{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026page=2291","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026page=2290","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026page=2292","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026page=2305"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2291,"next_page":2292,"prev_page":2290,"total_pages":2305,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":22900,"total_count":23047,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W.R. Cunningham estate","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files"],"text":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files","W.R. Cunningham estate","box 16","folder 1-4"],"title_filing_ssi":"W.R. Cunningham estate","title_ssm":["W.R. Cunningham estate"],"title_tesim":["W.R. Cunningham estate"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1922"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/1922"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.R. Cunningham estate"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"extent_ssm":["4 folder(s)"],"extent_tesim":["4 folder(s)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":130,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922],"containers_ssim":["box 16","folder 1-4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#127","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:23:27.213Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_617.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/534","title_filing_ssi":"Strode, Aubrey E., papers","title_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"title_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"text":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617","Aubrey E. Strode papers","women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County","Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. Judge Advocate General","State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded -- Virginia","Democratic party -- Virginia","social problems","Thornhill Wagon Company","Tobacco Growers Co-operative Association","Kenmore High School--Amherst County (Va.)","lawyers","The Strode papers are arranged in seven series. Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.","The legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from  Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).","Family correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year.","Aubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. ","Upon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker.  Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.","Strode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.","Perhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.","He argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.","Strode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.","Biographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.","Aubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.","Aubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.","Children of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.","\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death.","This folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point.","See also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case.","Aubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. ","It also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. ","There are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.","Other topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. ","This series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.","This subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.","The folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.","This subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.","Documents include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.","Includes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).","The correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.","Includes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).","Includes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.","Many of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.","Includes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.","This folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on  sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).","Includes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.","B. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia.","This collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Hubbard family","Strode family","Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"collection_ssim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"geogname_ssim":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"creator_ssm":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creator_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creators_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"places_ssim":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Aubrey E. Strode papers were originally were placed on loan to the University of Virginia library by his wife, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith, on September 20, 1948, but were made a gift on June 15, 1971. Other smaller accessions were given to the Library to the original group of papers as gifts on January 25, 1961,June 14, 1971, and July 13, 1971."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. Judge Advocate General","State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded -- Virginia","Democratic party -- Virginia","social problems","Thornhill Wagon Company","Tobacco Growers Co-operative Association","Kenmore High School--Amherst County (Va.)","lawyers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. Judge Advocate General","State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded -- Virginia","Democratic party -- Virginia","social problems","Thornhill Wagon Company","Tobacco Growers Co-operative Association","Kenmore High School--Amherst County (Va.)","lawyers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["88 Cubic Feet 174 document boxes, 2 large oversize folders, and 2 small oversize folders, and 8 folio ledgers"],"extent_tesim":["88 Cubic Feet 174 document boxes, 2 large oversize folders, and 2 small oversize folders, and 8 folio ledgers"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Strode papers are arranged in seven series. Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from  Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Strode papers are arranged in seven series. Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.","The legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from  Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).","Family correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker.  Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBiographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChildren of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biography","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Aubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. ","Upon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker.  Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.","Strode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.","Perhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.","He argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.","Strode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.","Biographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.","Aubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.","Aubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.","Children of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.","\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMAA 3014, Aubrey E. Strode papers, Albert and Shirely Small Special Collections, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MAA 3014, Aubrey E. Strode papers, Albert and Shirely Small Special Collections, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on  sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eB. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. ","It also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. ","There are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.","Other topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. ","This series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.","This subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.","The folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.","This subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.","Documents include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.","Includes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).","The correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.","Includes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).","Includes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.","Many of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.","Includes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.","This folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on  sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).","Includes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.","B. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Hubbard family","Strode family","Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hubbard family","Strode family","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"famname_ssim":["Hubbard family","Strode family"],"persname_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":889,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:23:27.213Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c128"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W (Receipts)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"text":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers","W (Receipts)","Box 9","Folder 16"],"title_filing_ssi":"W (Receipts)","title_ssm":["W (Receipts)"],"title_tesim":["W (Receipts)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1915-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W (Receipts)"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":201,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"containers_ssim":["Box 9","Folder 16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#200","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:27:22.959Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_606.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195125","title_ssm":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1915-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1915-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2542","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/606"],"text":["A\u0026M 2542","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/606","Samuel Davis Stokes Papers","Mingo County (W. Va.)","Williamson (W. Va.)","Williamson (W. Va.)","Account books","Coal Legal Cases - Mingo County.","Coal mining.","Farms and farming.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","No special access restriction applies.","Business and financial papers, correspondence and legal files of S.D. Stokes, a Williamson, West Virginia, attorney. The material consists of bills, accounts and receipts; business papers (ca. 1921-1925), reflecting Stokes' interest in farming and his law office files (1915-1925), arranged alphabetically by client's name. Subjects include Mingo County and coal-related court cases.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Stokes, Samuel Davis, 1872-1969","Felts, T.L.","Hatfield, Sid.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2542","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/606"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Davis Stokes Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Mingo County (W. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Coal Legal Cases - Mingo County.","Coal mining.","Farms and farming.","Lawyers - letters and papers."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Coal Legal Cases - Mingo County.","Coal mining.","Farms and farming.","Lawyers - letters and papers."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.6 Linear Feet Summary: 4 ft. 7 in. (11 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["4.6 Linear Feet Summary: 4 ft. 7 in. (11 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Samuel Davis Stokes Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2542, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Samuel Davis Stokes Papers, A\u0026M 2542, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBusiness and financial papers, correspondence and legal files of S.D. Stokes, a Williamson, West Virginia, attorney. The material consists of bills, accounts and receipts; business papers (ca. 1921-1925), reflecting Stokes' interest in farming and his law office files (1915-1925), arranged alphabetically by client's name. Subjects include Mingo County and coal-related court cases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Business and financial papers, correspondence and legal files of S.D. Stokes, a Williamson, West Virginia, attorney. The material consists of bills, accounts and receipts; business papers (ca. 1921-1925), reflecting Stokes' interest in farming and his law office files (1915-1925), arranged alphabetically by client's name. Subjects include Mingo County and coal-related court cases."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b49bdc0ae17136aea519e49b2e10098a\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Stokes, Samuel Davis, 1872-1969","Felts, T.L.","Hatfield, Sid."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Felts, T.L.","Hatfield, Sid.","Stokes, Samuel Davis, 1872-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Stokes, Samuel Davis, 1872-1969","Felts, T.L.","Hatfield, Sid."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":230,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:27:22.959Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_606_c201"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wren, Helen Rolph","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection","Files of Early Women Architects and A Few Male Architects Who Supported Them"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection","Files of Early Women Architects and A Few Male Architects Who Supported Them"],"text":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection","Files of Early Women Architects and A Few Male Architects Who Supported Them","Wren, Helen Rolph","English .","box 5","folder 50"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wren, Helen Rolph","title_ssm":["Wren, Helen Rolph"],"title_tesim":["Wren, Helen Rolph"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1892/1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wren, Helen Rolph"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":134,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 5","folder 50"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#125","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:54.402Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1798.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Horton, Inge, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.065"],"text":["Ms.1990.065","Inge Horton Architectural Collection","History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Born in Germany, Inge S. Horton was educated in architecture and city planning. She graduated with a Diplom-Ingenieur from the Technological University of Berlin, Germany, 1965, and with a Master of City and Regional Planning from University of California, Berkeley, 1979. She has work experience in private, institutional and municipal planning departments. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998.","She has held leadership positions in both the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals (OWA) and the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Her publications include several articles and two books in collaboration with Monica Hennig-Schefold on \"Early Modern Architecture in Berlin\" (1967) and \"Structure and Decoration: Art Nouveau Architecture in Paris and Brussels\" (1971). Horton also published a book on \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010).","The guide to the Inge Horton Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Inge Horton Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in September 2010. Additional files were processed in March 2016.","The Inge Horton Architectural Collection consists of architectural studies written by Horton while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA); a Historic Structure Report for Julia Morgan building; copies of her books; a curriculum vitae; and files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area for her book \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010).","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Inge Horton was born in Germany. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998; member of the Board of Advisors for the International Archive of Women in Architecture. Her papers consist of architectural studies written while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects; a curriculum vitae; and research files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horton, Inge S.","The materials in the collection are in English and German."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.065"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Inge Horton Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Horton, Inge S."],"creator_ssim":["Horton, Inge S."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Horton, Inge S."],"creators_ssim":["Horton, Inge S."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Inge Horton Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1990."],"access_subjects_ssim":["History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.3 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.3 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Germany, Inge S. Horton was educated in architecture and city planning. She graduated with a Diplom-Ingenieur from the Technological University of Berlin, Germany, 1965, and with a Master of City and Regional Planning from University of California, Berkeley, 1979. She has work experience in private, institutional and municipal planning departments. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe has held leadership positions in both the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals (OWA) and the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer publications include several articles and two books in collaboration with Monica Hennig-Schefold on \"Early Modern Architecture in Berlin\" (1967) and \"Structure and Decoration: Art Nouveau Architecture in Paris and Brussels\" (1971). Horton also published a book on \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Germany, Inge S. Horton was educated in architecture and city planning. She graduated with a Diplom-Ingenieur from the Technological University of Berlin, Germany, 1965, and with a Master of City and Regional Planning from University of California, Berkeley, 1979. She has work experience in private, institutional and municipal planning departments. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998.","She has held leadership positions in both the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals (OWA) and the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA).","Her publications include several articles and two books in collaboration with Monica Hennig-Schefold on \"Early Modern Architecture in Berlin\" (1967) and \"Structure and Decoration: Art Nouveau Architecture in Paris and Brussels\" (1971). Horton also published a book on \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Inge Horton Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description "],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Inge Horton Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Inge Horton Architectural Collection, 1964-1999, Ms1990-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Inge Horton Architectural Collection, 1964-1999, Ms1990-065, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Inge Horton Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in September 2010. Additional files were processed in March 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Inge Horton Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in September 2010. Additional files were processed in March 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Inge Horton Architectural Collection consists of architectural studies written by Horton while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA); a Historic Structure Report for Julia Morgan building; copies of her books; a curriculum vitae; and files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area for her book \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Inge Horton Architectural Collection consists of architectural studies written by Horton while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA); a Historic Structure Report for Julia Morgan building; copies of her books; a curriculum vitae; and files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area for her book \"Early Women Architects of the San Francisco Bay Area: The Lives and Work of Fifty Professionals, 1890-1951\" (2010)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_efeedd0489853594ec017840c3f0497f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eInge Horton was born in Germany. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998; member of the Board of Advisors for the International Archive of Women in Architecture. Her papers consist of architectural studies written while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects; a curriculum vitae; and research files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Inge Horton was born in Germany. She was a planner with the Planning Department of the City and County of San Francisco, California, from 1983 to 1998; member of the Board of Advisors for the International Archive of Women in Architecture. Her papers consist of architectural studies written while in Germany; presentations made at various women's architectural organization meetings, including the International Union of Women Architects; a curriculum vitae; and research files on early women architects in the San Francisco Bay Area."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Horton, Inge S."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Horton, Inge S."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English and German."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":320,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:54.402Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1798_c08_c126"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, Arthur D.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records","Acc. 1982.045","Box 36"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records","Acc. 1982.045","Box 36"],"text":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records","Acc. 1982.045","Box 36","Wright, Arthur D.","Box 36","Folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Arthur D.","title_ssm":["Wright, Arthur D."],"title_tesim":["Wright, Arthur D."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1919 - 1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, Arthur D."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":997,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1919,1920],"containers_ssim":["Box 36","Folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#35/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:10:16.357Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1520.xml","title_filing_ssi":"President, Office of the, Chandler, Julian Alvin Carroll, Records","title_ssm":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"title_tesim":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1919-1934"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1919-1934"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00/02/UA 2.08","/repositories/2/resources/1520"],"text":["00/02/UA 2.08","/repositories/2/resources/1520","Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records","Associated and Branch Campuses--Richmond Professional Institute","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Correspondence","Microfilms","Reports","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Microfilm of this collection is available in Swem Library: LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46.","Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler, the 18th president of William \u0026 Mary, served from 1919 until his death on May 31, 1934. Chandler is credited with transforming this institution from a small, struggling liberal arts college for men into a modern coeducational institution of higher learning.","Chandler was born in Caroline County, Virginia October 29, 1872. This strong, vibrant president earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees from the William and Mary in the early 1890s. He then earned his doctorate in history at Johns Hopkins University in the mid 1890s. After an early teaching career at both Richmond's Woman's College and Richmond College, he served for a decade as superintendent of the Richmond public schools, overhauling and expanding that school system on the progressive model before returning to his alma mater. Chandler also worked for the Silver Burdett school textbook company in New York City. ","Microfilm must be used in place of original documents. The paper originals of this collection are stored offsite. Consult a staff member for assistance.","J.A.C. Chandler's personal papers (UA 2.09); Office of the President, John Edwin Pomfret Records (UA 2.11)",". The collection has been microfilmed and is accessible via Swem's microfilm collection whenever the library is open."," This collection documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J.A.C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The collection is available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46. Acc. 2010.609 was pulled from this collection and may not be available in microfilm form. For the most part, headings assigned to folders in their office of origin have been maintained in the box list inventories available here.","This series documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J. A. C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The contents are available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46.","This series contains a list of contractors with their bids to construct Taliaferro Hall at the College of William and Mary. Included in the list are the base bids for each contractor but also various floor, wall, and electrical options for the building. Charles M. Robinson was the architect for the project. It is in poor condition with several tears at the top of the page. It is approximately 13\" x 17\".","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Office of the President","Phi Beta Kappa. Virginia Alpha (College of William and Mary)","Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","English"],"unitid_tesim":["00/02/UA 2.08","/repositories/2/resources/1520"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"collection_ssim":["Office of the President. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler Records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Office of the President"],"creator_ssim":["Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Office of the President"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Office of the President"],"creators_ssim":["Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Office of the President"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Microfilm purchased from the Virginia State Archives 01/05/94."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Associated and Branch Campuses--Richmond Professional Institute","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Correspondence","Microfilms","Reports"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Associated and Branch Campuses--Richmond Professional Institute","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Correspondence","Microfilms","Reports"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["38.05 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["38.05 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Microfilms","Reports"],"date_range_isim":[1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm of this collection is available in Swem Library: LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Electronic Format:"],"altformavail_tesim":["Microfilm of this collection is available in Swem Library: LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJulian Alvin Carroll Chandler, the 18th president of William \u0026amp; Mary, served from 1919 until his death on May 31, 1934. Chandler is credited with transforming this institution from a small, struggling liberal arts college for men into a modern coeducational institution of higher learning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChandler was born in Caroline County, Virginia October 29, 1872. This strong, vibrant president earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees from the William and Mary in the early 1890s. He then earned his doctorate in history at Johns Hopkins University in the mid 1890s. After an early teaching career at both Richmond's Woman's College and Richmond College, he served for a decade as superintendent of the Richmond public schools, overhauling and expanding that school system on the progressive model before returning to his alma mater. Chandler also worked for the Silver Burdett school textbook company in New York City. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler, the 18th president of William \u0026 Mary, served from 1919 until his death on May 31, 1934. Chandler is credited with transforming this institution from a small, struggling liberal arts college for men into a modern coeducational institution of higher learning.","Chandler was born in Caroline County, Virginia October 29, 1872. This strong, vibrant president earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees from the William and Mary in the early 1890s. He then earned his doctorate in history at Johns Hopkins University in the mid 1890s. After an early teaching career at both Richmond's Woman's College and Richmond College, he served for a decade as superintendent of the Richmond public schools, overhauling and expanding that school system on the progressive model before returning to his alma mater. Chandler also worked for the Silver Burdett school textbook company in New York City. "],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm must be used in place of original documents. The paper originals of this collection are stored offsite. Consult a staff member for assistance.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["Microfilm must be used in place of original documents. The paper originals of this collection are stored offsite. Consult a staff member for assistance."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffice of the President, J. A. C. Chandler Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Office of the President, J. A. C. Chandler Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ.A.C. Chandler's personal papers (UA 2.09); Office of the President, John Edwin Pomfret Records (UA 2.11)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J.A.C. Chandler's personal papers (UA 2.09); Office of the President, John Edwin Pomfret Records (UA 2.11)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e. The collection has been microfilmed and is accessible via Swem's microfilm collection whenever the library is open.\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e This collection documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J.A.C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The collection is available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46. Acc. 2010.609 was pulled from this collection and may not be available in microfilm form. For the most part, headings assigned to folders in their office of origin have been maintained in the box list inventories available here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J. A. C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The contents are available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a list of contractors with their bids to construct Taliaferro Hall at the College of William and Mary. Included in the list are the base bids for each contractor but also various floor, wall, and electrical options for the building. Charles M. Robinson was the architect for the project. It is in poor condition with several tears at the top of the page. It is approximately 13\" x 17\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":[". The collection has been microfilmed and is accessible via Swem's microfilm collection whenever the library is open."," This collection documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J.A.C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The collection is available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46. Acc. 2010.609 was pulled from this collection and may not be available in microfilm form. For the most part, headings assigned to folders in their office of origin have been maintained in the box list inventories available here.","This series documents the administration of College of William and Mary President J. A. C. Chandler for the years 1919-1934. The contents are available on microfilm in the library microforms collection on the ground floor of Swem Library. See call number LD6051 .W517 1919 C43, reels 1-46.","This series contains a list of contractors with their bids to construct Taliaferro Hall at the College of William and Mary. Included in the list are the base bids for each contractor but also various floor, wall, and electrical options for the building. Charles M. Robinson was the architect for the project. It is in poor condition with several tears at the top of the page. It is approximately 13\" x 17\"."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Office of the President","Phi Beta Kappa. Virginia Alpha (College of William and Mary)","Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Office of the President","Phi Beta Kappa. Virginia Alpha (College of William and Mary)","Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Office of the President","Phi Beta Kappa. Virginia Alpha (College of William and Mary)"],"persname_ssim":["Chandler, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll), 1872-1934","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1047,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:10:16.357Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1520_c01_c36_c09"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Writers' Program in West Virginia Records","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Federal Writers' Project","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePapers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2760.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196806","title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1850-1942","ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1850-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760"],"text":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760","Writers' Program in West Virginia Records","West Virginia","African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","No special access restriction applies.","The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.","archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","183, 454, 527","Papers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.","The Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.","There are six series in the collection:","Series 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86 \nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89 \nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91 \nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93 \nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103 \nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.","Published material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.","Unpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.","Although most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.","Items of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.","The West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026M 183):","1. Barbour, boxes 1-4 \n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5 \n3. Boone, box 5 \n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7 \n5. Brooke, box 7 \n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10 \n7. Calhoun, box 10 \n8. Clay, box 10 \n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14 \n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16 \n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20 \n12. Grant, box 20 \n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22 \n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23 \n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026M 183) \n16. Hancock, box 24 \n17. Harrison, box 24 \n18. Jackson, box 25 \n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27 \n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29 \n21. Lewis, box 29 \n22. Lincoln, box 29 \n23. Logan, box 30 \n24. Marion, box 30 \n25. Marshall, box 31 \n26. Mason, boxes 31-36 \n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42 \nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026M 183) \n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45 \n29. Monongalia, box 46 \n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53 \n31. McDowell, box 54 \n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57 \n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58 \n34. Pendleton, box 59 \n35. Pleasants, box 59 \n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64 \n37. Preston, box 65 \n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67 \n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70 \n40. Randolph, box 71 \n41. Ritchie, box 71 \n42. Roane, box 71 \n43. Summers, boxes 72-75 \n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77 \n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80 \n46. Tyler, box 80 \n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81 \n48. Wayne, box 81 \n49. Webster, boxes 81-83 \n50. Wetzel, box 83 \n51. Wirt, box 83 \n52. Wood, boxes 84-86 \n53. Wyoming, box 86","Each county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:","1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.","2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.","3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.","4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.","5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.","6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).","7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.","8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.","9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.","10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.","11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.","12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.","13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.","14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.","15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.","16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.","17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.","18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.","Notable items in the County Series include:","information regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);","a narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);","research regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);","a transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);","several photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);","photographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);","several copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);","and information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).","Includes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.","General Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.","Notable items in the General Material Series include:","a transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);","several transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);","three original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).","This series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.","Notable items in the Folklore Series include:","remedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);","lockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);","a narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).","This series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.","There are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:","1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);","2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);","3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);","4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).","There are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).","Other notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:","a transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);","an original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);","a narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);","original and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).","The Fact Book series contains:","1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103","The materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.","1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.","Notable items in Fact Book--General include:","typescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);","a typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).","2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.","Notable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:","several transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);","transcripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";","newspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);","article entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);","transcripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);","interviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);","transcript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).","Includes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","Additional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.","Notable items in the Writers' Project series include:","information pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);","historical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);","transcripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);","transcripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);","transcript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).","Includes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"collection_ssim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creator_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creators_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"places_ssim":["West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. (109 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. (109 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003earchives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Legacy Formats"],"odd_tesim":["archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026amp;M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e183, 454, 527\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["183, 454, 527"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are six series in the collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItems of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026amp;M 183):\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Barbour, boxes 1-4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Boone, box 5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n5. Brooke, box 7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n7. Calhoun, box 10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n8. Clay, box 10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n12. Grant, box 20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026amp;M 183)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n16. Hancock, box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n17. Harrison, box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n18. Jackson, box 25\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n21. Lewis, box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n22. Lincoln, box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n23. Logan, box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n24. Marion, box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n25. Marshall, box 31\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n26. Mason, boxes 31-36\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026amp;M 183)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n29. Monongalia, box 46\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n31. McDowell, box 54\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n34. Pendleton, box 59\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n35. Pleasants, box 59\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n37. Preston, box 65\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n40. Randolph, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n41. Ritchie, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n42. Roane, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n43. Summers, boxes 72-75\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n46. Tyler, box 80\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n48. Wayne, box 81\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n49. Webster, boxes 81-83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n50. Wetzel, box 83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n51. Wirt, box 83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n52. Wood, boxes 84-86\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n53. Wyoming, box 86\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEach county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the County Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einformation regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eresearch regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ephotographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the General Material Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethree original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the Folklore Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eremedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eomens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eomens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ean original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eoriginal and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Fact Book series contains:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in Fact Book--General include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etypescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003enewspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003earticle entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einterviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026amp;M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the Writers' Project series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einformation pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehistorical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.","The Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.","There are six series in the collection:","Series 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86 \nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89 \nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91 \nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93 \nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103 \nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.","Published material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.","Unpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.","Although most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.","Items of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.","The West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026M 183):","1. Barbour, boxes 1-4 \n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5 \n3. Boone, box 5 \n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7 \n5. Brooke, box 7 \n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10 \n7. Calhoun, box 10 \n8. Clay, box 10 \n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14 \n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16 \n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20 \n12. Grant, box 20 \n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22 \n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23 \n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026M 183) \n16. Hancock, box 24 \n17. Harrison, box 24 \n18. Jackson, box 25 \n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27 \n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29 \n21. Lewis, box 29 \n22. Lincoln, box 29 \n23. Logan, box 30 \n24. Marion, box 30 \n25. Marshall, box 31 \n26. Mason, boxes 31-36 \n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42 \nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026M 183) \n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45 \n29. Monongalia, box 46 \n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53 \n31. McDowell, box 54 \n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57 \n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58 \n34. Pendleton, box 59 \n35. Pleasants, box 59 \n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64 \n37. Preston, box 65 \n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67 \n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70 \n40. Randolph, box 71 \n41. Ritchie, box 71 \n42. Roane, box 71 \n43. Summers, boxes 72-75 \n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77 \n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80 \n46. Tyler, box 80 \n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81 \n48. Wayne, box 81 \n49. Webster, boxes 81-83 \n50. Wetzel, box 83 \n51. Wirt, box 83 \n52. Wood, boxes 84-86 \n53. Wyoming, box 86","Each county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:","1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.","2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.","3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.","4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.","5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.","6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).","7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.","8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.","9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.","10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.","11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.","12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.","13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.","14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.","15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.","16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.","17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.","18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.","Notable items in the County Series include:","information regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);","a narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);","research regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);","a transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);","several photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);","photographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);","several copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);","and information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).","Includes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.","General Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.","Notable items in the General Material Series include:","a transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);","several transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);","three original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).","This series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.","Notable items in the Folklore Series include:","remedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);","lockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);","a narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).","This series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.","There are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:","1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);","2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);","3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);","4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).","There are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).","Other notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:","a transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);","an original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);","a narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);","original and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).","The Fact Book series contains:","1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103","The materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.","1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.","Notable items in Fact Book--General include:","typescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);","a typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).","2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.","Notable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:","several transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);","transcripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";","newspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);","article entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);","transcripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);","interviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);","transcript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).","Includes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","Additional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.","Notable items in the Writers' Project series include:","information pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);","historical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);","transcripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);","transcripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);","transcript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).","Includes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7db7750c7837e29de89890c5fd27d017\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1214,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:39:45.499Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2760.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196806","title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1850-1942","ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1850-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760"],"text":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760","Writers' Program in West Virginia Records","West Virginia","African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","No special access restriction applies.","The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.","archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","183, 454, 527","Papers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.","The Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.","There are six series in the collection:","Series 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86 \nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89 \nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91 \nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93 \nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103 \nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.","Published material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.","Unpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.","Although most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.","Items of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.","The West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026M 183):","1. Barbour, boxes 1-4 \n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5 \n3. Boone, box 5 \n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7 \n5. Brooke, box 7 \n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10 \n7. Calhoun, box 10 \n8. Clay, box 10 \n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14 \n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16 \n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20 \n12. Grant, box 20 \n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22 \n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23 \n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026M 183) \n16. Hancock, box 24 \n17. Harrison, box 24 \n18. Jackson, box 25 \n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27 \n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29 \n21. Lewis, box 29 \n22. Lincoln, box 29 \n23. Logan, box 30 \n24. Marion, box 30 \n25. Marshall, box 31 \n26. Mason, boxes 31-36 \n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42 \nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026M 183) \n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45 \n29. Monongalia, box 46 \n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53 \n31. McDowell, box 54 \n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57 \n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58 \n34. Pendleton, box 59 \n35. Pleasants, box 59 \n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64 \n37. Preston, box 65 \n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67 \n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70 \n40. Randolph, box 71 \n41. Ritchie, box 71 \n42. Roane, box 71 \n43. Summers, boxes 72-75 \n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77 \n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80 \n46. Tyler, box 80 \n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81 \n48. Wayne, box 81 \n49. Webster, boxes 81-83 \n50. Wetzel, box 83 \n51. Wirt, box 83 \n52. Wood, boxes 84-86 \n53. Wyoming, box 86","Each county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:","1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.","2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.","3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.","4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.","5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.","6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).","7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.","8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.","9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.","10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.","11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.","12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.","13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.","14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.","15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.","16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.","17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.","18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.","Notable items in the County Series include:","information regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);","a narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);","research regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);","a transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);","several photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);","photographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);","several copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);","and information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).","Includes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.","General Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.","Notable items in the General Material Series include:","a transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);","several transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);","three original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).","This series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.","Notable items in the Folklore Series include:","remedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);","lockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);","a narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).","This series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.","There are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:","1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);","2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);","3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);","4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).","There are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).","Other notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:","a transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);","an original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);","a narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);","original and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).","The Fact Book series contains:","1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103","The materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.","1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.","Notable items in Fact Book--General include:","typescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);","a typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).","2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.","Notable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:","several transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);","transcripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";","newspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);","article entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);","transcripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);","interviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);","transcript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).","Includes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","Additional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.","Notable items in the Writers' Project series include:","information pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);","historical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);","transcripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);","transcripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);","transcript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).","Includes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2760"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"collection_ssim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creator_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"creators_ssim":["Federal Writers' Project"],"places_ssim":["West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. (109 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. (109 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003earchives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Legacy Formats"],"odd_tesim":["archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026amp;M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e183, 454, 527\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["183, 454, 527"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are six series in the collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItems of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026amp;M 183):\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Barbour, boxes 1-4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Boone, box 5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n5. Brooke, box 7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n7. Calhoun, box 10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n8. Clay, box 10\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n12. Grant, box 20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026amp;M 183)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n16. Hancock, box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n17. Harrison, box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n18. Jackson, box 25\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n21. Lewis, box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n22. Lincoln, box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n23. Logan, box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n24. Marion, box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n25. Marshall, box 31\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n26. Mason, boxes 31-36\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026amp;M 183)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n29. Monongalia, box 46\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n31. McDowell, box 54\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n34. Pendleton, box 59\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n35. Pleasants, box 59\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n37. Preston, box 65\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n40. Randolph, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n41. Ritchie, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n42. Roane, box 71\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n43. Summers, boxes 72-75\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n46. Tyler, box 80\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n48. Wayne, box 81\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n49. Webster, boxes 81-83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n50. Wetzel, box 83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n51. Wirt, box 83\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n52. Wood, boxes 84-86\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n53. Wyoming, box 86\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEach county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the County Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einformation regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eresearch regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ephotographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the General Material Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethree original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the Folklore Series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eremedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eomens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eomens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ean original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eoriginal and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Fact Book series contains:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in Fact Book--General include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etypescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eseveral transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003enewspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003earticle entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einterviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026amp;M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable items in the Writers' Project series include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003einformation pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehistorical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etranscript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.","The Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.","There are six series in the collection:","Series 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86 \nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89 \nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91 \nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93 \nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103 \nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.","Published material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.","Unpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.","Although most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.","Items of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.","The West Virginia County series includes records for 53 of the state's 55 counties, excluding Mineral and Morgan Counties (Mineral County records are in A\u0026M 183):","1. Barbour, boxes 1-4 \n2. Berkeley, boxes 4-5 \n3. Boone, box 5 \n4. Braxton, boxes 6-7 \n5. Brooke, box 7 \n6. Cabell, boxes 7-10 \n7. Calhoun, box 10 \n8. Clay, box 10 \n9. Doddridge, boxes 10-14 \n10. Fayette, boxes 14-16 \n11. Gilmer, boxes 16-20 \n12. Grant, box 20 \n13. Greenbrier, boxes 21-22 \n14. Hardy, boxes 22-23 \n15. Hampshire, box 23 (see also A\u0026M 183) \n16. Hancock, box 24 \n17. Harrison, box 24 \n18. Jackson, box 25 \n19. Jefferson, boxes 25-27 \n20. Kanawha, boxes 28-29 \n21. Lewis, box 29 \n22. Lincoln, box 29 \n23. Logan, box 30 \n24. Marion, box 30 \n25. Marshall, box 31 \n26. Mason, boxes 31-36 \n27. Mercer, boxes 37-42 \nxx. Mineral (in A\u0026M 183) \n28. Mingo, boxes 43-45 \n29. Monongalia, box 46 \n30. Monroe, boxes 47-53 \n31. McDowell, box 54 \n32. Nicholas, boxes 55-57 \n33. Ohio, boxes 57-58 \n34. Pendleton, box 59 \n35. Pleasants, box 59 \n36. Pocahontas, boxes 60-64 \n37. Preston, box 65 \n38. Putnam, boxes 65-67 \n39. Raleigh, boxes 68-70 \n40. Randolph, box 71 \n41. Ritchie, box 71 \n42. Roane, box 71 \n43. Summers, boxes 72-75 \n44. Taylor, boxes 76-77 \n45. Tucker, boxes 78-80 \n46. Tyler, box 80 \n47. Upshur, boxes 80-81 \n48. Wayne, box 81 \n49. Webster, boxes 81-83 \n50. Wetzel, box 83 \n51. Wirt, box 83 \n52. Wood, boxes 84-86 \n53. Wyoming, box 86","Each county in Series 1 contains records documenting some or all of the following 18 topics:","1. Natural Setting. Includes: photographs, clippings, recordings of personal observations, interviews, geological surveys, information from county government nurseries, and the West Virginia Blue book, describing the topography, wild life, terrain, and botanical characteristics of counties.","2. Points of Interest. Includes: narratives and research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, clippings, photographs, maps, and magazine articles regarding subjects deemed to have special significance in the counties such as historic houses, businesses, parks, public buildings, markers, forts, memorials, Native American burial mounds, and battlefields.","3. Places and Places Names. Includes: clippings, narratives, statistics, and histories regarding the naming of cities, towns, communities, and geographic features in the counties.","4. Early Life and Occupations. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, narratives, oral histories, photographs, and illustrations documenting the lives of the first white settlers. Most occupations focused on survival and involved farming, hunting, and fur trading. There are also several narratives recording the relationships between the settlers and the Native Americans.","5. The People. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, census records, and magazine articles among other materials, regarding the diversity and ancestry of past and present residents in the counties, including documentation of their races, nationalities, religions, and cultures.","6. History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, muster lists, poll records, oral histories, photographs, clippings, maps, and archeological information regarding the history of the counties, usually beginning with the \"aborigines\" or native inhabitants, the first European settlers, and the relationships between the two cultures, including conflicts; and establishment of county governments and commerce under colonial rule, and later as part of an independent nation. There is also information pertaining to local citizen involvement in battles and wars such as The French and Indian War (1755-1763), Dunmore's War (1774), The American Revolution (1775-1783), The War of 1812 (1812-1814), The Mexican-American War (1846-48), The Spanish -American War (1898), and The First World War (1917-1918).","7. Civil War History. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, muster rolls, causality lists, correspondence, interviews, personal memoirs, photographs, songs, and poems pertaining to the involvement of county residents, both Union and Confederate, in the \"War Between the States\", including accounts of battles, skirmishes, and related events, mostly in the West Virginia and Virginia region.","8. Biographical Sketches. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, clippings, narratives, and photographs regarding notable citizens of the counties.","9. Transportation and Communication. Includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers Program staff, photographs, surveys, maps, clippings, schedules, statistical charts, transcripts of court records, deeds, and contracts recording the history and development of transportation infrastructure, including roadways, bridges, railroads, waterways, and airfields in the counties, including the introduction of new modes of transportation. There is also information regarding the history and progress of communication technology such as the pony express mail delivery, the telegraph, telephones, radio, airmail delivery, and newspapers.","10. Commerce and Industry. Includes: photographs, clippings, ephemera, statistics, geological surveys, transcripts of mine reports, and biographies of entrepreneurs regarding the major industries of the counties such as mining, oil and natural gas drilling, and the processing and transportation of coal and timber. There are also histories of once successful enterprises, including grain and lumber mills, iron ore producers, glass factories, and potteries.","11. Cultural and Social Advances. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazines articles, correspondence, ephemera, and narratives regarding museums, literary activities and libraries, the arts and theater, medical and health resources, and benevolent organizations.","12. County Government. Includes: memoirs, historical narratives, and other material regarding the formation of the counties and their governments; the location of courthouses; the establishment of laws and statutes, law enforcement, and a judicial system; and New Deal infrastructure projects. There are also transcripts of census records, and of court records such as taxes, wills, deeds, and election results.","13. Education. Includes: research reports and narratives collected and prepared by Writers' Program staff, newspaper clippings, class schedules, school enrollments, records of Boards of Education, and photographs regarding the histories, curriculums, facilities, and faculties of county public (\"free\") grade schools, high schools, private and parochial schools, trade schools, colleges, and West Virginia University. In addition there is information pertaining to several \"Negro\" or segregated schools and colleges.","14. Religion. Includes: narratives, research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff; photographs; correspondence; ephemera; and transcripts of church, court, and cemetery records. The bulk of the information pertains to the history of individual Christian churches, regional circuit riders, local clergy, denominations, church buildings, and church schools. There is also material regarding the local African-American churches such as the A.M.E. (the African Methodist Episcopal) church.","15. Annual Events. Includes: newspaper clippings, magazine articles, narratives, calendars, photographs, and ephemera documenting yearly festivals, fairs, contests, parades, jubilees, concerts, and galas among other traditional celebrations in the counties.","16. Permanent Organizations. Includes: narratives, newspaper clippings, and directories documenting clubs, charity groups, councils, associations, societies, lodges and other assemblages such as county historical societies, 4-H clubs, Daughters of the American Revolution, Kiwanis, the Rotary Club, YMCA, YWCA, Boy Scouts, and the Red Cross.","17. Correspondence. Includes: letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and assignment sheets with notes and comments recording communications between Writers' Program supervisors, writers, public officials, and local citizens.","18. Folklore. Includes: transcripts of stories and interviews, newspaper and magazines articles, autograph and scrapbook verses, remedies, recipes, song lyrics, and square dance calls, among other materials. The information documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions, and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, omens, and superstitions.","Notable items in the County Series include:","information regarding Native American burial grounds and artifacts (located in Marshall County, box 31, folders 5 and 6);","a narrative explaining how the dispute over the location of the courthouse in Beverly was settled with a game of horseshoes (located in Randolph County, box 71, folder 3);","research regarding the history of transportation along the Ohio River and its tributaries, including the modes used by Native Americans and early European traders, and Ohio River lock schedules and shipping records for 1926-1936 (located in Mason County, box 33, folders 5 and 8);","a transcript of a 1776 \"Petition of the Dissenters of the Tuscarora Congregation in Berkeley County\" addressed to the \"House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Virginia\" regarding the recent \"deliverance from British oppression\" and a request to suspend the Ecclesiastic Establishment (located in box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of several diary entries, 1861/April to 1864/July, authored by Sue N. Riddle, a parishioner of the Presbyterian Church at Martinsburg regarding local Civil War battles, army occupations, involvement of churches in the area, destruction of property, and the arrest of local resident Andrew Hunter (the prosecutor in John Brown's trail) by the Federal Army (located in Berkeley County, box 4, folder 6);","a transcript of an eyewitness account pertaining to the formation of the Monroe Guard (Company D, 27th Virginia, Stonewall Brigade), and a transcript of a letter from Lieutenant John Tiffany of the Monroe Guard to his parents in Monroe County, West Virginia, describing the Battle of Chancellorsville (Tiffany was killed seven weeks later at Gettysburg) (located in Monroe County, box 50, folder 3);","several photographs of industrial sites and workers in southern West Virginia, ca. 1890-1930 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 2);","photographs documenting railroad structures, workers, trains, and passenger travel, ca. 1888-1940 (located in Mercer County, box 40, folder 7);","several copies of \"The White Sulphur Springs Echo\" and the \"Lee Week Herald\", ca. 1932-1937, recording events celebrating Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his three post-war holidays at White Sulphur Springs, 1867-1869, including facsimiles of original newsletters from ca. 1870s (located in Greenbrier County, box 22, folder 3);","and information regarding colonial pottery and artisans, such as \"Master\" Foulke and his apprentice, John Thompson (samples of their unique works and tools are in the Smithsonian Museum) (located in Monongalia County, box 46, folder 9).","Includes two original manuscript drafts that were submitted with the editors' comments for Chapter 4: The People, of The History of Monroe County.","General Material includes information related to West Virginia culture such as music, folklore, history, literature, education, artisans, and points of interest. There are also photographs and information regarding Smoke Hole in Pendleton County, and narratives pertaining to \"old characters\" of West Virginia, some of which were published in \"Mountain State Tintype\", a Writers' Program collaboration. The materials in this series include: correspondence, transcripts of court records, transcripts of interviews, poems, songs, newspaper clippings, manuscripts, narratives, editorial essays, and publications.","Notable items in the General Material Series include:","a transcript of Colonel (rank of Captain at the time) Charles Lewis' journal entries of 1756/October-November, recording a march of the Virginia Rangers with Colonel George Washington to the Patterson Creek Valley (now Mineral County), an area heavily attacked by native Americans during the French and Indian War (located in box 87, folder 8);","several transcripts of Civil War letters from both Confederate and Union soldiers involved in numerous battles of the war (some letters also broke the news to families of the wounding and death of loved ones involved in the battles) (located in box 87, folder 8);","three original letters, including an 1861 love letter, an 1861 letter authored by make-up artist and mimic Shannon Butcher, and an 1865 letter from Confederate prisoner of war Stephen Points Jr. in Fort Delaware to Miss Artie Pribble of Wirt County (located in box 88, folder 8).","This series documents West Virginia's local cultures, traditions and lore handed down through generations such as ghost stories, legends of local heroes, treatment for physical ailments, \"tokens\" or omens, war songs, love songs and hymns, memory book verses and tombstone inscriptions, and games (including \"Go to the Mill\" and \"Steal Partners\", played during social gatherings such as \"Molasses Boilin's\" and \"Apple Cutting\" parties). The materials in this series include: transcripts of interviews, narratives, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, poems, remedies, recipes, lyrics of songs and ballads, square dance calls, games, omens and superstitions, and seasonal customs.","Notable items in the Folklore Series include:","remedy for sore and sprained muscles (\"apply coal oil, with a chicken feather, no other kind of feather would do, on affected parts\") (located in box 90, folder 2);","lockjaw prevention (\"if anyone has a puncture wound from a nail, grease the nail and carry it in their pocket until healed, they will never have lockjaw\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"combings of hair carefully burned lest some bird finds it and builds it into its nest, in which event the person from whose head the hair came would suffer with headache until the fledglings left the nest\") (located in box 91, folder 5);","omens and superstitions (\"take a hoe or spade into the house and a member of the family will die within the year; trim your toenails on Good Friday and you will not have toothache\") (located in box 91, folder 6);","a narrative regarding traditional gatherings called \"workings\", usually involving an act of \"neighborliness\" by the surrounding neighbors helping each other with such tasks as barn raising, harvesting, quilting, and \"putting up\" food for storage (located in box 91, folder 9).","This series documents historical events such as John Brown's raid, Civil War battles and skirmishes, and the harassment and arrests of local citizens by occupying armies. There are also items regarding the striking geographical setting of the Harpers Ferry area and its culture. The materials in the series include: narratives, letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, poems, and research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' program staff.","There are several narratives written by Jennie Chambers (ca. 1845-1907) recording events involving Jennie and her family, who lived on Bolivar Heights above Harpers Ferry. These include Jennie's firsthand accounts of:","1. John Brown's raid (located in box 92, folders 5a and 5c, including photocopies of Jennie Chamber's full account as printed in Harper's Monthly, 1902; folders 6a-photocopy and 6c-original newspaper clipping relating an excerpt of Jennie's story);","2. the seizing of the United States Armory by the Virginia militia after the State's secession, and her father's arrest for refusing to yield the armory to the rebels (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, 9c-original document);","3. a heroic episode in 1861 when Jennie, running before the enemy, warned Union pickets of approaching Confederate cavalry (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document);","4. Jennie's description of the frightening experience of hiding with her family in their cellar in the midst of the shelling by Stonewall Jackson's artillery during the September 15, 1862 attack, and her amazement of the soldiers' conduct after the Federal surrender (located in box 92, folders 9a-photocopy, 9b-transcript, and 9c-original document).","There are also records documenting events before and after the Civil War, such as a transcript of an 1847 letter from William Shipman of Jefferson County, a United States Army soldier fighting in the Mexican War, regarding the orders from Washington to split up Zachary Taylor's Army (located in box 92, folders 2a-photocopy, and 2b-transcript).","Other notable items in the Harpers Ferry series include:","a transcript of a 1914 interview with John Thomas Allstadt, who was taken hostage by John Brown's raiders in 1859 (Allstadt, 18 years old at the time, was held with his father and others as hostages in the engine house at Harpers Ferry. His eyewitness account of the two day ordeal includes descriptions of the Marines charging the engine house and the capture of John Brown.) (located in box 92, folders 6a-photocopies, 6b-transcripts, and 6c-original clipping);","an original 1895 letter from Kate Field to Mrs. Lightner regarding Miss Field's choice of the property on Bolivar Heights for the relocation of John Brown's Fort (The fort had been targeted for demolition after being on exhibit at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, and Kate Field raised both public awareness and funds to rescue the fort.) (located in box 92, folders 8a- photocopy and transcript, 8b-original);","a narrative relating the last minute reprieve of three Union deserters as they faced a firing squad on Camp Hill, Harpers Ferry (located in box 92, folders 10a-photocopy, 10b-transcript, 10c-original document);","original and transcripts of letters regarding three brothers, Samuel, Collin and Charles Noland, all Confederate soldiers (Two brothers were POWs at Fort Delaware and one brother was mortally wounded soon after writing to his mother from camp on 20 September 1863.) (located in box 92, folders 11a-photocopies, 11b-transcripts, and 11c-original).","The Fact Book series contains:","1. Fact Book--General, boxes 93-98\n2. Fact Book--Manuscript of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\", boxes 99-100\n3. Fact Book--African-Americans, boxes 100-103","The materials in this series includes: research reports collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff, narratives, inventories, geological studies, transcripts of government reports and records, correspondence, maps, magazine articles, illustrations, bibliographies, statistics, ephemera, graphs, clippings, bibliographies, manuscripts, newsletters, transcripts of court records, newspaper articles, editorials, and interviews.","1. \"Fact Book--General\" includes material regarding several topics that are also listed in the Counties series, however this material relates to the State. There is also information pertaining to agriculture, architecture, sports and recreation, coal, labor and miners, federal and state government, courts, public health and other services, Revolutionary War records, West Virginia authors, Greeks and Lithuanians in West Virginia, covered bridges, geology and geography, and newspapers published in West Virginia.","Notable items in Fact Book--General include:","typescripts of the 1795-1800 Kentucky and Virginia boundary line settlement, and excerpts from 1870 United States Supreme Court Reports regarding the transfer of Jefferson and Berkeley Counties from Virginia to West Virginia (located in box 95, folder 1);","a typescript of the 1919 report from a commission appointed by West Virginia Governor Cornwell regarding the charges by coal miners against coal operators (the coal operators were accused of employing armed guards and posting them in the Guyan field of Logan County to physically assault and intimidate miners) (located in box 95, folder 6).","2. \"Fact Book--Manuscript\" includes a set of typescripts for \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","3. \"Factbook--African-Americans\" contains materials from ca. 1815-1942 documenting African-Americans in West Virginia, including records regarding slavery, abolition, and antebellum laws. There are also biographies of several prominent individuals, and information regarding educational institutions, organizations, and rural life.","Notable materials in Fact Book--African-Americans include:","several transcripts of county court records regarding slavery, such as wills claiming slaves as chattel (for delivery to a new owner \"forever\"), declarations of emancipation, bills of sale for slaves, records regarding the use of slaves as payment to settle debts, and indictments of \"free negroes\" on various charges (many of whom were charged with remaining in the Commonwealth of Virginia after manumission);","transcripts of articles and editorials, ca. 1814-1860, from western Virginia newspapers addressing several issues regarding slavery such as expansion into the territories of the western United States, abolition of slavery, treatment of freemen, and reactions to Harriet Beecher Stowe's \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\";","newspaper article regarding an attempt by slave traders to kidnap a free African-American in Wellsville, reported 1858/7/17 in The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (located in box 100, folder 3);","article entitled \"Slave Trade Horrors\" reporting the capture by authorities of a slave trade vessel off the Virginia coast (out of 120 slaves on board all but two were age eleven or younger) reported 1841/12/4 in The Kanawha Republican (located in box 100, folder 3);","transcripts of newspaper articles and editorials from western Virginia newspapers regarding John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, the raiders' trials, their executions, and the reactions of Virginians, the deep south, and northern states (located in box 100, folder 4 and box 103, folder 1);","interviews, narratives, and research reports regarding successful and prominent African-Americans in West Virginia (ca. 1900-1942) such as John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College (located in box 100, folder 5);","transcript of the Virginia Court of Appeals decision regarding a challenge to a deceased slave-owner's Will (The Will declared his slaves were to be allowed to choose either freedom or to remain enslaved to a new master. The court ruled against the last request of the deceased and in favor of the executor of the Will, claiming the African-Americans were not capable of making such a decision and therefore were to stay in bondage.) (located in box 100, folder 8).","Includes records related to publication of \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\". Includes correspondence, narratives, research reports, and forms collected and prepared by the Writers' Program staff. Correspondence is between federal and state offices of the Writers Program, government officials, local chambers of commerce, national and state publications and newspapers, prominent historian Dr. Roy Bird Cook (located in box 104, folder 6), and West Virginia University professors such as Louis Chappell and Maurice Brooks, among others (located in box 104, folders 1-5). Several of the narratives are in a traveling tour format, recording directions, locations, and information pertaining to points of interest throughout the state. There are also drafts, final manuscripts, and galleys for \"A Guide to the Mountain State\". Also includes magazine articles, newspaper clippings, statistics, chemical analyses, photographs, manuscripts, and illustrations related to publication of the \"West Virginia, A Guide to the Mountain State\".","Additional administrative records for the Writers' Program in West Virginia can be found in A\u0026M 527, West Virginia University, WPA Writers Project, Records, at this repository.","Notable items in the Writers' Project series include:","information pertaining to mineral springs such as White Sulphur Springs, Salt Springs, Capon Springs, and Old Sweet Springs, among others (located in box 103, folder 4);","historical narratives regarding the first telephone service in West Virginia, and the introduction of the first night-train travel service by Henry G. Davis (both items located in box 103, folder 9);","transcripts of correspondence (1747-1754) between The Board of Trade and Plantations and the Royal Governors of the Colony Of Virginia regarding French encroachment and Indian attacks in the English colony's territory, including a 1754 letter from Governor Dinwiddie reporting \"Mr. Washington's\" observations during his recent expedition to the western Virginia territory (located in box 104, folder 9);","transcripts of excerpts from the 1743-1748 journals of Moravian missionaries Leonard Schnell, Robert Hussey, Matthias Gottschalk, Joseph Spangenberg, and Matthew Reutz during their travels through northwestern Virginia (Patterson Creek and South Branch) down the Shenandoah Valley to Georgia, recording their observations of the wilderness and reactions to their ministries (located in box 104, folder 11);","transcript of a proclamation from Virginia's Royal Lt. Governor Gooch, warning settlers that \"... Itinerant Preachers have...crept into this Colony...those corrupters of our Faith and true religion to propagate their shocking doctrines...\" (located in box 104, folder 11).","Includes oversize material transferred from other record series. Includes: publications related to Greenbrier County and White Sulphur Springs transferred from box 22, folder 3."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7db7750c7837e29de89890c5fd27d017\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Federal Writers' Project","Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of West Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1214,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:39:45.499Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2760"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026amp;M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2501.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196567","title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1820-1942","ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1820-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0183","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2501"],"text":["A\u0026M 0183","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2501","Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material","Hampshire County (W. Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","World War, 1914-1918 -- Mineral County (W. Va.) -- Soldiers","No special access restriction applies.","The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.","183, 454","The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.","There are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).","Mostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:","listings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),","cemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);","brief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);","marriage records (folder 2);","list of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);","list of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);","list of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);","list of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);","roster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);","memorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);","and a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).","There are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.","There is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12).","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","English \n.    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Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 0183, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material, A\u0026M 0183, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e183, 454\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["183, 454"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026amp;M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elistings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ecemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebrief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003emarriage records (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eroster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ememorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.","There are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).","Mostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:","listings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),","cemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);","brief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);","marriage records (folder 2);","list of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);","list of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);","list of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);","list of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);","roster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);","memorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);","and a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).","There are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.","There is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bd1f921bf8341d9b154c4679448adc76\"\u003eThe Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026amp;M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_420884758179407a7e61f94276833882\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:08:36.376Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2501.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196567","title_ssm":["Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1820-1942","ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1935-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1820-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0183","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2501"],"text":["A\u0026M 0183","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2501","Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material","Hampshire County (W. Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","World War, 1914-1918 -- Mineral County (W. Va.) -- Soldiers","No special access restriction applies.","The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.","183, 454","The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.","There are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).","Mostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:","listings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),","cemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);","brief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);","marriage records (folder 2);","list of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);","list of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);","list of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);","list of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);","roster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);","memorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);","and a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).","There are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.","There is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12).","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. 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(1 document case, 5 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. Other topics of interest developed, however, and were added to the Project, such as urban and rural folklore, first person narratives or life histories, studies of the cultures of ethnic groups, and authentic narratives of ex-slaves.","The Writers Project became a casualty of World War II. The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 0183, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia, Records regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties and Other Material, A\u0026M 0183, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e183, 454\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["183, 454"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026amp;M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elistings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ecemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebrief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003emarriage records (folder 2);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elist of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eroster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ememorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hamphshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties.","There are some original manuscripts, including militia commissions signed by the Governor of Virginia (1820s-1830s), and some land records (3 documents from the 1820s) (folders 1a and 1b).","Mostly, however, there are typescript narratives and transcriptions, and newspaper clippings, regarding the history of these counties (ca. 1820-1940). The range of topics is diverse, including:","listings of Mineral County residents who were draftees, casualties, or decorated in World War I (folder 2),","cemetery records for the Williams family (folder 2);","brief history of Capon Springs (folder 2);","marriage records (folder 2);","list of Revolutionary War soldiers (folder 3);","list of Confederate companies from Hampshire County (folder 3);","list of post-offices and postmasters of Hampshire County (1832) (folder 3);","list of Confederate veterans, Camp 1046 (folder 4);","roster of McNeill's Rangers, typescript (folder 12);","memorial address regarding Camp Chase, Ohio (1929) (folder 14);","and a historical narrative by Professor J.C. Sanders regarding the Whiskey Rebellion (folder 15).","There are a few biographies of prominent individuals scattered throughout.","There is also a photograph of the first train through Moorefield, Hardy County (1910 May 9) (folder 12); and a photograph of Howard's Lick Hotel (ca. 1900-1910) (folder 12)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bd1f921bf8341d9b154c4679448adc76\"\u003eThe Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026amp;M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Writers' Program was a federal New Deal program (1935-1942) that employed jobless individuals with literary and writing skills for the purpose of researching and recording a broad assemblage of information regarding their states and local counties. This collection contains some of the records of the West Virginia division of the Program (the bulk of which are in A\u0026M 454), including material regarding Mineral and Hampshire Counties, as well as Berkeley, Grant, Hardy, and Pendleton Counties. For additional detail, please consult the scope and content note."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_420884758179407a7e61f94276833882\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:08:36.376Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2501"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Writing","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed \u003cspan\u003ePortrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia\u003c/span\u003e, which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03","parent_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_36","viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_36","viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection","Gertrude Stein"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection","Gertrude Stein"],"text":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection","Gertrude Stein","Writing","Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.","Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz."],"title_filing_ssi":"Writing","title_ssm":["Writing"],"title_tesim":["Writing"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1963"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1963"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":26,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":209,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Restrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed \u003ctitle\u003ePortrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia\u003c/title\u003e, which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:34:48.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_36","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_36.xml","title_ssm":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1881-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1","/repositories/4/resources/36"],"text":["MS-1","/repositories/4/resources/36","Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection","Catalogs","Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings","Signed copy of the book is cataloged in Rare Book Room collection.","","Subseries 2.1: Personal  Professional Materials Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Programs Subseries 2.4: Francis Earle Lutz","Subseries 3.1: Personal Subseries 3.2: Writing Subseries 3.3: Articles about Gertrude Stein Subseries 3.4: Exhibits Subseries 3.5: Newspaper Clippings Subseries 3.6: Playbills","Subseries 4.1: Carl Van Vechten, Personal Subseries 4.2: New York Apartment Subseries 4.3: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten Subseries 4.4: Other Photographs Subseries 4.5: Photographs of Gertrude Stein  Alice B. Toklas Subseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz Subseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs Subseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara","Carl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.","Mark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the  Richmond News Leader . Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the  Richmond News Leader  and the  Times-Dispatch  as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the  Philco News  and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed.","Donated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992.","The photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian.","A number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.","Several of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.","Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.","This collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.","Series 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.","Series 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.","Subseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.","Subseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.","Subseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.","Subseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.","Series 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.","Subseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.","Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.","Subseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.","Subseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.","Subseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.","Subseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.","Series 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.","Subseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.","Subseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.","Subseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.","Subseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.","Subseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.","Subseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.","Subseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.","Subseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints.","Books written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".","Contains blurb by Carl Van Vechten.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Restrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com.","This collection contains materials relating to the life and writings of Carl Van Vechten and Gertrude Stein as shared and collected by Mark Lutz. Materials include correspondence and a variety of printed materials including programs, catalogs, reviews, and clippings as well as a substantial number of photographs taken by Van Vechten.","University of Richmond ","Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B.","English French Catalan; Valencian Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1","/repositories/4/resources/36"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"creator_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"creators_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Restrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Catalogs","Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Catalogs","Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Linear Feet 15 archival boxes, 1 oversized archival box."],"extent_tesim":["18 Linear Feet 15 archival boxes, 1 oversized archival box."],"physfacet_tesim":["Primarily photographs and manuscript material."],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSigned copy of the book is cataloged in Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Signed copy of the book is cataloged in Rare Book Room collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.1: Personal  Professional Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.3: Programs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.4: Francis Earle Lutz\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.1: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.2: Writing\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.3: Articles about Gertrude Stein\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.4: Exhibits\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.5: Newspaper Clippings\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.6: Playbills\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.1: Carl Van Vechten, Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.2: New York Apartment\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.3: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.4: Other Photographs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.5: Photographs of Gertrude Stein  Alice B. Toklas\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["","Subseries 2.1: Personal  Professional Materials Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Programs Subseries 2.4: Francis Earle Lutz","Subseries 3.1: Personal Subseries 3.2: Writing Subseries 3.3: Articles about Gertrude Stein Subseries 3.4: Exhibits Subseries 3.5: Newspaper Clippings Subseries 3.6: Playbills","Subseries 4.1: Carl Van Vechten, Personal Subseries 4.2: New York Apartment Subseries 4.3: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten Subseries 4.4: Other Photographs Subseries 4.5: Photographs of Gertrude Stein  Alice B. Toklas Subseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz Subseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs Subseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e. Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eTimes-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003ePhilco News\u003c/emph\u003e and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.","Mark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the  Richmond News Leader . Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the  Richmond News Leader  and the  Times-Dispatch  as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the  Philco News  and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Donated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-1, Carl Van Vechten – Mark Lutz Collection, Book Arts, Archives,  Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-1, Carl Van Vechten – Mark Lutz Collection, Book Arts, Archives,  Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.","Several of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.","Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed \u003ctitle\u003ePortrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia\u003c/title\u003e, which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.","Series 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.","Series 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.","Subseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.","Subseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.","Subseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.","Subseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.","Series 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.","Subseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.","Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.","Subseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.","Subseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.","Subseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.","Subseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.","Series 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.","Subseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.","Subseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.","Subseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.","Subseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.","Subseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.","Subseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.","Subseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.","Subseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains blurb by Carl Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".","Contains blurb by Carl Van Vechten."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRestrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Restrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_406af6246fd0b3294dbef1a4bf848fca\"\u003eThis collection contains materials relating to the life and writings of Carl Van Vechten and Gertrude Stein as shared and collected by Mark Lutz. Materials include correspondence and a variety of printed materials including programs, catalogs, reviews, and clippings as well as a substantial number of photographs taken by Van Vechten.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials relating to the life and writings of Carl Van Vechten and Gertrude Stein as shared and collected by Mark Lutz. Materials include correspondence and a variety of printed materials including programs, catalogs, reviews, and clippings as well as a substantial number of photographs taken by Van Vechten."],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"names_coll_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"persname_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"language_ssim":["English French Catalan; Valencian Spanish; Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":581,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:34:48.475Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts"],"text":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts","Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","Box 22"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","title_ssm":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"title_tesim":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1760/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":478,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["Box 22"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#43","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:40:07.333Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8073.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers","title_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1760-1990","1800-1900"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1800-1900"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1760-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073"],"text":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073","Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)","Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access.","The collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts.","Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014.","The collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. ","There is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. ","Artifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. ","This series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.","This box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.","Certification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.","Handwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.","Tucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.","Drawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.","Ordnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.","Survey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.","Copy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"","Drawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.","This series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.","Orginal is in oversize folder.","This series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.","This series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.","This series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.","This subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.","A set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.","A small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).","This subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Bolton","Tucker","Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"creator_ssm":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"creator_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Bolton","Tucker"],"creators_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"places_ssim":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.0 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["20.0 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArtifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrdnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurvey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrginal is in oversize folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. ","There is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. ","Artifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. ","This series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.","This box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.","Certification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.","Handwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.","Tucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.","Drawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.","Ordnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.","Survey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.","Copy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"","Drawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.","This series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.","Orginal is in oversize folder.","This series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.","This series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.","This series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.","This subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.","A set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.","A small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).","This subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bolton","Tucker","Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Bolton","Tucker"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue"],"persname_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":514,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:40:07.333Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Writings","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThere are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_658","viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_658","viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers","Writings and printed"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers","Writings and printed"],"text":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers","Writings and printed","Writings","English","box 5 [X030899293]","folder 7","There are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers."],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"extent_ssm":["0.04 Cubic Feet One folder in legal document box. Box 5."],"extent_tesim":["0.04 Cubic Feet One folder in legal document box. Box 5."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":44,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 5 [X030899293]","folder 7"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["There are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:47:27.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_658","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_658.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/572","title_filing_ssi":"Smith, Celestia Essie Wade Butler, papers","title_ssm":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"title_tesim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1793-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1793-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12947","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/658"],"text":["MSS 12947","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/658","Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers","The collection is open for research use.","Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith (Mrs. Cabell Smith)  was born on November 18, 1872 to Zachary Taylor Wade and Catherine (Kitty) Bailey Greer of Rockymount, Virginia and died on January 23, 1963, after a lifetime of service to the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was a teacher, librarian, genealogist, writer, and president of the Virginia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Daughters of the American Colonists, the Confederate Memorial Literary Society, the New York Southern Society, the Society of Pocahontas, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, the League of American PenWomen, the League of Women Voters and women's clubs, and the Democratic National Committee. She wrote many articles for the United Daughters of Confederacy, including \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division, U. D. C.\" and an unfinished history of Franklin County, Virginia.","\nIn her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she formulated a plan to build a replica of the Mississippi home of President Jefferson Davis, \"Beauvoir\", served on a committee to establish the custodianship of the Lee Chapel and Mausoleum at Lexington, Va., collaborated with Frances Parkinson Keyes for the restoration of General Robert E. Lee's home, petitioned for a memorial building for the Confederacy in Richmond, Va. and chaired a committee to procure a commemorative stamp honoring General Lee. She was appointed Matron of Honor by the United Daughters of the Confederacy and participated in their ceremonies. ","\nShe was also interested in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Colonial Dames of America, the Lee Memorial Foundation at Stratford, the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, the National Woman's Party, the Women's Universal Alliance, The National American Women's Suffrage Association, The Women's National Radio Committee, and the Network Guild of America. She received a citation for her contributions to the cause of Woman Suffrage.","\nMrs. Cabell Smith tracked her genealogy back to a descendant of Pocahontas. In addition to her work for the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she wrote many fictional and autobiographical stories and poems. She was married to Benjamin Waldo Butler, a construction engineer with the Roanoke and Southern railroad, and city engineer in Charlotte, N. C. where he died after only a few years of marriage. She then married Cabell Smith and had a daughter from each marriage, Laura Butler Moore, and Mary Cabell Smith. She also had a devoted sister Josephine Epperson, a niece Caroline Mansur, three grandchildren and nine great- grandchildren.","Mrs. Frank Harrold was the vice president-general of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and may have given a copy of this letter to Essie Smith.","Caroline Epperson Mansur is the niece of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith. \"Essie\" Smith married Benjamin Waldo Butler (1853-1895).","Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers, 1793-2002, 2 cubic feet, consisting of correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy and many other Southern organizations to preserve the Confederacy. She was also involved with the Democratic Party, Womens' rights and genealogy. There are narratives of family histories and eighteen and nineteenth century papers including slave documents. There are also  personal papers, correspondence with other writers and publishers, and drafts of stories and poems by Mrs. Essie Smith. Included are programs from many of the plays and concerts that she attended. Also of interest are letters with her daughter, Mary Cabell Smith, who was working for General Motors Continental in Europe in the 1920's and 1930's.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith personal and business correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, honoring Southern Confederates, particularly Robert E. Lee, invitations from Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis, and letters with other writers and publishers about her manuscripts and poems. Correspondents include Frances Parkinson Keyes, Sophie Carter Richardson, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Richard Wightman. There are also letters from her daughter Mary Cabell Smith who was working in Europe for General Motors as a stenographer and model in Europe in the 1920's. There is a miscellaneous account of a friend's (Frank Harrold, Jr.) meeting with the Duke of Windsor when he was a young man at a party in America.","Mostly letters from friends about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's activities or her daughter Mary Cabell Smith","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Edward W. Saunders, Captain John J. Crowley, J. E. Harper, Josephus Daniel, Fannie M. Tate, DuBose Heyward, Sophie Carter Richardson (who was corresponding with Eleanor Roosevelt to set up a meeting with the President), Mary Flournoy, William W. LaPoint, Louise Everett Scott, M. Bigelow (Good Housekeeping), Ambassador [Jean Jules] Jusserand, Frederick D.Losey, Paul Green, Maude Merchant, O. O. McIntyre, Gerald W. Johnson, Eleanor White (The Marion Publishing Company), Giles B. Cooke (and photographs), Arthur H. Fox, Herschel Johnson, Mrs. Charles B. Keesee, and Thomas G. Burch.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp  and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Frances Keyes Parkinson, James A. Farley, letters to President and Mrs. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt (no signature), Irvin S. Cobb, Claude S. Swanson, Douglas S. Freeman, James A. Parham (The Charlotte Observer), Harry F. Byrd, Andrew J. Montague, Harllee Branch, C. B. Eilenberger, Robert Ramspeck, Clark Howell (The Atlanta Constitution), Mrs. Lyon G. Tyler, Robert F. Hutcheson, Mary D. Flournoy, A. Willis Robertson, Mary Joyner Cox, Pearle J. Guthrie, Herschel Johnson, Gregory J. Lock, Mrs. (Lucy) Charles B. Keesee, Clayton Torrence (Virginia Historical Society), O. P. Chitwood, G. F. Martineau, Ambasador David Bruce, N. Claiborne Hale, Albert H. Pretzfelder (Aladdin Books), Millard K. Bushong University of Richmond), Mrs. Leith Stanley Bremner, Kermit Sloan (The Curtis Publishing Company), Edna H. Fowler, Janet Randolph, Mrs. Leopold M. Bashinsky, and L. S. Hairston.","\"Scrapbook of a Great Grandmother\" containing copies of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence with or about well known individuals, stories and poems by Essie Smith, and research notes on history, particularly the Confederacy. Correspondents and subjects include Richard Wightman, Alexander Jessup, the Readers Publishing Corporation, Dorothy Gogwell, John Farrar, Paul Green, Elbert Hubbard, Sophie Carter Richardson, J. Hoge Tyler,  Edwin Booth, General John J. Pershing,  and Edwin Anderson Alderman. There are also invitations to Essie Smith and letters to her niece, Caroliine Mansur.","Mostly correspondence of Mary Cabell Smith (nicknamed \"Pie\") from Europe in the 1920's and 1930's, with her parents Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith and Cabell Smith. Other family members include Mary's half sister Laura Butler Moore (\"Muddie\", who died in 1931) and Laura's husband Tom Moore.  Mary Cabell Smith is working as a stenographer and a model for the advertising department of General Motors Continental in Belgian, Brussels. She describes her experiences including seeing Belgian royalty and a visit to the House of Commons in London as well as her enjoyment of working in Brussels.","Westmoreland Davis letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Virginia Conference on Governmental Efficiency,  his political defeat in 1922, and invitations from his wife, Marguerite Davis who is a member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Included is a letter from Thomas G. Burch recommending Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith for state delegate of the National War Savings Committee. There are also Westmoreland Davis campaign brochures, articles and pamphlets.","Frank W. Harrold letter to his father describing an event at the Magdalene College wine supper in which the Duke of Windsor attended the party in 1922. There is also an unsigned note from 1979 that was apparently sent to the Duchess (Wallis Simpson) telling her about the letter.","Frances Parkinson Keyes letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the United Daughters of the Confederacy plans to move the remains of Lee famly members to Lexington, Virginia, the restoration of Arlington House, and efforts to pay tribute to Robert E. Lee by creating a postage stamp. Included are letters from Sophie Carter Richardson, and Colonel Lee (copy). See also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence.","Richard Wightman corresponds with Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith giving her advice on her writing. Included is a manuscript that he edits for her as well as his own signed and printed work.","There are letters and research about the genealogy of the Wade, Greer and related families including Butler, Holland, Patterson, Coleman, Claiborne, Carter, Pugh, Saunders, Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins from 1793 to 1965 in Rocky Mount, Virginia. There are slave documents  including a list of slave names, court documents, and marriage proposals. Individuals mentioned are John Wilkes Booth, Owen Henry Price, Giles Carter, and Pocahontas. There are also descriptions of Franklin County families and their homes. Included are applications for the United Daughters (and Sons) of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.","Caroline Epperson Mansur photocopies and notes with dates, photographs, and facts regarding the Butler family.","Letters from the Butler and Holland families. Included are a list of slaves called \"Names of My Negroes\" and other documents from the nineteenth century. There is also a letter from Benjamin Waldo Butler to Celestia Essie Wade Butler's father asking for her hand in marriage in 1891.","Letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Greer and related family histories including Patterson and Wade, and family doucments. There are also many genealogy inquiries about establishing family lineages for membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. Some correspondents include Mrs. Charles Keesee, N. Claiborne Hale, Lyon G. Tyler, Jr. and Winfield Scott, Commissioner (Bureau of Pensions).","Information, articles, and notes about the genealogy of the Greer, Patterson, and Wade families.","Mostly genealogy information about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's family and applications for her and her sister into the Daughters of American Colonists through her ancestors Giles Carter and her mother Katherine \"Kitty\" Greer Wade. Also mentioned are the Harrison, Pugh, and Saunders families, Owen Henry Price, John Wilkes Booth, and Pocahontas.","Genealogy histories, articles, documents, and information for Greer, Patterson, Wade, and Carter families, applicatons to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.","Genealogy information and records of the Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins families.","Research of families and Works Progess Administration of Virginia inventories for houses in Franklin County, Pittsylvania County, and Danville, Virginia, including narratives about specific families and their homes.  There are too many to list including the birthplace of Jubal Anderson Early, the Wade family home, the Saunders family at \"Bleak Hill\", the Boone family (relatives of Daniel Boone) at \"Old Mansion\", the Claiborne family at \"Claybrooke\", the Callaway family at \"Ocalusa\" or \"Blackwater Place\", the Greer and Turnbull family home, the Patterson home, and the Hurt family home at \"Oak Knoll\". Also included are membership applications for the Epperson family to join the Colonial Dames of America, The Jamestown Society, and a certificate for membership in the United Daughters of the Confederacy.","Correspondence, articles, programs, invitations, speeches, and newspaper clippings related to organizations such as Camp Meade, Martinsville Literary Club, National Society United States Daughters of 1812, Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association (and Gutzon Borglum proposal to create a sculpture), the United Daughters of the Confederacy (including Jubal Anderson Early Chapter), the University of Virginia and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Stratford Hall, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Pocahontas Memorial Association, Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, William and Mary College, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Society, and the Women's Democratic Organization of Virginia. This list is not exclusive.","There are also speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about Robert E. Lee and his family (see also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence), articles by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and correspondence from Edwin Anderson Alderman, Woodrow Wilson (copies), J. Hoge Tyler, George C. Peery, and Westmoreland Davis about speaking engagements. John Wilkes Booth is also mentioned.","Correspondence, assignments, memos, information and ephemera related to Camp Meade while Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith worked there in 1919.","Correspondence, invitations, programs, reports, applications, newspaper clippings  related to the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Children of the American Revolution.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith address to the Martinsville Literary Club and guided tour of Richmond, Virginia.","Includes by-laws, applications, programs, invitations, and correspondence which is mostly to announce meeting times and events.","Letters to the Daughters of the Confederacy, articles, brochures, newspaper clippings and other printed material about Gutzon Borglum sculpting a monument on Stone Mountain honoring Robert E. Lee, Jackson Davis and, Stonewall Jackson. Included are some notes on memories of the Civil War and a famous relative, John Wilkes Booth.","Printed information about Stratford Hall and letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about ways to honor Robert E. Lee and his concerns about avoiding controversy with the government.  Also mentioned is information about removing the remains of Annie Carter Lexington to Lexington, Va. This correspondence is also in Series 1. Correspondence Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence).","Correspondence and printed materials related to the United Daughters of the Confederacy including meeting minutes from the 1917 22nd Annual Convention. There is correspondence of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and Arlene Walker Harrold about the politics of the Georgia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and their officers. ","There are also personal accounts about the Civil War such as, \"Southern Women in the War Between the States\", written by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and others. ","Of interest is a brief mention of Governor of Virginia, Lindsay Almond, and the closing of the schools due to desegregation in 1959. ","There is also a photograph of Mrs. James Alexander.","United Daughters of the Confederacy and Children of the Confederacy correspondence, programs, and newspaper clippings. Many of the items are related to the family of Mrs. Edward Earl Mansur Jr. (Caroline).","Research and articles about Jubal Anderson Early for the United Daughters of the Confederacy.","Correspondence from the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, and individuals such as Woodrow Wilson (copy and unsigned), Edwin Anderson Alderman, J. Hoge Tyler, and the governor of Virginia George C. Peery about appointments, speaking engagements, and events. There are also invitations, programs, newspaper clippings, and printed materials inclding a program for the inauguartion Colgate W. Darden, Jr. as president.","Correspondence and literature about the South from many Virginia and women institutions including the Virginia Division of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Virginia Social Science Association, The Social Recorder of Virginia, Virginia Historical Society, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Confederated Southern Memorial Association, The Pocahantas Memorial Association, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, The Westmoreland Club, William and Mary College, and The Woman's Democratic Organization of Virginia. There are programs honoring Richard Snowden Andrews, Sam Houston, and Edward Virginius Valentine.There is also a speech by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and invitations from Governor Harry F. Byrd.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith descriptions of her trip to a historic meeting of the legislature which was honoring Mr. Rockefeller and her attendance at a party at the Governor's mansion with Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis.","Papers related to the United Confederate Veterans, League of Women Voters, Democratic National Committee, New York Society of Women, Ford Motor Company speech about Robert E. Lee, American Education Foundation, Women's National Radio Committee, National Society Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America, The Southern Society of Washington, Woman's Universal Alliance, Conference on Governmental Efficiency, the League of American PenWomen, Washington Day Committee of North Carolina, and the United States Commission for the Celebration of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of George Washington.","Personal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith including address books, biographical information, miscellaneous newspaper clippings, photographs, school papers, legal papers, political pins, railroad tickets, and war ration books.","Includes tributes to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and biographical notes,and newspaper clippings about her.","The New York Herald Tribune December 24,1939 pictures of the war; The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1922 about the Mecklenburg Declaration by Alexander Graham, The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1896 on the  Woman's Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence.","Personal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith include school report cards, teaching certificate, birth and death certificates, last will and testament, and correspondence about the donation of her papers. Also  included are war ration books, political pins, and railroad tickets.","Autobiographical and fictional stories, notes, poems, and drafts of speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith from 1904 to 1961. Included is a printed copy of a book, \"Roses in December\" by Frances Keyes Parkinson and \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division United Daughters of the Confederacy\" by Essie Smith. There are also many printed programs and playbills from concerts and plays that Mrs. Smith attended on the East Coast. Of interest is an original program from the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\" in 1939.","Includes autobiographical writing notes about her experiences and drafts of speeches. Topics include Woodrow Wilson, pardon of Frank James, New York, Washington, and Virginia.","There are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers.","Writings, poems, notes, untitled pages, composition notebooks, and titled stories including \"Lletters of a Vacationist\", \"Peace, Peace, Peace\", \"The Trial of Henry Wirz of Andersonville Prison\", \"Khaki\", \"The Khaki Line\", \"The Ex Perdita\", \"Letters of a Flapper Grandma\", \"The Pioneer Picture\", \"The Autobiography of a Failure\", \"My Road\", \"The Persian Kitty\", \"Bait for Bachelors\", \"Arlington\", \"My Daughter Across the Water\", and \"In A Silence\". Some publishers' correspondence included.","Brochures, church and exhibition programs, dictionaries, articles, histories,  maps, menus, and plates.","Playbills from the Lyceum Theatre, Winter Garden, Henry Miller's Theatre, Forrest Theatre, St. James Theatre, and the Fulton Theatre.","Playbills from the Lyceum Theatre, the National Theatre, Winter Garden, The Music Box, Biltmore Theatre, John Golden Theatre,and the Ethel Barrymore Theatre.","Playbills from the Booth Theatre, the Cort Theatre, the Plymouth Theatre, the Windsor Theatre, and the St. James Theatre.","\"Gone With The Wind\" program issued at movie theatres when the movie was released. The program is illustrated and contains narratives by each of the lead actors. Included is a letter from Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith documenting that this program came out with the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\".","United Daughters of the Confederacy certificate for Caroline Epperson Mansur, Sons of Confederate Veterans certificates for Peter Saunders, Commonwealth of Virginia certificate delegating Peter Saunder to represent the Commonwealth at the Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia (1932), and Commonwealth of Virginia certificate appointing Peter Saunders Secretary to the Commonwealth (1930). ALso included is a World War II Buy Bonds poster.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12947","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/658"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"collection_ssim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Caroline Epperson Mansur  to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia on February 12, 2004."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Cubic Feet 6 legal  document boxes and one oversize folder."],"extent_tesim":["2 Cubic Feet 6 legal  document boxes and one oversize folder."],"physfacet_tesim":["correspondence, genealogy, southern history, organizations, personal, writings and programs"],"date_range_isim":[1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCelestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith (Mrs. Cabell Smith)  was born on November 18, 1872 to Zachary Taylor Wade and Catherine (Kitty) Bailey Greer of Rockymount, Virginia and died on January 23, 1963, after a lifetime of service to the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was a teacher, librarian, genealogist, writer, and president of the Virginia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Daughters of the American Colonists, the Confederate Memorial Literary Society, the New York Southern Society, the Society of Pocahontas, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, the League of American PenWomen, the League of Women Voters and women's clubs, and the Democratic National Committee. She wrote many articles for the United Daughters of Confederacy, including \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division, U. D. C.\" and an unfinished history of Franklin County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she formulated a plan to build a replica of the Mississippi home of President Jefferson Davis, \"Beauvoir\", served on a committee to establish the custodianship of the Lee Chapel and Mausoleum at Lexington, Va., collaborated with Frances Parkinson Keyes for the restoration of General Robert E. Lee's home, petitioned for a memorial building for the Confederacy in Richmond, Va. and chaired a committee to procure a commemorative stamp honoring General Lee. She was appointed Matron of Honor by the United Daughters of the Confederacy and participated in their ceremonies. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nShe was also interested in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Colonial Dames of America, the Lee Memorial Foundation at Stratford, the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, the National Woman's Party, the Women's Universal Alliance, The National American Women's Suffrage Association, The Women's National Radio Committee, and the Network Guild of America. She received a citation for her contributions to the cause of Woman Suffrage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMrs. Cabell Smith tracked her genealogy back to a descendant of Pocahontas. In addition to her work for the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she wrote many fictional and autobiographical stories and poems. She was married to Benjamin Waldo Butler, a construction engineer with the Roanoke and Southern railroad, and city engineer in Charlotte, N. C. where he died after only a few years of marriage. She then married Cabell Smith and had a daughter from each marriage, Laura Butler Moore, and Mary Cabell Smith. She also had a devoted sister Josephine Epperson, a niece Caroline Mansur, three grandchildren and nine great- grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Frank Harrold was the vice president-general of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and may have given a copy of this letter to Essie Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaroline Epperson Mansur is the niece of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith. \"Essie\" Smith married Benjamin Waldo Butler (1853-1895).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith (Mrs. Cabell Smith)  was born on November 18, 1872 to Zachary Taylor Wade and Catherine (Kitty) Bailey Greer of Rockymount, Virginia and died on January 23, 1963, after a lifetime of service to the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was a teacher, librarian, genealogist, writer, and president of the Virginia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She was also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Daughters of the American Colonists, the Confederate Memorial Literary Society, the New York Southern Society, the Society of Pocahontas, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, the League of American PenWomen, the League of Women Voters and women's clubs, and the Democratic National Committee. She wrote many articles for the United Daughters of Confederacy, including \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division, U. D. C.\" and an unfinished history of Franklin County, Virginia.","\nIn her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she formulated a plan to build a replica of the Mississippi home of President Jefferson Davis, \"Beauvoir\", served on a committee to establish the custodianship of the Lee Chapel and Mausoleum at Lexington, Va., collaborated with Frances Parkinson Keyes for the restoration of General Robert E. Lee's home, petitioned for a memorial building for the Confederacy in Richmond, Va. and chaired a committee to procure a commemorative stamp honoring General Lee. She was appointed Matron of Honor by the United Daughters of the Confederacy and participated in their ceremonies. ","\nShe was also interested in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Colonial Dames of America, the Lee Memorial Foundation at Stratford, the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, the National Woman's Party, the Women's Universal Alliance, The National American Women's Suffrage Association, The Women's National Radio Committee, and the Network Guild of America. She received a citation for her contributions to the cause of Woman Suffrage.","\nMrs. Cabell Smith tracked her genealogy back to a descendant of Pocahontas. In addition to her work for the United Daughters of the Confederacy, she wrote many fictional and autobiographical stories and poems. She was married to Benjamin Waldo Butler, a construction engineer with the Roanoke and Southern railroad, and city engineer in Charlotte, N. C. where he died after only a few years of marriage. She then married Cabell Smith and had a daughter from each marriage, Laura Butler Moore, and Mary Cabell Smith. She also had a devoted sister Josephine Epperson, a niece Caroline Mansur, three grandchildren and nine great- grandchildren.","Mrs. Frank Harrold was the vice president-general of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and may have given a copy of this letter to Essie Smith.","Caroline Epperson Mansur is the niece of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith. \"Essie\" Smith married Benjamin Waldo Butler (1853-1895)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCelestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers, 1793-2002, 2 cubic feet, consisting of correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy and many other Southern organizations to preserve the Confederacy. She was also involved with the Democratic Party, Womens' rights and genealogy. There are narratives of family histories and eighteen and nineteenth century papers including slave documents. There are also  personal papers, correspondence with other writers and publishers, and drafts of stories and poems by Mrs. Essie Smith. Included are programs from many of the plays and concerts that she attended. Also of interest are letters with her daughter, Mary Cabell Smith, who was working for General Motors Continental in Europe in the 1920's and 1930's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCelestia Essie Wade Butler Smith personal and business correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, honoring Southern Confederates, particularly Robert E. Lee, invitations from Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis, and letters with other writers and publishers about her manuscripts and poems. Correspondents include Frances Parkinson Keyes, Sophie Carter Richardson, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Richard Wightman. There are also letters from her daughter Mary Cabell Smith who was working in Europe for General Motors as a stenographer and model in Europe in the 1920's. There is a miscellaneous account of a friend's (Frank Harrold, Jr.) meeting with the Duke of Windsor when he was a young man at a party in America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly letters from friends about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's activities or her daughter Mary Cabell Smith\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCelestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Edward W. Saunders, Captain John J. Crowley, J. E. Harper, Josephus Daniel, Fannie M. Tate, DuBose Heyward, Sophie Carter Richardson (who was corresponding with Eleanor Roosevelt to set up a meeting with the President), Mary Flournoy, William W. LaPoint, Louise Everett Scott, M. Bigelow (Good Housekeeping), Ambassador [Jean Jules] Jusserand, Frederick D.Losey, Paul Green, Maude Merchant, O. O. McIntyre, Gerald W. Johnson, Eleanor White (The Marion Publishing Company), Giles B. Cooke (and photographs), Arthur H. Fox, Herschel Johnson, Mrs. Charles B. Keesee, and Thomas G. Burch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCelestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp  and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Frances Keyes Parkinson, James A. Farley, letters to President and Mrs. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt (no signature), Irvin S. Cobb, Claude S. Swanson, Douglas S. Freeman, James A. Parham (The Charlotte Observer), Harry F. Byrd, Andrew J. Montague, Harllee Branch, C. B. Eilenberger, Robert Ramspeck, Clark Howell (The Atlanta Constitution), Mrs. Lyon G. Tyler, Robert F. Hutcheson, Mary D. Flournoy, A. Willis Robertson, Mary Joyner Cox, Pearle J. Guthrie, Herschel Johnson, Gregory J. Lock, Mrs. (Lucy) Charles B. Keesee, Clayton Torrence (Virginia Historical Society), O. P. Chitwood, G. F. Martineau, Ambasador David Bruce, N. Claiborne Hale, Albert H. Pretzfelder (Aladdin Books), Millard K. Bushong University of Richmond), Mrs. Leith Stanley Bremner, Kermit Sloan (The Curtis Publishing Company), Edna H. Fowler, Janet Randolph, Mrs. Leopold M. Bashinsky, and L. S. Hairston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Scrapbook of a Great Grandmother\" containing copies of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence with or about well known individuals, stories and poems by Essie Smith, and research notes on history, particularly the Confederacy. Correspondents and subjects include Richard Wightman, Alexander Jessup, the Readers Publishing Corporation, Dorothy Gogwell, John Farrar, Paul Green, Elbert Hubbard, Sophie Carter Richardson, J. Hoge Tyler,  Edwin Booth, General John J. Pershing,  and Edwin Anderson Alderman. There are also invitations to Essie Smith and letters to her niece, Caroliine Mansur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly correspondence of Mary Cabell Smith (nicknamed \"Pie\") from Europe in the 1920's and 1930's, with her parents Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith and Cabell Smith. Other family members include Mary's half sister Laura Butler Moore (\"Muddie\", who died in 1931) and Laura's husband Tom Moore.  Mary Cabell Smith is working as a stenographer and a model for the advertising department of General Motors Continental in Belgian, Brussels. She describes her experiences including seeing Belgian royalty and a visit to the House of Commons in London as well as her enjoyment of working in Brussels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland Davis letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Virginia Conference on Governmental Efficiency,  his political defeat in 1922, and invitations from his wife, Marguerite Davis who is a member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Included is a letter from Thomas G. Burch recommending Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith for state delegate of the National War Savings Committee. There are also Westmoreland Davis campaign brochures, articles and pamphlets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank W. Harrold letter to his father describing an event at the Magdalene College wine supper in which the Duke of Windsor attended the party in 1922. There is also an unsigned note from 1979 that was apparently sent to the Duchess (Wallis Simpson) telling her about the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Parkinson Keyes letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the United Daughters of the Confederacy plans to move the remains of Lee famly members to Lexington, Virginia, the restoration of Arlington House, and efforts to pay tribute to Robert E. Lee by creating a postage stamp. Included are letters from Sophie Carter Richardson, and Colonel Lee (copy). See also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Wightman corresponds with Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith giving her advice on her writing. Included is a manuscript that he edits for her as well as his own signed and printed work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are letters and research about the genealogy of the Wade, Greer and related families including Butler, Holland, Patterson, Coleman, Claiborne, Carter, Pugh, Saunders, Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins from 1793 to 1965 in Rocky Mount, Virginia. There are slave documents  including a list of slave names, court documents, and marriage proposals. Individuals mentioned are John Wilkes Booth, Owen Henry Price, Giles Carter, and Pocahontas. There are also descriptions of Franklin County families and their homes. Included are applications for the United Daughters (and Sons) of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaroline Epperson Mansur photocopies and notes with dates, photographs, and facts regarding the Butler family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from the Butler and Holland families. Included are a list of slaves called \"Names of My Negroes\" and other documents from the nineteenth century. There is also a letter from Benjamin Waldo Butler to Celestia Essie Wade Butler's father asking for her hand in marriage in 1891.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Greer and related family histories including Patterson and Wade, and family doucments. There are also many genealogy inquiries about establishing family lineages for membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. Some correspondents include Mrs. Charles Keesee, N. Claiborne Hale, Lyon G. Tyler, Jr. and Winfield Scott, Commissioner (Bureau of Pensions).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation, articles, and notes about the genealogy of the Greer, Patterson, and Wade families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly genealogy information about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's family and applications for her and her sister into the Daughters of American Colonists through her ancestors Giles Carter and her mother Katherine \"Kitty\" Greer Wade. Also mentioned are the Harrison, Pugh, and Saunders families, Owen Henry Price, John Wilkes Booth, and Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy histories, articles, documents, and information for Greer, Patterson, Wade, and Carter families, applicatons to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy information and records of the Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch of families and Works Progess Administration of Virginia inventories for houses in Franklin County, Pittsylvania County, and Danville, Virginia, including narratives about specific families and their homes.  There are too many to list including the birthplace of Jubal Anderson Early, the Wade family home, the Saunders family at \"Bleak Hill\", the Boone family (relatives of Daniel Boone) at \"Old Mansion\", the Claiborne family at \"Claybrooke\", the Callaway family at \"Ocalusa\" or \"Blackwater Place\", the Greer and Turnbull family home, the Patterson home, and the Hurt family home at \"Oak Knoll\". Also included are membership applications for the Epperson family to join the Colonial Dames of America, The Jamestown Society, and a certificate for membership in the United Daughters of the Confederacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, articles, programs, invitations, speeches, and newspaper clippings related to organizations such as Camp Meade, Martinsville Literary Club, National Society United States Daughters of 1812, Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association (and Gutzon Borglum proposal to create a sculpture), the United Daughters of the Confederacy (including Jubal Anderson Early Chapter), the University of Virginia and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Stratford Hall, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Pocahontas Memorial Association, Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, William and Mary College, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Society, and the Women's Democratic Organization of Virginia. This list is not exclusive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about Robert E. Lee and his family (see also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence), articles by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and correspondence from Edwin Anderson Alderman, Woodrow Wilson (copies), J. Hoge Tyler, George C. Peery, and Westmoreland Davis about speaking engagements. John Wilkes Booth is also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, assignments, memos, information and ephemera related to Camp Meade while Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith worked there in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, invitations, programs, reports, applications, newspaper clippings  related to the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Children of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCelestia Essie Wade Butler Smith address to the Martinsville Literary Club and guided tour of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes by-laws, applications, programs, invitations, and correspondence which is mostly to announce meeting times and events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to the Daughters of the Confederacy, articles, brochures, newspaper clippings and other printed material about Gutzon Borglum sculpting a monument on Stone Mountain honoring Robert E. Lee, Jackson Davis and, Stonewall Jackson. Included are some notes on memories of the Civil War and a famous relative, John Wilkes Booth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted information about Stratford Hall and letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about ways to honor Robert E. Lee and his concerns about avoiding controversy with the government.  Also mentioned is information about removing the remains of Annie Carter Lexington to Lexington, Va. This correspondence is also in Series 1. Correspondence Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and printed materials related to the United Daughters of the Confederacy including meeting minutes from the 1917 22nd Annual Convention. There is correspondence of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and Arlene Walker Harrold about the politics of the Georgia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and their officers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also personal accounts about the Civil War such as, \"Southern Women in the War Between the States\", written by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf interest is a brief mention of Governor of Virginia, Lindsay Almond, and the closing of the schools due to desegregation in 1959. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a photograph of Mrs. James Alexander.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Daughters of the Confederacy and Children of the Confederacy correspondence, programs, and newspaper clippings. Many of the items are related to the family of Mrs. Edward Earl Mansur Jr. (Caroline).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch and articles about Jubal Anderson Early for the United Daughters of the Confederacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, and individuals such as Woodrow Wilson (copy and unsigned), Edwin Anderson Alderman, J. Hoge Tyler, and the governor of Virginia George C. Peery about appointments, speaking engagements, and events. There are also invitations, programs, newspaper clippings, and printed materials inclding a program for the inauguartion Colgate W. Darden, Jr. as president.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and literature about the South from many Virginia and women institutions including the Virginia Division of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Virginia Social Science Association, The Social Recorder of Virginia, Virginia Historical Society, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Confederated Southern Memorial Association, The Pocahantas Memorial Association, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, The Westmoreland Club, William and Mary College, and The Woman's Democratic Organization of Virginia. There are programs honoring Richard Snowden Andrews, Sam Houston, and Edward Virginius Valentine.There is also a speech by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and invitations from Governor Harry F. Byrd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCelestia Essie Wade Butler Smith descriptions of her trip to a historic meeting of the legislature which was honoring Mr. Rockefeller and her attendance at a party at the Governor's mansion with Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers related to the United Confederate Veterans, League of Women Voters, Democratic National Committee, New York Society of Women, Ford Motor Company speech about Robert E. Lee, American Education Foundation, Women's National Radio Committee, National Society Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America, The Southern Society of Washington, Woman's Universal Alliance, Conference on Governmental Efficiency, the League of American PenWomen, Washington Day Committee of North Carolina, and the United States Commission for the Celebration of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith including address books, biographical information, miscellaneous newspaper clippings, photographs, school papers, legal papers, political pins, railroad tickets, and war ration books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes tributes to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and biographical notes,and newspaper clippings about her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Herald Tribune December 24,1939 pictures of the war; The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1922 about the Mecklenburg Declaration by Alexander Graham, The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1896 on the  Woman's Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith include school report cards, teaching certificate, birth and death certificates, last will and testament, and correspondence about the donation of her papers. Also  included are war ration books, political pins, and railroad tickets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutobiographical and fictional stories, notes, poems, and drafts of speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith from 1904 to 1961. Included is a printed copy of a book, \"Roses in December\" by Frances Keyes Parkinson and \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division United Daughters of the Confederacy\" by Essie Smith. There are also many printed programs and playbills from concerts and plays that Mrs. Smith attended on the East Coast. Of interest is an original program from the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\" in 1939.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes autobiographical writing notes about her experiences and drafts of speeches. Topics include Woodrow Wilson, pardon of Frank James, New York, Washington, and Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritings, poems, notes, untitled pages, composition notebooks, and titled stories including \"Lletters of a Vacationist\", \"Peace, Peace, Peace\", \"The Trial of Henry Wirz of Andersonville Prison\", \"Khaki\", \"The Khaki Line\", \"The Ex Perdita\", \"Letters of a Flapper Grandma\", \"The Pioneer Picture\", \"The Autobiography of a Failure\", \"My Road\", \"The Persian Kitty\", \"Bait for Bachelors\", \"Arlington\", \"My Daughter Across the Water\", and \"In A Silence\". Some publishers' correspondence included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures, church and exhibition programs, dictionaries, articles, histories,  maps, menus, and plates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlaybills from the Lyceum Theatre, Winter Garden, Henry Miller's Theatre, Forrest Theatre, St. James Theatre, and the Fulton Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlaybills from the Lyceum Theatre, the National Theatre, Winter Garden, The Music Box, Biltmore Theatre, John Golden Theatre,and the Ethel Barrymore Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlaybills from the Booth Theatre, the Cort Theatre, the Plymouth Theatre, the Windsor Theatre, and the St. James Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Gone With The Wind\" program issued at movie theatres when the movie was released. The program is illustrated and contains narratives by each of the lead actors. Included is a letter from Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith documenting that this program came out with the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Daughters of the Confederacy certificate for Caroline Epperson Mansur, Sons of Confederate Veterans certificates for Peter Saunders, Commonwealth of Virginia certificate delegating Peter Saunder to represent the Commonwealth at the Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia (1932), and Commonwealth of Virginia certificate appointing Peter Saunders Secretary to the Commonwealth (1930). ALso included is a World War II Buy Bonds poster.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Celestia \"Essie\" Wade Butler Smith papers, 1793-2002, 2 cubic feet, consisting of correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy and many other Southern organizations to preserve the Confederacy. She was also involved with the Democratic Party, Womens' rights and genealogy. There are narratives of family histories and eighteen and nineteenth century papers including slave documents. There are also  personal papers, correspondence with other writers and publishers, and drafts of stories and poems by Mrs. Essie Smith. Included are programs from many of the plays and concerts that she attended. Also of interest are letters with her daughter, Mary Cabell Smith, who was working for General Motors Continental in Europe in the 1920's and 1930's.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith personal and business correspondence about her work with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, honoring Southern Confederates, particularly Robert E. Lee, invitations from Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis, and letters with other writers and publishers about her manuscripts and poems. Correspondents include Frances Parkinson Keyes, Sophie Carter Richardson, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Richard Wightman. There are also letters from her daughter Mary Cabell Smith who was working in Europe for General Motors as a stenographer and model in Europe in the 1920's. There is a miscellaneous account of a friend's (Frank Harrold, Jr.) meeting with the Duke of Windsor when he was a young man at a party in America.","Mostly letters from friends about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's activities or her daughter Mary Cabell Smith","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Edward W. Saunders, Captain John J. Crowley, J. E. Harper, Josephus Daniel, Fannie M. Tate, DuBose Heyward, Sophie Carter Richardson (who was corresponding with Eleanor Roosevelt to set up a meeting with the President), Mary Flournoy, William W. LaPoint, Louise Everett Scott, M. Bigelow (Good Housekeeping), Ambassador [Jean Jules] Jusserand, Frederick D.Losey, Paul Green, Maude Merchant, O. O. McIntyre, Gerald W. Johnson, Eleanor White (The Marion Publishing Company), Giles B. Cooke (and photographs), Arthur H. Fox, Herschel Johnson, Mrs. Charles B. Keesee, and Thomas G. Burch.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence about publishing her stories, her work with preserving the Confederacy, including creating ways to honor Robert E. Lee with a memorial postage stamp  and restoration of Arlington House. Correspondents include Frances Keyes Parkinson, James A. Farley, letters to President and Mrs. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt (no signature), Irvin S. Cobb, Claude S. Swanson, Douglas S. Freeman, James A. Parham (The Charlotte Observer), Harry F. Byrd, Andrew J. Montague, Harllee Branch, C. B. Eilenberger, Robert Ramspeck, Clark Howell (The Atlanta Constitution), Mrs. Lyon G. Tyler, Robert F. Hutcheson, Mary D. Flournoy, A. Willis Robertson, Mary Joyner Cox, Pearle J. Guthrie, Herschel Johnson, Gregory J. Lock, Mrs. (Lucy) Charles B. Keesee, Clayton Torrence (Virginia Historical Society), O. P. Chitwood, G. F. Martineau, Ambasador David Bruce, N. Claiborne Hale, Albert H. Pretzfelder (Aladdin Books), Millard K. Bushong University of Richmond), Mrs. Leith Stanley Bremner, Kermit Sloan (The Curtis Publishing Company), Edna H. Fowler, Janet Randolph, Mrs. Leopold M. Bashinsky, and L. S. Hairston.","\"Scrapbook of a Great Grandmother\" containing copies of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith correspondence with or about well known individuals, stories and poems by Essie Smith, and research notes on history, particularly the Confederacy. Correspondents and subjects include Richard Wightman, Alexander Jessup, the Readers Publishing Corporation, Dorothy Gogwell, John Farrar, Paul Green, Elbert Hubbard, Sophie Carter Richardson, J. Hoge Tyler,  Edwin Booth, General John J. Pershing,  and Edwin Anderson Alderman. There are also invitations to Essie Smith and letters to her niece, Caroliine Mansur.","Mostly correspondence of Mary Cabell Smith (nicknamed \"Pie\") from Europe in the 1920's and 1930's, with her parents Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith and Cabell Smith. Other family members include Mary's half sister Laura Butler Moore (\"Muddie\", who died in 1931) and Laura's husband Tom Moore.  Mary Cabell Smith is working as a stenographer and a model for the advertising department of General Motors Continental in Belgian, Brussels. She describes her experiences including seeing Belgian royalty and a visit to the House of Commons in London as well as her enjoyment of working in Brussels.","Westmoreland Davis letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Virginia Conference on Governmental Efficiency,  his political defeat in 1922, and invitations from his wife, Marguerite Davis who is a member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Included is a letter from Thomas G. Burch recommending Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith for state delegate of the National War Savings Committee. There are also Westmoreland Davis campaign brochures, articles and pamphlets.","Frank W. Harrold letter to his father describing an event at the Magdalene College wine supper in which the Duke of Windsor attended the party in 1922. There is also an unsigned note from 1979 that was apparently sent to the Duchess (Wallis Simpson) telling her about the letter.","Frances Parkinson Keyes letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the United Daughters of the Confederacy plans to move the remains of Lee famly members to Lexington, Virginia, the restoration of Arlington House, and efforts to pay tribute to Robert E. Lee by creating a postage stamp. Included are letters from Sophie Carter Richardson, and Colonel Lee (copy). See also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence.","Richard Wightman corresponds with Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith giving her advice on her writing. Included is a manuscript that he edits for her as well as his own signed and printed work.","There are letters and research about the genealogy of the Wade, Greer and related families including Butler, Holland, Patterson, Coleman, Claiborne, Carter, Pugh, Saunders, Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins from 1793 to 1965 in Rocky Mount, Virginia. There are slave documents  including a list of slave names, court documents, and marriage proposals. Individuals mentioned are John Wilkes Booth, Owen Henry Price, Giles Carter, and Pocahontas. There are also descriptions of Franklin County families and their homes. Included are applications for the United Daughters (and Sons) of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.","Caroline Epperson Mansur photocopies and notes with dates, photographs, and facts regarding the Butler family.","Letters from the Butler and Holland families. Included are a list of slaves called \"Names of My Negroes\" and other documents from the nineteenth century. There is also a letter from Benjamin Waldo Butler to Celestia Essie Wade Butler's father asking for her hand in marriage in 1891.","Letters to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith about the Greer and related family histories including Patterson and Wade, and family doucments. There are also many genealogy inquiries about establishing family lineages for membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. Some correspondents include Mrs. Charles Keesee, N. Claiborne Hale, Lyon G. Tyler, Jr. and Winfield Scott, Commissioner (Bureau of Pensions).","Information, articles, and notes about the genealogy of the Greer, Patterson, and Wade families.","Mostly genealogy information about Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith's family and applications for her and her sister into the Daughters of American Colonists through her ancestors Giles Carter and her mother Katherine \"Kitty\" Greer Wade. Also mentioned are the Harrison, Pugh, and Saunders families, Owen Henry Price, John Wilkes Booth, and Pocahontas.","Genealogy histories, articles, documents, and information for Greer, Patterson, Wade, and Carter families, applicatons to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists.","Genealogy information and records of the Epperson, Callaway, Arnold, and Hopkins families.","Research of families and Works Progess Administration of Virginia inventories for houses in Franklin County, Pittsylvania County, and Danville, Virginia, including narratives about specific families and their homes.  There are too many to list including the birthplace of Jubal Anderson Early, the Wade family home, the Saunders family at \"Bleak Hill\", the Boone family (relatives of Daniel Boone) at \"Old Mansion\", the Claiborne family at \"Claybrooke\", the Callaway family at \"Ocalusa\" or \"Blackwater Place\", the Greer and Turnbull family home, the Patterson home, and the Hurt family home at \"Oak Knoll\". Also included are membership applications for the Epperson family to join the Colonial Dames of America, The Jamestown Society, and a certificate for membership in the United Daughters of the Confederacy.","Correspondence, articles, programs, invitations, speeches, and newspaper clippings related to organizations such as Camp Meade, Martinsville Literary Club, National Society United States Daughters of 1812, Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association (and Gutzon Borglum proposal to create a sculpture), the United Daughters of the Confederacy (including Jubal Anderson Early Chapter), the University of Virginia and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Stratford Hall, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Pocahontas Memorial Association, Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, William and Mary College, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Society, and the Women's Democratic Organization of Virginia. This list is not exclusive.","There are also speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about Robert E. Lee and his family (see also Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence), articles by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and correspondence from Edwin Anderson Alderman, Woodrow Wilson (copies), J. Hoge Tyler, George C. Peery, and Westmoreland Davis about speaking engagements. John Wilkes Booth is also mentioned.","Correspondence, assignments, memos, information and ephemera related to Camp Meade while Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith worked there in 1919.","Correspondence, invitations, programs, reports, applications, newspaper clippings  related to the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Children of the American Revolution.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith address to the Martinsville Literary Club and guided tour of Richmond, Virginia.","Includes by-laws, applications, programs, invitations, and correspondence which is mostly to announce meeting times and events.","Letters to the Daughters of the Confederacy, articles, brochures, newspaper clippings and other printed material about Gutzon Borglum sculpting a monument on Stone Mountain honoring Robert E. Lee, Jackson Davis and, Stonewall Jackson. Included are some notes on memories of the Civil War and a famous relative, John Wilkes Booth.","Printed information about Stratford Hall and letters from Sophie Carter Richardson about ways to honor Robert E. Lee and his concerns about avoiding controversy with the government.  Also mentioned is information about removing the remains of Annie Carter Lexington to Lexington, Va. This correspondence is also in Series 1. Correspondence Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith business correspondence).","Correspondence and printed materials related to the United Daughters of the Confederacy including meeting minutes from the 1917 22nd Annual Convention. There is correspondence of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and Arlene Walker Harrold about the politics of the Georgia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and their officers. ","There are also personal accounts about the Civil War such as, \"Southern Women in the War Between the States\", written by Mrs. A. J. Ellis, and others. ","Of interest is a brief mention of Governor of Virginia, Lindsay Almond, and the closing of the schools due to desegregation in 1959. ","There is also a photograph of Mrs. James Alexander.","United Daughters of the Confederacy and Children of the Confederacy correspondence, programs, and newspaper clippings. Many of the items are related to the family of Mrs. Edward Earl Mansur Jr. (Caroline).","Research and articles about Jubal Anderson Early for the United Daughters of the Confederacy.","Correspondence from the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, and individuals such as Woodrow Wilson (copy and unsigned), Edwin Anderson Alderman, J. Hoge Tyler, and the governor of Virginia George C. Peery about appointments, speaking engagements, and events. There are also invitations, programs, newspaper clippings, and printed materials inclding a program for the inauguartion Colgate W. Darden, Jr. as president.","Correspondence and literature about the South from many Virginia and women institutions including the Virginia Division of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Virginia League of Women Voters, Virginia Military Institute, Bull Run Battlefield, Virginia Historical Pageant Association, Virginia Social Science Association, The Social Recorder of Virginia, Virginia Historical Society, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Confederated Southern Memorial Association, The Pocahantas Memorial Association, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, The Westmoreland Club, William and Mary College, and The Woman's Democratic Organization of Virginia. There are programs honoring Richard Snowden Andrews, Sam Houston, and Edward Virginius Valentine.There is also a speech by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and invitations from Governor Harry F. Byrd.","Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith descriptions of her trip to a historic meeting of the legislature which was honoring Mr. Rockefeller and her attendance at a party at the Governor's mansion with Governor and Mrs. Westmoreland Davis.","Papers related to the United Confederate Veterans, League of Women Voters, Democratic National Committee, New York Society of Women, Ford Motor Company speech about Robert E. Lee, American Education Foundation, Women's National Radio Committee, National Society Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America, The Southern Society of Washington, Woman's Universal Alliance, Conference on Governmental Efficiency, the League of American PenWomen, Washington Day Committee of North Carolina, and the United States Commission for the Celebration of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of George Washington.","Personal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith including address books, biographical information, miscellaneous newspaper clippings, photographs, school papers, legal papers, political pins, railroad tickets, and war ration books.","Includes tributes to Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, and biographical notes,and newspaper clippings about her.","The New York Herald Tribune December 24,1939 pictures of the war; The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1922 about the Mecklenburg Declaration by Alexander Graham, The Charlotte Observer May 20, 1896 on the  Woman's Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence.","Personal papers of Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith include school report cards, teaching certificate, birth and death certificates, last will and testament, and correspondence about the donation of her papers. Also  included are war ration books, political pins, and railroad tickets.","Autobiographical and fictional stories, notes, poems, and drafts of speeches by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith from 1904 to 1961. Included is a printed copy of a book, \"Roses in December\" by Frances Keyes Parkinson and \"Forty Years with the Virginia Division United Daughters of the Confederacy\" by Essie Smith. There are also many printed programs and playbills from concerts and plays that Mrs. Smith attended on the East Coast. Of interest is an original program from the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\" in 1939.","Includes autobiographical writing notes about her experiences and drafts of speeches. Topics include Woodrow Wilson, pardon of Frank James, New York, Washington, and Virginia.","There are poems, manuscripts and untitled drafts by Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith, including \"The Scepter of Ahazuerus\", \"The Natural Bridge\", \"Lexington\", \"A Wish\", \"Gathered Rosebuds\", \"The Pictures\", \"The Most Unique Museum in the World\", \"The Return\", \"Drury's Bluff Battle\", \"The Mystery of a Pack of Cards\", \"Your Friend and Mine\", \"Beyond Despair\", \"The Man Who Has Won\", \"The Making of Arms and Ammunition's in the Confederacy\", \"Stars and Heaven\", \"Mystery\", \"A Christmas Wish\", \"The South's Part in Establising the United States\", and \"The House By the Side of the Road\". There are also poems by other individuals including her brother Thomas Greer Wade, Sam Walter Foss, Elizabeth Reid Hill, and Alexander Jessup. There are also a few letters from various publishers.","Writings, poems, notes, untitled pages, composition notebooks, and titled stories including \"Lletters of a Vacationist\", \"Peace, Peace, Peace\", \"The Trial of Henry Wirz of Andersonville Prison\", \"Khaki\", \"The Khaki Line\", \"The Ex Perdita\", \"Letters of a Flapper Grandma\", \"The Pioneer Picture\", \"The Autobiography of a Failure\", \"My Road\", \"The Persian Kitty\", \"Bait for Bachelors\", \"Arlington\", \"My Daughter Across the Water\", and \"In A Silence\". Some publishers' correspondence included.","Brochures, church and exhibition programs, dictionaries, articles, histories,  maps, menus, and plates.","Playbills from the Lyceum Theatre, Winter Garden, Henry Miller's Theatre, Forrest Theatre, St. James Theatre, and the Fulton Theatre.","Playbills from the Lyceum Theatre, the National Theatre, Winter Garden, The Music Box, Biltmore Theatre, John Golden Theatre,and the Ethel Barrymore Theatre.","Playbills from the Booth Theatre, the Cort Theatre, the Plymouth Theatre, the Windsor Theatre, and the St. James Theatre.","\"Gone With The Wind\" program issued at movie theatres when the movie was released. The program is illustrated and contains narratives by each of the lead actors. Included is a letter from Celestia Essie Wade Butler Smith documenting that this program came out with the first release of \"Gone With The Wind\".","United Daughters of the Confederacy certificate for Caroline Epperson Mansur, Sons of Confederate Veterans certificates for Peter Saunders, Commonwealth of Virginia certificate delegating Peter Saunder to represent the Commonwealth at the Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia (1932), and Commonwealth of Virginia certificate appointing Peter Saunders Secretary to the Commonwealth (1930). ALso included is a World War II Buy Bonds poster."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:47:27.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_658_c05_c02"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Writings","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. 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Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration."],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1895-1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":24,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:04:16.472Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4354.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197965","title_ssm":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1893-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354"],"text":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354","Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers","Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","No special access restriction applies.","Margaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" ","Under the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels:  The Poet, Miss Kate , and I  (1905),  The Sowing of Alderson Cree  (1907), and  In Calvert's Valley  (1908).  Linda  (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. ","From 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915.  Closed Doors  (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. ","From 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. ","In  Deep Channel  (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in  Up Eel River  (1928). ","While the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955.","In September 2018, A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows: \nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection.","582, 1110, 1348, 2218","Correspondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.","Includes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.","Correspondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.","Correspondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.","Correspondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.","Also includes publishers correspondence.","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Some of these letters were written while on her European tour.","Includes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.","Mostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include: \n  \"Altars of Earth\" \n  \"At the Fall of the Year\" \n  \"The Baby Angel\" \n  \"The Battlefield\" \n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\" \n  \"Big Music\" \n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page) \n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\" \n  \"Cock Crow\" \n  \"Concerning the Mystery\" \n  \"The Dark Tower\" \n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\" \n  \"The First Breakfast \" \n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\" \n  \"A Good Bargain\" \n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\" \n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\" \n  \"The Kiss at Large\" \n  \"The Last Tenth\" \n  \"The Lucky Lady\" \n  \"North Plays South\" \n  \"Portrait of a Saint\" \n  \"Pretty Gal\" \n  \"The Squirt Gun\" \n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\" \n  \"The Third Rail\" \n  \"To the Unknown People\" \n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\" \n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\" \n  \"Visitors from the Air\" \n  \"The Ways of Providence\" \n  \"What Trouble Is\" \n  \"The Word\" \n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"","Mostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes: \n   Acquiring a Social Conscience \n   At the Long Last \n   Baby and the Steam Shovel \n   Blue Birds for the Blind \n   Christians and Criminals \n   The Closing of the Doors \n   The Danger in Gardens \n   Deliverance  \n   A Dinner of Herbs \n   Do They Bite You \n   Dog's Eye View \n   The Doll-Baby Dresses \n   A Farewell and a Message \n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary \n   The Game \n   The Girl and the Mountains \n   God and a Few Souls \n   The Great Awakener \n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching \n   The Hidden Flame \n   Home to Him's Muvver \n   The Hungry House \n   John Bull at His Window \n   Lee's Old Gray Nag \n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God \n   Lion-In-The-Conversation \n   The Night After Christmas \n   An Offering of Worship \n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States \n   Papa in Soap  \n   Pictures of Englishman \n   Pioneers of Silence \n   In Praise of Machines \n   Prayer for the World \n   The Rally For Death \n   Shingles from an Old Roof \n   Sister Water \n   Squints \n   Some Lesser Loves \n   Tangier \n   Thoughts \n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure \n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor \n   To the Women of America \n   A Tribute of Praise \n   Waifie \n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour \n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off \n   The Women's Moment","Typescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"","Includes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.","Mostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026M 1152.","Two typescripts of unpublished novel,  The Answer,  (also called  Life and Hands ?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including: \n The Answer Is… \n Beauty of the Earth \n Belief in Billy \n Brains, Brawn, and Something More \n Catching Stride with One's Self \n The Christmas Gift \n Closed Doors \n Danger in Gardens \n The Dogwood Road \n The Door Keeper \n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question \n Ecstasy \n Education for Life \n The Engagement  \n Fiction and New York \n Fire \n For Age on Age  \n For France \n The Forgiveness of Sins \n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories \n The Gift  \n The Gift of Herself \n A Good Bedside Manner \n Great Adventure \n Hidden Portals \n The Hound of Heaven \n I Must Confess \n The Impending Fate \n The Inexorable Master \n The Intoxication of Danger \n The King's Letter \n The Lady Agriculturist \n Leaves From a Secrete Journal \n Let's Save the World \n The Little Comrade \n Looking at Life \n The Lost Love \n Loving His Brother \n The Millions Inherit Kitty \n A Million Little Colorless Women \n The Negro Sense of Humor \n O Muse! \n O Theophilus \n On Brick Walls \n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation \n On Flowers \n On Saying Sara \n On Voyages of Discovery \n Once I Was A Water Lilly \n Out Burst \n The Old Man of the Sea \n The Other Truth \n The Pulse of the World \n Salvation for the Magazines \n The Seeing Eye \n Studies on Loneliness  \n Temper or Temperature \n This is the Day \n The Three Swords \n Thus Spake Zarathustra \n To Miss Mary Jefferies \n To Recommend Edward Imagination \n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?] \n Understanding Algernon \n The Unexpectedness of God \n Up Eel River \n The Victoria \n A Travel Story \n Wings of the Morning \n White Hollyhock","Includes outlines and plots for the following novels: \nA Call for Volunteers \nThe Alabaster Box \nThe Builder \nThe Curse \nMoney","Includes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays: \nElizabeth \nHome \nThe Spell","Includes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.","Includes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more:  \n  Box 10.  \n   Diary, 1906, 1927 \n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe) \n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication) \n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake) \n   Diary, 1929-1933 \n   Diary, Meditation, 1929 \n   Guidance record, 1929 \n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944 \n   Diary, 1936-1940 \n  Box 11: \n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\") \n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences) \n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations) \n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots) \n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts) \n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations) \n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind) \n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters) \n   Notes for lectures, 1927 \n  Box 17: \n   Diary with notes on flowers \n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes \n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026M 1169) \n   Notebook, undated \n   Notebook, undated \n   Miscellaneous Notes","Includes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)","Includes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.","Includes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"","Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creators_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.5 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 5 3/4 in. (14 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["6.5 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 5 3/4 in. (14 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels: \u003ctitle\u003eThe Poet, Miss Kate , and I\u003c/title\u003e (1905), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Sowing of Alderson Cree\u003c/title\u003e (1907), and \u003ctitle\u003eIn Calvert's Valley\u003c/title\u003e (1908). \u003ctitle\u003eLinda\u003c/title\u003e (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915. \u003ctitle\u003eClosed Doors\u003c/title\u003e (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ctitle\u003eDeep Channel\u003c/title\u003e (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in \u003ctitle\u003eUp Eel River\u003c/title\u003e (1928). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" ","Under the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels:  The Poet, Miss Kate , and I  (1905),  The Sowing of Alderson Cree  (1907), and  In Calvert's Valley  (1908).  Linda  (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. ","From 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915.  Closed Doors  (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. ","From 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. ","In  Deep Channel  (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in  Up Eel River  (1928). ","While the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1110, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers, A\u0026M 1110, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn September 2018, A\u0026amp;M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026amp;M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026amp;M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In September 2018, A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows: \nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e582, 1110, 1348, 2218\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["582, 1110, 1348, 2218"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes publishers correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. E. A. Alderman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Antin\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIrving Bacheller\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBernard M. Baruch\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGamaliel Bradford\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMilledge L. Bonham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGlenn Clark\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick Perry Fish\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nM.A. DeWolfe Howe\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBasil King\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Johnson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRufus M. Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHoward M. Gore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGardiner Martin Lane \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nVachel Lindsay \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEdward W. Osborne \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Dreier Robins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLaura E. Richards \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nStuart Pratt Sherman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJoseph P. Tumulty \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Southall Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWoodrow Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSimon Wolf \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Elwood Worcester \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOwen D. Young \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSir. Francis Younghusband\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. E. A. Alderman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Antin\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIrving Bacheller\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBernard M. Baruch\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGamaliel Bradford\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMilledge L. Bonham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGlenn Clark\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick Perry Fish\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nM.A. DeWolfe Howe\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBasil King\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Johnson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRufus M. Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHoward M. Gore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGardiner Martin Lane \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nVachel Lindsay \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEdward W. Osborne \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Dreier Robins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLaura E. Richards \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nStuart Pratt Sherman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJoseph P. Tumulty \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Southall Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWoodrow Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSimon Wolf \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Elwood Worcester \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOwen D. Young \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSir. Francis Younghusband\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these letters were written while on her European tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Altars of Earth\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"At the Fall of the Year\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Baby Angel\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Battlefield\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Big Music\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Cock Crow\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Concerning the Mystery\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Dark Tower\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The First Breakfast \"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"A Good Bargain\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Kiss at Large\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Last Tenth\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Lucky Lady\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"North Plays South\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Portrait of a Saint\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Pretty Gal\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Squirt Gun\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Third Rail\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"To the Unknown People\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Visitors from the Air\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Ways of Providence\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"What Trouble Is\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Word\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Acquiring a Social Conscience\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   At the Long Last\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Baby and the Steam Shovel\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Blue Birds for the Blind\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Christians and Criminals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Closing of the Doors\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Danger in Gardens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Deliverance \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Dinner of Herbs\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Do They Bite You\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Dog's Eye View\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Doll-Baby Dresses\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Farewell and a Message\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Game\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Girl and the Mountains\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   God and a Few Souls\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Great Awakener\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Hidden Flame\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Home to Him's Muvver\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Hungry House\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   John Bull at His Window\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Lee's Old Gray Nag\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Lion-In-The-Conversation\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Night After Christmas\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   An Offering of Worship\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Papa in Soap \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Pictures of Englishman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Pioneers of Silence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   In Praise of Machines\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Prayer for the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Rally For Death\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Shingles from an Old Roof\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Sister Water\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Squints\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Some Lesser Loves\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Tangier\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Thoughts\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   To the Women of America\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Tribute of Praise\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Waifie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Women's Moment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo typescripts of unpublished novel, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Answer,\u003c/title\u003e (also called \u003ctitle\u003eLife and Hands\u003c/title\u003e?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Answer Is…\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Beauty of the Earth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Belief in Billy\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Brains, Brawn, and Something More\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Catching Stride with One's Self\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Christmas Gift\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Closed Doors\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Danger in Gardens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Dogwood Road\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Door Keeper\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Ecstasy\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Education for Life\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Engagement \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Fiction and New York\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Fire\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n For Age on Age \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n For France\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Forgiveness of Sins\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gift \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gift of Herself\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Good Bedside Manner\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Great Adventure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Hidden Portals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Hound of Heaven\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n I Must Confess\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Impending Fate\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Inexorable Master\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Intoxication of Danger\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The King's Letter\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Lady Agriculturist\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Leaves From a Secrete Journal\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Let's Save the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Little Comrade\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Looking at Life\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Lost Love\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Loving His Brother\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Millions Inherit Kitty\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Million Little Colorless Women\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Negro Sense of Humor\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n O Muse!\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n O Theophilus\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Brick Walls\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Flowers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Saying Sara\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Voyages of Discovery\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Once I Was A Water Lilly\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Out Burst\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Old Man of the Sea\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Other Truth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Pulse of the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Salvation for the Magazines\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Seeing Eye\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Studies on Loneliness \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Temper or Temperature\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n This is the Day\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Three Swords\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Thus Spake Zarathustra\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n To Miss Mary Jefferies\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n To Recommend Edward Imagination\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?]\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Understanding Algernon\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Unexpectedness of God\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Up Eel River\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Victoria\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Travel Story\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Wings of the Morning\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n White Hollyhock\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines and plots for the following novels:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA Call for Volunteers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Alabaster Box\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Builder\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Curse\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMoney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nElizabeth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHome\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Spell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 10. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1906, 1927\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1929-1933\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, Meditation, 1929\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Guidance record, 1929\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1936-1940\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 11:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\")\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notes for lectures, 1927\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 17:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary with notes on flowers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026amp;M 1169)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Miscellaneous Notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.","Includes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.","Correspondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.","Correspondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.","Correspondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.","Also includes publishers correspondence.","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Some of these letters were written while on her European tour.","Includes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.","Mostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include: \n  \"Altars of Earth\" \n  \"At the Fall of the Year\" \n  \"The Baby Angel\" \n  \"The Battlefield\" \n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\" \n  \"Big Music\" \n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page) \n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\" \n  \"Cock Crow\" \n  \"Concerning the Mystery\" \n  \"The Dark Tower\" \n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\" \n  \"The First Breakfast \" \n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\" \n  \"A Good Bargain\" \n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\" \n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\" \n  \"The Kiss at Large\" \n  \"The Last Tenth\" \n  \"The Lucky Lady\" \n  \"North Plays South\" \n  \"Portrait of a Saint\" \n  \"Pretty Gal\" \n  \"The Squirt Gun\" \n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\" \n  \"The Third Rail\" \n  \"To the Unknown People\" \n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\" \n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\" \n  \"Visitors from the Air\" \n  \"The Ways of Providence\" \n  \"What Trouble Is\" \n  \"The Word\" \n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"","Mostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes: \n   Acquiring a Social Conscience \n   At the Long Last \n   Baby and the Steam Shovel \n   Blue Birds for the Blind \n   Christians and Criminals \n   The Closing of the Doors \n   The Danger in Gardens \n   Deliverance  \n   A Dinner of Herbs \n   Do They Bite You \n   Dog's Eye View \n   The Doll-Baby Dresses \n   A Farewell and a Message \n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary \n   The Game \n   The Girl and the Mountains \n   God and a Few Souls \n   The Great Awakener \n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching \n   The Hidden Flame \n   Home to Him's Muvver \n   The Hungry House \n   John Bull at His Window \n   Lee's Old Gray Nag \n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God \n   Lion-In-The-Conversation \n   The Night After Christmas \n   An Offering of Worship \n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States \n   Papa in Soap  \n   Pictures of Englishman \n   Pioneers of Silence \n   In Praise of Machines \n   Prayer for the World \n   The Rally For Death \n   Shingles from an Old Roof \n   Sister Water \n   Squints \n   Some Lesser Loves \n   Tangier \n   Thoughts \n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure \n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor \n   To the Women of America \n   A Tribute of Praise \n   Waifie \n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour \n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off \n   The Women's Moment","Typescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"","Includes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.","Mostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026M 1152.","Two typescripts of unpublished novel,  The Answer,  (also called  Life and Hands ?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including: \n The Answer Is… \n Beauty of the Earth \n Belief in Billy \n Brains, Brawn, and Something More \n Catching Stride with One's Self \n The Christmas Gift \n Closed Doors \n Danger in Gardens \n The Dogwood Road \n The Door Keeper \n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question \n Ecstasy \n Education for Life \n The Engagement  \n Fiction and New York \n Fire \n For Age on Age  \n For France \n The Forgiveness of Sins \n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories \n The Gift  \n The Gift of Herself \n A Good Bedside Manner \n Great Adventure \n Hidden Portals \n The Hound of Heaven \n I Must Confess \n The Impending Fate \n The Inexorable Master \n The Intoxication of Danger \n The King's Letter \n The Lady Agriculturist \n Leaves From a Secrete Journal \n Let's Save the World \n The Little Comrade \n Looking at Life \n The Lost Love \n Loving His Brother \n The Millions Inherit Kitty \n A Million Little Colorless Women \n The Negro Sense of Humor \n O Muse! \n O Theophilus \n On Brick Walls \n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation \n On Flowers \n On Saying Sara \n On Voyages of Discovery \n Once I Was A Water Lilly \n Out Burst \n The Old Man of the Sea \n The Other Truth \n The Pulse of the World \n Salvation for the Magazines \n The Seeing Eye \n Studies on Loneliness  \n Temper or Temperature \n This is the Day \n The Three Swords \n Thus Spake Zarathustra \n To Miss Mary Jefferies \n To Recommend Edward Imagination \n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?] \n Understanding Algernon \n The Unexpectedness of God \n Up Eel River \n The Victoria \n A Travel Story \n Wings of the Morning \n White Hollyhock","Includes outlines and plots for the following novels: \nA Call for Volunteers \nThe Alabaster Box \nThe Builder \nThe Curse \nMoney","Includes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays: \nElizabeth \nHome \nThe Spell","Includes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.","Includes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more:  \n  Box 10.  \n   Diary, 1906, 1927 \n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe) \n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication) \n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake) \n   Diary, 1929-1933 \n   Diary, Meditation, 1929 \n   Guidance record, 1929 \n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944 \n   Diary, 1936-1940 \n  Box 11: \n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\") \n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences) \n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations) \n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots) \n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts) \n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations) \n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind) \n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters) \n   Notes for lectures, 1927 \n  Box 17: \n   Diary with notes on flowers \n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes \n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026M 1169) \n   Notebook, undated \n   Notebook, undated \n   Miscellaneous Notes","Includes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)","Includes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.","Includes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"","Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8b42e6de2210918dc1ac2b4ded264e77\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"persname_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:04:16.472Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c02"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":226},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":3371},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":18},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":619},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":75},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":889},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":16},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":106},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":548},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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