginia Bar Association Annual Meeting Proceedings, 1906-1918 (nonconsecutive); WVU Services to West Virginia 1993 and 1995 reports; West Virginia Higher Education Report Card 1992 report; copies of the American Legal Studies Association's The ALSA Forum publication; Association of Legal Writing Directors annual conference proceedings from 2001; and other administrative materials"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#29","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:11:43.922Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_7139.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/272857","title_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"title_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-2019","1920s-2010s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-2019"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920s-2010s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019"],"text":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019","A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139","Law -- Study and teaching","Law schools","Law libraries","Special access restriction applies to the following boxes:\nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47\nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7\nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37\nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.","The West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the COL History webpage.","This collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level.","Two legal texts, Pandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus (1591) and Pandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019"],"collection_ssim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, 1807/2019, bulk 1920/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creator_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transfers from West Virginia University College of Law via Osborne, Caroline, 18 March 2021, 20 February 2023, and 5 June 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law -- Study and teaching","Law schools","Law libraries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law -- Study and teaching","Law schools","Law libraries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["142.67 Linear Feet 142 feet and 8 inches\n\nSeries I: 38 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 3 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 1 unboxed item, 1.5 in.; \n\nSeries II: 11 record cartons, 15 in. each; 5 unboxed reels of film, 1 in. each;  \n\nSeries III: 15 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total;  \n\nSeries IV: 30 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 index card boxes, 12 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 6 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 4 in.; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.25 in. total; 1 framed item, 1.5 in.; 3 unboxed ledgers, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries V: 1 record carton, 15 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total; 2 unboxed rolled items, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries VI: 4 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; \n\nSeries VII: 5 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 3 oversize folders, 0.75 in. total"],"extent_tesim":["142.67 Linear Feet 142 feet and 8 inches\n\nSeries I: 38 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 3 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 1 unboxed item, 1.5 in.; \n\nSeries II: 11 record cartons, 15 in. each; 5 unboxed reels of film, 1 in. each;  \n\nSeries III: 15 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total;  \n\nSeries IV: 30 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 index card boxes, 12 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 6 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 4 in.; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.25 in. total; 1 framed item, 1.5 in.; 3 unboxed ledgers, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries V: 1 record carton, 15 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total; 2 unboxed rolled items, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries VI: 4 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; \n\nSeries VII: 5 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 3 oversize folders, 0.75 in. total"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies to the following boxes:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ethe West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e in advance.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies to the following boxes:\nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47\nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7\nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37\nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.wvu.edu/about-us/history\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCOL History webpage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the COL History webpage."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, A\u0026amp;M 4735, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, A\u0026M 4735, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo legal texts, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003ePandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e (1591) and \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003ePandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two legal texts, Pandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus (1591) and Pandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f62384a19fcd119cbc3e5fbf7ac89e4\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4469","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4469","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4469","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4469","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4469.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198080","title_ssm":["John E. Winter Papers"],"title_tesim":["John E. 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(8 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John E. Winter Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John E. Winter Papers, A\u0026M 1230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffice and academic papers of John E. Winters, a former head of the Psychology Department, West Virginia University. The papers include his college notebooks, lecture notes, class outlines, speeches, reprints, and material relating to his study of the cardio-pneumosphygmograph, and the psychology of faith healing, mesmerism, and spiritualism.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Office and academic papers of John E. Winters, a former head of the Psychology Department, West Virginia University. The papers include his college notebooks, lecture notes, class outlines, speeches, reprints, and material relating to his study of the cardio-pneumosphygmograph, and the psychology of faith healing, mesmerism, and spiritualism."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box."],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box."],"containers_ssim":["box 13"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_595.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/516","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Armstead L., papers","title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-2001","1967-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-2001"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"text":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595","Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans","Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)","The collection is open for research use.","Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.","Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.","The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails.","Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"collection_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"geogname_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"places_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Prof. Mildred W. Robinson, 12 June 2003;  \nTransfer by University of Virginia Press acquisitions editor Richard K. Holway, 9 August 2005; Tranfer by Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies, 2 October 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.\n  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArmstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor. \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41). \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12). \u003c/p\u003e  \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eHe served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003e\n    \n    Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eAs to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eProminent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n    ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails. \u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":71,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c03"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Research material, 1860/1995","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04","parent_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_595","viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Research material","title_ssm":["Research material"],"title_tesim":["Research material"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Research material, 1860/1995"],"text":["Research material, 1860/1995","Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials","box 12","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860's-1995"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":20,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box."],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box."],"containers_ssim":["box 12"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_595.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/516","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Armstead L., papers","title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-2001","1967-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-2001"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"text":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595","Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans","Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)","The collection is open for research use.","Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.","Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.","The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails.","Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"collection_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"geogname_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"places_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Prof. Mildred W. Robinson, 12 June 2003;  \nTransfer by University of Virginia Press acquisitions editor Richard K. Holway, 9 August 2005; Tranfer by Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies, 2 October 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.\n  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArmstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor. \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41). \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12). \u003c/p\u003e  \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eHe served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003e\n    \n    Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eAs to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eProminent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n    ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails. \u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":71,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Research material, 1863/1992","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04","parent_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_595","viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Research material","title_ssm":["Research material"],"title_tesim":["Research material"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Research material, 1863/1992"],"text":["Research material, 1863/1992","Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials","box 14","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","Research Materials"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1992"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":22,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 1 c.f. box"],"containers_ssim":["box 14"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_595","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_595.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/516","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Armstead L., papers","title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-2001","1967-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-2001"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"text":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992","MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595","Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans","Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)","The collection is open for research use.","Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.","Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.","The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails.","Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"collection_ssim":["Armstead L. Robinson papers, 1848/2001, bulk 1967/1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12836","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/595"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"geogname_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"places_ssim":["Slave trade-United States-History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- African Americans"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Prof. Mildred W. Robinson, 12 June 2003;  \nTransfer by University of Virginia Press acquisitions editor Richard K. Holway, 9 August 2005; Tranfer by Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies, 2 October 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States--History--19th Century","African Americans -- Study and teaching","African Americans -- History -- 1863-1877","Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["38 Cubic Feet 34 cubic boxes, 5 card file boxes, 3 clamshell boxes, and 1 oversize box"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiocassettes.","letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.\n  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Original order has been preserved as much as possible; several original boxes (Boxes 15-19 [note cards] and 26-28 [1880 census schedules]) was retained because of the size of their particular contents. Items with no ostensible order have been organized with similar materials. Folders, with some exceptions, are arranged alphabetically within each series and their contents chronologically. Throughout the collection Robinson is occasionally addressed as \"ALR,\" \"Armstead Robinson,\" \"Armstead L. Robinson,\" \"Prof. Robinson,\" \"Robbie\" or \"Robby.\" Some folders abbreviate Robinson's name as \"ALR,\" particularly in Series 5; his Bitter Fruits of Bondage folders are occasionally abbreviated as \"BFOB. The collection is arranged in six series:","Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-1995 (0.5 c.f., Box 1).  This series consists of the bulk of Robinson's general correspondence, 1967-1995, but researchers should note that other correspondence is available throughout Series 2, 3, 4 and 5. Letters of interest include a letter of Whitney Moore Young Jr. of the National Urban League, promising assistance to Robinson, August 18, 1969. Much of Robinson's 1971 correspondence, while an assistant professor of Black Studies at State University of New York at Stony Brook, consists of his research inquiries relating to Black life in Memphis, Tennessee; there are also references to an accident he suffered, December 7 and 15, 1971.  There are several interesting letters during the 1980s (however, researchers should note the absence of 1982, 1988 and 1989 letters in the general \"Correspondence\" folders), especially Robinson's letter of  resignation from the University of California at Los Angeles, May 13, 1980; many of his May 1980 letters pertain to his University of Virginia faculty appointment. Also of interest: a March 26, 1981 letter from Robinson to John Wilkinson, Alumni Affairs Development, Yale University, seeking financial assistance for the daughter of  University of Virginia faculty colleague Vivian V. Gordon; November 23, 1981, to the Rector of the Board of Visitors, Virginia Commonwealth University, expressing opposition to the proposed consolidation of its library system with the school's Visual Education Services; December 9, 1981, to the editor of The Harvard Magazine, describing Robinson's role in the establishment of a Black Studies program at Yale University; March 1984 correspondence with Molefi Kete Asante (founder of Afrocentricity and a Black Studies proponent) accusing Robinson of falsely claiming to have been founding director of the Center for Afro-American Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles.","Series 2: Academic Career, 1964-1969 (4.5 c.f., Boxes 1-5).  This series is concerned with Robinson's academic career and is divided into four subseries; there is some chronological and historical overlap among the folders.\nSubseries A: Yale University (Boxes 1-3) chiefly concerns Robinson's work with the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY), its 1968 symposium \"Black Studies in the University,\" and seven audiotape reel recordings of the symposium's proceedings later transcribed, published and edited by Robinson and others as Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969). Symposium participants included McGeorge Bundy; Lawrence Chisolm; Harold Cruse; Robert Dahl; Nathan Hare; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga; Martin Kilson, Jr.; Sidney W. Mintz; Boniface I. Obichere; Donald Ogilvie; Alvin Poussaint; Edwin S. Redkey; Charles Henry Taylor, Jr.; Farris Thompson, and Gerald A. McWorter.\nSubseries B: State University of New York (Box 4) is concerned with Robinson's faculty career and early interest in Black Studies. \nSubseries C: University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Rochester, New York (Box 4)includes Robinson's UCLA class lecture notes and papers while a Rochester doctoral student. \nSubseries D: University of Virginia (Boxes 4-5)represents the longest and final phase of Robinson's academic career. Included are lecture notes, syllabi, course evaluations, and various topical and subject files including folders for colleagues Matthew W. Holden Jr., Nathan A. Scott, Jr., and Jeanne Maddox Toungara; the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies (researchers should note that the majority of the Woodson Institute's papers, including those during Robinson's tenure, are retained there and may not yet be available for public research); the Corcoran Department of History (with correspondence and memoranda of Edward L. Ayers and Edwin E. Floyd concerning Robinson's appointment and tenure); the Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (a university committee Robinson co-chaired); the Office of Afro-American Affairs (1986 letters to University of Virginia president Robert O'Neil in defense of OAAA dean Paul L. Puryear and critical of the handling of his resignation as dean and the controversy surrounding it), and, the transcribed remarks of  F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (labor and civil rights activist.","Series 3: Subject and Topical Files (Boxes 5-11) consists of alphabetized subject and topical folders of select individuals followed by those of organizations and groups.  Among the prominent correspondents (Boxes 5-7): Herbert Aptheker, Ira Berlin, LaWanda F. Cox, Stanley L. Engerman, Michael W. Fitzgerald, John Hope Franklin, Eugene D. Genovese, Herbert Gutman, Stephen Hahn, Vincent Harding, Darlene Clark Hine, C. Stuart McGehee, Pauline Maier, August Meier, Nell Irvin Painter, Lewis Perry, Edwin S. Redkey, William Scarborough, Robert Brent Toplin, Edmund S. Wehrle, and C. Vann Woodward. Folders of some of  Robinson's former students are also present.","Series 4: Research Materials (Boxes 11-32)is the collection's largest series and contains research materials, 1850-1995, on the American Civil War, African-American history, Robinson's dissertation and Bitter Fruits of Bondage book, and census projects. (His extensive census research is filed at the end of this series). The majority of nineteenth century material are photocopies. Folders are arranged alphabetically, and several contain materials cited in Bitter Fruits of Bondage. Folders of interest include: \"First Africans in Virginia (Jamestown)\" (Box 11); \"Memphis Social History Project/Memphis Leadership Project\" (Robinson's letter of June 17, 1977 describes this project as having been conceived by him in 1966, while a junior at Yale, as a history of the Black community in Memphis) (Box 12); \"Research Material: Reconstruction: Black Political Leaders in Memphis, Tennessee (city directory and census data)\" (Box 14).Census materials comprise the latter part of Series IV, and at twelve boxes are the largest groups of materials in the series and the collection (Boxes 20-32).","Series 5: Writings and Publications (Boxes 32-42)the collection's second largest series, contains Robinson's writings, publications and manuscripts of his Yale honors' thesis, University of Rochester dissertation \"Day of Jubilo\" [formerly \"Cotton, Contrabands, and Mr. Lincoln's War\"], Bitter Fruits of Bondage (Boxes 32-38), articles, book reviews, public and conference lectures. These folders are arranged alphabetically by title and chronologically within title headings. Some of Robinson's manuscripts were critiqued on his behalf by colleagues and fellow historians such as Ira Berlin, Edward L. Ayers, Michael F. Holt, Michael Johnson, Julie S. Jones, Theresa M. Towner, and Bell Irvin Wiley.","Series 6: Oversize (Oversize Box U-10) is the last for the collection. Items are arranged chronologically and include: a photostatic copy of a 1863 letter from James Seddon, Confederate secretary of war, to Jefferson Davis; two pencil and ink sketches of Carter G. Woodson; a 1994 certificate declaring Robinson an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi; an incomplete numbered set of \"Images of Afro-Americans of the Emancipation Era\" (Hodges Publications); University of North Carolina Department of Geography census templates and demographic maps; photostatic copies of Civil War maps from National Archives (Washington, D.C.) record group numbers 77 and 94, and speaking engagement posters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArmstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor. \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41). \u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12). \u003c/p\u003e  \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eHe served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Armstead Louis Robinson was born on April 30, 1947 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the son of Reverend Dr. DeWitt Robinson (a Lutheran clergyman) and Ruth Dickinson Robinson. He attended segregated New Orleans public schools (Trinity Lutheran Elementary and Rivers Frederick Junior High), and Hamilton High School in Memphis, Tennessee, from which he graduated with honors in 1964.","Robinson enrolled at Yale University in 1964 as one of eighteen African-American men (out of 1,061 men admitted that year) and received a bachelor's degree in History and graduated with honors and distinction in 1969 for his Scholar of the House thesis, \"In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1865-1870.\" As a Yale student Robinson helped create an undergraduate Black Studies program culminating in a 1968 symposium, \"Black Studies in the University,\" and co-edited the conference anthology, Black Studies in the University; A Symposium (Yale University Press, 1969), one of the first books on Black Studies. This experience led to his lifelong interest in promoting Black Studies. While at Yale, Robinson began his teaching career with a lecture series on Black History for the New Haven, Connecticut public school system as well as elementary school day sessions and junior high school evening sessions during 1966-1968.","Robinson was a member of the dean's list (1967-1969), captain of Yale's ROTC Rifle Team (1966-1968), recipient of the 1968 Von Snidren Prize for book collecting, and a member of the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY). As an alumnus he served on the Yale Development Board (1983-1988), the Association of Yale Alumni Board of Governors (1981-1986), and the Yale University Council (1977-1995), of which he served as president during 1981-1986. In 1987 he was the recipient of the Yale Medal for Distinguished Service, his alma mater's highest alumni honor.","Robinson briefly attended Yale Divinity School (1968-1970) before withdrawing to become a visiting professor at Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois (1970), an assistant professor of Africana Studies at the State University of New York, SUNY-Stony Brook, and assistant professor of Africana and Afro-American Studies, SUNY Brockport (1970-1973). Later, Robinson was a visiting scholar or professor of history at the National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), Southwestern at Memphis [now Rhodes College], and Smith College, Massachusetts (Box 10), and the University of Richmond (Box 11).","It is unknown exactly when and why Robinson decided to become a Civil War historian. While an assistant history professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 1973-1980), he began work on his dissertation at the University of Rochester, New York, where he was mentored by two of America's leading historians, Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese. Genovese was among the scholars who early recognized Robinson's talents as a historian. In his seminal study Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World The Slaves Made (1974), Genovese cited Robinson's thesis (pp. 700n26 and 725n4) as \"'In the Aftermath of Slavery: Blacks and Reconstruction in Memphis, Tennessee, 1865-1870,' unpubl. undergraduate thesis, Yale University, 1969\" (Boxes 5, 6, 15-16, 40-41).","Robinson received a Doctorate of Philosophy with Honors from the University of Rochester in 1977 for his dissertation \"Day of Jubilo: Civil War and the Demise of Slavery in the Mississippi Valley, 1861-1865.\" In 1980 he joined the University of Virginia faculty as an associate professor in the Corcoran Department of History and was also appointed the first director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies; as director he was the general editor of the Carter G. Woodson Series in Black Studies published by the University Press of Virginia and retained these positions until his death. In a June 25, 1980 letter to James T. McIntosh, editor of the Papers of Jefferson Davis, Robinson noted the racial and cultural significance of his Virginia appointment: \"I am happier than I can possibly express to be able to return home to the south, particularly at UVA where I am scheduled to teach . . .  I am indeed excited about the day when a southern black can teach southern and Civil War/Reconstruction history at a major southern university\" (folder \"Papers of Jefferson Davis,\" Box 12).","He served on numerous university committees during his career. At the University of California, Los Angeles, he was a member of: the Faculty Senate (1975-1979); the American Field Written Comprehensive Examination Committee (1976-1979; chairman, 1977-1979), and, the Fellowships Committee, Center for Afro-American Studies (1975-1980; chairman, 1977-1980). While at the University of Virginia he was a member of the Faculty Steering Committee for Major in Afro-American and African Studies (1980-1995); the Faculty Senate (1981-1984; 1987-1990); the Afro-American Faculty-Staff Forum (1982-1984); the Presidential Advisory Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action (1992-1995), and co-chairman, Venable Lane Burial Site Task Force/Catherine \"Kitty\" Foster Homesite (1993-1995). Other notable committee service consisted of the Planning Committee, Booker T. Washington Commemoration, Booker T. Washington National Monument (1983-1984); the Jefferson Davis Book Award Committee (1989-1991; chairman, 1991); the Abraham Lincoln Prize National Advisory Committee (1990-1995); the Afro-American Studies Advisory Committee, Princeton University (1991-1995), and the James Monroe Papers Advisory Board at Ash Lawn-Highland (1992-1997).","Robinson received numerous awards and scholarly recognitions including the Ford Foundation Fund for Distinguished Black Scholars (1971); the UCLA Faculty Career Development Award (1979-1980); the Carter G. Woodson Award, Journal of Negro History (1981); Fellow at the National Humanities and National Research Council (1984-1985); Jefferson Davis Memorial Lecturer, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia (1990); William Allan Neilson Research Professor, Smith College (1991-1992); Louis P. Gottschalk Memorial Lecturer, University of Louisville (1994), and the Jessie Ball DuPont Visiting Professor, University of Richmond (1994-1995). The Virginia State Library Board of Trustees issued a 1990 resolution of thanks for his service during 1984-1989 while a member of its board of trustees, and Robinson was declared an honorary citizen of Natchez, Mississippi in 1994. He was a member of several scholarly organizations including the American Historical Association, the American Studies Association, the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, the Organization of American Historians, and the Southern Historical Association.","Robinson published extensively. He co-edited Black Studies in the University: A Symposium (1969) [Boxes 1-2]; The African Religious Tradition: Historiography (Associated Publishers, 1987), and New Directions in Civil Rights Studies (University Press of Virginia, 1991). His posthumous magnum opus, Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865 (University of Virginia Press, 2005), was nationally acclaimed (Boxes 32-38). The author of several articles, essays and book reviews, Robinson's most significant articles include: \"In the Shadow of Old John Brown: Insurrection Anxiety and Confederate Mobilization, 1861-1863,\" Journal of Negro History (Fall 1980) [Box 41]; \"Beyond the Realm of Social Consensus: New Meanings of Reconstruction for American History,\" The Journal of American History (September 1981) [Box 32], and, \"Reassessing the First Reconstruction: Lost Opportunity or Tragic Era,\" Reviews in American History, (March 1978) [Box 42]. He also wrote the foreword to Calder Loth's Virginia Landmarks of Black History: Sites on the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places (University Press of Virginia, 1995) [Box 42].","Robinson married Mildred (Wigfall) Ravenell, a University of Virginia law professor, at the university's Colonnade Club in 1987. He died of complications from a brain aneurysm at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, on August 28, 1995, at the age of forty-eight. He was survived by his wife Mildred and their daughter Allison; his mother Ruth Robinson; his sisters DeWittress Taylor and Miriam Elmore and a brother, Llewlyn Robinson; two stepchildren, and a host of nieces, nephews and relatives. After a funeral on September 5, 1995, Robinson was interred at Cross of Cavalry Lutheran Church Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. A two-hour memorial \"Service of Thanksgiving,\" attended by nearly 500 colleagues, family and friends, was held on September 29, 1995 at the University of Virginia's Old Cabell Hall auditorium. The Armstead L. Robinson Fellowship Fund was established at the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies in his memory."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12836, Armstead Robinson Papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003e\n    \n    Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eAs to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.\u003c/p\u003e \n    \n\n","\u003cp\u003eProminent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/p\u003e\n    \n    ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails. \u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Armstead L. Robinson papers(1848-2001; 43 cubic feet) consist of audiotapes; book reviews; census material; computer printouts; conference papers; correspondence; biographical information; instructional material; lectures and speeches; manuscripts and original writings by Robinson, his colleagues and students; maps; memorabilia; microfilm; organizational and professional files; photographs; printed items, and research and topical files. Most of the nineteenth century material is in the form of photocopies.","The scope of this collection is national. Professor Robinson's papers are reflective of the life and career of a nationally active professional historian and educator. Topics of interest include: African-American history; African-American life in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, 1840s-1880s; life as an African-American student at Yale University during the 1960s; the development of Black Studies during the 1960s; life as an African-American faculty member at the State University of New York (SUNY), the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and the University of Virginia during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s; slavery in the Confederacy; the nineteenth century American South, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction; and the modern Civil Rights Movement. Several organizations of interest to Robinson include but are not limited to: Antioch College; Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History); the Black Student Alliance at Yale (BSAY); the Booker T. Washington National Monument; Corporate/Community Schools of America; the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Center and Institute of the Black World; National Humanities Center (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); Papers of Jefferson Davis; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of California at Los Angeles; the University of Rochester; the University of Virginia; the Virginia State Library Board, and Yale University.","Robinson corresponded with numerous fellow scholars, historians and prominent persons: Herbert Aptheker (1915-2003), historian; Molefi Kete Asante (b. 1942), founder of Afrocentricity and proponent of Black Studies; Ira Berlin (b. 1941), American historian; John B. Boles (b. 1943), historian and managing editor, Journal of Southern History; F. N. Boney, historian; Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973), educator, librarian and Harlem Renaissance novelist; McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), United States National Security Advisor and head of the Ford Foundation; Austin C. Clarke (b. 1934), Afro-Canadian novelist; John F. Cooke (president, The Disney Channel/Walt Disney Company); Emâilia Viotti da Costa, historian of Brazil; LaWanda F. Cox (1909-2005), historian; Lynda Lasswell Crist (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Merle Curti (1897-1997), American social and intellectual historian; Mary Seaton Dix (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Stanley L. Engerman (b. 1936), economic historian; Karen E. Fields, director, Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-Americans Studies, University of Rochester; Michael W. Fitzgerald (b. 1956), historian; Harold E. Ford [Harold Eugene Ford, Sr., b.1945], U. S. congressman from Tennessee; Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941-2007), historian; John Hope Franklin (1915-2009), American historian; George M. Fredrickson (b. 1934), historian; Eugene D. Genovese (1930-2012), historian; Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates Jr. (b. 1950); A. Bartlett Giamatti (1938-1989), Yale president (and later commissioner of Major League Baseball); Herbert Gutman (1928-1985), historian; Stephen Hahn (b. 1950), Faulkner scholar; Vincent Harding (b. 1931), historian; Nathan Hare (b. 1933), sociologist, psychotherapist, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Darlene Clark Hine (b. 1947), historian; Alton Hornsby (Journal of Negro History); C. Stuart McGehee, historian; Ron \"Maulana\" Karenga (b. 1941), a leader of the Black Studies movement and founder of Kwanzaa, a cultural celebration of African-American culture and community; Lauranett Lee (later curator of African American History, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia); James T. McIntosh (Papers of Jefferson Davis); Pauline Maier (b. 1938), professor of American History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August Meier (1923-2003), historian; Nell Irvin Painter (b. 1942), historian; Lewis C. Perry (b. 1938), historian and editor of The Journal of American History; Edwin S. Redkey (b. 1931), American historian; Joseph Reidy (b. 1948); Dan Roberts, University of Richmond; Leslie S. Rowland, historian; William Scarborough, historian, University of Southern Mississippi; Daryl M. Scott (later a Howard University professor of history and vice president for programs, and member of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's executive council); Robert Brent Toplin (b. 1940), American historian; Edmund S. Wehrle, University of Connecticut; C. Vann Woodward (1908-1999), American historian; Karen L. Wysocki,  and, Whitney Moore Young Jr. (1921-1971), executive director of the National Urban League, Inc., and American civil rights leader.","As to be expected, there is correspondence with several University of Virginia colleagues: Edward L. Ayers (b. 1953), Corcoran Department of History; William A. Elwood (1932-2002), professor of English and associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Edwin E. Floyd, dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Matthew Holden, Jr. (b. 1931), Henry L. and Grace M. Doherty Professor, Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs; Michael F. Holt, Corcoran Department of History; Ervin L. Jordan Jr. (b. 1954), Special Collections Department, Alderman Library; Robert O'Neil, president of the University of Virginia; Nathan Alexander Scott, Jr. (1925-2006), Commonwealth Professor of Religious Studies; Jeanne Maddox Toungara, Corcoran Department of History, and, Theresa M. Towner, Department of English.","Prominent persons mentioned in the collection include: Howard K. Beale (1897-1959), a University of North Carolina historian; Reginald Butler, Corcoran Department of History, and Robinson's successor as director of the Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African studies; Lawrence Chisolm, historian, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert R. Church [Robert Reed Church, Sr.] (1839-1912), business leader and the South's first African-American millionaire; Eldridge Cleaver (1935-1998), a founder of the Black Panther Party; Harold Cruse (1916-2005), historian and proponent of Black Studies; Philip D. Curtin (b. 1922), historian; Robert Dahl (b. 1915), Yale political scientist; St. Clair Drake (1911-1990), sociologist, anthropologist and educator; Alex Dupuy, historian of Haiti; Drew Gilpin Faust (b. 1947), American historian; Robert W. Fogel (b. 1926), American historian; Vivian V. Gordon (1934-1995), sociologist; Martin Kilson, Jr., political scientist, Harvard University; James Armistead Lafayette (1760-1832), African-American slave and spy; Alan Lomax (1915-2002), folklorist and musicologist; Gerald A. McWorter, political scientist, Spelman College, and a founder of the Black Studies movement; Sidney W. Mintz (b. 1922), anthropologist; Boniface I. Obichere (1933-1997), historian; Donald Ogilvie (Yale student); Dorothy B. Porter [Dorothy Porter Wesley]; Alvin Poussaint (b. 1934), psychiatrist; Paul L. Puryear (1930-2010), dean of the Office of Afro-American Affairs, University of Virginia; John T. Schlotterbeck (b. 1948), historian; Henry Taylor, Jr. (b. 1928), educator and psychoanalyst; William Shockley (1910-1989), American physicist and eugenicist; F. (Frederick) Palmer Weber (1914-1986), labor and civil rights activist; Charles Harris Wesley (1891-1987), an African-American historian; Bell Irwin Wiley (1906-1980), American Civil War historian; Carter G. Woodson (1875-1950), \"the Father of Negro History,\" and George Carlton Wright, vice provost of the University of Texas at Austin.","The collection has been organized into six series: Corespondence, Academic Career, Topical Files, Research Materials, Writings and Publications, and Oversize materails."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Several folders of \"Research Materials: Civil War\" in Boxes 12-14 include photocopies of materials from various research and academic institutions; researchers should note that most do not permit the reproduction of their materials held by other institutions without their express written permission."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson, Armstead L., 1947-1995"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":71,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_595_c04_c04"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Rhodes to Robertson, 1920/1959","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03","parent_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 3. Individual Correspondence, boxes 73-85b, 1920/1959"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Rhodes to Robertson","title_ssm":["Rhodes to Robertson"],"title_tesim":["Rhodes to Robertson"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rhodes to Robertson, 1920/1959"],"text":["Rhodes to Robertson, 1920/1959","Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 3. Individual Correspondence, boxes 73-85b, 1920/1959","Box 81b"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 3. Individual Correspondence, boxes 73-85b, 1920/1959"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","Series 3. Individual Correspondence, boxes 73-85b, 1920/1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920/1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920s-1950s"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":107,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"containers_ssim":["Box 81b"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#16","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"text":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"creators_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c03_c17"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Road Funds, 1918/1920","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02","parent_ssim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","Series 2. Original Materials, 1784/1958"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Road Funds","title_ssm":["Road Funds"],"title_tesim":["Road Funds"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Road Funds, 1918/1920"],"text":["Road Funds, 1918/1920","Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","Series 2. Original Materials, 1784/1958","Box 68","No Microfilm Copy Available"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","Series 2. Original Materials, 1784/1958"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","Series 2. Original Materials, 1784/1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1920"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-1920"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":246,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953"],"containers_ssim":["Box 68"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["For materials in boxes 1, 14-16, 26-30, and 44, and items 6, 9, 17, 19, 66, 69, 72, 104, 156, and 176, researchers should use microfilm (boxes 1, 28, 30, and 44 are only partially microfilmed). Materials that have not been microfilmed are open for research.","The child hygiene records in boxes 46-48 are restricted until 2043, 100 years from the date of creation in 1936-1943, unless an individual grants permission to access their record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request.  Researchers collecting summary data may submit an Access Request Form."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo Microfilm Copy Available\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No Microfilm Copy Available"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#51","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:12.130Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3301.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197229","title_ssm":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"title_tesim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1830-1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1830-1953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1830/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953"],"text":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","A\u0026M 0789","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3301","Braxton County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W.Va.) -- archives","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Elections","Estate settlements.","Railroads","Taxation","County courts","Court calendars","Public health","Real property","Justice, Administration of","Public records","Probate records","Vital statistics","This collection has not been indexed. A rough, itemized list of the materials in box 76 and packages 1-3 include minimal information on the date, and type of record, but the list does not provide exact locations and may not be inclusive. This inventory, and another, are located in the control folder for this collection.","For materials in boxes 1, 14-16, 26-30, and 44, and items 6, 9, 17, 19, 66, 69, 72, 104, 156, and 176, researchers should use microfilm (boxes 1, 28, 30, and 44 are only partially microfilmed). Materials that have not been microfilmed are open for research.","The child hygiene records in boxes 46-48 are restricted until 2043, 100 years from the date of creation in 1936-1943, unless an individual grants permission to access their record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request.  Researchers collecting summary data may submit an Access Request Form.","The collection was loosely arranged into topical series for each accession, so that the first accession contained four series (court records, public records, county financial records, and county health records), and the second accession had seven series (court, tax statements, road funds, DPA [Department of Public Assistance?] records, blank forms, box 75, and county financial records). The materials remain loosely grouped in these topical categories.","Some of the materials are grouped together by case, and have a note about record type (deeds, marriage licenses, etc.), persons involved, or the year on the envelope, or on a paper attached to the records.","Only microfilm is stored onsite, all original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting.","This collection was originally two accessions, one in 1955 and one in 1956. The second accession was briefly A\u0026M 913. Processing efforts throughout the years have gradually merged the two together, but some elements of the original separation remain. Boxes 1-48 were part of the original accession, and boxes 49-76 (accessioned as 1-28) for the second. As part of the most recent reprocessing efforts in March 2026, boxes 67-76 were renumbered so that box numbering was sequential (they had been relabeled as boxes 78-87, and the skipped numbers were used for some of the wrapped packages). Assistance can be provided for researchers needing to match old box numbers to new box numbers.","A\u0026M 2434, West Virginia Midland Railroad Company Records","A\u0026M 3352, Gerald M. Dunn, Reminiscences of Braxton County","A\u0026M 3833, Lawrence A. Lang, Collector, West Virginia Land Records","A\u0026M 0866, Sue Proctor Miller, Collector, Papers","Includes microfilm of marriage bonds for Braxton County, 1836-1853","County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare.","This collection consists of two series: microfilm, and original materials: Series 1-Microfilm, and Series 2- Original Materials","This collection is minimally processed; materials are stored mostly as they arrived: in their original envelopes, or loose in boxes, and so that records produced for the same reason are generally together. Records have not been chronologized or alphabetized, and there is no indexing for the collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953"],"collection_ssim":["Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0789","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3301"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0789","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3301"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Braxton County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"geogname_ssim":["Braxton County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"places_ssim":["Braxton County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"creator_ssm":["Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"creator_ssim":["Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of J. S. Perrine, President of Braxton County Court of Sutton, W.Va., 1955 September 24.","Second Accession: Gift of William W. Jack of the Braxton County Court, 1956 October 29."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Birth, marriage, and death records.","Elections","Estate settlements.","Railroads","Taxation","County courts","Court calendars","Public health","Real property","Justice, Administration of","Public records","Probate records","Vital statistics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Birth, marriage, and death records.","Elections","Estate settlements.","Railroads","Taxation","County courts","Court calendars","Public health","Real property","Justice, Administration of","Public records","Probate records","Vital statistics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["61.42 Linear Feet Summary: 61 ft. 5 in. (74 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 record cartons, 15 in. each); (10 wrapped packages, 26.25 in.); (157 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["61.42 Linear Feet Summary: 61 ft. 5 in. (74 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 record cartons, 15 in. each); (10 wrapped packages, 26.25 in.); (157 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"indexes_html_tesm":["\u003cindex id=\"aspace_cea3b38d83aafab0e74bdfb1e9b2c77e\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis collection has not been indexed. A rough, itemized list of the materials in box 76 and packages 1-3 include minimal information on the date, and type of record, but the list does not provide exact locations and may not be inclusive. This inventory, and another, are located in the control folder for this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/index\u003e\n  "],"indexes_tesim":["This collection has not been indexed. A rough, itemized list of the materials in box 76 and packages 1-3 include minimal information on the date, and type of record, but the list does not provide exact locations and may not be inclusive. This inventory, and another, are located in the control folder for this collection."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor materials in boxes 1, 14-16, 26-30, and 44, and items 6, 9, 17, 19, 66, 69, 72, 104, 156, and 176, researchers should use microfilm (boxes 1, 28, 30, and 44 are only partially microfilmed). Materials that have not been microfilmed are open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe child hygiene records in boxes 46-48 are restricted until 2043, 100 years from the date of creation in 1936-1943, unless an individual grants permission to access their record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request.  Researchers collecting summary data may submit an \u003ca href=\"https://wvu.libwizard.com/id/16c4c4750a7ec55c850fdcbbf951f60e\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccess Request Form\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["For materials in boxes 1, 14-16, 26-30, and 44, and items 6, 9, 17, 19, 66, 69, 72, 104, 156, and 176, researchers should use microfilm (boxes 1, 28, 30, and 44 are only partially microfilmed). Materials that have not been microfilmed are open for research.","The child hygiene records in boxes 46-48 are restricted until 2043, 100 years from the date of creation in 1936-1943, unless an individual grants permission to access their record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request.  Researchers collecting summary data may submit an Access Request Form."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was loosely arranged into topical series for each accession, so that the first accession contained four series (court records, public records, county financial records, and county health records), and the second accession had seven series (court, tax statements, road funds, DPA [Department of Public Assistance?] records, blank forms, box 75, and county financial records). The materials remain loosely grouped in these topical categories. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the materials are grouped together by case, and have a note about record type (deeds, marriage licenses, etc.), persons involved, or the year on the envelope, or on a paper attached to the records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection was loosely arranged into topical series for each accession, so that the first accession contained four series (court records, public records, county financial records, and county health records), and the second accession had seven series (court, tax statements, road funds, DPA [Department of Public Assistance?] records, blank forms, box 75, and county financial records). The materials remain loosely grouped in these topical categories.","Some of the materials are grouped together by case, and have a note about record type (deeds, marriage licenses, etc.), persons involved, or the year on the envelope, or on a paper attached to the records."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly microfilm is stored onsite, all original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Only microfilm is stored onsite, all original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0789, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026M 0789, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally two accessions, one in 1955 and one in 1956. The second accession was briefly A\u0026amp;M 913. Processing efforts throughout the years have gradually merged the two together, but some elements of the original separation remain. Boxes 1-48 were part of the original accession, and boxes 49-76 (accessioned as 1-28) for the second. As part of the most recent reprocessing efforts in March 2026, boxes 67-76 were renumbered so that box numbering was sequential (they had been relabeled as boxes 78-87, and the skipped numbers were used for some of the wrapped packages). Assistance can be provided for researchers needing to match old box numbers to new box numbers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally two accessions, one in 1955 and one in 1956. The second accession was briefly A\u0026M 913. Processing efforts throughout the years have gradually merged the two together, but some elements of the original separation remain. Boxes 1-48 were part of the original accession, and boxes 49-76 (accessioned as 1-28) for the second. As part of the most recent reprocessing efforts in March 2026, boxes 67-76 were renumbered so that box numbering was sequential (they had been relabeled as boxes 78-87, and the skipped numbers were used for some of the wrapped packages). Assistance can be provided for researchers needing to match old box numbers to new box numbers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 2434, West Virginia Midland Railroad Company Records \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 3352, Gerald M. Dunn, Reminiscences of Braxton County \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 3833, Lawrence A. Lang, Collector, West Virginia Land Records \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0866, Sue Proctor Miller, Collector, Papers \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIncludes microfilm of marriage bonds for Braxton County, 1836-1853\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A\u0026M 2434, West Virginia Midland Railroad Company Records","A\u0026M 3352, Gerald M. Dunn, Reminiscences of Braxton County","A\u0026M 3833, Lawrence A. Lang, Collector, West Virginia Land Records","A\u0026M 0866, Sue Proctor Miller, Collector, Papers","Includes microfilm of marriage bonds for Braxton County, 1836-1853"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two series: microfilm, and original materials: Series 1-Microfilm, and Series 2- Original Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is minimally processed; materials are stored mostly as they arrived: in their original envelopes, or loose in boxes, and so that records produced for the same reason are generally together. Records have not been chronologized or alphabetized, and there is no indexing for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare.","This collection consists of two series: microfilm, and original materials: Series 1-Microfilm, and Series 2- Original Materials","This collection is minimally processed; materials are stored mostly as they arrived: in their original envelopes, or loose in boxes, and so that records produced for the same reason are generally together. Records have not been chronologized or alphabetized, and there is no indexing for the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6f83f1121c045126151fc67935f28170\"\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers; records of county officers; estate settlements; birth, marriage and death records; and land and tax records. There are also election records; deeds and deed indexes; and records of the administration of public health and welfare."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f73d165d6907ac411c31ebb094aac266\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Braxton County Court","West Virginia. Department of Health"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":278,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:12.130Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3301_c02_c52"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":75},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":38},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","value":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","hits":526},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alan Clarke Railroad Research Papers, 1861/2012","value":"Alan Clarke Railroad Research Papers, 1861/2012","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alan+Clarke+Railroad+Research+Papers%2C+1861%2F2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert Blakeslee White (1856-1941) Papers, 1888/1929","value":"Albert Blakeslee White (1856-1941) Papers, 1888/1929","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Albert+Blakeslee+White+%281856-1941%29+Papers%2C+1888%2F1929\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alston Gordon Dayton Papers, 1846/1939","value":"Alston Gordon Dayton Papers, 1846/1939","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alston+Gordon+Dayton+Papers%2C+1846%2F1939\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Armstead L. 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Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","value":"Braxton County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1830/1953","hits":31},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Braxton+County+%28W.+Va.%29+Court+Records+and+Miscellaneous+Papers%2C+1830%2F1953\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Charles H. Ambler (1876-1957) Papers, 1913/1957","value":"Charles H. 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