{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916\u0026page=41\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916\u0026page=40\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916\u0026page=42\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916\u0026page=2143\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":41,"next_page":42,"prev_page":40,"total_pages":2143,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":400,"total_count":21422,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Account book/Scrapbook, 1893/1930","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","parent_ssim":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_391"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account book/Scrapbook","title_ssm":["Account book/Scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["Account book/Scrapbook"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account book/Scrapbook, 1893/1930"],"text":["Account book/Scrapbook, 1893/1930","Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930","box 1","folder 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1893/1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1930"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:07.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_391","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_391.xml","title_ssm":["Shuler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Shuler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1893-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1930"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1893/1930"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"text":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930","SC 0071","/repositories/4/resources/391","Port Republic (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Cooking -- 19th century","Cooking -- 20th century","Traditional medicine -- 19th century","Traditional medicine -- 20th century","Teachers -- 19th century","Teachers -- 20th century","Agriculture -- 19th century","Agriculture -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)","Newspaper clippings","Letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","Notebooks","Printed Ephemera","Housebooks","Recipes","Programs (documents)","Pencil drawings","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","\"Eastern Shore Marriage Notices, 1881-1912.\" https://espl.org/genealogy/secondary-sources/eastern-shore-marriage-notices-1881-1912/. Accessed April 12, 2017.","\"MilesFiles 17.0: 100's of Families from the Eastern Shore, from Charlemagne to the early 1900's.\" http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/index.htm. Accessed April 12, 2017.","Obituary for Charles H. Shuler, Daily News-Record, March 7, 1936.","\"Port Republic Personals,\" Daily News-Record, May 18, 1965.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual Commencement Exercises, State Normal School, June 5, 1923.","Program for the Thirtieth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1939.","The Schoolma'am, 1921. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.","The Schoolma'am, 1923. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.","The Schoolma'am, 1939. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","\"United States Census, 1920,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MV3W-H6M : accessed 12 April 2017), Charles H Shuler, Dobbs Ferry, Westchester, New York, United States; citing ED 46, sheet 3B, line 80, family 13, NARA microfilm publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1992), roll 1276; FHL microfilm 1,821,276.","\"United States Census, 1930,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CNNV-H6Z : accessed 12 April 2017), Charlie H Shuler, Stonewall, Rockingham, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 24, sheet 13B, line 92, family 295, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2459; FHL microfilm 2,342,193.","\"United States Census, 1940,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VR14-1GS : accessed 12 April 2017), Janie Shuler in household of Roy A Rinker, Johnston Magisterial District, Shenandoah, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 86-12, sheet 3B, line 67, family 54, Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940, NARA digital publication T627. Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790 - 2007, RG 29. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2012, roll 4294.","Charles H. Shuler was born December 16, 1871 to Daniel Preston Shuler and Sarah Long Shuler of Port Republic, Virginia. Shuler was a farmer and taught public school in Georgia and Rockingham County, Virginia. Shuler was a member of the Port Republic Methodist Church and, according to his obituary, \"was a man of many friends.\" He married Janie C. Martin (b. 1887), daughter of Samuel Smith Martin and Betty Ames Martin of Accomack County, Virginia, in February 1910. Per their marriage announcement, Charles Shuler was the principal of Port Republic High School at the time of their nuptials.","The Shulers, according to the 1920 census, were residents of Westchester County, New York where Charles Shuler taught and Janie Shuler was matron at the New York Juvenile Asylum. They returned to Rockingham County, Virginia by 1921 when Janie Shuler matriculated into the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. She was involved in the High School Club, Athletic Association, French Circle, and the Y. W. C. A. Janie was known as \"Mrs. Shuler\" by her fellow classmates and was described as being quiet, calm, dignified, and always on time. She earned a professional diploma in 1923. By 1930, both Shulers were employed as public school teachers.","Charles Shuler died May 6, 1936 and is buried at Port Republic Cemetery. After her husband's death, Janie returned to school and earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Elementary Education from Madison College in 1939. Sometime after graduation, Janie Shuler moved to Shenandoah County to teach public schools. She is listed in the 1940 census as a boarder in the home of Ray Rinker. Janie Shuler died November 21, 1976 in Durham, North Carolina. She is buried at Saint Georges Episcopal Church Cemetery in Pungoteague, Virginia.","In May 1965, Alden \"Bill\" Wonderly Jr. (1925-2015) purchased the farm adjoining his own that was formerly owned by Janie Shuler and her late husband Charles Shuler.","Loose correspondence and clippings were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. Dried flowers were also removed from the scrapbook and discarded due to their fragile state. The two-ring binder containing course notes was separated from the notes and was retained.","The Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia.","The scrapbook is a bound ledger comprised of newspaper clippings and handwritten notes of recipes and home remedies. It is indexed alphabetically by food category and home remedy type (e.g. bedbugs, breads, cakes, headache cures, etc.). Originally serving as an account book, the ledger was repurposed into a scrapbook, presumably by Janie Shuler. Based on pages that are not covered by newspaper clippings, the account book dates from approximately 1893 to 1901. Little can be gleaned about the account book other than it was likely a ledger for a store operated by the Shuler family. Items purchased and recorded in the account book are of the household goods variety and include foodstuffs, clothing, and other basic necessities. The account book was repurposed into a scrapbook by at least the mid to late 1920s, based on the dates present on newspaper clippings. The scrapbook exhibits significant acid burn from the many newspaper clippings laid in and pasted to the pages.","Loose items, including newspaper clippings, handwritten recipes, ephemera, and correspondence, were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. They are arranged in the order they were removed from the scrapbook. Included is an owner's manual for the Wonder Can Sealer distributed by Sears Roebuck \u0026 Co. and various materials related to raising chickens. Included in the correspondence is one letter to Janie Shuler from her mother dated April 16, 1927 and one letter, postmarked July 1, 1915, to a Mary J. Nicholas from her sister Nora. The letter was addressed care of Daniel Preston Shuler, Charles Shuler's father.","The collection also includes a multi-use ledger dated 1906-1929. \"The Electric Light Co. 1010-12 Quebec St. Allentown, Pa.\" is handwritten on the front flyleaf. However, the content within, while of a disparate sort, does not appear to have any relation to this company. The first seven pages date to the fall of 1906 and are comprised of a member list and meeting minutes for the Sumter County, Georgia teachers. This was likely kept by Charles Shuler while he was a public school teacher in Georgia. The remainder of the ledger is comprised of daily expense and income accounts, presumably for the Shuler family.","A second ledger, dated 1921-1923, with accounting information related to Daniel Preston Shuler is included. The ledger also contains daily time accounts for a worker by the name of McKenley.","Also contained within the collection is a course notebook belonging to Janie Shuler while she was a student at the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. The two-ring binder was separated from the course notes within and retained due to internal annotations. Janie kept notes on Shakespeare, sociology, poetry, eighteenth century literature, The Pilgrim's Progress, classical music, and mythology. She also lists the books required for History of Social Education. Programs from school productions are interleaved in the notes.","Lastly, the collection includes an undated ledger book with a sketch of a schoolgirl on the front flyleaf. The ledger is otherwise blank.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","Shuler family","Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"collection_ssim":["Shuler Family Papers, 1893/1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0071","/repositories/4/resources/391"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0071","/repositories/4/resources/391"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Port Republic (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Port Republic (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"places_ssim":["Port Republic (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Shuler family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_ssim":["Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Shuler family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Shuler family"],"creators_ssim":["Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","Shuler family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired by Special Collections in October 2016 at the estate sale of Bill Wonderly in Port Republic, Virginia, from auctioneer Charley Whetzel."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cooking -- 19th century","Cooking -- 20th century","Traditional medicine -- 19th century","Traditional medicine -- 20th century","Teachers -- 19th century","Teachers -- 20th century","Agriculture -- 19th century","Agriculture -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)","Newspaper clippings","Letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","Notebooks","Printed Ephemera","Housebooks","Recipes","Programs (documents)","Pencil drawings","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cooking -- 19th century","Cooking -- 20th century","Traditional medicine -- 19th century","Traditional medicine -- 20th century","Teachers -- 19th century","Teachers -- 20th century","Agriculture -- 19th century","Agriculture -- 20th century","Ledgers (account books)","Newspaper clippings","Letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","Notebooks","Printed Ephemera","Housebooks","Recipes","Programs (documents)","Pencil drawings","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Newspaper clippings","Letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","Notebooks","Printed Ephemera","Housebooks","Recipes","Programs (documents)","Pencil drawings","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Eastern Shore Marriage Notices, 1881-1912.\" https://espl.org/genealogy/secondary-sources/eastern-shore-marriage-notices-1881-1912/. Accessed April 12, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"MilesFiles 17.0: 100's of Families from the Eastern Shore, from Charlemagne to the early 1900's.\" http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/index.htm. Accessed April 12, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Charles H. Shuler, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, March 7, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Port Republic Personals,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, May 18, 1965.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Fourteenth Annual Commencement Exercises, State Normal School, June 5, 1923.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eProgram for the Thirtieth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1939.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1921. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1923. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1939. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1920,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MV3W-H6M : accessed 12 April 2017), Charles H Shuler, Dobbs Ferry, Westchester, New York, United States; citing ED 46, sheet 3B, line 80, family 13, NARA microfilm publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1992), roll 1276; FHL microfilm 1,821,276.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1930,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CNNV-H6Z : accessed 12 April 2017), Charlie H Shuler, Stonewall, Rockingham, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 24, sheet 13B, line 92, family 295, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2459; FHL microfilm 2,342,193.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1940,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VR14-1GS : accessed 12 April 2017), Janie Shuler in household of Roy A Rinker, Johnston Magisterial District, Shenandoah, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 86-12, sheet 3B, line 67, family 54, Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940, NARA digital publication T627. Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790 - 2007, RG 29. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2012, roll 4294.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Eastern Shore Marriage Notices, 1881-1912.\" https://espl.org/genealogy/secondary-sources/eastern-shore-marriage-notices-1881-1912/. Accessed April 12, 2017.","\"MilesFiles 17.0: 100's of Families from the Eastern Shore, from Charlemagne to the early 1900's.\" http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/index.htm. Accessed April 12, 2017.","Obituary for Charles H. Shuler, Daily News-Record, March 7, 1936.","\"Port Republic Personals,\" Daily News-Record, May 18, 1965.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual Commencement Exercises, State Normal School, June 5, 1923.","Program for the Thirtieth Annual Commencement Exercises, Madison College, June 5, 1939.","The Schoolma'am, 1921. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.","The Schoolma'am, 1923. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal School for Women.","The Schoolma'am, 1939. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","\"United States Census, 1920,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MV3W-H6M : accessed 12 April 2017), Charles H Shuler, Dobbs Ferry, Westchester, New York, United States; citing ED 46, sheet 3B, line 80, family 13, NARA microfilm publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1992), roll 1276; FHL microfilm 1,821,276.","\"United States Census, 1930,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CNNV-H6Z : accessed 12 April 2017), Charlie H Shuler, Stonewall, Rockingham, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 24, sheet 13B, line 92, family 295, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2459; FHL microfilm 2,342,193.","\"United States Census, 1940,\" database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VR14-1GS : accessed 12 April 2017), Janie Shuler in household of Roy A Rinker, Johnston Magisterial District, Shenandoah, Virginia, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 86-12, sheet 3B, line 67, family 54, Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940, NARA digital publication T627. Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790 - 2007, RG 29. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2012, roll 4294."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles H. Shuler was born December 16, 1871 to Daniel Preston Shuler and Sarah Long Shuler of Port Republic, Virginia. Shuler was a farmer and taught public school in Georgia and Rockingham County, Virginia. Shuler was a member of the Port Republic Methodist Church and, according to his obituary, \"was a man of many friends.\" He married Janie C. Martin (b. 1887), daughter of Samuel Smith Martin and Betty Ames Martin of Accomack County, Virginia, in February 1910. Per their marriage announcement, Charles Shuler was the principal of Port Republic High School at the time of their nuptials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Shulers, according to the 1920 census, were residents of Westchester County, New York where Charles Shuler taught and Janie Shuler was matron at the New York Juvenile Asylum. They returned to Rockingham County, Virginia by 1921 when Janie Shuler matriculated into the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. She was involved in the High School Club, Athletic Association, French Circle, and the Y. W. C. A. Janie was known as \"Mrs. Shuler\" by her fellow classmates and was described as being quiet, calm, dignified, and always on time. She earned a professional diploma in 1923. By 1930, both Shulers were employed as public school teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Shuler died May 6, 1936 and is buried at Port Republic Cemetery. After her husband's death, Janie returned to school and earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Elementary Education from Madison College in 1939. Sometime after graduation, Janie Shuler moved to Shenandoah County to teach public schools. She is listed in the 1940 census as a boarder in the home of Ray Rinker. Janie Shuler died November 21, 1976 in Durham, North Carolina. She is buried at Saint Georges Episcopal Church Cemetery in Pungoteague, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles H. Shuler was born December 16, 1871 to Daniel Preston Shuler and Sarah Long Shuler of Port Republic, Virginia. Shuler was a farmer and taught public school in Georgia and Rockingham County, Virginia. Shuler was a member of the Port Republic Methodist Church and, according to his obituary, \"was a man of many friends.\" He married Janie C. Martin (b. 1887), daughter of Samuel Smith Martin and Betty Ames Martin of Accomack County, Virginia, in February 1910. Per their marriage announcement, Charles Shuler was the principal of Port Republic High School at the time of their nuptials.","The Shulers, according to the 1920 census, were residents of Westchester County, New York where Charles Shuler taught and Janie Shuler was matron at the New York Juvenile Asylum. They returned to Rockingham County, Virginia by 1921 when Janie Shuler matriculated into the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. She was involved in the High School Club, Athletic Association, French Circle, and the Y. W. C. A. Janie was known as \"Mrs. Shuler\" by her fellow classmates and was described as being quiet, calm, dignified, and always on time. She earned a professional diploma in 1923. By 1930, both Shulers were employed as public school teachers.","Charles Shuler died May 6, 1936 and is buried at Port Republic Cemetery. After her husband's death, Janie returned to school and earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Elementary Education from Madison College in 1939. Sometime after graduation, Janie Shuler moved to Shenandoah County to teach public schools. She is listed in the 1940 census as a boarder in the home of Ray Rinker. Janie Shuler died November 21, 1976 in Durham, North Carolina. She is buried at Saint Georges Episcopal Church Cemetery in Pungoteague, Virginia."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn May 1965, Alden \"Bill\" Wonderly Jr. (1925-2015) purchased the farm adjoining his own that was formerly owned by Janie Shuler and her late husband Charles Shuler.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["In May 1965, Alden \"Bill\" Wonderly Jr. (1925-2015) purchased the farm adjoining his own that was formerly owned by Janie Shuler and her late husband Charles Shuler."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, SC 0071, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, SC 0071, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLoose correspondence and clippings were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. Dried flowers were also removed from the scrapbook and discarded due to their fragile state. The two-ring binder containing course notes was separated from the notes and was retained.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Loose correspondence and clippings were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. Dried flowers were also removed from the scrapbook and discarded due to their fragile state. The two-ring binder containing course notes was separated from the notes and was retained."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook is a bound ledger comprised of newspaper clippings and handwritten notes of recipes and home remedies. It is indexed alphabetically by food category and home remedy type (e.g. bedbugs, breads, cakes, headache cures, etc.). Originally serving as an account book, the ledger was repurposed into a scrapbook, presumably by Janie Shuler. Based on pages that are not covered by newspaper clippings, the account book dates from approximately 1893 to 1901. Little can be gleaned about the account book other than it was likely a ledger for a store operated by the Shuler family. Items purchased and recorded in the account book are of the household goods variety and include foodstuffs, clothing, and other basic necessities. The account book was repurposed into a scrapbook by at least the mid to late 1920s, based on the dates present on newspaper clippings. The scrapbook exhibits significant acid burn from the many newspaper clippings laid in and pasted to the pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose items, including newspaper clippings, handwritten recipes, ephemera, and correspondence, were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. They are arranged in the order they were removed from the scrapbook. Included is an owner's manual for the Wonder Can Sealer distributed by Sears Roebuck \u0026amp; Co. and various materials related to raising chickens. Included in the correspondence is one letter to Janie Shuler from her mother dated April 16, 1927 and one letter, postmarked July 1, 1915, to a Mary J. Nicholas from her sister Nora. The letter was addressed care of Daniel Preston Shuler, Charles Shuler's father.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes a multi-use ledger dated 1906-1929. \"The Electric Light Co. 1010-12 Quebec St. Allentown, Pa.\" is handwritten on the front flyleaf. However, the content within, while of a disparate sort, does not appear to have any relation to this company. The first seven pages date to the fall of 1906 and are comprised of a member list and meeting minutes for the Sumter County, Georgia teachers. This was likely kept by Charles Shuler while he was a public school teacher in Georgia. The remainder of the ledger is comprised of daily expense and income accounts, presumably for the Shuler family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA second ledger, dated 1921-1923, with accounting information related to Daniel Preston Shuler is included. The ledger also contains daily time accounts for a worker by the name of McKenley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso contained within the collection is a course notebook belonging to Janie Shuler while she was a student at the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. The two-ring binder was separated from the course notes within and retained due to internal annotations. Janie kept notes on Shakespeare, sociology, poetry, eighteenth century literature, The Pilgrim's Progress, classical music, and mythology. She also lists the books required for History of Social Education. Programs from school productions are interleaved in the notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLastly, the collection includes an undated ledger book with a sketch of a schoolgirl on the front flyleaf. The ledger is otherwise blank.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia.","The scrapbook is a bound ledger comprised of newspaper clippings and handwritten notes of recipes and home remedies. It is indexed alphabetically by food category and home remedy type (e.g. bedbugs, breads, cakes, headache cures, etc.). Originally serving as an account book, the ledger was repurposed into a scrapbook, presumably by Janie Shuler. Based on pages that are not covered by newspaper clippings, the account book dates from approximately 1893 to 1901. Little can be gleaned about the account book other than it was likely a ledger for a store operated by the Shuler family. Items purchased and recorded in the account book are of the household goods variety and include foodstuffs, clothing, and other basic necessities. The account book was repurposed into a scrapbook by at least the mid to late 1920s, based on the dates present on newspaper clippings. The scrapbook exhibits significant acid burn from the many newspaper clippings laid in and pasted to the pages.","Loose items, including newspaper clippings, handwritten recipes, ephemera, and correspondence, were removed from the scrapbook and foldered separately. They are arranged in the order they were removed from the scrapbook. Included is an owner's manual for the Wonder Can Sealer distributed by Sears Roebuck \u0026 Co. and various materials related to raising chickens. Included in the correspondence is one letter to Janie Shuler from her mother dated April 16, 1927 and one letter, postmarked July 1, 1915, to a Mary J. Nicholas from her sister Nora. The letter was addressed care of Daniel Preston Shuler, Charles Shuler's father.","The collection also includes a multi-use ledger dated 1906-1929. \"The Electric Light Co. 1010-12 Quebec St. Allentown, Pa.\" is handwritten on the front flyleaf. However, the content within, while of a disparate sort, does not appear to have any relation to this company. The first seven pages date to the fall of 1906 and are comprised of a member list and meeting minutes for the Sumter County, Georgia teachers. This was likely kept by Charles Shuler while he was a public school teacher in Georgia. The remainder of the ledger is comprised of daily expense and income accounts, presumably for the Shuler family.","A second ledger, dated 1921-1923, with accounting information related to Daniel Preston Shuler is included. The ledger also contains daily time accounts for a worker by the name of McKenley.","Also contained within the collection is a course notebook belonging to Janie Shuler while she was a student at the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg. The two-ring binder was separated from the course notes within and retained due to internal annotations. Janie kept notes on Shakespeare, sociology, poetry, eighteenth century literature, The Pilgrim's Progress, classical music, and mythology. She also lists the books required for History of Social Education. Programs from school productions are interleaved in the notes.","Lastly, the collection includes an undated ledger book with a sketch of a schoolgirl on the front flyleaf. The ledger is otherwise blank."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_12a22db2b7d778eb6e8cb6cdab20da73\"\u003eThe Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Shuler Family Papers, 1893-1930, are comprised of one scrapbook of recipes and home remedies, three ledgers, and one State Normal School course notebook created by the Shuler family of Port Republic, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students"],"names_coll_ssim":["State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"famname_ssim":["Shuler family"],"persname_ssim":["Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","Shuler family","Shuler, Janie C. Martin, 1887-1976","Shuler, Charles H., 1871-1936","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:07.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_391_c01"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Account books for Duke and Duke, 1881/1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56","parent_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Financial Records, 1870/1950","Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes, 1884/1946"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66","viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05","viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account books for Duke and Duke","title_ssm":["Account books for Duke and Duke"],"title_tesim":["Account books for Duke and Duke"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account books for Duke and Duke, 1881/1919"],"text":["Account books for Duke and Duke, 1881/1919","Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Financial Records, 1870/1950","Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes, 1884/1946","box MSS 79-6, Box 159"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Financial Records, 1870/1950","Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes, 1884/1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Financial Records, 1870/1950","Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes, 1884/1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1881/1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1919"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1338,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 79-6, Box 159"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#55/components#17","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:41:46.106Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_66.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106865","title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers"],"title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"text":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026 Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.","The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library.","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"creator_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"creators_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift of Helen R. Duke in 1979.","The addendum to the papers of the Duke \u0026 Duke law firm was donated by William E. Duke and Lucy D. Kinne to the Law Library in October of 1985 after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["108.5  Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["108.5  Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026amp; Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026 Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library.","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Duke family","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"persname_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1908,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:41:46.106Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56_c18"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman, 1806/1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_24_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_24_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_24","parent_ssim":["Alderman family papers, 1779/1961"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_24"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman","title_ssm":["Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman"],"title_tesim":["Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman, 1806/1919"],"text":["Account Books of the Reverend Amariah Biggs Alderman, 1806/1919","Alderman family papers, 1779/1961","box 1","folder 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alderman family papers, 1779/1961"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alderman family papers, 1779/1961"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1806/1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-1919, undated"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Alderman family papers, 1779/1961"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 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1915/1923","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86_c03","ref_ssm":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86_c03"],"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86_c03","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86","parent_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86","parent_ssim":["Business Office Accounting Ledgers, 1884/1923"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_86"],"title_filing_ssi":"Accounting Reports","title_ssm":["Accounting Reports"],"title_tesim":["Accounting Reports"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Accounting Reports, 1915/1923"],"text":["Accounting Reports, 1915/1923","Business Office Accounting Ledgers, 1884/1923","box 13 of 41"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Business Office Accounting Ledgers, 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Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 5"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1160.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hager, George H., Account Books","title_ssm":["George H. Hager Account Books"],"title_tesim":["George H. Hager Account Books"],"unitdate_ssm":["1913-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"text":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925","Ms.1940.013","Wythe County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by ledger type, then chronologically.","The 1900 census describes George H. Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager.","The guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.","Please note: The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect.","This collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however).","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"collection_ssim":["George H. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The George H. 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Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The 1900 census describes George H. Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], George H. Hager Account Books, Ms1940-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], George H. Hager Account Books, Ms1940-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.","Please note: The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d75c2d752d798ca6768240907216a978\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Account ledger, 1916","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","parent_ssim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account ledger","title_ssm":["Account ledger"],"title_tesim":["Account ledger"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account ledger, 1916"],"text":["Account ledger, 1916","George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925","box 1","folder 6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1916"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":6,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1916],"_nest_path_":"/components#5","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1160.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hager, George H., Account Books","title_ssm":["George H. Hager Account Books"],"title_tesim":["George H. Hager Account Books"],"unitdate_ssm":["1913-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"text":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925","Ms.1940.013","Wythe County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by ledger type, then chronologically.","The 1900 census describes George H. Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager.","The guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.","Please note: The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect.","This collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however).","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"collection_ssim":["George H. Hager Account Books, 1913/1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1940.013"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1940.013"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Wythe County (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The George H. Hager Account Books were transferred to the University Libraries in 1939 or 1940 and transferred to Special Collections and University Archives in 1955."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Account books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books"],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by ledger type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by ledger type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 1900 census describes George H. Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The 1900 census describes George H. Hager as a 46-year-old Wythe County, Virginia farmer, living with his wife of 19 years, 40-year-old Ella Hager. According to the census record, George Hager was born in Virginia in January, 1854; Ella, in July, 1859. The couple had no children. The Hagers appear again in the 1910 census as farmers in Wythe County's Fort Chiswell District. In the 1920 census, George H. Hager is described by the census as a 66-year-old, Virginia-born department store merchant, living in Fort Chiswell with 59-year-old wife Ellie. The couple also appears in the 1930 census, the only change being their respective ages. The census of 1880 indicates that George H. Hager was the son of Wythe County residents John and Mary Hager."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the George H. Hager Account Books by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], George H. Hager Account Books, Ms1940-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], George H. Hager Account Books, Ms1940-013, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the George H. Hager Account Books commenced and was completed in February 2011. Initial description was completed in or prior to May 1970.","Please note: The account books have all been rebound, apparently in 1941 by the University Libiraries, with the cover of each book bearing Hager's name and the location Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and a sequential number. However, many of these dates and numbers are incorrect."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains account books of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store. The collection includes 14 account ledgers in which Hager recorded customer names, the dates of transactions, goods purchased, and prices. Also included are two order books, which include lists of goods ordered and from whom ordered. The first of these, spanning the years 1913 to 1917, also seems to include customer account records from 1913. The second order book, covering 1918 to 1921, also contains Hager's accounts of money deposited and store expenses from 1913 to 1921. The books have all been rebound, with each cover bearing Hager's name and the town name of Gunton Park, Virginia. Also on each cover are the dates spanned by the book and sequential number (several of these dates and numbers are incorrect, however)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d75c2d752d798ca6768240907216a978\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains account books, including customer account ledgers and order books, of George H. Hager, proprietor of a Wythe County, Virginia general mercantile store."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1160_c06"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Account of James Webb, 1817/1918","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02","parent_ssim":["John White Papers, 1757/1843","Accounts"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account of James Webb","title_ssm":["Account of James Webb"],"title_tesim":["Account of James Webb"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account of James Webb, 1817/1918"],"text":["Account of James Webb, 1817/1918","John White Papers, 1757/1843","Accounts","Box 3","Folder 7"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John White Papers, 1757/1843","Accounts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John White Papers, 1757/1843","Accounts"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817/1918"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1817-1918"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":107,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["John White Papers, 1757/1843"],"containers_ssim":["Box 3","Folder 7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#36","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:17.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8154","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8154.xml","title_filing_ssi":"White, John Papers","title_ssm":["John White Papers"],"title_tesim":["John White Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1757-1843"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1757-1843"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1757/1843"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John White Papers, 1757/1843"],"text":["John White Papers, 1757/1843","MS 00125","/repositories/2/resources/8154","Accounts","Slavery--North Carolina--History","Slavery","Farming","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","John White is mentioned in the 1820, 1830, and 1840 United States Census. These records confirm his residence in Northampton, North Carolina and his ownership of many enslaved individuals. It is from these government records that his inferred date of birth is around 1795. However, outside of these census records, there is little other record of John White. Based on the papers, it is presumed that Jane Laura/ Laura Jane was the spouse of John White, but there is no marriage record between the two, or a record of his nor her death.","This collection was originally a part of the Schuyler Otis Bland Papers.  It was separated and made its own collection in 2018.","This collection includes correspondence, personal and managed accounts, and legal papers of John White. Ranging in date from 1757-1843, with the bulk of the papers taking place from 1810-1830.  \nFrom these papers, it appears that John White was a lawyer who practiced in Northampton County, North Carolina and the surrounding area. The buying, selling, and loaning of enslaved persons is a pervasive theme in his personal papers. As a result of his work managing accounts, he has many warrants placed on him for his arrest as a result of the accounts that he managed. In addition to numerous small accounts, the largest accounts White managed were those of Thomas Deberry Hollamon and Etheldred Smith. Outside of managing the accounts of others, White was a farmer and ran, with the help of Ann Johnson, what appears to be an inn where alcohol was sold and individuals could obtain transportation. \nThis collection primarily occurs in the area surrounding Murfeesboro, North Carolina and Northampton County, North Carolina. More specifically, the location of Bryan's Cross Roads is referenced on multiple occasions and is confirmed to be a location in Northampton County, North Carolina during this time by the North Carolina Postal History Society.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","White, John","Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John White Papers, 1757/1843"],"collection_ssim":["John White Papers, 1757/1843"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00125","/repositories/2/resources/8154"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00125","/repositories/2/resources/8154"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["White, John"],"creator_ssim":["White, John"],"creator_persname_ssim":["White, John","Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["White, John","Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Accounts","Slavery--North Carolina--History","Slavery","Farming"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Accounts","Slavery--North Carolina--History","Slavery","Farming"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn White is mentioned in the 1820, 1830, and 1840 United States Census. These records confirm his residence in Northampton, North Carolina and his ownership of many enslaved individuals. It is from these government records that his inferred date of birth is around 1795. However, outside of these census records, there is little other record of John White. Based on the papers, it is presumed that Jane Laura/ Laura Jane was the spouse of John White, but there is no marriage record between the two, or a record of his nor her death.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/ Historical:"],"bioghist_tesim":["John White is mentioned in the 1820, 1830, and 1840 United States Census. These records confirm his residence in Northampton, North Carolina and his ownership of many enslaved individuals. It is from these government records that his inferred date of birth is around 1795. However, outside of these census records, there is little other record of John White. Based on the papers, it is presumed that Jane Laura/ Laura Jane was the spouse of John White, but there is no marriage record between the two, or a record of his nor her death."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn White Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["John White Papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally a part of the Schuyler Otis Bland Papers.  It was separated and made its own collection in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally a part of the Schuyler Otis Bland Papers.  It was separated and made its own collection in 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence, personal and managed accounts, and legal papers of John White. Ranging in date from 1757-1843, with the bulk of the papers taking place from 1810-1830.  \nFrom these papers, it appears that John White was a lawyer who practiced in Northampton County, North Carolina and the surrounding area. The buying, selling, and loaning of enslaved persons is a pervasive theme in his personal papers. As a result of his work managing accounts, he has many warrants placed on him for his arrest as a result of the accounts that he managed. In addition to numerous small accounts, the largest accounts White managed were those of Thomas Deberry Hollamon and Etheldred Smith. Outside of managing the accounts of others, White was a farmer and ran, with the help of Ann Johnson, what appears to be an inn where alcohol was sold and individuals could obtain transportation. \nThis collection primarily occurs in the area surrounding Murfeesboro, North Carolina and Northampton County, North Carolina. More specifically, the location of Bryan's Cross Roads is referenced on multiple occasions and is confirmed to be a location in Northampton County, North Carolina during this time by the North Carolina Postal History Society.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence, personal and managed accounts, and legal papers of John White. Ranging in date from 1757-1843, with the bulk of the papers taking place from 1810-1830.  \nFrom these papers, it appears that John White was a lawyer who practiced in Northampton County, North Carolina and the surrounding area. The buying, selling, and loaning of enslaved persons is a pervasive theme in his personal papers. As a result of his work managing accounts, he has many warrants placed on him for his arrest as a result of the accounts that he managed. In addition to numerous small accounts, the largest accounts White managed were those of Thomas Deberry Hollamon and Etheldred Smith. Outside of managing the accounts of others, White was a farmer and ran, with the help of Ann Johnson, what appears to be an inn where alcohol was sold and individuals could obtain transportation. \nThis collection primarily occurs in the area surrounding Murfeesboro, North Carolina and Northampton County, North Carolina. More specifically, the location of Bryan's Cross Roads is referenced on multiple occasions and is confirmed to be a location in Northampton County, North Carolina during this time by the North Carolina Postal History Society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["White, John","Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry"],"names_coll_ssim":["Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","White, John","Smith, Etheldred","Hollamon, Thomas Deberry"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":116,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:17.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8154_c02_c37"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Accounts, 1833/1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e1833 payment from Mann Page, 1846 invoice of C. C. Curtis, 1849 invoice from Beers and Poindexter, 1858 receipt for Robert Armistead, 1878 receipt for Marg. T. Jones for a Saratoga Trunk, 1878 letter to Bangy about items purchased, 1915 receipt of the Misses Jones with The Gloucester Pharmacy, 1927 bill from Dr. Windells for Martha T. Jones, 1940 bank receipt and Curtis receipt in regards to Thomas Fauntleroy's will (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02","parent_ssim":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916","Series 2: Jones, Langhorne and Page Families' Financial and Personal Papers, 1768/1946"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","viw_repositories_2_resources_1280_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Accounts","title_ssm":["Accounts"],"title_tesim":["Accounts"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Accounts, 1833/1944"],"text":["Accounts, 1833/1944","Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916","Series 2: Jones, Langhorne and Page Families' Financial and Personal Papers, 1768/1946","Box 2","folder 1","1833 payment from Mann Page, 1846 invoice of C. C. Curtis, 1849 invoice from Beers and Poindexter, 1858 receipt for Robert Armistead, 1878 receipt for Marg. T. Jones for a Saratoga Trunk, 1878 letter to Bangy about items purchased, 1915 receipt of the Misses Jones with The Gloucester Pharmacy, 1927 bill from Dr. Windells for Martha T. Jones, 1940 bank receipt and Curtis receipt in regards to Thomas Fauntleroy's will (undated)."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916","Series 2: Jones, Langhorne and Page Families' Financial and Personal Papers, 1768/1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916","Series 2: Jones, Langhorne and Page Families' Financial and Personal Papers, 1768/1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1833/1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1833-1944"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":20,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916"],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1833 payment from Mann Page, 1846 invoice of C. C. Curtis, 1849 invoice from Beers and Poindexter, 1858 receipt for Robert Armistead, 1878 receipt for Marg. T. Jones for a Saratoga Trunk, 1878 letter to Bangy about items purchased, 1915 receipt of the Misses Jones with The Gloucester Pharmacy, 1927 bill from Dr. Windells for Martha T. Jones, 1940 bank receipt and Curtis receipt in regards to Thomas Fauntleroy's will (undated).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["1833 payment from Mann Page, 1846 invoice of C. C. Curtis, 1849 invoice from Beers and Poindexter, 1858 receipt for Robert Armistead, 1878 receipt for Marg. T. Jones for a Saratoga Trunk, 1878 letter to Bangy about items purchased, 1915 receipt of the Misses Jones with The Gloucester Pharmacy, 1927 bill from Dr. Windells for Martha T. Jones, 1940 bank receipt and Curtis receipt in regards to Thomas Fauntleroy's will (undated)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:47:46.560Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1280","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1280.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jones Family Papers","title_ssm":["Jones Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jones Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1826-1916"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826-1916"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1826/1916"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916"],"text":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916","Mss. 69 J71","/repositories/2/resources/1280","Land's End (Gloucester County, Va.)","Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County, Va.)","Virginia--Religious history","Yorktown (Va.)--History--19th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Deeds","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Subseries were not used with this collection due to difficulty separating papers into their family of origin. When possible, the papers have been grouped either by recipient or creator, whether individual or family. Most of the correspondence is arranged chronologically and is a mix of the Jones, Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and related families. Most envelopes were missing which made it difficult to ascertain not only who received the letters, but who wrote them.","Further processing and completion of inventory done by Anne Johnson in 2011.","Mss. 39.1 J75  Warner T. Jones Papers\nMss. 65 Ar6 Armistead-Cocke Family Papers","Papers, 1826-1916, of the Jones family of \"Land's End,\" Gloucester County, Virginia, and related families of Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and Harrison. Includes correspondence, genealogical notes, obituaries, legal files, real estate material, notes concerning Land's End, Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County), Yorktown, and the homes of the Cringan family and the Mackenzie family, and Bible records of the Jones and Fauntleroy families.","The first two accessions, which compose the bulk of the material, are gifts of Mrs. Jackson  L. Fray, Jr.","Addition Mss. Acc. 1955.001 was given by Maria Talcott, but the material deals with the same family, so it has been included with the Fray gift accessions.  She was a first cousin of Mary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray and granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.","Mary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray was the daughter of William Fauntleroy Cocke and great granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.  The 1969 accessions are family papers and documents from both the Jones and Curtis families with some material relating to the Cocke family.","Harriet's parents were Richard and Martha Washington Throckmorton Jones and her siblings were William Langborne, Mary Lanborne, Lucy Ann (married Mann Page), John James Emanuel, Richard P. (married Maria Greenhow Curtis) and Warner Throckmorton Jones (never married and lived with both his Curtis relations through the years).  Harriet Jones Curtis's children were Martha, Harriet, Lucy, Mary, Fanny and Charles Curtis.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Jones family","Curtis family","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Cringan family","Fauntleroy family","Harrison family","Hicks family","Mackenzie family","Sheldon family","Sinclair family","Taliaferro family","Coleman, Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington, 1832-1908","Foster, Adam","Jones, Mary Fauntleroy","Jones, Mary Throckmorton","Jones, Richard P.","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Langborn, William","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916"],"collection_ssim":["Jones Family Papers, 1826/1916"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 69 J71","/repositories/2/resources/1280"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 69 J71","/repositories/2/resources/1280"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Land's End (Gloucester County, Va.)","Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County, Va.)","Virginia--Religious history","Yorktown (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Land's End (Gloucester County, Va.)","Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County, Va.)","Virginia--Religious history","Yorktown (Va.)--History--19th century"],"places_ssim":["Land's End (Gloucester County, Va.)","Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County, Va.)","Virginia--Religious history","Yorktown (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Jones family","Coleman, Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington, 1832-1908","Curtis family","Foster, Adam","Jones, Mary Fauntleroy","Jones, Mary Throckmorton","Jones, Richard P.","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827"],"creator_ssim":["Jones family","Coleman, Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington, 1832-1908","Curtis family","Foster, Adam","Jones, Mary Fauntleroy","Jones, Mary Throckmorton","Jones, Richard P.","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Coleman, Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington, 1832-1908","Foster, Adam","Jones, Mary Fauntleroy","Jones, Mary Throckmorton","Jones, Richard P.","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Langborn, William"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Jones family","Curtis family","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Cringan family","Fauntleroy family","Harrison family","Hicks family","Mackenzie family","Sheldon family","Sinclair family","Taliaferro family"],"creators_ssim":["Coleman, Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington, 1832-1908","Foster, Adam","Jones, Mary Fauntleroy","Jones, Mary Throckmorton","Jones, Richard P.","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Langborn, William","Special Collections Research Center","Jones family","Curtis family","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Cringan family","Fauntleroy family","Harrison family","Hicks family","Mackenzie family","Sheldon family","Sinclair family","Taliaferro family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts of 1969 and 1976 were made by Mrs. Jackson L. Fray, Jr. Mss. Acc. 1955.001 is a gift of Maria Talcott."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Deeds","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Deeds","Financial records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.75 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Deeds","Financial records"],"date_range_isim":[1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubseries were not used with this collection due to difficulty separating papers into their family of origin. When possible, the papers have been grouped either by recipient or creator, whether individual or family. Most of the correspondence is arranged chronologically and is a mix of the Jones, Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and related families. Most envelopes were missing which made it difficult to ascertain not only who received the letters, but who wrote them.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Subseries were not used with this collection due to difficulty separating papers into their family of origin. When possible, the papers have been grouped either by recipient or creator, whether individual or family. Most of the correspondence is arranged chronologically and is a mix of the Jones, Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and related families. Most envelopes were missing which made it difficult to ascertain not only who received the letters, but who wrote them."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJones Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jones Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther processing and completion of inventory done by Anne Johnson in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Further processing and completion of inventory done by Anne Johnson in 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMss. 39.1 J75  Warner T. Jones Papers\nMss. 65 Ar6 Armistead-Cocke Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 J75  Warner T. Jones Papers\nMss. 65 Ar6 Armistead-Cocke Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1826-1916, of the Jones family of \"Land's End,\" Gloucester County, Virginia, and related families of Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and Harrison. Includes correspondence, genealogical notes, obituaries, legal files, real estate material, notes concerning Land's End, Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County), Yorktown, and the homes of the Cringan family and the Mackenzie family, and Bible records of the Jones and Fauntleroy families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first two accessions, which compose the bulk of the material, are gifts of Mrs. Jackson  L. Fray, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddition Mss. Acc. 1955.001 was given by Maria Talcott, but the material deals with the same family, so it has been included with the Fray gift accessions.  She was a first cousin of Mary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray and granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray was the daughter of William Fauntleroy Cocke and great granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.  The 1969 accessions are family papers and documents from both the Jones and Curtis families with some material relating to the Cocke family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarriet's parents were Richard and Martha Washington Throckmorton Jones and her siblings were William Langborne, Mary Lanborne, Lucy Ann (married Mann Page), John James Emanuel, Richard P. (married Maria Greenhow Curtis) and Warner Throckmorton Jones (never married and lived with both his Curtis relations through the years).  Harriet Jones Curtis's children were Martha, Harriet, Lucy, Mary, Fanny and Charles Curtis.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1826-1916, of the Jones family of \"Land's End,\" Gloucester County, Virginia, and related families of Curtis, Taliaferro, Page and Harrison. Includes correspondence, genealogical notes, obituaries, legal files, real estate material, notes concerning Land's End, Petsworth Parish (Gloucester County), Yorktown, and the homes of the Cringan family and the Mackenzie family, and Bible records of the Jones and Fauntleroy families.","The first two accessions, which compose the bulk of the material, are gifts of Mrs. Jackson  L. Fray, Jr.","Addition Mss. Acc. 1955.001 was given by Maria Talcott, but the material deals with the same family, so it has been included with the Fray gift accessions.  She was a first cousin of Mary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray and granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.","Mary Fauntleroy Cocke Fray was the daughter of William Fauntleroy Cocke and great granddaughter of Harriet Jones and Charles Curtis.  The 1969 accessions are family papers and documents from both the Jones and Curtis families with some material relating to the Cocke family.","Harriet's parents were Richard and Martha Washington Throckmorton Jones and her siblings were William Langborne, Mary Lanborne, Lucy Ann (married Mann Page), John James Emanuel, Richard P. (married Maria Greenhow Curtis) and Warner Throckmorton Jones (never married and lived with both his Curtis relations through the years).  Harriet Jones Curtis's children were Martha, Harriet, Lucy, Mary, Fanny and Charles Curtis."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Jones family","Curtis family","Page family","Taliaferro family.","Cringan family","Fauntleroy family","Harrison family","Hicks family","Mackenzie 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