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Gerow papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"text":["Leonard T. Gerow papers","Appointment book","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Appointment books","English","box 1","Folder 1A","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions."],"title_filing_ssi":"Appointment book","title_ssm":["Appointment book"],"title_tesim":["Appointment book"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Appointment book"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":51,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Appointment books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Appointment books"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","Folder 1A"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAppointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:38.121Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_592.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00009.xml","title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1911-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"text":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592","Leonard T. Gerow papers","United States. Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc.","There are no restrictions.","1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.","July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke ","The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0100","/repositories/3/resources/592"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"creators_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. 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Army—Officers—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1911","Generals—United States—Biography","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945—Campaigns—Europe","Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 120 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Military records","Correspondence","Photographs","Speeches, Addresses, etc."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1888 July 13\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eBorn in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eGraduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1911-1918\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1918 April-1919 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eSignal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1919-1921\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eCommanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1921-1941 December\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eServed in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931).\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1941 December-1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 February\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1942 October 29\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDivision to England.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1943 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eNamed Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 January 15\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1945 October\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eReturned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1948 January\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAssumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1950 July 31\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eRetired as a Lieutenant General.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1954 July\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eAppointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n      \u003cchronitem\u003e\n        \u003cdate\u003e1972 October 12\u003c/date\u003e\n        \u003ceventgrp\u003e\n          \u003cevent\u003eDied at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/event\u003e\n        \u003c/eventgrp\u003e\n      \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n    \u003c/chronlist\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["1888 July 13 Born in Petersburg, Virginia to Leonard Rogers Gerow and Annie Eloise Saunders. 1911 Graduated from VMI and commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the United States Army. 1911-1918 Served with 19th Infantry and subsequently the 37th and 57th Infantry. Stationed in Kansas, South Dakota, Texas, and Vera Cruz, Mexico. 1918 April-1919 October Signal Corps Officer, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), France. Officer in charge of purchasing and disbursing. 1919-1921 Commanding Officer, Signal Corps School, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. 1921-1941 December Served in Washington D.C., the Philippines, and China. During this period, Gerow graduated from the Advanced Course, Infantry School, Fort Benning (1925), the Command and General Staff School (1926), and the Army War College (1931). 1941 December-1942 February Named Chief of War Plans Division and Assistant Chief of Staff. 1942 February Named Commander of the 29th Infantry Division, Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1942 October 29 Division to England. 1943 July Named Commanding General, Fifth (V) Corps. 1945 January 15 Assumed command of the Fifteenth Army, European Theater. 1945 October Returned to the United States and was assigned as Commandant of the Command and General Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 1948 January Assumed command of the Second Army, with headquarters at Fort George Meade, Maryland. 1950 July 31 Retired as a Lieutenant General. 1954 July Appointed as a four-star General by an act of Congress. 1972 October 12 Died at age 84 in Fort Lee Army Hospital, Petersburg, Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJuly 28, 1941\u003cbr\u003e\nColonel D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nChief of Staff, III Army,\u003cbr\u003e\nSmith-Young Tower,\u003cbr\u003e\nSan Antonio, Texas \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWashington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWould liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both.\u003cbr\u003e\nDevotedly,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort George Meade, Maryland\u003cbr\u003e\n1942 April 19\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General D. D. Eisenhower,\u003cbr\u003e\nOperations Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nWar Department General Staff,\u003cbr\u003e\nMunitions Building, Washington DC \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMy division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWill be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeadquarters\u003cbr\u003e\nEuropean Theater of Operations\u003cbr\u003e\nUnited States Army\u003cbr\u003e \n16 July, 1942. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eScrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise.\u003cbr\u003e\nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMajor General Leonard T. Gerow,\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding 29th Division,\u003cbr\u003e\nA.P.O. No. 29,\u003cbr\u003e\nFredericksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 February 1943 \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Ike:\u003cbr\u003e\nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBest of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS\u003cbr\u003e\nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief\u003cbr\u003e \n24 February, 1943. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDear Gee:\u003cbr\u003e\nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eYour letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever,\u003cbr\u003e\nIke \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["July 28, 1941 \nColonel D. D. Eisenhower, \nChief of Staff, III Army, \nSmith-Young Tower, \nSan Antonio, Texas ","Dear Ike:  \nI have been so darn busy that I have not told you how delighted I am over your new assignment. I am not in on the \"makes\" but I feel sure your name will be on the next list of B.G.'s. You have certainly earned such recognition.","Washington is a madhouse as usual. First the Russo situation made us do some fast thinking and long-range estimating. I do not think that the Germans are moving as fast as they expected to, but in my opinion they will lick the Russians before winter sets in. Wish it could be otherwise. ","Would liked to have kept the Japs quiescent for a few months longer but they had \"ants in their pants\" and just had to move somewhere. Indo-China looked like a cripple so they walked in. I rather doubt that they will move south and feel that they will sit tight in the north until Germany trims Russia. \nEven our brothers in South America seem to be bitten by the war bug. Ecuador and Peru caused us a little extra work over the week end. Of course, the Axis powers are back of most of these disturbances. ","My health is fine and I hope to keep it so. Exercise is limited to occasional golf on Sunday. I would like to have more time outdoors. We limit our social activities to official affairs. I am too old to work all day and then play all night.","Mary Louise joins me in love to Mamie and yourself. I would love to see you both. \nDevotedly,","Fort George Meade, Maryland \n1942 April 19","Major General D. D. Eisenhower, \nOperations Division, \nWar Department General Staff, \nMunitions Building, Washington DC ","Dear Ike: \nThis is a long delayed note of congratulations on your promotion. I did not know of it until Mamie told me the day she was out here. As a matter of fact, I was so sure of it coming through very shortly that I had considered the appointment as actually made. The third star is just a matter of a few months, No one will be happier than I when you pin it on. ","My division is moving to A. P. Hill in echelons. One regiment left this morning, and the remainder of the division will complete its concentration next week. The Command Post will close here at noon on April 21st. All preparations have been made at A. P. Hill. ","I am still like a child with a new toy, and feel that I am really accomplished something. Have lost about ten pounds and feel fine. A. P. Hill will give us a wonderful opportunity to get in some real field training. If the War Department will stop stealing my units, personnel and equipment, this Division will be ready to go places by the end of July.","Hope you are not working too hard. Judging from the newspapers, the situation, except in Burma and the Indian Ocean, is not so bad. I chuckle about the press reports I see concerning command in the Southwest Pacific. The underground story must be good. ","Will be seeing you soon. Best of love to Mamie and yourself. \nFrom,","Headquarters \nEuropean Theater of Operations \nUnited States Army  \n16 July, 1942. ","Dear Gee, \nYour letter of July 6th arrived today. You are quite right about the speed with which I moved during the last few days I was in Washington. When I got on the plane, it was only by the grace of God and with the help of the entire Operations Division, that I had any baggage whatsoever.","I knew, of course, that when I got a letter from you it would contain all the nice things you had to say about my appointment here. Better than that, I knew that in your case they would be honest and sincere. In return, I can only any that there is, as you know, no one else in the whole army whose good opinion means so much to me as yours. I hope also that you will not for one minute, believe that you are stymied in division command. While anyone commanding one of our divisions has a man-sized job and need not be bothering his head about anything else, the fact is that you are so eminently fitted for the highest commands that they will never be able to let you stay there long. My visits here merely bear out the conviction you and I have held for many years, that corps, army, and even higher commanders, have to be relatively young men. ","Another thing I have noted in going about here, that two things which cannot be over-emphasized are, physical condition of the men, and skill in handling motor transportation. The other day I ran into a division which had just completed ninety miles in three days. It was in fine shape, and it was easy to see that those Britishers were exceedingly proud of what they had done. On the other hand, I do not believe they have made as great advances in handling motor transport as we have. The problem of having it when you want it, using it as you need it, and then getting it out of the way when you don't want it, is really something to solve. ","I sincerely hope that your division will get the men and equipment it needs, and then be left alone under your guidance. It they do that, it will be a top-flight outfit and I should be proud to have it here. Which reminds me that I have not looked up to see whether we are asking for divisions by name or merely by total number - I'll have to find out about that. Since you wrote, the powers-that-be have given me a promotion. I'm quite well aware that this does not put any more brains into my thick skull, but it is noticeable that it helps considerably in dealing with the British officers, particularly here in London where much of my work is with the War Office, the Chief of Air Force and so on. Also it places, in the eyes of the British, a certain War Department stamp of approval upon me, thus allowing me to speak in a little louder voice in some of our meetings. I have been quite astonished to find that these people do not seem to resent my frequently fluent flow of Western Kansas profanity. In fact they seem to like it. ","Scrappy is doing a good job in the 5th Corps and has two fine Division Commanders, Ward and Ryder. Just today he at last got rid of an unsatisfactory Chief of Staff, and I feel very content with the progress in that sector. J.C.H. Lee is doing well with the S.O.S., and Spaatz with the Air Force. I sincerely hope that soon you will bring your division over here, although I suspect it will be a corps rather than a division that you bring. ","With best of luck and much love to Mary-Louise. \nAs ever, \nIke ","Major General Leonard T. Gerow, \nCommanding 29th Division, \nA.P.O. No. 29, \nFredericksburg, Va.","15 February 1943 ","Dear Ike: \nJust a note to tell you how delighted I am over your four-star promotion. I know of no one in our service who has done as much to merit such recognition, or who is as well qualified for the job as you are. You have carried out a most difficult assignment in an outstanding manner in spite of many obstacles, both political and military. Most of my news is gathered from the press, but knowing something of such matters I have been able to read between the lines. ","Hartle very kindly let me have a copy of your secret letter, dated January 15th, on training. It is absolutely in accord with my own views on the subject, and just what I have been trying to accomplish in this division. It takes all one's drive and energy to get the real picture down to the Grade 7 soldier. I find inertia and a lack of appreciation of real warfare in all echelons of command, and my most difficult job has been to educate and build up enthusiasm in subordinate commanders. When I can reach the soldier direct, I get an immediate and intelligent response. With due regard to secrecy, I am personally reading your letter to all officers of the division in the hope and belief that it will drive home to them the seriousness of this game and the necessity of perfection in all details. ","I shall miss Everett on my infrequent trips to London. In addition to the help he gave me in supply matters, my talks with him always boosted my morale and sent me back to the country with a new lease on life. I am glad you have him with you. He is loyal, unselfish and sound. Lean on him. Give him my best. ","Best of luck and every good wish for future successes. I am proud of you. Don't bother to answer this. I know how busy you are.","ALLIED FORCE HEADQUARTERS \nOffice of the Commander-in-Chief  \n24 February, 1943. ","Dear Gee: \nI could never be too busy to answer such a letter as your latest one to me. Of all the oongratulations and felicitations that I have received on this latest promotion yours, more than in any other case, I know to be absolutely sincere and disinterested. I especially appreciate your sentiments because I can never get over the feeling, one that I have held ever since I made Second Lieutenant, that in every respect you have deserved recognition far above myself. If, therefore, I felt that personal fortune and promotion had any slightest importance in this war, I should have to feel almost regretful that such a distinction came to me instead of to you. But you must know, as well as I do, that certain fortuitous circumstances, more than any indication of peculiar merit, were responsible for my advancement.","The letter I wrote to Hartle on training was from my heart. Moreover, it is not nearly as strong in its language as I would like to make it. I got back this morning from the battlefront. I wish that every Division Commander in the United States Army could go up there right now and see the consequences, the appalling consequences, of failure to achieve in advance some measure of battlefield discipline, to teach his men the essentials of scouting, patrolling and security, to insist upon initiative on the part of every leader from Corporal up, and finally to harden his men to the point that the physique of man can achieve no more. After the first few days our men did splendidly but in those first few we paid a big price. We have the greatest material in the world but our men meat learn what a serious business this is, they must know that their own lives depend upon the thoroughness with which they learn the lessons taught, and officers that fail to devote themselves completely and exclusively to the task must be ruthlessly weeded out. Considerations of friendship, family, kindliness and nice personality have nothing whatever to do with the problem. We owe it to the service to which we belong and certainly we owe it to the men, whose lives depend upon the energy, keenness and thoroughness that we display. ","I feel so strongly on this subject that I could write reams. It is enough to say that yours is one division in which I know that everything that one man can do will be done. The only thing on which I would venture to give the slightest advice is that you must be tough. You may not be able to discover among your men those that will be the best battle leaders, but you can find those who are this minute endangering the battle success of your whole command. They are the lazy, the slothful, the indifferent or the complacent. Get rid of them if you have to write letters the rest of your life. Special subjects I would bring to your attention are mine detection, the use of land mines in defense, thorough training in every possible means of anti-tank defense, and in defense against low-flying aircraft. Ground troops themselves must provide their own protection against the dive-bomber. The 50 caliber and rifle fire must be used. Insist that your men get under cover and start a volume of well directed fire into the air. If you don't, in their first battle they will be demoralized, an easy prey to the enemy's infantry and tanks that may come along even in inconsequential numbers. Battle casualties among personnel from the dive-bomber are almost nil, but their moral effect is tremendous. Your truck and vehicle discipline must be perfect; otherwise the enemy's aircraft will knock out 40 or 50 at a whack. That is a sad sight to see along the road when you realize how much shipping space you gave up to bring those same trucks thousands of miles across the ocean. For God's sake don't keep anybody around that you say to yourself \"He may get by\"--he won't. Throw him out and I am sure that your Theater Commander, knowing the deadly seriousness of all this, will back you up to the hilt. ","Your letters are always a treat. Write me again when you have the chance, and again many thanks for the thoughtfulness of your note. \nAs ever, \nIke "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Leonard T. Gerow papers, 1911-1970. MS 0100. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards military missions and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards the end of the Combined Command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards general news and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Leonard T. Gerow papers consist of documents and photographs (approximately 120 items) from the military career of United States Army General Gerow. The collection includes correspondence with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, autobiographical material, speeches (1945 to 1948), and photographs. Material complementary to this collection is in Gerow's student/alumni file, which is located in the VMI Archives.","Letter states that Leonard T. Gerow needs Dwight D. Eisenhower in the War Plans Division.","In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow withdraws his request for Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"detail to\" the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. The letter expresses Leonard T. Gerow's regret that Dwight D. Eisenhower will not be assigned to the War Plans Division.","Written from Fort Lewis, Washington. In the letter, Leonard T. Gerow asks Dwight D. Eisenhower if he would like to come to Washington as his executive or remain as Chief of Staff.","In the telegram, Dwight D. Eisenhower states that it is \"unwise to leave Lewis in the near future.\"","Written from San Antonio, Texas. The letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's orders to Lewis, current staffing, and family matters.","Letter regards news of the War, matters in Washington, D.C., and Leonard T. Gerow's health.","The letter reads \"congratulations and all good wishes from us both.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his promotion and regards the current status of the War Department.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment. Letter also mentions that Leonard T. Gerow's division is moving to \"Carolina for two months\" maneuver.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment and day-to-day activities.","Letter regards military missions and family news.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on North African operations.","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his four-star promotion and mentions a \"secret letter\" on training.","Letter regards the importance of training and Dwight D. Eisenhower's military-related advice to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards news of the War and a recent trip taken by Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's recent promotion. Letter also congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"continued success.\"","Letter congratulates Dwight D. Eisenhower on his \"grand victory.\" Letter also contains an enclosure (dated September 9, 1943) from General Sir Hugh Ellis to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for his congratulations and provides general news of the War.","Letter regards a recent trip taken by Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards a package of cheese and mentions the capture of Cherbourg, France.","Letter regards general news of the War.","Letter thanks Leonard T. Gerow for lunch and mentions having Gerow visit soon.","Letter encloses a copy of a strategic military idea proposed by Donald C. Smick, a solider under Dwight D. Eisenhower.","Letter regards the end of the Combined Command.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement party.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow's retirement.","Letter regards general news and greetings.","In the letter Dwight D. Eisenhower wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy anniversary.","Letter regards a recent trip to Virginia.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter regards Leonard T. Gerow serving as Grand Marshal of the Inaugural Parade.","Letter regards Dwight D. Eisenhower's new position.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter invites Leonard T. Gerow to a dinner on June 24, 1954. Also included is a list of dinner guests and notes about the evening.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow and his wife.","Letter is an invitation to the Inagural ceremonies.","Letter invites Letter Leonard T. Gerow and his wife to sit in the Reviewing Stand for the Inaugural Parade.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter wishes Leonard T. Gerow a happy birthday.","Letter is a personal greeting to Leonard T. Gerow.","Letter mentions D-Day and expresses gratitude for Leonard T. Gerow.","Appointment book contains very brief entries noting assignments and promotions.","Map of Normandy beachhead, 33.5 inches x 40 inches, labeled \"Operation Map of the V Corps Attack and landing on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France, 6 June 1944. This map was carried ashore on D-Day by Lt. General L. T. Gerow, then Major General and Commander of the V Corps, VMI Class of 1911.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8eb12fec65a1af7204756d6b8993ac64\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"persname_ssim":["Gerow, Leonard T. (Leonard Townsend), 1888-1972","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:09:38.121Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_592_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Architectural drawings","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995 \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030_c03","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1030"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1030"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"text":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records","Architectural drawings","English","This collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Dates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  ","This series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field."],"title_filing_ssi":"Architectural drawings","title_ssm":["Architectural drawings"],"title_tesim":["Architectural drawings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-2012, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Architectural drawings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"extent_ssm":["1482 items 1,482 square tube boxes","278.616 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1482 items 1,482 square tube boxes","278.616 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["estimated cubic footage."],"dimensions_tesim":["3 X 3 X 36 "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":9,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Folder 93 (drawings for Commission No. 15400) is a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.","To view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.","After viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"language_ssim":["English"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  ","This series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-28T16:05:34.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1030","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1030.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121246","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Charles M. and Principals Architectural Records","title_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1855-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030"],"text":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030","Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records","Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings","This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Folder 93 (drawings for Commission No. 15400) is a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.","To view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.","After viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder.","This collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Due the physical condition of this item, it is housed in a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.","To view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.","After viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder.","The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. ","Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/","CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23","The commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"John W. Daniel School, Newport News Schools, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related.","The commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"Eastville High School, Northampton County, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related.","The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. ","Dates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  ","This series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field.","This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson","Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. Ruffin","John Binford Walford","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16518","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1030"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"collection_ssim":["Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from David Robinson, 2021-03-31"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Designs and plans","Architecture, Domestic -- Designs and plans.","Architects and community -- Virginia.","Architects -- Virginia.","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"extent_tesim":["278.62 Cubic Feet 1768 rolls of architectural drawings housed in 1458 tube boxes, 4 tube rolls, 93 oversized flat file folders, and 2 oversized flat boxes. 11 legal document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, and 9 oversized flat folders of records"],"genreform_ssim":["Blueprints (reprographic copies)","architectural drawings (visual works)","design drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFolder 93 (drawings for Commission No. 15400) is a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue the physical condition of this item, it is housed in a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Physical Access","Conditions Governing Access","Physical Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research.","Some of the architectural works are brittle or torn and need to be handled delicately.","Photographic materials need to be handled with proper gloves.","Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Folder 93 (drawings for Commission No. 15400) is a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.","To view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.","After viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder.","This collection has been minimally processed and is available for research. Please note, part of this collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Requests for materials housed at Ivy Stacks require at least 72 hours' notice.","Due the physical condition of this item, it is housed in a custom made oversized folder made from stiff board, and requires specific handling instructions. These instructions are also found on the folder.","To view the drawings untie the knots of the ribbons found on the sides of the folder. After opening the folder, untie knotted ribbon that holds the interior board in place, and then remove the board.","After viewing, place the interior board white side down on top of the curled edge before closing the folder to prevent the blueprint from curling. Then tie horizontal ribbon so the interior board sandwiches the blueprints tightly. Please make sure the blueprint doesn't curl on itself before closing the top flap. Finally, tie the exterior ribbons at the sides of the folder."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four main series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four main series: ","Series 1 - Charles M. Robinson records, 1978, 2020, undated","Series 2 -  Office records, 1935-1992, undated","Series 3 - Architectural drawings, 1907-2012","Series 4 - Project photograph files, 1855-1999, undated","Series 2 and 4 are further arranged into large files, and Series 3 is arranged first into subseries, then into files.","The files in Series 2, Office records, are arranged accoring to the significance of the documents to the firm's operations.","In Series 3, Architectural drawings, the subseries are named after each decade, beginning with 1900s and ending with the 2010s. The files below these subseries are project titles arranged in general chronological order grouped together by year.","The files in Series 4, Project photograph files, are arranged alphabetically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eCharles Morrison Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e was born on \u003cdate\u003eMarch 3, 1867\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eHamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. He was the eldest son of \u003coccupation\u003earchitect\u003c/occupation\u003e and builder \u003cpersname\u003eJames T. Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e and \u003cpersname\u003eElizabeth Crockett Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e. His family relocated to \u003cgeogname\u003eWelland, Ontario\u003c/geogname\u003e, where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under \u003cpersname\u003eD.S. Hopkins\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eGrand Rapids, Michigan\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn K. Peebles\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003ePittsburgh, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. In \u003cdate\u003e1889\u003c/date\u003e, he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026amp; Robinson—in \u003cgeogname\u003eAltoona, Pennsylvania\u003c/geogname\u003e. He married \u003cpersname\u003eAnnie Custer\u003c/persname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1891\u003c/date\u003e, and their son, \u003cpersname\u003eCharles Custer Robinson\u003c/persname\u003e, was born two years later.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge T. Smith\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cpersname\u003eR.B. Crockett\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Winkler\u003c/persname\u003e, \u003cfamname\u003eRobinson\u003c/famname\u003e returned to \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e, establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e. Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween \u003cdate\u003e1906\u003c/date\u003e and \u003cdate\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e, Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNorfolk\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eNewport News\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003ePortsmouth\u003c/geogname\u003e, and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026amp; Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1908\u003c/date\u003e he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at \u003cgeogname\u003eHarrisonburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026amp; Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at \u003cgeogname\u003eCatawba\u003c/geogname\u003e, \u003cgeogname\u003eBurkeville\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003e for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson, \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin A. Ruffin\u003c/persname\u003e, and \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Binford Walford\u003c/persname\u003e, who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in \u003cdate\u003e1926\u003c/date\u003e, he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on \u003cdate\u003eAugust 20, 1932\u003c/date\u003e, at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026amp; Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026amp; Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026amp; Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReference List:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLedger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLoth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026amp;q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=charles%20robinson\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePreservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Morrison Robinson  was born on  March 3, 1867 , in  Hamilton, Loudoun County, Virginia . He was the eldest son of  architect  and builder  James T. Robinson  and  Elizabeth Crockett Robinson . His family relocated to  Welland, Ontario , where he completed his early schooling before beginning architectural training under  D.S. Hopkins  in  Grand Rapids, Michigan , and  John K. Peebles  in  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . In  1889 , he formed his first partnership—Smith \u0026 Robinson—in  Altoona, Pennsylvania . He married  Annie Custer  in  1891 , and their son,  Charles Custer Robinson , was born two years later.  ","Following years of practice in Pennsylvania, including partnerships with  George T. Smith ,  R.B. Crockett , and  George Winkler ,  Robinson  returned to  Virginia  in  1906 , establishing Charles M. Robinson, Architect in  Richmond . Robinson became a leading designer for a future comprehensive statewide public school system mandated by Virginia's 1902 Constitution.  ","Between  1906  and  1932 , Robinson's practice produced plans for more than 400 public schools and many university buildings, including commissions in  Richmond ,  Norfolk ,  Newport News ,  Portsmouth , and dozens of rural counties. Robinson's standardized plans were paired with styles ranging from Arts \u0026 Crafts to Collegiate Gothic, Spanish Revival, and Art Deco. His schools featured ample light, logical circulation, and adaptable common spaces. ","In  1908  he won the commission to design the campus of the State Normal School at  Harrisonburg , now James Madison University, designing its first seven buildings and subsequent expansions through 1928. He designed foundational campuses for the institutions now known as the University of Mary Washington, Radford University, and Virginia State University, and oversaw more than sixty major projects for the College of William \u0026 Mary between 1921 and 1931, including the Sunken Garden and numerous residence halls, academic buildings, and the George Preston Blow Gymnasium. ","His practice also extended beyond education. In 1918 he designed the tuberculosis sanitariums (sanatoriums) at  Catawba ,  Burkeville , and  Charlottesville  for the Virginia State Board of Health. In Richmond, he designed civic and commercial structures, including the Times-Dispatch Building, Stuart Circle Hospital, Grace Hospital, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Sunday School Building at Ginter Park Methodist Church, and (in partnership with his former apprentice Marcellus Wright, Sr.) the ACCA Shriner Mosque—today the Altria Theater. Residentially, his Laburnum Court development introduced an early twentieth-century model of middle-class housing arranged around a landscaped central park.  ","By the 1920s, Robinson had expanded his firm to include his son Charles Custer Robinson,  Benjamin A. Ruffin , and  John Binford Walford , who became partners in Charles M. Robinson, Architects in 1922. Although Robinson retired to his farm in Hampton in  1926 , he remained professionally active, producing drawings at home and visiting construction sites. Robinson died on  August 20, 1932 , at age 66 in a Norfolk hospital, and the firm was formally dissolved the following day.  ","The practice he founded continued through multiple generations of architects, evolving through successive names—J. Binford Walford, Architect (1932–1946); Walford \u0026 Wright (1946–1962); Wright, Jones \u0026 Wilkerson (1962–1991); Wright, Jones, Wilkerson, Rothschild \u0026 Boynton (1991–1994); and finally Boynton, Rothschild, Rowland (1994–2020). The firm remained active for more than a century before being acquired in 2020.","Reference List:","Arlington County Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board. (2008, September). Historic District Designation Form. Arlington County Register of Historic Places. https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/wraps_localhistoricdistrictdesignation_wilsonschool_2009.pdf","Ledger-Star, Norfolk, VA. (1932, August 22). Charles M. Robinson Prominent Architect, Dies; Burial Today. Newspapers.com by Ancestry. https://www.newspapers.com/article/ledger-star-charles-m-robinson-prominen/166469428/","Loth, C. (1999). The Virginia Landmarks Register. The University Press of Virginia. https://books.google.com/booksid=NJa_64aH1iMC\u0026q=charles+robinson#v=onepage\u0026q=charles%20robinson\u0026f=false","Morgan, S.W. (2019, September 24). Virginia's Unsung Architect. Richmond Magazine. https://richmondmagazine.com/home/latest/charles-robinson-branch-museum/","Moyer, L. (n.d.). Halls of History. University of Mary Washington Magazine. https://magazine.umw.edu/spring2013/features/halls-of-history/","Preservation Durham. (n.d.). Robinson, Charles M. Open Durham from Preservation Durham. https://www.opendurham.org/people/robinson-charles-m","Robinson, D.B. (n.d.). Charles M. Robinson: A Virginia Architectural History. https://www.charlesmrobinson.com/index.html","United States Department of the Interior National Park Service. (1992, October 31). National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Internet rchive Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233435/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/MultipleCounty/127-0845_PublicSchoolsinRichmondMPS_NPS_final.pdf","Winthrop, R.P. (2015, January 27). Architects of Richmond: Charles M. Robinson. Architecture Richmond. https://architecturerichmond.com/architects-of-richmond-charles-m-robinson/"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"John W. Daniel School, Newport News Schools, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"Eastville High School, Northampton County, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Conservation and Preservation","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["CONTENT WARNING:\nThis material contains offensive or harmful language. This material contains references to outdated terminology for African Americans, as well as for Native Americans. The terms \"Colored\" and Negro\", in commom parlance when the drawings were created, are used throughout the architectural drawings to refer to Black people. The term \"Indian\" is also used to refer to Native Americans. These terms are primarily found in the titles of architectural drawings. Titles remain as they were found for historical context. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling. 10/20/23","The commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"John W. Daniel School, Newport News Schools, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related.","The commission number for this set of drawings is the same as the number for the \"Eastville High School, Northampton County, VA, 1913\" drawings. However, there is no indication of the projects being related."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16518, Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrimary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Charles M. Robinson and Principals Architectural Records consist of materials about Charles M. Robinson, and the office records, architectural and design plans, and project photograph files of the Charles M. Robinson, Architect firm and successor firms. The materials document the business operations of the firms, as well as their role in developing the city of Richmond, VA, and in developing various institutions and organizations across the state of Virginia. The works in this collection also demonstrate the significance of the firm's activities on communities in these areas. It is divided into four series. ","Series 1, Charles M. Robinson Files (1978, 2020, undated; 1 folder), includes copies of documents about Charles M. Robinson, such as a copy of his Architecture License. There is also a copy of a short essay about Robinson's role in the construction of the ACCA Shrine, now known as the Altria Theater. ","Series 2, Office records (circa 1935-1992, undated; 18 folders), includes office records, which are arranged in decreasing order of their significance/functionality to the firm's operations. Most notably are the lists of commissions, index to the architectural drawings, and the commission notes. These records cover the majority of the timeline following Robinson's death. ","Series 3, Architectural drawings (1907-2012, undated; 3 oversized boxes, 93 flat file folders, 4 tubes, 1457 tube boxes), the largest part of this collection, consists of the firm's architectural drawings and design plans, as well as the drawings and plans Robinson created in his role as the official school board architect for several cities and counties in Virginia, and as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health. They span more than a century beginning in 1907 and ending in 2012 and represent over 1600 projects.   ","Included are drawings, designs, and plans for educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, private residences, and plots across the state of Virginia. The series also includes topographic maps and site studies. There are original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. ","Primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools in locations across Virginia are very well represented by the plans in this collection. More well-known post-secondary educational institutions include the College of William and Mary, James Madison University, Raford University, University of Mary Washington, George Mason University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. However, the number of primary and secondary schools represented in the collection is even greater. ","Of particular significance are the designs and plans the firm created for educational institutions for students from underrepresented, historically oppressed, and marginalized groups. These include the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the Virginia State University, the nation's first fully-state supported four-year post-secondary learning institution for Black Americans, and the HBCUs Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. ","The works that Robinson completed as an architect for the Virginia State Board of Health include plans and designs for the Catawba, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont Tuberculosis sanitoriums (rehabilitation center, hospice, etc.). Robinson's work in this role also affected the lives of people from underrepresented groups, as the Piedmont institution was developed specifically for the care of Black residents of Virginia. ","Series 4, Project photograph files (circa 1855-1999, undated; 9 boxes, 15 folders), includes many of the project photograph files from the architectural firm. Although there are some items from Robinson's time with the firm, the large majority are dated and document the projects from after his death on August 20, 1932. The photograph file index introduces the rest of the series, which includes prints, negatives, photo documentation from John Binford Walford and Oscar Pendleton Wright's photograph albums, and undated presentation photos. ","Dates: 1907 – 2012, bulk date 1907-1995  ","This series consists of architectural rolls that contain drawings, designs, and plans of educational institutions, hospitals, churches, offices, retail stores, and private residences across the state of Virginia. The series also includes rolls that hold topographic maps, plot and general layouts, and site studies. The drawings comprise original designs, proposed designs, voided designs, additions, alterations, and renovations. The designs are comprehensive, and include work on interiors and exteriors, plumbing and ventilation systems, and landscape works. For a detailed inventory of the drawings, please see the Charles M. Robinson architectural records drawing inventory in the External Documents field."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page (https://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing) for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Robinson","Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. Ruffin","John Binford Walford"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Robinson"],"names_coll_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Charles  M. (Morrison), 1867-1932","Charles Morrison Robinson","James T. Robinson","Elizabeth Crockett Robinson","D.S. Hopkins","John K. Peebles","Annie Custer","Charles Custer Robinson","George T. Smith","R.B. Crockett","George Winkler","Benjamin A. 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Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan."],"title_filing_ssi":"Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence","title_ssm":["Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1932"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1892/1932"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Grove Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":55,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":19,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Arthur Ashby Grove between 1892 and 1932. Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 2: Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Arthur Ashby Grove between 1892 and 1932. Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:17:52.266Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_607","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_607","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_607","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_607","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_607.xml","title_ssm":["Grove Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Grove Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884-1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1932"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0292","/repositories/4/resources/607"],"text":["SC 0292","/repositories/4/resources/607","Grove Family Papers","Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Luray (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Christmas cards","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Photographs","Advertisements","Pamphlets","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in nine series, with the first eight series comprising family correspondence, arranged by recipient and chronologically. Series 9 consists of ephemera accumulated by the family and is arranged alphabetically.","Grove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932 Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932 Julia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932 Jessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932 Harold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932 Laura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926 John William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924 Charles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930 Ephemera, 1887-1932","\"Corp John William Grove (1844-1924) - Find A Grave...\" Find A Grave. Accessed June 11, 2019. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8423540/john-william-grove.","\"Women's College Finals This Week.\" Times Dispatch (Richmond, VA), May 23, 1910. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1910-05-23/ed-1/seq-12/#date1=1900\u0026index=1\u0026date2=1930\u0026searchType=advanced\u0026language=\u0026sequence=0\u0026words=Anita+Grove\u0026proxdistance=5\u0026state=Virginia\u0026rows=20\u0026ortext=\u0026proxtext=Anita+Grove\u0026phrasetext=\u0026andtext=\u0026dateFilterType=yearRange\u0026page=1","John William Grove was born December 16, 1844, in Luray, Page County, Virginia. As an adult, he served as a Corporal with the Confederate Army from 1863-1865 as part of the 35th Battalion of the Virginia Cavalry until being paroled from the army on May 8, 1865. He then married Eliza Jane Koontz (1850-1871) in 1869 and had two children: Ella Grove (1870-1932) and William Wallace Grove (1872-1874). After Eliza's death on October 19, 1871, John William Grove married Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926), and had four children with her: Arthur Ashby Grove (1883 - 1940), Jessimine \"Jessie\" Lee Grove (1887 - 1966), Harold Elton Grove (1889 - 1970), and Julia Anita Grove (1892 - 1976). In the mid-1880s, John William Grove opened the Grove and Brothers store with his brother Charles H. Grove (1849 –1925) in Luray. John William Grove's sons Arthur and Harold took over the store after their father's  death in August 1924.","Arthur, often addressed as A. A. Grove, was a member of the National Guard and veteran of World War I, having fought in France as part of the 116th Infantry, 29th Division. He was also an active member of the community, participating in the Luray Rotary Club, the Summers-Koontz Camp No. 490, Sons of Confederate Veterans, and others. ","After receiving her bachelor's degree in music from Vassar College in 1910, Julia \"Anita\" Grove became a music teacher and spent several months almost every year traveling throughout the United States visiting relatives (e.g., cousins, extended family) and friends of the family or friends from her time at school. ","Jessie Grove married William Pendleton Hershberger on January 28, 1919.","Duplicates of brochures in the ephemera were discarded as well as blank envelopes or sheets of paper found amidst the correspondence.","The Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consist of 21 boxes, primarily comprising family correspondence. The bulk of the collection is made up of family correspondence and the rest is made up of ephemera collected by the family. The correspondence is mainly letters sent to the group or individual indicated by the series, with the bulk of the correspondence in this collection being letters sent to Arthur and Julia Grove. Most of the letters concern updates concerning other family members and the community. Much of the collection consists of holiday cards sent to all members of the Grove Family over the years.","Series 1: Grove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932, comprises correspondence that is either addressed to the Grove Family or correspondence for which there is no discernable individual family member that is the sender. Correspondence addressed to Elizabeth P. Barry, a friend of Julia and Jessie Grove, is included in this series. Most of the series is made up of correspondence either to the Grove and Brother Store from satisfied customers (thanking them for gifts, discounts, etc) or small holiday cards and wedding invitations from other members of the community.","Series 2: Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Arthur Ashby Grove between 1892 and 1932. Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan.","Series 3: Julia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Julia Anita Grove between the years 1900 and 1932. Most of the correspondence in this series come from family members and friends asking her about her travels and updating her on day-to-day activities in Luray. Examples of updates include a new \"Ford shop\" being built and their parents buying a new car, and an item of note is a souvenir folder from Rochester, New York that holds drawings of landmarks and facts about the city.","Series 4: Jessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932, comprises correspondence received by Jessie Grove Hershberger between the years 1903 and 1932. Most of the correspondence is addressed to \"Mrs. William P. Hershberger\" or \"Jessie Grove.\" Some interesting items include a small note where Jessie and Harold are invited to a spelling bee and instructed to \"impersonate country school-children\" in 1907 and a letter from a friend named Lottie in which she recounts interactions with patients in a hospital and asks Jessie for relationship advice (telling Jessie to \"destroy the letter\" after reading it).","Series 5: Harold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932, includes correspondence received by Harold Elton Grove between the years 1920-1932. Much of the correspondence comprises postcards from his relatives, updating him on the weather and sights. Some of the postcards come from Wyoming, New York, and Atlantic City.","Series 6: Laura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926, deals with correspondence received by Laura Brumback Grove between 1886 and 1926. Much of Laura's correspondence is from her children and step-children. Many of the envelopes are addressed not only to Laura but also to J.W (John William), but the greetings to these letters are always addressed to \"Mama\" or \"Aunt Laura.\" Most of the correspondence during 1924 are letters of condolences and sympathies after John William Grove's death.","Series 7: John William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924, deals with correspondence received by John William Grove between 1890 and 1924. Much of the correspondence comprises marriage and graduation invitations, holiday cards, and two letters written in 1924: one from his wife Laura and the other from his daughter Jessie.","Series 8: Charles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930, deals with correspondence received by Charles H. Grove between 1891 and 1930. As with his brother John, Charles's correspondence includes marriage announcements and graduation invitations, some letters from hotels asking for his business, and a couple of postcards from Anita telling him about her travels.","Series 9: Ephemera, 1887-1932, includes myriad ephemeral materials that were accumulated the Grove Family. The series is arranged alphabetically. Some items of note within this series include military ephemera (containing some transfer orders and programs to numerous military events); music education ephemera (which include sheet music and small booklets pertaining to the popular songs of the time); some photos of a storefront and two unidentified individuals; and travel brochures, maps, and promotional materials of Virginia and other locations.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consists of correspondence and ephemera from the Grove Family of Luray in Page County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Grove family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0292","/repositories/4/resources/607"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Grove Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Grove Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Grove Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Luray (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Luray (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Grove family","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Grove family","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"creators_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Grove family"],"places_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Luray (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired at the Large Antiques and Firearms Estate auction held by Green Valley Auctions on January 16, 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Christmas cards","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Photographs","Advertisements","Pamphlets","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Christmas cards","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Photographs","Advertisements","Pamphlets","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.93 cubic feet 21 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.93 cubic feet 21 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Christmas cards","Printed Ephemera","Newspaper clippings","Photographs","Advertisements","Pamphlets","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in nine series, with the first eight series comprising family correspondence, arranged by recipient and chronologically. Series 9 consists of ephemera accumulated by the family and is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGrove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eArthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJulia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHarold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLaura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJohn William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCharles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1887-1932\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in nine series, with the first eight series comprising family correspondence, arranged by recipient and chronologically. Series 9 consists of ephemera accumulated by the family and is arranged alphabetically.","Grove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932 Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932 Julia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932 Jessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932 Harold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932 Laura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926 John William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924 Charles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930 Ephemera, 1887-1932"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Corp John William Grove (1844-1924) - Find A Grave...\" Find A Grave. Accessed June 11, 2019. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8423540/john-william-grove.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Women's College Finals This Week.\" Times Dispatch (Richmond, VA), May 23, 1910. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1910-05-23/ed-1/seq-12/#date1=1900\u0026amp;index=1\u0026amp;date2=1930\u0026amp;searchType=advanced\u0026amp;language=\u0026amp;sequence=0\u0026amp;words=Anita+Grove\u0026amp;proxdistance=5\u0026amp;state=Virginia\u0026amp;rows=20\u0026amp;ortext=\u0026amp;proxtext=Anita+Grove\u0026amp;phrasetext=\u0026amp;andtext=\u0026amp;dateFilterType=yearRange\u0026amp;page=1\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Corp John William Grove (1844-1924) - Find A Grave...\" Find A Grave. Accessed June 11, 2019. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8423540/john-william-grove.","\"Women's College Finals This Week.\" Times Dispatch (Richmond, VA), May 23, 1910. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1910-05-23/ed-1/seq-12/#date1=1900\u0026index=1\u0026date2=1930\u0026searchType=advanced\u0026language=\u0026sequence=0\u0026words=Anita+Grove\u0026proxdistance=5\u0026state=Virginia\u0026rows=20\u0026ortext=\u0026proxtext=Anita+Grove\u0026phrasetext=\u0026andtext=\u0026dateFilterType=yearRange\u0026page=1"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn William Grove was born December 16, 1844, in Luray, Page County, Virginia. As an adult, he served as a Corporal with the Confederate Army from 1863-1865 as part of the 35th Battalion of the Virginia Cavalry until being paroled from the army on May 8, 1865. He then married Eliza Jane Koontz (1850-1871) in 1869 and had two children: Ella Grove (1870-1932) and William Wallace Grove (1872-1874). After Eliza's death on October 19, 1871, John William Grove married Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926), and had four children with her: Arthur Ashby Grove (1883 - 1940), Jessimine \"Jessie\" Lee Grove (1887 - 1966), Harold Elton Grove (1889 - 1970), and Julia Anita Grove (1892 - 1976). In the mid-1880s, John William Grove opened the Grove and Brothers store with his brother Charles H. Grove (1849 –1925) in Luray. John William Grove's sons Arthur and Harold took over the store after their father's  death in August 1924.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArthur, often addressed as A. A. Grove, was a member of the National Guard and veteran of World War I, having fought in France as part of the 116th Infantry, 29th Division. He was also an active member of the community, participating in the Luray Rotary Club, the Summers-Koontz Camp No. 490, Sons of Confederate Veterans, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving her bachelor's degree in music from Vassar College in 1910, Julia \"Anita\" Grove became a music teacher and spent several months almost every year traveling throughout the United States visiting relatives (e.g., cousins, extended family) and friends of the family or friends from her time at school. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJessie Grove married William Pendleton Hershberger on January 28, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John William Grove was born December 16, 1844, in Luray, Page County, Virginia. As an adult, he served as a Corporal with the Confederate Army from 1863-1865 as part of the 35th Battalion of the Virginia Cavalry until being paroled from the army on May 8, 1865. He then married Eliza Jane Koontz (1850-1871) in 1869 and had two children: Ella Grove (1870-1932) and William Wallace Grove (1872-1874). After Eliza's death on October 19, 1871, John William Grove married Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926), and had four children with her: Arthur Ashby Grove (1883 - 1940), Jessimine \"Jessie\" Lee Grove (1887 - 1966), Harold Elton Grove (1889 - 1970), and Julia Anita Grove (1892 - 1976). In the mid-1880s, John William Grove opened the Grove and Brothers store with his brother Charles H. Grove (1849 –1925) in Luray. John William Grove's sons Arthur and Harold took over the store after their father's  death in August 1924.","Arthur, often addressed as A. A. Grove, was a member of the National Guard and veteran of World War I, having fought in France as part of the 116th Infantry, 29th Division. He was also an active member of the community, participating in the Luray Rotary Club, the Summers-Koontz Camp No. 490, Sons of Confederate Veterans, and others. ","After receiving her bachelor's degree in music from Vassar College in 1910, Julia \"Anita\" Grove became a music teacher and spent several months almost every year traveling throughout the United States visiting relatives (e.g., cousins, extended family) and friends of the family or friends from her time at school. ","Jessie Grove married William Pendleton Hershberger on January 28, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicates of brochures in the ephemera were discarded as well as blank envelopes or sheets of paper found amidst the correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Duplicates of brochures in the ephemera were discarded as well as blank envelopes or sheets of paper found amidst the correspondence."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consist of 21 boxes, primarily comprising family correspondence. The bulk of the collection is made up of family correspondence and the rest is made up of ephemera collected by the family. The correspondence is mainly letters sent to the group or individual indicated by the series, with the bulk of the correspondence in this collection being letters sent to Arthur and Julia Grove. Most of the letters concern updates concerning other family members and the community. Much of the collection consists of holiday cards sent to all members of the Grove Family over the years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Grove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932, comprises correspondence that is either addressed to the Grove Family or correspondence for which there is no discernable individual family member that is the sender. Correspondence addressed to Elizabeth P. Barry, a friend of Julia and Jessie Grove, is included in this series. Most of the series is made up of correspondence either to the Grove and Brother Store from satisfied customers (thanking them for gifts, discounts, etc) or small holiday cards and wedding invitations from other members of the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Arthur Ashby Grove between 1892 and 1932. Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Julia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Julia Anita Grove between the years 1900 and 1932. Most of the correspondence in this series come from family members and friends asking her about her travels and updating her on day-to-day activities in Luray. Examples of updates include a new \"Ford shop\" being built and their parents buying a new car, and an item of note is a souvenir folder from Rochester, New York that holds drawings of landmarks and facts about the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Jessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932, comprises correspondence received by Jessie Grove Hershberger between the years 1903 and 1932. Most of the correspondence is addressed to \"Mrs. William P. Hershberger\" or \"Jessie Grove.\" Some interesting items include a small note where Jessie and Harold are invited to a spelling bee and instructed to \"impersonate country school-children\" in 1907 and a letter from a friend named Lottie in which she recounts interactions with patients in a hospital and asks Jessie for relationship advice (telling Jessie to \"destroy the letter\" after reading it).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Harold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932, includes correspondence received by Harold Elton Grove between the years 1920-1932. Much of the correspondence comprises postcards from his relatives, updating him on the weather and sights. Some of the postcards come from Wyoming, New York, and Atlantic City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Laura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926, deals with correspondence received by Laura Brumback Grove between 1886 and 1926. Much of Laura's correspondence is from her children and step-children. Many of the envelopes are addressed not only to Laura but also to J.W (John William), but the greetings to these letters are always addressed to \"Mama\" or \"Aunt Laura.\" Most of the correspondence during 1924 are letters of condolences and sympathies after John William Grove's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: John William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924, deals with correspondence received by John William Grove between 1890 and 1924. Much of the correspondence comprises marriage and graduation invitations, holiday cards, and two letters written in 1924: one from his wife Laura and the other from his daughter Jessie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Charles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930, deals with correspondence received by Charles H. Grove between 1891 and 1930. As with his brother John, Charles's correspondence includes marriage announcements and graduation invitations, some letters from hotels asking for his business, and a couple of postcards from Anita telling him about her travels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Ephemera, 1887-1932, includes myriad ephemeral materials that were accumulated the Grove Family. The series is arranged alphabetically. Some items of note within this series include military ephemera (containing some transfer orders and programs to numerous military events); music education ephemera (which include sheet music and small booklets pertaining to the popular songs of the time); some photos of a storefront and two unidentified individuals; and travel brochures, maps, and promotional materials of Virginia and other locations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consist of 21 boxes, primarily comprising family correspondence. The bulk of the collection is made up of family correspondence and the rest is made up of ephemera collected by the family. The correspondence is mainly letters sent to the group or individual indicated by the series, with the bulk of the correspondence in this collection being letters sent to Arthur and Julia Grove. Most of the letters concern updates concerning other family members and the community. Much of the collection consists of holiday cards sent to all members of the Grove Family over the years.","Series 1: Grove Family Correspondence, 1884-1932, comprises correspondence that is either addressed to the Grove Family or correspondence for which there is no discernable individual family member that is the sender. Correspondence addressed to Elizabeth P. Barry, a friend of Julia and Jessie Grove, is included in this series. Most of the series is made up of correspondence either to the Grove and Brother Store from satisfied customers (thanking them for gifts, discounts, etc) or small holiday cards and wedding invitations from other members of the community.","Series 2: Arthur Ashby Grove Correspondence, 1892-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Arthur Ashby Grove between 1892 and 1932. Some interesting items in this series include letters sent by family while he was away training with the national guard in Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia and in Brownsville, Texas  (dropping hints about potential brides in the area), some documents pertaining to military orders,inspections, some letters written in French, a letter from Anita telling Arthur about her first music pupil, letters from former comrades, and a letter written in 1922 from a Bulah Patterson that briefly asks Arthur's opinion on the Ku Klux Klan.","Series 3: Julia Anita Grove Correspondence, 1900-1932, deals with the correspondence received by Julia Anita Grove between the years 1900 and 1932. Most of the correspondence in this series come from family members and friends asking her about her travels and updating her on day-to-day activities in Luray. Examples of updates include a new \"Ford shop\" being built and their parents buying a new car, and an item of note is a souvenir folder from Rochester, New York that holds drawings of landmarks and facts about the city.","Series 4: Jessie Grove Hershberger Correspondence, 1903-1932, comprises correspondence received by Jessie Grove Hershberger between the years 1903 and 1932. Most of the correspondence is addressed to \"Mrs. William P. Hershberger\" or \"Jessie Grove.\" Some interesting items include a small note where Jessie and Harold are invited to a spelling bee and instructed to \"impersonate country school-children\" in 1907 and a letter from a friend named Lottie in which she recounts interactions with patients in a hospital and asks Jessie for relationship advice (telling Jessie to \"destroy the letter\" after reading it).","Series 5: Harold Elton Grove Correspondence, 1920-1932, includes correspondence received by Harold Elton Grove between the years 1920-1932. Much of the correspondence comprises postcards from his relatives, updating him on the weather and sights. Some of the postcards come from Wyoming, New York, and Atlantic City.","Series 6: Laura Brumback Grove Correspondence, 1886-1926, deals with correspondence received by Laura Brumback Grove between 1886 and 1926. Much of Laura's correspondence is from her children and step-children. Many of the envelopes are addressed not only to Laura but also to J.W (John William), but the greetings to these letters are always addressed to \"Mama\" or \"Aunt Laura.\" Most of the correspondence during 1924 are letters of condolences and sympathies after John William Grove's death.","Series 7: John William Grove Correspondence, 1890-1924, deals with correspondence received by John William Grove between 1890 and 1924. Much of the correspondence comprises marriage and graduation invitations, holiday cards, and two letters written in 1924: one from his wife Laura and the other from his daughter Jessie.","Series 8: Charles H. Grove Correspondence, 1891-1930, deals with correspondence received by Charles H. Grove between 1891 and 1930. As with his brother John, Charles's correspondence includes marriage announcements and graduation invitations, some letters from hotels asking for his business, and a couple of postcards from Anita telling him about her travels.","Series 9: Ephemera, 1887-1932, includes myriad ephemeral materials that were accumulated the Grove Family. The series is arranged alphabetically. Some items of note within this series include military ephemera (containing some transfer orders and programs to numerous military events); music education ephemera (which include sheet music and small booklets pertaining to the popular songs of the time); some photos of a storefront and two unidentified individuals; and travel brochures, maps, and promotional materials of Virginia and other locations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_70d4f8e3bc520142513304c7c53c614f\"\u003eThe Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consists of correspondence and ephemera from the Grove Family of Luray in Page County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, consists of correspondence and ephemera from the Grove Family of Luray in Page County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Grove family"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":255,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:17:52.266Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_607_c02"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312_c07","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Artifacts","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312_c07#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). 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Core (1902-1984) Papers","Artifacts","This series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\""],"title_filing_ssi":"Artifacts","title_ssm":["Artifacts"],"title_tesim":["Artifacts"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1820, ca. 1910, ca. 1960, ca. 1963"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1963"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Artifacts"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Earl L. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\""],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:47.713Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5312.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198607","title_ssm":["Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1756-1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1756-1985"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1730","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5312"],"text":["A\u0026M 1730","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5312","Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Botany","Botany -- West Virginia","Requires signed form for boxes 1-5, 24.","Earl Lemley Core, botanist, educator, and historian, was born in Core, West Virginia, Monongalia County in 1902.  He received his Bachelor of Arts from West Virginia University in 1926; his masters from WVU in 1928; and a Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1936.  Dr. Core was a professor in WVU's Biology Department for 44 years (1928-1972) and chair of the Department for 18 years (1948-1966).  He was also curator of the WVU Herbarium for 40 years (1934-1972).  During World War II the Foreign Economic Administration sent Core to Columbia, South America (1943-1944), to explore the Andes Mountains in search of a source for quinine from the  Cinchona  tree.  There he discovered at least 15 new species and in 1978 one of the plants he discovered, the genus  Corethamnium , was named for him.  ","Core was founder (1936) of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club and editor of the journal,  Castenea , for 35 years.  He was the author of scholarly books and articles with his early works focusing on the botany of West Virginia, and later works on local history and church history.  Two biology textbooks he co-authored became standards:  General Biology  with P.D. Strausbauh and B.R. Weimer and  A New Manual for the Biology Laboratory  with Weimer.  He also collaborated with Strausbaugh to write the classic  The Flora of West Virginia .   Other botany texts include  Vegetation of West Virginia ,  Woody Plants in Winter , and his most popular book  Spring Wild Flowers of West Virginia  which has been in print since 1948.  Core published articles in  Castenea ,  Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science , and other scholarly sources.   ","After retirement in 1972, Core turned more of his attention to local history.  His most extensive local history work is the five-volume history of Monongalia County, West Virginia,  The Monongalia Story  (1974-1984).  His regular column, \"The Monongalia Story\" in Morgantown's  Dominion Post  also details the history of the county.  Earlier he had written  The Chronicles of Core  (1937) about the town where he was born, and  Morgantown Disciples: a History of the First Christian Church of Morgantown  (1960).","Core's civic activities were numerous and include serving on the Morgantown Public Library Board for 20 years (1959-1979), Morgantown City Council for 4 years, and Mayor of Morgantown for 2 years (1956-1957).  Core was an elder in his church, president of the Monongalia Historical Society, president of the Kiwanis, and much more.  In 1948, Core persuaded WVU to set aside 100 acres for an Arboretum. The Core Arboretum was named for him in 1967.   Earl L. Core Road in Morgantown also sports his name.  ","He died in Morgantown in 1984.","Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, botanist and educator, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1912.  She received a Bachelor of Arts degree in botany from West Virginia University in 1934.  She received a Master of Arts degree in botany from WVU with the thesis titled \"The Flora of Wirt County, West Virginia\" in 1948.  Bartholomew joined the staff of the WVU Biology Department in 1938, first as Herbarium clerk and later as Herbarium assistant.  In 1963 she was appointed as a biology instructor and curator of the Herbarium.  During this time she created the Distribution of Southeastern Plants to facilitate the exchange of specimens.  She added thousands of plants to the Herbarium collection and in 1950 started a 2,000-plant seed collection.  She retired from WVU in 1977","\nBartholomew was a member of the West Virginia Academy of Science, editor of its newsletter (1960-61), and secretary (1972-1985); member and secretary for the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club (1946-1981); member of the American Nut Growers Association; charter member and faculty advisor of the botany fraternity Phi Epsilon Phi; and member of Phi Mu.\n    ","Bartholomew who joined the Girl Scouts at age 12 earned all the nature badges and maintained a life-long interest in scouting.  She served as a Girl Scout leader for more than 20 years.  She also promoted nature to children through the Phi Epsilon Phi annual Wildflower Day.  Additionally she worked with the Oglebay Nature Camp, church camp, and others.  She was a leader at the annual Wildflower Pilgrimage at Blackwater Falls.\n    ","The Southern Appalachian Botanical Society created the Elizabeth Ann Bartholomew Award in 1989 in her honor and the governor named her as the Outstanding West Virginia in 1974.\n    ","She died in Morgantown in 1985.","1197, 1556, 1730","Original Accession; 1756-1985; boxes 1-21 and two oversize folders","\nRecords of Earl L. Core, botanist, writer, editor, historian, and West Virginia University professor and Biology Department Head.  Includes the correspondence, collected research materials, and writings of Dr. Core. The earliest correspondence, 1951-1960, deals mostly with his role as a botanist and West Virginia University Botany Department chair, and includes letters both to and from Dr. Core. Later correspondence, mostly from the 1960s but up to 1984, includes historical and genealogical inquiries in addition to matters pertaining to botany, publications, and Biology Department business.  Of importance is Dr. Core's correspondence with two prominent botanists, P.D. Strausbaugh, with whom Core authored botany and biology texts, and H.A. Allard.","\nIn addition to botany and nature, a large part of the collection deals with the history of Morgantown, Monongalia County, and West Virginia.  The collected research materials for these areas include newspaper clippings, booklets and pamphlets, correspondence, genealogical charts, maps, original historical documents, and more.  Dr. Core's research resulted in the publication of a 5-volume history of Monongalia County,  The Monongalia Story , as well as numerous newspaper columns in the  Dominion Post .  The collected research materials support Dr. Core's research for some 30 monographs on various aspects of natural history, local history, and to a lesser extent Bible and religious study.  ","\nGraphic materials include oversized maps, photographs, photographic glass negatives and film, greeting cards, and post cards.","\nSee series and subseries descriptions for more information.","\nAddendum of 2018-09; 1907-1984; boxes 22-25","\nThese records include handwritten plant lists; typewritten scientific and history papers; newspapers and newspaper clippings; maps; University class records; collected research materials; and magnetic audio tapes of Dr. Core's lectures on the flora of West Virginia. Plant lists and lecture notes presumably refer to slides in A\u0026M 5211.  This addendum includes Core's curriculum vita; some correspondence; and various short publications.","\nOther collected research materials include maps, postcards, book lists, technical reports about West Virginia and the region, flyers, photographs, newsletters, brochures, programs, and calendars of events from the WVU Experimental Station, the WVU Department of Biology, West Virginia State Parks, West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, West Virginia Department of Agriculture, the Phi Epsilon Phi fraternity, the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club, the West Virginia University (Core) Arboretum, the American Association of University Professors, the National Audubon Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.  These items treat the following subjects: trees, forestry, insects, plant species, water, flooding, ecology, wildflower walks, and biography.  The files contain a number of reprints and facsimiles of scholarly scientific papers.  There is one local history, that of Wheeling.  Biology student records include a graded research paper, a graded bibliography, Core's class record book, and summer class trip schedules.","\nThe audio tapes are recordings of Dr. Core's lectures on West Virginia flora, February-April, 1966.  There are 15 of the 1.25\" reel to reel tapes in box 25.  Five of the tapes are undated.","\nIn addition to Earl L. Core materials in boxes 24 and 25, this addenda includes materials collected by Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, boxes 22 and 23.  Bartholomew was also a West Virginia botanist, educator, and manager for the West Virginia University Herbarium. Her artifacts include buttons, a flag, and a Girls Scout cloth badge.  A metal box contains items collected by Elizabeth Bartholomew including identification cards and Girl Scout records.  Her papers include collected materials about biology and nature as well as materials, including teaching materials, from the WVU Biology Department.","This series includes both professional and personal correspondence received; carbon copies of correspondence sent; and collected research materials in addition to letters. The correspondence is with colleagues from across the United States and abroad; citizens with inquiries regarding plants, such as roots in a basement; students regarding grades, course work, and recommendations; as well as family and friends including greeting cards. Some correspondence is typed, some handwritten, some on mimeographed pages, and some on postcards and slips of paper. Subjects include discussions of publications and orders for publications such as  The Flora of West Virginia ,  Wild Flowers of West Virginia , and  Spring Wild Flowers ; content and business for the journal  Castenea ; discussions and notifications of botanical species' identification and request for specimens; WVU academic matters and WVU Department of Biology business; and family and other personal matters including letters and flyers regarding the Disciples of Christ Church and the First Christian Church in Morgantown where Dr. Core was a member. Of significance are letters from botanists P. D. (Perry Daniel) Strausbaugh, 1886-1965, and H. A. (Harry Ardell) Allard, 1880-1963. An envelope of addresses on slips of paper, torn from envelopes, and business cards is included in this series. "," Specifically, boxes 1 and 2 contain correspondence (1951-1957) which is arranged chronologically by month and year. Boxes 3 and 4 contain correspondence (1958) which is also arranged chronologically by month. Boxes 5-8, and 15 contain correspondence not in chronological order, but arranged by subtopics. "," Box 5 (1943-1984, with the majority from the 1960s) contains correspondence regarding botany and specifically Core's research in Columbia, 1943-1945, where he worked on the genus  Scleria ; and correspondence with various colleges and universities and governmental units. "," Box 6 (1953-1984) contains correspondence regarding the P.D. Strausbaugh Student Loan Fund; Core's writings; and Monongalia County history. Also included is correspondence with professional and business organizations; West Virginia University and WVU academic departments; other colleges and universities; and personal letters, photographs, and cards. "," Box 7 (1978-1982) contains multi-occasion personal greeting cards received by Dr. Core. "," Box 8 (1800-1879, 1920-1928, 1959-1984) contains correspondence, facsimiles of articles and historical documents, and newspaper clippings regarding Monongalia County; Morgantown and other municipalities; Preston County; the Delta Tau Delta fraternity at Bethany College; and biographical materials about Earl L. Core including his curriculum vita and others' handwritten narratives of his life. "," Box 15, folders 7-10 (1974-1984) contains correspondence responding to Core's book  The Monongalia Story .","This subseries includes scholarly articles, often with compliments from the authors, and dealing with scientific topics but some are about the intersection of science and humanities. Collected reports and booklets covering the topics of the Civil War, coal and coal mining, the National Road, Greene County (PA), poetry, and books about and from the Southeast. Includes programs from seminars and conferences attended by Dr. Core. "," Facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents include a letter and other materials from Samuel C. Malone, 1857-1938, and Civil War letters.","This subseries includes the publications, announcements, and plant lists of a number of West Virginia naturalists' societies in Box 14 and including the Mountaineer Chapter of the National Audubon Society (1978-1979); the Brooks Bird Club, Inc. (Wheeling; 1978-1979, 1982, 1984); Nature Conservancy, WV Chapter (1978, 1983); the George M. Sutton Audubon Society (Bethany; 1978, 1983); The West Virginia Highlands Conservancy (1979); the West Virginia Garden Club (1965); Bud and Blossom Garden Club (Princeton). Other publications include the  Plant Newsletter  (1978, 1983) (Box 9, Folder 11) from the West Virginia Department of Agriculture;  West Virginia Conservation  from the WV Department of Natural Resources (1962); WV State Parks promotional brochures, flyers, and plant lists including materials pertaining to the West Virginia Wildflower Pilgrimage; and  Twinleaf  (1979) Washington Crossing State Park (PA) Bowman's Hill State Wildlife Preserve. This subseries includes the program for the Adanson Bicentennial Symposium (1963, Box 9) at The Hunt Library of the Carnegie Institute of Technology with signatures of some attendees and attended by Dr. Core. Box 20 contains a map, ca. 1944, of the Cauca Department in Columbia indicating the location of the plant genus  Cinchona  resulting from Core's research study there. Additional information regarding Dr. Core's time in Columbia can be found in the Correspondence Series, Box 5. Also, see the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's botany work and botany publications. See the West Virginia University Series for more on the Biology Department and the Herbarium.","These collected research materials may have supported Dr. Core's research of Monongalia County history for his newspaper columns and five-volume book titled  The Monongalia Story . This subseries includes miscellaneous original historical documents and facsimiles of historical documents (mostly in Boxes 9 and 12) including land grants, river boat registry, court cases, city of Westover and Granville records, property assessment, Mexican War muster list and pension, broadside for the Socialist Party in Star City (Box 21), and account book. Other formats include newspapers, newspaper clippings, magazine article clippings, annual reports, pamphlets and brochures, and maps. Topics covered in this series include County Health Department, agriculture, shipping, churches (Boxes 12 and 17), technology, organizations, flooding, schools, ethnic groups (Box 15), biography, genealogies, funeral homes, various communities, and more. "," While the majority of materials for this subseries are in box 9, other boxes include some content. Box 19 contains two original and one facsimile land grant, and a register of boats. "," See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's research on Monongalia County history and families.","Includes newspaper clippings, pamphlets, event brochures, editorials, reports, booklets, newspaper clippings, Chamber of Commerce publications (particularly Box 12), and more. Topics covered include many aspects of Morgantown history including the telephone system; police force and federal prison; walking tours; houses; industries; people; businesses; the Morgan family; parks; and churches and synagogues (particularly Box 17). A facsimile of the story of David Morgan, Indian fighter, is included. "," See the Correspondence Series for more regarding Morgantown history.","This subseries includes collected research materials regarding other parts of West Virginia not included in the Morgantown and Monongalia County Subseries. Formats include student research papers, newsletters (Humanities Foundation), event programs, booklets, and reports. Topics covered include Boone and Clay county schools, weather, Independence Hall (Wheeling), the 4-H Camp at Jackson Mills, Future Farmers of America (FFA), various municipalities, Appalachia, Bethany College, vegetation management, mining, and churches and religion. "," The majority of materials are in Box 13, however Box 9 contains a folder with facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents about Prickett's Fort and one on West Virginia agriculture. Box 17 contains a folder on West Virginia churches. "," See the Correspondence Series, particularly Box 8, for more West Virginia materials.","This series includes collected materials from and about West Virginia University, the WVU Biology Department, and the Herbarium. Included are programs and brochures; annual reports; magazines; a souvenir program for athletic events; and newspapers and newspaper clippings. Periodical publications are from the WVU Foundation, Alumni Association, Cooperative Extension Service, the Board of Regents, the Office of Development, and the Division of Forestry. Materials from the Biology Department include faculty meeting minutes, the  Biology Newsletter  (1959), memoranda, event programs, brochures, and course listings. Specific subjects include the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT); honor societies; special summer courses; the Medical Center; history of the University; WVU baseball; and WVU presidential inaugurations. Included is a special issue of the  Beacon  (Hope Natural Gas) (1951) featuring WVU. "," The series also includes a notebook with notes and commentary regarding Core's 1950 WVU recruitment efforts at West Virginia high schools: Philippi High School, Lost Creek High School, Jane Lew High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School-Tennerton Branch, Walkersville High School, Weston High School, and St. Patrick High School in Weston. Each high school entry includes introductory notes usually with the principal; attendance; individual interviews with a few students; and possible enrollments for WVU. "," Box 11 contains the majority of the materials, however Box 20 contains a map of an Evansdale master plan (ca. 1964). "," See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's work in the WVU Biology Department, the Herbarium, and the University at large.","Earl L. Core published scholarly articles, newspaper columns, and books about Monongalia County history and its environs as well as definitive works on the botany of West Virginia. Dr. Core published a newspaper column titled \"The Monongalia Story\" in the  Dominion Post  which presumably provided background research for a book by the same title. This series includes some of the original published articles as newspaper clippings (1976-1985, but most with no dates; box 19, folder 5) as well as typed and handwritten drafts (Box 15, ca. 1977-1979). Box 15 also includes  Guide to the North American International Excursion  from the International Society for Vegetation Science for which Dr. Core wrote Chapter 8. Box 19 includes a newspaper clipping of a book review of  History of Harrison County ; and handwritten text, possibly lecture notes, which discusses evolution, creation, and religion. "," See the Correspondence Series for letters requesting copies and discussing Dr. Core's botany books. See the Graphic Materials series for sketches, photographs, and maps included in  The Monongalia Story .","Includes files, sorted alphabetically by family name researched in box 10, of correspondence to and from Dr. Core with some facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents included. The Genealogy Series also includes some genealogical charts and typed family histories. "," Publications in the series include the 1983 surname list from the KYOWA Genealogical Society (Huntington), and  The Pioneer: Second Annual Report of the Descendants of the French Creek Pioneers  (1925) which includes a history of the Morgan Family. "," Additional Core family history is found throughout the Correspondence Series, boxes 1-8. Box 8, folder 5 contains biographical materials for Earl Lemley Core and Lewis Addison Core.","Includes photographs, some black and white and some color, some original and some facsimiles; postcards some with writing and some blank; glass plate negatives; film negatives; facsimiles of sketches including David Hunter Strother's work; and maps. Some photographs include subject identification, some do not. It appears that some of the photographs and maps were illustrations in publications since they have figure numbers noted. Topics covered by the photographs, postcards, and negatives include plants, animals, gardens, and forests; buildings; scenes; individuals and groups of people including members of the Core family; WVU buildings; the WVU Arboretum; WVU personages; West Virginia; and more. Most of the photographs are from the Morgantown and Monongalia County areas, particularly Blacksville in Box 16. The glass plates, also Box 16, are of birds and other animals; one includes a woman and a chipmunk; and one is of a child with a cart pulled by two opossums and includes prints. Some of the glass plate photographs have been digitized. Additional film negatives include portraits, buildings, and more, and may have been illustrations for Core's books. In addition to Strother's sketches, the sketches include facsimiles of portraits and one original sketch of a man shucking corn. "," The maps include an historical map of Botetourt County, Virginia (1756); edited historical Monongalia County map (1826); map of Morgantown (1785); and map of Monongalia County churches (1953). The series includes the maps and sketches on paper board for the book  The Monongalia Story ; box 15 contains maps of Monongalia County and environs as well as municipalities; box 19, folders 1 and 3 contain a sketch and maps; boxes 20-21 include sketches and maps.","This series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\"","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Department of Biology","Phi Epsilon Phi. Alpha Chapter (West Virginia University)","Core Arboretum","Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1730","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5312"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"creator_ssim":["Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"creators_ssim":["Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"places_ssim":["Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- West Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- West Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.1 Linear Feet Summary: 9 ft. 3/4 in. (13 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat document case, 3 in.); (2 flat document cases, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 3 1/2 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (2 oversized folders, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["9.1 Linear Feet Summary: 9 ft. 3/4 in. (13 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat document case, 3 in.); (2 flat document cases, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 3 1/2 in.); (1 record carton, 15 in.); (2 oversized folders, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form for boxes 1-5, 24.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form for boxes 1-5, 24."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarl Lemley Core, botanist, educator, and historian, was born in Core, West Virginia, Monongalia County in 1902.  He received his Bachelor of Arts from West Virginia University in 1926; his masters from WVU in 1928; and a Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1936.  Dr. Core was a professor in WVU's Biology Department for 44 years (1928-1972) and chair of the Department for 18 years (1948-1966).  He was also curator of the WVU Herbarium for 40 years (1934-1972).  During World War II the Foreign Economic Administration sent Core to Columbia, South America (1943-1944), to explore the Andes Mountains in search of a source for quinine from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCinchona\u003c/emph\u003e tree.  There he discovered at least 15 new species and in 1978 one of the plants he discovered, the genus \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCorethamnium\u003c/emph\u003e, was named for him.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCore was founder (1936) of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club and editor of the journal, \u003ctitle\u003eCastenea\u003c/title\u003e, for 35 years.  He was the author of scholarly books and articles with his early works focusing on the botany of West Virginia, and later works on local history and church history.  Two biology textbooks he co-authored became standards: \u003ctitle\u003eGeneral Biology\u003c/title\u003e with P.D. Strausbauh and B.R. Weimer and \u003ctitle\u003eA New Manual for the Biology Laboratory\u003c/title\u003e with Weimer.  He also collaborated with Strausbaugh to write the classic \u003ctitle\u003eThe Flora of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e.   Other botany texts include \u003ctitle\u003eVegetation of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWoody Plants in Winter\u003c/title\u003e, and his most popular book \u003ctitle\u003eSpring Wild Flowers of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e which has been in print since 1948.  Core published articles in \u003ctitle\u003eCastenea\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eProceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science\u003c/title\u003e, and other scholarly sources.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retirement in 1972, Core turned more of his attention to local history.  His most extensive local history work is the five-volume history of Monongalia County, West Virginia, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e (1974-1984).  His regular column, \"The Monongalia Story\" in Morgantown's \u003ctitle\u003eDominion Post\u003c/title\u003e also details the history of the county.  Earlier he had written \u003ctitle\u003eThe Chronicles of Core\u003c/title\u003e (1937) about the town where he was born, and \u003ctitle\u003eMorgantown Disciples: a History of the First Christian Church of Morgantown\u003c/title\u003e (1960).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCore's civic activities were numerous and include serving on the Morgantown Public Library Board for 20 years (1959-1979), Morgantown City Council for 4 years, and Mayor of Morgantown for 2 years (1956-1957).  Core was an elder in his church, president of the Monongalia Historical Society, president of the Kiwanis, and much more.  In 1948, Core persuaded WVU to set aside 100 acres for an Arboretum. The Core Arboretum was named for him in 1967.   Earl L. Core Road in Morgantown also sports his name.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe died in Morgantown in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, botanist and educator, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1912.  She received a Bachelor of Arts degree in botany from West Virginia University in 1934.  She received a Master of Arts degree in botany from WVU with the thesis titled \"The Flora of Wirt County, West Virginia\" in 1948.  Bartholomew joined the staff of the WVU Biology Department in 1938, first as Herbarium clerk and later as Herbarium assistant.  In 1963 she was appointed as a biology instructor and curator of the Herbarium.  During this time she created the Distribution of Southeastern Plants to facilitate the exchange of specimens.  She added thousands of plants to the Herbarium collection and in 1950 started a 2,000-plant seed collection.  She retired from WVU in 1977\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBartholomew was a member of the West Virginia Academy of Science, editor of its newsletter (1960-61), and secretary (1972-1985); member and secretary for the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club (1946-1981); member of the American Nut Growers Association; charter member and faculty advisor of the botany fraternity Phi Epsilon Phi; and member of Phi Mu.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBartholomew who joined the Girl Scouts at age 12 earned all the nature badges and maintained a life-long interest in scouting.  She served as a Girl Scout leader for more than 20 years.  She also promoted nature to children through the Phi Epsilon Phi annual Wildflower Day.  Additionally she worked with the Oglebay Nature Camp, church camp, and others.  She was a leader at the annual Wildflower Pilgrimage at Blackwater Falls.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Southern Appalachian Botanical Society created the Elizabeth Ann Bartholomew Award in 1989 in her honor and the governor named her as the Outstanding West Virginia in 1974.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe died in Morgantown in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Earl Lemley Core, botanist, educator, and historian, was born in Core, West Virginia, Monongalia County in 1902.  He received his Bachelor of Arts from West Virginia University in 1926; his masters from WVU in 1928; and a Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1936.  Dr. Core was a professor in WVU's Biology Department for 44 years (1928-1972) and chair of the Department for 18 years (1948-1966).  He was also curator of the WVU Herbarium for 40 years (1934-1972).  During World War II the Foreign Economic Administration sent Core to Columbia, South America (1943-1944), to explore the Andes Mountains in search of a source for quinine from the  Cinchona  tree.  There he discovered at least 15 new species and in 1978 one of the plants he discovered, the genus  Corethamnium , was named for him.  ","Core was founder (1936) of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club and editor of the journal,  Castenea , for 35 years.  He was the author of scholarly books and articles with his early works focusing on the botany of West Virginia, and later works on local history and church history.  Two biology textbooks he co-authored became standards:  General Biology  with P.D. Strausbauh and B.R. Weimer and  A New Manual for the Biology Laboratory  with Weimer.  He also collaborated with Strausbaugh to write the classic  The Flora of West Virginia .   Other botany texts include  Vegetation of West Virginia ,  Woody Plants in Winter , and his most popular book  Spring Wild Flowers of West Virginia  which has been in print since 1948.  Core published articles in  Castenea ,  Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science , and other scholarly sources.   ","After retirement in 1972, Core turned more of his attention to local history.  His most extensive local history work is the five-volume history of Monongalia County, West Virginia,  The Monongalia Story  (1974-1984).  His regular column, \"The Monongalia Story\" in Morgantown's  Dominion Post  also details the history of the county.  Earlier he had written  The Chronicles of Core  (1937) about the town where he was born, and  Morgantown Disciples: a History of the First Christian Church of Morgantown  (1960).","Core's civic activities were numerous and include serving on the Morgantown Public Library Board for 20 years (1959-1979), Morgantown City Council for 4 years, and Mayor of Morgantown for 2 years (1956-1957).  Core was an elder in his church, president of the Monongalia Historical Society, president of the Kiwanis, and much more.  In 1948, Core persuaded WVU to set aside 100 acres for an Arboretum. The Core Arboretum was named for him in 1967.   Earl L. Core Road in Morgantown also sports his name.  ","He died in Morgantown in 1984.","Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, botanist and educator, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1912.  She received a Bachelor of Arts degree in botany from West Virginia University in 1934.  She received a Master of Arts degree in botany from WVU with the thesis titled \"The Flora of Wirt County, West Virginia\" in 1948.  Bartholomew joined the staff of the WVU Biology Department in 1938, first as Herbarium clerk and later as Herbarium assistant.  In 1963 she was appointed as a biology instructor and curator of the Herbarium.  During this time she created the Distribution of Southeastern Plants to facilitate the exchange of specimens.  She added thousands of plants to the Herbarium collection and in 1950 started a 2,000-plant seed collection.  She retired from WVU in 1977","\nBartholomew was a member of the West Virginia Academy of Science, editor of its newsletter (1960-61), and secretary (1972-1985); member and secretary for the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club (1946-1981); member of the American Nut Growers Association; charter member and faculty advisor of the botany fraternity Phi Epsilon Phi; and member of Phi Mu.\n    ","Bartholomew who joined the Girl Scouts at age 12 earned all the nature badges and maintained a life-long interest in scouting.  She served as a Girl Scout leader for more than 20 years.  She also promoted nature to children through the Phi Epsilon Phi annual Wildflower Day.  Additionally she worked with the Oglebay Nature Camp, church camp, and others.  She was a leader at the annual Wildflower Pilgrimage at Blackwater Falls.\n    ","The Southern Appalachian Botanical Society created the Elizabeth Ann Bartholomew Award in 1989 in her honor and the governor named her as the Outstanding West Virginia in 1974.\n    ","She died in Morgantown in 1985."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1730, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Earl L. Core (1902-1984) Papers, A\u0026M 1730, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1197, 1556, 1730\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1197, 1556, 1730"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal Accession; 1756-1985; boxes 1-21 and two oversize folders\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRecords of Earl L. Core, botanist, writer, editor, historian, and West Virginia University professor and Biology Department Head.  Includes the correspondence, collected research materials, and writings of Dr. Core. The earliest correspondence, 1951-1960, deals mostly with his role as a botanist and West Virginia University Botany Department chair, and includes letters both to and from Dr. Core. Later correspondence, mostly from the 1960s but up to 1984, includes historical and genealogical inquiries in addition to matters pertaining to botany, publications, and Biology Department business.  Of importance is Dr. Core's correspondence with two prominent botanists, P.D. Strausbaugh, with whom Core authored botany and biology texts, and H.A. Allard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to botany and nature, a large part of the collection deals with the history of Morgantown, Monongalia County, and West Virginia.  The collected research materials for these areas include newspaper clippings, booklets and pamphlets, correspondence, genealogical charts, maps, original historical documents, and more.  Dr. Core's research resulted in the publication of a 5-volume history of Monongalia County, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e, as well as numerous newspaper columns in the \u003ctitle\u003eDominion Post\u003c/title\u003e.  The collected research materials support Dr. Core's research for some 30 monographs on various aspects of natural history, local history, and to a lesser extent Bible and religious study.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nGraphic materials include oversized maps, photographs, photographic glass negatives and film, greeting cards, and post cards.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSee series and subseries descriptions for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAddendum of 2018-09; 1907-1984; boxes 22-25\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThese records include handwritten plant lists; typewritten scientific and history papers; newspapers and newspaper clippings; maps; University class records; collected research materials; and magnetic audio tapes of Dr. Core's lectures on the flora of West Virginia. Plant lists and lecture notes presumably refer to slides in A\u0026amp;M 5211.  This addendum includes Core's curriculum vita; some correspondence; and various short publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther collected research materials include maps, postcards, book lists, technical reports about West Virginia and the region, flyers, photographs, newsletters, brochures, programs, and calendars of events from the WVU Experimental Station, the WVU Department of Biology, West Virginia State Parks, West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, West Virginia Department of Agriculture, the Phi Epsilon Phi fraternity, the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club, the West Virginia University (Core) Arboretum, the American Association of University Professors, the National Audubon Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.  These items treat the following subjects: trees, forestry, insects, plant species, water, flooding, ecology, wildflower walks, and biography.  The files contain a number of reprints and facsimiles of scholarly scientific papers.  There is one local history, that of Wheeling.  Biology student records include a graded research paper, a graded bibliography, Core's class record book, and summer class trip schedules.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe audio tapes are recordings of Dr. Core's lectures on West Virginia flora, February-April, 1966.  There are 15 of the 1.25\" reel to reel tapes in box 25.  Five of the tapes are undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to Earl L. Core materials in boxes 24 and 25, this addenda includes materials collected by Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, boxes 22 and 23.  Bartholomew was also a West Virginia botanist, educator, and manager for the West Virginia University Herbarium. Her artifacts include buttons, a flag, and a Girls Scout cloth badge.  A metal box contains items collected by Elizabeth Bartholomew including identification cards and Girl Scout records.  Her papers include collected materials about biology and nature as well as materials, including teaching materials, from the WVU Biology Department.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes both professional and personal correspondence received; carbon copies of correspondence sent; and collected research materials in addition to letters. The correspondence is with colleagues from across the United States and abroad; citizens with inquiries regarding plants, such as roots in a basement; students regarding grades, course work, and recommendations; as well as family and friends including greeting cards. Some correspondence is typed, some handwritten, some on mimeographed pages, and some on postcards and slips of paper. Subjects include discussions of publications and orders for publications such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Flora of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWild Flowers of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eSpring Wild Flowers\u003c/title\u003e; content and business for the journal \u003ctitle\u003eCastenea\u003c/title\u003e; discussions and notifications of botanical species' identification and request for specimens; WVU academic matters and WVU Department of Biology business; and family and other personal matters including letters and flyers regarding the Disciples of Christ Church and the First Christian Church in Morgantown where Dr. Core was a member. Of significance are letters from botanists P. D. (Perry Daniel) Strausbaugh, 1886-1965, and H. A. (Harry Ardell) Allard, 1880-1963. An envelope of addresses on slips of paper, torn from envelopes, and business cards is included in this series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Specifically, boxes 1 and 2 contain correspondence (1951-1957) which is arranged chronologically by month and year. Boxes 3 and 4 contain correspondence (1958) which is also arranged chronologically by month. Boxes 5-8, and 15 contain correspondence not in chronological order, but arranged by subtopics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 5 (1943-1984, with the majority from the 1960s) contains correspondence regarding botany and specifically Core's research in Columbia, 1943-1945, where he worked on the genus \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eScleria\u003c/emph\u003e; and correspondence with various colleges and universities and governmental units. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 6 (1953-1984) contains correspondence regarding the P.D. Strausbaugh Student Loan Fund; Core's writings; and Monongalia County history. Also included is correspondence with professional and business organizations; West Virginia University and WVU academic departments; other colleges and universities; and personal letters, photographs, and cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 7 (1978-1982) contains multi-occasion personal greeting cards received by Dr. Core. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 8 (1800-1879, 1920-1928, 1959-1984) contains correspondence, facsimiles of articles and historical documents, and newspaper clippings regarding Monongalia County; Morgantown and other municipalities; Preston County; the Delta Tau Delta fraternity at Bethany College; and biographical materials about Earl L. Core including his curriculum vita and others' handwritten narratives of his life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 15, folders 7-10 (1974-1984) contains correspondence responding to Core's book \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes scholarly articles, often with compliments from the authors, and dealing with scientific topics but some are about the intersection of science and humanities. Collected reports and booklets covering the topics of the Civil War, coal and coal mining, the National Road, Greene County (PA), poetry, and books about and from the Southeast. Includes programs from seminars and conferences attended by Dr. Core. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents include a letter and other materials from Samuel C. Malone, 1857-1938, and Civil War letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes the publications, announcements, and plant lists of a number of West Virginia naturalists' societies in Box 14 and including the Mountaineer Chapter of the National Audubon Society (1978-1979); the Brooks Bird Club, Inc. (Wheeling; 1978-1979, 1982, 1984); Nature Conservancy, WV Chapter (1978, 1983); the George M. Sutton Audubon Society (Bethany; 1978, 1983); The West Virginia Highlands Conservancy (1979); the West Virginia Garden Club (1965); Bud and Blossom Garden Club (Princeton). Other publications include the \u003ctitle\u003ePlant Newsletter\u003c/title\u003e (1978, 1983) (Box 9, Folder 11) from the West Virginia Department of Agriculture; \u003ctitle\u003eWest Virginia Conservation\u003c/title\u003e from the WV Department of Natural Resources (1962); WV State Parks promotional brochures, flyers, and plant lists including materials pertaining to the West Virginia Wildflower Pilgrimage; and \u003ctitle\u003eTwinleaf\u003c/title\u003e (1979) Washington Crossing State Park (PA) Bowman's Hill State Wildlife Preserve. This subseries includes the program for the Adanson Bicentennial Symposium (1963, Box 9) at The Hunt Library of the Carnegie Institute of Technology with signatures of some attendees and attended by Dr. Core. Box 20 contains a map, ca. 1944, of the Cauca Department in Columbia indicating the location of the plant genus \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCinchona\u003c/emph\u003e resulting from Core's research study there. Additional information regarding Dr. Core's time in Columbia can be found in the Correspondence Series, Box 5. Also, see the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's botany work and botany publications. See the West Virginia University Series for more on the Biology Department and the Herbarium.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese collected research materials may have supported Dr. Core's research of Monongalia County history for his newspaper columns and five-volume book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e. This subseries includes miscellaneous original historical documents and facsimiles of historical documents (mostly in Boxes 9 and 12) including land grants, river boat registry, court cases, city of Westover and Granville records, property assessment, Mexican War muster list and pension, broadside for the Socialist Party in Star City (Box 21), and account book. Other formats include newspapers, newspaper clippings, magazine article clippings, annual reports, pamphlets and brochures, and maps. Topics covered in this series include County Health Department, agriculture, shipping, churches (Boxes 12 and 17), technology, organizations, flooding, schools, ethnic groups (Box 15), biography, genealogies, funeral homes, various communities, and more. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e While the majority of materials for this subseries are in box 9, other boxes include some content. Box 19 contains two original and one facsimile land grant, and a register of boats. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's research on Monongalia County history and families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings, pamphlets, event brochures, editorials, reports, booklets, newspaper clippings, Chamber of Commerce publications (particularly Box 12), and more. Topics covered include many aspects of Morgantown history including the telephone system; police force and federal prison; walking tours; houses; industries; people; businesses; the Morgan family; parks; and churches and synagogues (particularly Box 17). A facsimile of the story of David Morgan, Indian fighter, is included. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e See the Correspondence Series for more regarding Morgantown history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes collected research materials regarding other parts of West Virginia not included in the Morgantown and Monongalia County Subseries. Formats include student research papers, newsletters (Humanities Foundation), event programs, booklets, and reports. Topics covered include Boone and Clay county schools, weather, Independence Hall (Wheeling), the 4-H Camp at Jackson Mills, Future Farmers of America (FFA), various municipalities, Appalachia, Bethany College, vegetation management, mining, and churches and religion. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The majority of materials are in Box 13, however Box 9 contains a folder with facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents about Prickett's Fort and one on West Virginia agriculture. Box 17 contains a folder on West Virginia churches. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e See the Correspondence Series, particularly Box 8, for more West Virginia materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes collected materials from and about West Virginia University, the WVU Biology Department, and the Herbarium. Included are programs and brochures; annual reports; magazines; a souvenir program for athletic events; and newspapers and newspaper clippings. Periodical publications are from the WVU Foundation, Alumni Association, Cooperative Extension Service, the Board of Regents, the Office of Development, and the Division of Forestry. Materials from the Biology Department include faculty meeting minutes, the \u003ctitle\u003eBiology Newsletter\u003c/title\u003e (1959), memoranda, event programs, brochures, and course listings. Specific subjects include the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT); honor societies; special summer courses; the Medical Center; history of the University; WVU baseball; and WVU presidential inaugurations. Included is a special issue of the \u003ctitle\u003eBeacon\u003c/title\u003e (Hope Natural Gas) (1951) featuring WVU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The series also includes a notebook with notes and commentary regarding Core's 1950 WVU recruitment efforts at West Virginia high schools: Philippi High School, Lost Creek High School, Jane Lew High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School-Tennerton Branch, Walkersville High School, Weston High School, and St. Patrick High School in Weston. Each high school entry includes introductory notes usually with the principal; attendance; individual interviews with a few students; and possible enrollments for WVU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Box 11 contains the majority of the materials, however Box 20 contains a map of an Evansdale master plan (ca. 1964). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's work in the WVU Biology Department, the Herbarium, and the University at large.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarl L. Core published scholarly articles, newspaper columns, and books about Monongalia County history and its environs as well as definitive works on the botany of West Virginia. Dr. Core published a newspaper column titled \"The Monongalia Story\" in the \u003ctitle\u003eDominion Post\u003c/title\u003e which presumably provided background research for a book by the same title. This series includes some of the original published articles as newspaper clippings (1976-1985, but most with no dates; box 19, folder 5) as well as typed and handwritten drafts (Box 15, ca. 1977-1979). Box 15 also includes \u003ctitle\u003eGuide to the North American International Excursion\u003c/title\u003e from the International Society for Vegetation Science for which Dr. Core wrote Chapter 8. Box 19 includes a newspaper clipping of a book review of \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of Harrison County\u003c/title\u003e; and handwritten text, possibly lecture notes, which discusses evolution, creation, and religion. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e See the Correspondence Series for letters requesting copies and discussing Dr. Core's botany books. See the Graphic Materials series for sketches, photographs, and maps included in \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes files, sorted alphabetically by family name researched in box 10, of correspondence to and from Dr. Core with some facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents included. The Genealogy Series also includes some genealogical charts and typed family histories. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Publications in the series include the 1983 surname list from the KYOWA Genealogical Society (Huntington), and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Pioneer: Second Annual Report of the Descendants of the French Creek Pioneers\u003c/title\u003e (1925) which includes a history of the Morgan Family. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional Core family history is found throughout the Correspondence Series, boxes 1-8. Box 8, folder 5 contains biographical materials for Earl Lemley Core and Lewis Addison Core.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photographs, some black and white and some color, some original and some facsimiles; postcards some with writing and some blank; glass plate negatives; film negatives; facsimiles of sketches including David Hunter Strother's work; and maps. Some photographs include subject identification, some do not. It appears that some of the photographs and maps were illustrations in publications since they have figure numbers noted. Topics covered by the photographs, postcards, and negatives include plants, animals, gardens, and forests; buildings; scenes; individuals and groups of people including members of the Core family; WVU buildings; the WVU Arboretum; WVU personages; West Virginia; and more. Most of the photographs are from the Morgantown and Monongalia County areas, particularly Blacksville in Box 16. The glass plates, also Box 16, are of birds and other animals; one includes a woman and a chipmunk; and one is of a child with a cart pulled by two opossums and includes prints. Some of the glass plate photographs have been digitized. Additional film negatives include portraits, buildings, and more, and may have been illustrations for Core's books. In addition to Strother's sketches, the sketches include facsimiles of portraits and one original sketch of a man shucking corn. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The maps include an historical map of Botetourt County, Virginia (1756); edited historical Monongalia County map (1826); map of Morgantown (1785); and map of Monongalia County churches (1953). The series includes the maps and sketches on paper board for the book \u003ctitle\u003eThe Monongalia Story\u003c/title\u003e; box 15 contains maps of Monongalia County and environs as well as municipalities; box 19, folders 1 and 3 contain a sketch and maps; boxes 20-21 include sketches and maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Original Accession; 1756-1985; boxes 1-21 and two oversize folders","\nRecords of Earl L. Core, botanist, writer, editor, historian, and West Virginia University professor and Biology Department Head.  Includes the correspondence, collected research materials, and writings of Dr. Core. The earliest correspondence, 1951-1960, deals mostly with his role as a botanist and West Virginia University Botany Department chair, and includes letters both to and from Dr. Core. Later correspondence, mostly from the 1960s but up to 1984, includes historical and genealogical inquiries in addition to matters pertaining to botany, publications, and Biology Department business.  Of importance is Dr. Core's correspondence with two prominent botanists, P.D. Strausbaugh, with whom Core authored botany and biology texts, and H.A. Allard.","\nIn addition to botany and nature, a large part of the collection deals with the history of Morgantown, Monongalia County, and West Virginia.  The collected research materials for these areas include newspaper clippings, booklets and pamphlets, correspondence, genealogical charts, maps, original historical documents, and more.  Dr. Core's research resulted in the publication of a 5-volume history of Monongalia County,  The Monongalia Story , as well as numerous newspaper columns in the  Dominion Post .  The collected research materials support Dr. Core's research for some 30 monographs on various aspects of natural history, local history, and to a lesser extent Bible and religious study.  ","\nGraphic materials include oversized maps, photographs, photographic glass negatives and film, greeting cards, and post cards.","\nSee series and subseries descriptions for more information.","\nAddendum of 2018-09; 1907-1984; boxes 22-25","\nThese records include handwritten plant lists; typewritten scientific and history papers; newspapers and newspaper clippings; maps; University class records; collected research materials; and magnetic audio tapes of Dr. Core's lectures on the flora of West Virginia. Plant lists and lecture notes presumably refer to slides in A\u0026M 5211.  This addendum includes Core's curriculum vita; some correspondence; and various short publications.","\nOther collected research materials include maps, postcards, book lists, technical reports about West Virginia and the region, flyers, photographs, newsletters, brochures, programs, and calendars of events from the WVU Experimental Station, the WVU Department of Biology, West Virginia State Parks, West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, West Virginia Department of Agriculture, the Phi Epsilon Phi fraternity, the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club, the West Virginia University (Core) Arboretum, the American Association of University Professors, the National Audubon Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.  These items treat the following subjects: trees, forestry, insects, plant species, water, flooding, ecology, wildflower walks, and biography.  The files contain a number of reprints and facsimiles of scholarly scientific papers.  There is one local history, that of Wheeling.  Biology student records include a graded research paper, a graded bibliography, Core's class record book, and summer class trip schedules.","\nThe audio tapes are recordings of Dr. Core's lectures on West Virginia flora, February-April, 1966.  There are 15 of the 1.25\" reel to reel tapes in box 25.  Five of the tapes are undated.","\nIn addition to Earl L. Core materials in boxes 24 and 25, this addenda includes materials collected by Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann Bartholomew, boxes 22 and 23.  Bartholomew was also a West Virginia botanist, educator, and manager for the West Virginia University Herbarium. Her artifacts include buttons, a flag, and a Girls Scout cloth badge.  A metal box contains items collected by Elizabeth Bartholomew including identification cards and Girl Scout records.  Her papers include collected materials about biology and nature as well as materials, including teaching materials, from the WVU Biology Department.","This series includes both professional and personal correspondence received; carbon copies of correspondence sent; and collected research materials in addition to letters. The correspondence is with colleagues from across the United States and abroad; citizens with inquiries regarding plants, such as roots in a basement; students regarding grades, course work, and recommendations; as well as family and friends including greeting cards. Some correspondence is typed, some handwritten, some on mimeographed pages, and some on postcards and slips of paper. Subjects include discussions of publications and orders for publications such as  The Flora of West Virginia ,  Wild Flowers of West Virginia , and  Spring Wild Flowers ; content and business for the journal  Castenea ; discussions and notifications of botanical species' identification and request for specimens; WVU academic matters and WVU Department of Biology business; and family and other personal matters including letters and flyers regarding the Disciples of Christ Church and the First Christian Church in Morgantown where Dr. Core was a member. Of significance are letters from botanists P. D. (Perry Daniel) Strausbaugh, 1886-1965, and H. A. (Harry Ardell) Allard, 1880-1963. An envelope of addresses on slips of paper, torn from envelopes, and business cards is included in this series. "," Specifically, boxes 1 and 2 contain correspondence (1951-1957) which is arranged chronologically by month and year. Boxes 3 and 4 contain correspondence (1958) which is also arranged chronologically by month. Boxes 5-8, and 15 contain correspondence not in chronological order, but arranged by subtopics. "," Box 5 (1943-1984, with the majority from the 1960s) contains correspondence regarding botany and specifically Core's research in Columbia, 1943-1945, where he worked on the genus  Scleria ; and correspondence with various colleges and universities and governmental units. "," Box 6 (1953-1984) contains correspondence regarding the P.D. Strausbaugh Student Loan Fund; Core's writings; and Monongalia County history. Also included is correspondence with professional and business organizations; West Virginia University and WVU academic departments; other colleges and universities; and personal letters, photographs, and cards. "," Box 7 (1978-1982) contains multi-occasion personal greeting cards received by Dr. Core. "," Box 8 (1800-1879, 1920-1928, 1959-1984) contains correspondence, facsimiles of articles and historical documents, and newspaper clippings regarding Monongalia County; Morgantown and other municipalities; Preston County; the Delta Tau Delta fraternity at Bethany College; and biographical materials about Earl L. Core including his curriculum vita and others' handwritten narratives of his life. "," Box 15, folders 7-10 (1974-1984) contains correspondence responding to Core's book  The Monongalia Story .","This subseries includes scholarly articles, often with compliments from the authors, and dealing with scientific topics but some are about the intersection of science and humanities. Collected reports and booklets covering the topics of the Civil War, coal and coal mining, the National Road, Greene County (PA), poetry, and books about and from the Southeast. Includes programs from seminars and conferences attended by Dr. Core. "," Facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents include a letter and other materials from Samuel C. Malone, 1857-1938, and Civil War letters.","This subseries includes the publications, announcements, and plant lists of a number of West Virginia naturalists' societies in Box 14 and including the Mountaineer Chapter of the National Audubon Society (1978-1979); the Brooks Bird Club, Inc. (Wheeling; 1978-1979, 1982, 1984); Nature Conservancy, WV Chapter (1978, 1983); the George M. Sutton Audubon Society (Bethany; 1978, 1983); The West Virginia Highlands Conservancy (1979); the West Virginia Garden Club (1965); Bud and Blossom Garden Club (Princeton). Other publications include the  Plant Newsletter  (1978, 1983) (Box 9, Folder 11) from the West Virginia Department of Agriculture;  West Virginia Conservation  from the WV Department of Natural Resources (1962); WV State Parks promotional brochures, flyers, and plant lists including materials pertaining to the West Virginia Wildflower Pilgrimage; and  Twinleaf  (1979) Washington Crossing State Park (PA) Bowman's Hill State Wildlife Preserve. This subseries includes the program for the Adanson Bicentennial Symposium (1963, Box 9) at The Hunt Library of the Carnegie Institute of Technology with signatures of some attendees and attended by Dr. Core. Box 20 contains a map, ca. 1944, of the Cauca Department in Columbia indicating the location of the plant genus  Cinchona  resulting from Core's research study there. Additional information regarding Dr. Core's time in Columbia can be found in the Correspondence Series, Box 5. Also, see the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's botany work and botany publications. See the West Virginia University Series for more on the Biology Department and the Herbarium.","These collected research materials may have supported Dr. Core's research of Monongalia County history for his newspaper columns and five-volume book titled  The Monongalia Story . This subseries includes miscellaneous original historical documents and facsimiles of historical documents (mostly in Boxes 9 and 12) including land grants, river boat registry, court cases, city of Westover and Granville records, property assessment, Mexican War muster list and pension, broadside for the Socialist Party in Star City (Box 21), and account book. Other formats include newspapers, newspaper clippings, magazine article clippings, annual reports, pamphlets and brochures, and maps. Topics covered in this series include County Health Department, agriculture, shipping, churches (Boxes 12 and 17), technology, organizations, flooding, schools, ethnic groups (Box 15), biography, genealogies, funeral homes, various communities, and more. "," While the majority of materials for this subseries are in box 9, other boxes include some content. Box 19 contains two original and one facsimile land grant, and a register of boats. "," See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's research on Monongalia County history and families.","Includes newspaper clippings, pamphlets, event brochures, editorials, reports, booklets, newspaper clippings, Chamber of Commerce publications (particularly Box 12), and more. Topics covered include many aspects of Morgantown history including the telephone system; police force and federal prison; walking tours; houses; industries; people; businesses; the Morgan family; parks; and churches and synagogues (particularly Box 17). A facsimile of the story of David Morgan, Indian fighter, is included. "," See the Correspondence Series for more regarding Morgantown history.","This subseries includes collected research materials regarding other parts of West Virginia not included in the Morgantown and Monongalia County Subseries. Formats include student research papers, newsletters (Humanities Foundation), event programs, booklets, and reports. Topics covered include Boone and Clay county schools, weather, Independence Hall (Wheeling), the 4-H Camp at Jackson Mills, Future Farmers of America (FFA), various municipalities, Appalachia, Bethany College, vegetation management, mining, and churches and religion. "," The majority of materials are in Box 13, however Box 9 contains a folder with facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents about Prickett's Fort and one on West Virginia agriculture. Box 17 contains a folder on West Virginia churches. "," See the Correspondence Series, particularly Box 8, for more West Virginia materials.","This series includes collected materials from and about West Virginia University, the WVU Biology Department, and the Herbarium. Included are programs and brochures; annual reports; magazines; a souvenir program for athletic events; and newspapers and newspaper clippings. Periodical publications are from the WVU Foundation, Alumni Association, Cooperative Extension Service, the Board of Regents, the Office of Development, and the Division of Forestry. Materials from the Biology Department include faculty meeting minutes, the  Biology Newsletter  (1959), memoranda, event programs, brochures, and course listings. Specific subjects include the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT); honor societies; special summer courses; the Medical Center; history of the University; WVU baseball; and WVU presidential inaugurations. Included is a special issue of the  Beacon  (Hope Natural Gas) (1951) featuring WVU. "," The series also includes a notebook with notes and commentary regarding Core's 1950 WVU recruitment efforts at West Virginia high schools: Philippi High School, Lost Creek High School, Jane Lew High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School, Buckhannon Upshur High School-Tennerton Branch, Walkersville High School, Weston High School, and St. Patrick High School in Weston. Each high school entry includes introductory notes usually with the principal; attendance; individual interviews with a few students; and possible enrollments for WVU. "," Box 11 contains the majority of the materials, however Box 20 contains a map of an Evansdale master plan (ca. 1964). "," See the Correspondence Series for letters and more regarding Dr. Core's work in the WVU Biology Department, the Herbarium, and the University at large.","Earl L. Core published scholarly articles, newspaper columns, and books about Monongalia County history and its environs as well as definitive works on the botany of West Virginia. Dr. Core published a newspaper column titled \"The Monongalia Story\" in the  Dominion Post  which presumably provided background research for a book by the same title. This series includes some of the original published articles as newspaper clippings (1976-1985, but most with no dates; box 19, folder 5) as well as typed and handwritten drafts (Box 15, ca. 1977-1979). Box 15 also includes  Guide to the North American International Excursion  from the International Society for Vegetation Science for which Dr. Core wrote Chapter 8. Box 19 includes a newspaper clipping of a book review of  History of Harrison County ; and handwritten text, possibly lecture notes, which discusses evolution, creation, and religion. "," See the Correspondence Series for letters requesting copies and discussing Dr. Core's botany books. See the Graphic Materials series for sketches, photographs, and maps included in  The Monongalia Story .","Includes files, sorted alphabetically by family name researched in box 10, of correspondence to and from Dr. Core with some facsimiles and transcriptions of historical documents included. The Genealogy Series also includes some genealogical charts and typed family histories. "," Publications in the series include the 1983 surname list from the KYOWA Genealogical Society (Huntington), and  The Pioneer: Second Annual Report of the Descendants of the French Creek Pioneers  (1925) which includes a history of the Morgan Family. "," Additional Core family history is found throughout the Correspondence Series, boxes 1-8. Box 8, folder 5 contains biographical materials for Earl Lemley Core and Lewis Addison Core.","Includes photographs, some black and white and some color, some original and some facsimiles; postcards some with writing and some blank; glass plate negatives; film negatives; facsimiles of sketches including David Hunter Strother's work; and maps. Some photographs include subject identification, some do not. It appears that some of the photographs and maps were illustrations in publications since they have figure numbers noted. Topics covered by the photographs, postcards, and negatives include plants, animals, gardens, and forests; buildings; scenes; individuals and groups of people including members of the Core family; WVU buildings; the WVU Arboretum; WVU personages; West Virginia; and more. Most of the photographs are from the Morgantown and Monongalia County areas, particularly Blacksville in Box 16. The glass plates, also Box 16, are of birds and other animals; one includes a woman and a chipmunk; and one is of a child with a cart pulled by two opossums and includes prints. Some of the glass plate photographs have been digitized. Additional film negatives include portraits, buildings, and more, and may have been illustrations for Core's books. In addition to Strother's sketches, the sketches include facsimiles of portraits and one original sketch of a man shucking corn. "," The maps include an historical map of Botetourt County, Virginia (1756); edited historical Monongalia County map (1826); map of Morgantown (1785); and map of Monongalia County churches (1953). The series includes the maps and sketches on paper board for the book  The Monongalia Story ; box 15 contains maps of Monongalia County and environs as well as municipalities; box 19, folders 1 and 3 contain a sketch and maps; boxes 20-21 include sketches and maps.","This series includes these objects: address stamp for Earl L. Core, Biology Department (ca. 1963); small trowel imprinted with \"The Duntile Company\" (ca. 1960s); and a \"Micro Windgauge Receiver Sight, No. 48, for Springfield Rifles\" with box and insert (ca. 1910). Also, includes these objects moved from box 14: three cut nails (ca. 1820) and mailing envelope; and an unidentified key on twine taped to envelope labeled \"FILM.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_302616bc2fb2a17f49ac5e83fdb97216\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia University. Department of Biology","Phi Epsilon Phi. Alpha Chapter (West Virginia University)","Core Arboretum"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Department of Biology","Phi Epsilon Phi. Alpha Chapter (West Virginia University)","Core Arboretum","Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Department of Biology","Phi Epsilon Phi. Alpha Chapter (West Virginia University)","Core Arboretum"],"persname_ssim":["Core, Earl Lemley, 1902-1984","Strausbaugh, Perry Daniel, 1886-1965","Bartholomew, Elizabeth A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":70,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:47.713Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5312_c07"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Artifacts and objects","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_780"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_780"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection"],"text":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection","Artifacts and objects","Items in this series are not arranged.","This series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery."],"title_filing_ssi":"Artifacts and objects","title_ssm":["Artifacts and objects"],"title_tesim":["Artifacts and objects"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900s, 1931"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1931"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Artifacts and objects"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection"],"extent_ssm":["1.8 Cubic Feet 1 oversized box and 2 oversized folders."],"extent_tesim":["1.8 Cubic Feet 1 oversized box and 2 oversized folders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":11,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this series are not arranged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items in this series are not arranged."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:42:52.284Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_780.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/105294","title_filing_ssi":"Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection","title_ssm":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection"],"title_tesim":["Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-1937"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1937"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16411","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/780"],"text":["MSS 16411","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/780","Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection","minutes (administrative records)","letters (correspondence)","flags","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in two series: Meeting and subject files; and Artifacts and objects.","This series is arranged in chronological order. Except for the \"Meeting minutes and finances\" and \"Finances\" folders, which refelect received order, order has been imposed by the processing archivist.","Items in this series are not arranged.","Madison Friendship Lodge No. 2121 of Madison County, Virginia was founded in 1880 in Madison County, Virginia. The Lodge is a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America, an African American fraternal order founded in 1843 in New York.","The Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection (1880-1937; 3 cubic feet) contains minute books, financial records, correspondence, event programs, proceedings, a cemetary plot, a framed faternal collar, a fraternal apron, and a flag. Loose manuscripts, meeting minutes, and notes make up the remainder of the collection.","This series contains a wide variety of materials. 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The Lodge is a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America, an African American fraternal order founded in 1843 in New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Madison Friendship Lodge No. 2121 of Madison County, Virginia was founded in 1880 in Madison County, Virginia. The Lodge is a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America, an African American fraternal order founded in 1843 in New York."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16411 Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows Collection, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16411 Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows Collection, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection (1880-1937; 3 cubic feet) contains minute books, financial records, correspondence, event programs, proceedings, a cemetary plot, a framed faternal collar, a fraternal apron, and a flag. Loose manuscripts, meeting minutes, and notes make up the remainder of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a wide variety of materials. The bulk of the materials consist of bound ledgers containing meeting minutes and financial information, including bills, checks, and a financial quarterly report. Other material include correspondence, proceedings, regalia price lists, registration  books, catalogs, event programs, and printed  ephemera. The material cover a variety of topics, mostly related to member dues and relief given to members, such as sickness or death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Madison Friendship Lodge Grand United Order of Odd Fellows collection (1880-1937; 3 cubic feet) contains minute books, financial records, correspondence, event programs, proceedings, a cemetary plot, a framed faternal collar, a fraternal apron, and a flag. Loose manuscripts, meeting minutes, and notes make up the remainder of the collection.","This series contains a wide variety of materials. The bulk of the materials consist of bound ledgers containing meeting minutes and financial information, including bills, checks, and a financial quarterly report. Other material include correspondence, proceedings, regalia price lists, registration  books, catalogs, event programs, and printed  ephemera. The material cover a variety of topics, mostly related to member dues and relief given to members, such as sickness or death.","This series contains three-dimensional objects. These include an American flag, a fraternal order apron, a fraternal order collar, and a map of the Gordon cemetery."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e27 publications, consisting of quarterlies, annual proceedings, and annual reports were separated for cataloging.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["27 publications, consisting of quarterlies, annual proceedings, and annual reports were separated for cataloging."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":13,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:42:52.284Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_780_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"A Series, Subject Files","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Arthur M. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"language_ssim":["English ."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:31:59.589Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1449.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Squires, Arthur M., Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur M. 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","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). ","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University. ","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. ","Author of  The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change  (1986). ","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. ","Born 1916. Died 2012.","The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.","The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Materials in this series were transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, Ms85-014, in November 1987.","Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creators_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987 and 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. 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Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEmployment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. 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Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. 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Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Materials in this series were transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, Ms85-014, in November 1987."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Enriched Air\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: ","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8ada9e8fb68f1484eb84e7a03592017b\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1700,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:31:59.589Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_8_resources_216_c12","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Audiovisual 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Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"names_ssim":["The Eleanor Crowder Bjoring Center for Nursing Historical Inquiry"],"corpname_ssim":["The Eleanor Crowder Bjoring Center for Nursing Historical Inquiry"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":794,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T14:37:01.266Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_8_resources_216_c12"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Baby Food","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"text":["Food Advertisement Collection","Baby Food"],"title_filing_ssi":"Baby Food","title_ssm":["Baby Food"],"title_tesim":["Baby Food"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1947"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/1947"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Baby Food"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from Food Advertisement Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3200.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Food Advertisement Collection","title_ssm":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"title_tesim":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2017.020"],"text":["Ms.2017.020","Food Advertisement Collection","Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Nutrition","The collection is open for research.","When this collection was purchased, advertisements were largely organized by product or product type. During processing, some of these categories were broken down further. The collection is arranged by product/product type and by company/brand within each product. Each       company/brand has its own folder, the contents of which are in chronological order.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Food Advertisement Collection was completed in August 2017.","Culinary Advertising Collections Alice Ross Culinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2017-008). Finding aid  available online .  Ballard and Ballard Company Collection (Ms2010-032). Finding aid  available online .  Culinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2013-028). Finding aid  available online .  Culinary Pamphlet Collection (Ms2011-002). Finding aid  available online .  J. H. Filbert Inc. Collection (Ms2013-061). Finding aid  available online .  LactAid, Inc., Collection (Ms2011-008). Finding aid  available online .  National Biscuit Company Package Catalog (Ms2017-019). Finding aid  available online .  National Biscuit Company Salesman's Collection (Ms2017-017). Finding aid  available online .  Quality Chemical Company Collection (Ms2010-039). Finding aid  available online .  Sweet 'N Low and Butter Buds Promotional Materials (Ms2012-058). Finding aid  available online . ","The Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s. Ads included are for baby foods, dairy products, cooking/baking items, and peanuts/peanut butter.","While not intentionally part of the collection, the verso sides of many ads feature additional advertisements for food, home, and domestic products.","Permission to publish material from Food Advertisement Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2017.020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Food Advertisement Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Food Advertisement Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Food Advertisement Collection was purchased by Special Collections in June 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Nutrition"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ann Hertzler Children's Cookbooks and Nutrition Literature Collection","Children -- Nutrition","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","Nutrition"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen this collection was purchased, advertisements were largely organized by product or product type. During processing, some of these categories were broken down further. The collection is arranged by product/product type and by company/brand within each product. Each       company/brand has its own folder, the contents of which are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["When this collection was purchased, advertisements were largely organized by product or product type. During processing, some of these categories were broken down further. The collection is arranged by product/product type and by company/brand within each product. Each       company/brand has its own folder, the contents of which are in chronological order."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Food Advertisement Collection, Ms2017-020, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Food Advertisement Collection, Ms2017-020, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Food Advertisement Collection was completed in August 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Food Advertisement Collection was completed in August 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eCulinary Advertising Collections\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAlice Ross Culinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2017-008). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01850.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBallard and Ballard Company Collection (Ms2010-032). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00663.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCulinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2013-028). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01168.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCulinary Pamphlet Collection (Ms2011-002). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00787.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. H. Filbert Inc. Collection (Ms2013-061). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01190.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLactAid, Inc., Collection (Ms2011-008). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00777.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNational Biscuit Company Package Catalog (Ms2017-019). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01866.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eNational Biscuit Company Salesman's Collection (Ms2017-017). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01864.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eQuality Chemical Company Collection (Ms2010-039). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00670.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSweet 'N Low and Butter Buds Promotional Materials (Ms2012-058). Finding aid \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01080.xml\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Culinary Advertising Collections Alice Ross Culinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2017-008). Finding aid  available online .  Ballard and Ballard Company Collection (Ms2010-032). Finding aid  available online .  Culinary Ephemera Collection (Ms2013-028). Finding aid  available online .  Culinary Pamphlet Collection (Ms2011-002). Finding aid  available online .  J. H. Filbert Inc. Collection (Ms2013-061). Finding aid  available online .  LactAid, Inc., Collection (Ms2011-008). Finding aid  available online .  National Biscuit Company Package Catalog (Ms2017-019). Finding aid  available online .  National Biscuit Company Salesman's Collection (Ms2017-017). Finding aid  available online .  Quality Chemical Company Collection (Ms2010-039). Finding aid  available online .  Sweet 'N Low and Butter Buds Promotional Materials (Ms2012-058). Finding aid  available online . "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s. Ads included are for baby foods, dairy products, cooking/baking items, and peanuts/peanut butter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile not intentionally part of the collection, the verso sides of many ads feature additional advertisements for food, home, and domestic products.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s. Ads included are for baby foods, dairy products, cooking/baking items, and peanuts/peanut butter.","While not intentionally part of the collection, the verso sides of many ads feature additional advertisements for food, home, and domestic products."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Food Advertisement Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Food Advertisement Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1d4a42d02f15414862616e09a81c9bb9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Food Advertisement Collection consists of single page advertisements for a variety of food products, largely pulled from magazines. Items dates from 1894 to 1962, with the majority from the 1910s-1940s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3200_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Ball family correspondence","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLetters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_35"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_35"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ball Family Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ball Family Papers"],"text":["Ball Family Papers","Ball family correspondence","Letters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947."],"title_filing_ssi":"Ball family correspondence","title_ssm":["Ball family correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Ball family correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ball family correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Ball Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":16,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:50:52.447Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_35","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_35.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Ball Family Papers","title_ssm":["Ball Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ball Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1887-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2010.674","/repositories/2/resources/35"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2010.674","/repositories/2/resources/35","Ball Family Papers","Vermont--Social life and customs","Women--Diaries","Diaries","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in November 2010. Finding aid completed by Lisa Sparks Carpenter in December 2010.","Artifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)","Papers, 1887-1976, of the Ball family, chiefly Hugh Ball and Mary Pierce Ball who operated a dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont. Dairy farming account books and receipts are included in the collection. Mary Ball (née Mary Lucy Pierce) grew up in Shelbourne, Vermont and her eleven diaries, written between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two, detail the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care."," Also in the collection are correspondence, mainly between members of the Ball family; portraits and snapshots; artwork; and other related materials.","The photographs in this series are mainly unidentified portraits. Labeled photographs include a 1910 photograph of the Ball home (1910); a portrait of Mary Griffin Chawfeliu, \"Ezra Ball's grandmother\" (1897); portrait of \"Elinor\" (1933); an undated portrait of Mary Pierce; and a photograph of the Shelbourne Creamery workers.","This series includes eleven diaries and one Bible study book of Mary Lucy Pierce of Shelbourne, Vermont between 1905 and 1919. Pierce wrote the diaries between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two. Subjects include the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care. Pierce married Hugh C. Ball in 1918. Seven farm account books and milk sales receipts detail the expenses and profits of Hugh C. and Mary L. Ball's dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont, covering the years 1917-1942. Also included are Gertrude Ball's autograph book (1887-1929) and Edna Ball's scrapbook of poems and clippings (1902).","Ephemera includes Hugh Ball papers regarding death of Edna A. Ball, various newspaper clippings, Mary Pierce's report card at Shelburne Public Schools (winter 1904), Shelburne House dance cards 1904-1911; Richmondville Ladies Literary Circle guide for series on Germany (1909-1910); Barbara Ball booklets made during childhood (c. 1929); hand-made animal cutouts, Shelburne, Vermont alumni banquet program( 1940); and Edna Ball's account book at the Burlington Savings Bank (1938-1954).","Letters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947.","Artifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Ball family","Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2010.674","/repositories/2/resources/35"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ball Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ball Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Ball Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Vermont--Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Vermont--Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Ball family","Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce"],"creator_ssim":["Ball family","Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Ball family"],"creators_ssim":["Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce","Ball family"],"places_ssim":["Vermont--Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women--Diaries","Diaries","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women--Diaries","Diaries","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Ball_family\" title=\"Ball family\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBall Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of Wililam and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ball Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of Wililam and Mary"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in November 2010. Finding aid completed by Lisa Sparks Carpenter in December 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in November 2010. Finding aid completed by Lisa Sparks Carpenter in December 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1887-1976, of the Ball family, chiefly Hugh Ball and Mary Pierce Ball who operated a dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont. Dairy farming account books and receipts are included in the collection. Mary Ball (née Mary Lucy Pierce) grew up in Shelbourne, Vermont and her eleven diaries, written between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two, detail the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also in the collection are correspondence, mainly between members of the Ball family; portraits and snapshots; artwork; and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in this series are mainly unidentified portraits. Labeled photographs include a 1910 photograph of the Ball home (1910); a portrait of Mary Griffin Chawfeliu, \"Ezra Ball's grandmother\" (1897); portrait of \"Elinor\" (1933); an undated portrait of Mary Pierce; and a photograph of the Shelbourne Creamery workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes eleven diaries and one Bible study book of Mary Lucy Pierce of Shelbourne, Vermont between 1905 and 1919. Pierce wrote the diaries between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two. Subjects include the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care. Pierce married Hugh C. Ball in 1918. Seven farm account books and milk sales receipts detail the expenses and profits of Hugh C. and Mary L. Ball's dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont, covering the years 1917-1942. Also included are Gertrude Ball's autograph book (1887-1929) and Edna Ball's scrapbook of poems and clippings (1902).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEphemera includes Hugh Ball papers regarding death of Edna A. Ball, various newspaper clippings, Mary Pierce's report card at Shelburne Public Schools (winter 1904), Shelburne House dance cards 1904-1911; Richmondville Ladies Literary Circle guide for series on Germany (1909-1910); Barbara Ball booklets made during childhood (c. 1929); hand-made animal cutouts, Shelburne, Vermont alumni banquet program( 1940); and Edna Ball's account book at the Burlington Savings Bank (1938-1954).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1887-1976, of the Ball family, chiefly Hugh Ball and Mary Pierce Ball who operated a dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont. Dairy farming account books and receipts are included in the collection. Mary Ball (née Mary Lucy Pierce) grew up in Shelbourne, Vermont and her eleven diaries, written between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two, detail the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care."," Also in the collection are correspondence, mainly between members of the Ball family; portraits and snapshots; artwork; and other related materials.","The photographs in this series are mainly unidentified portraits. Labeled photographs include a 1910 photograph of the Ball home (1910); a portrait of Mary Griffin Chawfeliu, \"Ezra Ball's grandmother\" (1897); portrait of \"Elinor\" (1933); an undated portrait of Mary Pierce; and a photograph of the Shelbourne Creamery workers.","This series includes eleven diaries and one Bible study book of Mary Lucy Pierce of Shelbourne, Vermont between 1905 and 1919. Pierce wrote the diaries between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two. Subjects include the weather, social engagements, sewing projects, books read, school, and in the last diary, baby care. Pierce married Hugh C. Ball in 1918. Seven farm account books and milk sales receipts detail the expenses and profits of Hugh C. and Mary L. Ball's dairy farm in Vergennes, Vermont, covering the years 1917-1942. Also included are Gertrude Ball's autograph book (1887-1929) and Edna Ball's scrapbook of poems and clippings (1902).","Ephemera includes Hugh Ball papers regarding death of Edna A. Ball, various newspaper clippings, Mary Pierce's report card at Shelburne Public Schools (winter 1904), Shelburne House dance cards 1904-1911; Richmondville Ladies Literary Circle guide for series on Germany (1909-1910); Barbara Ball booklets made during childhood (c. 1929); hand-made animal cutouts, Shelburne, Vermont alumni banquet program( 1940); and Edna Ball's account book at the Burlington Savings Bank (1938-1954).","Letters in this series are mainly to Mary Ball from relatives and friends regarding family, sickness, death, and spiritual life. Of note are letters from Hugh Ball to Mary Ball during their separation due to her sickness in 1918 and a hand-painted card from Cora Avery to Mary Ball from 1947."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts received with Acc 2010.674 are described in the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss 1.03), including Snow Farm Scene Painting on Canvas Wrapped Board (2010.674.01)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Ball family","Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Ball family"],"persname_ssim":["Ball, Hugh","Ball, Mary Pierce"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:50:52.447Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_35_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_569"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_569"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"text":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records","Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order."],"title_filing_ssi":"Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales","title_ssm":["Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales"],"title_tesim":["Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-1971"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":15,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:24:55.317Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_569.xml","title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"text":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955 Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924 Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971 Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921 Long's Store Records, 1877-1929 Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893","Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).","Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.","This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044.  During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"collection_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"creators_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by Scott Suter in 2001; purchased from Scott Suter between 2007 and 2008; purchased from Dusty's Antique Market (Ronald L. Fulk) in Mt. Sidney, Virginia in 2008; purchased from Rocky's Gold \u0026 Silver in Weyer's Cave, Virginia in 2009; and found as orphaned material in a Carrier Library filing cabinet in 2016. A 2020 acquisition comprising W. E. Long \u0026 Sons shipping books and an account book was added to the collection in 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eInvoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePurchases and Orders, 1893-1924\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Records, 1877-1929\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955 Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924 Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971 Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921 Long's Store Records, 1877-1929 Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eDale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026amp; Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026amp; Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026amp; Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026amp; Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044.\u003c/emph\u003e During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044.  During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompanies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026amp; Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026amp; Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026amp; Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026amp; Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026amp; Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026amp; Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026amp; Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026amp; Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026amp; Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026amp; Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026amp; Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026amp; Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026amp; Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026amp; Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026amp; Son; R. G. Dun \u0026amp; Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026amp; Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026amp; Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026amp; Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026amp; Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026amp; Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026amp; Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026amp; Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026amp; Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026amp; Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026amp; Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026amp; Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb898fdf7b571541d1841ea18d8cf7e4\"\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included."],"names_coll_ssim":["Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. 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