{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=281","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=280","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=282","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=297"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":281,"next_page":282,"prev_page":280,"total_pages":297,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2800,"total_count":2966,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Whittle-Greene Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2520#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePapers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2520#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2520.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Whittle-Greene Papers","title_ssm":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"title_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1855-1995, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1855-1995, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520"],"text":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520","Whittle-Greene Papers","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century","American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Diaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct.","Chloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's.","The collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013.","June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.","Diaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.","Scope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.","Scope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.","Death of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.","Scope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.","Scope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.","CTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.","Scope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)","Scope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer","Scope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.","Scope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.","5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.","Scope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.","9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.","Scope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.","Scope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard","Photocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.","Endorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.","\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"","Postcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"","Scope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"","\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"","Poem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"","Scope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"","From the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.","Engraved by Dean \u0026 Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.","Engraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Engraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Print. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.","From the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.","Scope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Captioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"","Scope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York","From a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.","From the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Engraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.","Likeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","From the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","Contains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.","Contains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.","Contains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.","Possibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.","Photograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre.","June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission.","Special Collections Research Center","Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mrs. Edward Duffy (1950) and the Chesapeake Public Library (1990)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDiaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Electronic Format:"],"altformavail_tesim":["Diaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Chloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhittle-Greene Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJune 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Norfolk Weekly Landmark\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur School Laureate\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEndorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePostcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePainted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Dean \u0026amp; Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaptioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePainted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePossibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.","Diaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.","Scope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.","Scope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.","Death of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.","Scope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.","Scope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.","CTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.","Scope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)","Scope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer","Scope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.","Scope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.","5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.","Scope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.","9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.","Scope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.","Scope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard","Photocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.","Endorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.","\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"","Postcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"","Scope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"","\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"","Poem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"","Scope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"","From the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.","Engraved by Dean \u0026 Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.","Engraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Engraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Print. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.","From the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.","Scope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Captioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"","Scope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York","From a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.","From the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Engraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.","Likeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","From the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","Contains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.","Contains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.","Contains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.","Possibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.","Photograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJune 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Norfolk Weekly Landmark\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur School Laureate\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"famname_ssim":["Greene family","Whittle family"],"persname_ssim":["Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":199,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:55:23.487Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2520","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2520.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Whittle-Greene Papers","title_ssm":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"title_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1855-1995, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1855-1995, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520"],"text":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520","Whittle-Greene Papers","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century","American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Diaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct.","Chloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's.","The collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013.","June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.","Diaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.","Scope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.","Scope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.","Death of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.","Scope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.","Scope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.","CTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.","Scope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)","Scope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer","Scope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.","Scope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.","5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.","Scope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.","9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.","Scope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.","Scope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard","Photocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.","Endorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.","\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"","Postcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"","Scope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"","\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"","Poem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"","Scope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"","From the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.","Engraved by Dean \u0026 Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.","Engraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Engraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Print. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.","From the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.","Scope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Captioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"","Scope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York","From a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.","From the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Engraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.","Likeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","From the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","Contains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.","Contains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.","Contains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.","Possibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.","Photograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre.","June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission.","Special Collections Research Center","Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 W61","/repositories/2/resources/2520"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Whittle-Greene Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mrs. Edward Duffy (1950) and the Chesapeake Public Library (1990)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American diaries--Women authors","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDiaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Electronic Format:"],"altformavail_tesim":["Diaries issued in microfilm as part of American Women's Diaries Readex Film Products, New Canaan, Ct."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Chloe Tyler Whittle Greene was married to John Newport Greene. She lived in Norfolk, Virginia during the mid to late 1800's and early 1900's."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhittle-Greene Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Whittle-Greene Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was arranged, described, and rehoused by Matt Abel, Special Collections Staff, in September 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJune 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Norfolk Weekly Landmark\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur School Laureate\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEndorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePostcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePainted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Dean \u0026amp; Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaptioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePainted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePossibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Mostly diaries, 1855-1924, before and after her marriage to John Newport Greene. Also includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures. Topics covered by the diaries include secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage.","Diaries of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene and one diary of Grace Latimer Whittle. Topics covered by the diaries include yellow fever epidemic, secession, Civil War, Reconstruction, travel, life in Norfolk, Virginia and marriage. Includes addition 1990.18 -- a photocopy of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene's diary from the Chesapeake Public Library.","Scope and Contents Poem. An account of the summer of 1855 - yellow fever epidemic in Norfolk; difficulty of leaving Norfolk; fears of insurrection of slaves; heat of summer; newspapers play down the statistics; trip up the James River; travel over land to Natural Bridge; Lexington; Warm Springs. Section of poetry includes \"To Cloe on her 14th Birthday, (1857)\" \"Easter April 8, 1860\". Another section of poetry appears in the back in different handwriting.","Scope and Contents 4/12 reaction to Lincoln's call to arms; mentions her \"secession dress\"; limitations of being a woman and wishes she could do more for secessionist cause; 4/19 Virginia's secession rumored, not confirmed; birth of her niece; first Battle of Bull Run; CTW's 18th birthday; summary of events of past year; relatives who opposed secession; death of Uncle Armstrong; her sister Grace's marriage; school and social life.","Death of Jonnie Smith; reference to yellow fever epidemice of 1855; reference to Gen. John Pope's remarks concerning treatment of Confederate sympathizers under his army's jurisdiction and Jefferson Davis' reaction as reported in Philadelphia Inquirer. Battlefield success; heavy casualties suffered by Norfolk residents in service; rumored great victory against McClellan (9/20 entry); 9/25 summarizes past 12 months; blockade of Potomac; taking of Roanoke Island; evacuation of Norfolk; the Merrimac (Virginia) destroyed; 10/10 account of medical care in the field as told to her; 12/8 evacuation of Norfolk; 1/1 reaction to Emancipation Proclamation in Norfolk; invasion of Richmond; capture of Pope's coat; death of Stonewall Jackson; 7/11/63 arming of African Americans in Norfolk by Union; arrest and court martial of Dr. Wright.","Scope and Contents Life in Norfolk during occupation; trip south with stops in Suffolk, Ivor, Weldon, Raleigh, Charlotte, Chester, South Carolina (destination); visit to sister Mary (Mrs. JJ Sams); description of travel, troops along the way, social events in Chester, etc.; Charleston; receipt of letter from her father with news of Norfolk (1/84); his resistance to taking the oath, family and friends, etc.; 1/6 St. Thomas, McPhersonville; deser. Sams family; 4/18/1864 rumors of upcoming raid on Pennsylvania; Columbia South Carolina, high prices. Relative's possessions lost in Yankee Raid. Return trip north begun November 8, 1864 from Chester, South Carolina, S. Mulberry, North Carolina, Whitehall Plantation, Mt. Pleasant, Lucas Mills [Sullivan's Island, Ft. Moultico - side trips]. Sherman threatening Savannah; fall of Savannah; Charleston threatened; description of Christmas stocking; receives letter from father enclosing a permit to return to Norfolk provided that she signs an oath of allegiance to US and promises not to return to the Confederacy during the war; torn over decision; attended a dance over the holidays. 1/13/1865 - receives word that her father does not want her to start without someone to escort her through the lines; her brother-in-law fears she will be expelled or get her father in trouble if she tries to cross. 1/18 talk of evacuation of Charleston. 1/23 discussion with Capt. Hunter concerning reasons men go to war, education of women. 1/28 reports hearing peace rumors but also rumors of British and French involvement on the side of the Confederacy. 2/3 peace rumors; Monroe Doctrine. 2/15 decision to remain in Charleston in hopes of being sent back to Norfolk when the city falls. 2/24 travelling in South Carolina in company of Union officers; Northern and Southern war aim and attitudes as she sees them. 2/27 she prefers extermination to reconstruction \"a deeper disgrace than subjugation.\" Someone describes CTW as \"not near so rabid as many of them are.\" CTW's explanation for the election of Jefferson Davis and Stevens as P - VP; discussion of the oath, mood of Norfolk as seen by Union officers. CTW's dislike of the terms \"rebel\" and \"confederate.\" Northern attitude - called themselves \"Americans\"; Southern attitude - from a state. 3/4 receives pass to go to Hilton Head; 3/7 reports statement of her father that in event of Southern defeat, he would not remain in the country and that she would follow unless she could do more by staying on in a resistance movement.","Scope and Contents 3/22 in New York; description of house and furnishings. 3/30 In Norfolk; explains travel from SC - NY - Va; again mentions playing chess. Went to NY on Arago. CTW's description of conditions of slavery on plantations. 4/3 News that Richmond has fallen, visit to Confederate soldiers in prison. 4/11 Lee's Surrender: glad the Yankees got Lee instead of Davis; went to church - reference to Daniel 11:30; the will of God, which must be endured, but gald others have died and won't see it, \"worthlessness of presentiment\" - she really didn't expect this, or so she says. 4/15 - Assassination of Lincoln and attack on Seward. Notes coincidence of Lincoln's having appointed that day (Good Friday) as day of Thanks for victories and his assassination (then excuses Lincoln because he probably wasn't Episcopalian and didn't intend to profane the day) still, his death on the day of celebration. - that it will somehow be of use to the South (doesn't approve of it) others fear it will somehow be blamed on the South and hurt them. 4/16 reports of speech of Lee to his troops - that he does not think the war over Mosby's intention to fight on. 4/19 demitilarization of Lee's army to give in worse than war - would renew it. Not a peace if it doen't end in independance for south. 4/30 surrender of Johnston. 5/22 death of her brother-in-law Horace Sims (sister Gay's husband) 5/27 Horace died from typhoid; Gay and her children to return to Norfolk. 5/29 two Union officers she met in SC call on her, question of disposition of slaves. 6/16 indictment of Lee and others. 6/30 disapproves of Southern girls marrying Yankee officers.","CTW and her father accompanied Mrs. Leonard to visit Jefferson Davis in prison (Mrs. Leonard's uncle). Describes breakfast; Conway Whittle and Davis discuss end of war, why terms weren't reached before end o fwar, dealing with Lincoln and Seward. 9/10 - meeting to organize Washington Lee Association (to found orphanage for Children of Confederate dead); Conway Whittle goes to NY on business. 10/1 - CTW's impression of life in the North (unfavorable). 10/3 - meeting for Sunday School teachers - CTW is secretary of group. Mr. Barton - minister and his reorganization of the church. Describes another visit with President and Mrs. Davis - impression of Mrs. Davis. 10/31 - Mr. Leonard elected to legislature cholera in the area, but no cases nearby. (Cousin) Jennie Whittle suspended from her church for dancing. 5/1 - great list for small reception. 5/8 - visit to Jefferson Davis. 5/14 - Davis released on bail, CTW discovers he is in Norfolk and goes to meet him at the home of the Leonards. Davis embraces her but shakes hands with the other ladies in the private gathering. People of Norfolk turn out to see, touch Davis. 8/7 - leaves Norfolk on trip. 8/11 - in White Sulfur Springs; introduced to Robert E. Lee, later to General Custis Lee. 8/31 - Healing Springs. 9/9 - back to Norfolk. 9/29 - guest list-reception. 1/9/68 - attends masquerade party. 2/9 - a list of CTW's friends.","Scope and Contents Left Norfolk 7/29, Portsmouth to Baltimore by boat. SPent day in Baltimore, then to Philadelphia 7/30. Trenton Falls 8/5, 8/17 Niagra Falls, 8/18 White Falls, 8/20 Boston, left for Baltimore by steamer 9/5 then back to Norfolk. 3/8/1870 - birth of niece, Chloe Tyler Sams, to Mary and Julius Sams 5/1 - Sees Robert E. Lee. 5/8 - death of her Aunt Fannie (Louis) 5/10 - describes funeral 7/13 - people coming to play croquet 9/10 - letter from Lizzie Williams containing a mathematical problem list of \"expenses from July 1869\" (last page)","Scope and Contents 11/5 - trip to Richmond. 11/9 - recieves letter stating that her father had gone to New York. 11/22 - given \"a piece... on the Woman Question\" to read (no perticular reaction). 12/7 - Warsaw, Richmond, played billiards. 1/4/1871 - guest list. 4/8 - chess game. 5/23-25 - describes wedding arrangements of Lucy Gilmer. 6/5 - paper cut out. 6/28 - wedding of Lucy Gilmer","Scope and Contents 6/26-28 - describes wedding of Lucy Gilmer. 7/20 - Ellen Armstrong's wedding. 7/24 - reciept one share of capital stock, Real Estate Owners' Protective Assn. (1903) end. 7/28 - describes funeral of Lee Powell. 9/3 - newspaper clipping, obituary of Mrs. Margaret O'Grady Allmand (d. 1872). 8/25 - White Sulphur Springs - sees Jefferson Davis again. 10/15 - reading biography of Mozart. 10/26 - Phemie Keller by Isabel Curt. 11/22 - vaccination of her nephew. Mistaken by Nellie Graham. 1/1/1872 - list New Year's visitors. 1/26/1872 - arrival of Mr. Greene's nephews, aged 29 and 24, the eldest was 3 years at school or college and has been to Australia - John, younger - Joseph. Describes - handsome, gentlemanly, likes music, goes to church. 4/14 - JNG comes to dinner, \"more beauish than usual\" - her father didn't approve.","Scope and Contents 6/1/1872 - JNG brings flowers and ferns to plant; they play croquet. 6/25 - Conway Whittle \"persuaded\" to have his photograph taken. 6/26 - lists purchases from shopping trip. 6/28 - in Boston to attend Harvard commencement. 9/8 - CTW trying to \"get rid\" of JNG because he talks too much; he tells her his sister is engaged to William Whittle. 2/21/1873 - Conway Whittle's declining health. 3/10 - paper cutout with name Fannie Cornick, courtship by JNG, church - Mr. Okeson's sermons.","5/29 - Ladies Memorial Association - plan to return remains of Confederate dead from Gettysburg. 6/14 - \"No doubt he could get as angry as any Whittle...\" 6/16 - CTW sat for photograph in Richmond. 6/26 - denies report her cousin heard (from the Greenes) that CTW was to be married soon, newspaper clipping encl. - re: new business house being built by Conway Whittle. 6/27 - JNG's 31st birthday. 7/11 - CTW driving a buggy (racing!) 8/1 - denies another rumor of her engagment. 8/20 - newspaper clipping re: Norfolk LA Blues, spends much of Summer in Warm Springs, Va.","Scope and Contents 2/26 - qualities she dislikes in JNG. 2/29 - describes Miss Wood's school examination. 4/22 - refuses the present of a diary from JNG. 5/5 - JNG brings more plants. 6/10 - CTW's observation that JNG always ranks men above women, \"never equality\". 7/13 - change in attitude toward JNG.","9/25 - family connection to Tyler's Sams 12/3 - Washington D.C. sightseeing - Concoran Gallery, Smithsonian, Government buildings, etc. 12/21 - Mt. Vernon. 4/12/1875 - book by Elizabeth Kickley about Mrs. Lincoln and CTW's attitude toward Black people. 6/19 - reference to books, library.","Scope and Contents Inside front cover \"List of books read\".  7/22/1875 - mentions sewing machine; news about marriage, her parents' marriage.  8/4 - speculating on marriage to JNG.  10/20 - attends meeting of friends and patrons of Orphan's Asylum.  10/27 - attends Governor's reception for Mrs. General Jackson. 11/30 - attends opera.  1/19/1876 - schools give 1/2 day holiday - General Lee's birthday.","Scope and Contents List of \"books read in 1876\"; January 28 - February 17 - in Baltimore; 2/23 - JNG recieves offer to return to Ireland to manage his uncle's farm, asks CTW if she would consider going to Ireland. 5/27 - visit to Mt. Vernon, mention of centennial; visit to Nat'l Observatory. 6/20 - goes to Williamsburg to attend commencement (6/22), describes commencement addresses (her father was William and Mary law student in 1822/23); some description of college and Williamsburg as well; City hotel, old Tyler house, etc. 7/29-30 - descision to marry and accompany JNG to Ireland. 8/28 - wedding. Chloe Tyler Whittle                                      b. September 25, 1843      d.                                                                Married John Newport Greene August 28, 1876 - 25 years John Newport Greene     b. June 27, 1842     d. January 28, 1902     Daughter Urith Newport Greene b. October 27, 1879 - speaks of servants                          \"Col. Whittle\" her father mother died - 1858 inschool until (May 1861-62) - calculus - brother of Jefferson Davis married Uncle Armstrong's sister - Episcopalian refers to \"trip to South\" in (October) 1859 trip to Chester, NC. fall 1863 - home of sister Mary Whittle Sams - even when sparse elsewhere, on bithday, New Year's Eve, etc. generally more detail of interest. says in argument that her opinions come from listening to her father, but while in SC she reads, attends lectures, etc. - continuing to form opinions on her own as she probably did before. - interest in Mathematics - continued                        weighed 110 - 10/19/1874 poetry chess may know some French    6/1/71 plays a musical instrument (piano); takes singing lessons (12/20/73) some familiarity with Shakespeare - JNG - had farm      dark red hair and beard","Photocopy.  May not be reproduced, quoted from, or published without permission of the Chesapeake Public Library.","Papers of Cloe Tyler Whittle Greene. Includes printed cards, photographs, verse, newspapers, scrapbooks, newspaper clippings, advertisements, and prints of colonial and Civil War figures.","Endorsed, \"Important for geneology.\" Postmarked June 15, 1893.","\"Our schoolmates Room in the Retreat for the Sick has come to a happy completion...\"","Postcard. \"From original painting by B. A. Richardson.\"","Scope and Contents Publication of \"The Prot. Episcopal Tract Society\"","\"A Lecture Delivered at the Request of the Ladies' Parish Aid Society of St. Paul's Church, Elizabeth River Parish, and Published for the Benefit of that Society.\"","Poem \"Dedicated to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, in Convention assembled at Charleston, S. C.\"","Scope and Contents Copyright. Written for \"Oxford Diocesan Missionary Festival, Windsor\"","From the original Portrait by Gilbert Stuart. Eng. by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original Picture by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From a Portrait recently painted from Life.","Engraved by Dean \u0026 Clayton. Signed(?) Yours truly W. L. Breckinridge.","Engraved from Photograph for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Engraved from Photograph for the 'Eclectic' by Geo. E. Perine, New York.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","\"From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.\"","Print. Captioned, \"Take it, you will need it, and I can do without the money.\" \"From the original picture by Alonzo Chapple [Chappel].\" Engraved by J. B. Hall.","From the original by Alonzo Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","Likeness from a Photograph in the posession of the family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Likeness after a photograph from life by Maule of London.","Scope and Contents[Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Likeness from a recent Photograph from life\". Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Thomas Nast in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Likeness from a Photograph in the possession of his family. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Captioned \"O'Neill N.Y.\"","Scope and Contents From the original Painting by Chappel in the possession of the Publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Likeness from the latest Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by [Thomas] Nast in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","Scope and Contents \"Engraved by G. Parker from a painting by Chester Harding\"","Likeness from a recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Scope and Contents Engraved for the Eclectic by Geo. E. Perine. New York","From a Daguerreotype likeness taken soon after his return from Mexico.","From the original picture in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel and engraved by W. Wellstood.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original Painting in the possession of the Publishers. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","Engraved by W. H. Dougal, from a Daguerreotype by Whipple. Printed by H. C. Benner.","Likeness from recent Photograph from life. Painted by Alonzo Chappel.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers.","From the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publisher.","Painted by Alonzo Chappel. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","From the original Picture by A. Chappel in the possession of the Publishers. Engraved by Thomas Phillibrown.","Contains news clippings, prints, poetry, and a tracing of the Virginia flag.","Contains newspaper clippings concerning political campaign of Conway Whittle Sams and death of his wife, Mattie Macon Sams. Contains photographs, prints, poems, and prose. Possibly the scrapbook of Conway Whittle Sams.","Contains clippings of poetry, prose, and prints. Handwritten poems near the back.","Possibly the church at Jamestown, Virginia or St. Luke's church in Smithfield, Virginia.","Photograph by Bendann. Engraving by J. C. Buttre."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJune 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Norfolk Weekly Landmark\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur School Laureate\u003c/emph\u003e have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["June 23, 1876 and June 26, 1884 (2) issues of  The Norfolk Weekly Landmark  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 N492.  Ten issues (1876 and 1877) of  Our School Laureate  have been transferred to the Newspaper Collection and filed under:  AN47.N67 O92."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."," Addition 1990.18: The original is in the Chesapeake Public Library (Virginia) and may not be reproduced, published or quoted without their permission."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Greene family","Whittle family","Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"famname_ssim":["Greene family","Whittle family"],"persname_ssim":["Greene, Cloe Tyler Whittle, 1843-1925","Greene, John Newport, 1842-1902"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":199,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:55:23.487Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2520"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Whitton Collection (MS027)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others. Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_166.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/166","title_ssm":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"title_tesim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1843-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS027"],"text":["MS027","Whitton Collection (MS027)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs.","Robert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986.","This collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.","This folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.","This folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.","This folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.","This folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  and selections from  The Republic  at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.","This folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.","Brochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.","This folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.","This folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.","This folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.","This folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026 Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.","This file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.","This folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.","This folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.","This folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026 Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.","This folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.","This folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.","This folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.","This folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.","This folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.","This folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.","This folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.","This folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.","This folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"collection_ssim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".65 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":[".65 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Whitton Collection, MS027, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Whitton Collection, MS027, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of \u003ci\u003eThe Confederacy\u003c/i\u003e and selections from \u003ci\u003eThe Republic\u003c/i\u003e at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of \u003ci\u003eThe Confederacy\u003c/i\u003e at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026amp; Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026amp; Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.","This folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.","This folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.","This folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.","This folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  and selections from  The Republic  at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.","This folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.","Brochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.","This folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.","This folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.","This folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.","This folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026 Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.","This file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.","This folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.","This folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.","This folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026 Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.","This folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.","This folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.","This folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.","This folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.","This folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.","This folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.","This folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.","This folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.","This folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"persname_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:04.928Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_166.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/166","title_ssm":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"title_tesim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1843-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS027"],"text":["MS027","Whitton Collection (MS027)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs.","Robert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986.","This collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.","This folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.","This folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.","This folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.","This folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  and selections from  The Republic  at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.","This folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.","Brochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.","This folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.","This folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.","This folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.","This folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026 Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.","This file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.","This folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.","This folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.","This folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026 Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.","This folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.","This folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.","This folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.","This folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.","This folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.","This folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.","This folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.","This folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.","This folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"collection_ssim":["Whitton Collection (MS027)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters.","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".65 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":[".65 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Whitton, a native of Alexandria, was involved in many organizations in the city.  After graduating from the American Institute of Banking and the Rutgers Graduate School of Banking, he went to work for the First National Bank of Alexandria in 1922.  In 1949, he opened the Alexandria branch of the Johnston, Lemon, and Co., a stock brokerage firm, retiring in 1979 as senior Vice President.  As a Rotarian, he was named a Paul Harris Fellow and the Rotarian of the Year in 1985.  He also helped found clubs in Mount Vernon, Annandale, Springfield, Purcellville, and elsewhere.  He was a director of local chapters of the Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, the United Negro College Fund, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, served on the board of the Alexandria Library, and was a member of the Westminster Presbyterian Church.  He died on April 17, 1986."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Whitton Collection, MS027, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Whitton Collection, MS027, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of \u003ci\u003eThe Confederacy\u003c/i\u003e and selections from \u003ci\u003eThe Republic\u003c/i\u003e at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of \u003ci\u003eThe Confederacy\u003c/i\u003e at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026amp; Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026amp; Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains printed matter such as brochures of George Washington's birthday, the Washington Board of Trade, the Suburban Spectator and others.  Additionally, there are limited correspondence, reports of the Historic Alexandria Foundation, annual reports of the Alexandria Library, several booklets, photographs, and postcards.","This folder contains 3 booklets from the 1933, 1950, and 1951 celebrations of Washington's birthday by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, along with a photocopy of Washington's stock held in the Bank of Alexandria.","This folder contains materials prepared by the Washington Board of Trade Economic Development Committee and shows population, employment, retail, and new construction statistics.","This folder contains several newsletters called the Suburban Spectator, published by Woodward and Lothrop, featuring articles and photos of happenings in Alexandria.","This folder contains several brochures including a pamphlet on Maryland, a tour guid of historic Richmond, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  and selections from  The Republic  at Francis C. Hammond High School in 1960, the story of The Jefferson Davis Funeral Train, a program for The Civil War Round Table's Gold Medal Award Dinner in 1957 (in which Virgil Carrington Jones was awarded), a program for the Northern Virginia State Fair at the Hybla Valley Airport in 1953, a program for a performance of  The Confederacy  at George Washington High School in 1955, a program for the George Mason Festival, and a souvenir program of the Virginia Aviation Jubilee in 1953.","This folder contains a handful of letters written to or by Robert Whitton, his wife, and friends James and Ruth Duncan, among others.","Brochures include: Alexandria, the Place to Locate, Rambling Through Alexandria Virginia (1965 and 1979), The Alexandria Community Y's Scottish Christmas Walk (1979), The Alexandria Association Directory (1978-1979), Dedication of Academic Building and Gymnasium at St. Stephen's School (1957), Art Fair Program (1957), a reference book list for the history of Alexandria, Historic Alexandria: A Growing City, a booklet honoring Harry Flood Byrd, Alexandria: Gateway to the South, and the 1981-82 Alexandria Chamber of Commerce Annual Report among others.","This folder includes materials regarding the Historic Alexandria Foundation including a letter from Ethelyn Cox, and the Alexandria Historical Restoration and Preservation Commission.","This folder contains 6 annual reports collected by Bob Whitton while he served on the Library Board at the Alexandria Library.","This folder contains various programs and brochures for organizations such as the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, and St. Paul's in Alexandria.","This folder contains 3 booklets.  One is a list of published writings by Francis Coleman Rosenberger.  The other two are booklets for the investment banking firm Johnston, Lemon, \u0026 Co. and feature photos of Robert Whitton, as he managed the office in Alexandria.","This file contains one book wherein friends and family of Fanny Chatham wrote poems to her.  Some are signed with initials, however, the only name that can be gleaned is Edwin R. Violett.","This folder contains postcards of the Alexandria Library and the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop.","This folder contains postcards of the Cardinal Athletic Club and Carlyle House in Alexandria, Virgina.","This folder contains postcards of Christ Church, Fannon \u0026 Sons, and the story of the Female Stranger.","This folder contains postcards of Fort Ward and the Friendship Fire Station in Alexandria, Virginia.","This folder contains postcards of Gadsby's Tavern, Gentry Row, Gunston Hall, the George Mason Hotel, King Street, the Lee Boyhood Home, and portraits of Robert E. Lee and Mary Custis.","This folder contains postcards of the Marshall House, George Washington National Masonic Memorial, the new Alexandria Post Office, and Potomac Park.","This folder contains postcards of miscellaneous Virginia sites, the Anne Warren Gravestone, Washington Street, Washington's Grist Mill, and Woodlawn Plantation.","This folder contains four photos, 2 of a parade at the 500 block of King Street facing the Edgar Warfield Jr. building, one of the Columbia Engine Company standing in front of 109 S. St. Asaph Street around 1900, and another of the old hose wagon of the Columbia Engine Company.","This folder contains 4 photos, one of the Alexandria Hospital at 420 Wolfe Street, one of the Lee School at King and Alfred (where White House|Black Market is, currently), the old post office at Prince and St. Asaph (now a parking lot), and a sketch of Washington's Townhouse at 508 Cameron Street in Alexandria.","This folder contains a single photo of a boy standing at a water pump with the title \"An old pump, Alexandria, Va.\"  The photo is glued to a note that says \"To Bob Whitton, 9 July, 1958.  Photographic copy of an undated post card printed in Germany, found in effects of Mr. John T. Boyd.  By Virgil C. Davis.","This folder contains a single 8x10 photo of a group of young men sitting in front of a building.  We are to assume that Robert Whitton is one of them.","This folder contains access copies of several photos and some postcards in the collection, created by Lloyd House, Alexandria Library."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986"],"persname_ssim":["Whitton, Robert Goodacre, 1906-1986","Washington, George, 1732-1799.","Whitton, Margaret (Monroe), 1915-1992","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Duncan, Ruth Birch (Deahl), 1899-1985","Cox, Ethelyn, 1908-1988","Van Swearingen, Eleanor Maria, 1904-1966","Dixon, Fanny (Chatham), 1826-1899"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:04.928Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_166"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wickham family papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_294#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wickham family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_294#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_294#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_294.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120871","title_filing_ssi":"Wickham family papers","title_ssm":["Wickham family papers"],"title_tesim":["Wickham family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1704-circa 1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1704-circa 1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294"],"text":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294","Wickham family papers","Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century","Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County","The collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order.","This collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. ","Attorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). ","After the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.","Anne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.","Lucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).","Apparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.","The Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence.","Added fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017.","The original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.","Originals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.","The originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.","The original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.","The originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers.","The Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). ","The collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. ","There is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.","Topics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  ","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels","Correspondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.","Letters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.","Letters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.","Correspondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.","Correspondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).","Correspondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).","Correspondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).","Correspondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).","Correspondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).","Correspondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.","Alvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.","The company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.","Discusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).","Topics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Letters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.","Letters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.","Correspondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.","Mentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).","Topics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).","Discusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.","Letter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.","Kerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.","Discusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].","Recommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.","Notifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.","Mentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.","Describes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.","Notifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.","Requests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.","One letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,","Topics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).","Letters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.","Expresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.","Writes from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].","John Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.","He discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).","The letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).","Wirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.","Includes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).","Letters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.","These letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.","Leigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).","One letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.","Contains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.","Topics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).","One letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).","Two letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.","One letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).","These letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).","Early letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham","One letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).","John Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).","During the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).","Correspondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).","Contains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).","Includes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).","While his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].","Williams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).","Wickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).","Wickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).","Wickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).","Topics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).","Topics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).","Topics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).","Topics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).","Topics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).","Wickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.","Correspondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).","Correspondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).","Correspondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).","Correspondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).","Topics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).","Topics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).","Correspondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.","Correspondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).","Correspondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).","Correspondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.","Correspondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).","Correspondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).","Correspondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.","Correspondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.","Correspondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).","Correspondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.","Correspondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.","Correspondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.","Correspondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.","Topics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).","Topics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).","The letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.","Topics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).","Correspondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.","Among the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.","Correspondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).","Topics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).","Topics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).","Topics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).","Topics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).","The diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.","The diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.","Subjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).","Subjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).","Subjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).","Subjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).","Subjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).","Subjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).","Subjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).","Subjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.","Subjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).","Subjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).","Subjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).","Subjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.","These three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).","The oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).","These include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].","These six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).","The oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.","These six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].","This material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).","Families discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.","This includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).","This folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).","These include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.","These include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia.","This collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wickham family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wickham family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wickham family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"creator_ssm":["Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_ssim":["Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Wickham family"],"creators_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor","Wickham family"],"places_ssim":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased, 3 July 2014. The first addition to this collection, MSS 15753-a,was purchased from Beltrone and Company on 6 July 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 19 legal doc boxes, 6 oversize folders."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 19 legal doc boxes, 6 oversize folders."],"date_range_isim":[1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAttorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. ","Attorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). ","After the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.","Anne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.","Lucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).","Apparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.","The Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdded fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Added fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.","Originals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.","The originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.","The original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.","The originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15753 Wickham family papers, Albert and Shirley Special Collection Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15753 Wickham family papers, Albert and Shirley Special Collection Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamilies discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). ","The collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. ","There is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.","Topics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  ","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels","Correspondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.","Letters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.","Letters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.","Correspondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.","Correspondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).","Correspondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).","Correspondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).","Correspondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).","Correspondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).","Correspondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.","Alvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.","The company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.","Discusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).","Topics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Letters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.","Letters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.","Correspondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.","Mentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).","Topics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).","Discusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.","Letter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.","Kerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.","Discusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].","Recommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.","Notifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.","Mentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.","Describes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.","Notifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.","Requests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.","One letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,","Topics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).","Letters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.","Expresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.","Writes from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].","John Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.","He discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).","The letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).","Wirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.","Includes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).","Letters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.","These letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.","Leigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).","One letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.","Contains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.","Topics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).","One letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).","Two letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.","One letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).","These letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).","Early letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham","One letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).","John Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).","During the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).","Correspondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).","Contains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).","Includes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).","While his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].","Williams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).","Wickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).","Wickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).","Wickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).","Topics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).","Topics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).","Topics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).","Topics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).","Topics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).","Wickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.","Correspondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).","Correspondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).","Correspondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).","Correspondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).","Topics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).","Topics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).","Correspondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.","Correspondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).","Correspondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).","Correspondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.","Correspondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).","Correspondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).","Correspondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.","Correspondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.","Correspondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).","Correspondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.","Correspondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.","Correspondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.","Correspondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.","Topics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).","Topics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).","The letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.","Topics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).","Correspondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.","Among the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.","Correspondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).","Topics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).","Topics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).","Topics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).","Topics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).","The diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.","The diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.","Subjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).","Subjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).","Subjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).","Subjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).","Subjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).","Subjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).","Subjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).","Subjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.","Subjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).","Subjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).","Subjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).","Subjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.","These three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).","The oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).","These include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].","These six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).","The oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.","These six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].","This material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).","Families discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.","This includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).","This folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).","These include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.","These include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Wickham family"],"persname_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":223,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_294","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_294.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120871","title_filing_ssi":"Wickham family papers","title_ssm":["Wickham family papers"],"title_tesim":["Wickham family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1704-circa 1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1704-circa 1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294"],"text":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294","Wickham family papers","Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century","Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County","The collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order.","This collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. ","Attorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). ","After the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.","Anne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.","Lucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).","Apparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.","The Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence.","Added fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017.","The original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.","Originals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.","The originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.","The original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.","The originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers.","The Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). ","The collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. ","There is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.","Topics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  ","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels","Correspondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.","Letters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.","Letters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.","Correspondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.","Correspondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).","Correspondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).","Correspondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).","Correspondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).","Correspondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).","Correspondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.","Alvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.","The company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.","Discusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).","Topics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Letters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.","Letters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.","Correspondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.","Mentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).","Topics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).","Discusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.","Letter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.","Kerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.","Discusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].","Recommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.","Notifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.","Mentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.","Describes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.","Notifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.","Requests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.","One letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,","Topics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).","Letters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.","Expresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.","Writes from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].","John Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.","He discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).","The letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).","Wirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.","Includes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).","Letters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.","These letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.","Leigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).","One letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.","Contains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.","Topics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).","One letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).","Two letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.","One letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).","These letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).","Early letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham","One letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).","John Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).","During the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).","Correspondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).","Contains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).","Includes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).","While his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].","Williams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).","Wickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).","Wickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).","Wickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).","Topics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).","Topics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).","Topics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).","Topics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).","Topics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).","Wickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.","Correspondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).","Correspondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).","Correspondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).","Correspondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).","Topics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).","Topics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).","Correspondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.","Correspondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).","Correspondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).","Correspondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.","Correspondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).","Correspondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).","Correspondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.","Correspondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.","Correspondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).","Correspondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.","Correspondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.","Correspondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.","Correspondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.","Topics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).","Topics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).","The letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.","Topics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).","Correspondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.","Among the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.","Correspondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).","Topics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).","Topics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).","Topics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).","Topics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).","The diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.","The diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.","Subjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).","Subjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).","Subjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).","Subjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).","Subjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).","Subjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).","Subjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).","Subjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.","Subjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).","Subjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).","Subjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).","Subjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.","These three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).","The oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).","These include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].","These six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).","The oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.","These six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].","This material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).","Families discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.","This includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).","This folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).","These include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.","These include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia.","This collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 15753","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/294"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wickham family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wickham family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wickham family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"creator_ssm":["Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_ssim":["Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Wickham family"],"creators_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor","Wickham family"],"places_ssim":["Hickory Hill (Hanover County, Virginia)","Virginia -- History -- 19th Century"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is open for research use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased, 3 July 2014. The first addition to this collection, MSS 15753-a,was purchased from Beltrone and Company on 6 July 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Plantation life -- Virginia","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","Slaves -- Virginia -- Hanover County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 19 legal doc boxes, 6 oversize folders."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 19 legal doc boxes, 6 oversize folders."],"date_range_isim":[1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series, Series 1: Business correspondence arranged chronologically (Boxes 1-5). Several business correspondents warranted individual folders based on either the amount of material or the importance of the correspondent. Series 2: Correspondence of John Wickham, arranged alphabetically by the last name of the chief correspondent (Box 5); Series 3: Correspondence of the Wickham and related families, arranged by the last name of the main correspondent (Boxes 6-15); Series 4: Financial and Legal Papers and Miscellany (Boxes 16-19), all arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAttorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection chiefly concerns the Wickham family of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). When other relatives and friends appear in the folder listing, their birth and death dates and relationships are noted if known. The family owned enslaved persons and lists them by age. ","Attorney John Wickham married twice and had two lines of descent. His first wife was Mary Smith Fanning (1775-1799) by whom he had two sons, William Fanning Wickham of \"Hickory Hills,\" married to Anne Butler Carter (1797-1868), and Edmund Fanning Wickham of \"Rocky Mount\" (1796-1843), married to Anne's sister, Lucy Carter (1799-1835). ","After the death of his first wife, John Wickham married Elizabeth Seldon McClurg and had several more children. Some of these children are also represented in these papers.","Anne Carter Wickham (1851-1939), the daughter of Williams Carter Wickham and Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham, married Robert H. Renshaw (1833-1910) in 1881 and they had four children. In 1920, Anne Renshaw married Dr. W.E. Byerly and lived in Massachusetts.","Lucy Carter Wickham Byrd was the daughter of Edmund Fanning Wickham (1796-1834) and Lucy Carter (1799-1835) and the wife of George Harrison Byrd (1827-1910).","Apparently the spelling of his name varies slightly from his mother's family name, Maclurg versus McClurg, but the use here reflects the spelling on his grave stone.","The Howard School opened in 1831 and continued until 1834 with two teachers, the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) and his brother, the Reverend John Woart. The Episcopal High School opened in 1839 on the former Howard School location. There are also letters from the Reverend Jonathan Loring Woart (1807-1838) to William F. Wickham, including progress reports on the two boys, among this correspondence."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdded fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Added fa to VH 7 Dec. 2017."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The original letter has been transferred to the Henry Clay Papers.","Originals of these letters transferred to the John Randolph of Roanoke papers.","The originals of all three Wirt letters have been transferred to the Autographs collection.","The original of the Robert E. Lee letter has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The  original of the Lee letter  has been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers.","The original of letters to Robert E. Lee have been transferred to the Robert E. Lee papers, the originals of the letters from Henry Clay transferred to the Henry Clay papers and those from John Singleton Mosby were transferred to the John Singleton Mosby papers.","The originals of Lee letters were transferred to Robert E. Lee papers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15753 Wickham family papers, Albert and Shirley Special Collection Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15753 Wickham family papers, Albert and Shirley Special Collection Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamilies discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Wickham family papers (1704-1950; 9.5 cubic feet) consist of papers of Richmond, Virginia and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation in Hanover County, Virginia, including the families of John Wickham (1763-1839), his son, William Fanning Wickham (1793-1880), grandson, Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), and great-grandson, Henry Taylor Wickham (1849-1943). ","The collection contains business correspondence, chiefly concerning legal and agricultural pursuits; family correspondence with immediate and extended relatives; personal correspondence from friends and political associates; two brief diaries discussing the secession and the beginning of the Civil War; financial and legal papers, including lists of books purchased, hires of enslaved laborers, the purchase of enslaved laborers, medical care for enslaved laborers, losses from invading soldiers during the Civil War, estate values, including those of enslaved laborers, indentures, deeds, receipts, plats and surveys, and lists of enslaved laborers by name and age; genealogies and genealogical charts; invitations and calling cards; military papers of General Williams Carter Wickham in the Civil War and Captain Williams Carter Wickham, U.S. Navy; news clippings; some notes and manuscripts of William F. Wickham; a few photographs and snapshots; poetry; hand-written recipes; school papers; and sympathy and greeting cards. ","There is also a hand drawn map of Hickory Hill plantation, the Wickham family estate which may have been drawn by a descendant of an enslaved laborer. It shows a diagram of \"Mammy's House\" and surrounding buildings that were revisited in the 1980's. The pages following the illustration name African Americans who were still living and working at Hickory Hill estate in the early 1900's. Mentioned are the families of John Robinson, Albert Cash,  Henry Toliver, Edith Jackson, Matt Foley, Maria Tucker, Ruben Lewis,Landonia Lewis, ALec Hewlett, Louisa and Albert Jackson, Henry Abrams, Betty Jackson, John Abram and Roselyn, Milton Hewlett, and Virginia Shelton.","Topics include the Civil War, the relationships between family members in both the North and the South, and attitudes toward secession; many aspects of enslavement, often naming the enslaved laborers involved; Virginia and national politics; the practice of agriculture in Virginia; the education of the children of Virginia planters, including attendance at the Howard School, Episcopal High School, Washington College and the University of Virginia; military service of General Williams Carter Wickham (1820-1888), Captain William Carter Wickham (1887-1985), and other Wickham relatives.  ","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include:, John Slidell and Co., Thomas C. Keaton, William Lyne, W.P. Mason, W.T. Nivison, William B. Page, Philip Rogers, Thomas Rotch, Penn T. Sale, John M. Shepherd, Peter F. Smith, Thomas Strode, William Sullivan, Thomas Swann, Richard Wallack, Ralph Wingfield, Alice B. Winston, and Zach Vowels","Correspondents, chiefly with Edmund F. Wickham, include: Williams Carter (1819), Archibald Gracie and Robert Gracie (1821), and multiple correspondents in 1822: Curwen and Hagarty, Samuel John Dunlop, King and Gracie, Samuel Lambert, and Robert Hughes and Co.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: James Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, John Ferguson, C.B. Fleet, William Fleet, Robert Gracie, Francis Gregg, James Hagarty, George E. Harrison, James Henderson, L. Jones, T. Jones, and Robert King.","Letters involving enslavement or enslaved laborers include one from L. Jones, asking for protection for \"old Billy\" and mentioning other issues concerning the welfare of enslaved laborers, January 2, 1823, and another letter from Ninian Edwards discussing the possible purchase of a female enslaved laborer for the wife of Dr. Harvey Lane, January 13, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Henry Arnall, Curwen and Hagarty, [J.] Dunlop, Ninian Edwards, C.B. Fleet, John G. Gamble, Robert G. Harper, George E. Harrison, Jones and Rodes, Hardage Lane, C.C. Lee, Lewis and Tomes, George Marx, John Morgan, and Charles Morris.","Letters involving enslavement include the inquiry by Robert G. Harper, May 5, 182[3], for information about the \"present condition, conduct, and prospects\" of some manumitted enslaved laborers formerly belonging to Samuel Gist who were freed in his will. He also asks for  the name and address of some respectable and intelligent person in the area where the freed formerly enslaved laborers now live who can send a report to Gist's relatives.","Correspondents, chiefly Edmund F. Wickham and William F. Wickham, include: Curwen and Hagarty, James Dunlop, John Dunlop, William Logan Fisher, William Fleet, George Greenhow, George E. Harrison, B.B. Keesee, Robert King, Thomas Kelly, Hardage Lane, Lewis and Tomes, Charles F. Logan, William Lyne, and  Robert and John Oliver. One letter mentions a runaway enslaved man, named Joe, December 18, 1823.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: David Barclay, John H. Blair, Carter Braxton, William Burns, William L. Dance, S.W. Dandridge, Aaron Denman, Robert Douthat, Ninian Edwards, William Fleet, Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph), James Hagerty, George E. Harrison, John Hopkins, and Thomas and John G. Riddle.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Richard Anderson, John Balfour, Thomas and John S. Biddle, Carter Braxton, William Burns, Hugh Campbell, Robert Douthat, and Gillingham and Randolphs (G.F. and E. Randolph).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Carter Berkeley, Carter Braxton, Roger Mallory, Thomas Nelson, and William F. Wickham to Thomas B. Coleman. Roger Mallory, the jailor in Petersburg, Virginia, writes concerning a runaway enslaved man named Jim who finally admitted he belonged to William F. Wickham. Jim had originally claimed to belong to Price Sharpe who was charged with permitting him to \"go at large contrary to law,\" and hire himself out, March 19, 1827.","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: G.H. Bacchus, Thomas T. Bouldin, Thomas B. Coleman, M. Huelin,  Benjamin Whitehead Ladd, W.H. McFarland, William Nelson, John W. Payne, William G. Pendleton, M.E.M. Roane, and A.B. Spooner. Topics include the reception of freed former enslaved laborers in Ohio (Benjamin W. Ladd, March 4, 1830); and the [Samuel?] Gist estate (John M. Payne, April 22, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Patrick Nesbett Edgar, John Exall, Chapman Johnson, Thomas N. Lee, John Ponsonby Martin, William Nelson, Severn E. Parker, A. Robinson, Jr., William Rowlett, J.S. Skinner, Benjamin Temple, Robert Temple, Thomas Biddle and Company, and John R. Triplett. Topics include: blue wheat (Benjamin and Robert Temple, July 4, 1830 and August 4, 1830); American turf and racing magazine (August 3, 1830; September 1, 1830; October 19, 1830); and a collection of pedigrees for an American Stud Book (October 13, 1830).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: J.D. Andrews, John Corbin, Alfred V. Crenshaw, Crouches and Snead, Gracie and Company, James Gray, Richard B. Haxall, William Hilberg, James Lyle, and Francis Page. Topics include problems with a horse purchased from Wickham (November 15, 1838), the safe arrival of the Andrews family in Houston, Texas (January 28, 1839), and the sending of an enslaved man named Jefferson to fetch two mules from Wickham (April 22, 1839).","Correspondents, chiefly with William F. Wickham, include: Beers and Poindexter, Robert M. Candlish, John S. Corbin, Robert Ellett, William Linton, A.T.B. Merritt, Nathaniel Nelson, J.W. Pegram, W. Richardson, Thomas Samson, John Shore, John N. Tazewell, James G. Watson, and William L. White. Topics include mention of the horse \"Priam\" at Merritt's Hicks Ford stud in Virginia and the failure of Wickham's Eclipse mare to foal last spring (May 11, 1842); the dire condition of the [enslaved man?] old Bob Clark and his family on the land of Nathanael Nelson and attempts to provide for their care (June 15 and July 11, 1842); and a discussion of improvements to Wickham's bevel wheel (July 11, 1842) by Thomas Samson of D.J. Burr and Company.","Correspondents include: John S. Corbin, Nathanael Cross, William Dorbaker, Thomas Ellis and Charles Ellis, Robert G. Gilman, J.H. Martin, [S.H.] Parker, James L. Pendleton, James A. Seddon, Jane J. Swann, George Taylor, John N. Tazewell, William L. White, and John Wight. Topics include lumber needed for a penitentiary and a possible list of enslaved laborers written in pencil on an address portion of the letter (October 10, 1842).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, John Barr, Samuel Cottrell, Richard Gwathmey, John Struthers and Son, Lucius Minor, William Nelson, Lucien B. Price, Richard Randolph, Edmund Ruffin, William D. Taylor, John N. Tazewell, Philip B. Winston, and Richard M. Young (General Land Office). Topics include the sale of two enslaved women (January 29, 1845).","Correspondents include: Warwick Barksdale, Wellington Goddin, Phineas Janney, C.C. Lee, Thomas Nelson, Bernard Peyton, [Lucien] B. Price, John T. Rogers, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Taylor, J.R. Underwood, William F. Watson, Joseph Wingfield, and Philip B. Winston. Topics include a description of damage to the property of Joseph Wingfield by the breakage of the mill dam of Wickham (March 12, 1848).","Correspondents include: John Gibson, G.W. Goode, Richard Gwathmey, Benjamin F. Larned (1794-1862), William Leigh, Thomas Nelson, John E. Page, James A. Seddon, Alexander H.H. Stuart, William F. Watson, Hugh A. Watt, W.C. Wickham (to James M. Ford), Edmund Winston, and William Overton Winston. Topics include the shipment of some prairie birds and directions for their care (December 23, 1849); lists of enslaved laborers for hire, including \"old Fanny,\" Nancy and her three children, and Betsy (January 1, 1850); request for information about the amount due on account of the division of the \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers (March 5, 1850); William F. Wickham as the guardian of the minor heirs of Robert C. Wickham (April 20, 1850); the offer of the use of a Southdown buck for sheep breeding (July 12, 1850); the increase of visitors to the mountains of Virginia, especially at White Sulphur Springs, the Warm Springs, and the Hot Springs (August 5, 1850); the purchase of stained glass (November 19 and 23, 1850); the return of an enslaved woman who was a wet nurse, \"Mamma Betsy\" hired the year before for his little boy (July 28, 1849; November 5, 1850); and an opinion about Jenny Lind (December 20, 1850).","Correspondents include: Alexander Hew, John F. Lay, [Laudonier] J. Randolph; Robert L. Randolph, Allen P. Richardson, William Sayre, William F. Wickham, and Thomas Wight. \nTopics include the redemption of land in Saline County, Missouri (September 13, 1853) and the settlement with McClurg Wickham, Littleton Waller Tazewell Wickham, and John Wickham concerning a loan from John Henry Wickham to them on August 11, 1851 (May 28, 1858).","Correspondents include: J.A. Allen, David Anderson, Jr., A.W. Ball, Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, George H. Byrd (Wyman, Byrd and Co. Commission Merchants), [Magrat] Davis, R.B. Davis, Robert Johnston, J.H. Montague, H.C. Parsons, James H. Storrs, John R. Taylor, James Usher, and William F. Wickham (drafts to Ann B. Berkeley, the Reverend P.F. Berkeley, and B.W. Green). \nTopics include: the question in the legislature concerning the payment of legacies given in Confederate money between 1862-1865 (March 10, 1866); difficulties in settling court cases in West Virginia following the Civil War (November 16, 1866); a request from a woman for legal help in keeping her inheritance in her name and under her control rather than her husband's as her current lawyer advised (April 25, 1867); and reports on the \"North Wales\" farm (May 20, 27, and 31, 1870).","Correspondents include: James L. Apperson, W.W. Baldwin, Lewis D. Crenshaw, Jr., Isaac Davis, L.R. Dickinson, Maynard Dyson,  James S. Earle and Sons, George William Gibson, Charles Herndon, J.M. Hill, I.M. Parr and Son (Commission Merchants), J. Sabin and Sons (Booksellers, Printsellers and Importers), Walter C. Jones, A.C. Loomis, J.H. Montague, Henry Parry, G. Peyton, Joseph T. Priddy, R.H. Maury and Co. (Stock and Exchange Brokers), J.W. Ratcliffe, C.T. Smith, E.D. Starke, A.T. Stewart, W.T. Tinsley, H. Wernich, William F. Wickham (draft to L. Upshur Evans), and Wright and Co., Rio de Janeiro. \nTopics include: the sale of property in Richmond, Virginia, of a former brewery belonging to the estate of David G. Yuengling, Jr. along the James River called the \"James River Steam Brewery\" (August 16, 1879).","Correspondents include: George B. Butler, Alexander Kaslovistsh, and John Watkins.","Alvis discusses the farm operations of the East Tuckahoe Plantation.","The company sends sketches and discusses the replacement of the mantle damaged in the house fire at Hickory Hill.","Discusses the oak tobacco boxes supplied by Edmund F. Wickham from \"Rocky Mills\" plantation.","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include concern about the \"military bill\" in the South as a way for Congress to get at the landed property there (March 4, 1867); Wickham's fondness for memoirs and other mentions of reading (December 17, 1868; May 30, 1873; June 15 and 20, 1875; February 11, 1876; May 4, 1877; July 2, 1880); and the offer of building supplies currently at \"Broad Neck\" in order to rebuild the house at \"Hickory Hill\" after a fire (February 16, 1875).","Correspondence is chiefly with William F. Wickham and Williams Carter Wickham. Topics include the financial affairs of their cousin Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh (September 24 and October 28, 1879).","Topics include Carter's impressions of Bristol College, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (October 18, 1834); complaints about the western states and their impact upon agricultural prices and politics, mentioning James Buchanan by name (July 17, 1846); suggestion that the enslaved laborers belonging to their nephews, Robert and John Wickham, be sold to pay the debt of their education (June 18, 1847); mention of a violent snowstorm that occurred just after he had returned home on a gunboat following a period of being nursed by his sister at \"Hickory Hill\" (November 8, 1862); and the death of Julia Wickham (July 16, 1873).","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Correspondents include C.P. Huntington (President), Henry Taylor Wickham, and Williams C. Wickham and J.S.F. Smith (Paint Creek Depot) concerning the opening of the coal mines on the land purchased from the Hansford heirs and the employment of miners in Kanawha County, West Virginia.","Letters concern lands held by Reuben Jenkins and John Henry Wickham in Saline County, Missouri.","Letters discuss matters concerning the Louisa Railroad, which was chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1836, and renamed the Virginia Central Railroad in 1850, with Fontaine as its longtime president.","Correspondence is concerned with securing payment on the accounts of John Wickham and Littleton W. T. Wickham, brothers of William F. Wickham by an immediate sale of livestock and agricultural goods.","Mentions the illness of President Monroe and his own wife, Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay, the daughter of Monroe (August 4, 1823) and expresses disparaging remarks concerning a Yankee business associate (October 19, 1823).","Topics include a request to help in the administration of the estate of Dr. McClurg (March 2, 1839); fears about the possible death of his son, Thomas, in [Mississippi?] (June 22, 1839); instructions about the purchase of summer clothing for the enslaved laborers by Alvis (April 21, 1840); mention that there are 70 enslaved laborerss associated with the \"Rocky Mills\" plantation of Edmund Wickham and 40 additional enslaved laborers associated with his father's [John Wickham] estate (July 28, 1842). Much of the correspondence in general deals with the settling of the estate of John Wickham (1763-1839).","Discusses arrangements for the support of Mr. Harrison's children and his disappointment with Dr. Selden.","Letter of introduction from Henry Clay for Mr. Bainbridge of Kentucky to John Wickham.","Kerr requests copies of any ordinances or laws concerning lands either given or planned to be given by the state of Virginia to the officers and soldiers who served in either the Continental Army or the Virginia state militia for use in the United States Court in Ohio.","Discusses the best way to secure the claim of Dr. McClurg for surgeon pay during his service in the Continental Army, keeping in mind that the United States will soon find a use for surplus money and mentions Henry Clay as doing a great deal of good [in Congress?].","Recommends that they make sure that Dr. [James] McClurg's will is recorded in Kentucky.","Notifies Wickham that he has located among his scorched papers enough information to send him a transcript of all he knows or remembers about the bonds of Mr. Balfour and invites him to visit Studley, Virginia.","Mentions the health concerns of family members and friends in Baltimore, Maryland.","Describes the worsening physical condition of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?]  in Baltimore, Maryland.","Notifies Wickham about the death of Walter [Maclurg Wickham?] in Baltimore, Maryland.","Requests Wickham provide the wording to a decree that would enable a sale of his property in Richmond, Virginia, to proceed since his power of attorney, Mr. Botts, was unable to perform his duties.","One letter, March 24, 1820, incomplete, last page only, John Randolph of Roanoke writes concerning Stephen Decatur's death. In a second letter, April 1, 1820,   part of the letter and autograph signature excised, John Randolph of Roanoke thanks Wickham for his indulgence and civility in the matter of his father's estate and mentions [Littleton Waller] Tazewell's move to Norfolk.,","Topics include: request for advice on a business proposition concerning property offered by Mr. Page as security for the payment of Tazewell's stock (July 4 and 9, 1819); Tazewell's current ill health (November 26, 1819); criticism of President John Quincy Adams and a description of a duel between Henry Clay and John Randolph of Roanoke (April 8, 1826); and damages suffered during a hurricane (October 14, 1838).","Letters concerns legal work performed by Wickham for Richardson.","Expresses concern over several outbreaks of cholera among citizens and enslaved laborers on the plantation.","Writes from White Sulphur Springs about the convalescence of Susan [Decatur Wickham (1819 -1831)].","John Wickham addresses business matters in his absence on a trip to Philadelphia, sending four letters from stops in Washington, Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia.","He discusses the prospects for the wheat crop, the demand for flour in [American] towns and South America, and reports on his conversations with Mr. Haxall about pricing if the crop is delivered early (May through August 1830) and the last letter mentions their pleasant stay at the Sulphur Springs and Sweet Springs and the journey home, the drought in Kentucky and Ohio, and \"this new explosion in France\" (September 24, 1830).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop, a notification of an outbreak of disease at Howard School for boys from Jonathan Loring Woart, and the preoccupation of the Virginia General Assembly over internal improvements (January 29 and May 30, 1834); the design of a mill powered by water (February 21, 1834); discussions about the Bank of Virginia and the elections (April 17 and 21, 1834); discussions about possible schools for their boys and rumors of a duel in Washington (September 28, 1834); discusses the President's message (December 7, 1834); an enslaved laborer, sick with cholera, who was believed to be dead several times, appears to be recovering partly due to work of Dr. McCaw (December 18, 1834); and politics in Washington (December 24, 1834).","Wickham writes to his son William F. Wickham with concerns about his wheat crop (July 6, 1837) and to his sons at the University of Virginia, George and Littleton W.T. Wickham with advice about their studies, especially geology and the study of soils, and their visit to the Natural Bridge (May 15, 1837).","The letters written during a trip to New England by William F. Wickham and Anne Wickham mention seeing the effects of a great drought all over the northeast, speculations about the wheat crop, poor corn crop of the current year, Littleton at the University of Virginia and George reporting for duty in Washington in the U.S. Navy (September 13, 17, and 25, 1838); news about the wheat market and John Wickham's health (November 20 and December 12, 1838); and news about the opening of the [James River and Kanawha Canal] and its advantages for Richmond, Virginia (December 20, 1838).","Wirt asks for Wickham's advice concerning the rights of the widow in the estate of John Ellis (December 21, 1815); in another letter, October 10, 1830, autograph signature excised, Wirt asks for his advice and support in the case of the Cherokee Nation versus the state of Georgia, argued by Wirt before the Supreme Court; and in a third undated letter, Wirt discusses a property case involving Colonel Byrd and Mr. Harrison of Berkeley and lots in Manchester and Richmond, Virginia.","Includes two letters mentioning visits by Yankees to Hickory Hill and the taking of her father as a prisoner (May 27, 1862; August 4, 1862); also includes a letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Miss Annie Wickham [later Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly], Lee promises to stop by \"Hickory Hill\" to visit if at all possible on his way back to Lexington, autograph signature excised from the letter (May 23, 1870).","Letters through March 1883 are written from Port Oratava to Henry T. Wickham but in April 1883 the Renshaw's began their journey home, settling in New Market and then Boyce, Virginia, by the turn of the century; In 1906, Annie writes from the University of Virginia about Robert H. Renshaw's poor health which continues until his death in 1910.","These letters are chiefly undated, but she appears to continue her correspondence with her uncle after the death of her Aunt Anne in1868, chiefly written from New York.","Leigh mentions the death of Lizzie Wickham (February 27, 1862); General Johnston and his prospects in the Tennessee area (March 25, 1863); and the death of Mrs. Carter, probably Mary B. Randolph Carter (August 6, 1864).","One letter, September 16, 1836, described a duel between her brother James and John Chapman, which ended in reconciliation between the two men.","Contains one letter, August 17, 1863, concerning the Civil War, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, shortly before his death following his wounding and capture.","Topics include the preparation to leave for France with her husband, William Cabell Rives, appointed minister to France (June 26, 1829); and their return to Paris, France (August 2, 1851).","One letter, written from the Warm Springs Hospital, discusses Taylor's health problems and the recent Battle of Cheat Mountain (October 2, 1861).","Two letters are written from China, one from Chefoo [present day Yantai] and the second from Tsingtao, while her husband, Captain Williams C. Wickham (1887-1985) was serving in the U.S. Asiatic Fleet.","One letter from Williams Carter Wickham expresses his pleasure at her engagement to his son, Henry Taylor Wickham (August 26, 1885).","These letters are chiefly to her husband, Henry, while staying at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, (1911) and White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1913) for her health but two letters are to her son, Captain Williams Carter Wickham during his journey to join the Asiastic fleet (1924).","Early letters are chiefly from his grandparents, William F. and Anne Wickham, and the letters in 1864 are between Henry and his parents, Williams C. and Lucy Wickham","One letter mentions the death of his grandmother, Anne B. Carter Wickham (February 26, 1868); four letters were written as a University of Virginia student (October 17, 24, and 31, 1869; and May 8, 1870); and one letter from Henry to his son, Captain Williams C. Wickham, congratulating him on his engagement to Credilla Miller (October 2, 1911).","John Wickham writes concerning land in Franklin County, Missouri, belonging to the estate of John Wickham (July 11, 1850).","During the Civil War, Leigh Wickham received an appointment in the Confederate Quartermaster department at Memphis, Tennessee (September 13 and 19, and December 8, 1861); reports that the people of Mississippi were frightened of General Grant's army (December 23, 1862); and mentions the hanging of Colonel Lawrence Orton Williams as a Confederate spy by the Federals (June 14, 1863).","Correspondence includes one letter from Williams Carter Wickham while at the University of Virginia concerning the results of Professor Rogers' analysis of Edmund's specimens of marl (January 16, 1838).","Contains two letters from W.F. Wickham, Jr. as a student at the University of Virginia (December 19, 1848 and January 12, 1849).","Includes letters written as a student at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia (1874-1878) and the University of Virginia (1878-1883).","While his father is away in New York and Boston, Williams Carter Wickham sends reports on the activities and condition of the plantation, including illness and death among the enslaved laborers (September 7, 1845; September 15, 1848). Williams Carter Wickham writes with further reports to his father hoping to catch him still at Bowling Green (August 30, 1849); and Williams describes a trip with his wife Lucy to New York and on to Quebec (August 27, 1855).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 24, 1861, and August 1861); rumors of possible attacks on Arlington and Alexandria and Norfolk (September 2, 1861); discussion about the ramifications of the seizure of James Murray Mason and John Slidell on board the RMS Trent by Union Captain Charles Wilkes (December 8, 1861); and W. Leigh Wickham's commission as assistant quartermaster with rank of captain (December 20, 1861). During the recent visit of William F. Wickham with General Robert E. Lee, Lee reported on the sufferings of the army in the west [1861].","Williams Carter Wickham shares his weariness of the war and announces himself as a candidate for Congress (May 15, 1863); William F. Wickham voices his concern over scarcity of food in Richmond and near Charlottesville to Lucy Penn Taylor Wickham (January 19, 1864); and William F. Wickham fears that Lee cannot maintain communications to the south and wishes he had nothing more to do with land or enslaved laborers if only his son were home in peace (June 28, [1864]).","This folder contains references to the participation of Williams Carter Wickham in the First Battle of Bull Run (July 22-23, 27, and 31, 1861).","Wickham is in Cavalry Camp, 5th Brigade and attached to Colonel Cocke's Brigade and has a complete blacksmith shop and blacksmith fixed up with his company but requires clothes for his [enslaved?] personal attendant, Robin (September 1, 1861); Many letters discuss conditions of camp life for an officer in the Confederate forces and the efforts of family at home to supply the needs and wants of their own family members in the forces but also those of other soldiers, such as clothing. The letters also show a desire to establish a local hospital for the troops like the ones run by the ladies in Fredericksburg, Virginia (September 4, 1861); Wickham writes from his camp at Fairfax Courthouse about opportunities for drilling the troops, his resignation of his seat in the Convention and in the Virginia Senate, his increasing concerns over the conduct of the war in the last two months, and the injurious effect of the capture of Fort Hatteras in North Carolina to the South (September 6, 1861); news that his son, Henry T. Taylor, is intensely reading the novels of Sir Walter Scott to the detriment of his studies (September 26, 1861); clothing made by the ladies of the community shipped off to the troops (October 12, 1861); Wickham currently at Union Mills (October 22, 1861); the difficulties of Lizzie Fry in getting a permit to leave to go home (October 24, 1861); and Wickham's meeting with General [Jeb] Stuart with whom he is very pleased (October 27, 1861).","Wickham writes a very detailed letter about the detrimental effects of fighting the Civil War on their own home soil, his dinner with General Cocke, whose ardor for the war has cooled considerably, the wasting of their best resources in an unnatural strife, and the devastation wrought by both occupying armies (November 3, 1861); and mention of Colonel Robertson and General Stuart (November 7, 13, and 29, 1861). \nWriting from Camp Frontier after an absence of three days, he describes a plan for a force of  nine companies of cavalry and three regiments of infantry, all under General Stuart, to cut off an enemy encampment near Alexandria, but this was prevented by the arrival of more Federal forces in the area near Pohick Church and describes his activities as a member of the scouting party (November 13, 1861); furnishes a description of his strategy when in new territory (November 21, 1861); shares his belief that the Yankees will advance along the Evansport line, chiefly by water, but with a land force on the telegraph road, otherwise believes that they will go into winter quarters (November 24, 1861); and repeats a report from Mr. Porcher [of South Carolina?] that some of the coloured people had been shot by the Confederates and that some of the people offered to work on the entrenchments for the Yankees for pay (November 28, 1861). \nWickham is still waiting for word on any advancement against the enemy and a describes the Federal forces arrayed against Virginia (December 4, 1861); Wickham shares his wish to command a full regiment of cavalry if he cannot have his first  preference to be at home with Lucy, his shock at hearing about the death of Mr. [Cooke?] and his efforts to secure a furlough for Church to go home for the funeral (December 14, 1861).","Wickham writes about the following topics, a story about Lt. Colonel Thomas L. Kane, commander of the Bucktail Rifles of Northern Pennsylvania and a relative (January 2, 1862); General Johnston likes Wickham's bill for the better organization of the army (January 8, 1862); Wickham's [enslaved?], attendant, Robin, has built a wonderful shelter for the horses in their winter camp (January 8, 1862); Wickham's return to Camp Ewell after his furlough (January 29, 1862); his disapproval of the bill in the Senate concerning the Virginia forces (February 4, 1862); and his concerns over the reorganization of his regiment (February 15, 1862).","Topics include the alarm of the people in the area north of the Rappahannock where people are abandoning their homes and \"Negroes\" or enslaved laborers are going northward by the hundreds (March 14, 1862); bivouacking comfortably near Brandy Station (April 4, 1862); and reports that their new location is twelve miles below Williamsburg and five miles from Yorktown at \"Blows Mill\" and that they are short on provisions (April 18, 22 and 24, 1862).","Topics include writing from Sudley Mills describes recent events that have greatly reduced his regiment and prevented his communicating with his family, noting that with 200 men Wickham charged the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry 800 strong, routing them and capturing a large number, mentioning that General Ewell has lost a leg [during the battle of Groveton] (August 30, 1862); currently near Frederick, Maryland (September 7, 1862); yesterday at Sharpsburg, Maryland, \"fought probably the most desperate battle of the war\" [Battle of Antietam], Wickham lost twenty  men killed, wounded or missing, W.H.F. Lee's horse fell with him, Lt. Colonel Thornton of the 3rd had his arm torn by a shell and died of shock, Hill Carter received two severe wounds at Boonsborough and was left in the hands of the enemy, very difficult to find anything to eat, as local people will not sell them anything, and Thomas L. Kane was just made a Brigadier General in the Union army (September 18 and 21, 1862).\nReports on his safe return from an expedition to Pennsylvania with 1800 men (October 14 and 19, 1862); details of the cavalry raid to collect horses from Mercersburg, Chambersburg, and Emmitsburg (October 19, 1862); troops destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (October 21, 1862);  his participation recently in a serious battle with losses of 1500 killed or wounded [Battle of Fredericksburg], with the town of Fredericksburg totally devastated and mentions activities of Major General Ambrose Burnside (December 15 and 18, 1862).","Topics include the rejection of his resignation by the Secretary of War (January 15, 1863); staying with General Robert E. Lee at Culpeper Courthouse (March 1, 1863); discussion of the [Battle of Chancellorsville] (May 8, 1863 copy); spent the day with Lee who was in good spirits but without any hope of quick termination of the war and who would not allow his resignation, and General Jackson said to be dangerously ill with pleurisy (May 10, 1863); mentions the death of General Jackson and his fears for the safety of General Lee who he describes in appreciative terms (May 11, 1863); and describes his visit to General Lee's headquarters and assesses the results of recent battles (May 31, 1863).","Topics include Wickham's approval of the generals James Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard S. Ewell (June 3, 1863); Lucy relates their losses during visits of the Yankees to \"Hickory Hill\" and \"North Wales\" plantations and the capture of Fitzhugh Lee out of his sick bed (July 25, 1863); Wickham writes from the headquarters of Wickham's Brigade, following his commission as Brigadier General (September 12, 1863); news of Julius Theodore Porcher being mortally wounded from members of the 10th South Carolina Regiment (December 1863); Lucy Wickham's visit with General Wickham near Charlottesville, Virginia (January 17, 21, 31, 1864); General Lee has issued the first order that has not received Wickham's admiration (February 8, 1864); and draft of a letter from Wickham to Captain J.E. Cook, describing his actions beginning on October 28, 1862 until November 3, 1862 (February 26, 1864).","Topics include accompanying General Robert E. Lee to the anniversary of the Young Men's Christian Association of Poney's Brigade to hear a talk on the character of General [Stonewall?] Jackson (March 29, 1864); description of the pillaging of \"Hickory Hill\" by the Yankees and their threatening Uncle Hill Carter (June 5, 1864, June 1864, August 1, 1864); mention of General Sheridan (July 25, 1864); description of the devastation in the area around Culpeper and mention of [Jubal] Early (August 12, 1864); and Wickham, while stationed in Winchester, Virginia, describing the broad valley just prior to the Battle of Winchester (September 5, 8, and 10, 1864).","Wickham attended the U.S. Naval Academy from 1904 until 1909 and most of the letters from this period were to his parents. There are also a few dating from his service aboard the U.S.S. Minnesota (1911) and the U.S.S. Smith (1913) addressed to them. Letters dated 1924 from Captain Wickham to his wife, Credilla Miller Wickham, were written while serving in the U.S. Asiastic Fleet aboard the U.S.S. Pillsbury when the navy summered at Chefoo [present day Yantai], China.","Correspondents include: J.S.B. Alleyne (resolutions concerning the death of Dr. William F. Wickham in 1851); John B. Baldwin; L.M. Baldwin; Nannie P. Ballard; A.P. Bankhead; B. Johnson Barbour, John L. Barbour; Greta du Pont Barksdale (1891-1965); Phoebe [Barksdale?]; Marianna Elizabeth Barksdale (1796-1856) and her husband, William Jones Barksdale (1794-1859); Ann B. Berkeley; Letitia Glenn Biddle (1864-1950); John Minor Botts (1802-1869); Mary G. Braxton; Mary Carter Brickner; G. Thompson Brown; Alfred H. Byrd; E.H. Byrd and L.C. Byrd.\nTopics include a very detailed letter from John Minor Botts to General Williams Carter Wickham about the Civil War, particularly the requested transfer of Colonel Charles H. Wager from the infantry service to the cavalry, rumors about General Lee evacuating Virginia, complaints about the press stimulating the prejudices of the people, and rumors of a proposal to arm enslaved laborers to help fight against the Northern forces (January 8, 1865).","Correspondents include: Ellen J. Cackie; J.R. Campbell (damaged postal card only); B.B. Claike; George Colton; A. Coolidge; O.A. Crenshaw; M.W.T. Cumberland; John B. Custis; Laura G. Custis; Raleigh T. Daniel; J.S. Davis; Enid Deem; Martha Lee Doughty \"To the Women of the Confederacy\" (undated); Fanny Duncan; Georgina L. Featherstonhaugh; and Mary J. Foster.\nTopics include: a discussion of several books read by Laura G. Custis of Boston (May 25, no year) and a description of the past few months the Custis family were forced to stay in Versailles, France, due to illness and the onset of the Franco-Prussian War (March 30, [1871]).","Correspondents include: Ellen Carter, Lizzie Carter, L.W. Carter, Mary Carter, and W[illiams?] Carter, Jr.\nTopics include: the concern of W[illiams] Carter, Jr. that his father make a will immediately so that the Confederacy will not get any of [his brother?] Charles' portion of the estate.  He writes emphatically \"I don't wish the South to get a cent – no country in the history of the world has so worked out its own destruction as the Southern portion of the U.S. America, and all Christendom will in history say, Amen – next to Sodom and Gomorrah\" (February 3, 1862); W[illiams?] Carter, Jr. also asks that the enslaved laborers on both the North Wales and South Wales plantations be sent to Charlotte or some safe place so they will not be sold like cattle, mentioning all of the Tom and Sarah Fox family, Ben Napper and family, the Tom Brown and Harry Brown families, and other enslaved laborers by first name only (March 1, 1862).","Correspondents include: A.W. Carter; Agnes M. Carter; Annie Carter; Betty Carter; E.H. Carter; Emily Carter; Fanny N. Carter; L.H. Carter, Louise Carter, Pauline Carter, Susan Roy Carter, Thomas B. Carter, Thomas H. Carter (1831-1908), and Williams Carter.\nTopics include: the death of Julia Wickham (Thomas H. Carter, July 19, 1873); an expression of hope that the nation will mend following the Civil War, saying \"my hatred for Davis is only equaled by that for Charles Sumner,\" and mention of balloon flights and France's position of strength in Europe (Thomas B. Carter, Paris, May 22, 1866).","Topics of note include two references to the Civil War, including the \"suffering northern soldiers\" and the sentiment \"the same God made us all\" (August 10, 1861); and a second letter about the Civil War concerning shelling of the area near Shirley along the river by northern gunboats and comments about [General John] Pope (August 28, 1862).","Topics include a condolence letter (July 12, 1873) concerning the death of Julia Leiper Wickham (1859-1873).","Correspondents include: Peter J. Chevallie to his wife, Elizabeth Gilliam Chevallie; Sarah Magee \"Sally\" Chevallie Warwick (1816-1846) to her mother, Elizabeth Green Gilliam Chevallie (1796-1865); Joseph Gallego to his nephew, Peter J. Chevallie;  Henry Chevallie to his sister, Mary G. Chevallie; and Abraham Warwick (1794-1874) to his daughter-in-law, Elise F. Warwick.","Correspondents include: Robert Gamble; S.P. Gregory; Gene and [George?] Griffin; A.G. Grinnan; Evelyn Hale; Hetty Cary Harrison; Ella Havisham; Jane R. Haxall; Rosalie Haxall; Eva Mary Anna Mason Heth (1836-1915); Mary Heywood (with a photograph of her on her 78th birthday);  E.[L.] Holmes; R.R. Howison; J. Johns, Jr.; S. Harvey Johnson; William T. Joyner; W.M. Justis; Bessie D. Kane; J.D.L. Kane; Sallie G. Kean; and Ethel Kilburn.\nTopics include the Civil War (Robert Gamble, June 19, 1863); reminiscences about the Civil War and General Stuart, and a discussion about genealogy (A.G. Grinnan, 1892-1893); family reading (R.R. Howison, January 30, 1878); discussion of Reuben Lindsay Walker (1827-1890), commander of the Third Corps artillery, and his opposition to the peace commission, known as the [Hampton Roads Conference] during the Civil War and political issues that will arise at the conclusion of the war (William T. Joyner, February 3, 1865); and the poor state of the Confederate army, due in part to desertions (William T. Joyner, February 25, 1865).","Correspondents include: Frances Wickham Graham; [Hartley] Graham; James Duncan Graham; Salva Graham; and William F. Wickham.\nTopics include chiefly family news but also some references to the work of James Duncan Graham as a member of the United States Engineer Corps (April 13, 1862; April 9, 1865; May 9, 1865); the condition of the South at the conclusion of the Civil War (June 2, 1865); and papers concerning the pension of James Duncan Graham (1867-1871).","Correspondents include: E.W. Hubard and J.L. Hubard.","Correspondents include: Robert B. Lancaster; Elizabeth W. Lay; R. Bruce Lockhart; A.C. Leigh; William Leigh; Ellen McCaw; Rose M. MacDonald; F. Mark; Captain G. [Marvel]; Dido Mason; E.K.N. Massie; Alice W. Meade; Susan W. Miller; Edgar Miller; F.B. Minor; Mary W. Minor;  and M.M. Morris. \nTopics include work on the book about old homes of Hanover (Robert B. Lancaster, January 8, 1984); the fire at Hickory Hill (Elizabeth W. Lay, February 17, 1875); and notification of an ankle injury of Captain W. Leigh Wickham in Chattanooga, Tennessee while serving as paymaster for the Confederate army (Edgar Miller, May 2, 1863).","Correspondents include: Agnes Lee, Annie C. Lee, Ann H. Lee, C.C. Lee; Mary Custis Lee; Richard Henry Lee (1794-1865) concerning the state literary fund and his proposed memoir of Richard A. Lee; Robert E. Lee, Jr. concerning the death of William F. Wickham (July 16, 1873); and William H.F. \"Rooney\"  Lee (1837-1891).","Correspondents include: Elizabeth B. Nicholas, concerning the fall of New Orleans to Federal forces (April 30, 1862); Helen N. Patterson; Lt. Colonel William H. Payne; Virginia Porcher; Lucy Carter Renshaw (1838-1965) concerning damages suffered by the \"Shirley\" plantation during the Civil War battles (July 4, 1862); Amelie Louise Rives Troubetzkoy (1863-1945); and M.C. Rives.","Correspondents include: Carrie P. Nelson; F. Nelson; F.P. Nelson; Jane E. Nelson; Jenny Nelson concerning the capture of Confederate George Washington \"Wash\" Nelson near Smithfield (November 6, 1863) and the raids of the Yankee soldiers in the neighborhood against the local residents (undated Civil War letter); Judith? Nelson; M.W. Nelson concerning the death of Lucy Carter Wickham (January 17, 1835); Mary C. Nelson; Robert Nelson on board the ship Oriental with his friend John Lewis [Points?] (August 29, 1851); Rose Nelson; Virginia L. Nelson; and W. Nelson.","Correspondents include: Anne Rose Page; Elizabeth Burwell Page; John Page; Judith Nelson Page; Leila Page; and Thomas Nelson Page concerning his book about Italy and his visit to England (January 9, 1920).","Correspondents include: George William Shelton; Amelie Louise Sigourney; M.M. Smith; Walter N. Sprinkel; A.M. Stearns; Alexander H.H. Stuart writes of his fear of the future, suggests that Williams Carter Wickham and himself travel to Washington on business to meet with some of the Yankee magnates and discuss ways to end the Civil War and expresses his sorrow over the sundering of the Union (January 23, 1865); Alta E. Stumpf concerning the awakening of Russia and its development (June 29, 1931); J.V. Swearingen; Louisa Nivison Tazewell (1804-1873) describing the death of her father, former Virginia governor, Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774-1860) in her letter (May 16, 1860); Fannie W. Toler; and C. Vanderbilt, Jr.","Correspondents include: Belle Taylor; Bertie Taylor; Edmund P. Taylor; Elizabeth Taylor; Henry Taylor; Henry Taylor, Jr., John Taylor; Julianna Dunlap Leiper Taylor (1801-1883); R.I. Taylor; and Susan W. Taylor.\nOne letter from Henry Taylor, Jr., July 31, 1877, includes a very detailed discussion about Professor Colonel Peters at the University of Virginia.","Correspondents include: Davy Wallace; S. Gardner Waller; Louisa Webb; C.E. Wellford; Mary T. Williams; Captain W.L. Wingfield; Alice B. Winston; Philip B. Winston; and Beulah H.J. Woolston.","Correspondents include: A.C.L. Wickham; Elizabeth S. Wickham; Fanny Wickham concerning the death of Ella Wickham (March 27, 1851); George Wickham; Julia L. Wickham; J.L. Wickham; L.A.C. Wickham; [L.V.] Wickham; M.F. Wickham; and Sarah Wickham.","Topics include a description of the meeting of the trustees of the Peabody Fund for Education in the South, particularly Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple of Minnesota and his life among the indigenous native Americans, who he referred to as \"Indians\" (August 12, 1876).","Topics include climate change (January 31, 1872); details of the career of his friend Custis, who died in 1872 and was a water commissioner in Boston (February 8, 1872); the influence of John C. Calhoun in ruining the whole South and his own state by men following his \"evil counsel\" (January 1, 1875); discussions of reading and current politics (January 8, 1875); description of Wickham's losses during the fire in February (March 13, 1875); mentions of Lord Byron, Charles Lamb, William Cullen Bryant and other literary figures (March 22, 1875); description of the Bunker Hill centennial (June 7, 1875); detailed discussion of the career of Patrick Henry (January 1, 1878); religious reading (March 13, 1878); and Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (December 11, 1878).","The letters are chiefly social or agricultural but one, May 30, 1867, touches upon politics and international events and mentions Rives reading the biography of James Madison.","Topics include the perils of travel by stage to Norfolk, Virginia, in winter (March 3, 1817); condolence letter upon the death of his friend, John Wickham, and reflections upon Wickham's importance in his own life as a mentor and friend and his singular character (January 26, 1839); the mention of Tazewell in the will of John Wickham (March 17 and April 1, 1839); ten inch snowfall in March and the economic difficulties of the country (March 21, 1843); discussion on the political issue on \"our title to Oregon\" (February 26, 1846); and Tazewell thanking William F. Wickham for his translations of Italian comedies, but does not think they merit the efforts of someone of Wickham's ability in the Italian language (July 15, 1849).","Correspondents include: William B. Bowers; E.E. Cooke; E.S. Holmes; E. Laurens; Robert E. Lee; L.M. Mason; N.W. Massie; Catharine H. Myers; [J.] R. Ritchie; E.R. Simons; Sue R. Simons; and Sallie P. Winston.\nThe letter from Robert E. Lee to his cousin, Anne B. Carter Wickham, November 11, 1862, hand-written copy, expresses his regret that her son, Williams Carter Wickham, has again been wounded but explains that he cannot spare Wickham from returning to duty in the army.","Among the numerous correspondents are George Washington Custis Lee; Mildred Lee; W.H.F. Lee; General William Mahone; Francis H. Smith; and George D. Wise.","Correspondents include: John Minor discussing the two engravings, of General Marion and \"the Artist's Dream,\" sent by the Apollo Association for the Promotion of the Fine Arts in the United States and the current relations of the United States and England, especially as affected by the affair of the \"Creole\" (March 18 and October 12, 1842); Henry Clay declines an invitation to visit (February 22, 1848); John S. Mosby, concerning the service of the late Dr. James McClurg as a surgeon in the Revolutionary War (July 16 and August 6, 1849); Francis Robert Rives (1822-1891); Andrew Stevenson (1784-1857) concerning politics and enslavement (February 15, 1850) and a visit (July 20, 1854); John R. Thompson, editor of the  \"Messenger,\" refusing an essay by Wickham defending the Mormons (December 4, 1850);  Edward Vernon Childe (1804-1861) writes concerning the peace negotiations during the Crimean War (December 18, 1855); and two drafts of a letter from Wickham to Robert E. Lee concerning the arrival of the Yankee cavalry at \"Hickory Hill,\" who carried off General W.H. F. Lee as a prisoner in Wickham's carriage as well as horses and enslaved laborers, and includes the report that Charlotte Lee's health is not good and that she is much distressed at her husband's capture (June 28, 1863).","Topics include financial inquiry about Virginia's non-payment of the interest on state stock (January 17, 1872); the fire at Hickory Hill, Hanover County, Virginia (February 15, 1875); the voyage of William D. Shipman to England and his assessment of Thomas Jefferson's life and career (July 4, 1876); Wickham's analysis of State Trials of the United States by Francis Wharton, including his own memories of the James T. Callendar trial (June 19, 1876); and William D. Shipman's mention of seeing the effigy of ancestor William of Wykeham in Winchester, England and information about him (November 6, 1876).","Topics include advice for Henry T. Wickham on entering the legal profession and the study of law (July 24, 1868); Robinson's work with a case in the Supreme Court concerning Allen T. Caperton (1810-1876) and his acts in West Virginia as Provost Marshal (April 15, 1872).","Topics include the declaration of [William B.] Preston for the immediate secession of Virginia from the Union and Wickham's fear that \"the dogs of war will be let loose\" (April 16, 1861); two letters from Colonel [Beverly Holcombe] Robertson about missing and absent soldiers and his efforts to round them up (May 13 and 14, 1862); request for Wickham's support and vote for Robert H. Wynne as doorkeeper of the Confederate House of Representatives (December 24, 1863); John B. Baldwin informs Williams Carter Wickham that his nomination has not been acted upon (February 5, 1864) and two letters from John Taylor about family and home events during the Civil War (February 2 and 8, 1864).","Topics include a letter from Robert E. Lee about Henry T. Wickham's attendance at Washington College in Lexington and Lee's plan to write a history about military campaigns in Virginia during the Civil War (October 3, 1865) and a draft of Wickham's reply to Lee in the hand of Lucy Wickham [October 13, 1865];  a draft of Wickham's letter to General W.H.F. Lee about contemporary politics (April 16, 1868); the formation of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (September 17, 1868); Horace Greeley's comments on the progress of the railroads in Virginia (November 15, 1868); request and recommendation from Alexander H.H. Stuart on behalf of two job seekers in the railroad business (May 5, 1873); efforts of C.T. Smith to get Wickham elected (August 19, 1883); two congratulatory letters on the recent election of Wickham to the Virginia Senate from B. Johnson Barbour and John T. Harris (November 19, 1883); and a request for a donation towards a University of Virginia chapel from Schele de Vere (November 21, 1883).","The diary begins with an entry about the secession of South Carolina from the Union and continues with entries about the evacuation of Fort Moultrie and the removal of troops to Fort Sumter in South Carolina; each state that secedes from the Union is noted and mention made of the firing upon the steamer Star of the West at Charleston, South Carolina; Intermixed with news of the impending war are notes about building a henhouse, nests, the receipt of toys, and weather; his father [Williams Carter Wickham] as a candidate for the Virginia Secession Convention from Henrico (January 29, 1861); and ends with an entry for February 12, 1861.","The diary mentions the following topics: the loan of a sharps rifle from George W. Randolph, supposedly owned before by John Brown and presented to the 1st [Virginia?] Regiment at Harper's Ferry; a four mile drive on the Petersburg Road to \"Strawberry Hill\" owned by Robert Edmond;  Judge and Mrs. Robertson leaving for \"Mount Athos\" their place in the country near Lynchburg, Virginia; double guard on \"the mills\" [Gallego Mills?]; the arrival of 1,000 men from Tennessee who went to the old fairgrounds; a drill by the \"Richland Rifles\" at the South Carolina camp; occupation of Alexandria by President Lincoln's troops; news of a battle at Bethel Church between Yorktown and Hampton; the departure of 2,000 troops for Manassas on June 13th; a visit to Camp Lee; examination of the fortifications below the city with locations noted; note that business is very slow since the commencement of the war; the meeting with Mr. and Mrs. Macfarland and General Lee at Mr. Lyon's [home?]; birth of a daughter [Elise Warwick Barksdale Wickham (1861-1952)] on August 28, 1861; note that he spent the last month with the 16th Virginia Regiment as Quartermaster at \"Camp Withers\" six miles from Norfolk; his orders to transfer to Colonel L. Smith's office as paymaster, September 13, 1861; and the death of cousin Fanny Townes, September 20, 1861.","Subjects include: lists of books purchased from Peter Cotton (October 20, 1816-January 27, 1817 and September 22, 1817); purchases of quills, paper, ink, chessmen, etc. (October 15, 1817); hires of enslaved laborers (January 25 and 27, 1817 and February 21, 1817); and a bill of sale for enslaved laborers (September 17, 1817).","Subjects include: medical care for enslaved laborers from Dr. W.P. Jones (January 12, February 24 and 26, March 24, and June 24, 1818); a hire of an enslaved laborer (April 2, 1819); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men (January 19, 1820).","Subjects include: the return of a little boy, Joe Lewis, and little girl, Lucy, the property of William F. Wickham (September 28, 1821); payment to overseer William Lizer on \"South Wales\" plantation (January 26, 1821); and purchase of paper, ink, and books (July 7, 1821).","Subjects include: the hire of an enslaved girl, Jenny (January 11, 1823).","Subjects include: hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1834-1835; 1837-1838, 1840); and a list of books and magazines, quills, pencils, and paper purchased (1836-1838).","Subjects include: hiring of Samuel Bumpass as overseer (1842); the sale of an enslaved boy, Washington (January 6, 1843); hiring of Nathaniel B. Priddy as overseer (1843); sale of the enslaved woman, Nancy Wylde, and her two youngest children (May 23, 1843); and the sale of an enslaved man, Ned Davis (June 27, 1843).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (July 20, 1846; March 22 and April 16, 1847).","Subjects include: lists of books and writing supplies purchased (February 1848; July 14, 1848; and October 4, 1849).","Subjects include: lists of books purchased (January and November 1850); memoranda book containing the names of enslaved laborers (May 12, 1850); and the hire of enslaved men, Giles, Frank, and John from J.H. Wickham (1851).","Subjects include: list of taxable property for William F. Wickham in 1853, includes 96 enslaved laborers over 16 years old and 116 enslaved laborers over twelve years old.","Subjects include: partners listed for Warwick and Barksdale at the \"Gallego Mills\" following the death of William J. Barksdale (February 15 and July 2, 1860).","Subjects include: theft of stock certificates, bank book, and checks from Williams Carter at the \"North Wales\" plantation during a Yankee raid (May 31, 1864); copy of the last will and testament of Williams Carter with a codicil dated July 30, 1864, freeing his two enslaved women, Margaret and Sally, with any offspring that they have as soon as peace shall be established in the country (July 17, 1864); an enslaved mulatto girl named Sally was lent to Anne Butler Berkeley by Williams Carter (August 10, 1864); indenture concerning the former plantations and property of Williams Carter, Sr. including \"North Wales\" and \"Broad Neck\" (May 16, 1867); and payroll lists (April 1, 1868).","Subjects include: receipts for work in the coal banks, Clifton, West Virginia (1873).","Subjects include: a valuation of personal property at \"North Wales\" plantation; valuation of real estate of Mr. [Abraham] Warwick made by commissioners, including factories, blacksmith shop, houses, lots, and a Brookfield farm; and a list of the names of enslaved laborers, with their evaluations.","These three oversize items include an indenture between Betty Littlepage and Charles Carter of Corotoman (May 5, 1768); a deed of trust from Carter B. Page and Rebecca Page to Thomas Taylor and Benjamin Harrison (June 17, 1817); and an indenture concerning Catherine Page, \"Broad Neck\" and Williams Carter (March 11, 1822).","The oversize deeds and indentures include those signed by Carter B. and Rebecca Page and Thomas Taylor (June 7, 1817); an indenture between John Wickham, Edward Carrington, Daniel Call, and Littleton Waller Tazewell (March 17, 1800); an indenture between Harry and Anna Terrell and Charles Carter (October 7, 1769); an indenture between James Littlepage and Joel Terrell (April 23, 1751); an indenture between John Littlepage and John Carter (March 2, 1735); and a bill of sale for two male enslaved men, Billy and Cyrus (January 15, 1820).","These include a list with the heading \"A List of My Slaves, such as I wish to keep, such as I may wish to sell and may wish to send to the West\" with names, ages, special skills or jobs, and their evaluations on the \"Rocky Mills\" and \"South Wales\" plantations belonging to Edmund Fanning Wickham in 1835; an account of the sale of land and enslaved laborers at \"Rocky Mills\" in November 1842 with the name of the purchaser, name of the enslaved laborer and the prices; a list of enslaved laborers treated by Dr. J.P. Harrison (April 24, 1844; July 1845; July 1848); list of William F. Wickham's enslaved laborers by age category (1843); the evaluation of an enslaved man, Tom Christian and his entire family (December 22, 1846); a list of named enslaved laborers with their ages belonging to the estate of Dr. James McClurg, Hanover County, Virginia, with evalutions by W. O. Winston (January 18, 1852); a list of 209 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1854); a list of 269 named enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] (January 1859); a list of enslaved laborers belonging to [William F. Wickham?] who were either carried off the plantation by Yankee forces or left of their own accord during the Civil War (1862-1864); and one list of enslaved men between the ages of 18 and 55 with the notation that two are in Confederate service, 14 remain on the plantation and 33 have left and gone to the enemy (January 31, 1865) and another list of enslaved laborers that went to the enemy by year, 120 in all [1865].","These six oversize items include four land grant certificates to Edmund F. Wickham and Edwin P. Crenshaw; a London Medical Society membership certificate for Dr. James Maclurg (1784); a letter from Lucy Nelson (1835).","The oversize plats include one for \"North Wales\" plantation belonging to Charles Carter, October 4, 1779; a plat of \"South Wales\" and Lane plantations, Hanover County, according to the division of January 1818, but updated on May 21, 1858; a plat showing the part of \"South Wales\" plantation allotted to Anne B. Carter, the purchase of land by W.F. Wickham from Thomas Carter, and \"Hickory Hill\" plantation purchased by W.F. Wickham from the estate of George W. Smith, November 27, 1825; plat of \"Verdon\" Hanover County, Virginia, belonging to the estate of John T. Anderson (December 1, 1865); and an undated plat showing parcels of land west of the Missouri River, apparently belonging to Thomas Gorham and a Wickham family member, 4 items.","These six oversize items include a survey of the Broad Neck or Big Neck tract for Thomas C. Nelson (September 8, 1818); survey of the Lane tract, part of the South Wales Estate (January 1818); plat of the Lane tract, South Wales and Hickory Hill (January 1818); fields laid off and numbered from a survey of W.F. Wickham's river fields (February 16, 1837); surveys no. 137 and no. 146 in Saline County, Missouri for Edmund F. Wickham (1841); diagram of land plots to the west of the Missouri River and the 5th principal meridian, presumably in Missouri [1841-1842?].","This material includes a recollection of George Wythe by William F. Wickham (1874); and the first recollection of General Robert E. Lee by Anne Carter Wickham Renshaw Byerly, written in a letter to her brother Henry (undated); biographical sketches of Captain William C. Wickham, U.S. Navy (April 19, 1962 and September 1985), John Wickham (undated), and General Williams Carter Wickham (undated); and history of \"Hickory Hill\" (undated).","Families discussed include Fanning, Leiper, Martian, Peyton, Pye, Tabb and Barksdale, Taylor, Warwick, and Wingfield.","This includes a report of [3rd (Wickham's) Virginia Cavalry Brigade] near Front Royal, Virginia (August 23, 1864).","This folder includes such items as the weather at Hickory Hill (1857); a prayer of Bishop Meade (1861); printed advertisement for a catalog of attorneys (1875); damaged circular from a Rochester nursery (1882); a horse pedigree (undated); and \"Notes on Planting Box at Williamsburg\" by Arthur A. Shurcliff (undated).","These include Wickham's notes concerning the \"Home Reminiscences of John Randolph, of Roanoke\" by Powhatan Bouldin, the benefits of lime and marl, and W.W. Mac Farland's address.","These include [Julia L. Wickham], \"Peliso\" Orange, Virginia, gardens in Rome, [Hickory Hill], Captain Williams C. Wickham, U.S. Navy, and an unidentified boy taken by Tyson and Perry, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Wickham family","Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"famname_ssim":["Wickham family"],"persname_ssim":["Wickham, John, 1763-1839","Wickham, William Fanning , 1793-1880","Wickham, Lucy Taylor, 1830-1913","Wickham, Williams Carter, 1820-1888","Wickham, Henry Taylor"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":223,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_294"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1253.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, Papers","title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1969.004"],"text":["Ms.1969.004","Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.","Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. ","The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.","See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]","A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1969.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creators_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1969, 1970, 1982, 1983, and 1984."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in 11 series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1404.xml\" title=\"Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\"\u003eHerschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFigurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.\u003c/title\u003e Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eUniversity of Michigan\u003c/title\u003e. Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_24a6c7f302c5580122e0766bf08ebe1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f09928add8fce97a5ec536c6c3d1d5c6\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:07:37.866Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1253.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, Papers","title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1969.004"],"text":["Ms.1969.004","Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers","Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.","Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. ","The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.","See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]","A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1969.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"creators_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1969, 1970, 1982, 1983, and 1984."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in 11 series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in 11 series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1968. This series consists largely of letters written by Elarth to her mother while traveling and studying in Europe in 1927-1928. In addition to the usual descriptions of activities and sights, Elarth comments at length on the art and architecture that she sees. Among the places from which Elarth writes are London, Paris, Florence, Rome, and Athens. The series also contains a small folder of correspondence received by Elarth from friends and family.","Series II. Diaries, 1927-1968. Elarth's diaries commence with her stay in Europe in 1927-1928. In brief entries, she records travels, personal activities, studies, books read, work, health, and weather conditions. Elarth favored five-year diaries, containing pages formatted to hold entries for five successive years of a given day/month.  With few exceptions, Elarth made daily entries, providing a nearly continuous record of her activities for 40 years. ","Series III. Life and Career, 1905-1971. This series contains materials relating to Elarth's personal, educational, and professional activities. Files relate to her birth and marriage; education; employment history; activities in clubs and professional organizations (particularly the American Association of University Women); and personal interests. The files contain correspondence, notes, and printed material. A folder of personal mementos has address books, identification cards (including a card and bookplates for Hendrik van Ingen), a few pieces of unattributed poetry, and notes made by Elarth on the provenance of a few family heirlooms.","Series IV. Van Ingen Family, 1873-1967. This small series contains materials relating to Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth's paternal family. Included is a folder of correspondence with four letters addressed to Minnie van Ingen. There are also mementos from the wedding of Hendrik van Ingen and Ethel Mae Bell, a small collection of legal documents, and papers relating to the estate of Josephine van Ingen.","Series V. Postcards, ca. 1932-1968. Elarth's substantial collection of postcards focuses largely on the art and architecture she encountered during travels in the United States, Mexico, Europe, and other places. The postcards seem likely to have been assembled to assist in art instruction, with particular emphasis given to the United States, Mexico, Greece, and Italy. The majority of the postcards are unused. Arranged by continent, then nation, then locale and/or medium. Large-format postcards are filed at the end of the series.","Series VI. Printed Material, 1928-1961. This series consists largely of guidebooks likely used by Elarth during her travels in Mexico and Europe. Also included is a folder of assorted printed materials with play programs, scholarly articles on ancient artifacts, and reproductions of various pieces of art.","Series VII. Artwork, 1883-1957. Contained in this series are original works of art created by Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth and her father, Hendrik van Ingen. Included is a collection of greeting cards designed by Elarth, consisting mostly of Christmas cards, many of which are thematically based on the art and architecture of ancient Greece. The series also contains a set of pencil and watercolor studies completed by Elarth. Also in the series are a sketchbook and a collection of unbound sketches signed \"HVI\" and attributed to Elarth's grandfather, Henry van Ingen. Van Ingen's sketches portray scenes from New York state, focusing particularly on the areas of Poughkeepsie and Seneca Lake. Completing the series is a small collection of artwork by unidentified artists, including silhouettes of Hendrik van Ingen and an unidentified woman, as well as five Japanese watercolors. ","Series VIII. Artifacts, n.d. This series comprises Elarth's collection of ancient Aegean and pre-Columbian pottery, clay, and stone artifacts. Included are surface-found pottery and clay shards from various Greek and Greco-Roman sites on the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands. Few of these shards are larger than 5 cm. in length. The collection is arranged by the numbers Elarth assigned to each piece, though the key to the numbers seems to have been lost. A few unnumbered pieces are arranged at the end of the set. Included are three fragments of a small vessel (82.10), a broken but restored phiale (82.37), a lamp (82.46), a Spartan marble fragment (82.51), a black-figure vessel lid (82.52), and three unnumbered items: a partially restored goblet with human figures in bas-relief, a clay spindle whorl, and a broken Minoan box lid with relief handle of reclining dog.  ","Also in the collection are pre-Columbian artifacts either surface-found or purchased by Elarth at the Huexotla site near Texcoco, Mexico. The pieces date from the Toltec/Aztec occupation, after ca. 1000 CE. Included are 22 small earthenware shards (few larger than 5 cm. in length), some with orange slip and additional decoration; others, undecorated. There are also four clay head figures (three human, one animal) and six clay spindle whorls with stamped decoration. The collection also contains six pieces of carved stone artifacts:  a miniature obsidian skull, a miniature jadeite mask, a carved relief of uncertain purpose, and three fragments of worked obsidian.","Series IX. Heirlooms and Mementos, 1862-ca. 1940. Elarth's activities and interests are represented in this collection of objects. There are pieces of jewelry, insignia pins, souvenirs from world's fair expositions, small collections of sealing wax impressions and Susquehanna Valley Bank notes, an ornate carved wood (19th century Dutch?) smoking pipe, and various personal effects. Many of the items likely belonged to Elarth's parents and husband. Also included is what appears to be a large (32 cm. diameter) Native American (perhaps Navajo) pottery bowl, broken into 33 individual pieces ranging in size from tiny to large.","Series X. Photographs and Negatives, 1893-1967. These photographs chronicle Elarth's life, family, friends, and travels. Included are photographs of her Newton, Bell, and van Ingen ancestors, with individual files devoted to her mother and father. (Included in the Hendrik van Ingen file are a number of photographs of buildings under construction, likely being homes that he had designed.) Also there are photos of the Elarths and family friends. A number of other photos in the series, showing scenes of the Rochester and Poughkeepsie, New York areas, were probably taken or collected by Hendrik van Ingen. The Elarths' home in Manitoba, Canada is shown in several dozen photos. The series also contains a large number of negatives, the majority of which are from Elarth's time in Greece. Also among the negatives are images of family and friends; travels; and the Elarths' homes in Manitoba and Virginia. Many of the negatives in the series have no corresponding print.","Series XI. Photo Albums, 1905-1927. The collection's albums largely mirror the photos found in the previous series. Two albums likely compiled by Hendrik van Ingen, contain photographs of various scenes, probably in the areas of Poughkeepsie and Rochester, New York. Also included is an album with photographs of Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth in early childhood and two albums of unidentified people and scenes of the early 20th century (likely Elarth and her family). The final item in the series seems to have been artificially compiled after its acquisition, though a number of the photos show evidence of having been removed from an album."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilhelmina van Ingen was born in 1905 in Rochester, New York, the daughter of Hendrik van Ingen, a well-known architect, and Ethel Mae Bell van Ingen. (Hendrik van Ingen was the son of Henry van Ingen, a painter of the Hudson River School who had emigrated from the Netherlands in 1860, and founded the Vassar College Art Department.) ","After graduating from Vassar in 1926, van Ingen was awarded a Carnegie fellowship to study at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece from 1927 to 1928, during which time she participated in excavations at Eleusis. She earned a  master's degree in art history and classical archaeology from Radcliffe College in 1929. Van Ingen later studied at Johns Hopkins University and in 1932, received a Ph.D. from Radcliffe with a dissertation titled \"A Study of the Foundry Painter and the Alkimachos Painter.\" For several years, van Ingen held a research appointment at the University of Michigan's Institute of Archaeological Research. ","In 1935, van Ingen was hired as an art professor at Wheaton College, where she continued to work until 1946. In 1942, she married Herschel A. Elarth (1907-1988), then a professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. The couple moved to Canada in 1947. Both worked for the University of Manitoba, where Wilhelmina taught art history.","In 1954, the couple moved to Blacksburg, Virginia, where Herschel Elarth joined the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ArchitectureArt Department. During her time in Blacksburg, Wilhelmina Elarth was active in the American Association of University Women and served as the Blacksburg branch's president from 1964 to 1966. She was also an advisor to the Blacksburg Regional Art Association and director of the Associated Endowment Fund of the American School of Classical Studies, as well as a member of the Archeological Institute of America, the College Art Association, and Phi Beta Kappa.","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth died in Roanoke, Virginia on January 7, 1969, following an illness of about a year. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers, Ms1969-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilhelmina Van Ingen Elarth Papers commenced in January, 2012 and was completed in November, 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1404.xml\" title=\"Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\"\u003eHerschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFigurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.\u003c/title\u003e Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evan Ingen, Wilhelmina. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eUniversity of Michigan\u003c/title\u003e. Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following related materials, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Herschel Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  Figurines from Seleucia on the Tigris, Discovered by the Expeditions Conducted by the University of Michigan with the Cooperation of the Toledo Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art, 1927-1932.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1939. (NB80 .V34 1939 Large Spec)","van Ingen, Wilhelmina.  University of Michigan . Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, United States of America fasc. 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1933. (NK4640 .C6 U5 faxc. 3 Folio Spec)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.","[includes phiale (82.37), lamp (82.46), Spartan marble fragment (82.51), black-figure vessel lid (82.52), clay spindle whorl, and broken Minoan box lid with relief of reclining dog]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A number of books were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection. These books may be accessed by entering Wilhelmina Elarth's name as a keyword search in the library's catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_24a6c7f302c5580122e0766bf08ebe1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth, a professor of art history and classical studies who taught at the University of Michigan, Wheaton College (Massachusetts), and the University of Manitoba. The collection includes such materials as correspondence, diaries, subject files, postcards, printed materials, original artwork (including sketches attributed to Henry van Ingen), ancient relic fragments, mementos and photographs. Much of the collection focuses on van Ingen's interest in the art and architecture of ancient Greece, Italy, and Mexico, and her visits to sites in those countries, including her year in Athens at the American School of Classical Studies, during which she participated in excavations at Eleusis."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f09928add8fce97a5ec536c6c3d1d5c6\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Elarth, Wilhelmina Van Ingen, 1905-1969"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:07:37.866Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1253"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wilkin Family Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2199#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMore than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870. Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin. Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller. Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records. There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church. Numerous items are written in the German language.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2199#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2199.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wilkin Family Papers","title_ssm":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1757-1922 and undated","1780-1870"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1780-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1757-1922 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 W64","/repositories/2/resources/2199"],"text":["Mss. 39.1 W64","/repositories/2/resources/2199","Wilkin Family Papers","Germans--Virginia","Reformed Church in the United States--History","Reformed German Church","Shenandoah County (Va.)--History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)--History","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series.","Preliminary description by Ellen R. Strong in 2002.  Sorted by Matthew Niendorf in 2014.  Revised and updated by Del Moore in 2015.","More than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.","These include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.","Most items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.","Receipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.","Promissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.","These items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.","These include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.","In most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.","These include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.","Included are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.","There are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.","John Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. Some are to or from relatives who have moved to the Midwest. Topics include land, crops, finding wives, and money. Some correspondence with a Mr. E. Duvall involves forming a Branch Society related to alchemy and mining.","There are four empty envelopes; addressees are Isaiah Funkhauser, Dr. E. Duvall, and John Wilkins.","This material includes items relating to military service, church business, medicine, and poetry. There also are newspaper clippings and other printed ephemera, as well as numerous fragments and scribbles.","These ten items include certificates for service, supplies, and attendance at a Court Martial during or just after the Revolution. A return for May 1815 of a company of Virginia militia commanded by Captain Samuel Bare has numbers only – no names.","These three items include an 1841 letter (without signatures) to the German Reformed Church of Woodstock stating why thirty-nine members are withdrawing their membership, an 1854 request for subscribers to pay for a new preacher in German and English in North Mountain Gorge, and a petition signed by more than one hundred members of Evangelic German Reformed congregations in Shenandoah County asking that the German-speaking Rev. John Kessler be given permission to take charge as their minister.","These eight items include medical prescriptions and lists of chemicals.","There are three poems of unknown origin, though one has three or four names on the back, including Edwina V. Hatfield.","Among about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.","There are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.","These thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. There are a variety of formats, but translation is required to reveal purpose and content.","Special Collections Research Center","Funkhauser family","Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 W64","/repositories/2/resources/2199"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired: 05/07/1939. Acquisition Note: Source: C. J. Carrier of Bridgewater, VA. Exchange."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Germans--Virginia","Reformed Church in the United States--History","Reformed German Church","Shenandoah County (Va.)--History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)--History","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Germans--Virginia","Reformed Church in the United States--History","Reformed German Church","Shenandoah County (Va.)--History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)--History","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilkin Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Wilkin Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreliminary description by Ellen R. Strong in 2002.  Sorted by Matthew Niendorf in 2014.  Revised and updated by Del Moore in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Preliminary description by Ellen R. Strong in 2002.  Sorted by Matthew Niendorf in 2014.  Revised and updated by Del Moore in 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMore than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePromissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. 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Hatfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. There are a variety of formats, but translation is required to reveal purpose and content.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["More than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.","These include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.","Most items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.","Receipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.","Promissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.","These items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.","These include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.","In most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.","These include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.","Included are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.","There are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.","John Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. Some are to or from relatives who have moved to the Midwest. Topics include land, crops, finding wives, and money. Some correspondence with a Mr. E. Duvall involves forming a Branch Society related to alchemy and mining.","There are four empty envelopes; addressees are Isaiah Funkhauser, Dr. E. Duvall, and John Wilkins.","This material includes items relating to military service, church business, medicine, and poetry. There also are newspaper clippings and other printed ephemera, as well as numerous fragments and scribbles.","These ten items include certificates for service, supplies, and attendance at a Court Martial during or just after the Revolution. A return for May 1815 of a company of Virginia militia commanded by Captain Samuel Bare has numbers only – no names.","These three items include an 1841 letter (without signatures) to the German Reformed Church of Woodstock stating why thirty-nine members are withdrawing their membership, an 1854 request for subscribers to pay for a new preacher in German and English in North Mountain Gorge, and a petition signed by more than one hundred members of Evangelic German Reformed congregations in Shenandoah County asking that the German-speaking Rev. John Kessler be given permission to take charge as their minister.","These eight items include medical prescriptions and lists of chemicals.","There are three poems of unknown origin, though one has three or four names on the back, including Edwina V. Hatfield.","Among about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.","There are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.","These thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. There are a variety of formats, but translation is required to reveal purpose and content."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Funkhauser family","Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Funkhauser family","Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"famname_ssim":["Funkhauser family"],"persname_ssim":["Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:27:41.294Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2199","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2199.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wilkin Family Papers","title_ssm":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilkin Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1757-1922 and undated","1780-1870"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1780-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1757-1922 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 W64","/repositories/2/resources/2199"],"text":["Mss. 39.1 W64","/repositories/2/resources/2199","Wilkin Family Papers","Germans--Virginia","Reformed Church in the United States--History","Reformed German Church","Shenandoah County (Va.)--History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)--History","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series.","Preliminary description by Ellen R. Strong in 2002.  Sorted by Matthew Niendorf in 2014.  Revised and updated by Del Moore in 2015.","More than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.","These include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.","Most items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.","Receipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.","Promissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.","These items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.","These include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.","In most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.","These include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.","Included are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.","There are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.","John Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. Some are to or from relatives who have moved to the Midwest. Topics include land, crops, finding wives, and money. Some correspondence with a Mr. E. Duvall involves forming a Branch Society related to alchemy and mining.","There are four empty envelopes; addressees are Isaiah Funkhauser, Dr. E. Duvall, and John Wilkins.","This material includes items relating to military service, church business, medicine, and poetry. There also are newspaper clippings and other printed ephemera, as well as numerous fragments and scribbles.","These ten items include certificates for service, supplies, and attendance at a Court Martial during or just after the Revolution. A return for May 1815 of a company of Virginia militia commanded by Captain Samuel Bare has numbers only – no names.","These three items include an 1841 letter (without signatures) to the German Reformed Church of Woodstock stating why thirty-nine members are withdrawing their membership, an 1854 request for subscribers to pay for a new preacher in German and English in North Mountain Gorge, and a petition signed by more than one hundred members of Evangelic German Reformed congregations in Shenandoah County asking that the German-speaking Rev. John Kessler be given permission to take charge as their minister.","These eight items include medical prescriptions and lists of chemicals.","There are three poems of unknown origin, though one has three or four names on the back, including Edwina V. Hatfield.","Among about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.","There are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.","These thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. 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Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically within 5 series."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilkin Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Wilkin Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreliminary description by Ellen R. 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Strong in 2002.  Sorted by Matthew Niendorf in 2014.  Revised and updated by Del Moore in 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMore than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePromissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. Some are to or from relatives who have moved to the Midwest. Topics include land, crops, finding wives, and money. Some correspondence with a Mr. E. Duvall involves forming a Branch Society related to alchemy and mining.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are four empty envelopes; addressees are Isaiah Funkhauser, Dr. E. Duvall, and John Wilkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material includes items relating to military service, church business, medicine, and poetry. There also are newspaper clippings and other printed ephemera, as well as numerous fragments and scribbles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese ten items include certificates for service, supplies, and attendance at a Court Martial during or just after the Revolution. A return for May 1815 of a company of Virginia militia commanded by Captain Samuel Bare has numbers only – no names.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three items include an 1841 letter (without signatures) to the German Reformed Church of Woodstock stating why thirty-nine members are withdrawing their membership, an 1854 request for subscribers to pay for a new preacher in German and English in North Mountain Gorge, and a petition signed by more than one hundred members of Evangelic German Reformed congregations in Shenandoah County asking that the German-speaking Rev. John Kessler be given permission to take charge as their minister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese eight items include medical prescriptions and lists of chemicals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three poems of unknown origin, though one has three or four names on the back, including Edwina V. Hatfield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. There are a variety of formats, but translation is required to reveal purpose and content.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["More than 600 items from the period 1757 to 1922, with the bulk falling between 1780 and 1870.  Most items reference members of the Wilkin/Wilkins family of Shenandoah County, Virginia, particularly Godfrey, John, Philip, Benomi, and Benjamin Wilkin.  Other surnames include Gochenauer, Layman, Funkhauser, Koock, and Miller.  Most documents are financial or legal, such as receipts, promissory notes, account statements, and probate records.  There is some correspondence, as well as a few documents relating to military service in the Revolutionary period and the affairs of the German Reformed Church.  Numerous items are written in the German language.","These include tax documents, receipts, promissory notes, and account statements.","Most items are receipts for payment of parish levies and taxes on real estate and personal property.","Receipts acknowledge payments for purchases, services, and debts.","Promissory notes indicate terms for the repayment of loans or payments for services provided.","These items range from brief mention of an item purchased to several pages from a firm's account book.","These include probate records, copies of deeds and indentures, receipts for recording or issuing court documents, and orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses.","In most cases the deceased are members of the Wilkin family or Wilkin family members are administrators of the estates.  Among the deceased are Jacob Coffman, multiple Godfrey Wilkins, Benjamin Layman, John Wilkin, Jacob Wilkin, and Peter Miller.","These include copies of deeds, receipts for recording deeds or registering inherited land, boundary descriptions, and a property sale notice.","Included are a guardian indenture, an apprentice indenture, receipts for issuing and recording court documents, vouchers for payments to witnesses, orders to a sheriff to summon witnesses, and receipts for payment of court settlements.","There are about thirty letters and notes and four empty envelopes.","John Wilkin is the writer or recipient of many items. Some are to or from relatives who have moved to the Midwest. Topics include land, crops, finding wives, and money. Some correspondence with a Mr. E. Duvall involves forming a Branch Society related to alchemy and mining.","There are four empty envelopes; addressees are Isaiah Funkhauser, Dr. E. Duvall, and John Wilkins.","This material includes items relating to military service, church business, medicine, and poetry. There also are newspaper clippings and other printed ephemera, as well as numerous fragments and scribbles.","These ten items include certificates for service, supplies, and attendance at a Court Martial during or just after the Revolution. A return for May 1815 of a company of Virginia militia commanded by Captain Samuel Bare has numbers only – no names.","These three items include an 1841 letter (without signatures) to the German Reformed Church of Woodstock stating why thirty-nine members are withdrawing their membership, an 1854 request for subscribers to pay for a new preacher in German and English in North Mountain Gorge, and a petition signed by more than one hundred members of Evangelic German Reformed congregations in Shenandoah County asking that the German-speaking Rev. John Kessler be given permission to take charge as their minister.","These eight items include medical prescriptions and lists of chemicals.","There are three poems of unknown origin, though one has three or four names on the back, including Edwina V. Hatfield.","Among about twenty-five items are candidate lists for an 1873 election in Shenandoah County, newspaper clippings, Sunday school lessons, blank checks, ads for medical products, and a large ad for a Bible.","There are approximately fifty items, most of which range from small fragments to significant portions of various types of documents. Other items include scrap paper with scribbles and a page of repetitions of statements apparently assigned to a student for disciplinary purposes.","These thirty-five documents apparently are written in German or a combination of German and English. There are a variety of formats, but translation is required to reveal purpose and content."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Funkhauser family","Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Funkhauser family","Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"famname_ssim":["Funkhauser family"],"persname_ssim":["Wilkin, Godfrey, fl. 1788-1815","Wilkin, John","Wilkin, Rachel"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:27:41.294Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2199"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Addison Caldwell Collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Caldwell, William Addison","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1554.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Caldwell, William Addison Collection","title_ssm":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"title_tesim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1910"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.048"],"text":["Ms.1988.048","William Addison Caldwell Collection","Craig County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The collection is arranged by material type.","William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026 Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.","By 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026 Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. ","Source: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website,  https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html , accessed March 22, 2021.","The guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Prior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021.","Contained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Papers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Caldwell, William Addison","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.048"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"collection_ssim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Craig County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Craig County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creator_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creators_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"places_ssim":["Craig County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Portions of the William Addison Caldwell Collection were acquired by Special Collections and University Archives prior to 1992. Additions were donated in 1992 and 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/383\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026amp; Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026amp; Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html\"\u003ehttps://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 22, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026 Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.","By 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026 Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. ","Source: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website,  https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html , accessed March 22, 2021."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Prior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Addison Caldwell Collection, Ms 1988-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Addison Caldwell Collection, Ms 1988-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_752571274678c2f6f2c69d437fcc8e4e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePapers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Caldwell, William Addison"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"persname_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:02:26.348Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1554.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Caldwell, William Addison Collection","title_ssm":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"title_tesim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1910"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.048"],"text":["Ms.1988.048","William Addison Caldwell Collection","Craig County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The collection is arranged by material type.","William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026 Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.","By 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026 Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. ","Source: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website,  https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html , accessed March 22, 2021.","The guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Prior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021.","Contained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Papers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Caldwell, William Addison","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.048"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"collection_ssim":["William Addison Caldwell Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Craig County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Craig County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creator_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"creators_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"places_ssim":["Craig County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Portions of the William Addison Caldwell Collection were acquired by Special Collections and University Archives prior to 1992. Additions were donated in 1992 and 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/383\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026amp; Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026amp; Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html\"\u003ehttps://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 22, 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell, son of George C. and Lorena Givens Caldwell, was born in Craig County, Virginia on January 10, 1856. In October 1872, Caldwell and his brother Milton (\"Mic\"), walked from their home on Craig County's Sinking Creek to enroll at the new Virginia Agricultural \u0026 Mechanical College (VAMC; now Virginia Tech). Addison Caldwell became the first student to enroll at the school. He was among the second graduating class in 1876.","By 1880, Caldwell had returned to his parents' home and was teaching school. 1887 found him living in Roanoke, Virginia, and working in the general offices of the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad Company. Around 1898, Caldwell moved to Wilmington, North Carolina; he worked there for several large wholesale firms (the Stove Company; W. B. Cooper; Blair \u0026 Haly; and C. C. Covington). While recovering from brain surgery in 1910, and on his doctor's advice, Caldwell took a summertime position as clerk at Tarrymore Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, to be closer to the salt air. Shortly after taking the job, Caldwell fainted, sustained a head injury, and died on June 29, 1910. He was buried in Caldwell Cemetery, Radford, Virginia. ","Source: \"William Addison Caldwell: First Student to Register\", Virginia Tech History website,  https://history.unirel.vt.edu/students_alumni/first_student.html , accessed March 22, 2021."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Addison Caldwell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Prior to processing, this collection had been known as the William Addison Caldwell Papers. An examination of the contents and their origins suggested that the William Addison Caldwell Collection would be a more accurate name."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Addison Caldwell Collection, Ms 1988-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Addison Caldwell Collection, Ms 1988-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William Addison Caldwell Collection commenced and was completed in December 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contained in the Wiliam Addison Caldwell Collection is a letter written by Caldwell to his niece, Katherine Caldwell of East Radford, Virginia. Writing from Tarrymore Hotel in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, \"Add\" briefly relays general personal news of the hotel and his new job there, the weather, and his health. The letter is accompanied by its envelope. The collection also contains an 1875 VAMC grade report for Caldwell, with its accompanying envelope. Also included is a ca. 1900 photo (original and reprint) of Caldwell with his family; Caldwell's 1910 obituary; and a Bible presented to Caldwell by Mrs. William c. McKemey and dated at VAMC, November 2, 1878."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_752571274678c2f6f2c69d437fcc8e4e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePapers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers associated with William Addison \"Add\" Caldwell (1856-1910) of Craig County, Virginia, first student enrolled at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (VAMC, later Virginia Tech). Includes a letter written by Caldwell in 1910; his 1875 VAMC report card; a Caldwell family photo portrait; Caldwell's obituary; and a Bible given to Caldwell by Mrs. William C. McKemey."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Caldwell, William Addison"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"persname_ssim":["Caldwell, William Addison"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:02:26.348Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1554"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. Jackson Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2971.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197013","title_ssm":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971"],"text":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971","William A. Jackson Papers","Jane Lew (W. Va.)","Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creator_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creators_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"places_ssim":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.38 Linear Feet Summary: 2 ft. 4 1/2 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 5 items); (2 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["2.38 Linear Feet Summary: 2 ft. 4 1/2 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 5 items); (2 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Jackson Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0660, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Jackson Papers, A\u0026M 0660, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_98d6c247888ef026825eb94fd9302799\"\u003ePapers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_951e67552440d986b2c6a21df27b872b\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society."],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:41:50.832Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2971.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197013","title_ssm":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971"],"text":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971","William A. Jackson Papers","Jane Lew (W. Va.)","Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0660","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Jackson Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creator_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"creators_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)"],"places_ssim":["Jane Lew (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Livestock","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Lumber trade","Petroleum industry and trade","Politics and government."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.38 Linear Feet Summary: 2 ft. 4 1/2 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 5 items); (2 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["2.38 Linear Feet Summary: 2 ft. 4 1/2 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 5 items); (2 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Jackson Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0660, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Jackson Papers, A\u0026M 0660, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_98d6c247888ef026825eb94fd9302799\"\u003ePapers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers and records of William A. Jackson (1865-1957), W.W. Smith, and J.G. Jackson, and of various businesses established by these men in Jane Lew. There are many papers of the firm of Jackson and Burnside, cattle dealers, relating to the shipping and sale of livestock to commission merchants in New Jersey, Baltimore, Maryland, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Also included are accounts and correspondence of: the West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society and papers commenting on Democratic politics, ca.1916; the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association; the board of education at Jane Lew; sale of lumber; South Penn Oil Company, Fink; the Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company; and the Jane Lew High School Athletic Association."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_951e67552440d986b2c6a21df27b872b\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society.","Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders Association","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Jackson and Burnside","Jane Lew High School Athletic Association","Parkersburg-Buckhannon Oil and Gas Company","South Penn Oil Company","West Virginia Christian Endeavor Society."],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, William A. (1865-1957)","Jackson, J.G.","Jackson, William A.","Smith, W.W."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:41:50.832Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2971"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_921.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126290","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, William Allen, family papers and related families","title_ssm":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"title_tesim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1808-1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1808-1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/921","William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","This collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.","This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. ","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" ","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. ","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false","This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. ","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. ","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. "," There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"extent_tesim":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"physfacet_tesim":["Family correspondence, genealogy, printed items, photographs and scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026amp; Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eButler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA16\u0026amp;lpg=PA16\u0026amp;dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. ","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" ","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. ","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026amp; Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026amp; Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeautiful valentine cards\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to his mother are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letter from the President of Princeton University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also legal box 17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. ","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. ","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. "," There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":265,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:41:45.875Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_921.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126290","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, William Allen, 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Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.","This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. ","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" ","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. ","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false","This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. ","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. ","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. "," There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"extent_tesim":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"physfacet_tesim":["Family correspondence, genealogy, printed items, photographs and scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026amp; Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eButler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA16\u0026amp;lpg=PA16\u0026amp;dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. ","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" ","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. ","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026amp; Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026amp; Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeautiful valentine cards\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to his mother are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letter from the President of Princeton University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also legal box 17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. ","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. ","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. ","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. "," There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":265,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:41:45.875Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5695.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198832","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"text":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695","William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William A. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c71bb66b243cb44a2b8e2b448fd8d70d\"\u003ePapers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_00454bcad1af67ae189aaea8fde9c819\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:50:09.060Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5695.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198832","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"text":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695","William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William A. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c71bb66b243cb44a2b8e2b448fd8d70d\"\u003ePapers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_00454bcad1af67ae189aaea8fde9c819\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. 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Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:50:09.060Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details. Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970. There are additional addenda.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5798.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198885","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["1824-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798"],"text":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798","William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","Special access restriction applies.","William A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982.","Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.","Addendum of 2010/10/29  includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)","Addendum of 2011/03/21  includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)","The photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.","Locations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include:  \nBaltimore, MD \nBrownsville, PA \nFrederick, MD \nIndiana, PA \nMorgantown, WV \nWheeling, WV","Some portraits in the album are identified. Names include:  \nDavis Bowens \nJane Bowens \nElisha M. Hagans \nAnnie Hagans \nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nJohn Bowie \nEliza Bowie \nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?)  \nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?)  \nRachel Boyce","Addendum of 2011/06/20  includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)","Historical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.","West Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.","1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.","Ethel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.","Morgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.","Brown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.","Publications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.","Newspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.","Artifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.","Oversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley","Photographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.","Unsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.","Addendum of 2014/06/12  papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)","box 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland","box 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes","box 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design","box 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments","box 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)","box 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material","box 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks","box 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket","box 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page","box 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)","box 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family","box 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated","box 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939","box 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937","box 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated","box 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819","box 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940","box 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937","box 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940","box 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team","box 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940","box 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937","box 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s","box 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940","box 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902","box 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938","box 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945","box 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945","box 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated","box 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939","box 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated","box 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s","unboxed; large wooden clothes pin","unboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside","Addendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45","box 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated","box 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980 Addendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46 \nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n Addendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47 \nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934","Books:","\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.","\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].","\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia","\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.","\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.","\nPeriodical:","\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.","\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:","Bulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . 1921.","Bulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.","\nHaymond, Henry.  Historical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families .","History of Dunlap's Creek Academy . Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.","\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook . Volume XXIII. 1963.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . ca. 1940.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.","\nMoreland, James R.  The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders . Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.","\nMoreland, Joseph.  Morgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026c . Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]","West Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973 . 1973.","West Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915 . Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.","Woman's Edition of The New Dominion . Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown family","Moreland family","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Turner, John R.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"places_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["24.8 Linear Feet Summary: 24 ft. 10 in. (22 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 6 in.); (5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 small flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 newspaper box, 3 in.); (1 card index box 4 1/2 in.); (1 flag box, 23 in.); (1 roll storage box, 6 in.); (1 steamer trunk, 30 in.); (1 large wooden clothes pin, 27 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["24.8 Linear Feet Summary: 24 ft. 10 in. (22 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 6 in.); (5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 small flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 newspaper box, 3 in.); (1 card index box 4 1/2 in.); (1 flag box, 23 in.); (1 roll storage box, 6 in.); (1 steamer trunk, 30 in.); (1 large wooden clothes pin, 27 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 2032, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material, A\u0026M 2032, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2010/10/29\u003c/emph\u003e includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2011/03/21\u003c/emph\u003e includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLocations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore, MD\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBrownsville, PA\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick, MD\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIndiana, PA\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMorgantown, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWheeling, WV\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome portraits in the album are identified. Names include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDavis Bowens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJane Bowens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nElisha M. Hagans\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAnnie Hagans\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJohn Bowie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEliza Bowie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRachel Boyce\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2011/06/20\u003c/emph\u003e includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEthel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArtifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2014/06/12\u003c/emph\u003e papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eunboxed; large wooden clothes pin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eunboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.","Addendum of 2010/10/29  includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)","Addendum of 2011/03/21  includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)","The photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.","Locations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include:  \nBaltimore, MD \nBrownsville, PA \nFrederick, MD \nIndiana, PA \nMorgantown, WV \nWheeling, WV","Some portraits in the album are identified. Names include:  \nDavis Bowens \nJane Bowens \nElisha M. Hagans \nAnnie Hagans \nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nJohn Bowie \nEliza Bowie \nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?)  \nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?)  \nRachel Boyce","Addendum of 2011/06/20  includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)","Historical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.","West Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.","1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.","Ethel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.","Morgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.","Brown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.","Publications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.","Newspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.","Artifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.","Oversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley","Photographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.","Unsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.","Addendum of 2014/06/12  papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)","box 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland","box 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes","box 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design","box 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments","box 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)","box 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material","box 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks","box 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket","box 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page","box 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)","box 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family","box 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated","box 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939","box 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937","box 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated","box 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819","box 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940","box 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937","box 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940","box 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team","box 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940","box 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937","box 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s","box 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940","box 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902","box 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938","box 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945","box 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945","box 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated","box 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939","box 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated","box 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s","unboxed; large wooden clothes pin","unboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside","Addendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45","box 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated","box 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980 Addendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46 \nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n Addendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47 \nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPeriodical:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1921.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHaymond, Henry. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of Dunlap's Creek Academy\u003c/title\u003e. Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook\u003c/title\u003e. Volume XXIII. 1963.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works\u003c/title\u003e. ca. 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, Joseph. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMorgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026amp;c\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973\u003c/title\u003e. 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915\u003c/title\u003e. Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWoman's Edition of The New Dominion\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books:","\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.","\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].","\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia","\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.","\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.","\nPeriodical:","\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.","\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:","Bulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . 1921.","Bulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.","\nHaymond, Henry.  Historical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families .","History of Dunlap's Creek Academy . Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.","\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook . Volume XXIII. 1963.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . ca. 1940.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.","\nMoreland, James R.  The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders . Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.","\nMoreland, Joseph.  Morgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026c . Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]","West Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973 . 1973.","West Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915 . Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.","Woman's Edition of The New Dominion . Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7846d980c65866025c579b1bc50c0857\"\u003ePapers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f7ab7139019f40454ac685fdcc64bff9\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown family","Moreland family","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Turner, John R."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Brown family","Moreland family","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Turner, John R."],"famname_ssim":["Brown family","Moreland family"],"persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Turner, John R."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:03:44.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5798","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5798.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198885","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["1824-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798"],"text":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798","William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","Special access restriction applies.","William A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982.","Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.","Addendum of 2010/10/29  includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)","Addendum of 2011/03/21  includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)","The photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.","Locations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include:  \nBaltimore, MD \nBrownsville, PA \nFrederick, MD \nIndiana, PA \nMorgantown, WV \nWheeling, WV","Some portraits in the album are identified. Names include:  \nDavis Bowens \nJane Bowens \nElisha M. Hagans \nAnnie Hagans \nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nJohn Bowie \nEliza Bowie \nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?)  \nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?)  \nRachel Boyce","Addendum of 2011/06/20  includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)","Historical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.","West Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.","1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.","Ethel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.","Morgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.","Brown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.","Publications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.","Newspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.","Artifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.","Oversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley","Photographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.","Unsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.","Addendum of 2014/06/12  papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)","box 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland","box 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes","box 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design","box 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments","box 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)","box 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material","box 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks","box 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket","box 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page","box 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)","box 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family","box 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated","box 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939","box 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937","box 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated","box 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819","box 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940","box 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937","box 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940","box 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team","box 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940","box 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937","box 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s","box 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940","box 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902","box 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938","box 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945","box 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945","box 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated","box 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939","box 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated","box 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s","unboxed; large wooden clothes pin","unboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside","Addendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45","box 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated","box 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980 Addendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46 \nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n Addendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47 \nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934","Books:","\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.","\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].","\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia","\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.","\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.","\nPeriodical:","\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.","\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:","Bulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . 1921.","Bulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.","\nHaymond, Henry.  Historical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families .","History of Dunlap's Creek Academy . Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.","\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook . Volume XXIII. 1963.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . ca. 1940.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.","\nMoreland, James R.  The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders . Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.","\nMoreland, Joseph.  Morgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026c . Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]","West Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973 . 1973.","West Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915 . Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.","Woman's Edition of The New Dominion . Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown family","Moreland family","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Turner, John R.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2032","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5798"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"places_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Churches  -- Morgantown First Presbyterian","Coal mining.","Democratic National Convention of 1924.","Elections","Family histories.","Genealogy","Labor","Literature -- Societies, etc","Morgantown - Newspapers.","Morgantown - schools.","Frontier and pioneer life","Political campaigns","Politics - Western Virginia.","Politics and government.","Scrapbooks","Universities and colleges","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["24.8 Linear Feet Summary: 24 ft. 10 in. (22 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 6 in.); (5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 small flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 newspaper box, 3 in.); (1 card index box 4 1/2 in.); (1 flag box, 23 in.); (1 roll storage box, 6 in.); (1 steamer trunk, 30 in.); (1 large wooden clothes pin, 27 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["24.8 Linear Feet Summary: 24 ft. 10 in. (22 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 6 in.); (5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 small flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 newspaper box, 3 in.); (1 card index box 4 1/2 in.); (1 flag box, 23 in.); (1 roll storage box, 6 in.); (1 steamer trunk, 30 in.); (1 large wooden clothes pin, 27 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William A. Moreland was born in 1916 to James R. and Ethel (Finnicum) Moreland of Morgantown, West Virginia. Moreland served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later became a lawyer. He served as a member of the West Virginia State House of Delegates from Monongalia County from 1951 until 1958. He then served as the West Virginia State Senator from the 14th District from 1959 until 1982."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 2032, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Political Papers, World War II Records, and Other Material, A\u0026M 2032, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2010/10/29\u003c/emph\u003e includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2011/03/21\u003c/emph\u003e includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLocations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore, MD\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBrownsville, PA\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick, MD\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIndiana, PA\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMorgantown, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWheeling, WV\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome portraits in the album are identified. Names include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDavis Bowens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJane Bowens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nElisha M. Hagans\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAnnie Hagans\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJohn Bowie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEliza Bowie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRachel Boyce\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2011/06/20\u003c/emph\u003e includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEthel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArtifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2014/06/12\u003c/emph\u003e papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eunboxed; large wooden clothes pin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eunboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebox 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAddendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Also includes material documenting his WWII service, including transporting troops by train on the home front, and service in Japan and the Philippines. The collection includes photographs and certificates from various organizations received during his career.","Addendum of 2010/10/29  includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs (including photos of his father, James Moreland). (ca. 1900-1965; 7 1/2 in.)","Addendum of 2011/03/21  includes papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Genealogy (1898-1948, undated), News Clippings (1898-1945, undated), Photographs (ca. 1860-1942, undated), Historical Narratives (1939, 1942), James R. Moreland Papers (1899-1945, undated), Joseph Moreland Papers (1898-1913, undated), Scrapbook (1897-1950), Miscellaneous (1868, undated), and Photo Album (ca. 1855-1875). (ca. 1855-1950; 1 ft. 7 in.)","The photo album (3 in. x 4 in. x 5 in.) contains 40 cartes de visite (CDVs) and 1 tintype.","Locations of photographers identified on the cards in the album include:  \nBaltimore, MD \nBrownsville, PA \nFrederick, MD \nIndiana, PA \nMorgantown, WV \nWheeling, WV","Some portraits in the album are identified. Names include:  \nDavis Bowens \nJane Bowens \nElisha M. Hagans \nAnnie Hagans \nReverend Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nMrs. Martin (in Brownsville?)  \nJohn Bowie \nEliza Bowie \nJames A. Brown (in Baltimore?)  \nJohn A. Dille (in Morgantown?)  \nRachel Boyce","Addendum of 2011/06/20  includes papers of William A. Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. There are series of Historical Information; West Virginia University; 1924 Democratic National Convention; Ethel Finnicum Moreland; Morgantown African-American History; Brown Family Papers; Publications; Newspapers and News Clippings; Artifacts, Oversize; and Photographs. There is also unsorted material. (1824-1984; 4 ft. 9 in.)","Historical Information; 1877-1902; box 19. Contains short biographical sketches of Joseph Moreland and James R. Moreland, as well as a scrapbook and two legal documents related to the history of the Moreland family.","West Virginia University; 1869-1900; box 19. Includes records related to Joseph Moreland's term as a regent of the University (1882-1894), James R. Moreland's service with the University Cadet Corps (1896-1900), WVU's 28th annual commencement (1895-06-12), and other material.","1924 Democratic National Convention; 1924; box 19. Includes ephemera, such as an I.D. card, membership cards, a pass to Coney Island, etc. relating to Ethel Finnicum Moreland's travel to New York City as the West Virginia delegate to the Democratic National Convention.","Ethel Finnicum Moreland; 1901, 1920-1924; box 19. Papers of Ethel Finnicum Moreland, wife of James R. Moreland, including school records and material related to her political activities.","Morgantown African-American History; 1934-3-28; box 19. Includes a newspaper article concerning the death of William Stewart, a Morgantown resident and former slave. Stewart had worked for the Moreland family for nearly two decades. This series also includes an undated photograph of Stewart.","Brown Family Papers; 1824-1891; box 19. Papers of the Brown family of northern (West) Virginia, who were ancestors and relatives of the Morelands. Series contains legal documents and correspondence, including three letters (1854-1856) written from Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania.","Publications; 1860-1981; box 19. Contains pamphlets, programs, handbills, and other publications, including a program for a competition between the Columbian and Monongalian Literary Societies of the Monongalia Academy (1860), a handbill by Joseph Moreland addressed \"To the Voters of Monongalia County\"; (1869), and two copies of the program for the \"Sword Presentation to Captain F.E. Chadwick\" (1899), among other items.","Newspapers and News Clippings; 1875, 1890, 1984; boxes 19 and 22. Contains an issue of The Herald (Kingwood, WV) dated 1875-10-30; an issue of the Weekly Post (Morgantown, WV) dated 1875-11-6; an issue of The New Dominion dated 1890-5-17; a 1984 article about Joseph Moreland written by Earl L. Core; and various news clippings from unidentified sources.","Artifacts; ca. 1830s; box 19. Hair clippings of two Moreland ancestors, with identifications written by James R. Moreland.","Oversize; 1898-1901; box 20. Documents related to James R. Moreland's service with the West Virginia University Cadet Corp as well as his presence at the inauguration of President William McKinley","Photographs; ca. 1850-1980; boxes 21-24. Includes ambrotypes, tintypes, CDVs, card mounted prints, black and white prints, newspaper print blocks, and negatives. Subjects include individual and group portraits of Moreland family members and photographs relating to the professional activities of William A. Moreland, James R. Moreland, Joseph Moreland, and others. The majority of photographs are identified. Items of interest within this series include a hand-painted tintype, a group photograph of West Virginia University cadet officers, including James R. Moreland (ca. 1900), four cased and one uncased ambrotypes, and an engraved steel plate. Two of the ambrotypes are identified; one is labeled \"Aunt Mary McNab\" and the other Sarah Suter.","Unsorted material; ca. 1860-1970; boxes 25-26. Unsorted material contains papers of William Moreland, James R. Moreland, and Joseph Moreland, including genealogical information concerning the Moreland family; typescripts concerning West Virginia history and other subjects; personal and professional correspondence; newspapers and news clippings; and publications.","Addendum of 2014/06/12  papers and artifacts of the Moreland family. (ca. 1824-1950; 12 ft. 11 1/2 in.)","box 27; biography of Joseph Moreland by James Moreland","box 28; wooden stocking stretchers, bed warmer, spectacles (worn by Eleanor Brown Moreland), gravy boat (1824), and 2 Tiffany (steak) knifes","box 29; 2 (handmade) blankets that feature blue and white design","box 30; baby clothes (for William A. Moreland), white garments","box 31; \"Ruth's wedding gown, veil, slip\" (for wedding between Ruth Moreland and William A. Moreland)","box 32; a few photos, marriage license, matches, photo in frame of Ethel F. Moreland (1903), photo of Moreland home (ca. 1900-1910), WWII belt buckle, 2 small books published in Morgantown (1942), and other material","box 33; 3 quilts, 1 identified with creator (\"EBM\" or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 34; 2 WWII military jackets with slacks","box 35; purple dress with sash and hat (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 36; grey dress with belt, lilac dress, black beaded shawl (?), short white lace jacket","box 37; black Victorian dress (?) (EBM? or Eleanor Brown Moreland)","box 38; 2 crayon portraits, 2 photos, prints, WWII scrapbook page","box 39; folded flag (that had been draped over coffin of William A. Moreland)","box 40; genealogy charts of the Moreland family","box 41; folder 1; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland and World War II subjects; ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 2; Newspaper clippings about Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) wrestling and sports (from cigarette tin); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 3; Cigarette tin; undated","box 41; folder 4; West Virginia University Corps of Cadets certificates and military papers (regarding William A. Moreland); ca. 1936-1939","box 41; folder 4; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Programs; 1937","box 41; folder 4; Photographs of students (group portraits); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Photograph of woman, possibly Eleanor \"Nell\" Moreland; undated","box 41; folder 5; Letter from John Laird to Alex Smith and receipts concerning real estate of John Suter, 1819","box 41; folder 5; West Virginia University Commencement program; 1940","box 41; folder 5; National Collegiate Wrestling Championship Program; 1937","box 41; folder 5; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletic letter; undated, ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 5; Honeymoon Isle, Florida postcard, other materials; ca. 1940","box 41; folder 6; Photographs of William A. Moreland, World War II airplanes, other subjects, ca. 1940s","box 41; folder 6; Photograph of Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) sports team (group portrait) including William A. Moreland; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 6; Photographs and negatives of William A. Moreland, including group portrait of sports team","box 41; folder 7; William A. Moreland correspondence related to military reserves service; 1939-1940","box 41; folder 7; Mercersburg Academy (Pennsylvania) athletics program and materials; ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 7; National Collegiate Wrestling Championships Program; 1937","box 41; folder 7; Negative of building; ca. 1930s-1940s","box 41; folder 8; Postcards (12 items; non-West Virginia subjects; includes birthplace of William Jennings Bryan); ca. 1930s","box 41; folder 9; Romeo and Juliet dance card from Dixie Ball (see box 43 for dance card pencils); 1940","box 41; folder 10; \"Morgantown Centennial with Addresses and Papers, 1795-1885\" (book); 1902","box 41; folder 11; \"The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia: With Short Biographical Sketches of its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers and Lay Leaders\" by James R. Moreland (book); 1938","box 42; folders 1-19; World War II era correspondence and letters of William A. Moreland (Includes letters written by William A. Moreland about his wartime service within the United States at Camp Perry, Ohio, Camp Harrison, Indiana, and others. Also includes Moreland's letters during his service in the Philippines, New Guinea, and Japan, mostly written to his wife Ruth. Also includes some letters written by Donald R. Roberts, Moreland's brother-in-law, from his wartime service in North Africa and Europe); 1938-1945","box 42; folder 20; German postcards from Donald R. Roberts (9 items); 1945","box 43; oversized; folder 1; The New Dominion Post, Illustrated Edition newspaper; undated","box 43; oversized; folder 2; Wizard of Oz movie premiere program from Grauman's Chinese Theater; 1939","box 43; oversized; folder 3; Pictorial History of XIV Corps during World War II; undated","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifact, West Virginia Football ribbon; undated","box 43, oversized, unfoldered; Artifact, Mercersburg Academy patch; undated, ca. 1930s","box 43; oversized; unfoldered; Artifacts, Military buttons and insignia, dance card pencils (see box 41, folder 9 for dance card); undated, ca. 1930s-1940s","unboxed; large wooden clothes pin","unboxed; trunk with belts and WWII wooden desk signs inside","Addendum of 2016/07/27; ca. 1890-2008; boxes 44-45","box 44; unfoldered; political campaign materials and other material regarding William A. Moreland, including stickers, matchbooks, clippings, photographs, and artifacts including a WWII dog tag and lapel insignia; 1934-2008, undated","box 45; oversized; unfoldered; drawings of properties, some with oil and gas holdings marked, and housing developments in Monongalia County, as well as rubbings of headstones and notes regarding cemeteries; ca. 1890-1980 Addendum of 2017/05/22; 1933-1970; box 46 \nContains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.\n Addendum of 2017/10/06; 1899-1947; box 47 \nbox 47; unfoldered; scrapbook kept by James Moreland titled \"My Immediate Family\"; 1899-1947\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown\"; 1902\n \nbox 47; unfoldered; William Moreland's copy of \"The Karux\", yearbook of the Mercerburg Academy; 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 1; Photographs previously attached to yearbook; ca. 1934\n \nbox 47; folder 2; Issue of \"The Mercersburg News\"; 1934"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPeriodical:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1921.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHaymond, Henry. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of Dunlap's Creek Academy\u003c/title\u003e. Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook\u003c/title\u003e. Volume XXIII. 1963.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works\u003c/title\u003e. ca. 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, James R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMoreland, Joseph. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMorgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026amp;c\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973\u003c/title\u003e. 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915\u003c/title\u003e. Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWoman's Edition of The New Dominion\u003c/title\u003e. Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books:","\nCallahan, James Morton. History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia. Morgantown, W. Va. [Morgantown Printing and Binding Co.], 1926.","\nLambert, Oscar Doane. West Virginia, Its People and Its Progress, Volume 2, Biographical. Charleston, West Virginia: Historical Record Association, [1958].","\nCallahan, James Morton, History of the Making of Morgantown, West Virginia","\nMorgantown (W. Va.), Committee of Arrangement. The Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Morgantown, 1785-100-1885: With Addresses and Papers. Morgantown, West Virginia: Committee of Arrangements, 1902.","\nWest Virginia University, Public History Option. Morgantown: A Bicentennial History. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society, 1985.","\nPeriodical:","\nWest Virginia Review Magazine, October, 1936.","\nFrom addendum 2011/06/20:","Bulletin No. 3 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . 1921.","Bulletin No. 7 Sons of the Revolution in the State of West Virginia . Parkersburg, West Virginia: The School Printing Company, 1925.","\nHaymond, Henry.  Historical Reference to Prickett's Fort and its Defenders with Incidents of Border Warfare in the Monongahela Valley and Ceremonies at Unveiling of Monument Marking Site of Prickett's Fort, Erected in 1774, including Brief Sketches of Major William Haymond and the ancestors of the Morgan and Prickett Families .","History of Dunlap's Creek Academy . Brownsville, Pennsylvania: Press of the Clipper-Moniter, 1908.","\nLatimer, Ira S., John C. Ludlum, R.C. Tucker, and James C. Welden, editors.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey: Its Accomplishments and Outlook . Volume XXIII. 1963.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . ca. 1940.","\nMoreland, James R.  The Early Cheat Mountain Iron Works . Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongalia Historical Society.","\nMoreland, James R.  The First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, West Virginia with Short Biographical Sketches of Its Pastors, Missionaries, Ministers, and Lay Leaders . Morgantown, West Virginia: First Presbyterian Church of Morgantown, 1938.","\nMoreland, Joseph.  Morgantown, Its Practical Jokes; Its Thrice Told Tales; Legends, Ghost Stories, Exaggerations, Doings and Sayings, Marvelous and Incredible, Its Fun, Wit, Humor, \u0026c . Morgantown, West Virginia: New Dominion Steam Printing House, 1885. [two copies]","West Virginia Antiquities Commission Annual Report 1973 . 1973.","West Virginia Manual of the Legislature Session of 1915 . Charleston, West Virginia: Tribune Printing Co., 1915.","Woman's Edition of The New Dominion . Morgantown, West Virginia: The New Dominion, 1896."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7846d980c65866025c579b1bc50c0857\"\u003ePapers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of a Morgantown lawyer and state legislator. Includes political correspondence of William Moreland addressing issues ranging from abortion to coal mining with a majority of the papers regarding the operation of state bureaucracy and the importance of organized labor in West Virginia. Addendum of 2010/10/29 includes Moreland's World War II (WWII) service records, family genealogy, and family photographs. Addenda of 2011/03/21 and 2011/06/20 include papers of William Moreland, and papers of his father and grandfather, James R. Moreland and Joseph Moreland. Addendum of 2014/06/12 includes some papers and many artifacts. Addendum of 2016/07/27 includes drawings of properties in Monongalia County and political campaign and other material. See \"Scope and Content Note\" for details.  Addendum of 2017/05/22 contains two scrapbooks of clippings documenting Moreland from 1933-1970.  There are additional addenda."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f7ab7139019f40454ac685fdcc64bff9\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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