{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026page=2005\u0026view=list","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026page=2004\u0026view=list","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026page=2006\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026page=2012\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2005,"next_page":2006,"prev_page":2004,"total_pages":2012,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20040,"total_count":20115,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c1219","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c1219#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02_c1219","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c02_c1219"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c1219","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records","W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co.","box Box 173"],"title_filing_ssi":"W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co.","title_ssm":["W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co."],"title_tesim":["W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1912 -1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. W. Hearne, President of Princess\n Furnace Co."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1403,"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914],"containers_ssim":["box Box 173"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1218","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n 1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c1219"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Immediate Family"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Immediate Family"],"text":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Immediate Family","W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","English","box 3","folder 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health","title_ssm":["W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health"],"title_tesim":["W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. Williams, M.D., Regarding Alicia Du Pont's Health"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["duPont family papers"],"extent_ssm":["1 Files"],"extent_tesim":["1 Files"],"creator_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":58,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920],"names_ssim":["Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920"],"persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_572.xml","title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1897-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1897-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572","duPont family papers","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research use.","The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers.","The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.","This series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain a large number of photographs documenting the family and social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records, Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and Photographs.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1851-1925","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Jr., 1887-1949","Raskob, John J. (John Jakob), 1879-1950","Scott, William L. (William Levi), 1857-1934","Prickett, C. D. (Clifford Denslow), 1863-1949","Ramsay, William G. (William Gouverneur), 1866-1916","Cauffiel, Daniel, 1867-1930","Gregory, Thomas Watt, 1861-1933","Du Pont, William, 1855-1928","Crosby, H. T. (Howard T.), 1880-1928","Ross, Howard D. (Howard DeHaven), b. 1872","Miller, Robert W., 1890-1943","Hassan, A. A. (Addison A.), b. ca.1857- d.1935","Eckersley, J. H. (James H.), b. ca. 1857- d.1921","Browne, Hugh C.","Harrison, D. B. (Duncan B.), Major","Scott, Temple, b. 1864","Glasgow, William A. (William Anderson), Jr., 1865-1930","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Sr., 1857-1918","Loos, Henry B. (Henry Beatty), 1892-1918","Rogers, James H. (James Hague), 1848-1919","Thompson, J. Clayton (John Clayton), b. 1874","Bielaski, A. Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"normalized_title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"collection_ssim":["duPont family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creators_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusiness records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain a large number of photographs documenting the family and social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records, Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain a large number of photographs documenting the family and social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records, Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and Photographs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. 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L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1443,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c02_c06"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_617","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01","viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files"],"text":["Aubrey E. Strode papers","Strode attorney case files","Legal case files","W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy","box 24","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy","title_ssm":["W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy"],"title_tesim":["W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1917"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.W. Jackson Bankruptcy"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"extent_ssm":["1 folder(s)"],"extent_tesim":["1 folder(s)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":235,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917],"containers_ssim":["box 24","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#232","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:23:27.213Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_617","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_617.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/534","title_filing_ssi":"Strode, Aubrey E., papers","title_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"title_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"text":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617","Aubrey E. Strode papers","women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County","Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. Judge Advocate General","State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded -- Virginia","Democratic party -- Virginia","social problems","Thornhill Wagon Company","Tobacco Growers Co-operative Association","Kenmore High School--Amherst County (Va.)","lawyers","The Strode papers are arranged in seven series. Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.","The legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).","Family correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year.","Aubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. ","Upon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker. Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.","Strode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.","Perhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.","He argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.","Strode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.","Biographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.","Aubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.","Aubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.","Children of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.","\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death.","This folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point.","See also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case.","Aubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. ","It also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. ","There are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.","Other topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. ","This series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.","This subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.","The folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.","This subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.","Documents include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.","Includes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).","The correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.","Includes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).","Includes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.","Many of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.","Includes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.","This folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).","Includes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.","B. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia.","This collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Hubbard family","Strode family","Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss 3014","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/617"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"collection_ssim":["Aubrey E. Strode papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"geogname_ssim":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"creator_ssm":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creator_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"creators_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912"],"places_ssim":["women--education -- Virginia","Virginia -- Lynchburg","Virginia -- Amherst County"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Aubrey E. Strode papers were originally were placed on loan to the University of Virginia library by his wife, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith, on September 20, 1948, but were made a gift on June 15, 1971. Other smaller accessions were given to the Library to the original group of papers as gifts on January 25, 1961,June 14, 1971, and July 13, 1971."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. Judge Advocate General","State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded -- Virginia","Democratic party -- Virginia","social problems","Thornhill Wagon Company","Tobacco Growers Co-operative Association","Kenmore High School--Amherst County (Va.)","lawyers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Eugenics -- Virginia","Involuntary sterilization","practice of law -- Virginia","United States. Army. 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Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Strode papers are arranged in seven series. Series one consists of Strode's attorney case files with two subseries, a) legal case files and b) legal documents and small cases; series two contains the correspondence from Strode's legal practice and judgeship; the third series has family and personal correspondence; the fourth series contains topical and miscellany files; series five has financial papers; series six consists of bound volumes, notebooks, and memoranda books; the seventh and last series is folio bound volumes.","The legal correspondence, both incoming to the law office of Strode and Tucker and the outgoing correspondence from Strode and Tucker, are arranged alphabetically within year(s) by the last name of the correspondent or the chief name of the business; This system appears to have lasted through 1917, coinciding with the beginning of Strode's Judge Advocate General service. After that, the clear delineation between Strode's own correspondence and correspondence coming into the office is not defined and the two types are generally interfiled together, alphabetically by year(s).","Family correspondence was sometimes found within Strode's legal correspondence files and sometimes elsewhere. As much as could be determined, all family correspondence has been separated and arranged by year."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker. Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBiographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChildren of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biography","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Aubrey Ellis Strode, an American lawyer and Democratic politician, was born on October 2, 1873, at Amherst, Virginia, to Henry Aubrey Strode (1844-1898) and Mildred Powell Ellis Strode (1854-1898). Strode graduated from Kenmore High School at Amherst, and attended college at the University of Mississippi, Washington and Lee (1891-1892), and studied law at the University of Virginia, 1898-1899. Strode served as the principal of Ridgeway High School, Ridgeway, South Carolina, and Kenmore University High School, Amherst County, Virginia. The house \"Kenmore,\" was a colonial brick home built by Samuel Meredith Garland, whose granddaughter, Mildred Ellis, married Henry Aubrey Strode. Kenmore Farm became a preparatory high school operated by Henry Aubrey Strode between 1872 and 1889, and 1896-1899. Henry Aubrey Strode also served as the first president of Clemson University, 1890-1893. Aubrey Ellis Strode became principal and continued the school for a few years when his father fell ill. ","Upon the death of his parents and being the eldest of the remaining family, Strode decided to study law, passed the bar examination and began practicing law in Amherst County and Lynchburg. His first law partner was Stickley Tucker (1879-1912), the oldest son of Cornelius S. Tucker and Sallie Stickley Tucker. Aubrey E. Strode and John William Stickley Tucker signed articles of agreement on December 31, 1902, becoming partners in the practice of law, pertaining to the counties of Amherst and Nelson, Virginia under the name of Strode and Tucker, beginning January 1, 1903, with the general office at Amherst Court House. This practice was distinct from the law practice of Aubrey Strode in Lynchburg, Virginia. Later a memorandum of partnership agreement between Aubrey E. Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr. took effect on March 1, 1923 under the firm name of Strode and Edmunds, with Strode as the senior partner.","Strode represented Amherst County and Nelson County in the Virginia Senate, from 1906-1912, and 1916-1920 and was the elector at large in Virginia in 1928. He was an active member of the Democratic Party in Virginia and a popular public speaker supporting Democratic candidates during elections. During World War I, he joined the United States Army serving with the Judge Advocate General Department of the Officers' Reserve Corps. Strode was commissioned April 23, 1918 as Major Judge Advocate and then promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Judge Advocate May 15, 1919. While in service, he was on active duty at Washington, D.C. from May 15, 1918 until January 1919, and from February through August 1919, served with the American Expeditionary Forces at Chaumont and Paris, France. Strode was discharged on August 12, 1919.","Perhaps best known as the lawyer who wrote the statute known as the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924, Strode was also a long-time legal advisor to the Board of the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded. The Colony was located in Madison Heights near Lynchburg, Virginia, and authorized by a bill written in 1906 by Aubrey Strode in collaboration with Dr. Albert Priddy, who served as the first superintendent, and Joseph DeJarnette, superintendent at Western State Hospital in Staunton, Virginia.","He argued the case of Buck v. Bell before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1927. Carrie Buck was a young woman from Charlottesville who Dr. Priddy petitioned to have sterilized. Priddy died during the litigation and his successor as superintendent of the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble Minded, Dr. John Bell, took up the cause. The Supreme Court upheld the statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit \"for the protection and health of the state\" on May 2, 1927. The Supreme Court majority opinion was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.","Strode was also a judge in the Corporation Court of Lynchburg (1933-1944). Strode died May 17, 1946 following his retirement from the bench due to poor health.","Biographical notes on Aubrey E. Strode siblings, wives and offspring is described in this subnote.","Aubrey E. Strode was the eldest child in his family and had seven siblings, six sisters and one brother. These include: Leslie Strode (1875- ?); Grace Strode (1877-1933); Ida Strode Berry (1878-1963) married Taylor Berry in 1898; Lucille Garland Strode (1882-1954) married William Ralph Smith in 1911; Edith Strode (1882-? ) married Dr. Howard Lilienthal; Mildred Strode Vandegrift (1886-1952); and Dr. Basil E. Strode (1888-1952), who served as a 1st Lt. in the Medical Corp in World War I.","Aubrey Ellis Strode married first Rebekah Davies Brown Strode (1874-1922) of Arlington, Virginia, on June 4, 1903, and second, Louisa Hubbard Strode Smith (1896-1989) of Forest, Virginia, in 1923.","Children of Aubrey E. Strode and Rebekah Brown Strode include: William Lewis Strode (1904-1906), Mildred Ellis Strode (1906-?) who married William Tucker Battle, Rebekah Elizabeth Strode (1913-1998) who married St. George Tucker Lee in 1936, Aubrey Ellis Strode, Jr. (1908-1970), and John Thompson Brown Strode (1910-1971). Hildreth Hubbard Strode (1926-2016) was the son of Aubrey E. Strode and Louis Hubbard Strode.","\"The Amherst Progress\" was described by Strode as a \"democratic, country, weekly newspaper\" with a circulation of between seven and eight hundred subscribers in 1914. The paper was established in 1904 by Stickley Tucker (1879-1912) the editor–in-chief and business manager, and was published until his ill health and death."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMAA 3014, Aubrey E. Strode papers, Albert and Shirely Small Special Collections, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MAA 3014, Aubrey E. Strode papers, Albert and Shirely Small Special Collections, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This folder has been created by the processor for the convenience of students and other researchers. It was not a file created by Aubrey Strode. It does not claim to be an exhaustive resource for the topic in this collection, but a starting point."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Frank R. Smith v. C.J. Campbell case."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eB. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Aubrey E. Strode (1861-1969,88 cubic feet) was a Virginia lawyer, state senator and eugenics advocate who drafted the Virginia sterilization law and brought Buck vs. Bell to the Supreme Court. This collection consists of his personal and professional papers concerning his family, law practice, army service, political and legislative activities as a member of the Virginia Senate, the Virginia Democratic Party and the Progressive movement, and as a co-owner of the newspaper, The Amherst Progress. The bulk of the papers consists of the files of the law firms of Strode and Tucker and Strode and Edwards, containing correspondence, court records, trial transcripts, exhibits, estate settlements, debt collections, and various legal documents. ","It also includes some speeches, bills, and correspondence with Edwin A. Alderman in the political and legislative papers in series four concerning the proposal to establish a coordinate Woman's College at the University of Virginia and the budgetary needs of the University of Virginia in the legislature. There are also letters in the family correspondence from his cousin, Dr. Rosalie Slaughter Morton (1876-1968), an American physician and surgeon, concerning her trips abroad and her autobiographical books. ","There are three files in this collection entirely concerned with Strode's role in eugenics and sterilization in Virginia and they are: Carrie Buck v. Dr. J.H. Bell, 1925 June 1 (Box 9); State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-Minded, 1908, 1920-1922 (Box 42); and Sterilization and Eugenics, 1924-1947 (Box 159). Much of the other material is scattered among his legal practice alphabetical correspondence files, under the last name of correspondents such as William F. Drewry, superintendent of Central State Hospital; Dr. Albert Priddy, first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded; his successor, Dr. John H. Bell; and Dr. J.S. DeJarnette, superintendent of Western State Hospital or chronologically in the political and legislative series.","Other topics with significant material in these papers include: the American Legion; The Amherst Progress (for additional information about the newspaper and the partnership with Tucker, see Strode's incoming legal practice correspondence files under \"T\" containing letters from Stickly Tucker and Strode's outgoing legal practice correspondence files under \"S\"); Judge Advocate General material; Kenmore High School, Amherst County, Virginia; the Lynchburg Jail; Marshal Lodge Memorial Hospital, where Strode served on the Board of Directors; and political and legislative material. ","This series consists of files and documents generated by Aubrey Strode's legal practice and are arranged alphabetically by the first name in the legal case or document.","This subseries contains files of specific cases and are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client mentioned first in the lawsuit, divorce case, settlement of an estate, etc.","The folder 1917 January includes the composition of a segregation ordinance for the town.","This subseries consists of individual legal document handled by Strode or very small cases without their own file, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the client or the first person mentioned in the document.","Documents include deeds, documents concerning the sale of the \"Kenmore Farm\" and school property and a memorandum of partnership agreement between Strode and J. Easley Edmunds, Jr., March 30, 1923.","Includes memoranda from Adrienne Adkerson to Strode concerning office matters, chiefly while Strode was in Richmond attending the General Assembly session (1916).","The correspondence of Strodes first wife, Rebekah Brown Strode, has been included in the Strode family correspondence before their marriage. The correspondence of his second wife, Louisa Dexter Hubbard Strode, before their marriage is included in the Hubbard family correspondence and with the Strode family afterwards, 1924 on.","Includes several letters from Strode to his family physician, Dr. F. Vooeheis about the general health of his parents and their immediate cause of death, when he was trying to get insurance. Both parents died in hospitals for the insane after health events affected their minds(December 29 and 30, 1902; and January 2, 1903).","Includes sheet music by Chertsey H. De Jarnette and Dr. J.S. De Jarnette, and a first draft of Strode's obituary by Martin Adams.","Many of these sales were conducted by Aubrey E. Strode as the trustee or commissioner for lands, mills, and other property in Amherst or nearby counties and towns.","Includes \"Aubrey H. Strode and Confederate Memories\" by Camm Patteson (1840-1909), June 2, 1905.","This folder includes a letter from Dr. Howard Lilienthal, brother-in-law of Strode, thanking Strode for his sterilization paper, attached to the letter, which Strode had forwarded to him. Dr. Lilienthal gives his own view on sterilization as a medical man (February 16, 1925).","Includes arrangements and designs for a monument and stained glass window as a memorial for Henry Aubrey Strode and Mildred Ellis Strode and bids, estimates, and a contract for the construction of a house for Aubrey E. Strode.","B. W. Landrum account on page 38. Mr. Landrum was a merchant, farmer, and postmaster in New Glasgow, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Hubbard family","Strode family","Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hubbard family","Strode family","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"famname_ssim":["Hubbard family","Strode family"],"persname_ssim":["Strode, Aubrey Ellis, 1873-1946","Tucker, John William Stickley, 1879-1912","Smith, Louise Dexter Hubbard Strode, 1896-1989"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":889,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:23:27.213Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_617_c01_c01_c233"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c397","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c397#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c397","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c397"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c397","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Siler Family Papers","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Siler Family Papers","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89)"],"text":["Siler Family Papers","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89)","W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley","Box S2/Box 33","Folder 33"],"title_filing_ssi":"W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley","title_ssm":["W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley"],"title_tesim":["W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1848-1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.W. Kinsley vs. J.A. Lepley"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":577,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"containers_ssim":["Box S2/Box 33","Folder 33"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#396","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5880.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198957","title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"text":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880","Siler Family Papers","Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry -- Nannie S. 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Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Poetry -- Nannie S. 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The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal and business papers and correspondence of J. Hammond Siler, Jr. and his career with the Federal Bank Reserve of Richmond, VA. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_172a403f6611d4a5931c460b0b7692df\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"containers_ssim":["Box S2/Box 33","Folder 34"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#397","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5880.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198957","title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"text":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880","Siler Family Papers","Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry -- Nannie S. 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Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Poetry -- Nannie S. 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Also includes the correspondence of other members of the Castleman family and genealogical material for the Hammond, Castleman, and Siler families.","This series includes assorted photographs of the Siler family.","This series includes ledgers for the Hammond \u0026 Siler and John T. Siler \u0026 Son businesses, assorted account books, and family bibles.","This series consists of assorted oversize material, including blueprints, children's books, and sheet music.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. 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Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Poetry -- Nannie S. Castleman","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry -- Nannie S. 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Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Poetry -- Nannie S. Castleman","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. (149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. (149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"genreform_ssim":["Business correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003emissing; 2011/04/15; mrr\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nseries 2, box 47, folder 13\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n--\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003earchives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Legacy Administrative Notes","Legacy Formats"],"odd_tesim":["missing; 2011/04/15; mrr","\nseries 2, box 47, folder 13","\n--","archives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Siler Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2200, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Siler Family Papers, A\u0026M 2200, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal and business papers and correspondence of J. Hammond Siler, Jr. and his career with the Federal Bank Reserve of Richmond, VA. Also included are records of various regional and national banking conferences and assorted printed material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal and legal correspondence and papers of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and his career as a lawyer in West Virginia. Also included are assorted deeds, ledgers, and pamphlets on various legal and religious topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal correspondence of Jessie Castleman Siler, wife of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. Also included is material regarding the Red Cross.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal correspondence of A.C. Hammond. Also included are material regarding Hammond's finances and assorted legal papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal correspondence and financial papers of Ann R. Castleman. Also includes the correspondence of other members of the Castleman family and genealogical material for the Hammond, Castleman, and Siler families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes assorted photographs of the Siler family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes ledgers for the Hammond \u0026amp; Siler and John T. Siler \u0026amp; Son businesses, assorted account books, and family bibles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of assorted oversize material, including blueprints, children's books, and sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50 \nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89 \nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2 \nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4 \nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2 \nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1 \nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26 \nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1","This series includes the personal and business papers and correspondence of J. Hammond Siler, Jr. and his career with the Federal Bank Reserve of Richmond, VA. Also included are records of various regional and national banking conferences and assorted printed material.","This series includes the personal and legal correspondence and papers of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and his career as a lawyer in West Virginia. Also included are assorted deeds, ledgers, and pamphlets on various legal and religious topics.","This series includes the personal correspondence of Jessie Castleman Siler, wife of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. Also included is material regarding the Red Cross.","This series includes the personal correspondence of A.C. Hammond. Also included are material regarding Hammond's finances and assorted legal papers.","This series includes the personal correspondence and financial papers of Ann R. Castleman. Also includes the correspondence of other members of the Castleman family and genealogical material for the Hammond, Castleman, and Siler families.","This series includes assorted photographs of the Siler family.","This series includes ledgers for the Hammond \u0026 Siler and John T. Siler \u0026 Son businesses, assorted account books, and family bibles.","This series consists of assorted oversize material, including blueprints, children's books, and sheet music."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_172a403f6611d4a5931c460b0b7692df\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Seiler family","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. 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The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal and business papers and correspondence of J. Hammond Siler, Jr. and his career with the Federal Bank Reserve of Richmond, VA. 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The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50 \nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89 \nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2 \nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4 \nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2 \nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1 \nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26 \nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1","This series includes the personal and business papers and correspondence of J. Hammond Siler, Jr. and his career with the Federal Bank Reserve of Richmond, VA. Also included are records of various regional and national banking conferences and assorted printed material.","This series includes the personal and legal correspondence and papers of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and his career as a lawyer in West Virginia. Also included are assorted deeds, ledgers, and pamphlets on various legal and religious topics.","This series includes the personal correspondence of Jessie Castleman Siler, wife of J. Hammond Siler, Sr. Also included is material regarding the Red Cross.","This series includes the personal correspondence of A.C. Hammond. Also included are material regarding Hammond's finances and assorted legal papers.","This series includes the personal correspondence and financial papers of Ann R. Castleman. Also includes the correspondence of other members of the Castleman family and genealogical material for the Hammond, Castleman, and Siler families.","This series includes assorted photographs of the Siler family.","This series includes ledgers for the Hammond \u0026 Siler and John T. Siler \u0026 Son businesses, assorted account books, and family bibles.","This series consists of assorted oversize material, including blueprints, children's books, and sheet music."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_172a403f6611d4a5931c460b0b7692df\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Seiler family","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company"],"famname_ssim":["Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"persname_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1463,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c619"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W. W. Spooner research on genealogy","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Biography","Alfred I. Du Pont and Du Pont Family History."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Biography","Alfred I. Du Pont and Du Pont Family History."],"text":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Biography","Alfred I. Du Pont and Du Pont Family History.","W. W. Spooner research on genealogy","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","English","box 1","folder 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"W. W. Spooner research on genealogy","title_ssm":["W. W. Spooner research on genealogy"],"title_tesim":["W. W. Spooner research on genealogy"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1919"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. W. Spooner research on genealogy"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["duPont family papers"],"extent_ssm":["1 Files"],"extent_tesim":["1 Files"],"creator_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":14,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919],"names_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922"],"persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#0/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_572.xml","title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1897-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1897-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572","duPont family papers","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research use.","The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers.","The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.","This series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain a large number of photographs documenting the family and social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records, Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and Photographs.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1851-1925","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Jr., 1887-1949","Raskob, John J. (John Jakob), 1879-1950","Scott, William L. (William Levi), 1857-1934","Prickett, C. D. (Clifford Denslow), 1863-1949","Ramsay, William G. (William Gouverneur), 1866-1916","Cauffiel, Daniel, 1867-1930","Gregory, Thomas Watt, 1861-1933","Du Pont, William, 1855-1928","Crosby, H. T. (Howard T.), 1880-1928","Ross, Howard D. (Howard DeHaven), b. 1872","Miller, Robert W., 1890-1943","Hassan, A. A. (Addison A.), b. ca.1857- d.1935","Eckersley, J. H. (James H.), b. ca. 1857- d.1921","Browne, Hugh C.","Harrison, D. B. (Duncan B.), Major","Scott, Temple, b. 1864","Glasgow, William A. (William Anderson), Jr., 1865-1930","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Sr., 1857-1918","Loos, Henry B. (Henry Beatty), 1892-1918","Rogers, James H. (James Hague), 1848-1919","Thompson, J. Clayton (John Clayton), b. 1874","Bielaski, A. Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"normalized_title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"collection_ssim":["duPont family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creators_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville, Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will, the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee University, along with the duPont family papers located in Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I. Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont Papers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusiness records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. 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It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to 1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain a large number of photographs documenting the family and social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records, Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and Photographs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1851-1925","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Jr., 1887-1949","Raskob, John J. (John Jakob), 1879-1950","Scott, William L. (William Levi), 1857-1934","Prickett, C. D. (Clifford Denslow), 1863-1949","Ramsay, William G. (William Gouverneur), 1866-1916","Cauffiel, Daniel, 1867-1930","Gregory, Thomas Watt, 1861-1933","Du Pont, William, 1855-1928","Crosby, H. T. (Howard T.), 1880-1928","Ross, Howard D. (Howard DeHaven), b. 1872","Miller, Robert W., 1890-1943","Hassan, A. A. (Addison A.), b. ca.1857- d.1935","Eckersley, J. H. (James H.), b. ca. 1857- d.1921","Browne, Hugh C.","Harrison, D. B. (Duncan B.), Major","Scott, Temple, b. 1864","Glasgow, William A. (William Anderson), Jr., 1865-1930","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Sr., 1857-1918","Loos, Henry B. (Henry Beatty), 1892-1918","Rogers, James H. (James Hague), 1848-1919","Thompson, J. Clayton (John Clayton), b. 1874","Bielaski, A. Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)"],"famname_ssim":["Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family"],"persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1851-1925","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Jr., 1887-1949","Raskob, John J. (John Jakob), 1879-1950","Scott, William L. (William Levi), 1857-1934","Prickett, C. D. (Clifford Denslow), 1863-1949","Ramsay, William G. (William Gouverneur), 1866-1916","Cauffiel, Daniel, 1867-1930","Gregory, Thomas Watt, 1861-1933","Du Pont, William, 1855-1928","Crosby, H. T. (Howard T.), 1880-1928","Ross, Howard D. (Howard DeHaven), b. 1872","Miller, Robert W., 1890-1943","Hassan, A. A. (Addison A.), b. ca.1857- d.1935","Eckersley, J. H. (James H.), b. ca. 1857- d.1921","Browne, Hugh C.","Harrison, D. B. (Duncan B.), Major","Scott, Temple, b. 1864","Glasgow, William A. (William Anderson), Jr., 1865-1930","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Sr., 1857-1918","Loos, Henry B. (Henry Beatty), 1892-1918","Rogers, James H. (James Hague), 1848-1919","Thompson, J. Clayton (John Clayton), b. 1874","Bielaski, A. Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1443,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c01_c01_c11"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W-Y \"Letters\" Binders","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Fries Textile Plant Records","Series II: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Fries Textile Plant Records","Series II: Correspondence"],"text":["Fries Textile Plant Records","Series II: Correspondence","W-Y \"Letters\" Binders","box 28","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"W-Y \"Letters\" Binders","title_ssm":["W-Y \"Letters\" Binders"],"title_tesim":["W-Y \"Letters\" Binders"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W-Y \"Letters\" Binders"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3171,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research with the exception of Boxes 50, 51, 117, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 179, and 185, which contain HIPAA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1913],"containers_ssim":["box 28","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#963","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:22.107Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3436.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Fries Textile Plant Records","title_ssm":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"title_tesim":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1900-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1989.039"],"text":["Ms.1989.039","Fries Textile Plant Records","Fries (Va.)","Grayson County (Va.)","Company towns","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Textile manufacturers","Textile workers","Textiles (visual works)","The collection is open for research with the exception of Boxes 50, 51, 117, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 179, and 185, which contain HIPAA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 yers due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online .","An exhibit, \"The Only Game In Town: A Selection from the Fries Textile Plant Records\" is also available online .","The collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:","Series I. Company Files Series II. Correspondence Series III. Financial Records Series IV. Personnel Records Series V. Production Materials Series VI. Legal Records Series VII. Blueprints Series VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d.","In 1903, Colonel Francis Henry Fries founded the town of Fries and constructed a textile plant in Grayson County, Virginia. Fries was president of the Washington Mills Company as well as Wachovia Bank, for some time. He used his business and political connections to build a spur to a main branch of the Norfolk and Western Railroad and to construct a dam on the New River to generate power for the mill. The Washington Mills Company owned nearly every building in the town, which flourished in the early twentieth century with a population of over 1,700 in 1910. By 1929, there were four textile mills in Grayson County, and Washington Mills in Fries was the largest, employing as many as 600 people. "," Employment at Washington Mills peaked after World War II with over 1,200 workers. For decades, the mill had cutting edge equipment and competed nationally with other textile production facilities. By the 1980s, the company faced overseas competition and the need to modernize the plant. In 1988, company leaders chose to close the plant, which at that time employed only a few hundred workers.\n \n Sources: Bond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. A History of the Town of Fries, Virginia. Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977. \"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech. National Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007, available at https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/220-5015/ .","Bond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. A History of the Town of Fries, Virginia. Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977. \"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech. National Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007.","The guide to the Fries Textile Plant Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."," The processing, arrangement, and description of the Fries Textile Plant Records commenced in October 2018 and completed in July 2019 as part of the project, \"They're Closing Down the Textile Mill: Creating Access to the Fries Textile Plant Records,\" funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) .","This collection includes correspondence, ledgers, production records, employee records, photographs, fabric samples, and other items documenting the history of the town and plant from their creation in the eary 1900s to the close of the mill in 1988. "," Series I. Company Files and Series II. Correspondence mainly document the day-to-day running of the mill, highlighting relationships with other local and national businesses in fields such as textiles, factory machinery, coal, insurance, and construction. These records also illustrate some aspects of the lives of the mill employees. "," Series III. Financial Records document the more quantifiable aspect of the business through invoices, pay records, and account balance books, showing the health and trajectory of the company over time. "," Series IV. Personnel Records convey the activity of the mill by recording the number of each type of employee, how much they worked, and when, as well as some glimpses into the personal lives of the mill workers. "," Series V. Production Materials more concretely illustrate the output of the mill through fabric samples and reports of production versus cost over time. "," Series VI. Legal Records show how the mill grew and evolved over time in relation to the community in which it operated. "," Series VII. Blueprints show how the mill buildings themselves were conceived, built, and changed from 1900-1974, when the last major renovations were completed.\n \n Series VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d., includes photographs from the Fries plant and town of Fries, primarily of employees and events, and one oversize drawing with images of the Washington Mills Plants in Fries, Virginia, and in North Carolina.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Note on box states \"Copyright 1978 - Viacom\"","The Fries Textile Plant Records includes correspondence, production data, personnel ledgers, photographs, legal and financial materials, internal reports, blueprints, and other administrative materials. The collection provides a complete history of the company's operations, from its founding at the turn of the twentieth century until its closure in the 1980s.","Please note: Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. The oversize folder is onsite. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1989.039"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"collection_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Fries (Va.)","Grayson County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fries (Va.)","Grayson County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Fries (Va.)","Grayson County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Fries Textile Plant Records were deposited with Special Collections and University Archives in 1989. Ownership of the collection was transferred in 2016. Additional blueprints and slides were donated in December 2016 and July 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Company towns","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Textile manufacturers","Textile workers","Textiles (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Company towns","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Textile manufacturers","Textile workers","Textiles (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 190 Cubic Feet 185 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 190 Cubic Feet 185 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Textiles (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research with the exception of Boxes 50, 51, 117, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 179, and 185, which contain HIPAA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 yers due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research with the exception of Boxes 50, 51, 117, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 179, and 185, which contain HIPAA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 yers due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted under HIPAA due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1989-039\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn exhibit, \"The Only Game In Town: A Selection from the Fries Textile Plant Records\" is also \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/the-only-game-in-town--a-selec\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online .","An exhibit, \"The Only Game In Town: A Selection from the Fries Textile Plant Records\" is also available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Company Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Financial Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Personnel Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Production Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Legal Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Blueprints\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:","Series I. Company Files Series II. Correspondence Series III. Financial Records Series IV. Personnel Records Series V. Production Materials Series VI. Legal Records Series VII. Blueprints Series VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1903, Colonel Francis Henry Fries founded the town of Fries and constructed a textile plant in Grayson County, Virginia. Fries was president of the Washington Mills Company as well as Wachovia Bank, for some time. He used his business and political connections to build a spur to a main branch of the Norfolk and Western Railroad and to construct a dam on the New River to generate power for the mill. The Washington Mills Company owned nearly every building in the town, which flourished in the early twentieth century with a population of over 1,700 in 1910. By 1929, there were four textile mills in Grayson County, and Washington Mills in Fries was the largest, employing as many as 600 people. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Employment at Washington Mills peaked after World War II with over 1,200 workers. For decades, the mill had cutting edge equipment and competed nationally with other textile production facilities. By the 1980s, the company faced overseas competition and the need to modernize the plant. In 1988, company leaders chose to close the plant, which at that time employed only a few hundred workers.\n \n \u003cb\u003eSources:\u003c/b\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of the Town of Fries, Virginia.\u003c/title\u003e Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNational Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007, available at \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/220-5015/\" target=\"new\"\u003ehttps://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/220-5015/\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eBond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of the Town of Fries, Virginia.\u003c/title\u003e Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977.\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003e\"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eNational Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007.\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1903, Colonel Francis Henry Fries founded the town of Fries and constructed a textile plant in Grayson County, Virginia. Fries was president of the Washington Mills Company as well as Wachovia Bank, for some time. He used his business and political connections to build a spur to a main branch of the Norfolk and Western Railroad and to construct a dam on the New River to generate power for the mill. The Washington Mills Company owned nearly every building in the town, which flourished in the early twentieth century with a population of over 1,700 in 1910. By 1929, there were four textile mills in Grayson County, and Washington Mills in Fries was the largest, employing as many as 600 people. "," Employment at Washington Mills peaked after World War II with over 1,200 workers. For decades, the mill had cutting edge equipment and competed nationally with other textile production facilities. By the 1980s, the company faced overseas competition and the need to modernize the plant. In 1988, company leaders chose to close the plant, which at that time employed only a few hundred workers.\n \n Sources: Bond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. A History of the Town of Fries, Virginia. Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977. \"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech. National Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007, available at https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/220-5015/ .","Bond, Avery, and Martha Nichols, comps. and eds. A History of the Town of Fries, Virginia. Collinsville, VA: Collinsville Printing Company, 1977. \"Historical Background, Town of Fries, Compiled in 1953 for 50th Anniversary of Fries,\" box 34, Fries Textile Plant Records, Special Collections, Virginia Tech. National Register of Historic Places. \"Fries Boarding Houses, VDHR#220-5015,\" September 14, 2007."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Fries Textile Plant Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Fries Textile Plant Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Fries Textile Plant Records, Ms1989-039, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Fries Textile Plant Records, Ms1989-039, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg width=\"200\" align=\"left\" src=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/files/original/a2eeb5148408709c99f3e268e1177900.jpg\"\u003e The processing, arrangement, and description of the Fries Textile Plant Records commenced in October 2018 and completed in July 2019 as part of the project, \"They're Closing Down the Textile Mill: Creating Access to the Fries Textile Plant Records,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":[" The processing, arrangement, and description of the Fries Textile Plant Records commenced in October 2018 and completed in July 2019 as part of the project, \"They're Closing Down the Textile Mill: Creating Access to the Fries Textile Plant Records,\" funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence, ledgers, production records, employee records, photographs, fabric samples, and other items documenting the history of the town and plant from their creation in the eary 1900s to the close of the mill in 1988. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series I. Company Files and Series II. Correspondence mainly document the day-to-day running of the mill, highlighting relationships with other local and national businesses in fields such as textiles, factory machinery, coal, insurance, and construction. These records also illustrate some aspects of the lives of the mill employees. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series III. Financial Records document the more quantifiable aspect of the business through invoices, pay records, and account balance books, showing the health and trajectory of the company over time. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series IV. Personnel Records convey the activity of the mill by recording the number of each type of employee, how much they worked, and when, as well as some glimpses into the personal lives of the mill workers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series V. Production Materials more concretely illustrate the output of the mill through fabric samples and reports of production versus cost over time. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series VI. Legal Records show how the mill grew and evolved over time in relation to the community in which it operated. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series VII. Blueprints show how the mill buildings themselves were conceived, built, and changed from 1900-1974, when the last major renovations were completed.\n \n Series VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d., includes photographs from the Fries plant and town of Fries, primarily of employees and events, and one oversize drawing with images of the Washington Mills Plants in Fries, Virginia, and in North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence, ledgers, production records, employee records, photographs, fabric samples, and other items documenting the history of the town and plant from their creation in the eary 1900s to the close of the mill in 1988. "," Series I. Company Files and Series II. Correspondence mainly document the day-to-day running of the mill, highlighting relationships with other local and national businesses in fields such as textiles, factory machinery, coal, insurance, and construction. These records also illustrate some aspects of the lives of the mill employees. "," Series III. Financial Records document the more quantifiable aspect of the business through invoices, pay records, and account balance books, showing the health and trajectory of the company over time. "," Series IV. Personnel Records convey the activity of the mill by recording the number of each type of employee, how much they worked, and when, as well as some glimpses into the personal lives of the mill workers. "," Series V. Production Materials more concretely illustrate the output of the mill through fabric samples and reports of production versus cost over time. "," Series VI. Legal Records show how the mill grew and evolved over time in relation to the community in which it operated. "," Series VII. Blueprints show how the mill buildings themselves were conceived, built, and changed from 1900-1974, when the last major renovations were completed.\n \n Series VIII. Illustrations, ca. 1970s-1980s, n.d., includes photographs from the Fries plant and town of Fries, primarily of employees and events, and one oversize drawing with images of the Washington Mills Plants in Fries, Virginia, and in North Carolina."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote on box states \"Copyright 1978 - Viacom\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Note on box states \"Copyright 1978 - Viacom\""],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1ce4274aaed374fd7fe7666d5e569f91\"\u003eThe Fries Textile Plant Records includes correspondence, production data, personnel ledgers, photographs, legal and financial materials, internal reports, blueprints, and other administrative materials. The collection provides a complete history of the company's operations, from its founding at the turn of the twentieth century until its closure in the 1980s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Fries Textile Plant Records includes correspondence, production data, personnel ledgers, photographs, legal and financial materials, internal reports, blueprints, and other administrative materials. The collection provides a complete history of the company's operations, from its founding at the turn of the twentieth century until its closure in the 1980s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_78b3d661802d05ef5c5158a40766d436\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. The oversize folder is onsite. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. The oversize folder is onsite. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Fries Textile Plant (Fries, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5423,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:22.107Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3436_c02_c964"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Series 1. Documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Series 1. Documents"],"text":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Series 1. Documents","Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH","Box 1","Folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH","title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH"],"title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863, 1914, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Family and Whig Party Activities in Ripley, OH"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","Folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3387.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197309","title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"text":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387","Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)","Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_ssim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"geogname_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"places_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026amp;M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the following groupings of letters:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRegular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters of Interest by Subject Include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBattles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCamp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJournalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMedicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePeace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWomen and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTemperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrincipal Letter Writers include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Family Members and Correspondents include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0d9e7e4385730a350f12213e1b771450\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church"],"persname_ssim":["Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":342,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387_c01_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3387.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197309","title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"text":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387","Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)","Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_ssim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"geogname_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"places_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026amp;M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the following groupings of letters:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRegular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters of Interest by Subject Include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBattles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCamp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJournalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMedicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePeace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWomen and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTemperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrincipal Letter Writers include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Family Members and Correspondents include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0d9e7e4385730a350f12213e1b771450\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church"],"persname_ssim":["Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":342,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3387.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197309","title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"text":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387","Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)","Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4068","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3387"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"collection_ssim":["Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"geogname_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"places_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century","Ohio River","Ripley (Ohio)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Camp Dennison (Ohio)","Civil War -- Camp Harrison","Civil War - Ohio 5th Infantry Regiment.","Civil War - raids and raiders.","Education -- History -- 19th century","Journalism -- 19th century","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century","Ohio - Politics and government - 19th century.","Temperance","Women and children -- Social history -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.83 Linear Feet 10 in. (2 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 3 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026amp;M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wylie-Tomlinson Letter Collection regarding the Civil War and Other Topics, A\u0026M 4068, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the following groupings of letters:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRegular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGroup 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters of Interest by Subject Include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBattles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCamp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJournalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMedicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOhio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePeace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWomen and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTemperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrincipal Letter Writers include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Family Members and Correspondents include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence of Will Tomlinson, a newspaper publisher in southern Ohio, his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson, and their children Sarah Isabella Tomlinson and William Byers Tomlinson, as well as other family members, friends, and colleagues.","The letters range from 1834 through 1897, the bulk of which date from 1861-1863 and from 1876-1880. Prominent topics include the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, life in Cincinnati and Ripley Ohio, journalism and newspaper publishing, Civil War battles, national and Ohio politics, educational practices, and religious practices, among other subjects.","The collection also contains documents and ephemera pertaining to the Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","The collection was researched for the book \"A Printer's Kiss: The Life and Letters of a Civil War Newspaperman\" authored by Patricia Donahoe.","This series contains published documents which pertain to Wylie-Tomlinson family genealogy and history, as well as Whig party activities in Ripley, Ohio.","This series consists of empty, undated envelopes used by the Wylie-Tomlinson family for correspondence.","This series contains the undated correspondence of the Wylie-Tomlinson family. Primary correspondents include Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917). These letters primarily document the relationships and activities of the Wylie-Tomlinson family.","This series contains miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera, such as calling card, recipe, tickets, etc.","This series contains the following groupings of letters: \n1. Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence; 1834-1872, 1880-1893; Box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 39, 49-55. \n2. Sarah Isabella Tomlinson to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson; 1876-1877; Box 2, folders 40-45, 50-55. \n3. Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson; 1877-1880; Box 2, folders 46-49.","The letters included in Series 5 consist primarily of correspondence between the core members of the Wylie-Tomlinson family, including Will Tomlinson (1823-1863) and his wife Eliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885), as well as letters from their daughter Sarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925) and their son William Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917.) Other family members, friends, and colleagues contribute some correspondence as well.","Group 1. The correspondence between Will and Eliza occurs during the period from 1834 to 1864, the bulk of which spans the earliest days of the Civil War. These letters are substantially about Will's enlistment and his participation in guerilla warfare in West Virginia; they also substantially document his involvement in Ohio politics and journalism. Many of the letters throughout the series comment on current events; both Will and Eliza make astute observations about politics and the events of the Civil War.","The correspondence between Eliza, Will, and later, William Byers, is full of insight into the politics of both Ohio and the larger national arena. Throughout the series, the inner workings and functions of the Cincinnati Gazette and the Ripley Bee are repeated subjects as Will was a newspaperman by trade. Will's fervor for politics was carried on by his son, William Byers, whose letters describe both current events and firsthand observation of Cincinnati politics.","William Byers, Sarah Isabella, and Eliza are the primary correspondents from 1864 to 1897, since Will died in 1863. Letters between William Byers and Sarah Isabella make up the bulk of the letters from 1868 to 1872. Subjects include life in Cincinnati, work at the Cincinnati Gazette, family affairs, and literature, as the siblings often write of what they are reading at the time. Specific texts written about include Charles Dicken's The Pickwick Papers and Oliver Optic's Magazine. Sarah Isabella engages in correspondence with her maternal great grandfather, John Byers from 1869 to 1870, and their letters show the close relationship between family members who have never met, have a great difference in age, yet have similar religious values.","Regular family correspondence resumes after their marriage, and the letters are included in the Wylie-Tomlinson Family Correspondence subgrouping. The primary correspondents are Alonzo, Sarah Isabella, Eliza, and William Byers. Subjects include Sarah Isabella's life in Stone Mountain, Pennsylvania, and William Byer's 1884 political career. The last letters of the series include the correspondence of Anna and W.S. Sherman.","Group 2. In the latter half of the series (1876-1880) Sarah Isabella remains a faithful correspondent to her mother, Eliza, writing to her constantly throughout her travels and career as a schoolteacher in Western Pennsylvania. These letters voluminously detail the educational practices and social and religious customs of this region. They also occasionally document fashion, through Sarah Isabella's reports of purchases to Eliza, and recipes, sometimes included in the exchanges between mother and daughter. These letters are collected in the Sarah Isabella to Eliza Wylie Tomlinson grouping.","Group 3. Sarah Isabella's future husband, a fellow schoolteacher named Alonzo Frescoln Smith, or \"Fritz,\" also contributes a great many letters in his courtship of Sarah Isabella from 1879 to 1880. His letters to Sarah Isabella are tender and almost obsessive, and are occasionally written in a secret code. Their correspondence is collected in the Alonzo Frescoln Smith to Sarah Isabella Tomlinson grouping.","Letters of Interest by Subject Include:","Abolition: 1860/12/12, 1861/01/13.","Battles of the Civil War: 1862/04/04, 1862/07/15, 1863/02/13, 1863/14/19, 1863/05/07.","Camp Dennison and Camp Harrison (Cincinnati, Ohio): 1861/06/12, 1861/06/22.","Cincinnati (Ohio): box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 38.","Duties of a Quartermaster Sergeant: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02.","Education -- Curricula -- United States -- History --19th century: box 2, folder 39-49.","Iowa -- Politics and government -- 19th century: 1860/06/24, 1861/10/07.","Journalism -- 19th century: box 1, folder 20 through box 2, folder 27.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Public opinion: 1861/02/12, 1863/04/09.","Medicine -- United States -- History -- 19th century: 1863/04/15, 1866/11/04, 1880/07/25.","Ohio Infantry -- 5th Regiment, 1861-1864: 1861/06/22, 1861/08/09, 1861/09/02, 1861/09/10.","Ohio -- Politics and government --19th century: 1861/10/07, 1863/04/19, 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Ohio River (Ohio): 1861/03/03, 1861/09/02.","Peace Democrats (Copperhead movement): 1863/05/07, 1863/10/29.","Presbyterian Church: box 1, folder 37 through box 2, folder 38, 42-46, 51.","Women and children -- Social conditions -- 19th century: box 2; 39-53.","Temperance -- Ohio -- Cincinnati -- History -- 19th century: 1863/06/28, 1864/10/23.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 - Participation, African American: 1863/02/13, 1863/04/09, 1863/04/15.","United States -- History - Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories -- Morgan's Cavalry Division (C.S.A.): 1862/07/15, 1862/07/18.","West Virginia -- History -- Farnsworth Blues: 1861/10/01, 1861/10/16, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Guerrilla warfare: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10.","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War -- Union campaigns: 1861/08/09, 1861/09/10, 1861/10/01, 1861/10/28.","West Virginia -- History -- Squirrel Hunter Campaign, 1862: 1862/09/22.","Principal Letter Writers include: \nWill Tomlinson (1823-1863): newspaper publisher and editor. \nEliza Wylie Tomlinson (1815-1885): Will's wife; writer and homemaker. \nWilliam Byers Tomlinson (1847-1917): Will and Eliza's son; newspaper publisher and editor. \nSarah Isabella Tomlinson (1853-1925): Will and Eliza's daughter; teacher and homemaker.","Other Family Members and Correspondents include: \nDr. Adam Wylie II (1785-1839): Eliza's father; medical doctor. \nSarah Byers Wylie (1788-1880): Eliza's mother. \nDr. Thomas Byers Wylie (1811-1864): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nDr. Adam Newton Wylie (1813-1891): Eliza's brother; medical doctor. \nWilliam B. Franklin Wylie (1824-1860): Eliza's brother; attorney at law. \nMargaret Shannon Wylie (1826-1846): Eliza's sister. \nAnne Tomlinson Hunter Skinner (1810-n.d.): Will's sister.","This series consists of oversize materials moved from Series 1."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0d9e7e4385730a350f12213e1b771450\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church","Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Copperhead movement","Presbyterian Church"],"persname_ssim":["Tomlinson, Eliza Wylie, 1815-1885","Tomlinson, Will, 1822-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":342,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:52:04.570Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3387"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":211},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":3086},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":404},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":79},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":839},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":14},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":112},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":375},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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