{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=11","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=10","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=12","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=163"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":11,"next_page":12,"prev_page":10,"total_pages":163,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":100,"total_count":1629,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Clippings","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePress clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"text":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers","Clippings","Box 14","Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings."],"title_filing_ssi":"Clippings","title_ssm":["Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Clippings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1905–1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clippings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"containers_ssim":["Box 14"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePress clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:04:16.472Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4354.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197965","title_ssm":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1893-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354"],"text":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354","Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers","Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","No special access restriction applies.","Margaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" ","Under the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels:  The Poet, Miss Kate , and I  (1905),  The Sowing of Alderson Cree  (1907), and  In Calvert's Valley  (1908).  Linda  (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. ","From 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915.  Closed Doors  (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. ","From 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. ","In  Deep Channel  (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in  Up Eel River  (1928). ","While the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955.","In September 2018, A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows: \nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection.","582, 1110, 1348, 2218","Correspondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.","Includes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.","Correspondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.","Correspondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.","Correspondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.","Also includes publishers correspondence.","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Some of these letters were written while on her European tour.","Includes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.","Mostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include: \n  \"Altars of Earth\" \n  \"At the Fall of the Year\" \n  \"The Baby Angel\" \n  \"The Battlefield\" \n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\" \n  \"Big Music\" \n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page) \n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\" \n  \"Cock Crow\" \n  \"Concerning the Mystery\" \n  \"The Dark Tower\" \n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\" \n  \"The First Breakfast \" \n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\" \n  \"A Good Bargain\" \n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\" \n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\" \n  \"The Kiss at Large\" \n  \"The Last Tenth\" \n  \"The Lucky Lady\" \n  \"North Plays South\" \n  \"Portrait of a Saint\" \n  \"Pretty Gal\" \n  \"The Squirt Gun\" \n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\" \n  \"The Third Rail\" \n  \"To the Unknown People\" \n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\" \n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\" \n  \"Visitors from the Air\" \n  \"The Ways of Providence\" \n  \"What Trouble Is\" \n  \"The Word\" \n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"","Mostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes: \n   Acquiring a Social Conscience \n   At the Long Last \n   Baby and the Steam Shovel \n   Blue Birds for the Blind \n   Christians and Criminals \n   The Closing of the Doors \n   The Danger in Gardens \n   Deliverance  \n   A Dinner of Herbs \n   Do They Bite You \n   Dog's Eye View \n   The Doll-Baby Dresses \n   A Farewell and a Message \n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary \n   The Game \n   The Girl and the Mountains \n   God and a Few Souls \n   The Great Awakener \n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching \n   The Hidden Flame \n   Home to Him's Muvver \n   The Hungry House \n   John Bull at His Window \n   Lee's Old Gray Nag \n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God \n   Lion-In-The-Conversation \n   The Night After Christmas \n   An Offering of Worship \n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States \n   Papa in Soap  \n   Pictures of Englishman \n   Pioneers of Silence \n   In Praise of Machines \n   Prayer for the World \n   The Rally For Death \n   Shingles from an Old Roof \n   Sister Water \n   Squints \n   Some Lesser Loves \n   Tangier \n   Thoughts \n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure \n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor \n   To the Women of America \n   A Tribute of Praise \n   Waifie \n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour \n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off \n   The Women's Moment","Typescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"","Includes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.","Mostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026M 1152.","Two typescripts of unpublished novel,  The Answer,  (also called  Life and Hands ?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including: \n The Answer Is… \n Beauty of the Earth \n Belief in Billy \n Brains, Brawn, and Something More \n Catching Stride with One's Self \n The Christmas Gift \n Closed Doors \n Danger in Gardens \n The Dogwood Road \n The Door Keeper \n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question \n Ecstasy \n Education for Life \n The Engagement  \n Fiction and New York \n Fire \n For Age on Age  \n For France \n The Forgiveness of Sins \n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories \n The Gift  \n The Gift of Herself \n A Good Bedside Manner \n Great Adventure \n Hidden Portals \n The Hound of Heaven \n I Must Confess \n The Impending Fate \n The Inexorable Master \n The Intoxication of Danger \n The King's Letter \n The Lady Agriculturist \n Leaves From a Secrete Journal \n Let's Save the World \n The Little Comrade \n Looking at Life \n The Lost Love \n Loving His Brother \n The Millions Inherit Kitty \n A Million Little Colorless Women \n The Negro Sense of Humor \n O Muse! \n O Theophilus \n On Brick Walls \n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation \n On Flowers \n On Saying Sara \n On Voyages of Discovery \n Once I Was A Water Lilly \n Out Burst \n The Old Man of the Sea \n The Other Truth \n The Pulse of the World \n Salvation for the Magazines \n The Seeing Eye \n Studies on Loneliness  \n Temper or Temperature \n This is the Day \n The Three Swords \n Thus Spake Zarathustra \n To Miss Mary Jefferies \n To Recommend Edward Imagination \n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?] \n Understanding Algernon \n The Unexpectedness of God \n Up Eel River \n The Victoria \n A Travel Story \n Wings of the Morning \n White Hollyhock","Includes outlines and plots for the following novels: \nA Call for Volunteers \nThe Alabaster Box \nThe Builder \nThe Curse \nMoney","Includes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays: \nElizabeth \nHome \nThe Spell","Includes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.","Includes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more:  \n  Box 10.  \n   Diary, 1906, 1927 \n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe) \n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication) \n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake) \n   Diary, 1929-1933 \n   Diary, Meditation, 1929 \n   Guidance record, 1929 \n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944 \n   Diary, 1936-1940 \n  Box 11: \n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\") \n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences) \n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations) \n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots) \n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts) \n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations) \n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind) \n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters) \n   Notes for lectures, 1927 \n  Box 17: \n   Diary with notes on flowers \n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes \n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026M 1169) \n   Notebook, undated \n   Notebook, undated \n   Miscellaneous Notes","Includes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)","Includes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.","Includes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"","Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1110","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"creators_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Poets and poetry.","Religion. SEE ALSO Churches.","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.5 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 5 3/4 in. (14 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["6.5 Linear Feet Summary: 6 ft. 5 3/4 in. (14 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels: \u003ctitle\u003eThe Poet, Miss Kate , and I\u003c/title\u003e (1905), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Sowing of Alderson Cree\u003c/title\u003e (1907), and \u003ctitle\u003eIn Calvert's Valley\u003c/title\u003e (1908). \u003ctitle\u003eLinda\u003c/title\u003e (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915. \u003ctitle\u003eClosed Doors\u003c/title\u003e (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ctitle\u003eDeep Channel\u003c/title\u003e (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in \u003ctitle\u003eUp Eel River\u003c/title\u003e (1928). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Prescott Montague was born on November 28, 1878 at \"Oakhurst,\" the Montague homestead near White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Of New England parentages, she inherited the cultural milieu of the Back Bay as well as that of the West Virginia highlands. Her early education was undertaken by her parents; in her middle teens she was attending Miss Gussie Daniel's school in Richmond, Virginia. It was Miss Gussie, according to Miss Montague, who \"discovered my small ability.\" ","Under the influence of the local colorists, Miss Montague turned to the mountain folk of West Virginia for her early novels:  The Poet, Miss Kate , and I  (1905),  The Sowing of Alderson Cree  (1907), and  In Calvert's Valley  (1908).  Linda  (1912), showed a trend away from the earlier folk literature, oscillating as the novel did between the Back Bay and the back woods. ","From 1909 on Miss Montague was subject to \"severe physical afflictions\" that left her partially blind and deaf for the rest of her career. Always an intensely religious person, she now sought to find self-realization and truth in Christian mysticism and a philosophy of ennoblement through suffering. These themes marked much of her work after 1915.  Closed Doors  (1915) was a study of handicapped children at the West Virginia School of the Deaf and Blind. In \"The Lucky Lady\" (1933) Miss Montague asserted that man was still master of his fate and also his handicaps. She recorded her mystical experiences in such articles as \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" (1916) and \"Leaves from a Secret Journal'' (1926) written under the nome de plume of Jane Steger. ","From 1915 she turned more and more to the shorter forms of prose, the short story and essay. She wrote a series of wartime stories, and won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for \"England to America\" which has become an American classic. Her passionate interest in politics, absent in most of her writings, was the moving force of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge\" (1920), a plea for ratification of the League Covenant. The story was made into a film and became an issue in the presidential election of 1920. ","In  Deep Channel  (1923), her last full length novel, Miss Montague returned to the locale of her earlier novels, yet the book was a more skillful and sophisticated work, closely tied to the new literature of the 1920s and, in the words of Professor Stuart P. Sherman, \"animated by the passion for self-realization.\" In a lighter vein were the legendary exploits of Tony Beaver, the Paul Bunyan of West Virginia, which Miss Montague published as a collection of short stories in  Up Eel River  (1928). ","While the author continued writing short stories, essays, poetry, and completed a long unpublished novel in the 1930s, her didactic writings had been part of a world less harsh and irrational than that the United States of the depression decade. Her works now belong to a passing era. Nevertheless, she was active with her pen almost until the time of her death in Richmond, Virginia on September 26, 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1110, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Prescott Montague, Author, Papers, A\u0026M 1110, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn September 2018, A\u0026amp;M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026amp;M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026amp;M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In September 2018, A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 were formally merged into this collection. The former custodian of this collection had donated A\u0026M 1152 and 1169 the year following the donation of A\u0026M 1110, likely with the intention of adding them to the first collection. Previous processors had already interfiled 1152 and 1169 into this collection and described the three collections as one. When reprocessing this collection, we tried to maintain the original intellectual arrangement as best we could. The note from the original paper finding aid is as follows: \nThe Montague papers were presented to the West Virginia Collection by the author's brother, the Reverend Cary Montague of Richmond, Virginia. Miss Ellen Lee Ball had custody of the papers from 1955 to 1958 and spent much time and effort in arranging and annotating the collection. Further processing and cataloging has been done by the staff of the West Virginia Collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e582, 1110, 1348, 2218\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["582, 1110, 1348, 2218"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes publishers correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. E. A. Alderman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Antin\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIrving Bacheller\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBernard M. Baruch\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGamaliel Bradford\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMilledge L. Bonham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGlenn Clark\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick Perry Fish\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nM.A. DeWolfe Howe\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBasil King\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Johnson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRufus M. Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHoward M. Gore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGardiner Martin Lane \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nVachel Lindsay \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEdward W. Osborne \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Dreier Robins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLaura E. Richards \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nStuart Pratt Sherman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJoseph P. Tumulty \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Southall Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWoodrow Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSimon Wolf \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Elwood Worcester \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOwen D. Young \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSir. Francis Younghusband\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. E. A. Alderman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Antin\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nIrving Bacheller\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBernard M. Baruch\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGamaliel Bradford\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMilledge L. Bonham\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGlenn Clark\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFrederick Perry Fish\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nM.A. DeWolfe Howe\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBasil King\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMary Johnson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRufus M. Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHoward M. Gore\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nGardiner Martin Lane \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nVachel Lindsay \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nEdward W. Osborne \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMargaret Dreier Robins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLaura E. Richards \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nStuart Pratt Sherman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJoseph P. Tumulty \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Southall Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWoodrow Wilson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSimon Wolf \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nDr. Elwood Worcester \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOwen D. Young \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSir. Francis Younghusband\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these letters were written while on her European tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Altars of Earth\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"At the Fall of the Year\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Baby Angel\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Battlefield\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Big Music\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Cock Crow\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Concerning the Mystery\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Dark Tower\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The First Breakfast \"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"A Good Bargain\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Kiss at Large\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Last Tenth\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Lucky Lady\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"North Plays South\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Portrait of a Saint\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Pretty Gal\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Squirt Gun\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Third Rail\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"To the Unknown People\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"Visitors from the Air\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Ways of Providence\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"What Trouble Is\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"The Word\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Acquiring a Social Conscience\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   At the Long Last\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Baby and the Steam Shovel\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Blue Birds for the Blind\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Christians and Criminals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Closing of the Doors\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Danger in Gardens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Deliverance \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Dinner of Herbs\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Do They Bite You\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Dog's Eye View\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Doll-Baby Dresses\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Farewell and a Message\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Game\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Girl and the Mountains\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   God and a Few Souls\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Great Awakener\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Hidden Flame\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Home to Him's Muvver\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Hungry House\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   John Bull at His Window\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Lee's Old Gray Nag\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Lion-In-The-Conversation\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Night After Christmas\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   An Offering of Worship\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Papa in Soap \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Pictures of Englishman\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Pioneers of Silence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   In Praise of Machines\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Prayer for the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Rally For Death\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Shingles from an Old Roof\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Sister Water\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Squints\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Some Lesser Loves\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Tangier\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Thoughts\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   To the Women of America\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   A Tribute of Praise\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Waifie\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   The Women's Moment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026amp;M 1152.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo typescripts of unpublished novel, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Answer,\u003c/title\u003e (also called \u003ctitle\u003eLife and Hands\u003c/title\u003e?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Answer Is…\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Beauty of the Earth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Belief in Billy\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Brains, Brawn, and Something More\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Catching Stride with One's Self\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Christmas Gift\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Closed Doors\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Danger in Gardens\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Dogwood Road\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Door Keeper\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Ecstasy\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Education for Life\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Engagement \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Fiction and New York\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Fire\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n For Age on Age \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n For France\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Forgiveness of Sins\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gift \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Gift of Herself\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Good Bedside Manner\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Great Adventure\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Hidden Portals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Hound of Heaven\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n I Must Confess\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Impending Fate\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Inexorable Master\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Intoxication of Danger\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The King's Letter\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Lady Agriculturist\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Leaves From a Secrete Journal\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Let's Save the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Little Comrade\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Looking at Life\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Lost Love\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Loving His Brother\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Millions Inherit Kitty\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Million Little Colorless Women\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Negro Sense of Humor\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n O Muse!\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n O Theophilus\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Brick Walls\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Flowers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Saying Sara\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n On Voyages of Discovery\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Once I Was A Water Lilly\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Out Burst\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Old Man of the Sea\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Other Truth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Pulse of the World\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Salvation for the Magazines\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Seeing Eye\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Studies on Loneliness \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Temper or Temperature\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n This is the Day\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Three Swords\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Thus Spake Zarathustra\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n To Miss Mary Jefferies\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n To Recommend Edward Imagination\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?]\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Understanding Algernon\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Unexpectedness of God\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Up Eel River\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n The Victoria\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n A Travel Story\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Wings of the Morning\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n White Hollyhock\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines and plots for the following novels:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA Call for Volunteers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Alabaster Box\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Builder\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Curse\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMoney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nElizabeth\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHome\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThe Spell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 10. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1906, 1927\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1929-1933\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, Meditation, 1929\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Guidance record, 1929\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1936-1940\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 11:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\")\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notes for lectures, 1927\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n  Box 17:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Diary with notes on flowers\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026amp;M 1169)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Notebook, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n   Miscellaneous Notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, manuscripts, notes and notebooks, diaries, press clippings, photographs, and printed material of a West Virginia essayist, short-story writer, poet and novelist, who won the first O. Henry Memorial Prize in 1919 for her short story, \"England to America.\" The papers include correspondence from editors, publishers, agents and critics; readers' correspondence; family letters; manuscripts of short stories and other works; outlines, plots, and drafts; and diaries and notebooks primarily concerned with religious meditation, Christian mysticism, and Miss Montague's concept of human ennoblement through suffering. Correspondents include Bernard Baruch, Russell Doubleday, Howard M. Gore, M.A. DeWolfe Howe, Vachel Lindsay, Christopher Morley, Philip Van Doren Stern, Joseph P. Tumulty, and Woodrow Wilson.","Includes correspondence from editors, publishers, agents, and critics; readers; general correspondence; and correspondence from Montague herself.","Correspondents include Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, American Foundation for the Blind, The American Red Cross, Mary Asquith, Atlantic Monthly.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include Baker and Taylor Company; Katharine N. Birdsall; Brentano's; Charles Wakefield Cadman; Frederich H. Chase; Christian Observer; Robert Collier, Inc.; Crowell Publishing Company; Daniels Studios; A. Mervyn Davies; Doubleday, Doran and Company; Doubleday, Page and Company; E.P. Dutton and Company; The Exposition Press.","Correspondents include The Form; Goldwin Pictures Corporation; Harper and Brothers; Harper's Bazaar; Harper's Magazine; Houghton Mifflin Company; Jefferson Jones; The Ladies Home Journal. Christopher Morley; Liberty; Library of Congress; Little, Brown Company; C.R. Maculey Photoplays, Inc.; The MacMillian Company; Frank A. Munsey Company.","Correspondents include National Broadcasting Company; The North American Review; The Outlook Company. Lawrence F. Abbott; Felix Orman; Paget Literary Agency; Pocket Books, Inc.; Board of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church, USA; Reader's Digest; Charles I. Reid; Paul R. Reynolds; Saturday Review of Literature. Henry S. Canby; Robert Haven Schauffler; Henry Staton; The Steck Company; Service for Authors, Inc.; The Trend; Toronto Star Weekly; The Volta Review; Walt Disney Productions, Lts.; The Yale Review. Henry S. Canby; The West Virginia Review.","Correspondents include Oscar Cargill, Edgar White Burrell, Russell Doubleday, Meredith Page, Ellery Sedgwick, Philip Van Doren Stern.","Also includes publishers correspondence.","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Correspondents include \nDr. E. A. Alderman \nMary Antin \nIrving Bacheller \nBernard M. Baruch \nGamaliel Bradford \nMilledge L. Bonham \nGlenn Clark \nFrederick Perry Fish \nM.A. DeWolfe Howe \nBasil King \nMary Johnson \nRufus M. Jones \nHoward M. Gore \nGardiner Martin Lane  \nVachel Lindsay  \nEdward W. Osborne  \nMargaret Dreier Robins  \nLaura E. Richards  \nStuart Pratt Sherman  \nJoseph P. Tumulty  \nJames Southall Wilson  \nWoodrow Wilson  \nSimon Wolf  \nDr. Elwood Worcester  \nOwen D. Young  \nSir. Francis Younghusband","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Many of the letters are written to family. This folder was originally part of A\u0026M 1152.","Some of these letters were written while on her European tour.","Includes drafts (typescripts and manuscripts), published works, and various notes. Works include short stories, articles, essays, plays, poetry, and a novel. Also includes a few folders of publications by other people that Montague may have used for inspiration.","Mostly typescripts of short stories, some with annotations.  Stories include: \n  \"Altars of Earth\" \n  \"At the Fall of the Year\" \n  \"The Baby Angel\" \n  \"The Battlefield\" \n  \"The Benefit of the Doubt\" \n  \"Big Music\" \n  \"Blue Silk and Gingham Apron\" (1st page) \n  \"The Cloak of Dreams\" \n  \"Cock Crow\" \n  \"Concerning the Mystery\" \n  \"The Dark Tower\" \n  \"Fine Growing Weather\" and \"Nice Growin Weather\" \n  \"The First Breakfast \" \n  \"In the Grip of John Hamilton\" \n  \"A Good Bargain\" \n  \"Grand Rough Old Martin Luther\" \n  \"The Great Sleep Tanks\" \n  \"The Kiss at Large\" \n  \"The Last Tenth\" \n  \"The Lucky Lady\" \n  \"North Plays South\" \n  \"Portrait of a Saint\" \n  \"Pretty Gal\" \n  \"The Squirt Gun\" \n  \"The Storm in the Mountains\" \n  \"The Third Rail\" \n  \"To the Unknown People\" \n  \"The Troubles of Tipsy Turpentine\" \n  \"Victory of Dorothy Ellis\" \n  \"Visitors from the Air\" \n  \"The Ways of Providence\" \n  \"What Trouble Is\" \n  \"The Word\" \n  \"A Yard of Nonsense\"","Mostly typescript drafts of articles and other prose writings, some with annotations. Includes: \n   Acquiring a Social Conscience \n   At the Long Last \n   Baby and the Steam Shovel \n   Blue Birds for the Blind \n   Christians and Criminals \n   The Closing of the Doors \n   The Danger in Gardens \n   Deliverance  \n   A Dinner of Herbs \n   Do They Bite You \n   Dog's Eye View \n   The Doll-Baby Dresses \n   A Farewell and a Message \n   A Fugitive Seeks Sanctuary \n   The Game \n   The Girl and the Mountains \n   God and a Few Souls \n   The Great Awakener \n   The Ground of Thy Beseeching \n   The Hidden Flame \n   Home to Him's Muvver \n   The Hungry House \n   John Bull at His Window \n   Lee's Old Gray Nag \n   Let the People Praise Thee, O God \n   Lion-In-The-Conversation \n   The Night After Christmas \n   An Offering of Worship \n   An Open Letter to All the School Children in the United States \n   Papa in Soap  \n   Pictures of Englishman \n   Pioneers of Silence \n   In Praise of Machines \n   Prayer for the World \n   The Rally For Death \n   Shingles from an Old Roof \n   Sister Water \n   Squints \n   Some Lesser Loves \n   Tangier \n   Thoughts \n   Time for Immemorial to Seek the Rest Cure \n   Time Dispatch (Richmond), Letter to the Editor \n   To the Women of America \n   A Tribute of Praise \n   Waifie \n   When Gold May Lose its Glamour \n   When Nature Takes the Lid Off \n   The Women's Moment","Typescript drafts of \"The Spell,\" \"For the Fighting Men,\" and \"Gold\"","Includes a variety of notes and drafts of poetry.","Mostly typescripts, some with annotations. One folder contains material that may have originally been part of A\u0026M 1152.","Two typescripts of unpublished novel,  The Answer,  (also called  Life and Hands ?) with publishers critiques and rejection notices.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, novels, plays, and miscellaneous works.","Includes outlines, plots, and drafts of short stories and essays, including: \n The Answer Is… \n Beauty of the Earth \n Belief in Billy \n Brains, Brawn, and Something More \n Catching Stride with One's Self \n The Christmas Gift \n Closed Doors \n Danger in Gardens \n The Dogwood Road \n The Door Keeper \n Drifts of Opinion on the Colour Question \n Ecstasy \n Education for Life \n The Engagement  \n Fiction and New York \n Fire \n For Age on Age  \n For France \n The Forgiveness of Sins \n The Gate of Life and other Ann Eversole stories \n The Gift  \n The Gift of Herself \n A Good Bedside Manner \n Great Adventure \n Hidden Portals \n The Hound of Heaven \n I Must Confess \n The Impending Fate \n The Inexorable Master \n The Intoxication of Danger \n The King's Letter \n The Lady Agriculturist \n Leaves From a Secrete Journal \n Let's Save the World \n The Little Comrade \n Looking at Life \n The Lost Love \n Loving His Brother \n The Millions Inherit Kitty \n A Million Little Colorless Women \n The Negro Sense of Humor \n O Muse! \n O Theophilus \n On Brick Walls \n On the Lack of Fairness in the American Nation \n On Flowers \n On Saying Sara \n On Voyages of Discovery \n Once I Was A Water Lilly \n Out Burst \n The Old Man of the Sea \n The Other Truth \n The Pulse of the World \n Salvation for the Magazines \n The Seeing Eye \n Studies on Loneliness  \n Temper or Temperature \n This is the Day \n The Three Swords \n Thus Spake Zarathustra \n To Miss Mary Jefferies \n To Recommend Edward Imagination \n The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew [Twenty Minutes of Reality?] \n Understanding Algernon \n The Unexpectedness of God \n Up Eel River \n The Victoria \n A Travel Story \n Wings of the Morning \n White Hollyhock","Includes outlines and plots for the following novels: \nA Call for Volunteers \nThe Alabaster Box \nThe Builder \nThe Curse \nMoney","Includes outlines, notes, and drafts for the following plays: \nElizabeth \nHome \nThe Spell","Includes notes, plots, etc. on unidentified works as well as notes on writing.","Includes diaries and notebooks, which include religious meditations and observations, drafts of works and notes about her work, correspondence, and more:  \n  Box 10.  \n   Diary, 1906, 1927 \n   Diary, 1907 (account of a trip to Europe) \n   Diary, 1917, 1925-1927 (record of personal income, charities, household accounts, writing and manuscripts submitted for publication) \n   Diary, Etc., 1927, 1928, 1929, 1942 (also portions of a play, Awake) \n   Diary, 1929-1933 \n   Diary, Meditation, 1929 \n   Guidance record, 1929 \n   Diary, 1935-1938, 1944 \n   Diary, 1936-1940 \n  Box 11: \n   Diary, A Tapestry of Thought, 1908-1912, 1915-1925 (portions published as \"Leaves from a Secrete Journal\") \n   Diary, A Book of Pleasant Things, 1947-1948 (essays and reminiscences) \n   Diary, 1910-1915 (manuscripts sent to publishers), 1927 (religious meditations) \n   Notebook, 1908 (notes and plots) \n   Notebook, undated (notes, plots, and accounts) \n   Notebook, undated (Biblical and religious quotations) \n   Notebook undated (notes on the blind) \n   Note pads, 2 vols (notes, poetry and letters) \n   Notes for lectures, 1927 \n  Box 17: \n   Diary with notes on flowers \n   \"Diary\" of verse and miscellaneous notes \n   Booklet, \"A Happy New Year\" (originally from A\u0026M 1169) \n   Notebook, undated \n   Notebook, undated \n   Miscellaneous Notes","Includes essays, notes, and outlines on handicaps, death, fear, nerves, the philosophy of suffering, and Montague's attitude toward suffering.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc., materials advertising Montague's works, and inspirational publications.","Includes published articles, poetry, short stories, etc. appearing in newspapers, journals, magazines, etc., as well as material advertising \"The Lucky Lady,\" \"Up Eel River,\" \"Deep Channel,\" and the film version of \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge.\" Also includes the short version of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" along with a complete but unbound copy of the book version. (A second, incomplete unbound copy of \"Twenty Minutes of Reality\" will be housed with the Rare Book Librarian for use as a teaching tool.)","Includes pamphlets, booklets, etc. mostly on religious and psychological subjects.","Includes oversize clippings from magazines and newspapers that contain published works. Also includes sheet music for \"The Christmas Street\"","Press clippings (mostly from newspapers) and biographical information. Includes two clipping scrapbooks, for \"The Poet, Miss Kate, and I\" and \"In Calvert's Valley.\" Also includes folders of clippings for \"Uncle Sam of Freedom Ridge,\" \"Closed Doors,\" \"Deep Channel,\" \"England to America,\" \"Home to Him's Muvver,\" \"Linda,\" \"Twenty Minutes of Reality,\" and \"Up Eel River\" as well as miscellaneous clippings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8b42e6de2210918dc1ac2b4ded264e77\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"persname_ssim":["Montague, Margaret Prescott, 1878-1955","Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965","Doubleday, Russell, 1872-1949","Gore, Howard M.","Howe, M. A. De Wolfe (Mark Antony De Wolfe), 1864-1960","Lindsay, Vachel, 1879-1931","Morley, Christopher, 1890-1957","Stern, Philip Van Doren, 1900-1984","Tumulty, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1879-1954","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:04:16.472Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4354_c03"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Coal Mines and Mining","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"text":["Appalachian Prints Collection","Coal Mines and Mining","Box 1","Folder 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"Coal Mines and Mining","title_ssm":["Coal Mines and Mining"],"title_tesim":["Coal Mines and Mining"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869, 1970, and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1869/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Coal Mines and Mining"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":35,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","Folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:08.391Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6940.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/216531","title_ssm":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"title_tesim":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859-1909","1839-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1859-1909"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4554","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6940"],"text":["A\u0026M 4554","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6940","Appalachian Prints Collection","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Pictorial works","West Virginia","Appalachian Region -- History","No special access restriction applies.","The material in this collection was arranged into series by the Center long before it was made into an A\u0026M collection. For ease of use, we have retained the original series.","A\u0026M 169, 754, 1064, and 1954.","This collection includes prints pertaining to West Virginia and the surrounding area. Many have been taken out of publications. Subjects include the U.S. Civil War; various WV cities, landscapes, and geographical features; and various local industries.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4554","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Appalachian Prints Collection"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Pictorial works","West Virginia","Appalachian Region -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Pictorial works","West Virginia","Appalachian Region -- History"],"creator_ssm":["West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssim":["West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Pictorial works","West Virginia","Appalachian Region -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.18 Linear Feet 2.175 in. (2 flat storage boxes, 1 in. each; 1 oversized folder, 0.175 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.18 Linear Feet 2.175 in. (2 flat storage boxes, 1 in. each; 1 oversized folder, 0.175 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material in this collection was arranged into series by the Center long before it was made into an A\u0026amp;M collection. For ease of use, we have retained the original series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material in this collection was arranged into series by the Center long before it was made into an A\u0026M collection. For ease of use, we have retained the original series."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Appalachian Prints Collection, A\u0026amp;M 4554, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Appalachian Prints Collection, A\u0026M 4554, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 169, 754, 1064, and 1954.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A\u0026M 169, 754, 1064, and 1954."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes prints pertaining to West Virginia and the surrounding area. Many have been taken out of publications. Subjects include the U.S. Civil War; various WV cities, landscapes, and geographical features; and various local industries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes prints pertaining to West Virginia and the surrounding area. Many have been taken out of publications. Subjects include the U.S. Civil War; various WV cities, landscapes, and geographical features; and various local industries."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_393d55434e9b839c467c0cb14b14a1ea\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. Libraries. West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":275,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:08.391Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6940_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Colette","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_816"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_816"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"text":["Fernande Gontier papers","Colette","box 3","box 4","box 5","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Colette","title_ssm":["Colette"],"title_tesim":["Colette"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Colette"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":90,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":94,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is stored offsite.  Please allow 3 business days for delivery to the Small Library reading room."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"containers_ssim":["box 3","box 4","box 5","box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_816","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_816.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/724","title_filing_ssi":"Gontier, Fernande, papers","title_ssm":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"title_tesim":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16416","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/816"],"text":["MSS 16416","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/816","Fernande Gontier papers","cookbook","letters (correspondence)","Collection is stored offsite.  Please allow 3 business days for delivery to the Small Library reading room.","Dates and items pre-1970s reflect the initial publication dates of photocopies in the collection. These historical documents, like the Icarian periodicals and Simone de Beauvoir letters, are not originals.","Series 1. Simone de Beauvoir, 1943-1989 (1.75 cubic feet). This series primarily contains photocopies Gontier made of publications by and about Simone de Beauvoir.","Series 2. Colette, 1866-2009 (3.25 cubic feet). This series contains manuscripts of Gontier's scholarship on Colette, photocopies of research materials, press coverage of Gontier and Claude Francis's biography of Colette, and the authors' correspondence with editors and publishers.","Series 3. Etienne Cabet, 1787-2001 (1.4 cubic feet). This series contains research notes on Etienne Cabet and his Icarian colony as well as photocopies of relevant research material.","Series 4. Mathilde de Morny, 1990-2000 (1 cubic foot). This series primarily contains drafts and manuscripts of Gontier's book on Mathilde de Morny, as well as photocopies of research material and publisher correspondence.","Series 5. Cookbooks, 1970-1985 (0.5 cubic foot). This series contains manuscripts and loose recipes for Gontier's book of honey recipes and a planned, unpublished successor focusing on vinegar.","Series 6. Madame D'Aulnoy, 1988-2005 (0.7 cubic foot). This series contains drafts of and research notes on Gontier's work on Madame D'Aulnoy.","Dr. Fernande Gontier is a scholar who received her PhD in French from the University of Virginia in 1973. Her dissertation was titled \"Les Images de la Femme Dans le Roman Français de L'entre-Deux-Guerres\". Since then, she has published numberous works--many in collaboration with Claude Francis--on French literary figures including Colette and Simone de Beauvoir.","Source: Materials within the collection; University of Virginia.","The Fernande Gontier papers (1787-2005; 8.6 cubic feet) document Dr. Gontier's scholarship on Simone de Beauvoir; Colette; Etienne Cabet and his followers in Nauvoo, Illinois; Mathilde de Morny; and Comtesse Marie-Catherine d'Aulnoy. The collection includes manuscript drafts, research files, correspondence, and books representing Dr. Gontier's work. Materials also include manuscripts for cookbooks co-written by Dr. Gontier.  The papers are arranged into six series.","Books in the collection were transferred to the Rare Books division for cataloging.","The collection is open for research use.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gontier, Fernande","Cabet, Étienne, 1788-1856","Beauvoir, Simone de, 1908-1986","Colette, 1873-1954","Morny, Mathilde de, 1862-1944","Materials are primarily in French, though a substantial minority of papers are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16416","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/816"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"collection_ssim":["Fernande Gontier papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Gontier, Fernande"],"creator_ssim":["Gontier, Fernande"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gontier, Fernande"],"creators_ssim":["Gontier, Fernande"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is open for research use."],"access_subjects_ssim":["cookbook","letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["cookbook","letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.6 Cubic Feet 7 cubic foot boxes, 1 document box (letter), 1 document box (legal), 2 half-width document boxes (legal), 1 half-width document box (letter)"],"extent_tesim":["8.6 Cubic Feet 7 cubic foot boxes, 1 document box (letter), 1 document box (legal), 2 half-width document boxes (legal), 1 half-width document box (letter)"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is stored offsite.  Please allow 3 business days for delivery to the Small Library reading room.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is stored offsite.  Please allow 3 business days for delivery to the Small Library reading room."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDates and items pre-1970s reflect the initial publication dates of photocopies in the collection. These historical documents, like the Icarian periodicals and Simone de Beauvoir letters, are not originals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Dates and items pre-1970s reflect the initial publication dates of photocopies in the collection. These historical documents, like the Icarian periodicals and Simone de Beauvoir letters, are not originals."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Simone de Beauvoir, 1943-1989 (1.75 cubic feet). This series primarily contains photocopies Gontier made of publications by and about Simone de Beauvoir.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Colette, 1866-2009 (3.25 cubic feet). This series contains manuscripts of Gontier's scholarship on Colette, photocopies of research materials, press coverage of Gontier and Claude Francis's biography of Colette, and the authors' correspondence with editors and publishers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3. Etienne Cabet, 1787-2001 (1.4 cubic feet). This series contains research notes on Etienne Cabet and his Icarian colony as well as photocopies of relevant research material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Mathilde de Morny, 1990-2000 (1 cubic foot). This series primarily contains drafts and manuscripts of Gontier's book on Mathilde de Morny, as well as photocopies of research material and publisher correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Cookbooks, 1970-1985 (0.5 cubic foot). This series contains manuscripts and loose recipes for Gontier's book of honey recipes and a planned, unpublished successor focusing on vinegar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6. Madame D'Aulnoy, 1988-2005 (0.7 cubic foot). This series contains drafts of and research notes on Gontier's work on Madame D'Aulnoy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1. Simone de Beauvoir, 1943-1989 (1.75 cubic feet). This series primarily contains photocopies Gontier made of publications by and about Simone de Beauvoir.","Series 2. Colette, 1866-2009 (3.25 cubic feet). This series contains manuscripts of Gontier's scholarship on Colette, photocopies of research materials, press coverage of Gontier and Claude Francis's biography of Colette, and the authors' correspondence with editors and publishers.","Series 3. Etienne Cabet, 1787-2001 (1.4 cubic feet). This series contains research notes on Etienne Cabet and his Icarian colony as well as photocopies of relevant research material.","Series 4. Mathilde de Morny, 1990-2000 (1 cubic foot). This series primarily contains drafts and manuscripts of Gontier's book on Mathilde de Morny, as well as photocopies of research material and publisher correspondence.","Series 5. Cookbooks, 1970-1985 (0.5 cubic foot). This series contains manuscripts and loose recipes for Gontier's book of honey recipes and a planned, unpublished successor focusing on vinegar.","Series 6. Madame D'Aulnoy, 1988-2005 (0.7 cubic foot). This series contains drafts of and research notes on Gontier's work on Madame D'Aulnoy."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Fernande Gontier is a scholar who received her PhD in French from the University of Virginia in 1973. Her dissertation was titled \"Les Images de la Femme Dans le Roman Français de L'entre-Deux-Guerres\". Since then, she has published numberous works--many in collaboration with Claude Francis--on French literary figures including Colette and Simone de Beauvoir.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: Materials within the collection; University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Fernande Gontier is a scholar who received her PhD in French from the University of Virginia in 1973. Her dissertation was titled \"Les Images de la Femme Dans le Roman Français de L'entre-Deux-Guerres\". Since then, she has published numberous works--many in collaboration with Claude Francis--on French literary figures including Colette and Simone de Beauvoir.","Source: Materials within the collection; University of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16416, Fernande Gontier papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16416, Fernande Gontier papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Fernande Gontier papers (1787-2005; 8.6 cubic feet) document Dr. Gontier's scholarship on Simone de Beauvoir; Colette; Etienne Cabet and his followers in Nauvoo, Illinois; Mathilde de Morny; and Comtesse Marie-Catherine d'Aulnoy. The collection includes manuscript drafts, research files, correspondence, and books representing Dr. Gontier's work. Materials also include manuscripts for cookbooks co-written by Dr. Gontier.  The papers are arranged into six series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Fernande Gontier papers (1787-2005; 8.6 cubic feet) document Dr. Gontier's scholarship on Simone de Beauvoir; Colette; Etienne Cabet and his followers in Nauvoo, Illinois; Mathilde de Morny; and Comtesse Marie-Catherine d'Aulnoy. The collection includes manuscript drafts, research files, correspondence, and books representing Dr. Gontier's work. Materials also include manuscripts for cookbooks co-written by Dr. Gontier.  The papers are arranged into six series."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks in the collection were transferred to the Rare Books division for cataloging.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books in the collection were transferred to the Rare Books division for cataloging."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Gontier, Fernande","Cabet, Étienne, 1788-1856","Beauvoir, Simone de, 1908-1986","Colette, 1873-1954","Morny, Mathilde de, 1862-1944"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabet, Étienne, 1788-1856","Beauvoir, Simone de, 1908-1986","Colette, 1873-1954","Morny, Mathilde de, 1862-1944"],"persname_ssim":["Gontier, Fernande","Cabet, Étienne, 1788-1856","Beauvoir, Simone de, 1908-1986","Colette, 1873-1954","Morny, Mathilde de, 1862-1944"],"language_ssim":["Materials are primarily in French, though a substantial minority of papers are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":328,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_816_c02"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Collectables-Coins and Currency","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"text":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Collectables-Coins and Currency","English","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Collectables-Coins and Currency","title_ssm":["Collectables-Coins and Currency"],"title_tesim":["Collectables-Coins and Currency"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1772-1932"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collectables-Coins and Currency"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":220,"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:15:21.073Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_89.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/89","title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1767-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1767-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"text":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89","Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation","The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","This subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.","This subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.","This subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.","This subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.","This subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.","This subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.","This subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.","This subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.","Documents regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.","This subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.","This subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.","This subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.","This subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.","This subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.","This subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.","This subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.","Documents relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.","This subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.","Includes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was created circa 1976 and was expanded over many years through small donations and acquisitions. Accession information is unavailable for many of the items in the collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"extent_tesim":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"dimensions_tesim":["Oversize boxes 24.75x20.75x3.5"],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects are described as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American History\n\u003cbr\u003eAlexandria-Juvenile\n\u003cbr\u003eBusinesses\n\u003cbr\u003eCivil War and Reconstruction\n\u003cbr\u003eCollectables\n\u003cbr\u003eCulture\n\u003cbr\u003eEvents\n\u003cbr\u003eFire\n\u003cbr\u003eGovernment\n\u003cbr\u003eHistoric Places\n\u003cbr\u003eLibrary\n\u003cbr\u003eMagazines\n\u003cbr\u003eOrganizations\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal Business\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal\n\u003cbr\u003ePolitics\n\u003cbr\u003eRailroads\n\u003cbr\u003eReligion\n\u003cbr\u003eSchools\n\u003cbr\u003eTourism and Foodways\n\u003cbr\u003eTransportation\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","This subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.","This subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.","This subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.","This subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.","This subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.","This subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.","This subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.","This subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.","Documents regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.","This subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.","This subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.","This subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.","This subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.","This subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.","This subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.","This subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.","Documents relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.","This subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.","Includes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":683,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:15:21.073Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Collectables-Stocks","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"text":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Collectables-Stocks","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","English","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Collectables-Stocks","title_ssm":["Collectables-Stocks"],"title_tesim":["Collectables-Stocks"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1793-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collectables-Stocks"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":241,"date_range_isim":[1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"names_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove Family","Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:15:21.073Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_89.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/89","title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1767-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1767-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"text":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89","Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation","The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","This subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.","This subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.","This subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.","This subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.","This subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.","This subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.","This subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.","This subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.","Documents regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.","This subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.","This subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.","This subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.","This subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.","This subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.","This subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.","This subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.","Documents relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.","This subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.","Includes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was created circa 1976 and was expanded over many years through small donations and acquisitions. Accession information is unavailable for many of the items in the collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"extent_tesim":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"dimensions_tesim":["Oversize boxes 24.75x20.75x3.5"],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects are described as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American History\n\u003cbr\u003eAlexandria-Juvenile\n\u003cbr\u003eBusinesses\n\u003cbr\u003eCivil War and Reconstruction\n\u003cbr\u003eCollectables\n\u003cbr\u003eCulture\n\u003cbr\u003eEvents\n\u003cbr\u003eFire\n\u003cbr\u003eGovernment\n\u003cbr\u003eHistoric Places\n\u003cbr\u003eLibrary\n\u003cbr\u003eMagazines\n\u003cbr\u003eOrganizations\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal Business\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal\n\u003cbr\u003ePolitics\n\u003cbr\u003eRailroads\n\u003cbr\u003eReligion\n\u003cbr\u003eSchools\n\u003cbr\u003eTourism and Foodways\n\u003cbr\u003eTransportation\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","This subject concerns African American history in Alexandria including records relating to slavery and Black political and religious rights as well as a flyer from the Robert Robinson Branch Library. Most records documenting the activities of free blacks in Alexandria in the antebellum period fall into this category as do modern records that are notable due to an association with African Americans or their communities.","This subject covers Alexandria-related juvenilia with no known association with any particular individual, business, government, or organization with which it might be grouped by purpose or provenance and currently includes a juvenile work on the history of Virginia.","This subject consists of records from Alexandria businesses from banks and industrial enterprises to small businesses like wholesalers. They include financial records, receipts and billheads, but also catalogs, advertisements and account books. Also listed here are some promotional materials about the Alexandria business community in general.","This subject contains documents relating to or stemming from the war and its aftermath, primarily consisting of Civil War letters. It also contains some Confederate memorabilia, but for Confederate currency see under the Collectables-Coins and Currency subject.","This subject contains anniversaries, commemorations, and celebrations of historical events not uniquely associated with specific organizations including anniversaries relating to the history of Alexandria and the life of George Washington.","This subject contains records relating to various fire departments and services of Alexandria. For additional material on these subjects see related collections.","This subject contains records concerning the government of Alexandria, official notices and other government interactions, bonds from the Alexandria Corporation, as well as some records from Potomac and Fairfax.","This subject includes information on specific properties in Alexandria, cemeteries, and a historical building survey from the 1950s. It is recommended that individuals researching the properties documented here first consult the non-manuscript vertical file in the main reading room in most cases.","Documents regarding the Alexandria library and other libraries as well as some collected material on Alexandria history sent to the library in the 1980s.","This subject includes two print publications, one containing an article on a historic house and the other consisting of an almanac listing significant dates in Confederate history.","This subject covers local private organizations, lodges, and clubs prominently including masonic and Confederate groups.","This subject includes business records primarily relating to named individuals. For the records of named businesses see: businesses, for correspondence relating to personal and private matters see: personal.","This subject includes personal letters, diaries, and memoirs as well as personal certificates.","This subject contains political speeches and tracts, as well as records concerning election campaigns and advocacy on political issues. It also includes appointments to public offices in Alexandria, for other offices see: personal. For actual government administrative records and records about the legal status of Alexandria see: government.","This subjects consists of assorted material relating to railroads, principally in the Alexandria region. These include bills, tickets, schedules, and bonds.","This subject includes documents concerning houses of worship and non-school religious institutions as well as sermons. Also includes a print magazine article about the dioceses of Virginia.","Documents relating to educational institutions in Alexandria and the educational system in general. Includes records about named individuals.","This subject contains tourism related material as well as restaurant menus.","Includes materials relating to the transportation infrastructure of the Alexandria region and related businesses including shipping, the canal, and the harbor, but also bus lines, roads and Army Corps of Engineers infrastructure projects."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":683,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-05T07:15:21.073Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Colonial Manufacturing Company","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"text":["William W. Hurt Papers","Colonial Manufacturing Company","box 1","folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Colonial Manufacturing Company","title_ssm":["Colonial Manufacturing Company"],"title_tesim":["Colonial Manufacturing Company"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1905-1906, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/1906"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Colonial Manufacturing Company"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:14.629Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1901.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hurt, William W. Papers","title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1929"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1929"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.025"],"text":["Ms.1992.025","William W. Hurt Papers","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.","William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs. ","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932. ","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932. ","Source: ","Wilson, Goodridge,  Smyth County History and Its Traditions  ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932). ","The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents. ","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association. ","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company. ","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection. ","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will. ","[see also Oversize Materials]","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creators_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William W. Hurt Papers were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 1992. The collection was accessioned as the Douglas Land Company Records and was known by that title until 2005, when it was processed and renamed."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilson, Goodridge, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSmyth County History and Its Traditions\u003c/title\u003e ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932). \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs. ","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932. ","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932. ","Source: ","Wilson, Goodridge,  Smyth County History and Its Traditions  ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932). "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[see also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents. ","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association. ","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company. ","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection. ","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will. ","[see also Oversize Materials]"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0409fd13832eb8975648d8274bfa4810\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company."],"names_coll_ssim":["Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:14.629Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901_c01"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Commandant of Cadets Historical Records","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBound and unbound historical records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets. The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_652","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_652.xml","title_ssm":["Commandant of Cadets Historical Records"],"title_tesim":["Commandant of Cadets Historical Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1950"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1839-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.10.Commandant.Historical","/repositories/3/resources/652"],"text":["RG.10.Commandant.Historical","/repositories/3/resources/652","Commandant of Cadets Historical Records","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—20th century","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—19th century","The Commandant of Cadets is the senior VMI administrator in charge of military life at the Institute.  The Commandant oversees Barracks life, military training, physical training, Corps discipline, and other related areas.  This position has existed since the opening of the Institute in 1839.","VMI sponsored military training camps (two in 1917 and one in 1918) to help prepare men before they went into the service.  The attendees were not VMI cadets.  An officer of the Institute, Captain Henley P. Boykin (Class of 1912) was detailed as the camp's commandant, and VMI cadet First Classmen were assigned to duty as instructors.  Subsequently, an officer of the Canadian Expediat5ionary FOrces provided instruction in bombing, bayonet fighting and trench warfare.","Bound and unbound historical  records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets.  The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence","Three notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\".","Archives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Commandant","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Boykin, Henley P.","English \n.    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Virginia Military Institute Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound and unbound historical  records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets.  The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bound and unbound historical  records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets.  The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence","Three notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\"."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1458b6f09ba16c54d46ad5997d10a7af\"\u003eArchives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Archives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Commandant","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Marshall, George C. 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Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence","Three notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\".","Archives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Commandant","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Boykin, Henley P.","English \n.    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Virginia Military Institute Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound and unbound historical  records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets.  The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bound and unbound historical  records documenting the operation of the Commandant's office and of the Corps of Cadets.  The earliest examples date from 1839, the first year of the Institute. Items include: guard records, morning reports, demerit books, inspection books, permit books, muster rolls, record of events, penalty tour and confinement records, Commandant orders and memoranda, World War I Training Camp (1917-1918), ordnance stores (1858, 1861), George C. Marshall signed amnesty document, Scott Shipp correspondence","Three notebooks, including \"Record of Drills\", \"Inspection Book\", and \"VMI T. C. Delinquencies\"."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1458b6f09ba16c54d46ad5997d10a7af\"\u003eArchives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Archives stacks, Record Group 10, Commandant"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Commandant","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Boykin, Henley P."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Commandant"],"persname_ssim":["Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Boykin, Henley P."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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In 1884, the State of Virginia passed legislation to open the state's first Normal School; the citizens of Farmville offered the Female College buildings for this new institution. This partnership led to the opening of the first state run institution of higher learning for women in Virginia named, State Female Normal School. The school underwent several names changes including State Normal School for Women in Farmville, State Teachers College at Farmville, Longwood College and then finally in 2002, the school was formally renamed Longwood University. The early years for the school featured Victorian era education for women with classes in languages and arts popular. After becoming the State Female Normal School the institution specifically focused on training students to become teachers in the state's new public school system. Then in 1914, under the new name State Normal School for Women the college could officially issue full degrees for the first time. By the time the name was changed in 1949 to Longwood College, the emphasis was still on teacher training, but more liberal arts options were available to students. Finally, in April 2002, the school was officially designated Longwood University. Graduation or commencement has been an important part of student traditions since the institutions founding, and this collection includes programs, invitations and other related commencement materials.","These materials have been collected from various departments and individuals to create a collection of commencement materials.","While the earliest year item in this collection is dated 1863, and the latest 2021, not all years in that range are represented.","The items in this collection date from 1863 to 2021 and include mainly Commencement programs and invitations. However, the collection also includes newspaper clippings, school announcements, and webpage print-outs.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University,","Longwood University -- : History.","English \n.    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In 1884, the State of Virginia passed legislation to open the state's first Normal School; the citizens of Farmville offered the Female College buildings for this new institution. This partnership led to the opening of the first state run institution of higher learning for women in Virginia named, State Female Normal School. The school underwent several names changes including State Normal School for Women in Farmville, State Teachers College at Farmville, Longwood College and then finally in 2002, the school was formally renamed Longwood University. The early years for the school featured Victorian era education for women with classes in languages and arts popular. After becoming the State Female Normal School the institution specifically focused on training students to become teachers in the state's new public school system. Then in 1914, under the new name State Normal School for Women the college could officially issue full degrees for the first time. By the time the name was changed in 1949 to Longwood College, the emphasis was still on teacher training, but more liberal arts options were available to students. Finally, in April 2002, the school was officially designated Longwood University. Graduation or commencement has been an important part of student traditions since the institutions founding, and this collection includes programs, invitations and other related commencement materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1839, the Legislature of Virginia incorporated the Farmville Female Seminary; the school existed as a private institution under several other names including Farmville Female College and Farmville College until 1884. In 1884, the State of Virginia passed legislation to open the state's first Normal School; the citizens of Farmville offered the Female College buildings for this new institution. This partnership led to the opening of the first state run institution of higher learning for women in Virginia named, State Female Normal School. The school underwent several names changes including State Normal School for Women in Farmville, State Teachers College at Farmville, Longwood College and then finally in 2002, the school was formally renamed Longwood University. The early years for the school featured Victorian era education for women with classes in languages and arts popular. After becoming the State Female Normal School the institution specifically focused on training students to become teachers in the state's new public school system. Then in 1914, under the new name State Normal School for Women the college could officially issue full degrees for the first time. By the time the name was changed in 1949 to Longwood College, the emphasis was still on teacher training, but more liberal arts options were available to students. Finally, in April 2002, the school was officially designated Longwood University. Graduation or commencement has been an important part of student traditions since the institutions founding, and this collection includes programs, invitations and other related commencement materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese materials have been collected from various departments and individuals to create a collection of commencement materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["These materials have been collected from various departments and individuals to create a collection of commencement materials."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhile the earliest year item in this collection is dated 1863, and the latest 2021, not all years in that range are represented.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note"],"odd_tesim":["While the earliest year item in this collection is dated 1863, and the latest 2021, not all years in that range are represented."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection date from 1863 to 2021 and include mainly Commencement programs and invitations. However, the collection also includes newspaper clippings, school announcements, and webpage print-outs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The items in this collection date from 1863 to 2021 and include mainly Commencement programs and invitations. However, the collection also includes newspaper clippings, school announcements, and webpage print-outs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Longwood University -- : History."],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University,","Longwood University -- : History."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University,","Longwood University -- : History."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy.","The forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities."],"title_filing_ssi":"Commitments","title_ssm":["Commitments"],"title_tesim":["Commitments"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Commitments"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":55,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":60,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The commitment records in this collection are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. There are no access restrictions on the rest of the materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Commonwealth of Virginia may own the intellectual property in some of these records, and there may be restrictions on their reuse and republication."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records in this series are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The records in this series are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:25:11.137Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1693","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1693","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1693","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_1693.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/202047","title_ssm":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"title_tesim":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2019.02","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1693"],"text":["MSS.2019.02","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1693","Charlottesville Circuit Court records","Charlottesville (Va.)","Municipal government -- Records and correspondence","The commitment records in this collection are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. There are no access restrictions on the rest of the materials.","The records in this series are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy.","The arrangement of the items in this series remains unchanged from when they were transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library.","The clerks of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts arranged the records in the books chronologically. In this series, the books are also arranged chronologically.","An Act of the Assembly of Albemarle County created Charlottesville, Virginia, in 1762. The Commonwealth of Virginia incorporated Charlottesville as a town in 1801, and then as a city in 1888.","Before 1888, the Albemarle County courts had jurisdiction over Charlottesville and managed the town's public records. With its incorporation as a city, Charlottesville gained the authority to establish its own courts and manage public records independent of the county.","In 1889, Charlottesville exercised its new authority by creating a \"Corporation Court.\" The city granted it the powers of both a circuit court and a municipal court as defined by the state government. The Corporation Court had original jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony cases involving city ordinances and state law. It also had the authority to hear civil cases.","In 1973, the Corporation Court of Charlottesville was dissolved as part of a statewide reorganization of the court system in Virginia. This reorganization led to the creation of the Charlottesville Circuit Court and the Charlottesville District Court, with the powers of the former Corporation Court being divided between these two new entities. ","The Clerk's Office of the Corporation Court was responsible for preserving the court's records and other public records as mandated by law. When the Commonwealth of Virginia dissolved the Corporation Court, these responsibilities were transferred to the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Circuit Court.","Copies of many of the records in this series were sent to the Virginia State Corporation Commission. The Library of Virginia preserves copies of the Commission's charter books.","This collection consists of public records initially filed at the clerk's offices of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts. They include, but are not limited to the following: corporate charter books, docket books, court memorandum books, liens books, alcohol inventories, commitment records, writs of execution, local election certifications, and property assessment books. ","Researchers may find related records at the clerk's office for the Charlottesville Circuit Court. They may also access related records at the Library of Virginia, which manages original and microfilm copies of some documents originally filed with the Clerk of the Corporation Court.","This series consists of loose public records from the first years of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. They include written judgments, summonses, writs of execution, license applications, election certifications, and affidavits.","The Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court created this index to facilitate the discovery of deeds under their care. Deeds are listed in alphabetical order by the name of the parties involved. Each index entry includes the date of the deed, the names of the parties, a brief description of the property, and the location of the record in the Clerk's deed books.","The charter books contain bound legal records documenting the creation, alteration, and dissolution of corporations and business partnerships in Charlottesville. These include charters, articles of incorporation, certificates, and statements of change.","The forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities.","This series consists of a small amount of records documenting elections in Charlottesvile.","This ledger book records personal property contracts registered with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. At the front of the book, the Clerk's Office indexed the names of the contract parties recorded in the book. After the index, contract entries are recorded in chronological order and include the date of the contract, a description of the contract, and amounts of money related to it.","This book records mechanic's liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The Clerk's Office created an index at the front of the book to facilitate discovery.","The Corporation and Circuit Courts of Charlottesville registered their cases in these docket books. Each book entry records a docket number, the attorneys' names, the parties involved, actions, and trial dates.","These books record fees issued by and paid to Charlottesville's Corporation Court.","This book records writs of execution issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville and returned by the constable. Entries in the book include the title of the writ, the dates of its issue and return, the amount of money involved, interest, and fees. A writ of execution is a court order directing law enforcement officers to transfer property from one party to another as a result of a legal judgment.","This series contains books that record liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The books include a copy of the written lien, court acknowledgment of the lien, and notes about resulting payments and deliveries. This series also contains an index to facilitate the discovery of records in the books.","This ledger lists in chronlogical order indictments and appealed cases in the Charlottesville Corporation Court. Entries include the docket number, term dates, and the names of plaintiffs and defendants. The ledger book was initially published to record registered land titles, but the court clerk repurposed it to document indictments and appealed cases.","During the Prohibition Era, the Commonwealth of Virginia allowed pharmacists and drug stores to sell alcohol as a medicine. In Charlottesville, these licensed merchants were required to report their complete alcohol inventory to the Clerk of the Corporation Court monthly. This file contains some reports that the Clerk's Office preserved after the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","In these books, the Clerk's Office for the Charlottesville Corporation Court made brief notes about various actions involving the Court, including summonses, subpoenas, and petitions. The Office entered the notes in chronological order.","This ledger book records fines and costs due to the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The entries in this book are titled by the name of the person or entity that owes the Clerk's Office and are arranged alphabetically.","The ledgers in this series contain records of delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller. Ledger entries include the following information: name of the person assessed, location of the property, a history of tax payments, and the date of sale to the Comptroller.","This file has resources that list delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller during the Great Depression. List entries include the following information: names of the persons assessed, the delinquent property, history of tax payments, and property sale dates.","The items in this file document the application and certification of alcohol licenses in Charlottesville, Virginia, a few months before the ratification of the twenty-first Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","This is a list of delinquent tax payments made to the Charlottesville City Treasurer and filed at the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court.","This book lists civil papers issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville. Each entry in the list includes the following information: the date of issue, names of the parties involved, and the corresponding file number.","The entries in this ledger list the date of the transaction, the trustee, the place of business, the entruster, and the file number.","This series consists of personal property assessment tables for the City of Charlottesville. The tables are bound into books and contain the following data: name and address of person assessed, values of various kinds of personal property, tax amounts, and tax penalties. The Office of the Commissioner of Revenue for the City of Charlottesville produced the tables and filed them with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Circuit Court.","The Commonwealth of Virginia may own the intellectual property in some of these records, and there may be restrictions on their reuse and republication.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2019.02","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1693"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"collection_ssim":["Charlottesville Circuit Court records"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Commonwealth of Virginia may own the intellectual property in some of these records, and there may be restrictions on their reuse and republication."],"acqinfo_ssim":["On January 3, 2019, the clerk's office of the Charlottesville Circuit Court transferred the records in this collection to the University of Virginia Law Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Municipal government -- Records and correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Municipal government -- Records and correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["91 Volumes","5.41 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["91 Volumes","5.41 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe commitment records in this collection are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. There are no access restrictions on the rest of the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records in this series are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The commitment records in this collection are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. There are no access restrictions on the rest of the materials.","The records in this series are closed to researchers for 125 years after their creation. The commitment records contain sensitive health information about the subjects involved. Access restrictions exist to protect their privacy."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of the items in this series remains unchanged from when they were transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe clerks of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts arranged the records in the books chronologically. In this series, the books are also arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The arrangement of the items in this series remains unchanged from when they were transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library.","The clerks of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts arranged the records in the books chronologically. In this series, the books are also arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn Act of the Assembly of Albemarle County created Charlottesville, Virginia, in 1762. The Commonwealth of Virginia incorporated Charlottesville as a town in 1801, and then as a city in 1888.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBefore 1888, the Albemarle County courts had jurisdiction over Charlottesville and managed the town's public records. With its incorporation as a city, Charlottesville gained the authority to establish its own courts and manage public records independent of the county.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Charlottesville exercised its new authority by creating a \"Corporation Court.\" The city granted it the powers of both a circuit court and a municipal court as defined by the state government. The Corporation Court had original jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony cases involving city ordinances and state law. It also had the authority to hear civil cases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973, the Corporation Court of Charlottesville was dissolved as part of a statewide reorganization of the court system in Virginia. This reorganization led to the creation of the Charlottesville Circuit Court and the Charlottesville District Court, with the powers of the former Corporation Court being divided between these two new entities. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Clerk's Office of the Corporation Court was responsible for preserving the court's records and other public records as mandated by law. When the Commonwealth of Virginia dissolved the Corporation Court, these responsibilities were transferred to the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Circuit Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["An Act of the Assembly of Albemarle County created Charlottesville, Virginia, in 1762. The Commonwealth of Virginia incorporated Charlottesville as a town in 1801, and then as a city in 1888.","Before 1888, the Albemarle County courts had jurisdiction over Charlottesville and managed the town's public records. With its incorporation as a city, Charlottesville gained the authority to establish its own courts and manage public records independent of the county.","In 1889, Charlottesville exercised its new authority by creating a \"Corporation Court.\" The city granted it the powers of both a circuit court and a municipal court as defined by the state government. The Corporation Court had original jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony cases involving city ordinances and state law. It also had the authority to hear civil cases.","In 1973, the Corporation Court of Charlottesville was dissolved as part of a statewide reorganization of the court system in Virginia. This reorganization led to the creation of the Charlottesville Circuit Court and the Charlottesville District Court, with the powers of the former Corporation Court being divided between these two new entities. ","The Clerk's Office of the Corporation Court was responsible for preserving the court's records and other public records as mandated by law. When the Commonwealth of Virginia dissolved the Corporation Court, these responsibilities were transferred to the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Circuit Court."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopies of many of the records in this series were sent to the Virginia State Corporation Commission. The Library of Virginia preserves copies of the Commission's charter books.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Copies of many of the records in this series were sent to the Virginia State Corporation Commission. The Library of Virginia preserves copies of the Commission's charter books."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of public records initially filed at the clerk's offices of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts. They include, but are not limited to the following: corporate charter books, docket books, court memorandum books, liens books, alcohol inventories, commitment records, writs of execution, local election certifications, and property assessment books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may find related records at the clerk's office for the Charlottesville Circuit Court. They may also access related records at the Library of Virginia, which manages original and microfilm copies of some documents originally filed with the Clerk of the Corporation Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of loose public records from the first years of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. They include written judgments, summonses, writs of execution, license applications, election certifications, and affidavits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court created this index to facilitate the discovery of deeds under their care. Deeds are listed in alphabetical order by the name of the parties involved. Each index entry includes the date of the deed, the names of the parties, a brief description of the property, and the location of the record in the Clerk's deed books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe charter books contain bound legal records documenting the creation, alteration, and dissolution of corporations and business partnerships in Charlottesville. These include charters, articles of incorporation, certificates, and statements of change.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of a small amount of records documenting elections in Charlottesvile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis ledger book records personal property contracts registered with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. At the front of the book, the Clerk's Office indexed the names of the contract parties recorded in the book. After the index, contract entries are recorded in chronological order and include the date of the contract, a description of the contract, and amounts of money related to it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis book records mechanic's liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The Clerk's Office created an index at the front of the book to facilitate discovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Corporation and Circuit Courts of Charlottesville registered their cases in these docket books. Each book entry records a docket number, the attorneys' names, the parties involved, actions, and trial dates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese books record fees issued by and paid to Charlottesville's Corporation Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis book records writs of execution issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville and returned by the constable. Entries in the book include the title of the writ, the dates of its issue and return, the amount of money involved, interest, and fees. A writ of execution is a court order directing law enforcement officers to transfer property from one party to another as a result of a legal judgment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains books that record liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The books include a copy of the written lien, court acknowledgment of the lien, and notes about resulting payments and deliveries. This series also contains an index to facilitate the discovery of records in the books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis ledger lists in chronlogical order indictments and appealed cases in the Charlottesville Corporation Court. Entries include the docket number, term dates, and the names of plaintiffs and defendants. The ledger book was initially published to record registered land titles, but the court clerk repurposed it to document indictments and appealed cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Prohibition Era, the Commonwealth of Virginia allowed pharmacists and drug stores to sell alcohol as a medicine. In Charlottesville, these licensed merchants were required to report their complete alcohol inventory to the Clerk of the Corporation Court monthly. This file contains some reports that the Clerk's Office preserved after the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn these books, the Clerk's Office for the Charlottesville Corporation Court made brief notes about various actions involving the Court, including summonses, subpoenas, and petitions. The Office entered the notes in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis ledger book records fines and costs due to the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The entries in this book are titled by the name of the person or entity that owes the Clerk's Office and are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers in this series contain records of delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller. Ledger entries include the following information: name of the person assessed, location of the property, a history of tax payments, and the date of sale to the Comptroller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file has resources that list delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller during the Great Depression. List entries include the following information: names of the persons assessed, the delinquent property, history of tax payments, and property sale dates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe items in this file document the application and certification of alcohol licenses in Charlottesville, Virginia, a few months before the ratification of the twenty-first Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a list of delinquent tax payments made to the Charlottesville City Treasurer and filed at the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis book lists civil papers issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville. Each entry in the list includes the following information: the date of issue, names of the parties involved, and the corresponding file number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe entries in this ledger list the date of the transaction, the trustee, the place of business, the entruster, and the file number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of personal property assessment tables for the City of Charlottesville. The tables are bound into books and contain the following data: name and address of person assessed, values of various kinds of personal property, tax amounts, and tax penalties. The Office of the Commissioner of Revenue for the City of Charlottesville produced the tables and filed them with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Circuit Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of public records initially filed at the clerk's offices of the Charlottesville Corporation and Circuit Courts. They include, but are not limited to the following: corporate charter books, docket books, court memorandum books, liens books, alcohol inventories, commitment records, writs of execution, local election certifications, and property assessment books. ","Researchers may find related records at the clerk's office for the Charlottesville Circuit Court. They may also access related records at the Library of Virginia, which manages original and microfilm copies of some documents originally filed with the Clerk of the Corporation Court.","This series consists of loose public records from the first years of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. They include written judgments, summonses, writs of execution, license applications, election certifications, and affidavits.","The Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court created this index to facilitate the discovery of deeds under their care. Deeds are listed in alphabetical order by the name of the parties involved. Each index entry includes the date of the deed, the names of the parties, a brief description of the property, and the location of the record in the Clerk's deed books.","The charter books contain bound legal records documenting the creation, alteration, and dissolution of corporations and business partnerships in Charlottesville. These include charters, articles of incorporation, certificates, and statements of change.","The forms in this series document the commitment of individuals that the Commonwealth of Virginia classified as \"mentally ill\" to public institutions and private facilities.","This series consists of a small amount of records documenting elections in Charlottesvile.","This ledger book records personal property contracts registered with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. At the front of the book, the Clerk's Office indexed the names of the contract parties recorded in the book. After the index, contract entries are recorded in chronological order and include the date of the contract, a description of the contract, and amounts of money related to it.","This book records mechanic's liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The Clerk's Office created an index at the front of the book to facilitate discovery.","The Corporation and Circuit Courts of Charlottesville registered their cases in these docket books. Each book entry records a docket number, the attorneys' names, the parties involved, actions, and trial dates.","These books record fees issued by and paid to Charlottesville's Corporation Court.","This book records writs of execution issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville and returned by the constable. Entries in the book include the title of the writ, the dates of its issue and return, the amount of money involved, interest, and fees. A writ of execution is a court order directing law enforcement officers to transfer property from one party to another as a result of a legal judgment.","This series contains books that record liens filed in the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The books include a copy of the written lien, court acknowledgment of the lien, and notes about resulting payments and deliveries. This series also contains an index to facilitate the discovery of records in the books.","This ledger lists in chronlogical order indictments and appealed cases in the Charlottesville Corporation Court. Entries include the docket number, term dates, and the names of plaintiffs and defendants. The ledger book was initially published to record registered land titles, but the court clerk repurposed it to document indictments and appealed cases.","During the Prohibition Era, the Commonwealth of Virginia allowed pharmacists and drug stores to sell alcohol as a medicine. In Charlottesville, these licensed merchants were required to report their complete alcohol inventory to the Clerk of the Corporation Court monthly. This file contains some reports that the Clerk's Office preserved after the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","In these books, the Clerk's Office for the Charlottesville Corporation Court made brief notes about various actions involving the Court, including summonses, subpoenas, and petitions. The Office entered the notes in chronological order.","This ledger book records fines and costs due to the Clerk of the Charlottesville Corporation Court. The entries in this book are titled by the name of the person or entity that owes the Clerk's Office and are arranged alphabetically.","The ledgers in this series contain records of delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller. Ledger entries include the following information: name of the person assessed, location of the property, a history of tax payments, and the date of sale to the Comptroller.","This file has resources that list delinquent real estate taxes in Charlottesville and the sale of delinquent properties to the Comptroller during the Great Depression. List entries include the following information: names of the persons assessed, the delinquent property, history of tax payments, and property sale dates.","The items in this file document the application and certification of alcohol licenses in Charlottesville, Virginia, a few months before the ratification of the twenty-first Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.","This is a list of delinquent tax payments made to the Charlottesville City Treasurer and filed at the Clerk's Office of the Charlottesville Corporation Court.","This book lists civil papers issued by the Corporation Court of Charlottesville. Each entry in the list includes the following information: the date of issue, names of the parties involved, and the corresponding file number.","The entries in this ledger list the date of the transaction, the trustee, the place of business, the entruster, and the file number.","This series consists of personal property assessment tables for the City of Charlottesville. The tables are bound into books and contain the following data: name and address of person assessed, values of various kinds of personal property, tax amounts, and tax penalties. The Office of the Commissioner of Revenue for the City of Charlottesville produced the tables and filed them with the Clerk of the Charlottesville Circuit Court."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Commonwealth of Virginia may own the intellectual property in some of these records, and there may be restrictions on their reuse and republication.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Commonwealth of Virginia may own the intellectual property in some of these records, and there may be restrictions on their reuse and republication."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. 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Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual."],"title_filing_ssi":"Communication","title_ssm":["Communication"],"title_tesim":["Communication"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1912"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Communication"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":15,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:36.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_213","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_213.xml","title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"text":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213","McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912","Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.","Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.","The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 .","J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0172","/repositories/4/resources/213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"collection_ssim":["McHone Brothers (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"creators_ssim":["Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","McHone Brothers, LLC"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Statistics","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Edinburg (Va.) -- History","Stokesville (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- Sources"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Records were donated by the present building owner, McHone Brothers, LLC, in 2000. The collection was discovered in the late 1990s during renovations to the Houck Building on Court Square (71 South Main) in downtown Harrisonburg, the former offices of the Houck Tannery and store."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- United States","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanning -- United States","Tanning -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanning -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Tanbark -- Transportation -- Southern States -- Sources","Tanneries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Railroads -- Southern States -- History","Railroads -- Virginia -- History","Industries -- United States -- History","Industries -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Sources","Industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Political participation -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Voting registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.7 cubic feet 8 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Business records","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Shipping records","Bills of lading"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAccount Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunication, 1900-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1891-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDistribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJ. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Items within each series are arranged alphabetically by topic or locality, then chronologically. Original pagination retained.","Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895 Communication, 1900-1912 Financial Documents, 1891-1912 Distribution/Transportation Documents, 1893-1913 J. P. Houck Store, 1898-1912"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBarb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCoakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 28 February 1959.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing\u003c/emph\u003e.  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 March 1908.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003ePrice, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e III:1, April 1979.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, 11 July 1913.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eImages of America: Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSuter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlaces, Faces \u0026amp; Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County\u003c/emph\u003e.  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e.  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Barb, Mia, 1991. Tanbark Industry in the Shenandoah Valley, Oral History Interviews, SdArch 4. Carrier Library Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Bolgiano, Chris. 1999. \"Tanbark Harvesting as an Economic and Environmental Factor in Appalachia.\" [S.1.:s.n.], 1999. Presented at [the] Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va., January 22, 1999.","Coakley, Sherry L. 1991. \"The Old Tannery.\" Harrisonburg Rockingham Historical Society Newsletter 13(1): 1-2.","\"History of Rockingham—Houck Tannery.\"  Daily News-Record , 28 February 1959.","Lathrop, J.M.  An Atlas of Shenandoah and Page Counties, Virginia; from actual surveys by J.M. Lathrop and B.N. Griffing .  Strasburg, Va.: GP Hammond Pub., 1991.  Originally published as: Philadelphia, Pa.: D.J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","\"Mr. Dutrow's 20th Anniversary.\"  Harrisonburg Daily News , 11 March 1908.","Price, C.G. Sr. \"My Recollections of Harrisonburg at the turn of the century.\"  Rockingham Recorder  III:1, April 1979.","\"Dutrow Buys Houck Store.\"   Daily News-Record , 11 July 1913.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Images of America: Harrisonburg .  Chicago: Arcadia Press, 2003.","Suter, Scott Hamilton, and Cheryl Lyon.  Places, Faces \u0026 Traces:  Historical Photographs of Harrisonburg and Rockingham County .  Dayton, Va.: Silver Lake Mill, 2005.","Wayland, John W.  Historic Harrisonburg .  Staunton, Va.: McClure Print. Co., 1949."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026amp; the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck was born on April 4, 1839, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866 he went to work for Shenandoah Iron Works in Page County, Virginia. He was successful in the business for fourteen years. Around 1880, Houck and his family moved to Harrisonburg, Virginia, as he had significant business interests there. He had bought a controlling share of the Harrisonburg Steam Tannery in 1878, which soon was renamed the Houck Tannery. In 1879 he opened the Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods in addition to household goods and furnishings.  Houck was a prominent member of the community, a member of the Rockingham Union Lodge, and secretary and treasurer of Valley Telephone. He died on June 16, 1908. Both the Tannery and the Store were passed on to his son, Joe (J. T.). The younger Houck sold the store to William B. Dutrow in 1913, but continued to own and operate the tannery until its close in the 1920s.","The tannery which came to be known as the Houck Tannery had a long history prior to its ownership by J. P. Houck. Local historian John Wayland noted in his 1949 book  Historic Harrisonburg  that sources indicate that as far back 1826, Joseph Cline had \"carried on the tanyard now owned by Lowenback,\" and that George Conrad had later purchased Cline's \"farm \u0026 the tanyard in town,\" although the date of that sale is not provided. Nonetheless, in 1871 J. A. Loewenbach owned and operated the tannery. That year, he constructed a new building for providing steam power, and in 1872 he had run a pipe from an unidentified spring in town to the tannery.","By 1878 ownership of the tannery was transferred to J. P. Houck. Although several tanneries operated in Rockingham County, Houck's was the largest. An 1880 census reports a capital investment of $75,000 and thirty employees in the tannery. The industry also supported significant numbers of workers who supplied and transported raw materials to the factory. A spur was laid from the Chesapeake and Western Railroad directly to the tannery warehouse to facilitate the tonnage of bark required for the manufacture of leather. In 1889 the tannery boasted a well that ran 600 feet deep. In addition, the tannery's powerful steam plant is credited with being the first provider of electricity in Harrisonburg. The city contracted with Houck in 1890 to power its street lights prior to the formation of the Harrisonburg Electric Commission. The factory ceased operation in the 1920s, and its 120 foot smokestack was demolished in 1929. A municipal parking deck now stands on the site. The sole remaining structure housed Whitesel-Sinton farm equipment in the 1930s, the armory until the 1950s, and the police department until its demolition in the early 1970s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of Item], [box #, folder #], McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was received on several long strands of heavy gauge wire totaling twenty linear feet which presented some difficulty due to their great weight and inherent instability. Documents had been punched onto the wire in chronological order which facilitated their arrangement but left edges exposed to a century's accumulation of grime and to damage by pests.  As a practical matter rather than an ideal conservation practice, each article was wiped with an untreated flannel dust cloth rather than vacuumed under mesh to encourage the exposed and embrittled corners of documents to crumble away from their much cleaner cores.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4044 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026amp; Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records that document the daily purchases and sales of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection is arranged in five series:  Account Ledgers and Registries, Communication, Financial Documents, Distribution/Transportation Documents, Images, and J.P. Houck Store. The first four series deal primarily with the Tannery; materials relating to the Store are housed in series five.  References to the Tannery may be abbreviated JPHTC, while the Houck Store may be abbreviated JPHS.","Series 1, Account Ledgers and Registries, 1870-1895, consists of a bound register (1870-1884), account ledger, and check stub registry. The register lists names alphabetically by race, date registered, and age. Initially presumed to have been an employee register, many of the names listed were prominent local citizens and/or businessmen who were not in the employ of the tannery; therefore it is likely that this was an unofficial voter register that somehow came to be housed in the same building as the tannery records, and may in fact have had nothing to do with the tannery itself.","Series 2, Communication, 1900-1912, includes business and payroll correspondence, telegrams and telegraphs, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically.  Several of the items in payroll correspondence are undated handwritten notes from employees or contract laborers, requesting that their pay be sent home with another individual.","Series 3, Financial Documents, 1891-1912, is largely composed of receipts and paperwork regarding transactions and regular operating expenses, arranged alphabetically by topic, then chronologically. Topics include cash accounts, expense accounts, and payroll information for Brandiwine [Brandywine], W.V., insurance and utility payments, tax and legal issues, cancelled checks, tannery receipts and vouchers, money orders (from Southern Express \u0026 Adams Express) and Houck Store receipts. Oversized materials that have been placed in an oversized box are noted in the contents list.","Series 4, Distribution and Transportation Documents, 1893-1913, constitutes the bulk of the collection and represents regular transactions that occurred during production at the Tannery. These are further divided into eight subseries, based on transaction type. These subseries are arranged alphabetically by location or railway, then chronologically.","Series 5, J.P. Houck Store, 1898-1912, consists of materials that can be attributed specifically to transactions pertaining to the J.P. Houck Store, such as bills of lading for wholesale goods, customer charges, and freight and shipping receipts.  These are arranged topically, then chronologically.  The bulk of this series contains bills of lading for goods shipped to the Store [non-Virginia bills of lading], and bills of lading for goods shipped from the Houck Store to other locations in Virginia [Virginia bills of lading].  These are arranged by railway/company."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0b4734e58550bfc23c19147f1802ed60\"\u003eThis collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of 6.7 cubic feet of records documenting the operations of the Houck Tannery and the J.P. Houck Store in Harrisonburg, Virginia, from 1870-1913, chiefly from 1890 to 1913. The collection contains account ledgers, registries, correspondence, and financial and transportation documents that record this turn of the century industry."],"names_coll_ssim":["J. P. 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