{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=6","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=5","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=7","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=56"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":6,"next_page":7,"prev_page":5,"total_pages":56,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":50,"total_count":555,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c13","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c13","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c13"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c13"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Journals"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Journals"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Journals","B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","5 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","title_ssm":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"title_tesim":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1879-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1879/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":60,"date_range_isim":[1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#12/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n 1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c13_c02"}},{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c15"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c15"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books","B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","5 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7","title_ssm":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"title_tesim":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1879-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1879/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["B. Numbered Sequence; #1, 2, 4, 5,\n 7"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":74,"date_range_isim":[1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#14/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n 1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Board Games and Card Games","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection","Series 1: African Americans"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection","Series 1: African Americans"],"text":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection","Series 1: African Americans","Board Games and Card Games","English","The themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans."],"title_filing_ssi":"Board Games and Card Games","title_ssm":["Board Games and Card Games"],"title_tesim":["Board Games and Card Games"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1994 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Board Games and Card Games"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":59,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#30","timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:30:22.113Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2502","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2502.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection ","title_ssm":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1778-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1778-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss 1.05","/repositories/2/resources/2502"],"text":["Mss 1.05","/repositories/2/resources/2502","Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection","African Americans","African Americans in popular culture","African Americans in the performing arts","African Americans--Biography","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--History","African Americans--Suffrage","Antisemitism","Blaxploitation films -- United States","Chinese Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Chinese Americans--Legal status, laws, etc.--History","Communism--United States","Cuban Americans--Public opinion.","Indians of North America","Kwanzaa","Political cartoons","Race awareness--Simulation methods","Race discrimination--Simulation methods","Race relations--1960-1970","Race relations--United States--History--19th century","Race relations--United States--History--20th century","Role playing","Welfare recipients--Public opinion","Welfare--Caricatures and cartoons","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Advertising cards","Birthday cards","Board games (activities)","Board games (game sets)","Calendars","Card games (game sets)","Christmas cards","Collecting cards","Comic strips","Fliers (printed matter)","Greeting cards","Plays (document genre)","Postcards","Reprints","Satires (document genre)","Sheet music","Songbooks","Stereoscopic photographs","VHS (TM)","Yearbooks","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Additions are being made to this collection on an ongoing basis.","The collection is divided into eight series by race and/or ethnicity. The series are African American, Native American, Asian American, Jewish American, Muslim American, Cuban American, Ku Klux Klan, and Immigration and Discrimination. The contents for each series are grouped by material type and ordered chronologically.","Acc. 2011.633, Acc. 2011.635, Acc. 2011.637 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2011. Full finding aid created in March 2015 and revised in December 2017 by Special Collections staff.","Acc. 2014.194","Ingersol View Company Stereographs, Comic Series #2","Related materials, such as rare books, are recorded at the folder level. ","See also: individual titles in the Manuscript Sheet Music Collection (Mss. 1.07), Box 48, and individual items in the Manuscript Artifact Collection.","For similar material relating to race, ethnicity, and racism outside of the United States, see the Ephemera Collection, Mss. 1.02.","Foreign publications: Rund Um Afrika, a booklet written in German by Gustav Petermann. The content details travels from Germany throughout Africa, visiting sites such as Kruger National Park, Victoria Falls, and Fort Christiansburg. The booklet contains many photographs and animals, buildings, and people. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book DT12.R86 3487058-1001. Acc.2012.207.","Three Dension's Blackface Plays. Three different play scripts to be performed by white actors wearing black face. The plays highlight the perceived stupidity and ignorance of African Americans. These items are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37.1923, PN6120.N4.K37.1928, and PN6120.N4.K37.1931. Acc.2009.335. ","A henpecked coon: darky monologue, 1923. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37 1923. ","Old Doc Gags \"Funster\". Number Two: A collection of fun, fables, foolishness, farce, and fibs, 1925. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6161.O48 1925. ","Songs and Spirituals of Negro Composition for Revivals and Congregational Singing. This item is a pamphlet of sheet music. The pamphlet also includes advertisements for home goods. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66. Acc.2009.324. ","We shall overcome! Songs of the Southern freedom movement, 1963. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.C2.W4. ","How can we keep from singing! A contemporary songbook for liberal churches, fellowships, youth groups, and communal singing generally, 1976. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.H54.1976.","Songs and spirituals of Negro composition for revivals and congregational singing, 1921. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66.","Modern Home Counseler. This book includes lessons, advice, and instructions on how to raise successful, happy, and obedient children. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books H83.M63. Acc. 2009.356. ","American Travelers Guide to Negro Monuments. This book details attractions around the United States that celebrate African Americans and their history. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books E185.53A53. Acc.2009.459. ","The South Strikes Back, 1957. This booklet was written by Woodrow Boone and promotes the return of a more racially conservative society. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book PN6231.S485S68. Acc.2012.276.","The Afro-American Historical Calendar, 1979. The calendar features famous African American musicians, officers, and performers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book E185.A38. Acc.2009.389. ","Negroes in Our History Posters, undated. This collection of posters has a large sketch of famous African American musicians, politicians, and activists. The posters have a brief biographical sketch of each of the celebrated hero. The posters are cataloged as Rare Book E185.96.R78 folio. Acc.2008.163. ","The People Versus Segregated Schools. This 1955 pamphlet promotes integration, anti-lynching laws, and equal pay for black and white workers. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.W54 1955. Acc.2011.268. ","3 Lives for Mississippi. This 1965 book is the story of Mickey Schwerner, James Chaney and Andy Goodman, three men who were killed in Philadelphia, Mississippi by the Klu Klux Klan, while fighting racial justice and the rights of African American voters. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book F347.N4H8. Acc.2011.468. ","Songs of the Southern Freedom Movement. A 1965 songbook promoting freedom, racial tolerance, and heritage. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54 1976. Acc.2009.315. ","How Can We Keep From Singing Songbook. This 1965 book entitled \"We Shall Overcome!\" was compiled by Guy and Candie Carawan for the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. The book contains songs relating to sit-ins, freedom rides, voter registration and other contentious issues. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54.1976. Acc.2011.469. ","\"And People All Around\" Playbill. An undated playbill for a performance written by George Sklar. The play reminds viewers on the Negro Revolution in 1964, the killings of three negro boys in Mississippi, and the civil rights march on Washington. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PS3531.E826A52. Acc.2011.268. ","The Communist Position on the Negro Question. This booklet contains excerpts from the major speeches in discussion of the \"Negro question\" at the plenary meeting of the National Committee of the Communist Party. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.C752 1947. Acc.2011.467. ","The Path of Negro Liberation. Pamphlet written by Benjamin J. Davis, who argues that the Communist Party of the United States believe in the unconditional political, social, and economic equality in all aspects of American life. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.D314 1947. Acc.2011.468. ","The Struggle Against White Chauvinism. Booklet written by Elizabeth Lawson and published by the New York State Education Department of the Communist Party. The booklet defines chauvinism and its effect on race and gender relations within the United States. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E.185.61.2376 1949. Acc.2011.467. ","Next Steps in the Struggle for Negro Freedom. This booklet, written by Hugh Bradley, was a report delivered at the National Conference of the Communist Party. Bradley discussed black military involvement, fair employment, and the corruption of the American government. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B785 1953. Acc.2011.468. ","The Negro People on the March. This booklet, written by Benjamin J. Davis, was a report to the National Committee of the Communist Party. Davis states that the fight for \"Negro\" freedom is at its height and that the black race must be given economic and political equality. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.6.D38 1956. Acc.2011.467. ","\"Why Join,\" The John Birch Society. This pamphlet promotes and describes the John Birch Society. The Society believes in small government and writes that most of the historic happenings within the Civil Rights Movement were Communist conspiracies. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E740.J6W45.1968. Acc.2011.467. ","Busing and the Democratic Struggle in Boston. This booklet was published by the Proletarian Unity League, a Communist organization dedicated to creating a strong Communist Party. They believe that white opportunism in the fundamental threat to the construction of a Revolutionary party. The booklet mostly focuses on the integration of public transportation. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book LC214.53.B67P76 1975. Acc.2011.467. Acc.2011.467. ","Freedom is Everybody's Job: \" The Crime of the Government Against the Negro People, 1949. This pamphlet, written by George W. Crockett, Jr., was a summation in the trail of the 11 Communist leaders. The pamphlet argues that the Communist Party has the right to free speech and therefore cannot be outlawed. Crockett argues that the Communist support for Civil Rights is a reason why the Communist Party is ridiculed. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HX87.C7.1949b. ","The CIO and the Negro Worker, 1942. This pamphlet argues against discrimination in the workplace. The CIO fights for equal employment of all people, races, and religions. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.8.C56 1942. Acc.2011.467. ","\"Out of the Jungle\", 1943. The Packinghouse Workers Fight for Justice and Equality. This book is a pictorial history of the Packinghouse Workers Union, which fought for racial justice, fair pay, and equality in the meat packing industry. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD6515.P14073. Acc.2011.268","Roll the Union On, 1987. This book is a pictorial history of the Southern Tenant Farmers' Union, told by its co-founder H.L. Mitchell. The Union fought for the end of lynching, a safe workplace, and equal rights for African American and white workers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD1511.U5M573 1987. Acc.2011.467","Blaxploitation Cinema Pressbooks and Posters, 1968-1976. Currently unprocessed material. 2014.194 and oversize material.","Indian Legends, 1994. This book includes old Native American stories and tales. Each story is also illustrated in black and white or color. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E98.F6I33.","\"The Klan Today\". This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Books HS2330.K63.K58","The Aryan Views: White Folk News. \"The Attitude of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan\" pamphlets. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.A13. ","\"The Kourier,\" a booklet of the Klan's version of the History of the United States and the Klan's opinions on \"un-American\" activities such as communism and parochial schools, and the Aryan Views and White Folk News Paper, also promoting racial intolerance. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.K69 v.11 no. 8, July 1935 copy.","Old Doc Gags, \"Funster\" Number Two:: A Collection of Fun, Fables, Foolishness, Farce and Fibs. Copyright 1925 by Charles H. Ubert. The joke book includes anti-immigration and anti-Semitic content. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PN616.O48 1925.","The racial and ethnic ephemera collection contains various materials regarding race, ethnicity, and racism in the United States. The collection includes papers and items that promote racial prejudice and propaganda. The collection also contains items and papers that exemplify the fight for civil and equal rights. African Americans are the most broadly represented group in the collection. Other ethnic groups include Native Americans, Asian Americans, Jewish Americans, Muslim Americans, and Cuban Americans. Ku Klux Klan pamphlets and anti-immigration publications are also included. Through this collection, the American struggle of racism and prejudice is realized.","Included are published items like travel guides, joke books, song books, story books, programs and handbills, comic strips, a yearbook, election fliers, political publications, pamphlets and calendars.","This fFolder contains three envelopes: Union patriotic envelope depicting a black man picking cotton, titled \"One of the Rebels\", (Acc.2014.123), Union patriotic envelope of a slave dressed as the \"King of the South,\" (Acc. 2014.124), Union patriotic envelope with a map of the south (Acc. 2014.125).","A booklet of twenty minor dramas, extravaganzas, and farces for the amateur stage. The plays contain stereotypical typecasting of African Americans.","A story book entitled \"The Ten Little Niggers,\" with stereotypical illustrations. The layout of the book is similar to that of \"Ten Little Indians.\"","This songbook features stereotypical illustrations of African Americans including pompous dresses and large lips.","This joke book features jokes that promote racism and a negative view of African Americans. The jokes are also anti-immigration and misogynistic.","The scrapbook dates from the late 1800's. The pictures in the book vary, from paintings of flowers to advertising cards for household items. One page in the book features several stereotypical images of African Americans. Pictures of monkeys are also placed on this page, therefore stating that they are one in the same.","Advertising trade cards that contain stereotypically racist images of African Americans. The cards are for a clothier. The folder also contains an advertisement for Jos. J. Foley, Tailor, Boston MA, which has a November 1908 calendar alongside an illustration of African American children swinging and climbing trees.","This folder contains multiple advertising cards. The items advertised include soaps, clothing, and household goods. The cards contain stereotypical images of African Americans.","This folder contains advertising cards that depict African Americans in a negative light. Common features are large lips and flouncy outfits. The sketches on the cards often have little to do with the product being advertised.","Stereotypical black representations on three advertising trade cards. The cards for pancake batter and clothes depict African Americans with large eyes and mouths along with other stereotypical features.","Advertising cards for a clothier. The cards depict an African American man trying to command and then falling off a horse-drawn wagon.","Advertisement card for Old Virginia Cheroots from the American Tobacco Company. The advertisement has a sketch of an African American man.","Advertising label for Old Black Joe's blackeyed peas, showing a black man with a white beard.","Sketch for \"The Connoisseurs\", a popular advertising image for Cream of Wheat. The painting features a black man in a chef's hat, teaching a child about the taste and health benefits of cream of wheat.","Print of the painting by Edward V. Brewer entitled \"The Connoisseurs\" for the Cream of Wheat Company. The painting features an African American man in a chef costume tasting Cream of Wheat along with an African American boy in an apron and chef hat. Oversize item.","Five cards that have negative, stereotypical images of African Americans. Images include a black woman being compared to a donkey and young men playing craps.","Set of 22 racist postcards. Features include large lips and big eyes. Images also include depictions of African Americans stealing goods. Other cards include cartooned drawings of African Americans in flouncy clothing.","Set of 42 cards with racist imagery. Images include cartooned sketches of African Americans with big eyes and over exaggerated lips. Images depict African Americans as lazy and inept. They are shown stealing chickens, eating watermelon, and improperly serving white people.","A postcard with an image of an African American boy with a large mouth, kneeling next to two watermelons","Set of eight postcards that have negative, stereotypical sketches of African Americans. Images include women with large behinds, boys eating watermelon, and men with large lips.","This folder contains five racist postcards. They contain images including boys eating watermelon and a cartooned black man stealing a chicken.","Set of three postcards and a pamphlet entitled \"Fun on the Run.\" The \"Fun on the Run\" pamphlet includes several racist and sexist caricatures.","Postcard containing an image of a cartooned black man and woman. The man has large lips and torn clothing. The woman's features are exaggerated.","This souvenir features common images of African Americans in the south, including picking cotton, eating watermelon, and playing the fiddle.","This folder contains three Happy Birthday and one Christmas card. The cards contain cartooned sketches of African Americans, with factors such as large lips and big eyes. One happy birthday card has a sketch of three black women riding in a large watermelon.","This folder contains numerous happy birthday cards featuring cartooned sketches of African American girls. The girls' features include large eyes and curly hair.","Cards that promote the seven principles of Kwanzaa.","Publications from the Jim Crow era.","This is a book of rag-time melodies, which includes advertisements, sheet music, and lyrics.","This item is the yearbook of the African American high school in Essex County, Virginia. The yearbook includes photographs, poems, and advertisements.","This travel guide of \"negro\" hotels was published by Afro-American Newspapers. The guide includes a map of the East Coast and advertisements from multiple hotels.","Two advertisements promoting performances by African American musicians and artists.","The folder contains an item promoting the Lost Cause ideology, which conveys nostalgia for the Confederacy prior to the Civil War. Confederate norms are presented in the best possible light. ","Natchez Pilgrimage Brochure, 1955 March 31, invites people to celebrate the Old South by touring Antebellum mansions in Natchez, Mississippi. The brochure contains multiple photographs and descriptions of the old Antebellum mansion. (Acc.2012.278)","This folder contains publications celebrating the accomplishments and contributions of African Americans.","The booklet describes the history and curricula of Hampton Institute, now Hampton University.","The multiple brochures feature African American jubilee singers and performers.","This brochure is for the Negro History Society of the Hampton Institute and their presentation of singer Dorothy Maynor.","This calendar features the stories of famous African American inventors, politicians, and scholars.","This flyer promotes the election of Arthur H. Vandenberg as senator of Michigan. It states that Vandenberg promises to outlaw the poll tax and favors an anti-lynching law. Vandenberg promises to support African American causes if elected.","These comic strips promote racial tolerance. One comic entitled \"Stand Up For Sportsmanship,\" features Batman stopping a fight between two boys, one white and one black. When Batman asks what happened, he discovers they're fighting because the white boy doesn't want the black boy to play with them because \"he don't belong, he ain't a real American.\" Batman responds with a lesson about racial tolerance, saying \"don't believe the crackpot lies about people who worship differently, or whose skin is of a different color, or whose parents come from another country... a nation divided by prejudice is like a football team without teamwork.\" The next one, featuring Batman, teaches the reader that a country divided by racial prejudice is the same as a football team without teamwork. The next comic encourages a baseball team to be accepting of players of different ethnicity. The last comic, featuring superman, promotes both racial and religious tolerance.","Reprint of an article from the American Legion magazine concerns the buying of Negro votes.","This folder includes a pamphlet published by the Independent Socialist Club promoting the black power movement.","This pamphlet entitled \"Here's Proof of the Red Pro-Negro Plot Against South \u0026 USA.\" argues that communist are trying to stir up trouble between white and black races, promoting racial mixing, and eventually want to control America. Pamphlet includes a map of the south, which it states Communist want to turn into a Negro Communist Soviet.","This flyier shows a picture of Martin Luther King, Jr. and other Civil Rights leaders at a supposed Communist training school. The flier states that these leaders have brought tension, disturbance, and violence while trying to promote these Communist ideals.","This booklet was published by Robert Welch. He argues that the \"negro\" population is much better off than populations around the globe. He also states that the population has made great strides in the last hundred years. Welch believes that the Communists are trying to turn black people against white people in America.","This pamphlet was printed by the Communist Party of Cleveland.  The pamphlet states that black and white people work side and side, and therefore black and white children should be able to learn and live with each other.","A pamphlet from the Communist Party of California.","An editorial from the Monroe, La. Morning World, concerns the author's fears that the United Nations is secretly a Communist plot.","A flyer created by the Bay Area Revoluntionary Union concerning streets that are still occupied by the National Guard.","A pamphlet subtitled \"a voice and vote for every member in the UAW-CIO regardless of race, color or creed.\" The pamphlet states that whites and \"negroes\" are all members of the same family and should be employed to the same end. The UAW-CIO promotes the hiring of \"negroes\" in all fields.","A Labor Education Fund pamphlet.","This pamphlet by Angelo Herndon describes the hardship of working in a southern mining town. Herndon describes how he fought the system and promoted fair pay to working class citizens.","The themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans.","52 playing cards from the game \"In Dixie-Land\". Copyrighted 1896, L.D. Baldwin, by The Fireside Game Co. The instructions are missing.","This folder contains a set of playing cards. The cards have a sketch and a brief biological summary of influential African American inventors, politicians, musicians, and activists. Rules for the game are included.","This board game is a racially based Monopoly style game. White players are allowed to buy properties throughout the board while black players are restricted to center areas. The game exemplifies the difficulties of living in a racially segregated housing market. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B5 1970.","The game, which portrays public welfare and its recipients in a negative light, caused immediate controversy upon its publication. It was also perceived as racist and sexist and government agencies appealed to retailers to pull it off the shelves.","This game is a quiz and trivia style game. The game tests players' knowledge of black athletes, musicians, and activists. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.96.F67 1988","This board game tests players' knowledge of African American achievement in history, patents, inventions, sports, and entertainment. There is also a category of questions titled black awareness. Players answer questions to move along on a board, through the struggles of slavery and Jim Crow, eventually arriving back in Africa.","This game is a game of dice where players role to turn over face cards number one through twelve. The cards and box feature racist imagery, including African Americans with bulging eyes and huge lips.","This board game is a trivia style game which tests players' knowledge of African American history. Players answer questions to receive an associates, bachelors, masters, and doctorate in black studies. The word \"funda\" comes from an African language and means to instruct.","Five various cards and Valentine's featuring caricatures of African Americans. Most of the cards depict the individuals with over exaggerated features and stereotypes, such as one card showing an African American eating watermelon.","20 caricature and three photograph postcards of African Americans. Most of the caricature postcards feature stereotypical cartoons and captions of African Americans. The photographs show African Americans tilling in cotton fields and posing outside dilapidated homes.","Three stereoviews showing African Americans picking cotton in Georgia and Mississippi cotton fields and sugar cane in Peurto Rico. The views were produced by Underwood and Underwood, and the Keystone Viewing Company.","This box contains VHS tapes that are notable for the original video cases. Most of the movies are from the Blaxploitation genre, a controversial film movement. Blaxploitation films contained many common stereotypes. The black community is often portrayed as violent and drug related. However, some people believed the films were examples of black expression and power.","This film features a young man who accidently kills his brother and then becomes a preacher to seek amends.","This fFilm features gang life in Harlem, New York.","The film features two men who work in Harlem. They get sent on a wild goose chase looking for money hidden in a barrel of cotton.","The film features a Harlem private eye hired to save teenagers kidnapped by the Mafia.","This film features a Harlem drug-dealer who wants to make one last sell before quitting the cocaine business.","The film features Cleopatra Jones, drug traffickers' deadliest enemy.","The film takes Bruce Lee to the island fortress of a criminal warlord, whom Bruce Lee must overcome.","This film features Dracula's bloodbrother, Blacula.","The film features black CIA recruits from Chicago who become freedom fighters after their military training.","The fFilm features Pop Boyd, a martial arts champion who opens a studio on land that the Mafia wants to use as a headquarters.","This fFilm features two ex-Vietnam soldiers who pursue the elite drug dealing industries.","This film features a young black man who seeks revenge when he is arrested on false charges.","The f Film features black drug dealers, mobsters, and undercover cops.","In this sequel to Dolemite, Rudy Ray Moore flees to California, where he helps Queen Bee and her Kung-Fu girls battle a local gangster.","The film features a morally bankrupt man who can save his own life only if he marries the devil's ugly daughter.","The film features a man who owns a disco and declares war on the producers of Angel Dust, a drug corrupting his nephew.","This film features a man who seeks revenge on his girlfriend's killer.","This fFilm features a Detroit police sergeant who is pitted against brutal thugs.","The film features friends who are hiding from the mob and hunting a gangster boss, who rigged a karate tournament.","The fFilm features a man, just recently released from prison, who uses brains and muscles to survive in the city.","The fFilm features the Black Dragon, who teams up with kung fu dynamo Dragon Lee as they take on the Korean and Japanese mafias.","The film features a man named Blade, who is the last hope for humanity, when a bloodthirsty lord declares war on the human race.","The fFilm features a vampire slayer who fights to save humanity.","The fFilm features a gang who goes from rags to riches, and then fights a knife-wielding, car stealing leprechaun.","This film is the third in a trilogy. It features a vampire hunter who must join forces with a clan of other hunters to find and defeat Dracula.","The Great Cataract or Waterfall of Niagara in North America, This folder contains a copperplate engraving of Niagara Falls on paper. The image depicts a group of Native Americans showing Europeans the beauty of the falls. In the background, there are several Native Americans hauling large stones.","Powhatan Applesauce Label. \nThis folder contains an advertising label for apple sauce named after the famed Native American chiefdom, the Powhatan. The advertisement includes a sketch of a Native American with a colorful head band and feather in his hair.","Iron King Cook Calendar. \nThis calendar features a scene in which white settlers shot Native Americans while hiding behind a large iron king stove.","Set of 12 postcards that feature oil paintings of Native American imagery. The cards depict a variety of different scenes, including an Indian camp, a hunted buffalo, a tepee, and an Indian carrying an American flag after Custer's Last Stand. The postcards have a short description of each portrayed scene.","Set of 28 postcards featuring images of Native Americans. The postcards represent tribes from all over the country, from the Iroquois to the Hopi. Common images are war dances and dwellings such as tepees and long houses. Many of the postcards have short descriptions of the scenes on the back.","Set of 90 postcards that portray Indian life in the south western United States. Images include young girls and boys, Indians in traditional tribal outfits, mountains, canyons, and pueblo houses.","This folder includes a souvenir folder that contains a description and multiple illustrations of Indian chiefs. The chiefs depicted are all from Western tribes, including the Pueblos, Navajos, Apache, Sioux, and Blackfoot. The description states that the Pueblos are the most civilized of the nations. The illustrations include portraits of the leaders as well as scenes of the leaders in the picturesque mountains of the west.","This folder includes a souvenir folder that describes and illustrates southwestern Native American life. The author notes that native life is \"primitive\" with little industry and machinery. The images contain various scenes, including a mother and child standing next to cactus brush, people gathered around a tepee, a pueblo village, and men creating wampum beads. Also depicted are images of natives performing a variety of crafts and chores.","Set of trading cards that contain negative imagery of Native Americans. Images include Native Americans being stabbed by white settler, a Native American man drinking too much, and misrepresentations of traditional Indian outfits.","The trading cards depict imagery of Native Americans, including totem poles, war dances, and stockades. The cards have images on one side, and a short description of the scene on the other.","Oversized trading that that have photographs and drawing of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other. This trading cards are housed separately due to their large size.","The trading cards have photographs and drawings of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other.","This set of 90 cards have images on one side of famous Native American leaders and of famous battles fought by various native tribes. The backside has a short, skewed description of historical events.","This folder contains a box of bridge tally cards. The cards have sketches of Native American people and scenery, along with the names and locations of different tribes.","The Wild West Gum cards contains 22 cards depicting colorized illustrations of Native Americans. The collection was part of a set of 24 cards manufactured by John H. Dockman and Son in the early twentieth century.","The Paragon Beef trading cards include negative images of Chinese men with long braids and stereotypical straw hats.","Series of advertising cards that promote the Chinese immigrant population in a negative way. Advertisers include Celluloid Corset Clasps, Kendall Manufacturing Company Soaps and Soapine, Henderson's Goods, and Gent's Furnishings and Fancy Goods Houses. The images depict Chinese men with long hair embarking on ships and men with over exaggerated eye features. The images often have little to do with the product being advertised.","Series of cards that depict a scene between two white boys and a Chinese man. The children pull the man's braid, snap it off, and project the Chinese man from his perch, thus solving the \"Chinese problem\". Another card shows Chinese men being bitten by a dog.","Set of cards that depict Asian Americans in negative ways. Images include men embarking on a boat for China, a sketch of Mun Wong, and a Chinese child holding an umbrella.","This Fourth of July postcard displays racist imagery towards Asian Americans. The card portrays an Asian woman running away from a fire cracker.","This comic strip includes stereotypical images of a Chinese man who entrapped his long braid in a rail road track.","This game includes a small box of sticks. Each player is to shake the box and the first stick that pops out is the one chosen. Each stick has a number, and the numbers correspond to a booklet that contains fortunes.","Series of two sided trading cards. One of the sides have images of aspects of Jewish life, such as lighting candles and dancing with the torah. The other sides have short bible verses and explanations of the images.","This game is an educational trivia game that features questions regarding different aspects of the Islamic Hajj. Categories include \"How to Perform Hajj,\" \"Places of Hajj,\" and \"General Questions on Hajj.\" The game is geared toward teaching children about the Muslim pilgrimage.","The postcard displays a derogatory image of a Cuban mother feeding her two small children, one of whom nurses from a goat.","Items in this folder include pamphlets instructing men on how to be good Klan members, a pamphlet regarding the Klan's attitude toward immigration, the Klan's attitude toward the Jew and other letters of propaganda.","This folder include meeting minutes from a chapter of the Klu Klux Klan in Elkton, Maryland. The folder also includes the obituary of klansmen Raymond C. Fronk.","This folder includes a pamphlet published by the Equal Rights Congress in a national effort to outlaw the Nazis and the Klu Klux Klan. The folder also contains fliers promoting integration and racial tolerance.","This folder includes a manuscript by an unknown author on the subject of foreign immigration into the United States of America. The author argues that foreign populations should be restricted from coming to the United States. The manuscript also discusses the various races and ethnicities that should be restricted, including the Irish, the Jewish population, Italians, and the African and Asian races. The document concludes with a list of prohibitions that the author would impose to keep the immigrant populations from entering the country.","This booklet is published by the Order United American Mechanics, a secret fraternity composed entirely of citizens born in the US.American citizens born. The booklet argues against competition for jobs with foreign-born immigrants.","Cards with images and phrases that promote racial and religious equality.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","John H. Dockman and Son.","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss 1.05","/repositories/2/resources/2502"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2007.80 was purchased 8/30/2007. Acc. 2007.81 was purchased 8/30/2007. Acc. 2008.32 was purchased 5/1/2008. Acc. 2008.46 was purchased 5/16/2008.   Acc. 2008.64 was purchased 6/9/2008. Acc. 2008.94 was purchased 9/10/2008. Acc. 2008.95 was purchased 9/10/20008. Acc. 2008.159 was purchased 12/19/2008. Acc. 2009.063 was purchased on 2/24/2009. Acc. 2009.036 was purchased on 1/19/2009. Acc. 2009.147 was purchased on 4/6/2009. Acc. 2009.151 was purchased on 3/30/2009. Acc. 2009.180 was purchased on 4/29/2009. Acc. 2009.181 was purchased on 4/29/2009. Acc. 2009.226 was purchased on 5/25/2009. Acc. 2009.235 was purchased on 5/31/2009. Acc. 2009.305 was purchased on 7/17/2009. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member. Acc. 2014.123-Acc. 2014.125 purchased for Swem Library with support from the SCRC Donors Fund."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","African Americans in popular culture","African Americans in the performing arts","African Americans--Biography","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--History","African Americans--Suffrage","Antisemitism","Blaxploitation films -- United States","Chinese Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Chinese Americans--Legal status, laws, etc.--History","Communism--United States","Cuban Americans--Public opinion.","Indians of North America","Kwanzaa","Political cartoons","Race awareness--Simulation methods","Race discrimination--Simulation methods","Race relations--1960-1970","Race relations--United States--History--19th century","Race relations--United States--History--20th century","Role playing","Welfare recipients--Public opinion","Welfare--Caricatures and cartoons","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Advertising cards","Birthday cards","Board games (activities)","Board games (game sets)","Calendars","Card games (game sets)","Christmas cards","Collecting cards","Comic strips","Fliers (printed matter)","Greeting cards","Plays (document genre)","Postcards","Reprints","Satires (document genre)","Sheet music","Songbooks","Stereoscopic photographs","VHS (TM)","Yearbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","African Americans in popular culture","African Americans in the performing arts","African Americans--Biography","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","African Americans--Education--Virginia","African Americans--History","African Americans--Suffrage","Antisemitism","Blaxploitation films -- United States","Chinese Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Chinese Americans--Legal status, laws, etc.--History","Communism--United States","Cuban Americans--Public opinion.","Indians of North America","Kwanzaa","Political cartoons","Race awareness--Simulation methods","Race discrimination--Simulation methods","Race relations--1960-1970","Race relations--United States--History--19th century","Race relations--United States--History--20th century","Role playing","Welfare recipients--Public opinion","Welfare--Caricatures and cartoons","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Advertising cards","Birthday cards","Board games (activities)","Board games (game sets)","Calendars","Card games (game sets)","Christmas cards","Collecting cards","Comic strips","Fliers (printed matter)","Greeting cards","Plays (document genre)","Postcards","Reprints","Satires (document genre)","Sheet music","Songbooks","Stereoscopic photographs","VHS (TM)","Yearbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertising cards","Birthday cards","Board games (activities)","Board games (game sets)","Calendars","Card games (game sets)","Christmas cards","Collecting cards","Comic strips","Fliers (printed matter)","Greeting cards","Plays (document genre)","Postcards","Reprints","Satires (document genre)","Sheet music","Songbooks","Stereoscopic photographs","VHS (TM)","Yearbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions are being made to this collection on an ongoing basis.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions are being made to this collection on an ongoing basis."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by race and/or ethnicity. The series are African American, Native American, Asian American, Jewish American, Muslim American, Cuban American, Ku Klux Klan, and Immigration and Discrimination. The contents for each series are grouped by material type and ordered chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by race and/or ethnicity. The series are African American, Native American, Asian American, Jewish American, Muslim American, Cuban American, Ku Klux Klan, and Immigration and Discrimination. The contents for each series are grouped by material type and ordered chronologically."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRacial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2011.633, Acc. 2011.635, Acc. 2011.637 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2011. Full finding aid created in March 2015 and revised in December 2017 by Special Collections staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2014.194\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc. 2011.633, Acc. 2011.635, Acc. 2011.637 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2011. Full finding aid created in March 2015 and revised in December 2017 by Special Collections staff.","Acc. 2014.194"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIngersol View Company Stereographs, Comic Series #2\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated materials, such as rare books, are recorded at the folder level. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also: individual titles in the Manuscript Sheet Music Collection (Mss. 1.07), Box 48, and individual items in the Manuscript Artifact Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor similar material relating to race, ethnicity, and racism outside of the United States, see the Ephemera Collection, Mss. 1.02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForeign publications: Rund Um Afrika, a booklet written in German by Gustav Petermann. The content details travels from Germany throughout Africa, visiting sites such as Kruger National Park, Victoria Falls, and Fort Christiansburg. The booklet contains many photographs and animals, buildings, and people. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book DT12.R86 3487058-1001. Acc.2012.207.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree Dension's Blackface Plays. Three different play scripts to be performed by white actors wearing black face. The plays highlight the perceived stupidity and ignorance of African Americans. These items are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37.1923, PN6120.N4.K37.1928, and PN6120.N4.K37.1931. Acc.2009.335. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA henpecked coon: darky monologue, 1923. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37 1923. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOld Doc Gags \"Funster\". Number Two: A collection of fun, fables, foolishness, farce, and fibs, 1925. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6161.O48 1925. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSongs and Spirituals of Negro Composition for Revivals and Congregational Singing. This item is a pamphlet of sheet music. The pamphlet also includes advertisements for home goods. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66. Acc.2009.324. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWe shall overcome! Songs of the Southern freedom movement, 1963. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.C2.W4. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow can we keep from singing! A contemporary songbook for liberal churches, fellowships, youth groups, and communal singing generally, 1976. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.H54.1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSongs and spirituals of Negro composition for revivals and congregational singing, 1921. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eModern Home Counseler. This book includes lessons, advice, and instructions on how to raise successful, happy, and obedient children. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books H83.M63. Acc. 2009.356. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Travelers Guide to Negro Monuments. This book details attractions around the United States that celebrate African Americans and their history. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books E185.53A53. Acc.2009.459. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe South Strikes Back, 1957. This booklet was written by Woodrow Boone and promotes the return of a more racially conservative society. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book PN6231.S485S68. Acc.2012.276.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Afro-American Historical Calendar, 1979. The calendar features famous African American musicians, officers, and performers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book E185.A38. Acc.2009.389. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNegroes in Our History Posters, undated. This collection of posters has a large sketch of famous African American musicians, politicians, and activists. The posters have a brief biographical sketch of each of the celebrated hero. The posters are cataloged as Rare Book E185.96.R78 folio. Acc.2008.163. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe People Versus Segregated Schools. This 1955 pamphlet promotes integration, anti-lynching laws, and equal pay for black and white workers. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.W54 1955. Acc.2011.268. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3 Lives for Mississippi. This 1965 book is the story of Mickey Schwerner, James Chaney and Andy Goodman, three men who were killed in Philadelphia, Mississippi by the Klu Klux Klan, while fighting racial justice and the rights of African American voters. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book F347.N4H8. Acc.2011.468. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSongs of the Southern Freedom Movement. A 1965 songbook promoting freedom, racial tolerance, and heritage. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54 1976. Acc.2009.315. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHow Can We Keep From Singing Songbook. This 1965 book entitled \"We Shall Overcome!\" was compiled by Guy and Candie Carawan for the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. The book contains songs relating to sit-ins, freedom rides, voter registration and other contentious issues. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54.1976. Acc.2011.469. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"And People All Around\" Playbill. An undated playbill for a performance written by George Sklar. The play reminds viewers on the Negro Revolution in 1964, the killings of three negro boys in Mississippi, and the civil rights march on Washington. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PS3531.E826A52. Acc.2011.268. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Communist Position on the Negro Question. This booklet contains excerpts from the major speeches in discussion of the \"Negro question\" at the plenary meeting of the National Committee of the Communist Party. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.C752 1947. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Path of Negro Liberation. Pamphlet written by Benjamin J. Davis, who argues that the Communist Party of the United States believe in the unconditional political, social, and economic equality in all aspects of American life. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.D314 1947. Acc.2011.468. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Struggle Against White Chauvinism. Booklet written by Elizabeth Lawson and published by the New York State Education Department of the Communist Party. The booklet defines chauvinism and its effect on race and gender relations within the United States. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E.185.61.2376 1949. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNext Steps in the Struggle for Negro Freedom. This booklet, written by Hugh Bradley, was a report delivered at the National Conference of the Communist Party. Bradley discussed black military involvement, fair employment, and the corruption of the American government. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B785 1953. Acc.2011.468. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Negro People on the March. This booklet, written by Benjamin J. Davis, was a report to the National Committee of the Communist Party. Davis states that the fight for \"Negro\" freedom is at its height and that the black race must be given economic and political equality. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.6.D38 1956. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Why Join,\" The John Birch Society. This pamphlet promotes and describes the John Birch Society. The Society believes in small government and writes that most of the historic happenings within the Civil Rights Movement were Communist conspiracies. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E740.J6W45.1968. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusing and the Democratic Struggle in Boston. This booklet was published by the Proletarian Unity League, a Communist organization dedicated to creating a strong Communist Party. They believe that white opportunism in the fundamental threat to the construction of a Revolutionary party. The booklet mostly focuses on the integration of public transportation. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book LC214.53.B67P76 1975. Acc.2011.467. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFreedom is Everybody's Job: \" The Crime of the Government Against the Negro People, 1949. This pamphlet, written by George W. Crockett, Jr., was a summation in the trail of the 11 Communist leaders. The pamphlet argues that the Communist Party has the right to free speech and therefore cannot be outlawed. Crockett argues that the Communist support for Civil Rights is a reason why the Communist Party is ridiculed. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HX87.C7.1949b. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe CIO and the Negro Worker, 1942. This pamphlet argues against discrimination in the workplace. The CIO fights for equal employment of all people, races, and religions. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.8.C56 1942. Acc.2011.467. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Out of the Jungle\", 1943. The Packinghouse Workers Fight for Justice and Equality. This book is a pictorial history of the Packinghouse Workers Union, which fought for racial justice, fair pay, and equality in the meat packing industry. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD6515.P14073. Acc.2011.268\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoll the Union On, 1987. This book is a pictorial history of the Southern Tenant Farmers' Union, told by its co-founder H.L. Mitchell. The Union fought for the end of lynching, a safe workplace, and equal rights for African American and white workers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD1511.U5M573 1987. Acc.2011.467\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlaxploitation Cinema Pressbooks and Posters, 1968-1976. Currently unprocessed material. 2014.194 and oversize material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndian Legends, 1994. This book includes old Native American stories and tales. Each story is also illustrated in black and white or color. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E98.F6I33.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Klan Today\". This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Books HS2330.K63.K58\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Aryan Views: White Folk News. \"The Attitude of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan\" pamphlets. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.A13. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Kourier,\" a booklet of the Klan's version of the History of the United States and the Klan's opinions on \"un-American\" activities such as communism and parochial schools, and the Aryan Views and White Folk News Paper, also promoting racial intolerance. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.K69 v.11 no. 8, July 1935 copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOld Doc Gags, \"Funster\" Number Two:: A Collection of Fun, Fables, Foolishness, Farce and Fibs. Copyright 1925 by Charles H. Ubert. The joke book includes anti-immigration and anti-Semitic content. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PN616.O48 1925.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Ingersol View Company Stereographs, Comic Series #2","Related materials, such as rare books, are recorded at the folder level. ","See also: individual titles in the Manuscript Sheet Music Collection (Mss. 1.07), Box 48, and individual items in the Manuscript Artifact Collection.","For similar material relating to race, ethnicity, and racism outside of the United States, see the Ephemera Collection, Mss. 1.02.","Foreign publications: Rund Um Afrika, a booklet written in German by Gustav Petermann. The content details travels from Germany throughout Africa, visiting sites such as Kruger National Park, Victoria Falls, and Fort Christiansburg. The booklet contains many photographs and animals, buildings, and people. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book DT12.R86 3487058-1001. Acc.2012.207.","Three Dension's Blackface Plays. Three different play scripts to be performed by white actors wearing black face. The plays highlight the perceived stupidity and ignorance of African Americans. These items are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37.1923, PN6120.N4.K37.1928, and PN6120.N4.K37.1931. Acc.2009.335. ","A henpecked coon: darky monologue, 1923. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6120.N4.K37 1923. ","Old Doc Gags \"Funster\". Number Two: A collection of fun, fables, foolishness, farce, and fibs, 1925. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as PN6161.O48 1925. ","Songs and Spirituals of Negro Composition for Revivals and Congregational Singing. This item is a pamphlet of sheet music. The pamphlet also includes advertisements for home goods. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66. Acc.2009.324. ","We shall overcome! Songs of the Southern freedom movement, 1963. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.C2.W4. ","How can we keep from singing! A contemporary songbook for liberal churches, fellowships, youth groups, and communal singing generally, 1976. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1629.H54.1976.","Songs and spirituals of Negro composition for revivals and congregational singing, 1921. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books M1670.S66.","Modern Home Counseler. This book includes lessons, advice, and instructions on how to raise successful, happy, and obedient children. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books H83.M63. Acc. 2009.356. ","American Travelers Guide to Negro Monuments. This book details attractions around the United States that celebrate African Americans and their history. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books E185.53A53. Acc.2009.459. ","The South Strikes Back, 1957. This booklet was written by Woodrow Boone and promotes the return of a more racially conservative society. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book PN6231.S485S68. Acc.2012.276.","The Afro-American Historical Calendar, 1979. The calendar features famous African American musicians, officers, and performers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Book E185.A38. Acc.2009.389. ","Negroes in Our History Posters, undated. This collection of posters has a large sketch of famous African American musicians, politicians, and activists. The posters have a brief biographical sketch of each of the celebrated hero. The posters are cataloged as Rare Book E185.96.R78 folio. Acc.2008.163. ","The People Versus Segregated Schools. This 1955 pamphlet promotes integration, anti-lynching laws, and equal pay for black and white workers. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.W54 1955. Acc.2011.268. ","3 Lives for Mississippi. This 1965 book is the story of Mickey Schwerner, James Chaney and Andy Goodman, three men who were killed in Philadelphia, Mississippi by the Klu Klux Klan, while fighting racial justice and the rights of African American voters. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book F347.N4H8. Acc.2011.468. ","Songs of the Southern Freedom Movement. A 1965 songbook promoting freedom, racial tolerance, and heritage. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54 1976. Acc.2009.315. ","How Can We Keep From Singing Songbook. This 1965 book entitled \"We Shall Overcome!\" was compiled by Guy and Candie Carawan for the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. The book contains songs relating to sit-ins, freedom rides, voter registration and other contentious issues. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book M1629.H54.1976. Acc.2011.469. ","\"And People All Around\" Playbill. An undated playbill for a performance written by George Sklar. The play reminds viewers on the Negro Revolution in 1964, the killings of three negro boys in Mississippi, and the civil rights march on Washington. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PS3531.E826A52. Acc.2011.268. ","The Communist Position on the Negro Question. This booklet contains excerpts from the major speeches in discussion of the \"Negro question\" at the plenary meeting of the National Committee of the Communist Party. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.C752 1947. Acc.2011.467. ","The Path of Negro Liberation. Pamphlet written by Benjamin J. Davis, who argues that the Communist Party of the United States believe in the unconditional political, social, and economic equality in all aspects of American life. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.D314 1947. Acc.2011.468. ","The Struggle Against White Chauvinism. Booklet written by Elizabeth Lawson and published by the New York State Education Department of the Communist Party. The booklet defines chauvinism and its effect on race and gender relations within the United States. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E.185.61.2376 1949. Acc.2011.467. ","Next Steps in the Struggle for Negro Freedom. This booklet, written by Hugh Bradley, was a report delivered at the National Conference of the Communist Party. Bradley discussed black military involvement, fair employment, and the corruption of the American government. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B785 1953. Acc.2011.468. ","The Negro People on the March. This booklet, written by Benjamin J. Davis, was a report to the National Committee of the Communist Party. Davis states that the fight for \"Negro\" freedom is at its height and that the black race must be given economic and political equality. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.6.D38 1956. Acc.2011.467. ","\"Why Join,\" The John Birch Society. This pamphlet promotes and describes the John Birch Society. The Society believes in small government and writes that most of the historic happenings within the Civil Rights Movement were Communist conspiracies. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E740.J6W45.1968. Acc.2011.467. ","Busing and the Democratic Struggle in Boston. This booklet was published by the Proletarian Unity League, a Communist organization dedicated to creating a strong Communist Party. They believe that white opportunism in the fundamental threat to the construction of a Revolutionary party. The booklet mostly focuses on the integration of public transportation. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book LC214.53.B67P76 1975. Acc.2011.467. Acc.2011.467. ","Freedom is Everybody's Job: \" The Crime of the Government Against the Negro People, 1949. This pamphlet, written by George W. Crockett, Jr., was a summation in the trail of the 11 Communist leaders. The pamphlet argues that the Communist Party has the right to free speech and therefore cannot be outlawed. Crockett argues that the Communist support for Civil Rights is a reason why the Communist Party is ridiculed. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HX87.C7.1949b. ","The CIO and the Negro Worker, 1942. This pamphlet argues against discrimination in the workplace. The CIO fights for equal employment of all people, races, and religions. This item is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.8.C56 1942. Acc.2011.467. ","\"Out of the Jungle\", 1943. The Packinghouse Workers Fight for Justice and Equality. This book is a pictorial history of the Packinghouse Workers Union, which fought for racial justice, fair pay, and equality in the meat packing industry. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD6515.P14073. Acc.2011.268","Roll the Union On, 1987. This book is a pictorial history of the Southern Tenant Farmers' Union, told by its co-founder H.L. Mitchell. The Union fought for the end of lynching, a safe workplace, and equal rights for African American and white workers. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book HD1511.U5M573 1987. Acc.2011.467","Blaxploitation Cinema Pressbooks and Posters, 1968-1976. Currently unprocessed material. 2014.194 and oversize material.","Indian Legends, 1994. This book includes old Native American stories and tales. Each story is also illustrated in black and white or color. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E98.F6I33.","\"The Klan Today\". This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Books HS2330.K63.K58","The Aryan Views: White Folk News. \"The Attitude of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan\" pamphlets. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.A13. ","\"The Kourier,\" a booklet of the Klan's version of the History of the United States and the Klan's opinions on \"un-American\" activities such as communism and parochial schools, and the Aryan Views and White Folk News Paper, also promoting racial intolerance. This item is catalogued in the Swem Library online catalog Rare Books as HS2330.K6.K69 v.11 no. 8, July 1935 copy.","Old Doc Gags, \"Funster\" Number Two:: A Collection of Fun, Fables, Foolishness, Farce and Fibs. Copyright 1925 by Charles H. Ubert. The joke book includes anti-immigration and anti-Semitic content. This item is cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book PN616.O48 1925."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe racial and ethnic ephemera collection contains various materials regarding race, ethnicity, and racism in the United States. The collection includes papers and items that promote racial prejudice and propaganda. The collection also contains items and papers that exemplify the fight for civil and equal rights. African Americans are the most broadly represented group in the collection. Other ethnic groups include Native Americans, Asian Americans, Jewish Americans, Muslim Americans, and Cuban Americans. Ku Klux Klan pamphlets and anti-immigration publications are also included. Through this collection, the American struggle of racism and prejudice is realized.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are published items like travel guides, joke books, song books, story books, programs and handbills, comic strips, a yearbook, election fliers, political publications, pamphlets and calendars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis fFolder contains three envelopes: Union patriotic envelope depicting a black man picking cotton, titled \"One of the Rebels\", (Acc.2014.123), Union patriotic envelope of a slave dressed as the \"King of the South,\" (Acc. 2014.124), Union patriotic envelope with a map of the south (Acc. 2014.125).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA booklet of twenty minor dramas, extravaganzas, and farces for the amateur stage. The plays contain stereotypical typecasting of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA story book entitled \"The Ten Little Niggers,\" with stereotypical illustrations. The layout of the book is similar to that of \"Ten Little Indians.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis songbook features stereotypical illustrations of African Americans including pompous dresses and large lips.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis joke book features jokes that promote racism and a negative view of African Americans. The jokes are also anti-immigration and misogynistic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook dates from the late 1800's. The pictures in the book vary, from paintings of flowers to advertising cards for household items. One page in the book features several stereotypical images of African Americans. Pictures of monkeys are also placed on this page, therefore stating that they are one in the same.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertising trade cards that contain stereotypically racist images of African Americans. The cards are for a clothier. The folder also contains an advertisement for Jos. J. Foley, Tailor, Boston MA, which has a November 1908 calendar alongside an illustration of African American children swinging and climbing trees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains multiple advertising cards. The items advertised include soaps, clothing, and household goods. The cards contain stereotypical images of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains advertising cards that depict African Americans in a negative light. Common features are large lips and flouncy outfits. The sketches on the cards often have little to do with the product being advertised.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStereotypical black representations on three advertising trade cards. The cards for pancake batter and clothes depict African Americans with large eyes and mouths along with other stereotypical features.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertising cards for a clothier. The cards depict an African American man trying to command and then falling off a horse-drawn wagon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisement card for Old Virginia Cheroots from the American Tobacco Company. The advertisement has a sketch of an African American man.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertising label for Old Black Joe's blackeyed peas, showing a black man with a white beard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSketch for \"The Connoisseurs\", a popular advertising image for Cream of Wheat. The painting features a black man in a chef's hat, teaching a child about the taste and health benefits of cream of wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint of the painting by Edward V. Brewer entitled \"The Connoisseurs\" for the Cream of Wheat Company. The painting features an African American man in a chef costume tasting Cream of Wheat along with an African American boy in an apron and chef hat. Oversize item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive cards that have negative, stereotypical images of African Americans. Images include a black woman being compared to a donkey and young men playing craps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of 22 racist postcards. Features include large lips and big eyes. Images also include depictions of African Americans stealing goods. Other cards include cartooned drawings of African Americans in flouncy clothing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of 42 cards with racist imagery. Images include cartooned sketches of African Americans with big eyes and over exaggerated lips. Images depict African Americans as lazy and inept. They are shown stealing chickens, eating watermelon, and improperly serving white people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA postcard with an image of an African American boy with a large mouth, kneeling next to two watermelons\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of eight postcards that have negative, stereotypical sketches of African Americans. Images include women with large behinds, boys eating watermelon, and men with large lips.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains five racist postcards. They contain images including boys eating watermelon and a cartooned black man stealing a chicken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of three postcards and a pamphlet entitled \"Fun on the Run.\" The \"Fun on the Run\" pamphlet includes several racist and sexist caricatures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePostcard containing an image of a cartooned black man and woman. The man has large lips and torn clothing. The woman's features are exaggerated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis souvenir features common images of African Americans in the south, including picking cotton, eating watermelon, and playing the fiddle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains three Happy Birthday and one Christmas card. The cards contain cartooned sketches of African Americans, with factors such as large lips and big eyes. One happy birthday card has a sketch of three black women riding in a large watermelon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains numerous happy birthday cards featuring cartooned sketches of African American girls. The girls' features include large eyes and curly hair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCards that promote the seven principles of Kwanzaa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications from the Jim Crow era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a book of rag-time melodies, which includes advertisements, sheet music, and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is the yearbook of the African American high school in Essex County, Virginia. The yearbook includes photographs, poems, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis travel guide of \"negro\" hotels was published by Afro-American Newspapers. The guide includes a map of the East Coast and advertisements from multiple hotels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo advertisements promoting performances by African American musicians and artists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains an item promoting the Lost Cause ideology, which conveys nostalgia for the Confederacy prior to the Civil War. Confederate norms are presented in the best possible light. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNatchez Pilgrimage Brochure, 1955 March 31, invites people to celebrate the Old South by touring Antebellum mansions in Natchez, Mississippi. The brochure contains multiple photographs and descriptions of the old Antebellum mansion. (Acc.2012.278)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains publications celebrating the accomplishments and contributions of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe booklet describes the history and curricula of Hampton Institute, now Hampton University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe multiple brochures feature African American jubilee singers and performers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis brochure is for the Negro History Society of the Hampton Institute and their presentation of singer Dorothy Maynor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis calendar features the stories of famous African American inventors, politicians, and scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis flyer promotes the election of Arthur H. Vandenberg as senator of Michigan. It states that Vandenberg promises to outlaw the poll tax and favors an anti-lynching law. Vandenberg promises to support African American causes if elected.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese comic strips promote racial tolerance. One comic entitled \"Stand Up For Sportsmanship,\" features Batman stopping a fight between two boys, one white and one black. When Batman asks what happened, he discovers they're fighting because the white boy doesn't want the black boy to play with them because \"he don't belong, he ain't a real American.\" Batman responds with a lesson about racial tolerance, saying \"don't believe the crackpot lies about people who worship differently, or whose skin is of a different color, or whose parents come from another country... a nation divided by prejudice is like a football team without teamwork.\" The next one, featuring Batman, teaches the reader that a country divided by racial prejudice is the same as a football team without teamwork. The next comic encourages a baseball team to be accepting of players of different ethnicity. The last comic, featuring superman, promotes both racial and religious tolerance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprint of an article from the American Legion magazine concerns the buying of Negro votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a pamphlet published by the Independent Socialist Club promoting the black power movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis pamphlet entitled \"Here's Proof of the Red Pro-Negro Plot Against South \u0026amp; USA.\" argues that communist are trying to stir up trouble between white and black races, promoting racial mixing, and eventually want to control America. Pamphlet includes a map of the south, which it states Communist want to turn into a Negro Communist Soviet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis flyier shows a picture of Martin Luther King, Jr. and other Civil Rights leaders at a supposed Communist training school. The flier states that these leaders have brought tension, disturbance, and violence while trying to promote these Communist ideals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis booklet was published by Robert Welch. He argues that the \"negro\" population is much better off than populations around the globe. He also states that the population has made great strides in the last hundred years. Welch believes that the Communists are trying to turn black people against white people in America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis pamphlet was printed by the Communist Party of Cleveland.  The pamphlet states that black and white people work side and side, and therefore black and white children should be able to learn and live with each other.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA pamphlet from the Communist Party of California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn editorial from the Monroe, La. Morning World, concerns the author's fears that the United Nations is secretly a Communist plot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA flyer created by the Bay Area Revoluntionary Union concerning streets that are still occupied by the National Guard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA pamphlet subtitled \"a voice and vote for every member in the UAW-CIO regardless of race, color or creed.\" The pamphlet states that whites and \"negroes\" are all members of the same family and should be employed to the same end. The UAW-CIO promotes the hiring of \"negroes\" in all fields.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Labor Education Fund pamphlet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis pamphlet by Angelo Herndon describes the hardship of working in a southern mining town. Herndon describes how he fought the system and promoted fair pay to working class citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e52 playing cards from the game \"In Dixie-Land\". Copyrighted 1896, L.D. Baldwin, by The Fireside Game Co. The instructions are missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a set of playing cards. The cards have a sketch and a brief biological summary of influential African American inventors, politicians, musicians, and activists. Rules for the game are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis board game is a racially based Monopoly style game. White players are allowed to buy properties throughout the board while black players are restricted to center areas. The game exemplifies the difficulties of living in a racially segregated housing market. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B5 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe game, which portrays public welfare and its recipients in a negative light, caused immediate controversy upon its publication. It was also perceived as racist and sexist and government agencies appealed to retailers to pull it off the shelves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis game is a quiz and trivia style game. The game tests players' knowledge of black athletes, musicians, and activists. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.96.F67 1988\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis board game tests players' knowledge of African American achievement in history, patents, inventions, sports, and entertainment. There is also a category of questions titled black awareness. Players answer questions to move along on a board, through the struggles of slavery and Jim Crow, eventually arriving back in Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis game is a game of dice where players role to turn over face cards number one through twelve. The cards and box feature racist imagery, including African Americans with bulging eyes and huge lips.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis board game is a trivia style game which tests players' knowledge of African American history. Players answer questions to receive an associates, bachelors, masters, and doctorate in black studies. The word \"funda\" comes from an African language and means to instruct.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFive various cards and Valentine's featuring caricatures of African Americans. Most of the cards depict the individuals with over exaggerated features and stereotypes, such as one card showing an African American eating watermelon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 caricature and three photograph postcards of African Americans. Most of the caricature postcards feature stereotypical cartoons and captions of African Americans. The photographs show African Americans tilling in cotton fields and posing outside dilapidated homes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree stereoviews showing African Americans picking cotton in Georgia and Mississippi cotton fields and sugar cane in Peurto Rico. The views were produced by Underwood and Underwood, and the Keystone Viewing Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains VHS tapes that are notable for the original video cases. Most of the movies are from the Blaxploitation genre, a controversial film movement. Blaxploitation films contained many common stereotypes. The black community is often portrayed as violent and drug related. However, some people believed the films were examples of black expression and power.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film features a young man who accidently kills his brother and then becomes a preacher to seek amends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis fFilm features gang life in Harlem, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features two men who work in Harlem. They get sent on a wild goose chase looking for money hidden in a barrel of cotton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features a Harlem private eye hired to save teenagers kidnapped by the Mafia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film features a Harlem drug-dealer who wants to make one last sell before quitting the cocaine business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features Cleopatra Jones, drug traffickers' deadliest enemy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film takes Bruce Lee to the island fortress of a criminal warlord, whom Bruce Lee must overcome.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film features Dracula's bloodbrother, Blacula.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features black CIA recruits from Chicago who become freedom fighters after their military training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fFilm features Pop Boyd, a martial arts champion who opens a studio on land that the Mafia wants to use as a headquarters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis fFilm features two ex-Vietnam soldiers who pursue the elite drug dealing industries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film features a young black man who seeks revenge when he is arrested on false charges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe f Film features black drug dealers, mobsters, and undercover cops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this sequel to Dolemite, Rudy Ray Moore flees to California, where he helps Queen Bee and her Kung-Fu girls battle a local gangster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features a morally bankrupt man who can save his own life only if he marries the devil's ugly daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features a man who owns a disco and declares war on the producers of Angel Dust, a drug corrupting his nephew.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film features a man who seeks revenge on his girlfriend's killer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis fFilm features a Detroit police sergeant who is pitted against brutal thugs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features friends who are hiding from the mob and hunting a gangster boss, who rigged a karate tournament.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fFilm features a man, just recently released from prison, who uses brains and muscles to survive in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fFilm features the Black Dragon, who teams up with kung fu dynamo Dragon Lee as they take on the Korean and Japanese mafias.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe film features a man named Blade, who is the last hope for humanity, when a bloodthirsty lord declares war on the human race.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fFilm features a vampire slayer who fights to save humanity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fFilm features a gang who goes from rags to riches, and then fights a knife-wielding, car stealing leprechaun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis film is the third in a trilogy. It features a vampire hunter who must join forces with a clan of other hunters to find and defeat Dracula.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Great Cataract or Waterfall of Niagara in North America, This folder contains a copperplate engraving of Niagara Falls on paper. The image depicts a group of Native Americans showing Europeans the beauty of the falls. In the background, there are several Native Americans hauling large stones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowhatan Applesauce Label. \nThis folder contains an advertising label for apple sauce named after the famed Native American chiefdom, the Powhatan. The advertisement includes a sketch of a Native American with a colorful head band and feather in his hair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIron King Cook Calendar. \nThis calendar features a scene in which white settlers shot Native Americans while hiding behind a large iron king stove.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of 12 postcards that feature oil paintings of Native American imagery. The cards depict a variety of different scenes, including an Indian camp, a hunted buffalo, a tepee, and an Indian carrying an American flag after Custer's Last Stand. The postcards have a short description of each portrayed scene.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of 28 postcards featuring images of Native Americans. The postcards represent tribes from all over the country, from the Iroquois to the Hopi. Common images are war dances and dwellings such as tepees and long houses. Many of the postcards have short descriptions of the scenes on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of 90 postcards that portray Indian life in the south western United States. Images include young girls and boys, Indians in traditional tribal outfits, mountains, canyons, and pueblo houses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a souvenir folder that contains a description and multiple illustrations of Indian chiefs. The chiefs depicted are all from Western tribes, including the Pueblos, Navajos, Apache, Sioux, and Blackfoot. The description states that the Pueblos are the most civilized of the nations. The illustrations include portraits of the leaders as well as scenes of the leaders in the picturesque mountains of the west.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a souvenir folder that describes and illustrates southwestern Native American life. The author notes that native life is \"primitive\" with little industry and machinery. The images contain various scenes, including a mother and child standing next to cactus brush, people gathered around a tepee, a pueblo village, and men creating wampum beads. Also depicted are images of natives performing a variety of crafts and chores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of trading cards that contain negative imagery of Native Americans. Images include Native Americans being stabbed by white settler, a Native American man drinking too much, and misrepresentations of traditional Indian outfits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe trading cards depict imagery of Native Americans, including totem poles, war dances, and stockades. The cards have images on one side, and a short description of the scene on the other.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversized trading that that have photographs and drawing of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other. This trading cards are housed separately due to their large size.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe trading cards have photographs and drawings of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis set of 90 cards have images on one side of famous Native American leaders and of famous battles fought by various native tribes. The backside has a short, skewed description of historical events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a box of bridge tally cards. The cards have sketches of Native American people and scenery, along with the names and locations of different tribes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wild West Gum cards contains 22 cards depicting colorized illustrations of Native Americans. The collection was part of a set of 24 cards manufactured by John H. Dockman and Son in the early twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Paragon Beef trading cards include negative images of Chinese men with long braids and stereotypical straw hats.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries of advertising cards that promote the Chinese immigrant population in a negative way. Advertisers include Celluloid Corset Clasps, Kendall Manufacturing Company Soaps and Soapine, Henderson's Goods, and Gent's Furnishings and Fancy Goods Houses. The images depict Chinese men with long hair embarking on ships and men with over exaggerated eye features. The images often have little to do with the product being advertised.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries of cards that depict a scene between two white boys and a Chinese man. The children pull the man's braid, snap it off, and project the Chinese man from his perch, thus solving the \"Chinese problem\". Another card shows Chinese men being bitten by a dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSet of cards that depict Asian Americans in negative ways. Images include men embarking on a boat for China, a sketch of Mun Wong, and a Chinese child holding an umbrella.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis Fourth of July postcard displays racist imagery towards Asian Americans. The card portrays an Asian woman running away from a fire cracker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis comic strip includes stereotypical images of a Chinese man who entrapped his long braid in a rail road track.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis game includes a small box of sticks. Each player is to shake the box and the first stick that pops out is the one chosen. Each stick has a number, and the numbers correspond to a booklet that contains fortunes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries of two sided trading cards. One of the sides have images of aspects of Jewish life, such as lighting candles and dancing with the torah. The other sides have short bible verses and explanations of the images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis game is an educational trivia game that features questions regarding different aspects of the Islamic Hajj. Categories include \"How to Perform Hajj,\" \"Places of Hajj,\" and \"General Questions on Hajj.\" The game is geared toward teaching children about the Muslim pilgrimage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe postcard displays a derogatory image of a Cuban mother feeding her two small children, one of whom nurses from a goat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this folder include pamphlets instructing men on how to be good Klan members, a pamphlet regarding the Klan's attitude toward immigration, the Klan's attitude toward the Jew and other letters of propaganda.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder include meeting minutes from a chapter of the Klu Klux Klan in Elkton, Maryland. The folder also includes the obituary of klansmen Raymond C. Fronk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a pamphlet published by the Equal Rights Congress in a national effort to outlaw the Nazis and the Klu Klux Klan. The folder also contains fliers promoting integration and racial tolerance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a manuscript by an unknown author on the subject of foreign immigration into the United States of America. The author argues that foreign populations should be restricted from coming to the United States. The manuscript also discusses the various races and ethnicities that should be restricted, including the Irish, the Jewish population, Italians, and the African and Asian races. The document concludes with a list of prohibitions that the author would impose to keep the immigrant populations from entering the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis booklet is published by the Order United American Mechanics, a secret fraternity composed entirely of citizens born in the US.American citizens born. The booklet argues against competition for jobs with foreign-born immigrants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCards with images and phrases that promote racial and religious equality.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The racial and ethnic ephemera collection contains various materials regarding race, ethnicity, and racism in the United States. The collection includes papers and items that promote racial prejudice and propaganda. The collection also contains items and papers that exemplify the fight for civil and equal rights. African Americans are the most broadly represented group in the collection. Other ethnic groups include Native Americans, Asian Americans, Jewish Americans, Muslim Americans, and Cuban Americans. Ku Klux Klan pamphlets and anti-immigration publications are also included. Through this collection, the American struggle of racism and prejudice is realized.","Included are published items like travel guides, joke books, song books, story books, programs and handbills, comic strips, a yearbook, election fliers, political publications, pamphlets and calendars.","This fFolder contains three envelopes: Union patriotic envelope depicting a black man picking cotton, titled \"One of the Rebels\", (Acc.2014.123), Union patriotic envelope of a slave dressed as the \"King of the South,\" (Acc. 2014.124), Union patriotic envelope with a map of the south (Acc. 2014.125).","A booklet of twenty minor dramas, extravaganzas, and farces for the amateur stage. The plays contain stereotypical typecasting of African Americans.","A story book entitled \"The Ten Little Niggers,\" with stereotypical illustrations. The layout of the book is similar to that of \"Ten Little Indians.\"","This songbook features stereotypical illustrations of African Americans including pompous dresses and large lips.","This joke book features jokes that promote racism and a negative view of African Americans. The jokes are also anti-immigration and misogynistic.","The scrapbook dates from the late 1800's. The pictures in the book vary, from paintings of flowers to advertising cards for household items. One page in the book features several stereotypical images of African Americans. Pictures of monkeys are also placed on this page, therefore stating that they are one in the same.","Advertising trade cards that contain stereotypically racist images of African Americans. The cards are for a clothier. The folder also contains an advertisement for Jos. J. Foley, Tailor, Boston MA, which has a November 1908 calendar alongside an illustration of African American children swinging and climbing trees.","This folder contains multiple advertising cards. The items advertised include soaps, clothing, and household goods. The cards contain stereotypical images of African Americans.","This folder contains advertising cards that depict African Americans in a negative light. Common features are large lips and flouncy outfits. The sketches on the cards often have little to do with the product being advertised.","Stereotypical black representations on three advertising trade cards. The cards for pancake batter and clothes depict African Americans with large eyes and mouths along with other stereotypical features.","Advertising cards for a clothier. The cards depict an African American man trying to command and then falling off a horse-drawn wagon.","Advertisement card for Old Virginia Cheroots from the American Tobacco Company. The advertisement has a sketch of an African American man.","Advertising label for Old Black Joe's blackeyed peas, showing a black man with a white beard.","Sketch for \"The Connoisseurs\", a popular advertising image for Cream of Wheat. The painting features a black man in a chef's hat, teaching a child about the taste and health benefits of cream of wheat.","Print of the painting by Edward V. Brewer entitled \"The Connoisseurs\" for the Cream of Wheat Company. The painting features an African American man in a chef costume tasting Cream of Wheat along with an African American boy in an apron and chef hat. Oversize item.","Five cards that have negative, stereotypical images of African Americans. Images include a black woman being compared to a donkey and young men playing craps.","Set of 22 racist postcards. Features include large lips and big eyes. Images also include depictions of African Americans stealing goods. Other cards include cartooned drawings of African Americans in flouncy clothing.","Set of 42 cards with racist imagery. Images include cartooned sketches of African Americans with big eyes and over exaggerated lips. Images depict African Americans as lazy and inept. They are shown stealing chickens, eating watermelon, and improperly serving white people.","A postcard with an image of an African American boy with a large mouth, kneeling next to two watermelons","Set of eight postcards that have negative, stereotypical sketches of African Americans. Images include women with large behinds, boys eating watermelon, and men with large lips.","This folder contains five racist postcards. They contain images including boys eating watermelon and a cartooned black man stealing a chicken.","Set of three postcards and a pamphlet entitled \"Fun on the Run.\" The \"Fun on the Run\" pamphlet includes several racist and sexist caricatures.","Postcard containing an image of a cartooned black man and woman. The man has large lips and torn clothing. The woman's features are exaggerated.","This souvenir features common images of African Americans in the south, including picking cotton, eating watermelon, and playing the fiddle.","This folder contains three Happy Birthday and one Christmas card. The cards contain cartooned sketches of African Americans, with factors such as large lips and big eyes. One happy birthday card has a sketch of three black women riding in a large watermelon.","This folder contains numerous happy birthday cards featuring cartooned sketches of African American girls. The girls' features include large eyes and curly hair.","Cards that promote the seven principles of Kwanzaa.","Publications from the Jim Crow era.","This is a book of rag-time melodies, which includes advertisements, sheet music, and lyrics.","This item is the yearbook of the African American high school in Essex County, Virginia. The yearbook includes photographs, poems, and advertisements.","This travel guide of \"negro\" hotels was published by Afro-American Newspapers. The guide includes a map of the East Coast and advertisements from multiple hotels.","Two advertisements promoting performances by African American musicians and artists.","The folder contains an item promoting the Lost Cause ideology, which conveys nostalgia for the Confederacy prior to the Civil War. Confederate norms are presented in the best possible light. ","Natchez Pilgrimage Brochure, 1955 March 31, invites people to celebrate the Old South by touring Antebellum mansions in Natchez, Mississippi. The brochure contains multiple photographs and descriptions of the old Antebellum mansion. (Acc.2012.278)","This folder contains publications celebrating the accomplishments and contributions of African Americans.","The booklet describes the history and curricula of Hampton Institute, now Hampton University.","The multiple brochures feature African American jubilee singers and performers.","This brochure is for the Negro History Society of the Hampton Institute and their presentation of singer Dorothy Maynor.","This calendar features the stories of famous African American inventors, politicians, and scholars.","This flyer promotes the election of Arthur H. Vandenberg as senator of Michigan. It states that Vandenberg promises to outlaw the poll tax and favors an anti-lynching law. Vandenberg promises to support African American causes if elected.","These comic strips promote racial tolerance. One comic entitled \"Stand Up For Sportsmanship,\" features Batman stopping a fight between two boys, one white and one black. When Batman asks what happened, he discovers they're fighting because the white boy doesn't want the black boy to play with them because \"he don't belong, he ain't a real American.\" Batman responds with a lesson about racial tolerance, saying \"don't believe the crackpot lies about people who worship differently, or whose skin is of a different color, or whose parents come from another country... a nation divided by prejudice is like a football team without teamwork.\" The next one, featuring Batman, teaches the reader that a country divided by racial prejudice is the same as a football team without teamwork. The next comic encourages a baseball team to be accepting of players of different ethnicity. The last comic, featuring superman, promotes both racial and religious tolerance.","Reprint of an article from the American Legion magazine concerns the buying of Negro votes.","This folder includes a pamphlet published by the Independent Socialist Club promoting the black power movement.","This pamphlet entitled \"Here's Proof of the Red Pro-Negro Plot Against South \u0026 USA.\" argues that communist are trying to stir up trouble between white and black races, promoting racial mixing, and eventually want to control America. Pamphlet includes a map of the south, which it states Communist want to turn into a Negro Communist Soviet.","This flyier shows a picture of Martin Luther King, Jr. and other Civil Rights leaders at a supposed Communist training school. The flier states that these leaders have brought tension, disturbance, and violence while trying to promote these Communist ideals.","This booklet was published by Robert Welch. He argues that the \"negro\" population is much better off than populations around the globe. He also states that the population has made great strides in the last hundred years. Welch believes that the Communists are trying to turn black people against white people in America.","This pamphlet was printed by the Communist Party of Cleveland.  The pamphlet states that black and white people work side and side, and therefore black and white children should be able to learn and live with each other.","A pamphlet from the Communist Party of California.","An editorial from the Monroe, La. Morning World, concerns the author's fears that the United Nations is secretly a Communist plot.","A flyer created by the Bay Area Revoluntionary Union concerning streets that are still occupied by the National Guard.","A pamphlet subtitled \"a voice and vote for every member in the UAW-CIO regardless of race, color or creed.\" The pamphlet states that whites and \"negroes\" are all members of the same family and should be employed to the same end. The UAW-CIO promotes the hiring of \"negroes\" in all fields.","A Labor Education Fund pamphlet.","This pamphlet by Angelo Herndon describes the hardship of working in a southern mining town. Herndon describes how he fought the system and promoted fair pay to working class citizens.","The themes of these games range from satirizing to celebrating the progress and intellect of African Americans.","52 playing cards from the game \"In Dixie-Land\". Copyrighted 1896, L.D. Baldwin, by The Fireside Game Co. The instructions are missing.","This folder contains a set of playing cards. The cards have a sketch and a brief biological summary of influential African American inventors, politicians, musicians, and activists. Rules for the game are included.","This board game is a racially based Monopoly style game. White players are allowed to buy properties throughout the board while black players are restricted to center areas. The game exemplifies the difficulties of living in a racially segregated housing market. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.61.B5 1970.","The game, which portrays public welfare and its recipients in a negative light, caused immediate controversy upon its publication. It was also perceived as racist and sexist and government agencies appealed to retailers to pull it off the shelves.","This game is a quiz and trivia style game. The game tests players' knowledge of black athletes, musicians, and activists. The game is also cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog as Rare Book E185.96.F67 1988","This board game tests players' knowledge of African American achievement in history, patents, inventions, sports, and entertainment. There is also a category of questions titled black awareness. Players answer questions to move along on a board, through the struggles of slavery and Jim Crow, eventually arriving back in Africa.","This game is a game of dice where players role to turn over face cards number one through twelve. The cards and box feature racist imagery, including African Americans with bulging eyes and huge lips.","This board game is a trivia style game which tests players' knowledge of African American history. Players answer questions to receive an associates, bachelors, masters, and doctorate in black studies. The word \"funda\" comes from an African language and means to instruct.","Five various cards and Valentine's featuring caricatures of African Americans. Most of the cards depict the individuals with over exaggerated features and stereotypes, such as one card showing an African American eating watermelon.","20 caricature and three photograph postcards of African Americans. Most of the caricature postcards feature stereotypical cartoons and captions of African Americans. The photographs show African Americans tilling in cotton fields and posing outside dilapidated homes.","Three stereoviews showing African Americans picking cotton in Georgia and Mississippi cotton fields and sugar cane in Peurto Rico. The views were produced by Underwood and Underwood, and the Keystone Viewing Company.","This box contains VHS tapes that are notable for the original video cases. Most of the movies are from the Blaxploitation genre, a controversial film movement. Blaxploitation films contained many common stereotypes. The black community is often portrayed as violent and drug related. However, some people believed the films were examples of black expression and power.","This film features a young man who accidently kills his brother and then becomes a preacher to seek amends.","This fFilm features gang life in Harlem, New York.","The film features two men who work in Harlem. They get sent on a wild goose chase looking for money hidden in a barrel of cotton.","The film features a Harlem private eye hired to save teenagers kidnapped by the Mafia.","This film features a Harlem drug-dealer who wants to make one last sell before quitting the cocaine business.","The film features Cleopatra Jones, drug traffickers' deadliest enemy.","The film takes Bruce Lee to the island fortress of a criminal warlord, whom Bruce Lee must overcome.","This film features Dracula's bloodbrother, Blacula.","The film features black CIA recruits from Chicago who become freedom fighters after their military training.","The fFilm features Pop Boyd, a martial arts champion who opens a studio on land that the Mafia wants to use as a headquarters.","This fFilm features two ex-Vietnam soldiers who pursue the elite drug dealing industries.","This film features a young black man who seeks revenge when he is arrested on false charges.","The f Film features black drug dealers, mobsters, and undercover cops.","In this sequel to Dolemite, Rudy Ray Moore flees to California, where he helps Queen Bee and her Kung-Fu girls battle a local gangster.","The film features a morally bankrupt man who can save his own life only if he marries the devil's ugly daughter.","The film features a man who owns a disco and declares war on the producers of Angel Dust, a drug corrupting his nephew.","This film features a man who seeks revenge on his girlfriend's killer.","This fFilm features a Detroit police sergeant who is pitted against brutal thugs.","The film features friends who are hiding from the mob and hunting a gangster boss, who rigged a karate tournament.","The fFilm features a man, just recently released from prison, who uses brains and muscles to survive in the city.","The fFilm features the Black Dragon, who teams up with kung fu dynamo Dragon Lee as they take on the Korean and Japanese mafias.","The film features a man named Blade, who is the last hope for humanity, when a bloodthirsty lord declares war on the human race.","The fFilm features a vampire slayer who fights to save humanity.","The fFilm features a gang who goes from rags to riches, and then fights a knife-wielding, car stealing leprechaun.","This film is the third in a trilogy. It features a vampire hunter who must join forces with a clan of other hunters to find and defeat Dracula.","The Great Cataract or Waterfall of Niagara in North America, This folder contains a copperplate engraving of Niagara Falls on paper. The image depicts a group of Native Americans showing Europeans the beauty of the falls. In the background, there are several Native Americans hauling large stones.","Powhatan Applesauce Label. \nThis folder contains an advertising label for apple sauce named after the famed Native American chiefdom, the Powhatan. The advertisement includes a sketch of a Native American with a colorful head band and feather in his hair.","Iron King Cook Calendar. \nThis calendar features a scene in which white settlers shot Native Americans while hiding behind a large iron king stove.","Set of 12 postcards that feature oil paintings of Native American imagery. The cards depict a variety of different scenes, including an Indian camp, a hunted buffalo, a tepee, and an Indian carrying an American flag after Custer's Last Stand. The postcards have a short description of each portrayed scene.","Set of 28 postcards featuring images of Native Americans. The postcards represent tribes from all over the country, from the Iroquois to the Hopi. Common images are war dances and dwellings such as tepees and long houses. Many of the postcards have short descriptions of the scenes on the back.","Set of 90 postcards that portray Indian life in the south western United States. Images include young girls and boys, Indians in traditional tribal outfits, mountains, canyons, and pueblo houses.","This folder includes a souvenir folder that contains a description and multiple illustrations of Indian chiefs. The chiefs depicted are all from Western tribes, including the Pueblos, Navajos, Apache, Sioux, and Blackfoot. The description states that the Pueblos are the most civilized of the nations. The illustrations include portraits of the leaders as well as scenes of the leaders in the picturesque mountains of the west.","This folder includes a souvenir folder that describes and illustrates southwestern Native American life. The author notes that native life is \"primitive\" with little industry and machinery. The images contain various scenes, including a mother and child standing next to cactus brush, people gathered around a tepee, a pueblo village, and men creating wampum beads. Also depicted are images of natives performing a variety of crafts and chores.","Set of trading cards that contain negative imagery of Native Americans. Images include Native Americans being stabbed by white settler, a Native American man drinking too much, and misrepresentations of traditional Indian outfits.","The trading cards depict imagery of Native Americans, including totem poles, war dances, and stockades. The cards have images on one side, and a short description of the scene on the other.","Oversized trading that that have photographs and drawing of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other. This trading cards are housed separately due to their large size.","The trading cards have photographs and drawings of various Native American leaders. The cards have the image on one side, and a short biography of the leader on the other.","This set of 90 cards have images on one side of famous Native American leaders and of famous battles fought by various native tribes. The backside has a short, skewed description of historical events.","This folder contains a box of bridge tally cards. The cards have sketches of Native American people and scenery, along with the names and locations of different tribes.","The Wild West Gum cards contains 22 cards depicting colorized illustrations of Native Americans. The collection was part of a set of 24 cards manufactured by John H. Dockman and Son in the early twentieth century.","The Paragon Beef trading cards include negative images of Chinese men with long braids and stereotypical straw hats.","Series of advertising cards that promote the Chinese immigrant population in a negative way. Advertisers include Celluloid Corset Clasps, Kendall Manufacturing Company Soaps and Soapine, Henderson's Goods, and Gent's Furnishings and Fancy Goods Houses. The images depict Chinese men with long hair embarking on ships and men with over exaggerated eye features. The images often have little to do with the product being advertised.","Series of cards that depict a scene between two white boys and a Chinese man. The children pull the man's braid, snap it off, and project the Chinese man from his perch, thus solving the \"Chinese problem\". Another card shows Chinese men being bitten by a dog.","Set of cards that depict Asian Americans in negative ways. Images include men embarking on a boat for China, a sketch of Mun Wong, and a Chinese child holding an umbrella.","This Fourth of July postcard displays racist imagery towards Asian Americans. The card portrays an Asian woman running away from a fire cracker.","This comic strip includes stereotypical images of a Chinese man who entrapped his long braid in a rail road track.","This game includes a small box of sticks. Each player is to shake the box and the first stick that pops out is the one chosen. Each stick has a number, and the numbers correspond to a booklet that contains fortunes.","Series of two sided trading cards. One of the sides have images of aspects of Jewish life, such as lighting candles and dancing with the torah. The other sides have short bible verses and explanations of the images.","This game is an educational trivia game that features questions regarding different aspects of the Islamic Hajj. Categories include \"How to Perform Hajj,\" \"Places of Hajj,\" and \"General Questions on Hajj.\" The game is geared toward teaching children about the Muslim pilgrimage.","The postcard displays a derogatory image of a Cuban mother feeding her two small children, one of whom nurses from a goat.","Items in this folder include pamphlets instructing men on how to be good Klan members, a pamphlet regarding the Klan's attitude toward immigration, the Klan's attitude toward the Jew and other letters of propaganda.","This folder include meeting minutes from a chapter of the Klu Klux Klan in Elkton, Maryland. The folder also includes the obituary of klansmen Raymond C. Fronk.","This folder includes a pamphlet published by the Equal Rights Congress in a national effort to outlaw the Nazis and the Klu Klux Klan. The folder also contains fliers promoting integration and racial tolerance.","This folder includes a manuscript by an unknown author on the subject of foreign immigration into the United States of America. The author argues that foreign populations should be restricted from coming to the United States. The manuscript also discusses the various races and ethnicities that should be restricted, including the Irish, the Jewish population, Italians, and the African and Asian races. The document concludes with a list of prohibitions that the author would impose to keep the immigrant populations from entering the country.","This booklet is published by the Order United American Mechanics, a secret fraternity composed entirely of citizens born in the US.American citizens born. The booklet argues against competition for jobs with foreign-born immigrants.","Cards with images and phrases that promote racial and religious equality."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","John H. Dockman and Son."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","John H. Dockman and Son."],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":141,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:30:22.113Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2502_c01_c31"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Books and Other Printed Material","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBooks1-10\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["G. Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 10"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 10"],"text":["G. Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 10","Books and Other Printed Material","Box 10","Books1-10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Books and Other Printed Material","title_ssm":["Books and Other Printed Material"],"title_tesim":["Books and Other Printed Material"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1901/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Books and Other Printed Material"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2131,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"containers_ssim":["Box 10"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks1-10\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Books1-10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:55:28.351Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8730.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Mapp, G. Walter, Papers","title_ssm":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"title_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730"],"text":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730","G. Walter Mapp Papers","Virginia--Politics and government--20th century","Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","10,139 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name."," Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.","Arranged alphabetically by county.","George Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.","Following graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.","Mapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.","In his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.","G. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. ","Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame","See also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Papers, 1895-1935, of George Walter Mapp consisting chiefly his of personal and professional correspondence. Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. ","In addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. ","Prominent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.","Boxes1-8. Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.","Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","18 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","20 items.","1 item.","9 items.","2 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","5 items.","1 item.","5 items.","10 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","16 items.","1 item.","16 items.","18 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","6 items.","1 item.","3 items.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","8 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","3 items.","62 items.","14 items.","25 items.","14 items.","9 items.","1 item.","2 items.","10 items.","5 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","11 items.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","4 items.","4 items.","2 items.","3 items.","2 items.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","3 items.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","4 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","5 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","6 items.","6 items.","37 items.","14 items.","15 items.","8 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","19 items.","4 items.","10 items.","5 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","104 items.","5 items.","6 items.","12 items.","10 items.","11 items.","18 items.","20 items.","10 items.","9 items.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","5 items.","2 items.","1 item.","10 items.","1 item.","1 item.","Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.","6 items.","2 items.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","16 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","4 items.","1 item.","31 items.","5 items.","1 item.","14 items.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","6 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 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Letters give fatherly advice as well as local, state and family news.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate","Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"collection_ssim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creator_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creators_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. no. 84-17; Gift: 9,988 items, 1984. Acc. no. 1994.88; Gift: ca. 150 items, 1994. Acc. no. 1995.50; Gift: 1 item, 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10,139 items"],"extent_ssm":["11.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["11.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name."," Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.","Arranged alphabetically by county."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eG. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.","Following graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.","Mapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.","In his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.","G. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eG. Walter Mapp Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1895-1935, of George Walter Mapp consisting chiefly his of personal and professional correspondence. Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProminent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes1-8. Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 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Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1895-1935, of George Walter Mapp consisting chiefly his of personal and professional correspondence. Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. ","In addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. ","Prominent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.","Boxes1-8. 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Letters give fatherly advice as well as local, state and family news."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate","Mapp, G. 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Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 11"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 11"],"text":["G. Walter Mapp Papers","Series 5: Books, Other Printed Materials and Artifacts","Box 11","Books and Other Printed Materials","Box 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"Books and Other Printed Materials","title_ssm":["Books and Other Printed Materials"],"title_tesim":["Books and Other Printed Materials"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1901/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Books and Other Printed Materials"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2140,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"containers_ssim":["Box 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:55:28.351Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8730","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8730.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Mapp, G. Walter, Papers","title_ssm":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"title_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730"],"text":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730","G. Walter Mapp Papers","Virginia--Politics and government--20th century","Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","10,139 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name."," Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.","Arranged alphabetically by county.","George Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.","Following graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.","Mapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.","In his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.","G. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. ","Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame","See also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Papers, 1895-1935, of George Walter Mapp consisting chiefly his of personal and professional correspondence. Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. ","In addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. ","Prominent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.","Boxes1-8. Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.","Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","18 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","20 items.","1 item.","9 items.","2 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","5 items.","1 item.","5 items.","10 items.","1 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Material includes precinct lists, lists of voters, results of the primary, and telegrams.","15 items.","25 items.","27 items.","20 items.","21 items.","19 items.","33 items.","26 items.","21 items.","9 items.","20 items.","20 items.","19 items.","14 items.","16 items.","11 items.","8 items.","16 items.","21 items.","20 items.","5 items.","19 items.","5 items.","14 items.","17 items.","14 items.","13 items.","30 items.","17 items.","10 items.","9 items.","23 items.","10 items.","19 items.","8 items.","14 items.","12 items.","17 items.","19 items.","12 items.","13 items.","13 items.","58 items.","20 items.","18 items.","20 items.","79 items.","26 items.","24 items.","29 items.","77 items.","22 items.","27 items.","28 items.","84 items.","27 items.","16 items.","21 items.","20 items.","54 items.","19 items.","17 items.","15 items.","13 items.","97 items.","20 items.","21 items.","30 items.","26 items.","147 items.","19 items.","20 items.","33 items.","26 items.","19 items.","19 items.","11 items.","211 items.","22 items.","21 items.","23 items.","22 items.","34 items.","69 items.","24 items.","32 items.","13 items.","172 items.","20 items.","18 items.","21 items.","23 items.","27 items.","20 items.","18 items.","25 items.","94 items.","18 items.","22 items.","21 items.","18 items.","15 items.","Folder 51.18 items.","18 items.","Folder 52.25 items.","25 items.","Folder 53. 4 items.","4 items.","58 items.","25 items.","20 items.","13 items.","60 items.","24 items.","18 items.","18 items.","Folder 60.24 items.","24 items.","44 items.","Folders 62-117. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.","27 items.","13 items.","14 items.","8 items.","11 items.","8 items.","16 items.","14 items.","20 items.","11 items.","14 items.","16 items.","8 items.","21 items.","15 items.","11 items.","14 items.","21 items.","17 items.","19 items.","10 items.","21 items.","18 items.","18 items.","13 items.","39 items.","11 items.","27 items.","21 items.","22 items.","16 items.","5 items.","29 items.","13 items.","17 items.","16 items.","15 items.","8 items.","13 items.","9 items.","13 items.","18 items.","13 items.","13 items.","12 items.","15 items.","12 items.","21 items.","18 items.","13 items.","21 items.","7 items.","20 items.","9 items.","12 items.","17 items.","12 items.","Box 9, Folders1-70","9 items.","4 items.","13 items.","14 items.","2 items.","9 items.","11 items.","10 items.","7 items.","52 items.","8 items.","3 items.","18 items.","14 items.","15 items.","8 items.","7 items.","6 items.","3 items.","3 items.","16 items.","19 items.","7 items.","2 items.","1 item.","43 items.","38 items.","46 items.","10 items.","6 items.","5 items.","26 items.","7 items.","10 items.","11 items.","12 items.","4 items.","3 items.","8 items.","23 items.","4 items.","25 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","2 items.","20 items.","12 items.","14 items.","3 items.","30 items.","7 items.","10 items.","4 items.","12 items.","9 items.","3 items.","17 items.","5 items.","4 items.","18 items.","15 items.","32 items.","14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file","14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","42 items.","71 items.","14 items.","24 items.","29 items.","30 items.","25 items.","35 items.","5 items.","17 items.","11 items.","15 items.","23 items.","4 items.","54 items.","20 items.","22 items.","30 items.","28 items.","8 items.","17 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","11 items.","3 items.","5 items.","20 items.","18 items.","36 items.","25 items.","15 items.","40 items.","19 items.","23 items.","22 items.","33 items.","130 items.","54 items.","6 items.","6 items.","17 items.","26 items.","24 items.","8 items.","21 items.","30 items.","1 item.","Books1-10","2 items. Books1 and2.","1 item. Book3.","1 item. Book 4.","1 item. Book 5.","1 item. Book 6.","1 item. Book 7.","1 item. Book 8.","2 items. Books 9 and10. Book 9 encompasses the years1920-1922 and Book 10 encompasses the years1922-1924.","1 item. Artifact1. Davis-Bryan button from the1924 presidential election.","Catalogue of the College of William \u0026 Mary and State Male Normal College, Session 1890-1891, lists G. Walter Mapp as a student","Correspondence from G. Walter Mapp to his son, John A. Mapp, who was a student at the College of William \u0026 Mary, 1931-1935, and National Youth Administration Director for Eastern Virginia. Letters give fatherly advice as well as local, state and family news.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate","Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 84 M32","/repositories/2/resources/8730"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"collection_ssim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creator_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"creators_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. no. 84-17; Gift: 9,988 items, 1984. Acc. no. 1994.88; Gift: ca. 150 items, 1994. Acc. no. 1995.50; Gift: 1 item, 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections--Virginia","Legal documents","United States--Lawyers","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10,139 items"],"extent_ssm":["11.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["11.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by county.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is arranged into 7 series. Series 1 contains correspondence of G. Walter Mapp; Series 2 contains correspondence of Herbert Barnes; Series 3 contains political papers; Series 4 contains legal and/or business papers; Series 5 contains books, other printed material, and artifacts; Series 6 contains addition 1994.88; and Series 7 contains addition 1995.50. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged alphabetically either by correspondent's last name or by county name."," Series 6 and Series 7 are filed in Box 12.","Arranged alphabetically by county."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eG. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Walter Mapp (25 May 1873-1941) was born to parents, Dr. John E. Mapp and Margaret Benson (LeCato) Mapp. In 1891, he received a degree of licentiate from the College of William and Mary. This qualified him to teach at the college while studying for a bachelor of arts degree. Upon graduation, he taught at Hagsett Military Academy in Danville, Kentucky. While at Hagsett, he attended classes at Centre College, Kentucky, graduating with a law degree in 1897.","Following graduation Mapp practiced law on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. He entered into several partnerships, the first alongside his cousin Otho F. Mears. Upon its dissolution, he formed a partnership with his brother J. Brooks Mapp, which included an associate, Mr. Herbert Barnes.","Mapp served in the Virginia State Senate from 1911 to 1923 representing the thirty- seventh district, which encompassed Accomac, Northampton, and Princess Anne counties. As a Democratic politician, he was a leader in the temperance movement and fought for women's suffrage. Mapp ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1918 and for governor in 1925 and 1929.","In his later years, he served as the chairman of the State Commission of Fisheries and on the Board of Visitors at the College of William and Mary.","G. Walter Mapp married Georgia Richardson Quinby on 10 November 1900. She died within a year. On 9 November 1910, he remarried Mildred Townsend Aydelotte. The couple had two children. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00080.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eG. Walter Mapp Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["G. Walter Mapp Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also G. Walter Mapp Faculty/Alumni File, University Archives, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1895-1935, of George Walter Mapp consisting chiefly his of personal and professional correspondence. Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProminent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes1-8. 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Material includes precinct lists, lists of voters, results of the primary, and telegrams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e33 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e79 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e29 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e77 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e28 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e84 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e54 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e97 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e147 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e33 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e211 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e34 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e69 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e32 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e172 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e94 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 51.18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 52.25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 53. 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e60 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 60.24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e44 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolders 62-117. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e39 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e29 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 9, Folders1-70\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e52 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e43 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e38 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e46 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e32 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e42 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e71 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e29 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e35 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e54 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e28 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e36 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e40 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e33 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e130 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e54 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e24 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooks1-10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items. Books1 and2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book 6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book 7.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Book 8.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items. Books 9 and10. Book 9 encompasses the years1920-1922 and Book 10 encompasses the years1922-1924.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 item. Artifact1. Davis-Bryan button from the1924 presidential election.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCatalogue of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary and State Male Normal College, Session 1890-1891, lists G. Walter Mapp as a student\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from G. Walter Mapp to his son, John A. Mapp, who was a student at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, 1931-1935, and National Youth Administration Director for Eastern Virginia. 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Topics in the correspondence include women suffrage, Prohibition, 1918 First District of Virginia Congressional Democratic primary, 1928 presidential election, and the 1929 Virginia gubernatorial Democratic primary. ","In addition to papers pertaining to Mapp's political career, much of the collection pertains to Mapp's legal practice on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and includes supporting notes and documents referring to specific cases. \nThere are pamphlets, speeches and newspaper clippings covering his political career from 1911 to 1929. ","Prominent correspondents include S. O. Bland, Harry Flood Byrd, James Cannon, J. A. C. (Julian Alvin Carroll) Chandler, Adele Clark, George Preston Coleman, Mary Haldane Coleman, Thomas S. (Thomas Staples) Martin, Lucy Randolph Mason, R. Walton (Robert Walton) Moore, John Garland Pollard, Claude A. Swanson, E. Lee (Elbert Lee) Trinkle, Lyon G. Tyler and Lila Meade Valentine. The collection also includes correspondence of Mapp's law partner, Herbert Barnes.","Boxes1-8. Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.","Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","3 items.","18 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","20 items.","1 item.","9 items.","2 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","7 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","2 items.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","5 items.","1 item.","5 items.","10 items.","1 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item.","1 item.","9 items.","2 items.","3 items.","9 items.","17 items.","17 items.","2 items.","6 items.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","33 items.","16 items.","17 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","5 items.","3 items.","1 item.","3 items.","8 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","13 items.","2 items.","2 items.","4 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","2 items.","4 items.","5 items.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","5 items.","5 items.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","2 items.","2 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","5 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item.","2 items.","2 items.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","3 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","2 items.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","1 item.","Note: \"Duplicate correspondence\" refers to unsigned copies of letters by Mapp. \"Original correspondence\" refers to signed letters written to Mapp.","28 items.","31 items.","Arrangement is alphabetically by county.","54 items.","18 items.","20 items.","16 items.","22 items.","25 items.","27 items.","2 items.","7 items.","16 items.","17 items.","21 items.","11 items.","20 items.","21 items.","26 items.","14 items.","13 items.","2 items.","10 items.","28 items.","12 items.","Folders100-103 contain miscellaneous material relating to the1918 Congressional Democratic Primary. Material includes precinct lists, lists of voters, results of the primary, and telegrams.","15 items.","25 items.","27 items.","20 items.","21 items.","19 items.","33 items.","26 items.","21 items.","9 items.","20 items.","20 items.","19 items.","14 items.","16 items.","11 items.","8 items.","16 items.","21 items.","20 items.","5 items.","19 items.","5 items.","14 items.","17 items.","14 items.","13 items.","30 items.","17 items.","10 items.","9 items.","23 items.","10 items.","19 items.","8 items.","14 items.","12 items.","17 items.","19 items.","12 items.","13 items.","13 items.","58 items.","20 items.","18 items.","20 items.","79 items.","26 items.","24 items.","29 items.","77 items.","22 items.","27 items.","28 items.","84 items.","27 items.","16 items.","21 items.","20 items.","54 items.","19 items.","17 items.","15 items.","13 items.","97 items.","20 items.","21 items.","30 items.","26 items.","147 items.","19 items.","20 items.","33 items.","26 items.","19 items.","19 items.","11 items.","211 items.","22 items.","21 items.","23 items.","22 items.","34 items.","69 items.","24 items.","32 items.","13 items.","172 items.","20 items.","18 items.","21 items.","23 items.","27 items.","20 items.","18 items.","25 items.","94 items.","18 items.","22 items.","21 items.","18 items.","15 items.","Folder 51.18 items.","18 items.","Folder 52.25 items.","25 items.","Folder 53. 4 items.","4 items.","58 items.","25 items.","20 items.","13 items.","60 items.","24 items.","18 items.","18 items.","Folder 60.24 items.","24 items.","44 items.","Folders 62-117. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name.","27 items.","13 items.","14 items.","8 items.","11 items.","8 items.","16 items.","14 items.","20 items.","11 items.","14 items.","16 items.","8 items.","21 items.","15 items.","11 items.","14 items.","21 items.","17 items.","19 items.","10 items.","21 items.","18 items.","18 items.","13 items.","39 items.","11 items.","27 items.","21 items.","22 items.","16 items.","5 items.","29 items.","13 items.","17 items.","16 items.","15 items.","8 items.","13 items.","9 items.","13 items.","18 items.","13 items.","13 items.","12 items.","15 items.","12 items.","21 items.","18 items.","13 items.","21 items.","7 items.","20 items.","9 items.","12 items.","17 items.","12 items.","Box 9, Folders1-70","9 items.","4 items.","13 items.","14 items.","2 items.","9 items.","11 items.","10 items.","7 items.","52 items.","8 items.","3 items.","18 items.","14 items.","15 items.","8 items.","7 items.","6 items.","3 items.","3 items.","16 items.","19 items.","7 items.","2 items.","1 item.","43 items.","38 items.","46 items.","10 items.","6 items.","5 items.","26 items.","7 items.","10 items.","11 items.","12 items.","4 items.","3 items.","8 items.","23 items.","4 items.","25 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","2 items.","20 items.","12 items.","14 items.","3 items.","30 items.","7 items.","10 items.","4 items.","12 items.","9 items.","3 items.","17 items.","5 items.","4 items.","18 items.","15 items.","32 items.","14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file","14 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","1 item.","4 items.","3 items.","2 items.","1 item.","42 items.","71 items.","14 items.","24 items.","29 items.","30 items.","25 items.","35 items.","5 items.","17 items.","11 items.","15 items.","23 items.","4 items.","54 items.","20 items.","22 items.","30 items.","28 items.","8 items.","17 items. Physical Location: See also oversize file.","11 items.","3 items.","5 items.","20 items.","18 items.","36 items.","25 items.","15 items.","40 items.","19 items.","23 items.","22 items.","33 items.","130 items.","54 items.","6 items.","6 items.","17 items.","26 items.","24 items.","8 items.","21 items.","30 items.","1 item.","Books1-10","2 items. Books1 and2.","1 item. Book3.","1 item. Book 4.","1 item. Book 5.","1 item. Book 6.","1 item. Book 7.","1 item. Book 8.","2 items. Books 9 and10. Book 9 encompasses the years1920-1922 and Book 10 encompasses the years1922-1924.","1 item. Artifact1. Davis-Bryan button from the1924 presidential election.","Catalogue of the College of William \u0026 Mary and State Male Normal College, Session 1890-1891, lists G. Walter Mapp as a student","Correspondence from G. Walter Mapp to his son, John A. Mapp, who was a student at the College of William \u0026 Mary, 1931-1935, and National Youth Administration Director for Eastern Virginia. Letters give fatherly advice as well as local, state and family news."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate","Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Virginia State Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Mapp, G. Walter, 1873-1941"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2145,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:55:28.351Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8730_c05_c02_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Books, Publications and Language","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\" from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (A-N)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (A-N)"],"text":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (A-N)","Books, Publications and Language","Box 1","The Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated."],"title_filing_ssi":"Books, Publications and Language","title_ssm":["Books, Publications and Language"],"title_tesim":["Books, Publications and Language"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-1912 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1806/1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Books, Publications and Language"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912],"containers_ssim":["Box 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:05:04.720Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1026.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and","title_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"title_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"unitdate_ssm":["1725-1949"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1725-1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026"],"text":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026","Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Alphabetical order by subject.","An artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's.","Printed facsimiles of autograph documents and signatures from the eighteenth and nineteenth century from \"Pages from an Autograph Collection\" and other sources. Undated.","The Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated.","Chemistry Letter from Berlin, Prussia where writer tells of his chemistry training in Europe. March 21, 1867 Math Notes and geometric drawings. Algebra and Geometry. Note in front of notes: \"Figures and Demonstrations in Gummere's Surveying\" and \"Bonnycastle's Application of Algebra to Geometry.\"","These envelopes are from collections, not from letters addressed to John Hart.  John Hart was a dealer in manuscripts. Addressed to: Mrs. C.M. Thornton, Woodville, Rappahannock, Virginia. August 7. William G. Allen, Richmond, Virginia. Undated. John C. Davis, Warrenton, North Carolina. Undated. Honorable William Nelson, Virginia (Possibly Norfolk, Virginia). Undated but probably 1700's. Major Perkins.","Notes on \"Blackstone's Commentaries.\" Undated. Notes on \"Evidence (Greenleaf)\" and \"Robinson's Practice.\" Includes notes on Executors of Administration, Application Payments and definitions.  Undated.","Recipe for Scrofula by Dr. W. Shisler of New Market, Virginia, Shenandoah Valley. February 20, 1852 Treatment of Scrofula by Dr. Nicholas Longworth. Undated. Dentist Accounts. 1841-1842. Dove and Isaacs of Richmond, Virginia to Dr. Charles Quarles, Trevillians Depot about his medical order and other items available. November 4, 1847. Secretary of the Maryland State Board of Health, W.W. Chancellor, to a Doctor on the National Board of Health, regarding \"qualifications and registration of physicians\" and problems of licensing practitioners. Mentions sanitizing issues. Comments that these reasons were why he resigned as chair in the Washington University in Baltimore, Maryland. March 14, 1884. Letters to Andrew G. Grinnan from Samuel Ayres of Richmond, Virginia and Dr. J. Welford of Richmond, Virginia about a new truss. 1868. Prescription order from Meade and Baker's of Richmond, Virginia. Undated. Prescription or recipe for rheumatism by W.M. Sibert. Undated. Label for Oxalic Acid from the Druggist and Pharmacist, L.H. Ott, Harrisonburg, Virginia. Undated. Snake bite cure by Mr. Wilkins. Undated.","Letter to Honorable St. Lawrence Adam of Petersburg, Virginia from Theodore B. Smiley in Camp Buena Vista, Mexico about the Virginia Regiment in the Mexican-American War. October 16, 1847.","Utes Pen and Ink watercolor of Ouray, Chief of the Utes and Chopeta, his wife. Undated.","Recipe for Lafayette Ginger Bread with the story of how it got its name. Printed by the Washington-Lewis Chapter of the DAR, Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1924. Recipe for making tomato catsup by A. Farmer. August 11, 1829. Fondue Recipe. Note at bottom: de la Physiologie de Gout. Undated. Parker House rolls recipe. 1933.","Partial letter to Beloved Brethren about differences between Redeemer's Kindom and the Baptist cause. Second Baptist Church in Groton. March 10, 1838. Baptist Church History in Virginia. 8 original letters, many about certification of membership for transfer to another church. Beaverdam Baptist Church, Exerpts from Old Registers of Members by Annie and Maggie McMannaway Lickinghole Church, Goochland. Resignation letter from H.M. Barker. Undated. Scottsville Baptist Church. Albemarle County. Certification letter for Sister L.M. Pitts. 1891. Certification letter for Brother Winfield S. Beale, signed by Byron Hoge, Clerk. 1854. The Fork Baptist Church. Fluvanna County. Certification letter for Bro. N.H. Mills and wife, signed by Thos. F. Bashaw, church clerk. 1887. Baptist Church of Christ. Mt. Gilead. Goochland County. Certification letter for Sister Cassandra W. Miller, signed by Wm. A. Gray, Clerk. 1856. Dover Church. Certification letter for Brother Benj. F. Bowles. 1853. Letters to Brother Dudley from L.W. Allen about family, neighborhood and church news. 1853 and 1854.","Letter to Colonel Dayton at Elizabeth Town from Lord Stirling at Aquakanock regarding enemy troops. October 5, 1778. (Note: Colonel Dayton was of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment. Lord Stirling is William Alexander, American Major General during the Revolutionary War and in the New Jersey Militia. In 1781, George Washington appointed him Commander of the Northern Army and Commander of the entire Continental Army when Washington was on personal business.)","Letter to Mrs. J.M. McCrabb of Georgetown, Washington, D.C. from Captain Hill and another Captain.  States \"about to discharge all the negroes in government employ.\"  He is discharging her \"boy Bill\" and has paid Major Lee for his services. Note on back, \"For Clement Coxe, Esq., Gay St.\"  August 16, 1842. Agreements signed by John F. Parker and A.S. Parker to hire negroes.  Gives price and conditions of the hire.  1860, 1863, 1867. Printed bill of sale of a slave.  Handwriting is illegible. Broadside for public hire of negroes belonging to Mariana Bolling.  Possibly in Virginia.  December 1821. Slave manifest for Jonathan Cooper, Master of the Sloop Delight in Charleston, South Carolina, to ship one female slave to Savannah, Georgia.  Slave owned by Thomas Folker of Charleston.  March 3, 1823.","Stamps, Revenue Embossed Revenue Stamps. Virginia Issue, 1779 and U.S. Issue, 1800. Early Revenue Tax Stamp which was first issued July 6, 1797. William W. Weymouth for shipping flour from Richmond, Virginia to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. November 11, 1791. Revenue Stamps of Virginia. Photostat copies of stamps, some glued onto paper. Typed report, \"Virginia Embossed Revenue Stamps\" by James F. Magee, Jr. 6 pages. Stamps Pomeroy and Company Express Stamps. New York. Ca. 1861. Letter sending one of the first Tokyo cancelled stamps. September 1, 1945. Two Sesquicentennial Exposition United Post Office Stamps embossed on envelopes. 2 cents. 1926 Stamp collector's book. Stamps from all over the world. Possibly 1880's.","Publications, \"Fifty Years of Shipbuilding\" published in August 1, 1940, \"For National Defense\" published in 1941 and \"The Shipyard in Peace and War\" published in 1944.","Photostat copy of a mail coach schedule from Washington, D.C. to Georgia.  Undated.Account of Stage expenses to Richmond, Virginia.  UndatedMail Coach Schedule.  Fredericksburg, Virginia.  1825.Shenandoah Valley Railroad timetable.  Virginia.  1882.Check from Bank of the State of New York to Central Railroad and Banks for $2,000.  November, 1837.Letter about the interest in building a railroad between Bristol and New Hampton, New Hampshire.  E.B. Smith to G.W. Nesmith.  April 26, 1848.Notepaper from the Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad Company.  Portsmouth, Virginia.  1860's.A trace for items sent to Greensboro, North Carolina by Southern Express Company.  Richmond, Virginia.  September 21, 1864.Railroad bill of laden for three rolls of leather. Places mentioned are Richmond, Virginia, Yorktown Station, Virginia, Bristol, Tennessee and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1868.Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad freight invoice for F.H. Bayley.  Richmond, Virginia.  March 8, 1875.Bill of laden for Atlantic Coastline Freight for tobacco fertilizer.  Sent by P. Zell and Sons for F.B. Harrison in Gaston, North Carolina.  Portsmouth, Virginia and Wilmington, North Carolina.  March 27, 1877.Newspaper article about Claudius Crozet and Virginia's transportation system.  August 6, 1881.North Carolina State Highway Commission Courtesy card issued to G.P. Coleman.  June 3 to June 10, 1924.","Letter from G. Parker of Worcester, Massachusetts, to Douglas and Brothers of Thompsonville, Connecticut., Steamboat Builders, giving some details for two boats he wants built. Mr. Parker is in Norfolk, Virginia. December 15, 1848.   Bill of sale for John Crawford, London merchant, to John Speakman, also a London merchant, for a sloop. Includes stamps and seals. November 4, 1725.   Orders, receipts and manifests from the Noah Steamer Barge in 1879. Places mentioned: College Landing in Williamsburg, Virginia; Richmond, Virginia; Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia, Clover Hill Depot, and Morris Creek. Names mentioned are: Lucado's Daily Line of Boats, A.L. Shepherd and Co., Mrs. M.S. Jones of College Landing,, Samuel Smith of College Landing, R.S. Morecock of College Landing, J.S. Hazlegrove of College Landing, R.B. Servant of Williamsburg, B.B. Wolfe of College Landing, O.M. Southall, George E. Bush of Richmond, Spotts and Gibson, Purcell, Ladd and Co., J.B. Lacy and Mrs. C.B.T. Coleman. Many items were for shipment to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia. Masters included Charles Clifford.   Shipping order for ship, Jannet, from Liverpool, England to Port Royal, Virginia. August 5, 1791.   Document giving Robert Marsh permission to sell or dispose the Brig Ajax. Norfolk, Virginia. 1837.   Charles Robinson, Norfolk, Virginia to Mr. Adams, President of the Ocean…Office in Boston, Massachusetts saying his ship, Pocahontas, was damaged. December 7, 1839.   \"An Account of wood sold for Mr. W.G. Birchett.\" Lists price beside names of schooners. Daniel Epps is mentioned. 1850.   Newspaper article from the Illustrated News about the loss of the ship, William and Mary. May 28, 1853. Two copies, one a partial copy.","General Agent H.L. Kenney of Washington City to Reuben H. Grant in Mississippi giving him authorization to raise a regiment of 300 men for the service of the \"Central American Republic.\" Gives description of his job as General Agent of the Central American Republic and tells how each man shall be paid with land. December 21, 1854.","Pay Account for Ensign C.W. Bowie. Civil War. 1865. Bond for Benjamin Beck and Davis Tinsley and others of Milledgeville, Georgia to Governor Jos. E. Brown. List of items procured. April 1861. Pass for James Bonner of Milledgeville, Georgia to purchase lead. Signed by D. Mitchell, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. October 6, 1813. Command order given to Samuel Walker as Captain of the Bladwin Blues as of May 29, 1888. Signed by Governor John B. Gordon, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. Certificate. June 7, 1888. Return of warrants by James Meriwether of Augusta, Georgia to Governor Telfair. 1790. Proclamation for a Day of Thanksgiving in Georgia by Governor Joseph M. Terrell. Seal. November 26, 1903.","Official Oath of D. Bard Rack as Constable for Whiteside County, Illinois. April 14. No Year. Annual Account of the Highway Commissioners, Sterling, Illinois. March 1865. Receipts and oaths from Sterling, Illinois. 1861, 1864 and 1865.","Program for the Teatro Scalo, Terzo Gran Concerto. May 10, 1896. An Italian lire, dated 1884.","Typed carbon copy of Volume I, \"Brides and Parents of Early Kentucky and Their Marriage Date with name of Groom\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns Bell of Washington, D.C. 1935. A - Bell of bride's surnames.","Typed carbon copy of \"Anne Arundel County, Maryland, General Index to Inventories of Deceased Persons, 1777 to 1893\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns of Washington, D.C. October 5, 1850 Maryland Tract Society report.","Article, \"The Conquest is Complete,\" from the News and Courier, South Carolina. December 27, 1893.","Surveyors List of Surveyors elected by U.S. Congress, one from each state, \"in conformity to the 'Ordinance for ascertaining the mode of lands in the Western Territory'.\" Signed by Charles Thompson, Secretary of Congress. May 27, 1785. United States Treasury Office Copy of a letter from John Skelton Williams, Comptroller of Currency, to Honorable William E. Cox, Congressman from Indiana, about criticisms. Washington, D.C. October 17, 1916.","Coat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941.","Scope and Contents Aspen Hill High School near Pendleton Station, 1885-1886 Catalogue. Atlantic University, Virginia Beach, Bulletin for Summer Session. 1931. Blackstone Female Institute, \"Programme of...Commencement Exercises....Blackstone Female Institute, Session 1898-'99\" College of Henrico, pamphlet of an address delivered by W. Gordon McCabe on May 31, 1911, \"The First University of America,\" typed extracts concerning Henricopolis and the college on the site, carbon copy of a report on the College of Henrico, Richmond Times-Dispatch article dated December 7, 1930 about the \"Colonial Dames' Prize Essay, Henricopolis and the College by Angie E. Turner\" and an undated Sunday Magazine Section story written by Priscilla Williams on \"Henricopolis, America's First College.\" Episcopal Female Institute, Winchester, Virginia, cover for 1890-1891 catalogue. Hampton Institute, music programs from 1944-1949. Hampton-Sydney, 1942 Honor Roll booklet, a newspaper article on the 1904 pledge signing, and a 1944 Alumni Association newsletter about the beginning of the college. Norfolk Academy, booklet with all attendees from 1728-1927. Radford Normal School, Radford, Virginia, bound stenographic report of the arguments in the investigation of charges brought by the Radford Record against R.J. Noell, Secretary-Treasurer of the Radford State Normal School. Contains arguments of E. Lee Trinkle and Richard E. Byrd. December 16, 1913. Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Virginia, brochure. Handwritten note on the cover, \"Disappointed again. R.E. Blackwell.\" Undated. Richmond Female Institute, stock shares ledger sheets from 1854 and a June 2, 1893 Commencement Invitation. Roanoke College, catalogs for 1887-1888 and 1889-1890. South Carrenton University School, Warrenton, VA, Prespectus, 1891-1892 Theological Seminary in Virginia, Booklet entitled \"History \"Of the Old Seminary on 'The Hill'\". 1923. University of Richmond, printed photographs of the Canon Memorial Chapel. 1 sheet. Undated. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. 1949 invitation to Founder's Day exercises, newspaper article on \"Changed Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts, the Views of Professor R.H. Dabney, dated October 4, 1891, minutes of the December 19, 1947 meeting of the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia, circular of the Young Men's Christian Association at the University of Virginia dated October 1, 1866 and brochure with the poem, \"The Fostering Mother\" delivered June 14, 1898 \"at the Inauguration of the New Buildings of the University of Virginia, Replacing those Destroyed by Fire October 27, 1895\" by Armistead C. Gordon. Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, catalogues for 1886-1887 and 1889-1890. Virginia Mechanics Institute, Richmond, Virginia, appointment letter, signed by B.A. Myers, to be on the \"Committee of Judges\" at the 3rd Annual Exhibition, dated October 21, 1857. 4 copies, addressed to four different people. Flyer announcing the fourth Annual Exhibition on October 19, 1857. Undated newspaper article about reestablishing the school after the war. Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, Military Ball Invitation. July 4, 1856. Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind, Staunton, Virginia, March 19, 1909, issue of the Goodson Gazette, Staunton, VA, with an article on the School for the Blind and a printed page with pictures of the school, undated. Virginia Teacher's Cooperative League, photostat of the 1898 Charter. Two page report \"Genesis of the Virginia Teacher's League, Progenitor of the Virginia Education Association,\" Mt. Jackson, July-August, 1898 by J. Luther Kibler. Washington and Lee, Lexington, Virginia, booklet about the 1939 fancy dress ball.","Post Office: Documents addressed to the Postmasters in Langerville, Augusta County, Virginia and Spartapolis, Rockingham County, Virginia. 1841-1860. 3 items. Postal Route: Letter to Col. C.C. Herbert of Richmond, Virginia from A. Betts, Wharton, concerning the mail run between Brownsville (Texas) and Wharton. September 23, 1862.","Announcement of semi-monthly meeting, addressed to Henry Wheatland. April 11, 1851.","Announcement of Stockholder meeting. Jersey City, New York. 1920.","Richmond Times-Dispatch article, \"Berkeley is Restored.\" Richmond, Virginia. Undated.","Meeting announcement of the Bibliographic Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 9, 1946.","Performance Program for sixth anniversary. September 26, 1806.","Typed rough draft of a letter about reunions for Camp Sequoyan in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Norfolk, Virginia and other places. Undated.","Illustrated broadside advertising subscriptions for rebuilding the Kotoku-In Buddhist temple in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, best known for its 13th-century Daibutsu (Great Buddha statue). Also includes a receipt from the Director of Kotoku-In for a donation for rebuilding the temple.","The front and back cover of the Farmer's Register, published in Petersburg, Virginia.  The editor and proprietor is Edmund Ruffin. Samuel Fauntleroy or J. H. Cocke are written on the top of some issues.  Complete issue for December 31, 1838.  1837-1842.","Meeting announcement of the Huguenot Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 17, 1942.","One programs for 1946 and one invitation for 1944. Newport News, Virginia.","Invitation and certificates for C.P. Matthaci. 1883, 1886 and 1895.","List of Company's legal correspondents, by state. June 1867.","Coal Office of the Morris Canal and Banking Company of Newark, New Jersey to a Boston, Massachusetts client about commission costs. April 1, 1939.","Includes a printed information sheet about the National Home Finding Society who search for \"waifs and foundlings, born and unborn and deserted and abused children and finding real homes for all orphans…\" Among other things, the sheet tells how to dress and how to talk with people at their door when canvassing for children. A postcard with an airplane view of \"Plan, Beach, River, Yorktown, Boats, Planes, Stock, Farm and some Buildings needed.\" Banner in postcard, \"National Orphanage Home and Grounds, All Races and Denominations.\" Bottom of postcard says, National Orphanage, Gloucester Point, Virginia, Rev. M.M. Smith, Field Supt. The back is filled with printed information from their 1921-22 report.","Letter by Richmond Virginian to Manufacturer's Paper Company for a paper order. Richmond, Virginia. March 16, 1911.","Sons of Temperance Financial Report. Virginia. 1854.","Articles of the Union Bank of Georgetown in Virginia. On the back, there is a note signed by Robert Beverley. September, 1809.","Catalogue of \"Exhibition of Contemporary Portraits.\" 1929. Resolutions of the Virginia Historical Society for Funds. Richmond, Virginia. Sent to P.R. Carrington in Richmond, Virginia. June 25, 1881.","Announcement of a public festival for \"Harrison and Reform\" by the Whigs of Berkeley County, Virginia to be held September 10, 1840. Included on the announcement is a letter to Philip R. Fendall, Washington City from Charles Janus Faulkner of Berkeley Springs, Virginia. Mr. Fendall was a lawyer and a senator. Letter to Mrs. Louisa…of Portsmouth, Virginia sending the minutes of the Whig's Ladies Meeting in Richmond, Virginia which discuss erecting a statue of Henry Clay. 1844. Letter from Reverdy Johnson in Baltimore, Maryland to Jonathan Chapman in Boston, Massachusetts about the Whig Party convention. August, 1844. Letter from William Pennington to Jonathan Chapman about the Whig Party. September 9, 1844.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"collection_title_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection is an artificial grouping of material given to Special Collections or purchased by Special Collections during the 1930's and 1940's."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical order by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical order by subject."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscripts - Group 3 - Subject, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Manuscripts - Group 3 - Subject, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted facsimiles of autograph documents and signatures from the eighteenth and nineteenth century from \"Pages from an Autograph Collection\" and other sources. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChemistry Letter from Berlin, Prussia where writer tells of his chemistry training in Europe. March 21, 1867 Math Notes and geometric drawings. Algebra and Geometry. Note in front of notes: \"Figures and Demonstrations in Gummere's Surveying\" and \"Bonnycastle's Application of Algebra to Geometry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese envelopes are from collections, not from letters addressed to John Hart.  John Hart was a dealer in manuscripts. Addressed to: Mrs. C.M. Thornton, Woodville, Rappahannock, Virginia. August 7. William G. Allen, Richmond, Virginia. Undated. John C. Davis, Warrenton, North Carolina. Undated. Honorable William Nelson, Virginia (Possibly Norfolk, Virginia). Undated but probably 1700's. Major Perkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on \"Blackstone's Commentaries.\" Undated. Notes on \"Evidence (Greenleaf)\" and \"Robinson's Practice.\" Includes notes on Executors of Administration, Application Payments and definitions.  Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecipe for Scrofula by Dr. W. Shisler of New Market, Virginia, Shenandoah Valley. February 20, 1852 Treatment of Scrofula by Dr. Nicholas Longworth. Undated. Dentist Accounts. 1841-1842. Dove and Isaacs of Richmond, Virginia to Dr. Charles Quarles, Trevillians Depot about his medical order and other items available. November 4, 1847. Secretary of the Maryland State Board of Health, W.W. Chancellor, to a Doctor on the National Board of Health, regarding \"qualifications and registration of physicians\" and problems of licensing practitioners. Mentions sanitizing issues. Comments that these reasons were why he resigned as chair in the Washington University in Baltimore, Maryland. March 14, 1884. Letters to Andrew G. Grinnan from Samuel Ayres of Richmond, Virginia and Dr. J. Welford of Richmond, Virginia about a new truss. 1868. Prescription order from Meade and Baker's of Richmond, Virginia. Undated. Prescription or recipe for rheumatism by W.M. Sibert. Undated. Label for Oxalic Acid from the Druggist and Pharmacist, L.H. Ott, Harrisonburg, Virginia. Undated. Snake bite cure by Mr. Wilkins. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Honorable St. Lawrence Adam of Petersburg, Virginia from Theodore B. Smiley in Camp Buena Vista, Mexico about the Virginia Regiment in the Mexican-American War. October 16, 1847.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUtes Pen and Ink watercolor of Ouray, Chief of the Utes and Chopeta, his wife. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecipe for Lafayette Ginger Bread with the story of how it got its name. Printed by the Washington-Lewis Chapter of the DAR, Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1924. Recipe for making tomato catsup by A. Farmer. August 11, 1829. Fondue Recipe. Note at bottom: de la Physiologie de Gout. Undated. Parker House rolls recipe. 1933.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial letter to Beloved Brethren about differences between Redeemer's Kindom and the Baptist cause. Second Baptist Church in Groton. March 10, 1838. Baptist Church History in Virginia. 8 original letters, many about certification of membership for transfer to another church. Beaverdam Baptist Church, Exerpts from Old Registers of Members by Annie and Maggie McMannaway Lickinghole Church, Goochland. Resignation letter from H.M. Barker. Undated. Scottsville Baptist Church. Albemarle County. Certification letter for Sister L.M. Pitts. 1891. Certification letter for Brother Winfield S. Beale, signed by Byron Hoge, Clerk. 1854. The Fork Baptist Church. Fluvanna County. Certification letter for Bro. N.H. Mills and wife, signed by Thos. F. Bashaw, church clerk. 1887. Baptist Church of Christ. Mt. Gilead. Goochland County. Certification letter for Sister Cassandra W. Miller, signed by Wm. A. Gray, Clerk. 1856. Dover Church. Certification letter for Brother Benj. F. Bowles. 1853. Letters to Brother Dudley from L.W. Allen about family, neighborhood and church news. 1853 and 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Colonel Dayton at Elizabeth Town from Lord Stirling at Aquakanock regarding enemy troops. October 5, 1778. (Note: Colonel Dayton was of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment. Lord Stirling is William Alexander, American Major General during the Revolutionary War and in the New Jersey Militia. In 1781, George Washington appointed him Commander of the Northern Army and Commander of the entire Continental Army when Washington was on personal business.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Mrs. J.M. McCrabb of Georgetown, Washington, D.C. from Captain Hill and another Captain.  States \"about to discharge all the negroes in government employ.\"  He is discharging her \"boy Bill\" and has paid Major Lee for his services. Note on back, \"For Clement Coxe, Esq., Gay St.\"  August 16, 1842. Agreements signed by John F. Parker and A.S. Parker to hire negroes.  Gives price and conditions of the hire.  1860, 1863, 1867. Printed bill of sale of a slave.  Handwriting is illegible. Broadside for public hire of negroes belonging to Mariana Bolling.  Possibly in Virginia.  December 1821. Slave manifest for Jonathan Cooper, Master of the Sloop Delight in Charleston, South Carolina, to ship one female slave to Savannah, Georgia.  Slave owned by Thomas Folker of Charleston.  March 3, 1823.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStamps, Revenue Embossed Revenue Stamps. Virginia Issue, 1779 and U.S. Issue, 1800. Early Revenue Tax Stamp which was first issued July 6, 1797. William W. Weymouth for shipping flour from Richmond, Virginia to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. November 11, 1791. Revenue Stamps of Virginia. Photostat copies of stamps, some glued onto paper. Typed report, \"Virginia Embossed Revenue Stamps\" by James F. Magee, Jr. 6 pages. Stamps Pomeroy and Company Express Stamps. New York. Ca. 1861. Letter sending one of the first Tokyo cancelled stamps. September 1, 1945. Two Sesquicentennial Exposition United Post Office Stamps embossed on envelopes. 2 cents. 1926 Stamp collector's book. Stamps from all over the world. Possibly 1880's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications, \"Fifty Years of Shipbuilding\" published in August 1, 1940, \"For National Defense\" published in 1941 and \"The Shipyard in Peace and War\" published in 1944.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotostat copy of a mail coach schedule from Washington, D.C. to Georgia.  Undated.Account of Stage expenses to Richmond, Virginia.  UndatedMail Coach Schedule.  Fredericksburg, Virginia.  1825.Shenandoah Valley Railroad timetable.  Virginia.  1882.Check from Bank of the State of New York to Central Railroad and Banks for $2,000.  November, 1837.Letter about the interest in building a railroad between Bristol and New Hampton, New Hampshire.  E.B. Smith to G.W. Nesmith.  April 26, 1848.Notepaper from the Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad Company.  Portsmouth, Virginia.  1860's.A trace for items sent to Greensboro, North Carolina by Southern Express Company.  Richmond, Virginia.  September 21, 1864.Railroad bill of laden for three rolls of leather. Places mentioned are Richmond, Virginia, Yorktown Station, Virginia, Bristol, Tennessee and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1868.Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad freight invoice for F.H. Bayley.  Richmond, Virginia.  March 8, 1875.Bill of laden for Atlantic Coastline Freight for tobacco fertilizer.  Sent by P. Zell and Sons for F.B. Harrison in Gaston, North Carolina.  Portsmouth, Virginia and Wilmington, North Carolina.  March 27, 1877.Newspaper article about Claudius Crozet and Virginia's transportation system.  August 6, 1881.North Carolina State Highway Commission Courtesy card issued to G.P. Coleman.  June 3 to June 10, 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from G. Parker of Worcester, Massachusetts, to Douglas and Brothers of Thompsonville, Connecticut., Steamboat Builders, giving some details for two boats he wants built. Mr. Parker is in Norfolk, Virginia. December 15, 1848.   Bill of sale for John Crawford, London merchant, to John Speakman, also a London merchant, for a sloop. Includes stamps and seals. November 4, 1725.   Orders, receipts and manifests from the Noah Steamer Barge in 1879. Places mentioned: College Landing in Williamsburg, Virginia; Richmond, Virginia; Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia, Clover Hill Depot, and Morris Creek. Names mentioned are: Lucado's Daily Line of Boats, A.L. Shepherd and Co., Mrs. M.S. Jones of College Landing,, Samuel Smith of College Landing, R.S. Morecock of College Landing, J.S. Hazlegrove of College Landing, R.B. Servant of Williamsburg, B.B. Wolfe of College Landing, O.M. Southall, George E. Bush of Richmond, Spotts and Gibson, Purcell, Ladd and Co., J.B. Lacy and Mrs. C.B.T. Coleman. Many items were for shipment to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia. Masters included Charles Clifford.   Shipping order for ship, Jannet, from Liverpool, England to Port Royal, Virginia. August 5, 1791.   Document giving Robert Marsh permission to sell or dispose the Brig Ajax. Norfolk, Virginia. 1837.   Charles Robinson, Norfolk, Virginia to Mr. Adams, President of the Ocean…Office in Boston, Massachusetts saying his ship, Pocahontas, was damaged. December 7, 1839.   \"An Account of wood sold for Mr. W.G. Birchett.\" Lists price beside names of schooners. Daniel Epps is mentioned. 1850.   Newspaper article from the Illustrated News about the loss of the ship, William and Mary. May 28, 1853. Two copies, one a partial copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Agent H.L. Kenney of Washington City to Reuben H. Grant in Mississippi giving him authorization to raise a regiment of 300 men for the service of the \"Central American Republic.\" Gives description of his job as General Agent of the Central American Republic and tells how each man shall be paid with land. December 21, 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePay Account for Ensign C.W. Bowie. Civil War. 1865. Bond for Benjamin Beck and Davis Tinsley and others of Milledgeville, Georgia to Governor Jos. E. Brown. List of items procured. April 1861. Pass for James Bonner of Milledgeville, Georgia to purchase lead. Signed by D. Mitchell, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. October 6, 1813. Command order given to Samuel Walker as Captain of the Bladwin Blues as of May 29, 1888. Signed by Governor John B. Gordon, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. Certificate. June 7, 1888. Return of warrants by James Meriwether of Augusta, Georgia to Governor Telfair. 1790. Proclamation for a Day of Thanksgiving in Georgia by Governor Joseph M. Terrell. Seal. November 26, 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOfficial Oath of D. Bard Rack as Constable for Whiteside County, Illinois. April 14. No Year. Annual Account of the Highway Commissioners, Sterling, Illinois. March 1865. Receipts and oaths from Sterling, Illinois. 1861, 1864 and 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Teatro Scalo, Terzo Gran Concerto. May 10, 1896. An Italian lire, dated 1884.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped carbon copy of Volume I, \"Brides and Parents of Early Kentucky and Their Marriage Date with name of Groom\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns Bell of Washington, D.C. 1935. A - Bell of bride's surnames.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped carbon copy of \"Anne Arundel County, Maryland, General Index to Inventories of Deceased Persons, 1777 to 1893\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns of Washington, D.C. October 5, 1850 Maryland Tract Society report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle, \"The Conquest is Complete,\" from the News and Courier, South Carolina. December 27, 1893.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurveyors List of Surveyors elected by U.S. Congress, one from each state, \"in conformity to the 'Ordinance for ascertaining the mode of lands in the Western Territory'.\" Signed by Charles Thompson, Secretary of Congress. May 27, 1785. United States Treasury Office Copy of a letter from John Skelton Williams, Comptroller of Currency, to Honorable William E. Cox, Congressman from Indiana, about criticisms. Washington, D.C. October 17, 1916.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Aspen Hill High School near Pendleton Station, 1885-1886 Catalogue. Atlantic University, Virginia Beach, Bulletin for Summer Session. 1931. Blackstone Female Institute, \"Programme of...Commencement Exercises....Blackstone Female Institute, Session 1898-'99\" College of Henrico, pamphlet of an address delivered by W. Gordon McCabe on May 31, 1911, \"The First University of America,\" typed extracts concerning Henricopolis and the college on the site, carbon copy of a report on the College of Henrico, Richmond Times-Dispatch article dated December 7, 1930 about the \"Colonial Dames' Prize Essay, Henricopolis and the College by Angie E. Turner\" and an undated Sunday Magazine Section story written by Priscilla Williams on \"Henricopolis, America's First College.\" Episcopal Female Institute, Winchester, Virginia, cover for 1890-1891 catalogue. Hampton Institute, music programs from 1944-1949. Hampton-Sydney, 1942 Honor Roll booklet, a newspaper article on the 1904 pledge signing, and a 1944 Alumni Association newsletter about the beginning of the college. Norfolk Academy, booklet with all attendees from 1728-1927. Radford Normal School, Radford, Virginia, bound stenographic report of the arguments in the investigation of charges brought by the Radford Record against R.J. Noell, Secretary-Treasurer of the Radford State Normal School. Contains arguments of E. Lee Trinkle and Richard E. Byrd. December 16, 1913. Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Virginia, brochure. Handwritten note on the cover, \"Disappointed again. R.E. Blackwell.\" Undated. Richmond Female Institute, stock shares ledger sheets from 1854 and a June 2, 1893 Commencement Invitation. Roanoke College, catalogs for 1887-1888 and 1889-1890. South Carrenton University School, Warrenton, VA, Prespectus, 1891-1892 Theological Seminary in Virginia, Booklet entitled \"History \"Of the Old Seminary on 'The Hill'\". 1923. University of Richmond, printed photographs of the Canon Memorial Chapel. 1 sheet. Undated. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. 1949 invitation to Founder's Day exercises, newspaper article on \"Changed Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts, the Views of Professor R.H. Dabney, dated October 4, 1891, minutes of the December 19, 1947 meeting of the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia, circular of the Young Men's Christian Association at the University of Virginia dated October 1, 1866 and brochure with the poem, \"The Fostering Mother\" delivered June 14, 1898 \"at the Inauguration of the New Buildings of the University of Virginia, Replacing those Destroyed by Fire October 27, 1895\" by Armistead C. Gordon. Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, catalogues for 1886-1887 and 1889-1890. Virginia Mechanics Institute, Richmond, Virginia, appointment letter, signed by B.A. Myers, to be on the \"Committee of Judges\" at the 3rd Annual Exhibition, dated October 21, 1857. 4 copies, addressed to four different people. Flyer announcing the fourth Annual Exhibition on October 19, 1857. Undated newspaper article about reestablishing the school after the war. Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, Military Ball Invitation. July 4, 1856. Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind, Staunton, Virginia, March 19, 1909, issue of the Goodson Gazette, Staunton, VA, with an article on the School for the Blind and a printed page with pictures of the school, undated. Virginia Teacher's Cooperative League, photostat of the 1898 Charter. Two page report \"Genesis of the Virginia Teacher's League, Progenitor of the Virginia Education Association,\" Mt. Jackson, July-August, 1898 by J. Luther Kibler. Washington and Lee, Lexington, Virginia, booklet about the 1939 fancy dress ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost Office: Documents addressed to the Postmasters in Langerville, Augusta County, Virginia and Spartapolis, Rockingham County, Virginia. 1841-1860. 3 items. Postal Route: Letter to Col. C.C. Herbert of Richmond, Virginia from A. Betts, Wharton, concerning the mail run between Brownsville (Texas) and Wharton. September 23, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncement of semi-monthly meeting, addressed to Henry Wheatland. April 11, 1851.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncement of Stockholder meeting. Jersey City, New York. 1920.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch article, \"Berkeley is Restored.\" Richmond, Virginia. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting announcement of the Bibliographic Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 9, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerformance Program for sixth anniversary. September 26, 1806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped rough draft of a letter about reunions for Camp Sequoyan in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Norfolk, Virginia and other places. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIllustrated broadside advertising subscriptions for rebuilding the Kotoku-In Buddhist temple in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, best known for its 13th-century Daibutsu (Great Buddha statue). Also includes a receipt from the Director of Kotoku-In for a donation for rebuilding the temple.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe front and back cover of the Farmer's Register, published in Petersburg, Virginia.  The editor and proprietor is Edmund Ruffin. Samuel Fauntleroy or J. H. Cocke are written on the top of some issues.  Complete issue for December 31, 1838.  1837-1842.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting announcement of the Huguenot Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 17, 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne programs for 1946 and one invitation for 1944. Newport News, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation and certificates for C.P. Matthaci. 1883, 1886 and 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of Company's legal correspondents, by state. June 1867.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal Office of the Morris Canal and Banking Company of Newark, New Jersey to a Boston, Massachusetts client about commission costs. April 1, 1939.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a printed information sheet about the National Home Finding Society who search for \"waifs and foundlings, born and unborn and deserted and abused children and finding real homes for all orphans…\" Among other things, the sheet tells how to dress and how to talk with people at their door when canvassing for children. A postcard with an airplane view of \"Plan, Beach, River, Yorktown, Boats, Planes, Stock, Farm and some Buildings needed.\" Banner in postcard, \"National Orphanage Home and Grounds, All Races and Denominations.\" Bottom of postcard says, National Orphanage, Gloucester Point, Virginia, Rev. M.M. Smith, Field Supt. The back is filled with printed information from their 1921-22 report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter by Richmond Virginian to Manufacturer's Paper Company for a paper order. Richmond, Virginia. March 16, 1911.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSons of Temperance Financial Report. Virginia. 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles of the Union Bank of Georgetown in Virginia. On the back, there is a note signed by Robert Beverley. September, 1809.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCatalogue of \"Exhibition of Contemporary Portraits.\" 1929. Resolutions of the Virginia Historical Society for Funds. Richmond, Virginia. Sent to P.R. Carrington in Richmond, Virginia. June 25, 1881.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncement of a public festival for \"Harrison and Reform\" by the Whigs of Berkeley County, Virginia to be held September 10, 1840. Included on the announcement is a letter to Philip R. Fendall, Washington City from Charles Janus Faulkner of Berkeley Springs, Virginia. Mr. Fendall was a lawyer and a senator. Letter to Mrs. Louisa…of Portsmouth, Virginia sending the minutes of the Whig's Ladies Meeting in Richmond, Virginia which discuss erecting a statue of Henry Clay. 1844. Letter from Reverdy Johnson in Baltimore, Maryland to Jonathan Chapman in Boston, Massachusetts about the Whig Party convention. August, 1844. Letter from William Pennington to Jonathan Chapman about the Whig Party. September 9, 1844.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["An artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's.","Printed facsimiles of autograph documents and signatures from the eighteenth and nineteenth century from \"Pages from an Autograph Collection\" and other sources. Undated.","The Critical Review Title pages removed from books. On the 1797 title page, a handwritten note about the 1807 comet. 15 pages. 1792-1803. Gibbon's \"Rome\" Notes made on James Gibbon's \"Rome.\" 1806. Language – Word Definitions Scrap papers with words and their definitions. Undated, but possibly 1800's. Bookseller A twelve page advertising pamphlet, \"Proclamation by Charles I and James I of England Concerning the Colonies\"  from Orion Booksellers, Ltd. London, England. Undated. Scuffling her Way Copy of Scuffling Her Way, by Sally Nelson Robbins, cut out of periodicals and pasted into a book. Presented by Mrs. William G. Stanard to the Woman's Club. Richmond, Virginia. March 1912. The Virginia Quarterly Typed article entitled, \"The Gentleman from Indiana\" by A.A. Roger. Undated.","Chemistry Letter from Berlin, Prussia where writer tells of his chemistry training in Europe. March 21, 1867 Math Notes and geometric drawings. Algebra and Geometry. Note in front of notes: \"Figures and Demonstrations in Gummere's Surveying\" and \"Bonnycastle's Application of Algebra to Geometry.\"","These envelopes are from collections, not from letters addressed to John Hart.  John Hart was a dealer in manuscripts. Addressed to: Mrs. C.M. Thornton, Woodville, Rappahannock, Virginia. August 7. William G. Allen, Richmond, Virginia. Undated. John C. Davis, Warrenton, North Carolina. Undated. Honorable William Nelson, Virginia (Possibly Norfolk, Virginia). Undated but probably 1700's. Major Perkins.","Notes on \"Blackstone's Commentaries.\" Undated. Notes on \"Evidence (Greenleaf)\" and \"Robinson's Practice.\" Includes notes on Executors of Administration, Application Payments and definitions.  Undated.","Recipe for Scrofula by Dr. W. Shisler of New Market, Virginia, Shenandoah Valley. February 20, 1852 Treatment of Scrofula by Dr. Nicholas Longworth. Undated. Dentist Accounts. 1841-1842. Dove and Isaacs of Richmond, Virginia to Dr. Charles Quarles, Trevillians Depot about his medical order and other items available. November 4, 1847. Secretary of the Maryland State Board of Health, W.W. Chancellor, to a Doctor on the National Board of Health, regarding \"qualifications and registration of physicians\" and problems of licensing practitioners. Mentions sanitizing issues. Comments that these reasons were why he resigned as chair in the Washington University in Baltimore, Maryland. March 14, 1884. Letters to Andrew G. Grinnan from Samuel Ayres of Richmond, Virginia and Dr. J. Welford of Richmond, Virginia about a new truss. 1868. Prescription order from Meade and Baker's of Richmond, Virginia. Undated. Prescription or recipe for rheumatism by W.M. Sibert. Undated. Label for Oxalic Acid from the Druggist and Pharmacist, L.H. Ott, Harrisonburg, Virginia. Undated. Snake bite cure by Mr. Wilkins. Undated.","Letter to Honorable St. Lawrence Adam of Petersburg, Virginia from Theodore B. Smiley in Camp Buena Vista, Mexico about the Virginia Regiment in the Mexican-American War. October 16, 1847.","Utes Pen and Ink watercolor of Ouray, Chief of the Utes and Chopeta, his wife. Undated.","Recipe for Lafayette Ginger Bread with the story of how it got its name. Printed by the Washington-Lewis Chapter of the DAR, Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1924. Recipe for making tomato catsup by A. Farmer. August 11, 1829. Fondue Recipe. Note at bottom: de la Physiologie de Gout. Undated. Parker House rolls recipe. 1933.","Partial letter to Beloved Brethren about differences between Redeemer's Kindom and the Baptist cause. Second Baptist Church in Groton. March 10, 1838. Baptist Church History in Virginia. 8 original letters, many about certification of membership for transfer to another church. Beaverdam Baptist Church, Exerpts from Old Registers of Members by Annie and Maggie McMannaway Lickinghole Church, Goochland. Resignation letter from H.M. Barker. Undated. Scottsville Baptist Church. Albemarle County. Certification letter for Sister L.M. Pitts. 1891. Certification letter for Brother Winfield S. Beale, signed by Byron Hoge, Clerk. 1854. The Fork Baptist Church. Fluvanna County. Certification letter for Bro. N.H. Mills and wife, signed by Thos. F. Bashaw, church clerk. 1887. Baptist Church of Christ. Mt. Gilead. Goochland County. Certification letter for Sister Cassandra W. Miller, signed by Wm. A. Gray, Clerk. 1856. Dover Church. Certification letter for Brother Benj. F. Bowles. 1853. Letters to Brother Dudley from L.W. Allen about family, neighborhood and church news. 1853 and 1854.","Letter to Colonel Dayton at Elizabeth Town from Lord Stirling at Aquakanock regarding enemy troops. October 5, 1778. (Note: Colonel Dayton was of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment. Lord Stirling is William Alexander, American Major General during the Revolutionary War and in the New Jersey Militia. In 1781, George Washington appointed him Commander of the Northern Army and Commander of the entire Continental Army when Washington was on personal business.)","Letter to Mrs. J.M. McCrabb of Georgetown, Washington, D.C. from Captain Hill and another Captain.  States \"about to discharge all the negroes in government employ.\"  He is discharging her \"boy Bill\" and has paid Major Lee for his services. Note on back, \"For Clement Coxe, Esq., Gay St.\"  August 16, 1842. Agreements signed by John F. Parker and A.S. Parker to hire negroes.  Gives price and conditions of the hire.  1860, 1863, 1867. Printed bill of sale of a slave.  Handwriting is illegible. Broadside for public hire of negroes belonging to Mariana Bolling.  Possibly in Virginia.  December 1821. Slave manifest for Jonathan Cooper, Master of the Sloop Delight in Charleston, South Carolina, to ship one female slave to Savannah, Georgia.  Slave owned by Thomas Folker of Charleston.  March 3, 1823.","Stamps, Revenue Embossed Revenue Stamps. Virginia Issue, 1779 and U.S. Issue, 1800. Early Revenue Tax Stamp which was first issued July 6, 1797. William W. Weymouth for shipping flour from Richmond, Virginia to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. November 11, 1791. Revenue Stamps of Virginia. Photostat copies of stamps, some glued onto paper. Typed report, \"Virginia Embossed Revenue Stamps\" by James F. Magee, Jr. 6 pages. Stamps Pomeroy and Company Express Stamps. New York. Ca. 1861. Letter sending one of the first Tokyo cancelled stamps. September 1, 1945. Two Sesquicentennial Exposition United Post Office Stamps embossed on envelopes. 2 cents. 1926 Stamp collector's book. Stamps from all over the world. Possibly 1880's.","Publications, \"Fifty Years of Shipbuilding\" published in August 1, 1940, \"For National Defense\" published in 1941 and \"The Shipyard in Peace and War\" published in 1944.","Photostat copy of a mail coach schedule from Washington, D.C. to Georgia.  Undated.Account of Stage expenses to Richmond, Virginia.  UndatedMail Coach Schedule.  Fredericksburg, Virginia.  1825.Shenandoah Valley Railroad timetable.  Virginia.  1882.Check from Bank of the State of New York to Central Railroad and Banks for $2,000.  November, 1837.Letter about the interest in building a railroad between Bristol and New Hampton, New Hampshire.  E.B. Smith to G.W. Nesmith.  April 26, 1848.Notepaper from the Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad Company.  Portsmouth, Virginia.  1860's.A trace for items sent to Greensboro, North Carolina by Southern Express Company.  Richmond, Virginia.  September 21, 1864.Railroad bill of laden for three rolls of leather. Places mentioned are Richmond, Virginia, Yorktown Station, Virginia, Bristol, Tennessee and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1868.Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad freight invoice for F.H. Bayley.  Richmond, Virginia.  March 8, 1875.Bill of laden for Atlantic Coastline Freight for tobacco fertilizer.  Sent by P. Zell and Sons for F.B. Harrison in Gaston, North Carolina.  Portsmouth, Virginia and Wilmington, North Carolina.  March 27, 1877.Newspaper article about Claudius Crozet and Virginia's transportation system.  August 6, 1881.North Carolina State Highway Commission Courtesy card issued to G.P. Coleman.  June 3 to June 10, 1924.","Letter from G. Parker of Worcester, Massachusetts, to Douglas and Brothers of Thompsonville, Connecticut., Steamboat Builders, giving some details for two boats he wants built. Mr. Parker is in Norfolk, Virginia. December 15, 1848.   Bill of sale for John Crawford, London merchant, to John Speakman, also a London merchant, for a sloop. Includes stamps and seals. November 4, 1725.   Orders, receipts and manifests from the Noah Steamer Barge in 1879. Places mentioned: College Landing in Williamsburg, Virginia; Richmond, Virginia; Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia, Clover Hill Depot, and Morris Creek. Names mentioned are: Lucado's Daily Line of Boats, A.L. Shepherd and Co., Mrs. M.S. Jones of College Landing,, Samuel Smith of College Landing, R.S. Morecock of College Landing, J.S. Hazlegrove of College Landing, R.B. Servant of Williamsburg, B.B. Wolfe of College Landing, O.M. Southall, George E. Bush of Richmond, Spotts and Gibson, Purcell, Ladd and Co., J.B. Lacy and Mrs. C.B.T. Coleman. Many items were for shipment to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia. Masters included Charles Clifford.   Shipping order for ship, Jannet, from Liverpool, England to Port Royal, Virginia. August 5, 1791.   Document giving Robert Marsh permission to sell or dispose the Brig Ajax. Norfolk, Virginia. 1837.   Charles Robinson, Norfolk, Virginia to Mr. Adams, President of the Ocean…Office in Boston, Massachusetts saying his ship, Pocahontas, was damaged. December 7, 1839.   \"An Account of wood sold for Mr. W.G. Birchett.\" Lists price beside names of schooners. Daniel Epps is mentioned. 1850.   Newspaper article from the Illustrated News about the loss of the ship, William and Mary. May 28, 1853. Two copies, one a partial copy.","General Agent H.L. Kenney of Washington City to Reuben H. Grant in Mississippi giving him authorization to raise a regiment of 300 men for the service of the \"Central American Republic.\" Gives description of his job as General Agent of the Central American Republic and tells how each man shall be paid with land. December 21, 1854.","Pay Account for Ensign C.W. Bowie. Civil War. 1865. Bond for Benjamin Beck and Davis Tinsley and others of Milledgeville, Georgia to Governor Jos. E. Brown. List of items procured. April 1861. Pass for James Bonner of Milledgeville, Georgia to purchase lead. Signed by D. Mitchell, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. October 6, 1813. Command order given to Samuel Walker as Captain of the Bladwin Blues as of May 29, 1888. Signed by Governor John B. Gordon, Governor of Georgia, with the state seal. Certificate. June 7, 1888. Return of warrants by James Meriwether of Augusta, Georgia to Governor Telfair. 1790. Proclamation for a Day of Thanksgiving in Georgia by Governor Joseph M. Terrell. Seal. November 26, 1903.","Official Oath of D. Bard Rack as Constable for Whiteside County, Illinois. April 14. No Year. Annual Account of the Highway Commissioners, Sterling, Illinois. March 1865. Receipts and oaths from Sterling, Illinois. 1861, 1864 and 1865.","Program for the Teatro Scalo, Terzo Gran Concerto. May 10, 1896. An Italian lire, dated 1884.","Typed carbon copy of Volume I, \"Brides and Parents of Early Kentucky and Their Marriage Date with name of Groom\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns Bell of Washington, D.C. 1935. A - Bell of bride's surnames.","Typed carbon copy of \"Anne Arundel County, Maryland, General Index to Inventories of Deceased Persons, 1777 to 1893\" compiled by Annie Walker Burns of Washington, D.C. October 5, 1850 Maryland Tract Society report.","Article, \"The Conquest is Complete,\" from the News and Courier, South Carolina. December 27, 1893.","Surveyors List of Surveyors elected by U.S. Congress, one from each state, \"in conformity to the 'Ordinance for ascertaining the mode of lands in the Western Territory'.\" Signed by Charles Thompson, Secretary of Congress. May 27, 1785. United States Treasury Office Copy of a letter from John Skelton Williams, Comptroller of Currency, to Honorable William E. Cox, Congressman from Indiana, about criticisms. Washington, D.C. October 17, 1916.","Coat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941.","Scope and Contents Aspen Hill High School near Pendleton Station, 1885-1886 Catalogue. Atlantic University, Virginia Beach, Bulletin for Summer Session. 1931. Blackstone Female Institute, \"Programme of...Commencement Exercises....Blackstone Female Institute, Session 1898-'99\" College of Henrico, pamphlet of an address delivered by W. Gordon McCabe on May 31, 1911, \"The First University of America,\" typed extracts concerning Henricopolis and the college on the site, carbon copy of a report on the College of Henrico, Richmond Times-Dispatch article dated December 7, 1930 about the \"Colonial Dames' Prize Essay, Henricopolis and the College by Angie E. Turner\" and an undated Sunday Magazine Section story written by Priscilla Williams on \"Henricopolis, America's First College.\" Episcopal Female Institute, Winchester, Virginia, cover for 1890-1891 catalogue. Hampton Institute, music programs from 1944-1949. Hampton-Sydney, 1942 Honor Roll booklet, a newspaper article on the 1904 pledge signing, and a 1944 Alumni Association newsletter about the beginning of the college. Norfolk Academy, booklet with all attendees from 1728-1927. Radford Normal School, Radford, Virginia, bound stenographic report of the arguments in the investigation of charges brought by the Radford Record against R.J. Noell, Secretary-Treasurer of the Radford State Normal School. Contains arguments of E. Lee Trinkle and Richard E. Byrd. December 16, 1913. Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Virginia, brochure. Handwritten note on the cover, \"Disappointed again. R.E. Blackwell.\" Undated. Richmond Female Institute, stock shares ledger sheets from 1854 and a June 2, 1893 Commencement Invitation. Roanoke College, catalogs for 1887-1888 and 1889-1890. South Carrenton University School, Warrenton, VA, Prespectus, 1891-1892 Theological Seminary in Virginia, Booklet entitled \"History \"Of the Old Seminary on 'The Hill'\". 1923. University of Richmond, printed photographs of the Canon Memorial Chapel. 1 sheet. Undated. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. 1949 invitation to Founder's Day exercises, newspaper article on \"Changed Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts, the Views of Professor R.H. Dabney, dated October 4, 1891, minutes of the December 19, 1947 meeting of the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia, circular of the Young Men's Christian Association at the University of Virginia dated October 1, 1866 and brochure with the poem, \"The Fostering Mother\" delivered June 14, 1898 \"at the Inauguration of the New Buildings of the University of Virginia, Replacing those Destroyed by Fire October 27, 1895\" by Armistead C. Gordon. Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, catalogues for 1886-1887 and 1889-1890. Virginia Mechanics Institute, Richmond, Virginia, appointment letter, signed by B.A. Myers, to be on the \"Committee of Judges\" at the 3rd Annual Exhibition, dated October 21, 1857. 4 copies, addressed to four different people. Flyer announcing the fourth Annual Exhibition on October 19, 1857. Undated newspaper article about reestablishing the school after the war. Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, Military Ball Invitation. July 4, 1856. Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind, Staunton, Virginia, March 19, 1909, issue of the Goodson Gazette, Staunton, VA, with an article on the School for the Blind and a printed page with pictures of the school, undated. Virginia Teacher's Cooperative League, photostat of the 1898 Charter. Two page report \"Genesis of the Virginia Teacher's League, Progenitor of the Virginia Education Association,\" Mt. Jackson, July-August, 1898 by J. Luther Kibler. Washington and Lee, Lexington, Virginia, booklet about the 1939 fancy dress ball.","Post Office: Documents addressed to the Postmasters in Langerville, Augusta County, Virginia and Spartapolis, Rockingham County, Virginia. 1841-1860. 3 items. Postal Route: Letter to Col. C.C. Herbert of Richmond, Virginia from A. Betts, Wharton, concerning the mail run between Brownsville (Texas) and Wharton. September 23, 1862.","Announcement of semi-monthly meeting, addressed to Henry Wheatland. April 11, 1851.","Announcement of Stockholder meeting. Jersey City, New York. 1920.","Richmond Times-Dispatch article, \"Berkeley is Restored.\" Richmond, Virginia. Undated.","Meeting announcement of the Bibliographic Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 9, 1946.","Performance Program for sixth anniversary. September 26, 1806.","Typed rough draft of a letter about reunions for Camp Sequoyan in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Norfolk, Virginia and other places. Undated.","Illustrated broadside advertising subscriptions for rebuilding the Kotoku-In Buddhist temple in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, best known for its 13th-century Daibutsu (Great Buddha statue). Also includes a receipt from the Director of Kotoku-In for a donation for rebuilding the temple.","The front and back cover of the Farmer's Register, published in Petersburg, Virginia.  The editor and proprietor is Edmund Ruffin. Samuel Fauntleroy or J. H. Cocke are written on the top of some issues.  Complete issue for December 31, 1838.  1837-1842.","Meeting announcement of the Huguenot Society, Richmond, Virginia. October 17, 1942.","One programs for 1946 and one invitation for 1944. Newport News, Virginia.","Invitation and certificates for C.P. Matthaci. 1883, 1886 and 1895.","List of Company's legal correspondents, by state. June 1867.","Coal Office of the Morris Canal and Banking Company of Newark, New Jersey to a Boston, Massachusetts client about commission costs. April 1, 1939.","Includes a printed information sheet about the National Home Finding Society who search for \"waifs and foundlings, born and unborn and deserted and abused children and finding real homes for all orphans…\" Among other things, the sheet tells how to dress and how to talk with people at their door when canvassing for children. A postcard with an airplane view of \"Plan, Beach, River, Yorktown, Boats, Planes, Stock, Farm and some Buildings needed.\" Banner in postcard, \"National Orphanage Home and Grounds, All Races and Denominations.\" Bottom of postcard says, National Orphanage, Gloucester Point, Virginia, Rev. M.M. Smith, Field Supt. The back is filled with printed information from their 1921-22 report.","Letter by Richmond Virginian to Manufacturer's Paper Company for a paper order. Richmond, Virginia. March 16, 1911.","Sons of Temperance Financial Report. Virginia. 1854.","Articles of the Union Bank of Georgetown in Virginia. On the back, there is a note signed by Robert Beverley. September, 1809.","Catalogue of \"Exhibition of Contemporary Portraits.\" 1929. Resolutions of the Virginia Historical Society for Funds. Richmond, Virginia. Sent to P.R. Carrington in Richmond, Virginia. June 25, 1881.","Announcement of a public festival for \"Harrison and Reform\" by the Whigs of Berkeley County, Virginia to be held September 10, 1840. Included on the announcement is a letter to Philip R. Fendall, Washington City from Charles Janus Faulkner of Berkeley Springs, Virginia. Mr. Fendall was a lawyer and a senator. Letter to Mrs. Louisa…of Portsmouth, Virginia sending the minutes of the Whig's Ladies Meeting in Richmond, Virginia which discuss erecting a statue of Henry Clay. 1844. Letter from Reverdy Johnson in Baltimore, Maryland to Jonathan Chapman in Boston, Massachusetts about the Whig Party convention. August, 1844. Letter from William Pennington to Jonathan Chapman about the Whig Party. September 9, 1844."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:05:04.720Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66","viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66","viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers","Financial Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers","Financial Records"],"text":["Duke family law firm papers","Financial Records","Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes"],"title_filing_ssi":"Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes","title_ssm":["Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes"],"title_tesim":["Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-1908; 1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884/1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bound Financial Records in Oversize Boxes"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":55,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1320,"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#55","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:27:34.066Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_66.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106865","title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers"],"title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"text":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66","Duke family law firm papers","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke and Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.","The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library. ","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874 but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many but not all of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc. and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr. was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records dating from the 1880's provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.","This addition to the Duke law firm papers came to the law library after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift, and was given by William E. Duke, Jr. and Lucy D. Kinne. These papers are principally legal files from the law firm for the years 1904-[1942-1948]-1954 and financial records of the Duke family, and their arrangement follows that of the original gift.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family ","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"creator_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"creators_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift of Helen R. Duke in 1979.","The addendum to the papers of the Duke and Duke law firm was donated by William E. Duke and Lucy D. Kinne to the Law Library in October of 1985 after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["108.5 Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["108.5 Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWalker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke and Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke and Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874 but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many but not all of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc. and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. General office correspondence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr. was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records dating from the 1880's provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addition to the Duke law firm papers came to the law library after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift, and was given by William E. Duke, Jr. and Lucy D. Kinne. These papers are principally legal files from the law firm for the years 1904-[1942-1948]-1954 and financial records of the Duke family, and their arrangement follows that of the original gift.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library. ","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874 but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many but not all of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc. and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr. was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records dating from the 1880's provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.","This addition to the Duke law firm papers came to the law library after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift, and was given by William E. Duke, Jr. and Lucy D. Kinne. These papers are principally legal files from the law firm for the years 1904-[1942-1948]-1954 and financial records of the Duke family, and their arrangement follows that of the original gift."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family ","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Duke family ","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898"],"famname_ssim":["Duke family "],"persname_ssim":["Duke, Richard Thomas Walker (R. T. W.), 1822-1898","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1908,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:27:34.066Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c05_c56"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Box 1","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01_c03"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9963","viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9963","viw_repositories_2_resources_9963_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Coleman-Kimbrough papers","Series 4: Mary Haldane Begg Coleman"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Coleman-Kimbrough papers","Series 4: Mary Haldane Begg Coleman"],"text":["Coleman-Kimbrough papers","Series 4: Mary Haldane Begg Coleman","Box 1","Box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Box 1","title_ssm":["Box 1"],"title_tesim":["Box 1"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1867-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1867/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Box 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Coleman-Kimbrough papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":15,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Singleton Moorehead was an architect for Colonial Williamsburg. \nJanet Haldane Coleman Kimbrough was in the first coed class at William and Mary and received a medical degree from the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Preston Coleman was born May 4, 1870 to Cynthia Beverley Tucker Washington Coleman and Charles Washington Coleman. He was a civil engineer who served as city engineer of Winona, Minnesota. He married Mary Haldane Begg (1875-1967) in 1900 and moved back to Williamsburg, Va. in . He served on the Virginia Highway Commission and as Virginia Superintendent of Highways. Coleman served on the Board of Visitors of the College of William and Mary, as mayor of Williamsburg, Va. and as president of the Peninsula Bank. He died June 16, 1948. \nHe and Mary Haldane Coleman were the parents of two children: Janet Haldane Coleman who married and divorced Raymond DeVan Kimbrough, Sr. and Cynthia Beverley Coleman Moorehead who married Singleton Moorehead.Cynthia Moorehead lived in Williamsburg but suffered ill health (lupus) much of her life. Singleton Moorehead was an architect for Colonial Williamsburg. \nJanet Haldane Coleman Kimbrough was in the first coed class at William and Mary and received a medical degree from the University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMove from Coleman Wilson Collection\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes correspondence as a child with mother, father, brother and sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes correspondence as a child with mother, father, brother and sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letters to Eva Saunders of \"Flat Creek, \" Campbell County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letter to Eva Saunders of Lynchburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes correspondence with Eva Saunders of Lynchburg, Virginia, Anna Fuller and James F. Plummer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letters to MHBC from Robert Burns Begg of Edinburgh (her godfather), Robert Burns Begg of Kinross, Dr.Orr Deas of Edinburgh, J. R. Maben, Annie W. Gwathmey, Peronneau Brown. Includes a handwriting analysis done for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letter of Anna Roosevelt written while MHBC is in Prussia with the Henrici family studying to be a governess.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letters from England and Scotland. Acceptance of her sketch, \"The Cox of St. Bride's\" for the Evening Post, New York, New York. Includes hand drawn program for performance at \"Ivy Cliff,\" of Blaubart in German as well as letters to her sister Isobel Begg\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letters concerning MHBC's engagement to George Preston Coleman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letter of Dallas Tucker returning stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes letter about MHBC's first visit to Williamsburg and a letter of James Deas, Glasgow, Scotland.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Move from Coleman Wilson Collection","File includes correspondence as a child with mother, father, brother and sister.","File includes correspondence as a child with mother, father, brother and sister.","File includes letters to Eva Saunders of \"Flat Creek, \" Campbell County, Virginia.","File includes letter to Eva Saunders of Lynchburg, Virginia.","File includes correspondence with Eva Saunders of Lynchburg, Virginia, Anna Fuller and James F. Plummer.","File includes letters to MHBC from Robert Burns Begg of Edinburgh (her godfather), Robert Burns Begg of Kinross, Dr.Orr Deas of Edinburgh, J. R. Maben, Annie W. Gwathmey, Peronneau Brown. Includes a handwriting analysis done for her.","File includes letter of Anna Roosevelt written while MHBC is in Prussia with the Henrici family studying to be a governess.","File includes letters from England and Scotland. Acceptance of her sketch, \"The Cox of St. Bride's\" for the Evening Post, New York, New York. Includes hand drawn program for performance at \"Ivy Cliff,\" of Blaubart in German as well as letters to her sister Isobel Begg","File includes letters concerning MHBC's engagement to George Preston Coleman.","File includes letter of Dallas Tucker returning stories.","File includes letter about MHBC's first visit to Williamsburg and a letter of James Deas, Glasgow, Scotland."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Kimbrough, Janet C. (Janet Coleman)","Coleman, Charles Washington, 1862-1932","Coleman, Mary Haldane Begg, 1875-1967"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Kimbrough, Janet C. (Janet Coleman)","Coleman, Charles Washington, 1862-1932","Coleman, Mary Haldane Begg, 1875-1967"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:18:57.812Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9564_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Box 2","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePapers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26","viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26","viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Cities Collection","Series 26: Richmond","39.4 V82ci Virginia Cities - Richmond"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Cities Collection","Series 26: Richmond","39.4 V82ci Virginia Cities - Richmond"],"text":["Virginia Cities Collection","Series 26: Richmond","39.4 V82ci Virginia Cities - Richmond","Box 2","Papers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings."],"title_filing_ssi":"Box 2","title_ssm":["Box 2"],"title_tesim":["Box 2"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1739-1931"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1739/1931"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Box 2"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":113,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings."],"_nest_path_":"/components#25/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:52:45.001Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8763","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8763.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Cities Collection","title_ssm":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1663-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1663-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.4 V82ci","/repositories/2/resources/8763"],"text":["Mss. 39.4 V82ci","/repositories/2/resources/8763","Virginia Cities Collection","Alexandria (Va.)--History","Blue Ridge Springs (Va.)","Charlottesville (Va.)--History","Danville (Va.)--History","Fredericksburg (Va.)--History","Hanover Courthouse (Va.)--History","Harrisonburg (Va.)--History","Hopewell (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--Tercentenary","Jamestown (Va.)--History--20th century","Lexington (Va.)--History","Norfolk (Va.)--History","Petersburg (Va.)--History","Providence Forge (Va.)--History","Strasburg (Va.)--History","Virginia--History--17th century","Virginia--History--18th century","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--History--20th century","Washington (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Woodstock (Va.)--History","African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","College of William and Mary--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","College of William and Mary--Students","College theater--United States","Community theater","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Gardening--Virginia","Horticultural literature","Jamestown Exposition (1907)","Jamestown Festival (1957)","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Legal documents","Lynchburg (Va.)--History","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Physicians--Virginia--Williamsburg","African American physicians","Account books","Catalogs","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Alphabetical by name of city.","Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011.","Added to collection in 2019 from backlog ephemera.","Mss. 39.4 V82co Virginia Counties Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library"," Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library"," Many other accessions relating to cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia are in the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library.  Please check the subject index for the name of the city. Also, you can use the search box on the top right corner, being sure to check the \"Include Box Lists.\""," Artifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)","Artificial collection of papers relating to various cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia.","A newspaper clipping concerning dead towns in Virginia.  1 piece.","Scope and Contents History of Christ Church. 3 p. 15 1/2 cm. Christmas card from Old Presbyterian Meeting House from William Buckner and Mr. Croarty. undated. Letter to Earl Gregg Swem from Josephine Weeks about buying a newly made print from Colonel Gilpin's \"Plan of Alexandria, 1798.\" June 17,1944. Alexandria businesses papers: envelope from Garrett and Monroe, card from Gwin, Beckham and Company Commission Merchants and Andrews Studios. undated. List of names and inscriptions on gravestones at Christ Church, Old Presbyterian Meeting House and Bethlehem Cemetery by George Magruder Battey. Carbon Copy. June 1, 1944. History of St. Paul's Church, Fairfax Parish, 1810-1932 by Margery Arden Hall. Copy. \"Financial statement and report and list of subscribers and pewholders of Saint Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church in Fairfax","Bath is in present day Berkeley County, West Virginia.","Papers of Thomas Marshall Hunter, Morgantown, W.Va. Typed copy of an act for establishing a town at the Warm Springs in the county of Berkeley.  October 1776. 1 piece. A list of original purchasers of lots in Bath, Berkeley County.  1 piece.  Extracts from the minutes of the trustees of Bath.  1 piece. An excerpt from Thomas Jefferson's Notes of Virginia.  1793. 1 piece. Copies of newspaper advertisements of stores and boarding houses. 1781.  3 pieces.","Scope and Contents Advertisement card for travel from Lynchburg, Virginia. undated.","Scope and Contents Music festival 1931. Advertising folder. Letter inviting people to visit a new academy established at the Midway under Mr. Pike Powers, formerly professor of Mathematics at Hampton Sydney. Signed by the nine professors. July 17, 1838. Affidavit signed by the Librarian of the Library of the University of Virginia on July 10, 1848 that the letter was copied from the Richmond Enquirer collection on July 10, 1848. Brochure of photographs of the buildings at the University of Virginia. A 1\" x 3.5\" calendar for 1927 from President Alderman is attached. 1927. Prints of engravings: \"View of the University of Virginia\" and \"University of Virginia, Charlottesville.\" undated. Letter from W.W. Gilmer of Charlottesville to the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia recommending A.P. Abell as Proctor of the University. Partial letter from an unknown person at the University about new professorships, lack of money, who might be retiring and the increase from 32 to 50 Virginia students. April 4, 1856. Letter from Edwin M. Mann of the Chambers of the Judge of the Hustings Court in Petersburg, Virginia to Capt. W. Roane Ruffin, Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia about recommending Mayor R.W. Jones for Chair of General and Applied Chemistry and Pharmacy. September 23, 1884. \"College Topics\", Volume VII, Number 4, a publication of the University of Virginia which gives and account of the burning of the Rotunda. November 4, 1895. Sent by John Stewart Bryan on February 10, 1936. Editorial to the Enquirer by W.A. Turner about a proposed bill to consolidate the medical department at the University of Virginia and the Medical College at Richmond. undated. Mimeograph copy of a letter to Miss Nannie from Sallie J. Doswell about the advertising costs in her new edition of the condensed history of the University. March 21, 1911. A small book of \"A Partial Roster of Eminent Alumni\" of the \"University of Virginia in the Service of the Republic.\" undated. University of Virginia Alumni News. December 1926. University of Virginia commencement programs. June 29, 1855, June 27, 1856 (2 copies), June 29,1857 (2 copies) and July 4, 1860 (2 copies).","Scope and Contents A historical and descriptive article. undated. 1 piece. Typed copy of an act incorporating the town, 1749. 1 piece. Typed copy of a list of residents of Dumfries found in the ledger of Daniel Payne, merchant. 1758-1761. 1 piece. Typed list of merchants residing in Dumfries. 1789. 1 piece. A Short historical sketch of the Dumfries lodge of Masons, 1797-1830, including a list of members in 1798. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents A print, \"Fortress Monroe, Va. and Its Vicinity\" with a numbered legend of places on the picture. undated.","Day book of the corporation of Fredericksbug, Virginia. 28 April 1802 -- 28 February 1812. 80 pages. 12 3/4 x 7 3/4 inches. List of voters and militia in the corporation of Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1855. 48 pages. 13 3/4 x 4 1/4 inches. An illustrated descriptive folder. 1 piece. An envelope printed with six views of buildings. 1 piece. 1787-1840 Fredericksburg District Court Records: See Mss. Acc. 2008.319 Fredericksburg, Virginia District Court.","Scope and Contents Fredericksburg Street lottery tickets signed by Beck (sic) Welford. Over 50 tickets. Some tickets have the name of purchaser on the reverse side. 1826. 1 lottery ticket from St. Louis, dated March 6, 1817. Pages with photographs of State Teachers College. (Mary Washington University). 4 pages. undated. Printed letter to the \"communicants of St. George's Church\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia, asking for funds. undated. Statement of current expenses of St. George's Church in Fredericksburg, Virginia. February 19, 1872. Advertisement for \"Johnston and Company, Druggists and Apothecaries\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia. undated.","Numerical list of blanks and prizes in the Fredericksburg Female Charity School Lottery.  1805.  48 pages.  15 1/2 x 10 inches.","July 5, 1953 Daily Press newspaper clipping \"Historical Approach Used in the Selection of New Names for Hampton City Streets.\" Annual reports for the Committee for the Fort Monroe Museum and its successor, the Casemate Museum. 1951-1974.","Engraving of Hanover Court-House, possibly removed from a book.","Two prints of Harper's Ferry by W.H. Bartlett, 1838, showing different views. One newspaper print reproduction, \"Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Company.  1854. Three prints by G. Perkins, 1874, \"Harper's Ferry by Moonlight.\"","5 printed reproductions of photographs of buildings at the \"State Teacher's College\" in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Scope and Contents Flyers advertising \"Gooch\" and \"Little Miss Spruce\" trees by Winslow L. Gooch of Hopewell, Virginia.","Related material: See the Jamestown Corporation Records, 1946-1979, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; and the Jamestowne Society Papers, 1930-1966, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Papers, 1629-1952, relating to Jamestown, Va. Note: Items relating to Colonial National Historical Park and to Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Yorktown are filed under Williamsburg. See also: Map Collection.\n Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces."," Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items."," Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces."," Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats."," Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682."," Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. Undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase."," Photograph of a section of the church yard. Undated. 1 piece."," Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. Undated."," Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces."," Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece."," Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026 Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.","Photostat of Richmond TImes Dispatch, 1936 Jamestown Day\n Photostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936. ","John Page to William Sherwood Deed. 1681/2.","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).","Ephemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956. Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"","Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Postcard of rear view of Jamestown Church.  1930's newspaper article entitled \"National Memorial to the Progress of the Colored Race in America\" about Elder Lightfoot Solomon Michaux building a memorial at Jamestown.","Scope and Contents Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces. Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items. Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces. Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats. Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682. Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase. Photograph of a section of the church yard. undated. 1 piece. Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. undated. Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces. Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece. Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026 Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.\nPhotostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936.","Photostat copies: letter from Ellen M. Bagby of the Jamestown Committee of the APVA to Mr. Warner S. McCall of Gibson City, Illinois inviting him to Jamestown for the installation of the plaque honoring Edward Maria Wingfield; memo by Warner McCall read by Bishop Brown at the Annual meeting of the APVA and newspaper clippings of the event with picture of plaque.","Photostat copies of two early deeds from Jamestown from the Ambler Papers at the Library of Congress, \"Virginia:  Jamestown--Land Patents, Deeds, etc.\"         Four photographs from the National Park Service:         Plate 1:  Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,         Plate 2:  bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,         Plate 3:  fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and         Plate 4:  drawing of drinking mug, restored.","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing:  Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail.  (8 items).","Scope and Contents Ephemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956.  Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"","Four photographs from the National Park Service:","Plate 1: Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,","Plate 2: bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,","Plate 3: fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and","Plate 4: drawing of drinking mug, restored.","Ephemera from the 350th Anniversary of Jamestown. Includes the Virginia Department of Highways report on \"Traffic and the Jamestown Festival,\" \"Jamestown Festival Official Program,\" programs for the musical program at PBK in Williamsburg and the christening of the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, brochure entitled \"Souvenir of the Jamestown Festival 1957, Old World Heritage,\"Jamestown Festival brochure, brochure for \"The Founders,\" ticket stub for the festivities, and a Jamestown Anniversary Issue of the magazine \"Forth\".","Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown, undated for probably early 20th century. 2 copies of the Supplement to the Virginia Gazette, dated June 28, 1957, about the Jamestown Festival.\nJohn Page to William Sherwood Deed, 1681/82.","Lexington Lottery Tickets, signed by Fisher and Jordan. 5 tickets.","Scope and Contents Lynchburg art club. Catalog of exhibition, 1929. 1 sheet. Flyer for \"Lynchburg Institute for Young Ladies\" conducted by Mr. And Mrs. Meany. undated. A flyer for the Morgantown Female Academy which is to be run by Mr. and Mrs. Meany, 1845, and a flyer for St. Mary's Female Seminary (Maryland) written by E.J. Meany, Principal. undated.","Scope and Contents Envelope from the business, Messrs. Lee Taylor and Co., Leaf Tobacco. undated. Receipt of William Turner and John F. Powell. August 22, 1795. Receipt of Capt. William Turner and John Poe, July 21, 1821. Receipt of Walter Irvine, Samuel Irvine and Proper Powell, July 11, 1796.","Program of the seventh annual assembly of the Virginia branch of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1937.  1 piece. Program of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece. News letter of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece.","A note giving the wording of the act of incorporation. 1799. 1 piece.","An airplane view. 1 piece.","To the pioneers of Newport News, Va. A historical sketch by George B. West. 1911. Typed copy. 1 piece. The Mariners' Museum. By Homer L. Ferguson. 9 p. illus. 28 cm. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of merchants. 2 pieces.","Receipt for George [illegible] who lives at 453-21 Street, Newport News, Virginia.","Miscellaneous letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people, including an 1804 letter describing a fire in Norfolk, an 1826 polling list, and an 1830 funeral invitation.","Scope and Contents Papers, 1804-1950, relating to Norfolk, Va. An artificial collection of letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people. Includes letter, 1804, concerning fire in Norfolk; list, 1826, of votes for General Assembly election; funeral invitation, 1830; and printed material (Gray Lines Motor Tours schedule and advertisement, \"The Tidewater Trail,\" \"Norfolk's Historic Mace\" (1935), \"Christ Church Congregation\" by Robert Morton Hughes and program of \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's Most Unusual Church [First Baptist]); broadside describing exhibitions and activities of Norfolk Museum of Arts and Science; and photograph of woodcut showing Market Square. 14 items.","Original, printed and miscellaneous material. W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp. ALS. March 24, 1804. Includes typescript. 1 p. List of voters casting their vote for either George Loyall of John S. Steed as the next delegate from Norfolk to the General Assembly. April 24, 1826 1 p. PD. Invitation to attend the funeral of Col. William Anderson, Norfolk, Va. June 13, 1830. 1 item. PC. Pamphlet entitled, \"Christ Church Congregation,\" by Robert Morton Hughes. 1937. 13 pp. PM. Program of the \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's most Unusual Church, [First Baptist].\" 1950. 57 pp. PM. Schedule of Gray Line Motor Tours of the Norfolk and Virginia Beach area. 1929. 1 p. PM. \"The Tidewater Trail, a chronicle for Groups for Service Women in this Community,\" featuring an article about the Barton Myers home in Norfolk, Va. January 1, 1931. 16 pp. PM. A brief history and description of the Mace of Norfolk, entitled \"Norfolk's Historic Mace.\" 1935. 14 pp. PM. Advertising bill for Gray Line Motor Tours. n.d. 1 p. PM Advertisement of John B. Loughran, \"dealer in picture frames, looking glasses...and clocks,\" No. 182 Church St., Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 p. PM. Handbill describing exhibitions and activities of the Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences. n.d. 1 p. PM. Black and white photograph, 8\" x 10\", of a woodcut of Market Square, Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 item. Ph.","Scope and Contents S.W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp.  ALS.  Including typescript.  1 p.","Advertisement for subscription to the \"Day Book\" for Norfolk and Portsmouth residents. Ca. 1870. Note: Photographs from the 1907 Jamestown Exposition held in Norfolk, Virginia are filed under James City County, Virginia in the Virginia Counties Collection.","Scope and Contents Pocahontas Playbill. undated.","A letter from P.H. Drewry, 13 September 1922, regarding his proposed history of Petersburg. 1 piece. Tabb Street Presbyterian Church. List of members, 1867. Printed. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of business houses. 3 pieces.","Scope and Contents Photographs of the Virginia State College for Negroes in Petersburg, Virginia. undated. Account book from the Petersburg area. Earliest legible date is 1765. Partial. Fragile. Some names legible. Fragments of invoices from the Petersburg area. Fragile. Legible names: Mr. Buchanan, John Smith, Charles Hudson, Littlebury White, Buckner Raney, Mrs. Elizabeth Randolph and William Hamlin. 1759-1789. 8 items. Advertising card form the Davis Carriage Company. undated. Article on Blandford's Church from \"The Commonwealth Magazine\". June 1954. Report by the Association Preservation Petersburg Antiquities on the Pride Family and Pride's Field. Includes newspaper articles and photographs. February 4, 1938. Copy of legal document about moving a road near Blandford. Includes plat and list of all tithables on the land of Bollingbrook Ward. May 1787.","History of Portsmouth. By Mildred M. Holladay. In the Portsmouth Star, 19 January 1936. 1 piece. A deed given by Tapley Webb and others conveying a tract of land in Portsmouth to Purnal Pitts. 1812. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Six black and white photographs of the Providence Forge Mill showing inside and outside of mill. undated.","Papers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings.","Scope and Contents Newspaper clipping - \"Richmond, Virginia, in 1793, an unpublished manuscript of the Reverend Henry Toulmin, a visiting English clergyman (information obtained from Colonel Gamble, a merchant of Richmond). 1 item. [concluding article only]. Newspaper clipping of a letter, 17 April 1878, from S. Bassett French to John Letcher concerning the riot in Richmond, 2 April 1863. 1 item. Two copies of articles on the history of Richmond by Edward V. Valentine, William G. Stanard, Mary Newton Stanard, Douglas S. Freeman, H. J. Eckenrode and Sally Nelson Robbins, in the Richmond News-Leader, 29 December 1924. Advertising sheet of Richmond's business, enterprise and attractions. undated. 1 item. Prospectus of...Richmond, capital of Virginia [approaches to its history]...Whittet and Shepperson, 1937. 1 item. Photograph of an engraved view of Richmond. Engravings (2 copies) of \"Richmond from the James.\" New York: D. Appleton \u0026 Co., 1871. Engraving of Richmond, n.d.","Typescript (carbon copy) concerning Richmond Academy of Fine Arts. Printed card concerning Memorial Volume of Virginia Historical Portraiture, 1585-1830. Broadside, 1937, concerning exhibit of chapbooks and battledores at the Valentine Museum. Program, 1938, for Steuben Glass exhibit at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Program, 1939, of exhibit of watercolors by Edmund S. Campbell. Agreement (unexecuted carbon copy), 1918, between Manchester National Bank of Richmond and Bank of Commerce and Trusts. Photographs (printed) of Richmond buildings. Engravings of capitol building Richmond (London: Published 1831, I. T. Hinton \u0026 Simpkin and Marshall). Newspaper clipping, 1925, concerning Virginia House. Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell]. Filed in Mapcase. Advertising materials (cards, broadsides and blotters). 37 items. (One item, re: Dietz Publishing Company is filed in Mapcase).","Scope and Contents Broadside, 1 April 1875, of First Baptist Church, Richmond. Invitation, 1859, to Monumental Church. Invitation, 1865, to St. Paul's Church. Bulletin, 23 November 1930, of Second Baptist Church. Letter, 1846, concerning schooner, Caroline. Broadside (copies) concerning \"Civic Association\" and \"Committee on Charter Changes.\"","Scope and Contents 29 January 1882 J. A. Cantrell, [?] to Carrie Irwin, Grace Chapel. Impending visit of [?] Doggett and [?] Saunders. 1 p. ALS. 4 November 1890 Milton F. Paddock, Rector, St. Andrew's Church, Philadelphia, Pa., to Thomas Browder, Richmond, Va. Since Grace Church is to lose Dr. [?] Jackson, recommends Charles A. Rickseeker. 3 pp. ALS. 7 January 1895 Mary E. Warren [Richmond, Va.] to Dr. Jno. R. Wheat, [Richmond, Va.] Account of money spent fro Christmas decorations. 4 pp. ALS. 6 April 1895 Gynne A. Lyell, Richmond, Va., to President of the Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Expiration of terms of members of musical committee. 8 April 1895 Virginia M. Robinson, [Richmond, Va.], to President, Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church [Richmond, Va.] Music committee. 3 pp. ALS. 5 March 1917 Robert A. Goodwin, Richmond, Va., to Vestry of Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Resignation as assistant minister. 1 p. ALS. January 1918 Memorial to Lucy Ambler Mason by Vestry of Grace Church. 2 pp. TD. 15 March 1918 Alms Boxes Report. 1 p. D. 5 March 1918 Report of Junior Auxiliary. 2 pp. D. 16 January 1919 L. U. McCabe, The Chancel Chapter, Grace Church, Richmond, Va., to Mrs. E. O. McCabe et al. Solicitation for contributing members. 1 p. TL. Verso bears agenda for a meeting. 1 p. D. 25 March 1919 Report of Grace Church Auxiliary of the Red Cross. Signed Mary A. Randolph. 5 pp. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Chancel Guild. By L. U. McCabe. 4 pp. on 1 leaf. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Woman's Guild of Grace Episcopal Church. Lists donations to War Relief Fund, to Lucy Ambler Mason Leper Memorial Fund, to aid in Influenza Epidemic (soup and milk), to adopt French orphan, and given to Richmond charities. 3 pp. DS. 7 July 1919 William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Leaves town for a prolonged stay. 1 p. ALS. Encloses letter, 3 July 1919, of William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Vestry, Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, Richmond, Va. Resigning as vestryman. 1 p. ALS. 4 August 1919 William H. Palmer, Blacksburg, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Prevented by ill-health from attending vestry meetings and unable to attend duties as senior warden. 1 p. ALS. 5 January 1920; 8 March 1920 Minutes of vestry meetings. 4 pp. D. undated Report of Junior Auxiliary, signed by Maude Cooke, treasurer. 1 p. DS. undated Report of Chancel Chapter. Signed Lily Urquhart McCabe. 4 pp. ADS. undated Report of Primary Department, Grace Church Sunday School. 1 p. TD. undated Report of Grace Church Chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Paul. Signed by Stuart Cooke. 2pp. DS.","Organizations Letters, 1883, concerning Amateur Dramatic Club. Reports, 1856-1857, of board of directresses of Female Humane Association. Invitation, 1847, of Home Club [to meet at home of Joseph R. Anderson]. Four letters, 1853-1854, to Richmond Athenaeum (from Philip Slaughter, James F. Field, and J. Wood Johns). Announcement, 1884, of meeting of Richmond Microscopic Society. Broadside, 1931, concerning Virginia Historical Society. Two letters, 1911, of Grace M. Dodge re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of A. Beirne Blair re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of L. S. Joffe re: YMCA. Program, 1903, of Academy of Music. Program, 3 February 1930, The Artists Series of Concerts (Boston Symphony Orchestra). Legal Petition, ca. 1887, of A. A. Branch, executrix of her husband Thomas Branch's estate to award his daughter her annuity in one lump sum. Deed, 1858, of confirmation between Francis J. Brand, Willie Graseser, and Mary Selle and Charles Selle for a lot in Richmond [Brand was trustee for Mary Selle]. Deed, 1880, of confirmation by Joseph Francis Beyer to Glaser. Deed, 1907, between Isaac Digges and Benj. Barret for Isaac Digges interest in Va. Corporation Digest. Memorandum, 1823, re: John Van Lew \u0026 Co. Petition, 1869, of James Duke for a re-hearing in case of John Van Lew v. Duke. Account, 1836, re: selling of Swan Tavern. Third person letter re: lot on 12th St. Judgement, 1833, in Crump vs. Wren administrator, etc. Judgement, 1833, in Cotton \u0026 Clark. Notice, 1870, of motion for injunction in Ruper v. Sedgewick. Order, 1807, to pay Peter Gordon for defense of Alexander Spotswood. Deed, 1807, from Samuel McCraw and Geo. Fisher, trustees and Margretta West to Samuel Myers for Quesnay's Academy ground. Lease, 1861, from Spiro Zetila to Alfred Paul. Negative photocopy of letter, 1784, of Turner [?] to Clerk of Henrico re: lots in Richmond. Notes, 1888, concerning correspondence concerning a house and lot in Richmond.","Administrator, executor or guardian, 1856-1870. 46 items. Commissioner of revenue for the city of Richmond, 1856-1860. 3 items. Inspector of tobacco in the city of Richmond, 1871-1873. 3 items. Minister, 1861-1888. 18 items. Notary public for the city of Richmond, Hanover and Henrico counties, 1856-1893. 125 items. Sergeant of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Sheriff of the city of Richmond, 1856. 2 items. Treasurer of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Fragments of bonds. 2 items.","Scope and Contents Advertisements Advertisement, n.d., for a lecture by A. Edward Newton. Filed in Mapcase. Advertisement, 1939, Musicians Club of Richmond. Advertisement for lectures at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Advertisement for the Cavalcade of the Cavaliers Pageant. Advertisement for \"Strange Interlude\" by Eugene O'Neill at Lyric Theater. Advertisement, 1931, for Westinghouse Salutes Richmond. Posters Poster for San Carlo Opera at the Mosque. Filed in Mapcase. Poster, 18-19 May 1928, for Adventure Days in Richmond. Filed in Mapcase. Richard Adams Papers Accounts, 1785-1811, of Richard Adams [probably two men, one of whom died in 1800]. Bond, 1787, of Richard Adams (executor of Thomas B. Adams). Letter, 1792, to Richard Adams. Order, 1811, of Richard Adams. Bond, 1805, of Cyrus Griffin to Richard Adams. Order, 1810, of Cyrus Griffin. Bonds Fidelity bond, 1867, of Samuel C. Greenhow and William H. Haxall to administer estate. Fidelity bond, 1868, of John Johns, Jr., and Bradley T. Johnson. Bond, 1802, of John Mayo with Edward Carrington, trustee for Elizabeth Anne Mayo. Bond, 1854, of J. B. Morton, Hugh W. Fry, Arthur A. Morson, and John M. Patton with Richmond and York River Railroad. Bond, 1816, of Richard E. Parker and William Foushee, Sr, with trustees of Richmond Academy. Correspondence Letter, 1841, of George Jones to Committee of the Marshall Theater Request, 1822, of L. W. Dandridge, J. E. Dandridge, and James Rawlings, attorney for Rob. F. Dandridge, trustee for S. A. Williams. Correspondence, 1912, of Ordway Puller to Samuel B. Dunstan and statement of Dunstan re: sale of property. Programs Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (Johann Strauss). Program, 1930, of Adventure Days. Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (\"The Newly-Weds and their Baby.\") Program, 1905, of \"Magda\" at Lyric Theatre. Program, 1929, \"Marco Millions\" and other plays. Photographic images of Richmond Schools.","Scope and Contents History of Richmond's Social Service Societies of the 19th and 20th Centuries by Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fun handwritten cover by J. Luther Kibler when radio addresses acquired. Copies of typed radio addresses, Numbers 1-11 and 17 to 56, given by Elwood Street from 1942 to 1948. Includes correspondence between Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fund, and J. Luther Kibler about Mr. Street's articles in Virginia's county courthouses. Business card for \"Moore \u0026 Scott, Commission Merchants\" located at Nos. 1316 and 1318 Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia.","Scope and Contents Numbers 1 - 31 of the radio addresses entitled \"Richmond's Home Fires\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1942 and 1943.","Scope and Contents Numbers 23 - 56 of the radio addresses entitled \"War and Community\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1943.","Scope and Contents Brochures \"A Tour of Historic Richmond\" arranged for the convenience of guests in Richmond by Hotel John Marshall.  1940. \"Picturesque Richmond, Richmond, VA and her Suburbs\", published by the J.L. Hill Printing Company.  1891. \"Footpaths in Historic Richmond.\"  1944. Cardboard placard, \"This Virginia State Flag,\" about a flag made at No. 1 West Franklin Street in the winter of 1864-1865 by Sallie Radford Munford.  Placed by the Richmond Chaper, United Daughters of the  Confederacy.  1941. Buildings and Scenes Small pamphlet on the Virginia House in Winsor Farms. Copies of engravings of scenes in Richmond by Margeret Dasheill, Episcopal Home in Richmond, Virginia.  1940. Note card of St. John's Church.  undated. Copy of a woodcut of the Virginia Capitol Building by Frieda Koontz.  1939. Account of stewardship at the Craig House.  1937. Newspaper article on the Old Mud House in Powhatan County.  undated. Businesses and Advertisements Blank checks from Office of the Greenwood Mining Company on the Farmer's Bank of Virginia in 1800's, Citizen's Bank of Richmond in the 1880's, Mechanics' Bank in New York in the 1830's and George D. Mayo on the First National Bank in Richmond, Virginia in 1910. Writing paper from Murphy's Hotel (3 sheets) and an advertisement or paper covering for \"Dove's Comp. Fluid\" by S.E. Dove of Richmond, Virginia.  undated. Broadside for a sideshow presented by George J. Johnson and Son, Richmond.  Acts are Gazzell, Mermaid and the Sea and Punch and Judy.  undated. Brochure advertising the sale of \"Richmond, Capital of Virginia (Approaches to its History) by Various Hands\" published by Whittet and Shepperson.  1937. Gary's Autographic Tablet advertisement, manufactured and sold by A.J. Gary, Richmond, Virginia.  undated. \"Catalogue of Mme. Demorest's reliable Patterns of the Fashion.\"  1875. \"Richmond Produce Price Current\"  of  W.D. Tompkins and Bro., General Commission Merchants.  June 18, 1868. Advertisement for the sale of books by Richmond Authors in Historic Linden Row.  Linden Corner Book Sellers.  1953. Advertisement for William C. West, Architect and Superintendent.  1892. WRVA Brochures on their daily radio programs.  May 1947 – March 1951.","Scope and Contents Museums and Historical Societies Pamphlet and cards from the Valentine Museum. 4 items. Ca 1940's. Invitations and other material from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Ca 1940's. Papers General Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking people and businesses in Richmond for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly. February 29, 1924. Subscription to \"Hillyer's American Railroad Magazine\" from a subscriber in Richmond, Virginia. March 1, 1859. Legal Receipt from Thomas W. Doswell, Sheriff of Richmond. James L. and J.W. Richardson are mentioned. 1856. Religion Baptism certificate for Mary Latham Willis in the Broad Street Station in Richmond, Virginia by a member of the Virginia Conf. , M.E. Church, South. 1874. Card about \"A Popular Lecture by Rev. J.J. Lafferty\" at the Clay-Street Methodist Church. September 13. Back cover of a book from the Clay Street Sunday School Library. Social Miller and Rhoads announcement for a \"Book and Author Dinner.\" undated. Richmond Lodge, No. 10, request, \"Brother, You are requested to attend your Brethren at their Lodge Room, on Tuesday evening next, at 7 o'clock. By order of the Master. John Fox, Sec'y. Richmond, September 7, 1799. Memorial Bazaar flyer for bazaar to raise money for the Confederate Museum and monument. April 11, 1893. Invitation letter from the Junior League of Richmond for a Book and Author Dinner. March 26, 1948. Brochures from concerts and plays: \"A Streetcar named Desire,\" 1950; \"Carousel\"by the Astra Company of Richmond, undated; \"Annie Get Your Gun with Mary Martin,\" undated; \"The Howards of Virginia\", undated; newspaper review of La Argentina, undated; Boston Symphony Orchestra in 193 and T. Michaux Moody productions, \"Conchita Supervia\" in 1932, \"The Bluebird\" newspaper review and a brochure, \"Lawrence Tibbett\" in 1931. Proclamation by the Mayor of Richmond, J. Fulmer Bright, about the creation of \"The Virginia Capital Bicentennial Commission\" and proclaiming a Home-Coming Fortnight to be held September 12th, 1937. 2 copies. Brochure for \"Adventure Days\" conducted by Inter-Club Council. 1930. Brochure for \"Cavalcade of the Cavaliers\" at the Hotel John Marshall. September 13 to 25.","General Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking certain people and businesses for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly.  February 29, 1924.","Scope and Contents Three programs for the Richmond Theatre, undated, but probably the late 19th century. 1881 price list for John Laird's Green-houses, located at Grace and Broad, between Henry and Smith Streets. Also called Grace Street Gardens. Front cover of \"Catalogue of the Southern Female Institute\" in Richmond, Virginia for Session 1866-1867. D. Lee Powell, A.M., was the principal.","Scope and Contents Removed from Folder 2 Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell] Certificate of Master Craftsman for August A. Dietz, Jr. Removed from Folder 6 Poster for E. Edward Newton Lecture Handwritten San Carlo Opera poster \"Adventure Days in Richmond, Va\" poster.","Deed given by George D. White and wife, 12 March 1895, conveying certain lots in the city of Roanoke to Mrs. E. C. Barksdale. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Advertising card for \"Miss Millie Booz\" a \"fashionable Milliner and Mantuajaker.\" Found in 1830 Staunton Spectator. undated.","Contract with Isaac Sheetz to build the Strasburg Academy.","A note regarding the burning of Suffolk in 1779. 1 item.","Brochure on Washington, Virginia.","Scope and Contents An artificial grouping of papers, 1632-1973, relating to Williamsburg, Va. Includes maps, articles, drawings, letters, material concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, papers concerning the Black population, photographs of buildings, church bulletins, papers concerning civic organizations, deeds, leases, tax receipts, advertisements, papers concerning education and items relating to Colonial National Historical Park. The materials that comprise this collection were donated in batches to W\u0026M Special Collections Research Center by John D. Haskell, Jr., John Lawrence, Brian Blouet, Parke Rouse, and Staunton Aylor between the years of 1993 and 2001. Some materials in this collection were purchased by W\u0026M Special Collections Research Center. Related material: Material given by the Williamsburg Historic Records Association has been accessioned and filed individually. Enter \"Williamsburg Historic Records Association\" as \"Creator\" to see these accessions. Mss. 79 Sw4 Earl Gregg Swem Papers, 2008.364 addition: this group may originally have been part of folders 4 and 7 of the Williamsburg Papers. Mss. 1.09 Williamsburg (Va.) Ephemera Collection, 1892-[ongoing] Mss. 91 B38 Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, 1662-[ongoing] Mss. Acc. 1991.43 Williamsburg, Yorktown, and Jamestown (Va.) Photographs, circa 1890-1930 Some newspaper runs were removed from this collection and added the newspaper collection.","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town (in chronological order). Includes transcripts from printed sources.","Pencil sketch of the view of Williamsburg from the south (about 1860) by Mary Wall Christian from original by J. A. Graham.","Watercolor view of Williamsburg from the south by Emily Sneed from original by J. A. Graham.","Scope and Contents Blueprints of maps of Williamsburg. \"Palisades 1632-83\" (Colonial Williamsburg Research and Development Office, 1 November 1933). \"Maps showing location of Palisades 1632-83 in relation to Bland's Survey of 1699 and the layout of the City of Williamsburg\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., February 1949). \"Map showing approximate location of the 17th century horse path which went through Williamsburg prior to 1699 when this are was known as Middle Plantation\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., 3 October 1942).","Transcript of Earl Dunmore's letter - a historical and general view of Williamsburg.","Transcript of letters to George Washington concerning defense of Williamsburg from Charles Lee, 1776.","List of arms removed from Governor's Palace on 24 June 1775, by American colonists after Lord Dunmore's escape.","Scope and Contents Various articles from \"The Virginia Argus\" in early 19th century.","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, dated 15 October 1881, with an article and illustrations of Williamsburg at that time period.","Ordinances of the City of Williamsburg in effect 1 October 1895.","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.","National Geographic articles about Colonial Williamsburg dated 1954 and 1968.","Several programs from services commemorating I-Day and victory of WWII.","Booklet entitled Facts about Williamsburg and vicinity, dated 1900.","Booklet entitled Richmond to Jamestown via America's most historic river, dated 1938.","The Journal of American History, 1919, includes several photographs of Colonial Williamsburg and the College of William and Mary.","Charter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Filed in Locked Section.","Pen and ink sketch, photgraphic copies and correspondence with Earl Gregg Swem concerning the seal.","Photostatic copy of ten pages from Cornwallis' orderly book when he was in Williamsburg in 1781. A note concerning Pennsylvania officers near Williamsburg in the summer of 1781. A sketch of Patrick Henry addressing the Virginia Assembly.","Scope and Contents Papers relating to the Civil War. See also, addition Mss. Acc. 1995.39. Diary: 1861 Photographic copy of a diary and memorandum book of Samuel E. Holt, surgeon in the Confederate Army, stationed at Williamsburg and Yorktown, 3 September - 23 October 1861. (The original is in the possession of Mrs. Eva Rosseau, Williamsburg, Va.) Typescripts of letters: 1862 Typescripts of letter of Gen. Philip Kearny to his wife, 7 May 1862, and 15 May 1862. (Originals in the Library of Congress.) Letter: 4 October 1862 Robert F. Cole, Williamsburg, Va., to [?], certifying that his iron grey mare was taken from him by order of Lt. Col. Smith. Letter: 7 October 1862 Major J. P. Wilson, Head Quarters 5th Penna. Cavalry, to Captain G. C. Johnston, A.A.G., Yorktown, Va. stating when he will make a report of all the horses taken from citizens of Williamsburg. Letter: November 19, 1862. Mrs. M.N. Munford, Williamsburg, to Gen. [Henry A.] Naglee requesting his aid against thefts by runaway negroes and soldiers, especially the use of a government wagon to haul fuel and his assistance, in obtaining medicine for herself. Letter: 16 May 1865 Sallie Munford, at Tazewell Hall, to Lizzie Ewell, describing conditions in Williamsburg. Letter: 8 April 1866 Robert M. West at North East P.O., Cecil County, Maryland, to Benjamin S. Ewell concerning the theft of valuables from the home of Miss Gabriella Galt and destruction at the College of William and Mary by Union troops. Engraving: Engraving of the \"Battle of Williamsburg\" from the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers (Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co., Publishers, N.Y.) Correspondence and notes of Dr. Earl G. Swem about the Battle of Williamsburg.","Scope and Contents 1862 articles concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, 5 May 1862: New York Daily Tribune, 8 May 1862; New York Daily Tribune,10 May 1862, Pages 7-8; New York Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 1-2; New York Daily Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 11-12; New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 3-4 and New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 5-6. Brochure: \"Williamsburg in the Civil War\" published by the Williamsburg Civil War Committee. Photographs of drawings of Williamsburg and Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-Works, 6 May 1862. Description of the Battle of Williamsburg, Comte De Paris. Article on Fall of Fort Magruder.","The Peninsula Guide, 1936; The Cradle of the Republic - Williamsburg, Jamestown, \u0026 Yorktown, 1924; The Cradle of the Nation, 1931 and a brochure, \"When Washington's Sweetheart Fainted.\"","Scope and Contents Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated, June 1939-November 1941 Antiques Forum with an index of people, places, things, events and more. undated. Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1928 and December 1929.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from January - March, 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from April - June, 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from July - December 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1931 and December 1932.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between January 1933 and July 1935.","Minutes of the Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated.","Circulars, 1930-1939. Exhibition of American Folk Art bulletin","Scope and Contents September 1866 John Anderson, Claremont [?] to J. H. Crump, n.p. Asks him to reserve half his wages until 12 June 1868 V. C. Armstrong, Fort Monroe, Va., to Rev. A. Dunlop. Notification that repairs will be made to the church of which he is the pastor. 1 p. ALS. 26 May 1869 Appointment as Registering Officer for 3rd Registration Precinct for Alexander Dunlop. Signed by Edward [Richard Sprigg] Canby. 1 p. DS. 24 March 1874 Inventory of personal property of W. W. Cumber. Taken by Frank Smith, Norton Moses Weaver, \u0026 Samuel Smith. Appraised by County of York. 2 pp. D. undated Receipt for rent of school house to the Trustees of Public School No. 3 (A. Dunlop and F. S. Norton). 1 p. DS. debt to Alexander Dunlop [Williamsburg, Va.] is paid. 1 p. ALS. Obituary of Dr. James Blaine Blayton, Sr., a physician in Williamsburg, Virginia. December 18, 2002.","List to be sold by Dixon \u0026 Hunter, 11 February 1775 Dietz Press Listing","Photographs and descriptive material of buildings: Michel's drawing of Williamsburg buildings. 2 copies. Prints of buildings. Audrey House.","Capitol Court House (Old) Eastern Lunatic Asylum","Governor's Palace","Kerr-Vest Kitchen Market Square Tavern Masonic Hall Methodist Episcopal Church Powder Magazine Providence Hall","Data on the Public Prison compiled from original sources for The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by Elizabeth Schmucker Stubbs, 1929.","Raleigh Tavern Tazewell Hall Theater Travis House Tucker House Tyler House Benjamin Waller House Williamsburg Inn (Old) Williamsburg Inn (New) Wythe House Unidentified Buildings Williamsburg Property  Scrapbook of photographs of Williamsburg houses taken about 1921. Mounted photographs of Williamsburg houses.","Advertising sheets, brochures, cards, and newspaper accounts of banks and business houses.","Progress report.","Auction advertisements.","Factory catalog, 1991 (first catalog).","Controversy concerning sermon by the Rev. Cotesworth P. Lewis, 12 November 1967, before President Lyndon B. Johnson. Includes copy of sermon, newspaper clippings, statements from the Congressional Record. History of Bruton Parish Church. Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 13).","Organ recital programs, 1939-1941. One poster, 1943, filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 14). Weekley bulletins, 1928-1945.","Booklets, 1947 \u0026 1949.","Poster, 1951. Announcements, 1944-1946. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg. (folder 15a).","Announcements.","Bulletins, 1936-1938 \u0026 1942","Bulletins, 1943-1948","Bulletins, 1949-1953.","Announcements, brochures, bulletins, 1949. Brochure, Methodist Sites in Historic Williamsburg.","Bulletins.","Bulletins","Bulletins.","Epworth League program.  Winter 1924.","Scope and Contents Pamphlet for \"A Call to Prayer\" on the wsorld Day of Prayer sponsored by the United Council of Church Women. March 4, 1949. \"Bicentennial of Worship\" article from the Daily Press about the First Baptist Church formed by African Americans. 1996.","American Civic Association Correspondence. Cleaning up. n.d. Community Center, 1954. Community Christmas Events. Community Counvil. Community Fund, 1953. Community Sings. County Council of Women's Clubs. Youth Welfare Council.","American Association of University Women. Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Colonial Capitol Branch: List of members, 1916. Notice, 1939. Business Men's Association, 1901. Chautauqua Association. Exchange Club flyers. (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 17). Garden Club: Garden Week. Newspaper articles, 1973. Programs, 1935-1936. Brochures, 1950-1956. Yearbook, 1941-1942. Garden Symposium.","Lion's Club. Officers' Wives Club. Pulaski Club: Two letter heads and one newspaper clipping. Red Cross: One membership card, 1929. Soroptimist Club. Swimming Club. Tidewater Guidance Clinic. United Service Organizaitons Club. United World Federalists. Virginia Federation Home Demonstration Club. Williamsburg Film Study Group. Williamsburg Junior Chamber of Commerce. Williamsburg Regional Library Association. Young Women's Club.","Programs.","American Association of University Women: Program and ballot, 1930. Hampton Roads Chemists' Club: Circular, 1931. National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Poetry Society: Programs, 1928-1936. Society of American Archivists. Southeastern Regional Conference of Law Teachers. Virginia Society, Sons of the American Revolution.","Scope and Contents Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of John Dameron with Secretary Thomas Nelson, with account of certificate recorded by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Castleton Harper and John Curd in account with Secretary Thomas Nelson, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of Colonel Joshua Fry with Secretary Nelson. Signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, April 1768 Account of Samuel Havistone, 1766, with the auditors with statement of account by Robert Prentis, Williamsburg. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1768 Account of John \u0026 Gerry Smith with Secretary Thomas Nelson with account of recording certificate for probating Smith's bill, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Bassett, William, 1717 Indenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883 Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Photostatic copy of indenture, 1 February 1823, between Thomas Nelson, Jr., George Washington Nelson, William Meade, and Thomasia (Nelson) Meade, his wife, and Dr. Alexander Galt for the purchase of a house and lot by Dr. Galt. 2 pp. Cy of DS. John T. James, 1859 Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. (Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Receipt of Samuel R. Mouzon for his share of the estate of William Nelson of Williamsburg, $218.64 1/2. 1 p. DS. Tyler [ ], 1812 Typed copy of an advertisement by in the Richmond Enquirer, 2 October 1812, offering for rent a dwelling in Williamsburg, recently occupied by Chancellor Tyler.","Teterel, Francis: Policies and premium receipts. 1807-1925 Waters, Sarah: Policies and premium receipts. 1796-1799 Webb, Walter W.: Receipt for premium. 1825.","Wedding Announcement, 1939","Deed given by the trustees on the city of Williamsburg to John Custis conveying three lots in the city. Signed by John Clayton and William Robertson","Indenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883","Anderson, Robert A contract for purchase of corn and fodder from John T. Marston. 1835. Cocke, Doctor Doctor Cocke of old Williamsburg. A printed article. Reprinted form the Medical Times, October 1936. Fresheau [Freneau], Peter Peter Fresheau [Freneau], Williamsburg, Virginia, to Mrs. Maryanne Scott, New York, 25 April 1749. Order to pay Charles Stewart the sum of five pounds sterling. Hundley, Jack \"They've sold the town.\" poem. 1929. Hunter, William Typed memoranda concerning William Hunter. Johnson, James James Johnson vs. Henry Wilson. Suit. 1842. Parks, Eleanor Typed copy of renunciation of benefit from will of William Parks. 1750. Parks, William Typed copy of will. 1750. Correspondence concerning a memorial to William Parks. 1922. Pelham, Ann Creese Silhouette of Ann Creese Pelham, wife of Peter Pelham. Richard, Milly Vicksburg, Miss., to Captain Thomas Russell, n.p., Va. 8 July 1868. A former slave who belonged to Scervant Jones inquires about her relations. She was Milly Armstrong. 2 pp. ALS. Rind, William Copy of inventory and appraisement of the estate of William Rind. 1773. Scott, Robert G. Typed copy of an advertisement of Robert G. Scott, attorney. In the Richmond Enquirer, 27 October 1812. Smith, Sydney Williamsburg, Va., to Henry Smith, 1/2 Way House, York Co., Va., 23 February 1854. Discusses local grassroots politics and his intention to run for Commonwealths attorney. 3 pp. ALS. Taliaferro, Charles Typescript about portrait. Warwick, Eliza Typed copies of correspondence of Eliza Warwick of Williamsburg, Va., 1801-1803. Originals in the Valentine Museum.","Affidavits denying that demonstrations were made against the United States by Williamsburg militia.  1872.","Announcements, newspaper clippings, etc.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Scope and Contents Advertisements and other written material for moving pictures. Poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" is filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 29).","Garland of Spring Carols.","Receipt for the subscription to the Virginia Gazette., 1930 Outline of W. J. Johnston as editor of the Virginia Gazette.","Programs and posters.","Sheet of paper made by the Williamsburg Restoration illustrating the water mark of William Parks.","Barter Theater and Children's Theater Programs, announcements. Little Theater League., 1929-1938 Programs, announcements, and posters. Other Organizations, 1785, 1925-1930 Notes, programs, circulars, and posters.","Addresses and cards.  1875, 1924, 1931, 1948","Dedication program, 12 May 1962.","The Evening Press. Catalog of type specimens. The Williamsburg Bulletin (1945), Gardiners Virginia Gazette (1942) and The Evening Press (July 1942).  All of the above were edited and printed by Joseph Rowe Gardiner.","Scope and Contents Souvenir booklet of the Williamsburg Pre-Restoration Old-Timers reunion, November 1-2, 1980 (Samuel \"Billy\" D. Royall, printer).","Williamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy. Letters of application and recommendation for teaching position in the proposed male and female schools, 1849. Williamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy.","Photostats, 1811 Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia to Carter Berkeley, pertaining to schools in Williamsburg, 1811. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 32). Advertisement, 1805 A newspaper advertisement concerning Mr. Anderson's school for young ladies. Photostatic copy. April 30, 1805, Richmond Enquirer. Letter, 1820 A letter from Margaret Page, at Williamsburg, to John Page, at Union Town, Monroe County, Virginia, 19 January 1820, mentioning the opening of Mr. Morse's school for young ladies. (See Page-Saunders Papers, Folder 1). Letter, 1849 William Hodges, Washington, D.C., to Robert McCandlish, Williamsburg, Va., concerning the rental of his house for the Female School. 10 June 1849. 2 pp. ALS Williamsburg Female Academy, 1849-1852, 1862 A circular letter from Hubert P. LeFebvre, at Richmond, 21 August 1849. Catalog. 1851-1852. Typescript of a letter application from John K. Noel for a teaching position, noting his experience as principal of both the Williamsburg Female and Male Academies. 1862. Williamsburg Male Academy, 1855 Printed circular. 1855. Williamsburg Military School (Morressett \u0026 Peyton), 1852-1853 Letter, 1840 A letter from E.G. and M.R. Gatliff, at Williamsburg, to James Baytop, at Springfield, Gloucester Court House, 7 April 1840, concerning a girls' school. (See Gloucester County Papers, Folder 3). Bills, 1848, 1868 Bills for school supplies and tuition. 1848 and 1868. Copies. Book List A list of school books. Copy from a paper of Judge Frank Armistead of Williamsburg, Virginia. Female Seminary, 1880 See Armistead Papers, Folder 1.","Matthew Whaley, 1923-1931, 1943, 1945 Circulars and programs. 1923-1931. (new MW opened 15 September 1930, per The Powder Horn, October 1930). Dramatic Club bulletins and poster. Graduation invitation, 1945. Programs, 1943. Program for the George Washington Bicentennial, 1932. The Powder Horn, the school newspaper, March 1928, October - December 1930. Bruton Heights School Commencement invitation, concert program. Miscellaneous Rawls Byrd, History of the Public Schools in Williamsburg. Facts on Public Schools brochures, 1972-1973. 1984. \"Pride in the Past,\" American Education Week, November 11-17. From the Virginia Gazette. Teachers' Guides \"Eighteenth Century Life in Williamsburg, Virginia.\" \"The War and Elementary School Instruction in American Colonial Life.\"","1 photograph.","List of paid Capitation Taxes for 1946, 1947 and 1948 on or before May 7, 1949 and for 1947, 1948 and 1949 on or before December 12, 1949.","Scope and Contents \"A Bibliography on the Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg\" by Elsie Alderson.","Scope and Contents Flyers, pamphlets and more on the Colonial National Monument, \"A Brief History of and Guide Book to Jamestown, Williamsburg and Yorktown\" by Rutherfoord Goodwin (signed by the author), \"A Historic Old Virginia Pilgrimage\" brochure for taking a cruise to the Williamsburg area on April 29 - May 1, 1930 and brochures and reprints about Williamsburg, Jamestown and Yorktown. Tourist hardback book, \"Historic Peninsula of Virginia,\" distributed by Stone and Webster, Inc. in 1928. Photostatic copy of newspaper account of Jamestown Day, May 13. Year unknown.","A Proposed Zoning Ordinance for the City of Williamsburg, 1945. Zoning Ordinance Adopted 1947.","Scope and Contents Oversized items removed from Mss. 39.4 V82ci Williamsburg Papers. Organized by the folder from which they were removed. Folder 3: Williamsburg Charter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Folder 13: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Folder 14: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster for \"Lecture Recital at Bruton Parish Church...Dr. David McK. Williams.\" 1943. Folder 15a: Churches - Christian Science Monitor, 1951 poster for a lecture by Claire Rauthe and 1944-45 free lecture announcements. Folder 17: Clubs and Organizations - The Exchange Club flyers, 1949-1954. Folder 19: Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. Folder 29: Moving Pictures - Large poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" to be held at the Williamsburg Theater. undated. Folder 32: Schools - Private Schools - Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia, to Carter Berkeley pertaining to schools in Williamsburg. 1811","Letter written by W. Fred Andrews of Gahanna, Ohio to Parke Rouse, Jr. reminiscing about his days as a student at the College of William and Mary. 3 pp. June 22, 1974.","ALS of C.P. Armistead, Williamsburg to the Hon. R. Taylor Scott, Richmond, Virginia, dated 27 May 1893 regarding his brother running for office, probably the Electoral Board of James City County.","Photocopies of newsclippings, journal articles, and Bruton Parish Bulletins about the 1991 dig by New Agers to search for evidence in the Bruton Parish Churchyard, Williamsburg, Virginia, to support the controversial claim that Sir Francis Bacon wrote Shakespeare's plays plus a formula for establishing world peace. August 20, 1992 photographs of Bruton Parish Churchyard digs with Marley Brown, archaelogist of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. One photograph shows the Middleton Vault.","Scope and Contents Handwritten letter from Samuel Putnam, Union soldier and Orderly in the 25th Massachusetts Volunteers while at Camp West near Williamsburg to his father. Putnam writes about the occupation of Williamsburg by Union soldiers, the destruction of the College of William and Mary, the \"insane asylum\" and his theft from a Williamsburg home of several letters by Thomas Jefferson, several letters by \"revolutionary maidens\" and one letter by Richard H. Lee.","One page from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper of March 10, 1887, entitled \"Virginia a day in a historic town--views of old Williamsburg.\"","Scope and Contents Fragment of a receipt signed by Abram. Loc[ke]tt and \"Wmsburg Dist\" noted on the bottom of the page. undated.","Signed Williamsburg Tricentennial poster, 1999.","Handwritten letter from O. F. Helner of the 33rd regiment, at a camp near Williamsburg to Mr. Abbott. He writes about the Battle of Williamsburg and a visit by General McClellan to the camp. May 1862. Transcript included.","Scope and Contents Playbills, 1891-1896 and undated, from plays staged at Cameron Hall at Eastern State Hospital with actors and actresses from the College of William and Mary and the local community. Some programs list \"The Virginia Comedians\" as the producer. Playbills, 1910 and 1916, from plays staged at the College of William and Mary.","Scope and Contents Union soldier's letter, \"John\" to his sweetheart \"Mary,\" 12 May (1862), regarding the occupation of Williamsburg by the North. Mention of Northern dead in Williamsburg after the battle and burying soldiers. Excerpt, \"...there are some very pretty girls here but I noticed that some of them were [wear] the rebel flag on their bosom.\" Stereoscopic card, \"War Views, View of Court House and Church, Hospital of the 2nd Corps, Yorktown, Va.\" No. 2374, published by E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony \u0026 Co. Negative by Brady \u0026 Co., Washington. Someone has crossed out \"Yorktown\" and written \"Williamsburg.\"","Four pamphlets: Catalogue of the Williamsburg Female Academy, 1851-1852; two copies of the catalogue of the Williamsburg Military School, Richmond, 1853; prospectus and catalogue of the Williamsburg Male Academy, 1852-1853.","Broadside dated December 14th, [1941], announcing a Citizen's Mass Meeting...at the Williamsburg Theatre.","Scope and Contents Photostat copies of newspaper articles about the Battle of Williamsburg from the New York Daily Tribune, May 10, 12 and 13, 1862, photostat copies of a map of the \"Lower Peninsula,\"  and \"Battle of Williamsburg\" and both a negative and a positive photocopies entitled \"Charge of Hancock's Brigade at Williamsburgh,\" \"Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-works in front of Williamsburg from sketches made May 6, 1862,\" \"Williamsburg, Va.\"  These prints have notes on them and might be partial proofs for a publication.","Three photographs of the Dedication of Ft. Magruder, May 5, 1952 by Von Dubell Studio.    Publication of a letter by The Business Men's Association of the City of Williamsburg about \"taking early steps for the proper  celebration at Jamestown of the Tercentennial Anniversary...did on the September 7, 1900, in the name of the citizens of Williamsburg, pass resolutions for the appointment of a committee...\"  On inside of pamphlet, resolutions are listed.","G.W. Thorpe Plat, surveyed March 1916; Pine Grest Subdivision blue print plat, owned and developed by Ernest G. Vaughan and sold to Carrie V. Williams, surveyed November/December 1939; Capitol Heights property blueprint plat of Frank G. Linekin, June 26, 1930; W.L. Jones blueprint plat,May 1926; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, August 10, 1939; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, December 10, 1920; Powhatan Park blueprint plat, property of York Land Corporation, April 1916; blueprint plat of property conveyed by Celia Maxton to others,land between route 60 and the railroad, September 7, 1952; and plat of property of H.D. Bozarth between Clay and Harrison Streets, June 19, 1925.","Posters for performances at the Matthew Whaley Auditorium in 1936, poster for \"Middle Plantation Art \u0026 Handcraft Exhibition\" at Casey's Annex (undated), poster for exhibit of \"Walt Disney's Original Paintings used in Snow White\" at the Bruton Parish House (undated), Williamsburg Tricentennial Poster, Colonial Williamsburg concert posters, Williamsburg Theatre posters (undated, possibly 1930's), and other posters for entertainment at Williamsburg High School and the Presbyterian Church (undated, possibly 1930's).","Two aerial photographs of South Henry Street area of Williamsburg, Virginia. Undated.","Photograph of a print \"Loudon-street, Winchester.\"","Scope and Contents Many of these papers appear to be from the Clerk of Court office in Winchester, Virginia. Clerk of Court signatures include John Peyton, Clerk of Hustings, Winchester, Virginia and Algernon R. Wood. Organized in date order. Account for Nicholas Scheren to David Michael Rutter. May 1786 Payment from Dr. Robert Colvin to Philip Bush. October 12, 1786 Accounts for Robert Sherrard to James Murry. 1787 Payment from Robert Sherrard to John Hamilton for waggonage from Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] to Winchester, Virginia. 1787 Document about refund of payment made by Tejamus ? Dowdall to Robert Colvin, who opened a school. April 12, 1787 Court summons for Josiah Jackson and Zebediah Hollingsworth for James Murray in case with Robert Sherrard, Defendant. August 9, 1787 Indenture. James and Eleanor Wood of Davidson, North Carolina and David Dedderick, for Lot 9 on West side of Loudon (Loudoun) Street in Borough of Winchester. September 22, 1789 Marriage Bond between Enos Roberts and Mary Kendrick. January 13, 1790 Marriage bond of Conrad House and Susannah Shusher. December 27, 1790 Bond for James Walls as executor of last Will and Testament of John Wynn. June 30, 1794 Charter between Shreve Lawson of Baltimore, Maryland and James Moseley, Merchant on freight on the ship Alexandria. July 4, 1796 Marriage license between James A. Nelson and Polly M. Donald. April 26, 1802 Manumission papers from Peter Lauck to Peter Bisick. March 14, 1806 Affidavit. Josiah Massy took oath of Lieutenant in 31st Regiment, 16th Brigade. Signed by A. (B.) Miller. May 2, 1812. Register of sale of Louisa Robinson (wife of Jonathan Robinson) to Doctor Daniel Conrad. August 3, 1818. Act \"to amend the Act incorporating the Town of Winchester.\" Complete handwritten text of the act as presented to the General Assembly in Richmond, Virginia. Copied by William Munford, Keeper of the Rolls. Document bound with string. Dated December 12, 1818 and passed January 9, 1819 Inquest. \"Inquisition on the body of Robert Cockerton (?) who died at the house of Elizabeth Pendleton, Innkeeper. November 1, 1820 Contract/letter of attorney between John Holland of Gosney Manor of Shenandoah County, Virginia, woolan manufacturer, and George Hadfield of Old Hall, County of Chester, in England to Hugh Shaw. June 8, 1827 Manumission papers where Margaret Galloway emancipates negro woman, Maria, wife of William Tuckrin, a free negro. October 17, 1827 Manumission papers or Certification of Freedom for Negro Lucy under the will of Alexander White of Woodville. June 13, 1832 Certificate of Freedom, or Manumission papers, signed by Phebe Coubourn that she raised Nancy Sabro, a \"dark Muluto\" who was born of free parents. September 21, 1835 Notice to Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester for summons of Jonathan Cox, Davy Johnson, Thomas Pollard, James Pollard, Richard Strange, Lewis Smith, David Washington and Rose Williams for \"remaining within this corporation and Commonwealth more than 12 months of their right to freedom…\" May 5, 1846 Bill of sale to William H. Brown from George R. Long for sale of negro man, Abraham Washington. August 24, 1846 Court Case. Algernon R. Wood, prosecutor for Commonwealth of Virginia, against James Pollard, a free negro or mulatto who remained in Virginia after he was freed. October 3, 1846 Court summons for Sally Field for remaining in Winchester after being freed. June 23, 1848 Mary, negro slave of Joseph Baker, charged with trying to poison Nancy Lindsey with tea. June 1, 1849 Notarized statements of Amelia Ann Buck of Warren County, Virginia regarding copartnership with John R. Ricards, John N. Buck of Baltimore, Maryland and Thomas L. Blakemon of Warren County regarding hotel, Mountain House in Hampshire County, Virginia. John R. Buck sells his interest to his brother, William M. Buck. July 3, 1850 Letter from Baltimore, Maryland regarding his father's estate. Author unknown. February 20, 1851 Recording of last will and testament of Addison B. Riely in Baltimore, Maryland. Endorsed by Ann R. Riely. September 27, 1852 Certificate for R.B. Allen to sell wine at his store on Cameron Street.September 1, 1855 Court summons in case of Patrick Conner vs John H. Anderson, Conner's apprentice. October 8, 1856 Letter from John Quanten ? to Robert L. Brookings asking for servant woman Lucy who was part of the estate of Mrs. Emmets?. May 27, 1857 Indictment. John Howard, alias John Newman, a free negro, was accused of assault by Rachel Ann Holler, a white woman and jailed. Indictment against James W. Jones, the jailor, for allowing the prisoner to escape. March 17, 1860 Command to the Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester to take \"…Maria Ball [Colored]…her safely keep…until May indictment … for remaining in the State of Virginia…without lawful permission. April 21, 1860 Notice to Sheriff of Berkeley County, Virginia to imprison Elizabeth Farrow if she is found in Berkeley County. She is charged with having a \"…house of ill fame for the purpose of prostitution and lewedness.\" April 17, 1861 Note from Clerk of Court in Winchester where he says he has been notified by a military order that he is no longer the Clerk. June 5, 1868 Court case with John Vilwig regarding two coffins. June 1886. Republican Ticket for Virginia. 1892. Letter from George S. Bowers of Laurell, Maryland, about \"Willie\" accepting Christ [in the Lutheran Church]. December 13, 1918 Instructions to lawyer or court about charges of larceny against a free negro. undated. Fragment. \"Twelve days have been expended in loading.\"","Circular for the Woodstock Male and Female Academy. July 21, 1866.","Papers, ca. 1824-1983, relating to Yorktown, Va. Includes articles concerning Yorktown; materials relating to the surrender of Cornwallis and to the celebrations [1824, 1881, 1930-1937 and 1981], documents concerning Yorktown National Military Park  [now Colonial National Historical Park] and the Navy Mine Depot [now Naval Weapons Station].","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.  7 pieces.","Two facsimilies of the parole of Cornwallis. 2 pieces. Journal of the siege of York-Town...as recorded in the hand of Gaspard de Gallatin and translated by the French department of the College of William and Mary...Washington, United States Printing Office. 1931. 48 p. 24 cm. (71st Congress, 3rd Session. Senate. Document no. 322.) 1 piece. Un geste patriotique des Strasbourgeois au cours de la guerre d'Independence americaine. Printed. 1 piece. Ceux de Yorktown par Servan Malo, with English translation. 2 pieces. Memorandum on J.C. Louis, Baron von Closen. By Ruth E. Butler. 4 typed pages. 1 piece. Photographs showing restoration of French and American fortifications around Yorktown. About 1935. 3 pieces. Photographs of a painting of the siege of Yorktown. 3 copies. Also an enlargement. Map of the siege of Yorktown. 1 3/4 x 1 1/2 inches. 1 piece. An engraving of the surrender at Yorktown. 1 piece. List of Confederate Soldiers buried at Yorktown which includes Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Williamsburg. (Copy from the National Park Service. Original at the Yorktown Visitor Center).","Printed topographical map of the Colonial National monument, Yorktown Battlefield, Virginia. Made by the U.S. Geological Survey 1931. 30 1/4 x 29 1/4 inches. 1 piece. Three newspaper clippings concerning the siege of Yorktown. Other papers. 5 pieces. Walking stick made from the flag staff of the 80th British Regiment, Yorktown, 1781. Returned to donor (Nellie Deans Greaves) in either 1960's or 1970's. Printed announcement, dated at Montpellier, 9? December 1781, signed by Le Comte de Perigord, stating that the King has ordered a Te Deum sung in all the churches of France for the Yorktown victory. Purchased from Thomas L. Suter, 16 October 1952.","Buildings Photographs and prints: Customs House; Lord Cornwallis' Cave; Main Street; Monument Lodge (1 piece); Moore House (4 pieces--3 photographs in Mapcase); Shield House (oldest house) and Nelson House (1 piece); Yorktown wharf (1 piece). Monument Photographs. 1 piece. 2 newspapers with history of the building and opening of the George P. Coleman Bridge. Located in mapcase.","6 pieces including 1 photograph. See also Folders 6-8.","Scope and Contents Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Includes a photograph album entitled \"Views of The Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, Virginia, October 16-17-18-19, 1931\" presented to The College of William and Mary in Virginia by the Yorktown Sesquicentenniail Association, Inc. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Views of the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, VA, October 16-19,1931 from the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association, Inc","Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931:  Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration.  20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981:  Official commemorative program.  Official booklet:  \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Yorktown National Military Park June 6, 1921 ...In the Senate of the United States.  June 6, 1921.. A bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...7 p.  28 cm.  1 piece. 1921 Hearings before the subcommittee of the committee on appropriations United States Senate...on a bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...Washington, Government printing office, 1921.  16 p.  23 1/2 cm.  1 piece. Navy Mine Depot Navy Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia By Commander A. H. Miles, U.S. Navy.  (Reprinted from the United States Naval Institute Proceedings v. 54, no. 4, whole no. 302.)  1 piece. In the matter of Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia...Brief submitted on behalf of owners of property...Newport News, Franklin Printing Co.  21 p.  23 cm.  1 piece.","Material relating to the annual celebrations of Yorktown Day, sometimes called Yorktown Fete.","Fete in honor of General La Fayette.  Printed pamphlet by R.G. Scott on what happened during planning of the Yorktown Fete of 1824 and why he should not be responsible. 1827.","Centennial.  \"An Appeal to the Country for a National Centennial Celebration of the Surrender of Lord Cornwallis.\"  Printed by Virginian Print, Norfolk, Va. 1879. Special Communication of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Virginia at Yorktown 1881. Celebration of Yorktown Centennial- a pamphlet containing incidents and speeches from event. 10/19/1881. A History, Surrender of the British Forces to the Americans and French at Yorktown, Va., Program for the Centennial Anniversary Celebration on October 18th, 1881.","\"Admiral Francis Joseph Paul De Grasse, Hero of Yorktown\" by Louis A Culvillier 1931Invitation and tickets to Yorktown Celebration 1931List of European Guests at Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Newsletter on Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Official Program of Yorktown Celebration.  1931Some Old Yorktown Maps by K.W. Trimble.  Reprint from The Military Engineer, 1931Tentative Program of Yorktown Celebration byYorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931Ticket Stubs-Yorktown 150 year Celebration 1931Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931","Program of Celebration of 155th Anniversary of the Victory at Yorktown under the Joint Auspices…  10/19/1936","Program of Yorktown Celebration, October 18-19, 1934.","Letter from A.A. Folsone to Hon. Lyon G. Tyler enclosing engraving of a view of Yorktown, \"Yorktown Battlefield\" by John B. Chapman per Graham's Magazine, 1814.","Scope and Contents Photograph of House in Yorktown undatedPhotograph of Yorktown Battlefield and Moore House undatedSketch of Yorktown- View from the River (Copy) undatedYorktown Homes (6 photographs on cardboard) undatedGreeting Cards -Prints of Moore House and Nelson House  1934","Original ink wash drawing by a federal soldier in 1862. View of the York River waterfront. Transferred to artifact librarian in 2011.","Scope and Contents Plats of Yorktown, Photostats (2)  undated Sign - Guided Tour of Yorktown (10\"x7\" cardboard sign) 1941 \"Establishment of the American Army.\"  Photostat of May 27, 1778 Congressional Order.","Available online via the Library catalog for William and Mary users; alternate access is available via the Internet Archive: http://www.archive.org/details/journalofsiegeof00gall.","\"Yorktown Church Said Third Oldest in Virginia,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  May 9, 1960.\"Historic Nelson House,\" January 31, 1973\"Battle Lines Will Be Reconstructed at Yorktown,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  January 31, 1973.","Scope and Contents Christmas Dinner Menu, U.S. Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia.  1950.Colonial National Historic Park brochure by US Department of Interior (2 Copies).  1940Old Yorktown and its History by Mrs. Sydney Smith.  1920Salvaging Relics from York River.  1939U.S. 17 George Washington Memorial Highway Map, Tidewater, Virginia, into Colonial National Historical Park.  undated.Views of Yorktown and Gloucester Town—Mariners Museum, Newport News, Virginia.  1946Virginia Gazette Supplement, The Public Observer, \"Yorktown Day of Yesteryear.\"  October 1972\"Yorktown-Climax of the Revolution,\" National Park Service, Source Book Series, Number 1 (2 copies).  1941","\"Henri de Saint-Simon at Yorktown; A French Prophet of Modern Industrialism in America,\" The Franco-American Review, Autumn 1937.\"A Neglected French Collaborator in the Victory of Yorktown\" by Harold A. Larrabee.  1932.","Yorktown Sesquicentennial medal commemorating the surrender of Lord Cornwallis in 1781. Transferred to Artifact Collection.","Eighteen early photographs of monuments in Yorktown, Virginia, many with descriptions written on the reverse side.","Photographs of: the Victory monument,  the monument on the spot where Cornwallis surrendered to Washington, Lafayette Coach at Bremo, Spring where Washington got his water, marker of French soldiers' graves (2), plaque for site of the Home of Nicolas Martiau,  plaque for \"Baron Gaspard de Gallatin,\" walk along top of old earthworks (3), where Washington had his tent, spot marked where a tablet once was, plaque for \"french soldiers and sailors,\" where Lafayette had his tent, plaque for Thomas Nelson, Jr. and artists conception of celebration (ships in harbour). 17 photographs.","Photograph of Battery; print of \"Reddotopm de L'armee du Lord Cornwallis; 3 photograph of inside and outside of the Moore House, 1911; two copies of the Gloucester-Mathews newspaper, May 7, 1952, with the history of the building of the George P. Coleman Bridge; and one copy of the Daily Press, May 7, 1952, about the Coleman Bridge.","Artifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Grace Street Gardens (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Theatre (Richmond, Va.)","The Virginia Comedians","United States. Army. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, 25th","Williamsburg Businessmen's Association (Va.)","Williamsburg Female Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Male Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Military School (Williamsburg, Va)","Crump family","Dunlop family","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Michaux, Lightfoot Solomon","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.4 V82ci","/repositories/2/resources/8763"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Cities Collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Blue Ridge Springs (Va.)","Charlottesville (Va.)--History","Danville (Va.)--History","Fredericksburg (Va.)--History","Hanover Courthouse (Va.)--History","Harrisonburg (Va.)--History","Hopewell (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--Tercentenary","Jamestown (Va.)--History--20th century","Lexington (Va.)--History","Norfolk (Va.)--History","Petersburg (Va.)--History","Providence Forge (Va.)--History","Strasburg (Va.)--History","Virginia--History--17th century","Virginia--History--18th century","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--History--20th century","Washington (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Woodstock (Va.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Blue Ridge Springs (Va.)","Charlottesville (Va.)--History","Danville (Va.)--History","Fredericksburg (Va.)--History","Hanover Courthouse (Va.)--History","Harrisonburg (Va.)--History","Hopewell (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--Tercentenary","Jamestown (Va.)--History--20th century","Lexington (Va.)--History","Norfolk (Va.)--History","Petersburg (Va.)--History","Providence Forge (Va.)--History","Strasburg (Va.)--History","Virginia--History--17th century","Virginia--History--18th century","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--History--20th century","Washington (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Woodstock (Va.)--History"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)--History","Blue Ridge Springs (Va.)","Charlottesville (Va.)--History","Danville (Va.)--History","Fredericksburg (Va.)--History","Hanover Courthouse (Va.)--History","Harrisonburg (Va.)--History","Hopewell (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--Tercentenary","Jamestown (Va.)--History--20th century","Lexington (Va.)--History","Norfolk (Va.)--History","Petersburg (Va.)--History","Providence Forge (Va.)--History","Strasburg (Va.)--History","Virginia--History--17th century","Virginia--History--18th century","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--History--20th century","Washington (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Woodstock (Va.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts and purchases, from the 1930's to the present."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","College of William and Mary--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","College of William and Mary--Students","College theater--United States","Community theater","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Gardening--Virginia","Horticultural literature","Jamestown Exposition (1907)","Jamestown Festival (1957)","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Legal documents","Lynchburg (Va.)--History","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Physicians--Virginia--Williamsburg","African American physicians","Account books","Catalogs","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","College of William and Mary--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","College of William and Mary--Students","College theater--United States","Community theater","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Gardening--Virginia","Horticultural literature","Jamestown Exposition (1907)","Jamestown Festival (1957)","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Legal documents","Lynchburg (Va.)--History","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Physicians--Virginia--Williamsburg","African American physicians","Account books","Catalogs","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["10.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Catalogs","Correspondence","Financial records","Petitions","Photographs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by name of city.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical by name of city."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Cities Collection: [City name], Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Cities Collection: [City name], Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdded to collection in 2019 from backlog ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011.","Added to collection in 2019 from backlog ephemera."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMss. 39.4 V82co Virginia Counties Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Many other accessions relating to cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia are in the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library.  Please check the subject index for the name of the city. Also, you can use the search box on the top right corner, being sure to check the \"Include Box Lists.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Artifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mss. 39.4 V82co Virginia Counties Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library"," Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library"," Many other accessions relating to cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia are in the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library.  Please check the subject index for the name of the city. Also, you can use the search box on the top right corner, being sure to check the \"Include Box Lists.\""," Artifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Artificial collection of papers relating to various cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia.","A newspaper clipping concerning dead towns in Virginia.  1 piece.","Scope and Contents History of Christ Church. 3 p. 15 1/2 cm. Christmas card from Old Presbyterian Meeting House from William Buckner and Mr. Croarty. undated. Letter to Earl Gregg Swem from Josephine Weeks about buying a newly made print from Colonel Gilpin's \"Plan of Alexandria, 1798.\" June 17,1944. Alexandria businesses papers: envelope from Garrett and Monroe, card from Gwin, Beckham and Company Commission Merchants and Andrews Studios. undated. List of names and inscriptions on gravestones at Christ Church, Old Presbyterian Meeting House and Bethlehem Cemetery by George Magruder Battey. Carbon Copy. June 1, 1944. History of St. Paul's Church, Fairfax Parish, 1810-1932 by Margery Arden Hall. Copy. \"Financial statement and report and list of subscribers and pewholders of Saint Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church in Fairfax","Bath is in present day Berkeley County, West Virginia.","Papers of Thomas Marshall Hunter, Morgantown, W.Va. Typed copy of an act for establishing a town at the Warm Springs in the county of Berkeley.  October 1776. 1 piece. A list of original purchasers of lots in Bath, Berkeley County.  1 piece.  Extracts from the minutes of the trustees of Bath.  1 piece. An excerpt from Thomas Jefferson's Notes of Virginia.  1793. 1 piece. Copies of newspaper advertisements of stores and boarding houses. 1781.  3 pieces.","Scope and Contents Advertisement card for travel from Lynchburg, Virginia. undated.","Scope and Contents Music festival 1931. Advertising folder. Letter inviting people to visit a new academy established at the Midway under Mr. Pike Powers, formerly professor of Mathematics at Hampton Sydney. Signed by the nine professors. July 17, 1838. Affidavit signed by the Librarian of the Library of the University of Virginia on July 10, 1848 that the letter was copied from the Richmond Enquirer collection on July 10, 1848. Brochure of photographs of the buildings at the University of Virginia. A 1\" x 3.5\" calendar for 1927 from President Alderman is attached. 1927. Prints of engravings: \"View of the University of Virginia\" and \"University of Virginia, Charlottesville.\" undated. Letter from W.W. Gilmer of Charlottesville to the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia recommending A.P. Abell as Proctor of the University. Partial letter from an unknown person at the University about new professorships, lack of money, who might be retiring and the increase from 32 to 50 Virginia students. April 4, 1856. Letter from Edwin M. Mann of the Chambers of the Judge of the Hustings Court in Petersburg, Virginia to Capt. W. Roane Ruffin, Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia about recommending Mayor R.W. Jones for Chair of General and Applied Chemistry and Pharmacy. September 23, 1884. \"College Topics\", Volume VII, Number 4, a publication of the University of Virginia which gives and account of the burning of the Rotunda. November 4, 1895. Sent by John Stewart Bryan on February 10, 1936. Editorial to the Enquirer by W.A. Turner about a proposed bill to consolidate the medical department at the University of Virginia and the Medical College at Richmond. undated. Mimeograph copy of a letter to Miss Nannie from Sallie J. Doswell about the advertising costs in her new edition of the condensed history of the University. March 21, 1911. A small book of \"A Partial Roster of Eminent Alumni\" of the \"University of Virginia in the Service of the Republic.\" undated. University of Virginia Alumni News. December 1926. University of Virginia commencement programs. June 29, 1855, June 27, 1856 (2 copies), June 29,1857 (2 copies) and July 4, 1860 (2 copies).","Scope and Contents A historical and descriptive article. undated. 1 piece. Typed copy of an act incorporating the town, 1749. 1 piece. Typed copy of a list of residents of Dumfries found in the ledger of Daniel Payne, merchant. 1758-1761. 1 piece. Typed list of merchants residing in Dumfries. 1789. 1 piece. A Short historical sketch of the Dumfries lodge of Masons, 1797-1830, including a list of members in 1798. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents A print, \"Fortress Monroe, Va. and Its Vicinity\" with a numbered legend of places on the picture. undated.","Day book of the corporation of Fredericksbug, Virginia. 28 April 1802 -- 28 February 1812. 80 pages. 12 3/4 x 7 3/4 inches. List of voters and militia in the corporation of Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1855. 48 pages. 13 3/4 x 4 1/4 inches. An illustrated descriptive folder. 1 piece. An envelope printed with six views of buildings. 1 piece. 1787-1840 Fredericksburg District Court Records: See Mss. Acc. 2008.319 Fredericksburg, Virginia District Court.","Scope and Contents Fredericksburg Street lottery tickets signed by Beck (sic) Welford. Over 50 tickets. Some tickets have the name of purchaser on the reverse side. 1826. 1 lottery ticket from St. Louis, dated March 6, 1817. Pages with photographs of State Teachers College. (Mary Washington University). 4 pages. undated. Printed letter to the \"communicants of St. George's Church\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia, asking for funds. undated. Statement of current expenses of St. George's Church in Fredericksburg, Virginia. February 19, 1872. Advertisement for \"Johnston and Company, Druggists and Apothecaries\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia. undated.","Numerical list of blanks and prizes in the Fredericksburg Female Charity School Lottery.  1805.  48 pages.  15 1/2 x 10 inches.","July 5, 1953 Daily Press newspaper clipping \"Historical Approach Used in the Selection of New Names for Hampton City Streets.\" Annual reports for the Committee for the Fort Monroe Museum and its successor, the Casemate Museum. 1951-1974.","Engraving of Hanover Court-House, possibly removed from a book.","Two prints of Harper's Ferry by W.H. Bartlett, 1838, showing different views. One newspaper print reproduction, \"Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Company.  1854. Three prints by G. Perkins, 1874, \"Harper's Ferry by Moonlight.\"","5 printed reproductions of photographs of buildings at the \"State Teacher's College\" in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Scope and Contents Flyers advertising \"Gooch\" and \"Little Miss Spruce\" trees by Winslow L. Gooch of Hopewell, Virginia.","Related material: See the Jamestown Corporation Records, 1946-1979, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; and the Jamestowne Society Papers, 1930-1966, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Papers, 1629-1952, relating to Jamestown, Va. Note: Items relating to Colonial National Historical Park and to Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Yorktown are filed under Williamsburg. See also: Map Collection.\n Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces."," Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items."," Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces."," Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats."," Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682."," Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. Undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase."," Photograph of a section of the church yard. Undated. 1 piece."," Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. Undated."," Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces."," Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece."," Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026 Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.","Photostat of Richmond TImes Dispatch, 1936 Jamestown Day\n Photostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936. ","John Page to William Sherwood Deed. 1681/2.","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).","Ephemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956. Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"","Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Postcard of rear view of Jamestown Church.  1930's newspaper article entitled \"National Memorial to the Progress of the Colored Race in America\" about Elder Lightfoot Solomon Michaux building a memorial at Jamestown.","Scope and Contents Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces. Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items. Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces. Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats. Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682. Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase. Photograph of a section of the church yard. undated. 1 piece. Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. undated. Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces. Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece. Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026 Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.\nPhotostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936.","Photostat copies: letter from Ellen M. Bagby of the Jamestown Committee of the APVA to Mr. Warner S. McCall of Gibson City, Illinois inviting him to Jamestown for the installation of the plaque honoring Edward Maria Wingfield; memo by Warner McCall read by Bishop Brown at the Annual meeting of the APVA and newspaper clippings of the event with picture of plaque.","Photostat copies of two early deeds from Jamestown from the Ambler Papers at the Library of Congress, \"Virginia:  Jamestown--Land Patents, Deeds, etc.\"         Four photographs from the National Park Service:         Plate 1:  Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,         Plate 2:  bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,         Plate 3:  fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and         Plate 4:  drawing of drinking mug, restored.","Eight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing:  Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail.  (8 items).","Scope and Contents Ephemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956.  Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"","Four photographs from the National Park Service:","Plate 1: Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,","Plate 2: bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,","Plate 3: fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and","Plate 4: drawing of drinking mug, restored.","Ephemera from the 350th Anniversary of Jamestown. Includes the Virginia Department of Highways report on \"Traffic and the Jamestown Festival,\" \"Jamestown Festival Official Program,\" programs for the musical program at PBK in Williamsburg and the christening of the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, brochure entitled \"Souvenir of the Jamestown Festival 1957, Old World Heritage,\"Jamestown Festival brochure, brochure for \"The Founders,\" ticket stub for the festivities, and a Jamestown Anniversary Issue of the magazine \"Forth\".","Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown, undated for probably early 20th century. 2 copies of the Supplement to the Virginia Gazette, dated June 28, 1957, about the Jamestown Festival.\nJohn Page to William Sherwood Deed, 1681/82.","Lexington Lottery Tickets, signed by Fisher and Jordan. 5 tickets.","Scope and Contents Lynchburg art club. Catalog of exhibition, 1929. 1 sheet. Flyer for \"Lynchburg Institute for Young Ladies\" conducted by Mr. And Mrs. Meany. undated. A flyer for the Morgantown Female Academy which is to be run by Mr. and Mrs. Meany, 1845, and a flyer for St. Mary's Female Seminary (Maryland) written by E.J. Meany, Principal. undated.","Scope and Contents Envelope from the business, Messrs. Lee Taylor and Co., Leaf Tobacco. undated. Receipt of William Turner and John F. Powell. August 22, 1795. Receipt of Capt. William Turner and John Poe, July 21, 1821. Receipt of Walter Irvine, Samuel Irvine and Proper Powell, July 11, 1796.","Program of the seventh annual assembly of the Virginia branch of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1937.  1 piece. Program of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece. News letter of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece.","A note giving the wording of the act of incorporation. 1799. 1 piece.","An airplane view. 1 piece.","To the pioneers of Newport News, Va. A historical sketch by George B. West. 1911. Typed copy. 1 piece. The Mariners' Museum. By Homer L. Ferguson. 9 p. illus. 28 cm. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of merchants. 2 pieces.","Receipt for George [illegible] who lives at 453-21 Street, Newport News, Virginia.","Miscellaneous letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people, including an 1804 letter describing a fire in Norfolk, an 1826 polling list, and an 1830 funeral invitation.","Scope and Contents Papers, 1804-1950, relating to Norfolk, Va. An artificial collection of letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people. Includes letter, 1804, concerning fire in Norfolk; list, 1826, of votes for General Assembly election; funeral invitation, 1830; and printed material (Gray Lines Motor Tours schedule and advertisement, \"The Tidewater Trail,\" \"Norfolk's Historic Mace\" (1935), \"Christ Church Congregation\" by Robert Morton Hughes and program of \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's Most Unusual Church [First Baptist]); broadside describing exhibitions and activities of Norfolk Museum of Arts and Science; and photograph of woodcut showing Market Square. 14 items.","Original, printed and miscellaneous material. W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp. ALS. March 24, 1804. Includes typescript. 1 p. List of voters casting their vote for either George Loyall of John S. Steed as the next delegate from Norfolk to the General Assembly. April 24, 1826 1 p. PD. Invitation to attend the funeral of Col. William Anderson, Norfolk, Va. June 13, 1830. 1 item. PC. Pamphlet entitled, \"Christ Church Congregation,\" by Robert Morton Hughes. 1937. 13 pp. PM. Program of the \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's most Unusual Church, [First Baptist].\" 1950. 57 pp. PM. Schedule of Gray Line Motor Tours of the Norfolk and Virginia Beach area. 1929. 1 p. PM. \"The Tidewater Trail, a chronicle for Groups for Service Women in this Community,\" featuring an article about the Barton Myers home in Norfolk, Va. January 1, 1931. 16 pp. PM. A brief history and description of the Mace of Norfolk, entitled \"Norfolk's Historic Mace.\" 1935. 14 pp. PM. Advertising bill for Gray Line Motor Tours. n.d. 1 p. PM Advertisement of John B. Loughran, \"dealer in picture frames, looking glasses...and clocks,\" No. 182 Church St., Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 p. PM. Handbill describing exhibitions and activities of the Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences. n.d. 1 p. PM. Black and white photograph, 8\" x 10\", of a woodcut of Market Square, Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 item. Ph.","Scope and Contents S.W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp.  ALS.  Including typescript.  1 p.","Advertisement for subscription to the \"Day Book\" for Norfolk and Portsmouth residents. Ca. 1870. Note: Photographs from the 1907 Jamestown Exposition held in Norfolk, Virginia are filed under James City County, Virginia in the Virginia Counties Collection.","Scope and Contents Pocahontas Playbill. undated.","A letter from P.H. Drewry, 13 September 1922, regarding his proposed history of Petersburg. 1 piece. Tabb Street Presbyterian Church. List of members, 1867. Printed. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of business houses. 3 pieces.","Scope and Contents Photographs of the Virginia State College for Negroes in Petersburg, Virginia. undated. Account book from the Petersburg area. Earliest legible date is 1765. Partial. Fragile. Some names legible. Fragments of invoices from the Petersburg area. Fragile. Legible names: Mr. Buchanan, John Smith, Charles Hudson, Littlebury White, Buckner Raney, Mrs. Elizabeth Randolph and William Hamlin. 1759-1789. 8 items. Advertising card form the Davis Carriage Company. undated. Article on Blandford's Church from \"The Commonwealth Magazine\". June 1954. Report by the Association Preservation Petersburg Antiquities on the Pride Family and Pride's Field. Includes newspaper articles and photographs. February 4, 1938. Copy of legal document about moving a road near Blandford. Includes plat and list of all tithables on the land of Bollingbrook Ward. May 1787.","History of Portsmouth. By Mildred M. Holladay. In the Portsmouth Star, 19 January 1936. 1 piece. A deed given by Tapley Webb and others conveying a tract of land in Portsmouth to Purnal Pitts. 1812. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Six black and white photographs of the Providence Forge Mill showing inside and outside of mill. undated.","Papers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings.","Scope and Contents Newspaper clipping - \"Richmond, Virginia, in 1793, an unpublished manuscript of the Reverend Henry Toulmin, a visiting English clergyman (information obtained from Colonel Gamble, a merchant of Richmond). 1 item. [concluding article only]. Newspaper clipping of a letter, 17 April 1878, from S. Bassett French to John Letcher concerning the riot in Richmond, 2 April 1863. 1 item. Two copies of articles on the history of Richmond by Edward V. Valentine, William G. Stanard, Mary Newton Stanard, Douglas S. Freeman, H. J. Eckenrode and Sally Nelson Robbins, in the Richmond News-Leader, 29 December 1924. Advertising sheet of Richmond's business, enterprise and attractions. undated. 1 item. Prospectus of...Richmond, capital of Virginia [approaches to its history]...Whittet and Shepperson, 1937. 1 item. Photograph of an engraved view of Richmond. Engravings (2 copies) of \"Richmond from the James.\" New York: D. Appleton \u0026 Co., 1871. Engraving of Richmond, n.d.","Typescript (carbon copy) concerning Richmond Academy of Fine Arts. Printed card concerning Memorial Volume of Virginia Historical Portraiture, 1585-1830. Broadside, 1937, concerning exhibit of chapbooks and battledores at the Valentine Museum. Program, 1938, for Steuben Glass exhibit at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Program, 1939, of exhibit of watercolors by Edmund S. Campbell. Agreement (unexecuted carbon copy), 1918, between Manchester National Bank of Richmond and Bank of Commerce and Trusts. Photographs (printed) of Richmond buildings. Engravings of capitol building Richmond (London: Published 1831, I. T. Hinton \u0026 Simpkin and Marshall). Newspaper clipping, 1925, concerning Virginia House. Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell]. Filed in Mapcase. Advertising materials (cards, broadsides and blotters). 37 items. (One item, re: Dietz Publishing Company is filed in Mapcase).","Scope and Contents Broadside, 1 April 1875, of First Baptist Church, Richmond. Invitation, 1859, to Monumental Church. Invitation, 1865, to St. Paul's Church. Bulletin, 23 November 1930, of Second Baptist Church. Letter, 1846, concerning schooner, Caroline. Broadside (copies) concerning \"Civic Association\" and \"Committee on Charter Changes.\"","Scope and Contents 29 January 1882 J. A. Cantrell, [?] to Carrie Irwin, Grace Chapel. Impending visit of [?] Doggett and [?] Saunders. 1 p. ALS. 4 November 1890 Milton F. Paddock, Rector, St. Andrew's Church, Philadelphia, Pa., to Thomas Browder, Richmond, Va. Since Grace Church is to lose Dr. [?] Jackson, recommends Charles A. Rickseeker. 3 pp. ALS. 7 January 1895 Mary E. Warren [Richmond, Va.] to Dr. Jno. R. Wheat, [Richmond, Va.] Account of money spent fro Christmas decorations. 4 pp. ALS. 6 April 1895 Gynne A. Lyell, Richmond, Va., to President of the Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Expiration of terms of members of musical committee. 8 April 1895 Virginia M. Robinson, [Richmond, Va.], to President, Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church [Richmond, Va.] Music committee. 3 pp. ALS. 5 March 1917 Robert A. Goodwin, Richmond, Va., to Vestry of Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Resignation as assistant minister. 1 p. ALS. January 1918 Memorial to Lucy Ambler Mason by Vestry of Grace Church. 2 pp. TD. 15 March 1918 Alms Boxes Report. 1 p. D. 5 March 1918 Report of Junior Auxiliary. 2 pp. D. 16 January 1919 L. U. McCabe, The Chancel Chapter, Grace Church, Richmond, Va., to Mrs. E. O. McCabe et al. Solicitation for contributing members. 1 p. TL. Verso bears agenda for a meeting. 1 p. D. 25 March 1919 Report of Grace Church Auxiliary of the Red Cross. Signed Mary A. Randolph. 5 pp. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Chancel Guild. By L. U. McCabe. 4 pp. on 1 leaf. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Woman's Guild of Grace Episcopal Church. Lists donations to War Relief Fund, to Lucy Ambler Mason Leper Memorial Fund, to aid in Influenza Epidemic (soup and milk), to adopt French orphan, and given to Richmond charities. 3 pp. DS. 7 July 1919 William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Leaves town for a prolonged stay. 1 p. ALS. Encloses letter, 3 July 1919, of William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Vestry, Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, Richmond, Va. Resigning as vestryman. 1 p. ALS. 4 August 1919 William H. Palmer, Blacksburg, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Prevented by ill-health from attending vestry meetings and unable to attend duties as senior warden. 1 p. ALS. 5 January 1920; 8 March 1920 Minutes of vestry meetings. 4 pp. D. undated Report of Junior Auxiliary, signed by Maude Cooke, treasurer. 1 p. DS. undated Report of Chancel Chapter. Signed Lily Urquhart McCabe. 4 pp. ADS. undated Report of Primary Department, Grace Church Sunday School. 1 p. TD. undated Report of Grace Church Chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Paul. Signed by Stuart Cooke. 2pp. DS.","Organizations Letters, 1883, concerning Amateur Dramatic Club. Reports, 1856-1857, of board of directresses of Female Humane Association. Invitation, 1847, of Home Club [to meet at home of Joseph R. Anderson]. Four letters, 1853-1854, to Richmond Athenaeum (from Philip Slaughter, James F. Field, and J. Wood Johns). Announcement, 1884, of meeting of Richmond Microscopic Society. Broadside, 1931, concerning Virginia Historical Society. Two letters, 1911, of Grace M. Dodge re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of A. Beirne Blair re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of L. S. Joffe re: YMCA. Program, 1903, of Academy of Music. Program, 3 February 1930, The Artists Series of Concerts (Boston Symphony Orchestra). Legal Petition, ca. 1887, of A. A. Branch, executrix of her husband Thomas Branch's estate to award his daughter her annuity in one lump sum. Deed, 1858, of confirmation between Francis J. Brand, Willie Graseser, and Mary Selle and Charles Selle for a lot in Richmond [Brand was trustee for Mary Selle]. Deed, 1880, of confirmation by Joseph Francis Beyer to Glaser. Deed, 1907, between Isaac Digges and Benj. Barret for Isaac Digges interest in Va. Corporation Digest. Memorandum, 1823, re: John Van Lew \u0026 Co. Petition, 1869, of James Duke for a re-hearing in case of John Van Lew v. Duke. Account, 1836, re: selling of Swan Tavern. Third person letter re: lot on 12th St. Judgement, 1833, in Crump vs. Wren administrator, etc. Judgement, 1833, in Cotton \u0026 Clark. Notice, 1870, of motion for injunction in Ruper v. Sedgewick. Order, 1807, to pay Peter Gordon for defense of Alexander Spotswood. Deed, 1807, from Samuel McCraw and Geo. Fisher, trustees and Margretta West to Samuel Myers for Quesnay's Academy ground. Lease, 1861, from Spiro Zetila to Alfred Paul. Negative photocopy of letter, 1784, of Turner [?] to Clerk of Henrico re: lots in Richmond. Notes, 1888, concerning correspondence concerning a house and lot in Richmond.","Administrator, executor or guardian, 1856-1870. 46 items. Commissioner of revenue for the city of Richmond, 1856-1860. 3 items. Inspector of tobacco in the city of Richmond, 1871-1873. 3 items. Minister, 1861-1888. 18 items. Notary public for the city of Richmond, Hanover and Henrico counties, 1856-1893. 125 items. Sergeant of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Sheriff of the city of Richmond, 1856. 2 items. Treasurer of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Fragments of bonds. 2 items.","Scope and Contents Advertisements Advertisement, n.d., for a lecture by A. Edward Newton. Filed in Mapcase. Advertisement, 1939, Musicians Club of Richmond. Advertisement for lectures at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Advertisement for the Cavalcade of the Cavaliers Pageant. Advertisement for \"Strange Interlude\" by Eugene O'Neill at Lyric Theater. Advertisement, 1931, for Westinghouse Salutes Richmond. Posters Poster for San Carlo Opera at the Mosque. Filed in Mapcase. Poster, 18-19 May 1928, for Adventure Days in Richmond. Filed in Mapcase. Richard Adams Papers Accounts, 1785-1811, of Richard Adams [probably two men, one of whom died in 1800]. Bond, 1787, of Richard Adams (executor of Thomas B. Adams). Letter, 1792, to Richard Adams. Order, 1811, of Richard Adams. Bond, 1805, of Cyrus Griffin to Richard Adams. Order, 1810, of Cyrus Griffin. Bonds Fidelity bond, 1867, of Samuel C. Greenhow and William H. Haxall to administer estate. Fidelity bond, 1868, of John Johns, Jr., and Bradley T. Johnson. Bond, 1802, of John Mayo with Edward Carrington, trustee for Elizabeth Anne Mayo. Bond, 1854, of J. B. Morton, Hugh W. Fry, Arthur A. Morson, and John M. Patton with Richmond and York River Railroad. Bond, 1816, of Richard E. Parker and William Foushee, Sr, with trustees of Richmond Academy. Correspondence Letter, 1841, of George Jones to Committee of the Marshall Theater Request, 1822, of L. W. Dandridge, J. E. Dandridge, and James Rawlings, attorney for Rob. F. Dandridge, trustee for S. A. Williams. Correspondence, 1912, of Ordway Puller to Samuel B. Dunstan and statement of Dunstan re: sale of property. Programs Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (Johann Strauss). Program, 1930, of Adventure Days. Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (\"The Newly-Weds and their Baby.\") Program, 1905, of \"Magda\" at Lyric Theatre. Program, 1929, \"Marco Millions\" and other plays. Photographic images of Richmond Schools.","Scope and Contents History of Richmond's Social Service Societies of the 19th and 20th Centuries by Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fun handwritten cover by J. Luther Kibler when radio addresses acquired. Copies of typed radio addresses, Numbers 1-11 and 17 to 56, given by Elwood Street from 1942 to 1948. Includes correspondence between Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fund, and J. Luther Kibler about Mr. Street's articles in Virginia's county courthouses. Business card for \"Moore \u0026 Scott, Commission Merchants\" located at Nos. 1316 and 1318 Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia.","Scope and Contents Numbers 1 - 31 of the radio addresses entitled \"Richmond's Home Fires\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1942 and 1943.","Scope and Contents Numbers 23 - 56 of the radio addresses entitled \"War and Community\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1943.","Scope and Contents Brochures \"A Tour of Historic Richmond\" arranged for the convenience of guests in Richmond by Hotel John Marshall.  1940. \"Picturesque Richmond, Richmond, VA and her Suburbs\", published by the J.L. Hill Printing Company.  1891. \"Footpaths in Historic Richmond.\"  1944. Cardboard placard, \"This Virginia State Flag,\" about a flag made at No. 1 West Franklin Street in the winter of 1864-1865 by Sallie Radford Munford.  Placed by the Richmond Chaper, United Daughters of the  Confederacy.  1941. Buildings and Scenes Small pamphlet on the Virginia House in Winsor Farms. Copies of engravings of scenes in Richmond by Margeret Dasheill, Episcopal Home in Richmond, Virginia.  1940. Note card of St. John's Church.  undated. Copy of a woodcut of the Virginia Capitol Building by Frieda Koontz.  1939. Account of stewardship at the Craig House.  1937. Newspaper article on the Old Mud House in Powhatan County.  undated. Businesses and Advertisements Blank checks from Office of the Greenwood Mining Company on the Farmer's Bank of Virginia in 1800's, Citizen's Bank of Richmond in the 1880's, Mechanics' Bank in New York in the 1830's and George D. Mayo on the First National Bank in Richmond, Virginia in 1910. Writing paper from Murphy's Hotel (3 sheets) and an advertisement or paper covering for \"Dove's Comp. Fluid\" by S.E. Dove of Richmond, Virginia.  undated. Broadside for a sideshow presented by George J. Johnson and Son, Richmond.  Acts are Gazzell, Mermaid and the Sea and Punch and Judy.  undated. Brochure advertising the sale of \"Richmond, Capital of Virginia (Approaches to its History) by Various Hands\" published by Whittet and Shepperson.  1937. Gary's Autographic Tablet advertisement, manufactured and sold by A.J. Gary, Richmond, Virginia.  undated. \"Catalogue of Mme. Demorest's reliable Patterns of the Fashion.\"  1875. \"Richmond Produce Price Current\"  of  W.D. Tompkins and Bro., General Commission Merchants.  June 18, 1868. Advertisement for the sale of books by Richmond Authors in Historic Linden Row.  Linden Corner Book Sellers.  1953. Advertisement for William C. West, Architect and Superintendent.  1892. WRVA Brochures on their daily radio programs.  May 1947 – March 1951.","Scope and Contents Museums and Historical Societies Pamphlet and cards from the Valentine Museum. 4 items. Ca 1940's. Invitations and other material from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Ca 1940's. Papers General Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking people and businesses in Richmond for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly. February 29, 1924. Subscription to \"Hillyer's American Railroad Magazine\" from a subscriber in Richmond, Virginia. March 1, 1859. Legal Receipt from Thomas W. Doswell, Sheriff of Richmond. James L. and J.W. Richardson are mentioned. 1856. Religion Baptism certificate for Mary Latham Willis in the Broad Street Station in Richmond, Virginia by a member of the Virginia Conf. , M.E. Church, South. 1874. Card about \"A Popular Lecture by Rev. J.J. Lafferty\" at the Clay-Street Methodist Church. September 13. Back cover of a book from the Clay Street Sunday School Library. Social Miller and Rhoads announcement for a \"Book and Author Dinner.\" undated. Richmond Lodge, No. 10, request, \"Brother, You are requested to attend your Brethren at their Lodge Room, on Tuesday evening next, at 7 o'clock. By order of the Master. John Fox, Sec'y. Richmond, September 7, 1799. Memorial Bazaar flyer for bazaar to raise money for the Confederate Museum and monument. April 11, 1893. Invitation letter from the Junior League of Richmond for a Book and Author Dinner. March 26, 1948. Brochures from concerts and plays: \"A Streetcar named Desire,\" 1950; \"Carousel\"by the Astra Company of Richmond, undated; \"Annie Get Your Gun with Mary Martin,\" undated; \"The Howards of Virginia\", undated; newspaper review of La Argentina, undated; Boston Symphony Orchestra in 193 and T. Michaux Moody productions, \"Conchita Supervia\" in 1932, \"The Bluebird\" newspaper review and a brochure, \"Lawrence Tibbett\" in 1931. Proclamation by the Mayor of Richmond, J. Fulmer Bright, about the creation of \"The Virginia Capital Bicentennial Commission\" and proclaiming a Home-Coming Fortnight to be held September 12th, 1937. 2 copies. Brochure for \"Adventure Days\" conducted by Inter-Club Council. 1930. Brochure for \"Cavalcade of the Cavaliers\" at the Hotel John Marshall. September 13 to 25.","General Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking certain people and businesses for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly.  February 29, 1924.","Scope and Contents Three programs for the Richmond Theatre, undated, but probably the late 19th century. 1881 price list for John Laird's Green-houses, located at Grace and Broad, between Henry and Smith Streets. Also called Grace Street Gardens. Front cover of \"Catalogue of the Southern Female Institute\" in Richmond, Virginia for Session 1866-1867. D. Lee Powell, A.M., was the principal.","Scope and Contents Removed from Folder 2 Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell] Certificate of Master Craftsman for August A. Dietz, Jr. Removed from Folder 6 Poster for E. Edward Newton Lecture Handwritten San Carlo Opera poster \"Adventure Days in Richmond, Va\" poster.","Deed given by George D. White and wife, 12 March 1895, conveying certain lots in the city of Roanoke to Mrs. E. C. Barksdale. 1 piece.","Scope and Contents Advertising card for \"Miss Millie Booz\" a \"fashionable Milliner and Mantuajaker.\" Found in 1830 Staunton Spectator. undated.","Contract with Isaac Sheetz to build the Strasburg Academy.","A note regarding the burning of Suffolk in 1779. 1 item.","Brochure on Washington, Virginia.","Scope and Contents An artificial grouping of papers, 1632-1973, relating to Williamsburg, Va. Includes maps, articles, drawings, letters, material concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, papers concerning the Black population, photographs of buildings, church bulletins, papers concerning civic organizations, deeds, leases, tax receipts, advertisements, papers concerning education and items relating to Colonial National Historical Park. The materials that comprise this collection were donated in batches to W\u0026M Special Collections Research Center by John D. Haskell, Jr., John Lawrence, Brian Blouet, Parke Rouse, and Staunton Aylor between the years of 1993 and 2001. Some materials in this collection were purchased by W\u0026M Special Collections Research Center. Related material: Material given by the Williamsburg Historic Records Association has been accessioned and filed individually. Enter \"Williamsburg Historic Records Association\" as \"Creator\" to see these accessions. Mss. 79 Sw4 Earl Gregg Swem Papers, 2008.364 addition: this group may originally have been part of folders 4 and 7 of the Williamsburg Papers. Mss. 1.09 Williamsburg (Va.) Ephemera Collection, 1892-[ongoing] Mss. 91 B38 Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, 1662-[ongoing] Mss. Acc. 1991.43 Williamsburg, Yorktown, and Jamestown (Va.) Photographs, circa 1890-1930 Some newspaper runs were removed from this collection and added the newspaper collection.","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town (in chronological order). Includes transcripts from printed sources.","Pencil sketch of the view of Williamsburg from the south (about 1860) by Mary Wall Christian from original by J. A. Graham.","Watercolor view of Williamsburg from the south by Emily Sneed from original by J. A. Graham.","Scope and Contents Blueprints of maps of Williamsburg. \"Palisades 1632-83\" (Colonial Williamsburg Research and Development Office, 1 November 1933). \"Maps showing location of Palisades 1632-83 in relation to Bland's Survey of 1699 and the layout of the City of Williamsburg\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., February 1949). \"Map showing approximate location of the 17th century horse path which went through Williamsburg prior to 1699 when this are was known as Middle Plantation\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., 3 October 1942).","Transcript of Earl Dunmore's letter - a historical and general view of Williamsburg.","Transcript of letters to George Washington concerning defense of Williamsburg from Charles Lee, 1776.","List of arms removed from Governor's Palace on 24 June 1775, by American colonists after Lord Dunmore's escape.","Scope and Contents Various articles from \"The Virginia Argus\" in early 19th century.","Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, dated 15 October 1881, with an article and illustrations of Williamsburg at that time period.","Ordinances of the City of Williamsburg in effect 1 October 1895.","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.","National Geographic articles about Colonial Williamsburg dated 1954 and 1968.","Several programs from services commemorating I-Day and victory of WWII.","Booklet entitled Facts about Williamsburg and vicinity, dated 1900.","Booklet entitled Richmond to Jamestown via America's most historic river, dated 1938.","The Journal of American History, 1919, includes several photographs of Colonial Williamsburg and the College of William and Mary.","Charter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Filed in Locked Section.","Pen and ink sketch, photgraphic copies and correspondence with Earl Gregg Swem concerning the seal.","Photostatic copy of ten pages from Cornwallis' orderly book when he was in Williamsburg in 1781. A note concerning Pennsylvania officers near Williamsburg in the summer of 1781. A sketch of Patrick Henry addressing the Virginia Assembly.","Scope and Contents Papers relating to the Civil War. See also, addition Mss. Acc. 1995.39. Diary: 1861 Photographic copy of a diary and memorandum book of Samuel E. Holt, surgeon in the Confederate Army, stationed at Williamsburg and Yorktown, 3 September - 23 October 1861. (The original is in the possession of Mrs. Eva Rosseau, Williamsburg, Va.) Typescripts of letters: 1862 Typescripts of letter of Gen. Philip Kearny to his wife, 7 May 1862, and 15 May 1862. (Originals in the Library of Congress.) Letter: 4 October 1862 Robert F. Cole, Williamsburg, Va., to [?], certifying that his iron grey mare was taken from him by order of Lt. Col. Smith. Letter: 7 October 1862 Major J. P. Wilson, Head Quarters 5th Penna. Cavalry, to Captain G. C. Johnston, A.A.G., Yorktown, Va. stating when he will make a report of all the horses taken from citizens of Williamsburg. Letter: November 19, 1862. Mrs. M.N. Munford, Williamsburg, to Gen. [Henry A.] Naglee requesting his aid against thefts by runaway negroes and soldiers, especially the use of a government wagon to haul fuel and his assistance, in obtaining medicine for herself. Letter: 16 May 1865 Sallie Munford, at Tazewell Hall, to Lizzie Ewell, describing conditions in Williamsburg. Letter: 8 April 1866 Robert M. West at North East P.O., Cecil County, Maryland, to Benjamin S. Ewell concerning the theft of valuables from the home of Miss Gabriella Galt and destruction at the College of William and Mary by Union troops. Engraving: Engraving of the \"Battle of Williamsburg\" from the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers (Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co., Publishers, N.Y.) Correspondence and notes of Dr. Earl G. Swem about the Battle of Williamsburg.","Scope and Contents 1862 articles concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, 5 May 1862: New York Daily Tribune, 8 May 1862; New York Daily Tribune,10 May 1862, Pages 7-8; New York Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 1-2; New York Daily Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 11-12; New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 3-4 and New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 5-6. Brochure: \"Williamsburg in the Civil War\" published by the Williamsburg Civil War Committee. Photographs of drawings of Williamsburg and Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-Works, 6 May 1862. Description of the Battle of Williamsburg, Comte De Paris. Article on Fall of Fort Magruder.","The Peninsula Guide, 1936; The Cradle of the Republic - Williamsburg, Jamestown, \u0026 Yorktown, 1924; The Cradle of the Nation, 1931 and a brochure, \"When Washington's Sweetheart Fainted.\"","Scope and Contents Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated, June 1939-November 1941 Antiques Forum with an index of people, places, things, events and more. undated. Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1928 and December 1929.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from January - March, 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from April - June, 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from July - December 1930.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1931 and December 1932.","Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between January 1933 and July 1935.","Minutes of the Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated.","Circulars, 1930-1939. Exhibition of American Folk Art bulletin","Scope and Contents September 1866 John Anderson, Claremont [?] to J. H. Crump, n.p. Asks him to reserve half his wages until 12 June 1868 V. C. Armstrong, Fort Monroe, Va., to Rev. A. Dunlop. Notification that repairs will be made to the church of which he is the pastor. 1 p. ALS. 26 May 1869 Appointment as Registering Officer for 3rd Registration Precinct for Alexander Dunlop. Signed by Edward [Richard Sprigg] Canby. 1 p. DS. 24 March 1874 Inventory of personal property of W. W. Cumber. Taken by Frank Smith, Norton Moses Weaver, \u0026 Samuel Smith. Appraised by County of York. 2 pp. D. undated Receipt for rent of school house to the Trustees of Public School No. 3 (A. Dunlop and F. S. Norton). 1 p. DS. debt to Alexander Dunlop [Williamsburg, Va.] is paid. 1 p. ALS. Obituary of Dr. James Blaine Blayton, Sr., a physician in Williamsburg, Virginia. December 18, 2002.","List to be sold by Dixon \u0026 Hunter, 11 February 1775 Dietz Press Listing","Photographs and descriptive material of buildings: Michel's drawing of Williamsburg buildings. 2 copies. Prints of buildings. Audrey House.","Capitol Court House (Old) Eastern Lunatic Asylum","Governor's Palace","Kerr-Vest Kitchen Market Square Tavern Masonic Hall Methodist Episcopal Church Powder Magazine Providence Hall","Data on the Public Prison compiled from original sources for The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by Elizabeth Schmucker Stubbs, 1929.","Raleigh Tavern Tazewell Hall Theater Travis House Tucker House Tyler House Benjamin Waller House Williamsburg Inn (Old) Williamsburg Inn (New) Wythe House Unidentified Buildings Williamsburg Property  Scrapbook of photographs of Williamsburg houses taken about 1921. Mounted photographs of Williamsburg houses.","Advertising sheets, brochures, cards, and newspaper accounts of banks and business houses.","Progress report.","Auction advertisements.","Factory catalog, 1991 (first catalog).","Controversy concerning sermon by the Rev. Cotesworth P. Lewis, 12 November 1967, before President Lyndon B. Johnson. Includes copy of sermon, newspaper clippings, statements from the Congressional Record. History of Bruton Parish Church. Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 13).","Organ recital programs, 1939-1941. One poster, 1943, filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 14). Weekley bulletins, 1928-1945.","Booklets, 1947 \u0026 1949.","Poster, 1951. Announcements, 1944-1946. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg. (folder 15a).","Announcements.","Bulletins, 1936-1938 \u0026 1942","Bulletins, 1943-1948","Bulletins, 1949-1953.","Announcements, brochures, bulletins, 1949. Brochure, Methodist Sites in Historic Williamsburg.","Bulletins.","Bulletins","Bulletins.","Epworth League program.  Winter 1924.","Scope and Contents Pamphlet for \"A Call to Prayer\" on the wsorld Day of Prayer sponsored by the United Council of Church Women. March 4, 1949. \"Bicentennial of Worship\" article from the Daily Press about the First Baptist Church formed by African Americans. 1996.","American Civic Association Correspondence. Cleaning up. n.d. Community Center, 1954. Community Christmas Events. Community Counvil. Community Fund, 1953. Community Sings. County Council of Women's Clubs. Youth Welfare Council.","American Association of University Women. Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Colonial Capitol Branch: List of members, 1916. Notice, 1939. Business Men's Association, 1901. Chautauqua Association. Exchange Club flyers. (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 17). Garden Club: Garden Week. Newspaper articles, 1973. Programs, 1935-1936. Brochures, 1950-1956. Yearbook, 1941-1942. Garden Symposium.","Lion's Club. Officers' Wives Club. Pulaski Club: Two letter heads and one newspaper clipping. Red Cross: One membership card, 1929. Soroptimist Club. Swimming Club. Tidewater Guidance Clinic. United Service Organizaitons Club. United World Federalists. Virginia Federation Home Demonstration Club. Williamsburg Film Study Group. Williamsburg Junior Chamber of Commerce. Williamsburg Regional Library Association. Young Women's Club.","Programs.","American Association of University Women: Program and ballot, 1930. Hampton Roads Chemists' Club: Circular, 1931. National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Poetry Society: Programs, 1928-1936. Society of American Archivists. Southeastern Regional Conference of Law Teachers. Virginia Society, Sons of the American Revolution.","Scope and Contents Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of John Dameron with Secretary Thomas Nelson, with account of certificate recorded by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Castleton Harper and John Curd in account with Secretary Thomas Nelson, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of Colonel Joshua Fry with Secretary Nelson. Signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, April 1768 Account of Samuel Havistone, 1766, with the auditors with statement of account by Robert Prentis, Williamsburg. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1768 Account of John \u0026 Gerry Smith with Secretary Thomas Nelson with account of recording certificate for probating Smith's bill, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Bassett, William, 1717 Indenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883 Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Photostatic copy of indenture, 1 February 1823, between Thomas Nelson, Jr., George Washington Nelson, William Meade, and Thomasia (Nelson) Meade, his wife, and Dr. Alexander Galt for the purchase of a house and lot by Dr. Galt. 2 pp. Cy of DS. John T. James, 1859 Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. (Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Receipt of Samuel R. Mouzon for his share of the estate of William Nelson of Williamsburg, $218.64 1/2. 1 p. DS. Tyler [ ], 1812 Typed copy of an advertisement by in the Richmond Enquirer, 2 October 1812, offering for rent a dwelling in Williamsburg, recently occupied by Chancellor Tyler.","Teterel, Francis: Policies and premium receipts. 1807-1925 Waters, Sarah: Policies and premium receipts. 1796-1799 Webb, Walter W.: Receipt for premium. 1825.","Wedding Announcement, 1939","Deed given by the trustees on the city of Williamsburg to John Custis conveying three lots in the city. Signed by John Clayton and William Robertson","Indenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883","Anderson, Robert A contract for purchase of corn and fodder from John T. Marston. 1835. Cocke, Doctor Doctor Cocke of old Williamsburg. A printed article. Reprinted form the Medical Times, October 1936. Fresheau [Freneau], Peter Peter Fresheau [Freneau], Williamsburg, Virginia, to Mrs. Maryanne Scott, New York, 25 April 1749. Order to pay Charles Stewart the sum of five pounds sterling. Hundley, Jack \"They've sold the town.\" poem. 1929. Hunter, William Typed memoranda concerning William Hunter. Johnson, James James Johnson vs. Henry Wilson. Suit. 1842. Parks, Eleanor Typed copy of renunciation of benefit from will of William Parks. 1750. Parks, William Typed copy of will. 1750. Correspondence concerning a memorial to William Parks. 1922. Pelham, Ann Creese Silhouette of Ann Creese Pelham, wife of Peter Pelham. Richard, Milly Vicksburg, Miss., to Captain Thomas Russell, n.p., Va. 8 July 1868. A former slave who belonged to Scervant Jones inquires about her relations. She was Milly Armstrong. 2 pp. ALS. Rind, William Copy of inventory and appraisement of the estate of William Rind. 1773. Scott, Robert G. Typed copy of an advertisement of Robert G. Scott, attorney. In the Richmond Enquirer, 27 October 1812. Smith, Sydney Williamsburg, Va., to Henry Smith, 1/2 Way House, York Co., Va., 23 February 1854. Discusses local grassroots politics and his intention to run for Commonwealths attorney. 3 pp. ALS. Taliaferro, Charles Typescript about portrait. Warwick, Eliza Typed copies of correspondence of Eliza Warwick of Williamsburg, Va., 1801-1803. Originals in the Valentine Museum.","Affidavits denying that demonstrations were made against the United States by Williamsburg militia.  1872.","Announcements, newspaper clippings, etc.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Advertisements.","Scope and Contents Advertisements and other written material for moving pictures. Poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" is filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 29).","Garland of Spring Carols.","Receipt for the subscription to the Virginia Gazette., 1930 Outline of W. J. Johnston as editor of the Virginia Gazette.","Programs and posters.","Sheet of paper made by the Williamsburg Restoration illustrating the water mark of William Parks.","Barter Theater and Children's Theater Programs, announcements. Little Theater League., 1929-1938 Programs, announcements, and posters. Other Organizations, 1785, 1925-1930 Notes, programs, circulars, and posters.","Addresses and cards.  1875, 1924, 1931, 1948","Dedication program, 12 May 1962.","The Evening Press. Catalog of type specimens. The Williamsburg Bulletin (1945), Gardiners Virginia Gazette (1942) and The Evening Press (July 1942).  All of the above were edited and printed by Joseph Rowe Gardiner.","Scope and Contents Souvenir booklet of the Williamsburg Pre-Restoration Old-Timers reunion, November 1-2, 1980 (Samuel \"Billy\" D. Royall, printer).","Williamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy. Letters of application and recommendation for teaching position in the proposed male and female schools, 1849. Williamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy.","Photostats, 1811 Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia to Carter Berkeley, pertaining to schools in Williamsburg, 1811. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 32). Advertisement, 1805 A newspaper advertisement concerning Mr. Anderson's school for young ladies. Photostatic copy. April 30, 1805, Richmond Enquirer. Letter, 1820 A letter from Margaret Page, at Williamsburg, to John Page, at Union Town, Monroe County, Virginia, 19 January 1820, mentioning the opening of Mr. Morse's school for young ladies. (See Page-Saunders Papers, Folder 1). Letter, 1849 William Hodges, Washington, D.C., to Robert McCandlish, Williamsburg, Va., concerning the rental of his house for the Female School. 10 June 1849. 2 pp. ALS Williamsburg Female Academy, 1849-1852, 1862 A circular letter from Hubert P. LeFebvre, at Richmond, 21 August 1849. Catalog. 1851-1852. Typescript of a letter application from John K. Noel for a teaching position, noting his experience as principal of both the Williamsburg Female and Male Academies. 1862. Williamsburg Male Academy, 1855 Printed circular. 1855. Williamsburg Military School (Morressett \u0026 Peyton), 1852-1853 Letter, 1840 A letter from E.G. and M.R. Gatliff, at Williamsburg, to James Baytop, at Springfield, Gloucester Court House, 7 April 1840, concerning a girls' school. (See Gloucester County Papers, Folder 3). Bills, 1848, 1868 Bills for school supplies and tuition. 1848 and 1868. Copies. Book List A list of school books. Copy from a paper of Judge Frank Armistead of Williamsburg, Virginia. Female Seminary, 1880 See Armistead Papers, Folder 1.","Matthew Whaley, 1923-1931, 1943, 1945 Circulars and programs. 1923-1931. (new MW opened 15 September 1930, per The Powder Horn, October 1930). Dramatic Club bulletins and poster. Graduation invitation, 1945. Programs, 1943. Program for the George Washington Bicentennial, 1932. The Powder Horn, the school newspaper, March 1928, October - December 1930. Bruton Heights School Commencement invitation, concert program. Miscellaneous Rawls Byrd, History of the Public Schools in Williamsburg. Facts on Public Schools brochures, 1972-1973. 1984. \"Pride in the Past,\" American Education Week, November 11-17. From the Virginia Gazette. Teachers' Guides \"Eighteenth Century Life in Williamsburg, Virginia.\" \"The War and Elementary School Instruction in American Colonial Life.\"","1 photograph.","List of paid Capitation Taxes for 1946, 1947 and 1948 on or before May 7, 1949 and for 1947, 1948 and 1949 on or before December 12, 1949.","Scope and Contents \"A Bibliography on the Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg\" by Elsie Alderson.","Scope and Contents Flyers, pamphlets and more on the Colonial National Monument, \"A Brief History of and Guide Book to Jamestown, Williamsburg and Yorktown\" by Rutherfoord Goodwin (signed by the author), \"A Historic Old Virginia Pilgrimage\" brochure for taking a cruise to the Williamsburg area on April 29 - May 1, 1930 and brochures and reprints about Williamsburg, Jamestown and Yorktown. Tourist hardback book, \"Historic Peninsula of Virginia,\" distributed by Stone and Webster, Inc. in 1928. Photostatic copy of newspaper account of Jamestown Day, May 13. Year unknown.","A Proposed Zoning Ordinance for the City of Williamsburg, 1945. Zoning Ordinance Adopted 1947.","Scope and Contents Oversized items removed from Mss. 39.4 V82ci Williamsburg Papers. Organized by the folder from which they were removed. Folder 3: Williamsburg Charter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Folder 13: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Folder 14: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster for \"Lecture Recital at Bruton Parish Church...Dr. David McK. Williams.\" 1943. Folder 15a: Churches - Christian Science Monitor, 1951 poster for a lecture by Claire Rauthe and 1944-45 free lecture announcements. Folder 17: Clubs and Organizations - The Exchange Club flyers, 1949-1954. Folder 19: Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. Folder 29: Moving Pictures - Large poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" to be held at the Williamsburg Theater. undated. Folder 32: Schools - Private Schools - Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia, to Carter Berkeley pertaining to schools in Williamsburg. 1811","Letter written by W. Fred Andrews of Gahanna, Ohio to Parke Rouse, Jr. reminiscing about his days as a student at the College of William and Mary. 3 pp. June 22, 1974.","ALS of C.P. Armistead, Williamsburg to the Hon. R. Taylor Scott, Richmond, Virginia, dated 27 May 1893 regarding his brother running for office, probably the Electoral Board of James City County.","Photocopies of newsclippings, journal articles, and Bruton Parish Bulletins about the 1991 dig by New Agers to search for evidence in the Bruton Parish Churchyard, Williamsburg, Virginia, to support the controversial claim that Sir Francis Bacon wrote Shakespeare's plays plus a formula for establishing world peace. August 20, 1992 photographs of Bruton Parish Churchyard digs with Marley Brown, archaelogist of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. One photograph shows the Middleton Vault.","Scope and Contents Handwritten letter from Samuel Putnam, Union soldier and Orderly in the 25th Massachusetts Volunteers while at Camp West near Williamsburg to his father. Putnam writes about the occupation of Williamsburg by Union soldiers, the destruction of the College of William and Mary, the \"insane asylum\" and his theft from a Williamsburg home of several letters by Thomas Jefferson, several letters by \"revolutionary maidens\" and one letter by Richard H. Lee.","One page from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper of March 10, 1887, entitled \"Virginia a day in a historic town--views of old Williamsburg.\"","Scope and Contents Fragment of a receipt signed by Abram. Loc[ke]tt and \"Wmsburg Dist\" noted on the bottom of the page. undated.","Signed Williamsburg Tricentennial poster, 1999.","Handwritten letter from O. F. Helner of the 33rd regiment, at a camp near Williamsburg to Mr. Abbott. He writes about the Battle of Williamsburg and a visit by General McClellan to the camp. May 1862. Transcript included.","Scope and Contents Playbills, 1891-1896 and undated, from plays staged at Cameron Hall at Eastern State Hospital with actors and actresses from the College of William and Mary and the local community. Some programs list \"The Virginia Comedians\" as the producer. Playbills, 1910 and 1916, from plays staged at the College of William and Mary.","Scope and Contents Union soldier's letter, \"John\" to his sweetheart \"Mary,\" 12 May (1862), regarding the occupation of Williamsburg by the North. Mention of Northern dead in Williamsburg after the battle and burying soldiers. Excerpt, \"...there are some very pretty girls here but I noticed that some of them were [wear] the rebel flag on their bosom.\" Stereoscopic card, \"War Views, View of Court House and Church, Hospital of the 2nd Corps, Yorktown, Va.\" No. 2374, published by E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony \u0026 Co. Negative by Brady \u0026 Co., Washington. Someone has crossed out \"Yorktown\" and written \"Williamsburg.\"","Four pamphlets: Catalogue of the Williamsburg Female Academy, 1851-1852; two copies of the catalogue of the Williamsburg Military School, Richmond, 1853; prospectus and catalogue of the Williamsburg Male Academy, 1852-1853.","Broadside dated December 14th, [1941], announcing a Citizen's Mass Meeting...at the Williamsburg Theatre.","Scope and Contents Photostat copies of newspaper articles about the Battle of Williamsburg from the New York Daily Tribune, May 10, 12 and 13, 1862, photostat copies of a map of the \"Lower Peninsula,\"  and \"Battle of Williamsburg\" and both a negative and a positive photocopies entitled \"Charge of Hancock's Brigade at Williamsburgh,\" \"Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-works in front of Williamsburg from sketches made May 6, 1862,\" \"Williamsburg, Va.\"  These prints have notes on them and might be partial proofs for a publication.","Three photographs of the Dedication of Ft. Magruder, May 5, 1952 by Von Dubell Studio.    Publication of a letter by The Business Men's Association of the City of Williamsburg about \"taking early steps for the proper  celebration at Jamestown of the Tercentennial Anniversary...did on the September 7, 1900, in the name of the citizens of Williamsburg, pass resolutions for the appointment of a committee...\"  On inside of pamphlet, resolutions are listed.","G.W. Thorpe Plat, surveyed March 1916; Pine Grest Subdivision blue print plat, owned and developed by Ernest G. Vaughan and sold to Carrie V. Williams, surveyed November/December 1939; Capitol Heights property blueprint plat of Frank G. Linekin, June 26, 1930; W.L. Jones blueprint plat,May 1926; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, August 10, 1939; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, December 10, 1920; Powhatan Park blueprint plat, property of York Land Corporation, April 1916; blueprint plat of property conveyed by Celia Maxton to others,land between route 60 and the railroad, September 7, 1952; and plat of property of H.D. Bozarth between Clay and Harrison Streets, June 19, 1925.","Posters for performances at the Matthew Whaley Auditorium in 1936, poster for \"Middle Plantation Art \u0026 Handcraft Exhibition\" at Casey's Annex (undated), poster for exhibit of \"Walt Disney's Original Paintings used in Snow White\" at the Bruton Parish House (undated), Williamsburg Tricentennial Poster, Colonial Williamsburg concert posters, Williamsburg Theatre posters (undated, possibly 1930's), and other posters for entertainment at Williamsburg High School and the Presbyterian Church (undated, possibly 1930's).","Two aerial photographs of South Henry Street area of Williamsburg, Virginia. Undated.","Photograph of a print \"Loudon-street, Winchester.\"","Scope and Contents Many of these papers appear to be from the Clerk of Court office in Winchester, Virginia. Clerk of Court signatures include John Peyton, Clerk of Hustings, Winchester, Virginia and Algernon R. Wood. Organized in date order. Account for Nicholas Scheren to David Michael Rutter. May 1786 Payment from Dr. Robert Colvin to Philip Bush. October 12, 1786 Accounts for Robert Sherrard to James Murry. 1787 Payment from Robert Sherrard to John Hamilton for waggonage from Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] to Winchester, Virginia. 1787 Document about refund of payment made by Tejamus ? Dowdall to Robert Colvin, who opened a school. April 12, 1787 Court summons for Josiah Jackson and Zebediah Hollingsworth for James Murray in case with Robert Sherrard, Defendant. August 9, 1787 Indenture. James and Eleanor Wood of Davidson, North Carolina and David Dedderick, for Lot 9 on West side of Loudon (Loudoun) Street in Borough of Winchester. September 22, 1789 Marriage Bond between Enos Roberts and Mary Kendrick. January 13, 1790 Marriage bond of Conrad House and Susannah Shusher. December 27, 1790 Bond for James Walls as executor of last Will and Testament of John Wynn. June 30, 1794 Charter between Shreve Lawson of Baltimore, Maryland and James Moseley, Merchant on freight on the ship Alexandria. July 4, 1796 Marriage license between James A. Nelson and Polly M. Donald. April 26, 1802 Manumission papers from Peter Lauck to Peter Bisick. March 14, 1806 Affidavit. Josiah Massy took oath of Lieutenant in 31st Regiment, 16th Brigade. Signed by A. (B.) Miller. May 2, 1812. Register of sale of Louisa Robinson (wife of Jonathan Robinson) to Doctor Daniel Conrad. August 3, 1818. Act \"to amend the Act incorporating the Town of Winchester.\" Complete handwritten text of the act as presented to the General Assembly in Richmond, Virginia. Copied by William Munford, Keeper of the Rolls. Document bound with string. Dated December 12, 1818 and passed January 9, 1819 Inquest. \"Inquisition on the body of Robert Cockerton (?) who died at the house of Elizabeth Pendleton, Innkeeper. November 1, 1820 Contract/letter of attorney between John Holland of Gosney Manor of Shenandoah County, Virginia, woolan manufacturer, and George Hadfield of Old Hall, County of Chester, in England to Hugh Shaw. June 8, 1827 Manumission papers where Margaret Galloway emancipates negro woman, Maria, wife of William Tuckrin, a free negro. October 17, 1827 Manumission papers or Certification of Freedom for Negro Lucy under the will of Alexander White of Woodville. June 13, 1832 Certificate of Freedom, or Manumission papers, signed by Phebe Coubourn that she raised Nancy Sabro, a \"dark Muluto\" who was born of free parents. September 21, 1835 Notice to Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester for summons of Jonathan Cox, Davy Johnson, Thomas Pollard, James Pollard, Richard Strange, Lewis Smith, David Washington and Rose Williams for \"remaining within this corporation and Commonwealth more than 12 months of their right to freedom…\" May 5, 1846 Bill of sale to William H. Brown from George R. Long for sale of negro man, Abraham Washington. August 24, 1846 Court Case. Algernon R. Wood, prosecutor for Commonwealth of Virginia, against James Pollard, a free negro or mulatto who remained in Virginia after he was freed. October 3, 1846 Court summons for Sally Field for remaining in Winchester after being freed. June 23, 1848 Mary, negro slave of Joseph Baker, charged with trying to poison Nancy Lindsey with tea. June 1, 1849 Notarized statements of Amelia Ann Buck of Warren County, Virginia regarding copartnership with John R. Ricards, John N. Buck of Baltimore, Maryland and Thomas L. Blakemon of Warren County regarding hotel, Mountain House in Hampshire County, Virginia. John R. Buck sells his interest to his brother, William M. Buck. July 3, 1850 Letter from Baltimore, Maryland regarding his father's estate. Author unknown. February 20, 1851 Recording of last will and testament of Addison B. Riely in Baltimore, Maryland. Endorsed by Ann R. Riely. September 27, 1852 Certificate for R.B. Allen to sell wine at his store on Cameron Street.September 1, 1855 Court summons in case of Patrick Conner vs John H. Anderson, Conner's apprentice. October 8, 1856 Letter from John Quanten ? to Robert L. Brookings asking for servant woman Lucy who was part of the estate of Mrs. Emmets?. May 27, 1857 Indictment. John Howard, alias John Newman, a free negro, was accused of assault by Rachel Ann Holler, a white woman and jailed. Indictment against James W. Jones, the jailor, for allowing the prisoner to escape. March 17, 1860 Command to the Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester to take \"…Maria Ball [Colored]…her safely keep…until May indictment … for remaining in the State of Virginia…without lawful permission. April 21, 1860 Notice to Sheriff of Berkeley County, Virginia to imprison Elizabeth Farrow if she is found in Berkeley County. She is charged with having a \"…house of ill fame for the purpose of prostitution and lewedness.\" April 17, 1861 Note from Clerk of Court in Winchester where he says he has been notified by a military order that he is no longer the Clerk. June 5, 1868 Court case with John Vilwig regarding two coffins. June 1886. Republican Ticket for Virginia. 1892. Letter from George S. Bowers of Laurell, Maryland, about \"Willie\" accepting Christ [in the Lutheran Church]. December 13, 1918 Instructions to lawyer or court about charges of larceny against a free negro. undated. Fragment. \"Twelve days have been expended in loading.\"","Circular for the Woodstock Male and Female Academy. July 21, 1866.","Papers, ca. 1824-1983, relating to Yorktown, Va. Includes articles concerning Yorktown; materials relating to the surrender of Cornwallis and to the celebrations [1824, 1881, 1930-1937 and 1981], documents concerning Yorktown National Military Park  [now Colonial National Historical Park] and the Navy Mine Depot [now Naval Weapons Station].","Historical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.  7 pieces.","Two facsimilies of the parole of Cornwallis. 2 pieces. Journal of the siege of York-Town...as recorded in the hand of Gaspard de Gallatin and translated by the French department of the College of William and Mary...Washington, United States Printing Office. 1931. 48 p. 24 cm. (71st Congress, 3rd Session. Senate. Document no. 322.) 1 piece. Un geste patriotique des Strasbourgeois au cours de la guerre d'Independence americaine. Printed. 1 piece. Ceux de Yorktown par Servan Malo, with English translation. 2 pieces. Memorandum on J.C. Louis, Baron von Closen. By Ruth E. Butler. 4 typed pages. 1 piece. Photographs showing restoration of French and American fortifications around Yorktown. About 1935. 3 pieces. Photographs of a painting of the siege of Yorktown. 3 copies. Also an enlargement. Map of the siege of Yorktown. 1 3/4 x 1 1/2 inches. 1 piece. An engraving of the surrender at Yorktown. 1 piece. List of Confederate Soldiers buried at Yorktown which includes Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Williamsburg. (Copy from the National Park Service. Original at the Yorktown Visitor Center).","Printed topographical map of the Colonial National monument, Yorktown Battlefield, Virginia. Made by the U.S. Geological Survey 1931. 30 1/4 x 29 1/4 inches. 1 piece. Three newspaper clippings concerning the siege of Yorktown. Other papers. 5 pieces. Walking stick made from the flag staff of the 80th British Regiment, Yorktown, 1781. Returned to donor (Nellie Deans Greaves) in either 1960's or 1970's. Printed announcement, dated at Montpellier, 9? December 1781, signed by Le Comte de Perigord, stating that the King has ordered a Te Deum sung in all the churches of France for the Yorktown victory. Purchased from Thomas L. Suter, 16 October 1952.","Buildings Photographs and prints: Customs House; Lord Cornwallis' Cave; Main Street; Monument Lodge (1 piece); Moore House (4 pieces--3 photographs in Mapcase); Shield House (oldest house) and Nelson House (1 piece); Yorktown wharf (1 piece). Monument Photographs. 1 piece. 2 newspapers with history of the building and opening of the George P. Coleman Bridge. Located in mapcase.","6 pieces including 1 photograph. See also Folders 6-8.","Scope and Contents Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Includes a photograph album entitled \"Views of The Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, Virginia, October 16-17-18-19, 1931\" presented to The College of William and Mary in Virginia by the Yorktown Sesquicentenniail Association, Inc. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Views of the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, VA, October 16-19,1931 from the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association, Inc","Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931:  Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration.  20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981:  Official commemorative program.  Official booklet:  \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.","Yorktown National Military Park June 6, 1921 ...In the Senate of the United States.  June 6, 1921.. A bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...7 p.  28 cm.  1 piece. 1921 Hearings before the subcommittee of the committee on appropriations United States Senate...on a bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...Washington, Government printing office, 1921.  16 p.  23 1/2 cm.  1 piece. Navy Mine Depot Navy Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia By Commander A. H. Miles, U.S. Navy.  (Reprinted from the United States Naval Institute Proceedings v. 54, no. 4, whole no. 302.)  1 piece. In the matter of Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia...Brief submitted on behalf of owners of property...Newport News, Franklin Printing Co.  21 p.  23 cm.  1 piece.","Material relating to the annual celebrations of Yorktown Day, sometimes called Yorktown Fete.","Fete in honor of General La Fayette.  Printed pamphlet by R.G. Scott on what happened during planning of the Yorktown Fete of 1824 and why he should not be responsible. 1827.","Centennial.  \"An Appeal to the Country for a National Centennial Celebration of the Surrender of Lord Cornwallis.\"  Printed by Virginian Print, Norfolk, Va. 1879. Special Communication of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Virginia at Yorktown 1881. Celebration of Yorktown Centennial- a pamphlet containing incidents and speeches from event. 10/19/1881. A History, Surrender of the British Forces to the Americans and French at Yorktown, Va., Program for the Centennial Anniversary Celebration on October 18th, 1881.","\"Admiral Francis Joseph Paul De Grasse, Hero of Yorktown\" by Louis A Culvillier 1931Invitation and tickets to Yorktown Celebration 1931List of European Guests at Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Newsletter on Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Official Program of Yorktown Celebration.  1931Some Old Yorktown Maps by K.W. Trimble.  Reprint from The Military Engineer, 1931Tentative Program of Yorktown Celebration byYorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931Ticket Stubs-Yorktown 150 year Celebration 1931Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931","Program of Celebration of 155th Anniversary of the Victory at Yorktown under the Joint Auspices…  10/19/1936","Program of Yorktown Celebration, October 18-19, 1934.","Letter from A.A. Folsone to Hon. Lyon G. Tyler enclosing engraving of a view of Yorktown, \"Yorktown Battlefield\" by John B. Chapman per Graham's Magazine, 1814.","Scope and Contents Photograph of House in Yorktown undatedPhotograph of Yorktown Battlefield and Moore House undatedSketch of Yorktown- View from the River (Copy) undatedYorktown Homes (6 photographs on cardboard) undatedGreeting Cards -Prints of Moore House and Nelson House  1934","Original ink wash drawing by a federal soldier in 1862. View of the York River waterfront. Transferred to artifact librarian in 2011.","Scope and Contents Plats of Yorktown, Photostats (2)  undated Sign - Guided Tour of Yorktown (10\"x7\" cardboard sign) 1941 \"Establishment of the American Army.\"  Photostat of May 27, 1778 Congressional Order.","Available online via the Library catalog for William and Mary users; alternate access is available via the Internet Archive: http://www.archive.org/details/journalofsiegeof00gall.","\"Yorktown Church Said Third Oldest in Virginia,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  May 9, 1960.\"Historic Nelson House,\" January 31, 1973\"Battle Lines Will Be Reconstructed at Yorktown,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  January 31, 1973.","Scope and Contents Christmas Dinner Menu, U.S. Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia.  1950.Colonial National Historic Park brochure by US Department of Interior (2 Copies).  1940Old Yorktown and its History by Mrs. Sydney Smith.  1920Salvaging Relics from York River.  1939U.S. 17 George Washington Memorial Highway Map, Tidewater, Virginia, into Colonial National Historical Park.  undated.Views of Yorktown and Gloucester Town—Mariners Museum, Newport News, Virginia.  1946Virginia Gazette Supplement, The Public Observer, \"Yorktown Day of Yesteryear.\"  October 1972\"Yorktown-Climax of the Revolution,\" National Park Service, Source Book Series, Number 1 (2 copies).  1941","\"Henri de Saint-Simon at Yorktown; A French Prophet of Modern Industrialism in America,\" The Franco-American Review, Autumn 1937.\"A Neglected French Collaborator in the Victory of Yorktown\" by Harold A. Larrabee.  1932.","Yorktown Sesquicentennial medal commemorating the surrender of Lord Cornwallis in 1781. Transferred to Artifact Collection.","Eighteen early photographs of monuments in Yorktown, Virginia, many with descriptions written on the reverse side.","Photographs of: the Victory monument,  the monument on the spot where Cornwallis surrendered to Washington, Lafayette Coach at Bremo, Spring where Washington got his water, marker of French soldiers' graves (2), plaque for site of the Home of Nicolas Martiau,  plaque for \"Baron Gaspard de Gallatin,\" walk along top of old earthworks (3), where Washington had his tent, spot marked where a tablet once was, plaque for \"french soldiers and sailors,\" where Lafayette had his tent, plaque for Thomas Nelson, Jr. and artists conception of celebration (ships in harbour). 17 photographs.","Photograph of Battery; print of \"Reddotopm de L'armee du Lord Cornwallis; 3 photograph of inside and outside of the Moore House, 1911; two copies of the Gloucester-Mathews newspaper, May 7, 1952, with the history of the building of the George P. Coleman Bridge; and one copy of the Daily Press, May 7, 1952, about the Coleman Bridge."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts tranferred to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection include: Presbyterian Student Choir Badge (39.4V82.A01.1), Presbyterian Junior Choir Badges (39.4V82.A01.2a-e), York River Ink Wash Drawing (39.4V82ci.02), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commission Medal (39.4V82ci.03), Yorktown Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coin (39.4V82ci.04)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Grace Street Gardens (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Theatre (Richmond, Va.)","The Virginia Comedians","United States. Army. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, 25th","Williamsburg Businessmen's Association (Va.)","Williamsburg Female Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Male Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Military School (Williamsburg, Va)","Crump family","Dunlop family","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Michaux, Lightfoot Solomon"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Grace Street Gardens (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Theatre (Richmond, Va.)","The Virginia Comedians","United States. Army. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, 25th","Williamsburg Businessmen's Association (Va.)","Williamsburg Female Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Male Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Military School (Williamsburg, Va)","Crump family","Dunlop family","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Michaux, Lightfoot Solomon"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Grace Street Gardens (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Theatre (Richmond, Va.)","The Virginia Comedians","United States. Army. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, 25th","Williamsburg Businessmen's Association (Va.)","Williamsburg Female Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Male Academy (Williamsburg, Va)","Williamsburg Military School (Williamsburg, Va)"],"famname_ssim":["Crump family","Dunlop family"],"persname_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Michaux, Lightfoot Solomon"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":390,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:52:45.001Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtificial collection of papers relating to various cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA newspaper clipping concerning dead towns in Virginia.  1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents History of Christ Church. 3 p. 15 1/2 cm. Christmas card from Old Presbyterian Meeting House from William Buckner and Mr. Croarty. undated. Letter to Earl Gregg Swem from Josephine Weeks about buying a newly made print from Colonel Gilpin's \"Plan of Alexandria, 1798.\" June 17,1944. Alexandria businesses papers: envelope from Garrett and Monroe, card from Gwin, Beckham and Company Commission Merchants and Andrews Studios. undated. List of names and inscriptions on gravestones at Christ Church, Old Presbyterian Meeting House and Bethlehem Cemetery by George Magruder Battey. Carbon Copy. June 1, 1944. History of St. Paul's Church, Fairfax Parish, 1810-1932 by Margery Arden Hall. Copy. \"Financial statement and report and list of subscribers and pewholders of Saint Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church in Fairfax\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBath is in present day Berkeley County, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers of Thomas Marshall Hunter, Morgantown, W.Va. Typed copy of an act for establishing a town at the Warm Springs in the county of Berkeley.  October 1776. 1 piece. A list of original purchasers of lots in Bath, Berkeley County.  1 piece.  Extracts from the minutes of the trustees of Bath.  1 piece. An excerpt from Thomas Jefferson's Notes of Virginia.  1793. 1 piece. Copies of newspaper advertisements of stores and boarding houses. 1781.  3 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advertisement card for travel from Lynchburg, Virginia. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Music festival 1931. Advertising folder. Letter inviting people to visit a new academy established at the Midway under Mr. Pike Powers, formerly professor of Mathematics at Hampton Sydney. Signed by the nine professors. July 17, 1838. Affidavit signed by the Librarian of the Library of the University of Virginia on July 10, 1848 that the letter was copied from the Richmond Enquirer collection on July 10, 1848. Brochure of photographs of the buildings at the University of Virginia. A 1\" x 3.5\" calendar for 1927 from President Alderman is attached. 1927. Prints of engravings: \"View of the University of Virginia\" and \"University of Virginia, Charlottesville.\" undated. Letter from W.W. Gilmer of Charlottesville to the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia recommending A.P. Abell as Proctor of the University. Partial letter from an unknown person at the University about new professorships, lack of money, who might be retiring and the increase from 32 to 50 Virginia students. April 4, 1856. Letter from Edwin M. Mann of the Chambers of the Judge of the Hustings Court in Petersburg, Virginia to Capt. W. Roane Ruffin, Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia about recommending Mayor R.W. Jones for Chair of General and Applied Chemistry and Pharmacy. September 23, 1884. \"College Topics\", Volume VII, Number 4, a publication of the University of Virginia which gives and account of the burning of the Rotunda. November 4, 1895. Sent by John Stewart Bryan on February 10, 1936. Editorial to the Enquirer by W.A. Turner about a proposed bill to consolidate the medical department at the University of Virginia and the Medical College at Richmond. undated. Mimeograph copy of a letter to Miss Nannie from Sallie J. Doswell about the advertising costs in her new edition of the condensed history of the University. March 21, 1911. A small book of \"A Partial Roster of Eminent Alumni\" of the \"University of Virginia in the Service of the Republic.\" undated. University of Virginia Alumni News. December 1926. University of Virginia commencement programs. June 29, 1855, June 27, 1856 (2 copies), June 29,1857 (2 copies) and July 4, 1860 (2 copies).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents A historical and descriptive article. undated. 1 piece. Typed copy of an act incorporating the town, 1749. 1 piece. Typed copy of a list of residents of Dumfries found in the ledger of Daniel Payne, merchant. 1758-1761. 1 piece. Typed list of merchants residing in Dumfries. 1789. 1 piece. A Short historical sketch of the Dumfries lodge of Masons, 1797-1830, including a list of members in 1798. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents A print, \"Fortress Monroe, Va. and Its Vicinity\" with a numbered legend of places on the picture. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDay book of the corporation of Fredericksbug, Virginia. 28 April 1802 -- 28 February 1812. 80 pages. 12 3/4 x 7 3/4 inches. List of voters and militia in the corporation of Fredericksburg, Virginia. 1855. 48 pages. 13 3/4 x 4 1/4 inches. An illustrated descriptive folder. 1 piece. An envelope printed with six views of buildings. 1 piece. 1787-1840 Fredericksburg District Court Records: See Mss. Acc. 2008.319 Fredericksburg, Virginia District Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Fredericksburg Street lottery tickets signed by Beck (sic) Welford. Over 50 tickets. Some tickets have the name of purchaser on the reverse side. 1826. 1 lottery ticket from St. Louis, dated March 6, 1817. Pages with photographs of State Teachers College. (Mary Washington University). 4 pages. undated. Printed letter to the \"communicants of St. George's Church\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia, asking for funds. undated. Statement of current expenses of St. George's Church in Fredericksburg, Virginia. February 19, 1872. Advertisement for \"Johnston and Company, Druggists and Apothecaries\" in Fredericksburg, Virginia. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNumerical list of blanks and prizes in the Fredericksburg Female Charity School Lottery.  1805.  48 pages.  15 1/2 x 10 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 5, 1953 Daily Press newspaper clipping \"Historical Approach Used in the Selection of New Names for Hampton City Streets.\" Annual reports for the Committee for the Fort Monroe Museum and its successor, the Casemate Museum. 1951-1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraving of Hanover Court-House, possibly removed from a book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo prints of Harper's Ferry by W.H. Bartlett, 1838, showing different views. One newspaper print reproduction, \"Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Company.  1854. Three prints by G. Perkins, 1874, \"Harper's Ferry by Moonlight.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 printed reproductions of photographs of buildings at the \"State Teacher's College\" in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Flyers advertising \"Gooch\" and \"Little Miss Spruce\" trees by Winslow L. Gooch of Hopewell, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated material: See the Jamestown Corporation Records, 1946-1979, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; and the Jamestowne Society Papers, 1930-1966, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1629-1952, relating to Jamestown, Va. Note: Items relating to Colonial National Historical Park and to Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Yorktown are filed under Williamsburg. See also: Map Collection.\n Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. Undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photograph of a section of the church yard. Undated. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026amp; Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotostat of Richmond TImes Dispatch, 1936 Jamestown Day\n Photostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Page to William Sherwood Deed. 1681/2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing: Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail. (8 items).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEphemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956. Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMonument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Postcard of rear view of Jamestown Church.  1930's newspaper article entitled \"National Memorial to the Progress of the Colored Race in America\" about Elder Lightfoot Solomon Michaux building a memorial at Jamestown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Historical and descriptive articles, and general views of the town. 13 pieces. Landing at Jamestown. An engraving. 1 piece. Print of \"The First Legislative Assembly in America. James Town, Virginia, August, 1619.\" (From Goodrich's History of the United States of America (New York, 1828). 2 items. Photostats of four pages from a court journal of James City. 1629. 4 pieces. Photostat of a portion of John Clayton's letter of August 17, 1688, containing a description and map of Jamestown Island. 4 photostats. Log houses at Jamestown. By George C. Gregory. Blueprint of a typed article. 1 piece. Deed given by John Page to William Sherwood, 6 February 1682. Photographs of buildings and foundations. 13 pieces. undated. Panoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown are filed in the Mapcase. Photograph of a section of the church yard. undated. 1 piece. Objects unearthed. 6 photographs and an illustrated article. undated. Celebrations of the founding of Jamestown, 1895, 1932, 1935, 1952. 7 pieces. Monument. Copy of architect's sketch. 1 piece. Philopena Album. New York: Published by Leavitt \u0026amp; Allen, undated. Includes engraving of Jamestown.\nPhotostat of newspaper clipping about the annual services commemorating Jamestown Day to be held May 13. From the Richmond Times Dispatch, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotostat copies: letter from Ellen M. Bagby of the Jamestown Committee of the APVA to Mr. Warner S. McCall of Gibson City, Illinois inviting him to Jamestown for the installation of the plaque honoring Edward Maria Wingfield; memo by Warner McCall read by Bishop Brown at the Annual meeting of the APVA and newspaper clippings of the event with picture of plaque.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotostat copies of two early deeds from Jamestown from the Ambler Papers at the Library of Congress, \"Virginia:  Jamestown--Land Patents, Deeds, etc.\"         Four photographs from the National Park Service:         Plate 1:  Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,         Plate 2:  bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,         Plate 3:  fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and         Plate 4:  drawing of drinking mug, restored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEight postcards from the Jamestown Exposition in 1907, showing:  Swiss village, harbor, view, lovers lane, Hotel Chamberlain, official seal of the Jamestown Exposition (1907), U.S. government Pier, and the winding trail.  (8 items).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Ephemera from the 1957 Jamestown Celebration. Includes pamphlets, invitations, program for \"An Historical Pageant: Opechancanough, the Last Chief of the Powhatans\" given at the site of Pamunkee in West Point, Virginia, schedules, tickets, flyers, press releases and the program of a luncheon in honor of Thomas B. Stanley, Governor of Virginia, at the Savoy Hotel in London, England on October 9, 1956.  Includes two copies of the Virginia Gazette Special Edition on the 1957 Jamestown Festival and a report to the Virginia 350th Anniversary Celebration, \"Planning Hospital Services for Williamsburg, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour photographs from the National Park Service:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlate 1: Fragment of the Copeland or Chuckatuck Spoon Excavated at Jamestown,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlate 2: bowl fragment indentified as belonging to the handle of the type illustrated in Plate 1,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlate 3: fragment of pewter measure of the baluster type and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlate 4: drawing of drinking mug, restored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEphemera from the 350th Anniversary of Jamestown. Includes the Virginia Department of Highways report on \"Traffic and the Jamestown Festival,\" \"Jamestown Festival Official Program,\" programs for the musical program at PBK in Williamsburg and the christening of the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, brochure entitled \"Souvenir of the Jamestown Festival 1957, Old World Heritage,\"Jamestown Festival brochure, brochure for \"The Founders,\" ticket stub for the festivities, and a Jamestown Anniversary Issue of the magazine \"Forth\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePanoramic photograph of Jamestown Island, photograph of a building foundation and an aerial photograph of Jamestown, undated for probably early 20th century. 2 copies of the Supplement to the Virginia Gazette, dated June 28, 1957, about the Jamestown Festival.\nJohn Page to William Sherwood Deed, 1681/82.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington Lottery Tickets, signed by Fisher and Jordan. 5 tickets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Lynchburg art club. Catalog of exhibition, 1929. 1 sheet. Flyer for \"Lynchburg Institute for Young Ladies\" conducted by Mr. And Mrs. Meany. undated. A flyer for the Morgantown Female Academy which is to be run by Mr. and Mrs. Meany, 1845, and a flyer for St. Mary's Female Seminary (Maryland) written by E.J. Meany, Principal. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Envelope from the business, Messrs. Lee Taylor and Co., Leaf Tobacco. undated. Receipt of William Turner and John F. Powell. August 22, 1795. Receipt of Capt. William Turner and John Poe, July 21, 1821. Receipt of Walter Irvine, Samuel Irvine and Proper Powell, July 11, 1796.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram of the seventh annual assembly of the Virginia branch of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1937.  1 piece. Program of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece. News letter of the seventh annual assembly of the Huguenot Society of the founders of Manakin.  1938.  1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note giving the wording of the act of incorporation. 1799. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn airplane view. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTo the pioneers of Newport News, Va. A historical sketch by George B. West. 1911. Typed copy. 1 piece. The Mariners' Museum. By Homer L. Ferguson. 9 p. illus. 28 cm. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of merchants. 2 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceipt for George [illegible] who lives at 453-21 Street, Newport News, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people, including an 1804 letter describing a fire in Norfolk, an 1826 polling list, and an 1830 funeral invitation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Papers, 1804-1950, relating to Norfolk, Va. An artificial collection of letters, broadsides, and pamphlets relating to Norfolk, Va., its history and people. Includes letter, 1804, concerning fire in Norfolk; list, 1826, of votes for General Assembly election; funeral invitation, 1830; and printed material (Gray Lines Motor Tours schedule and advertisement, \"The Tidewater Trail,\" \"Norfolk's Historic Mace\" (1935), \"Christ Church Congregation\" by Robert Morton Hughes and program of \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's Most Unusual Church [First Baptist]); broadside describing exhibitions and activities of Norfolk Museum of Arts and Science; and photograph of woodcut showing Market Square. 14 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal, printed and miscellaneous material. W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp. ALS. March 24, 1804. Includes typescript. 1 p. List of voters casting their vote for either George Loyall of John S. Steed as the next delegate from Norfolk to the General Assembly. April 24, 1826 1 p. PD. Invitation to attend the funeral of Col. William Anderson, Norfolk, Va. June 13, 1830. 1 item. PC. Pamphlet entitled, \"Christ Church Congregation,\" by Robert Morton Hughes. 1937. 13 pp. PM. Program of the \"Sesquicentennial Jubilee [of] Norfolk's most Unusual Church, [First Baptist].\" 1950. 57 pp. PM. Schedule of Gray Line Motor Tours of the Norfolk and Virginia Beach area. 1929. 1 p. PM. \"The Tidewater Trail, a chronicle for Groups for Service Women in this Community,\" featuring an article about the Barton Myers home in Norfolk, Va. January 1, 1931. 16 pp. PM. A brief history and description of the Mace of Norfolk, entitled \"Norfolk's Historic Mace.\" 1935. 14 pp. PM. Advertising bill for Gray Line Motor Tours. n.d. 1 p. PM Advertisement of John B. Loughran, \"dealer in picture frames, looking glasses...and clocks,\" No. 182 Church St., Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 p. PM. Handbill describing exhibitions and activities of the Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences. n.d. 1 p. PM. Black and white photograph, 8\" x 10\", of a woodcut of Market Square, Norfolk, Va. n.d. 1 item. Ph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents S.W.B. Oliphant, Norfolk, Va., to Daniel Boehm, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention of the office of the Cashier of Dir[ection?] and Deposit in Norfolk; describes the fire which burned Norfolk, stating that \"its ravages [were more] than anything of the kind ever witnessed by me\"; requests two chests of Hyson Tea after reading of newly arrived shipments from India; also asks for candles and mustard in bottles, as well as a quarter cask of good Lisbon wine. 3 pp.  ALS.  Including typescript.  1 p.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisement for subscription to the \"Day Book\" for Norfolk and Portsmouth residents. Ca. 1870. Note: Photographs from the 1907 Jamestown Exposition held in Norfolk, Virginia are filed under James City County, Virginia in the Virginia Counties Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Pocahontas Playbill. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA letter from P.H. Drewry, 13 September 1922, regarding his proposed history of Petersburg. 1 piece. Tabb Street Presbyterian Church. List of members, 1867. Printed. 1 piece. Advertising sheets and cards of business houses. 3 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Photographs of the Virginia State College for Negroes in Petersburg, Virginia. undated. Account book from the Petersburg area. Earliest legible date is 1765. Partial. Fragile. Some names legible. Fragments of invoices from the Petersburg area. Fragile. Legible names: Mr. Buchanan, John Smith, Charles Hudson, Littlebury White, Buckner Raney, Mrs. Elizabeth Randolph and William Hamlin. 1759-1789. 8 items. Advertising card form the Davis Carriage Company. undated. Article on Blandford's Church from \"The Commonwealth Magazine\". June 1954. Report by the Association Preservation Petersburg Antiquities on the Pride Family and Pride's Field. Includes newspaper articles and photographs. February 4, 1938. Copy of legal document about moving a road near Blandford. Includes plat and list of all tithables on the land of Bollingbrook Ward. May 1787.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of Portsmouth. By Mildred M. Holladay. In the Portsmouth Star, 19 January 1936. 1 piece. A deed given by Tapley Webb and others conveying a tract of land in Portsmouth to Purnal Pitts. 1812. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Six black and white photographs of the Providence Forge Mill showing inside and outside of mill. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers, ca. 1793-1931, relating to Richmond, Va. Includes photographs, engravings, broadsides, programs of art exhibits, advertising cards, correspondence, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Newspaper clipping - \"Richmond, Virginia, in 1793, an unpublished manuscript of the Reverend Henry Toulmin, a visiting English clergyman (information obtained from Colonel Gamble, a merchant of Richmond). 1 item. [concluding article only]. Newspaper clipping of a letter, 17 April 1878, from S. Bassett French to John Letcher concerning the riot in Richmond, 2 April 1863. 1 item. Two copies of articles on the history of Richmond by Edward V. Valentine, William G. Stanard, Mary Newton Stanard, Douglas S. Freeman, H. J. Eckenrode and Sally Nelson Robbins, in the Richmond News-Leader, 29 December 1924. Advertising sheet of Richmond's business, enterprise and attractions. undated. 1 item. Prospectus of...Richmond, capital of Virginia [approaches to its history]...Whittet and Shepperson, 1937. 1 item. Photograph of an engraved view of Richmond. Engravings (2 copies) of \"Richmond from the James.\" New York: D. Appleton \u0026amp; Co., 1871. Engraving of Richmond, n.d.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypescript (carbon copy) concerning Richmond Academy of Fine Arts. Printed card concerning Memorial Volume of Virginia Historical Portraiture, 1585-1830. Broadside, 1937, concerning exhibit of chapbooks and battledores at the Valentine Museum. Program, 1938, for Steuben Glass exhibit at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Program, 1939, of exhibit of watercolors by Edmund S. Campbell. Agreement (unexecuted carbon copy), 1918, between Manchester National Bank of Richmond and Bank of Commerce and Trusts. Photographs (printed) of Richmond buildings. Engravings of capitol building Richmond (London: Published 1831, I. T. Hinton \u0026amp; Simpkin and Marshall). Newspaper clipping, 1925, concerning Virginia House. Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell]. Filed in Mapcase. Advertising materials (cards, broadsides and blotters). 37 items. (One item, re: Dietz Publishing Company is filed in Mapcase).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Broadside, 1 April 1875, of First Baptist Church, Richmond. Invitation, 1859, to Monumental Church. Invitation, 1865, to St. Paul's Church. Bulletin, 23 November 1930, of Second Baptist Church. Letter, 1846, concerning schooner, Caroline. Broadside (copies) concerning \"Civic Association\" and \"Committee on Charter Changes.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 29 January 1882 J. A. Cantrell, [?] to Carrie Irwin, Grace Chapel. Impending visit of [?] Doggett and [?] Saunders. 1 p. ALS. 4 November 1890 Milton F. Paddock, Rector, St. Andrew's Church, Philadelphia, Pa., to Thomas Browder, Richmond, Va. Since Grace Church is to lose Dr. [?] Jackson, recommends Charles A. Rickseeker. 3 pp. ALS. 7 January 1895 Mary E. Warren [Richmond, Va.] to Dr. Jno. R. Wheat, [Richmond, Va.] Account of money spent fro Christmas decorations. 4 pp. ALS. 6 April 1895 Gynne A. Lyell, Richmond, Va., to President of the Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Expiration of terms of members of musical committee. 8 April 1895 Virginia M. Robinson, [Richmond, Va.], to President, Ladies' Aid Society, Grace Church [Richmond, Va.] Music committee. 3 pp. ALS. 5 March 1917 Robert A. Goodwin, Richmond, Va., to Vestry of Grace Church, Richmond, Va. Resignation as assistant minister. 1 p. ALS. January 1918 Memorial to Lucy Ambler Mason by Vestry of Grace Church. 2 pp. TD. 15 March 1918 Alms Boxes Report. 1 p. D. 5 March 1918 Report of Junior Auxiliary. 2 pp. D. 16 January 1919 L. U. McCabe, The Chancel Chapter, Grace Church, Richmond, Va., to Mrs. E. O. McCabe et al. Solicitation for contributing members. 1 p. TL. Verso bears agenda for a meeting. 1 p. D. 25 March 1919 Report of Grace Church Auxiliary of the Red Cross. Signed Mary A. Randolph. 5 pp. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Chancel Guild. By L. U. McCabe. 4 pp. on 1 leaf. DS. 28 March 1919 Report of Woman's Guild of Grace Episcopal Church. Lists donations to War Relief Fund, to Lucy Ambler Mason Leper Memorial Fund, to aid in Influenza Epidemic (soup and milk), to adopt French orphan, and given to Richmond charities. 3 pp. DS. 7 July 1919 William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Leaves town for a prolonged stay. 1 p. ALS. Encloses letter, 3 July 1919, of William H. Palmer, Richmond, Va., to Vestry, Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, Richmond, Va. Resigning as vestryman. 1 p. ALS. 4 August 1919 William H. Palmer, Blacksburg, Va., to Austin Brockenbrough, Richmond, Va. Prevented by ill-health from attending vestry meetings and unable to attend duties as senior warden. 1 p. ALS. 5 January 1920; 8 March 1920 Minutes of vestry meetings. 4 pp. D. undated Report of Junior Auxiliary, signed by Maude Cooke, treasurer. 1 p. DS. undated Report of Chancel Chapter. Signed Lily Urquhart McCabe. 4 pp. ADS. undated Report of Primary Department, Grace Church Sunday School. 1 p. TD. undated Report of Grace Church Chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Paul. Signed by Stuart Cooke. 2pp. DS.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganizations Letters, 1883, concerning Amateur Dramatic Club. Reports, 1856-1857, of board of directresses of Female Humane Association. Invitation, 1847, of Home Club [to meet at home of Joseph R. Anderson]. Four letters, 1853-1854, to Richmond Athenaeum (from Philip Slaughter, James F. Field, and J. Wood Johns). Announcement, 1884, of meeting of Richmond Microscopic Society. Broadside, 1931, concerning Virginia Historical Society. Two letters, 1911, of Grace M. Dodge re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of A. Beirne Blair re: YMCA. Letter, 1911, of L. S. Joffe re: YMCA. Program, 1903, of Academy of Music. Program, 3 February 1930, The Artists Series of Concerts (Boston Symphony Orchestra). Legal Petition, ca. 1887, of A. A. Branch, executrix of her husband Thomas Branch's estate to award his daughter her annuity in one lump sum. Deed, 1858, of confirmation between Francis J. Brand, Willie Graseser, and Mary Selle and Charles Selle for a lot in Richmond [Brand was trustee for Mary Selle]. Deed, 1880, of confirmation by Joseph Francis Beyer to Glaser. Deed, 1907, between Isaac Digges and Benj. Barret for Isaac Digges interest in Va. Corporation Digest. Memorandum, 1823, re: John Van Lew \u0026amp; Co. Petition, 1869, of James Duke for a re-hearing in case of John Van Lew v. Duke. Account, 1836, re: selling of Swan Tavern. Third person letter re: lot on 12th St. Judgement, 1833, in Crump vs. Wren administrator, etc. Judgement, 1833, in Cotton \u0026amp; Clark. Notice, 1870, of motion for injunction in Ruper v. Sedgewick. Order, 1807, to pay Peter Gordon for defense of Alexander Spotswood. Deed, 1807, from Samuel McCraw and Geo. Fisher, trustees and Margretta West to Samuel Myers for Quesnay's Academy ground. Lease, 1861, from Spiro Zetila to Alfred Paul. Negative photocopy of letter, 1784, of Turner [?] to Clerk of Henrico re: lots in Richmond. Notes, 1888, concerning correspondence concerning a house and lot in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdministrator, executor or guardian, 1856-1870. 46 items. Commissioner of revenue for the city of Richmond, 1856-1860. 3 items. Inspector of tobacco in the city of Richmond, 1871-1873. 3 items. Minister, 1861-1888. 18 items. Notary public for the city of Richmond, Hanover and Henrico counties, 1856-1893. 125 items. Sergeant of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Sheriff of the city of Richmond, 1856. 2 items. Treasurer of the city of Richmond, 1888. 1 item. Fragments of bonds. 2 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advertisements Advertisement, n.d., for a lecture by A. Edward Newton. Filed in Mapcase. Advertisement, 1939, Musicians Club of Richmond. Advertisement for lectures at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Advertisement for the Cavalcade of the Cavaliers Pageant. Advertisement for \"Strange Interlude\" by Eugene O'Neill at Lyric Theater. Advertisement, 1931, for Westinghouse Salutes Richmond. Posters Poster for San Carlo Opera at the Mosque. Filed in Mapcase. Poster, 18-19 May 1928, for Adventure Days in Richmond. Filed in Mapcase. Richard Adams Papers Accounts, 1785-1811, of Richard Adams [probably two men, one of whom died in 1800]. Bond, 1787, of Richard Adams (executor of Thomas B. Adams). Letter, 1792, to Richard Adams. Order, 1811, of Richard Adams. Bond, 1805, of Cyrus Griffin to Richard Adams. Order, 1810, of Cyrus Griffin. Bonds Fidelity bond, 1867, of Samuel C. Greenhow and William H. Haxall to administer estate. Fidelity bond, 1868, of John Johns, Jr., and Bradley T. Johnson. Bond, 1802, of John Mayo with Edward Carrington, trustee for Elizabeth Anne Mayo. Bond, 1854, of J. B. Morton, Hugh W. Fry, Arthur A. Morson, and John M. Patton with Richmond and York River Railroad. Bond, 1816, of Richard E. Parker and William Foushee, Sr, with trustees of Richmond Academy. Correspondence Letter, 1841, of George Jones to Committee of the Marshall Theater Request, 1822, of L. W. Dandridge, J. E. Dandridge, and James Rawlings, attorney for Rob. F. Dandridge, trustee for S. A. Williams. Correspondence, 1912, of Ordway Puller to Samuel B. Dunstan and statement of Dunstan re: sale of property. Programs Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (Johann Strauss). Program, 1930, of Adventure Days. Program, n.d., of Academy of Music (\"The Newly-Weds and their Baby.\") Program, 1905, of \"Magda\" at Lyric Theatre. Program, 1929, \"Marco Millions\" and other plays. Photographic images of Richmond Schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents History of Richmond's Social Service Societies of the 19th and 20th Centuries by Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fun handwritten cover by J. Luther Kibler when radio addresses acquired. Copies of typed radio addresses, Numbers 1-11 and 17 to 56, given by Elwood Street from 1942 to 1948. Includes correspondence between Elwood Street, Director of the Richmond Community Fund, and J. Luther Kibler about Mr. Street's articles in Virginia's county courthouses. Business card for \"Moore \u0026amp; Scott, Commission Merchants\" located at Nos. 1316 and 1318 Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Numbers 1 - 31 of the radio addresses entitled \"Richmond's Home Fires\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1942 and 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Numbers 23 - 56 of the radio addresses entitled \"War and Community\" given at radio station WMBG by Elwood Street, Director, the Richmond Community Council and the Richmond Community Fund. 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Brochures \"A Tour of Historic Richmond\" arranged for the convenience of guests in Richmond by Hotel John Marshall.  1940. \"Picturesque Richmond, Richmond, VA and her Suburbs\", published by the J.L. Hill Printing Company.  1891. \"Footpaths in Historic Richmond.\"  1944. Cardboard placard, \"This Virginia State Flag,\" about a flag made at No. 1 West Franklin Street in the winter of 1864-1865 by Sallie Radford Munford.  Placed by the Richmond Chaper, United Daughters of the  Confederacy.  1941. Buildings and Scenes Small pamphlet on the Virginia House in Winsor Farms. Copies of engravings of scenes in Richmond by Margeret Dasheill, Episcopal Home in Richmond, Virginia.  1940. Note card of St. John's Church.  undated. Copy of a woodcut of the Virginia Capitol Building by Frieda Koontz.  1939. Account of stewardship at the Craig House.  1937. Newspaper article on the Old Mud House in Powhatan County.  undated. Businesses and Advertisements Blank checks from Office of the Greenwood Mining Company on the Farmer's Bank of Virginia in 1800's, Citizen's Bank of Richmond in the 1880's, Mechanics' Bank in New York in the 1830's and George D. Mayo on the First National Bank in Richmond, Virginia in 1910. Writing paper from Murphy's Hotel (3 sheets) and an advertisement or paper covering for \"Dove's Comp. Fluid\" by S.E. Dove of Richmond, Virginia.  undated. Broadside for a sideshow presented by George J. Johnson and Son, Richmond.  Acts are Gazzell, Mermaid and the Sea and Punch and Judy.  undated. Brochure advertising the sale of \"Richmond, Capital of Virginia (Approaches to its History) by Various Hands\" published by Whittet and Shepperson.  1937. Gary's Autographic Tablet advertisement, manufactured and sold by A.J. Gary, Richmond, Virginia.  undated. \"Catalogue of Mme. Demorest's reliable Patterns of the Fashion.\"  1875. \"Richmond Produce Price Current\"  of  W.D. Tompkins and Bro., General Commission Merchants.  June 18, 1868. Advertisement for the sale of books by Richmond Authors in Historic Linden Row.  Linden Corner Book Sellers.  1953. Advertisement for William C. West, Architect and Superintendent.  1892. WRVA Brochures on their daily radio programs.  May 1947 – March 1951.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Museums and Historical Societies Pamphlet and cards from the Valentine Museum. 4 items. Ca 1940's. Invitations and other material from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Ca 1940's. Papers General Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking people and businesses in Richmond for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly. February 29, 1924. Subscription to \"Hillyer's American Railroad Magazine\" from a subscriber in Richmond, Virginia. March 1, 1859. Legal Receipt from Thomas W. Doswell, Sheriff of Richmond. James L. and J.W. Richardson are mentioned. 1856. Religion Baptism certificate for Mary Latham Willis in the Broad Street Station in Richmond, Virginia by a member of the Virginia Conf. , M.E. Church, South. 1874. Card about \"A Popular Lecture by Rev. J.J. Lafferty\" at the Clay-Street Methodist Church. September 13. Back cover of a book from the Clay Street Sunday School Library. Social Miller and Rhoads announcement for a \"Book and Author Dinner.\" undated. Richmond Lodge, No. 10, request, \"Brother, You are requested to attend your Brethren at their Lodge Room, on Tuesday evening next, at 7 o'clock. By order of the Master. John Fox, Sec'y. Richmond, September 7, 1799. Memorial Bazaar flyer for bazaar to raise money for the Confederate Museum and monument. April 11, 1893. Invitation letter from the Junior League of Richmond for a Book and Author Dinner. March 26, 1948. Brochures from concerts and plays: \"A Streetcar named Desire,\" 1950; \"Carousel\"by the Astra Company of Richmond, undated; \"Annie Get Your Gun with Mary Martin,\" undated; \"The Howards of Virginia\", undated; newspaper review of La Argentina, undated; Boston Symphony Orchestra in 193 and T. Michaux Moody productions, \"Conchita Supervia\" in 1932, \"The Bluebird\" newspaper review and a brochure, \"Lawrence Tibbett\" in 1931. Proclamation by the Mayor of Richmond, J. Fulmer Bright, about the creation of \"The Virginia Capital Bicentennial Commission\" and proclaiming a Home-Coming Fortnight to be held September 12th, 1937. 2 copies. Brochure for \"Adventure Days\" conducted by Inter-Club Council. 1930. Brochure for \"Cavalcade of the Cavaliers\" at the Hotel John Marshall. September 13 to 25.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Assembly of Virginia Resolution thanking certain people and businesses for their courtesies during the 1924 General Assembly.  February 29, 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Three programs for the Richmond Theatre, undated, but probably the late 19th century. 1881 price list for John Laird's Green-houses, located at Grace and Broad, between Henry and Smith Streets. Also called Grace Street Gardens. Front cover of \"Catalogue of the Southern Female Institute\" in Richmond, Virginia for Session 1866-1867. D. Lee Powell, A.M., was the principal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Removed from Folder 2 Advertisement poster re: Virginia House [in Windsor Farms, owned by Va. Historical Society. Was home of Ambasador Weddell] Certificate of Master Craftsman for August A. Dietz, Jr. Removed from Folder 6 Poster for E. Edward Newton Lecture Handwritten San Carlo Opera poster \"Adventure Days in Richmond, Va\" poster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed given by George D. White and wife, 12 March 1895, conveying certain lots in the city of Roanoke to Mrs. E. C. Barksdale. 1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advertising card for \"Miss Millie Booz\" a \"fashionable Milliner and Mantuajaker.\" Found in 1830 Staunton Spectator. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContract with Isaac Sheetz to build the Strasburg Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note regarding the burning of Suffolk in 1779. 1 item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochure on Washington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents An artificial grouping of papers, 1632-1973, relating to Williamsburg, Va. Includes maps, articles, drawings, letters, material concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, papers concerning the Black population, photographs of buildings, church bulletins, papers concerning civic organizations, deeds, leases, tax receipts, advertisements, papers concerning education and items relating to Colonial National Historical Park. The materials that comprise this collection were donated in batches to W\u0026amp;M Special Collections Research Center by John D. Haskell, Jr., John Lawrence, Brian Blouet, Parke Rouse, and Staunton Aylor between the years of 1993 and 2001. Some materials in this collection were purchased by W\u0026amp;M Special Collections Research Center. Related material: Material given by the Williamsburg Historic Records Association has been accessioned and filed individually. Enter \"Williamsburg Historic Records Association\" as \"Creator\" to see these accessions. Mss. 79 Sw4 Earl Gregg Swem Papers, 2008.364 addition: this group may originally have been part of folders 4 and 7 of the Williamsburg Papers. Mss. 1.09 Williamsburg (Va.) Ephemera Collection, 1892-[ongoing] Mss. 91 B38 Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, 1662-[ongoing] Mss. Acc. 1991.43 Williamsburg, Yorktown, and Jamestown (Va.) Photographs, circa 1890-1930 Some newspaper runs were removed from this collection and added the newspaper collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town (in chronological order). Includes transcripts from printed sources.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePencil sketch of the view of Williamsburg from the south (about 1860) by Mary Wall Christian from original by J. A. Graham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWatercolor view of Williamsburg from the south by Emily Sneed from original by J. A. Graham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Blueprints of maps of Williamsburg. \"Palisades 1632-83\" (Colonial Williamsburg Research and Development Office, 1 November 1933). \"Maps showing location of Palisades 1632-83 in relation to Bland's Survey of 1699 and the layout of the City of Williamsburg\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., February 1949). \"Map showing approximate location of the 17th century horse path which went through Williamsburg prior to 1699 when this are was known as Middle Plantation\" (Colonial Williamsburg Architectural Dept., 3 October 1942).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of Earl Dunmore's letter - a historical and general view of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of letters to George Washington concerning defense of Williamsburg from Charles Lee, 1776.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of arms removed from Governor's Palace on 24 June 1775, by American colonists after Lord Dunmore's escape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Various articles from \"The Virginia Argus\" in early 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, dated 15 October 1881, with an article and illustrations of Williamsburg at that time period.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrdinances of the City of Williamsburg in effect 1 October 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Geographic articles about Colonial Williamsburg dated 1954 and 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral programs from services commemorating I-Day and victory of WWII.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet entitled Facts about Williamsburg and vicinity, dated 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet entitled Richmond to Jamestown via America's most historic river, dated 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Journal of American History, 1919, includes several photographs of Colonial Williamsburg and the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Filed in Locked Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePen and ink sketch, photgraphic copies and correspondence with Earl Gregg Swem concerning the seal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotostatic copy of ten pages from Cornwallis' orderly book when he was in Williamsburg in 1781. A note concerning Pennsylvania officers near Williamsburg in the summer of 1781. A sketch of Patrick Henry addressing the Virginia Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Papers relating to the Civil War. See also, addition Mss. Acc. 1995.39. Diary: 1861 Photographic copy of a diary and memorandum book of Samuel E. Holt, surgeon in the Confederate Army, stationed at Williamsburg and Yorktown, 3 September - 23 October 1861. (The original is in the possession of Mrs. Eva Rosseau, Williamsburg, Va.) Typescripts of letters: 1862 Typescripts of letter of Gen. Philip Kearny to his wife, 7 May 1862, and 15 May 1862. (Originals in the Library of Congress.) Letter: 4 October 1862 Robert F. Cole, Williamsburg, Va., to [?], certifying that his iron grey mare was taken from him by order of Lt. Col. Smith. Letter: 7 October 1862 Major J. P. Wilson, Head Quarters 5th Penna. Cavalry, to Captain G. C. Johnston, A.A.G., Yorktown, Va. stating when he will make a report of all the horses taken from citizens of Williamsburg. Letter: November 19, 1862. Mrs. M.N. Munford, Williamsburg, to Gen. [Henry A.] Naglee requesting his aid against thefts by runaway negroes and soldiers, especially the use of a government wagon to haul fuel and his assistance, in obtaining medicine for herself. Letter: 16 May 1865 Sallie Munford, at Tazewell Hall, to Lizzie Ewell, describing conditions in Williamsburg. Letter: 8 April 1866 Robert M. West at North East P.O., Cecil County, Maryland, to Benjamin S. Ewell concerning the theft of valuables from the home of Miss Gabriella Galt and destruction at the College of William and Mary by Union troops. Engraving: Engraving of the \"Battle of Williamsburg\" from the original painting by Chappel in the possession of the publishers (Johnson, Fry \u0026amp; Co., Publishers, N.Y.) Correspondence and notes of Dr. Earl G. Swem about the Battle of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 1862 articles concerning the Battle of Williamsburg, 5 May 1862: New York Daily Tribune, 8 May 1862; New York Daily Tribune,10 May 1862, Pages 7-8; New York Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 1-2; New York Daily Tribune, 13 May 1862, Pages 11-12; New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 3-4 and New York Daily Tribune, 12 May 1862, Pages 5-6. Brochure: \"Williamsburg in the Civil War\" published by the Williamsburg Civil War Committee. Photographs of drawings of Williamsburg and Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-Works, 6 May 1862. Description of the Battle of Williamsburg, Comte De Paris. Article on Fall of Fort Magruder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Peninsula Guide, 1936; The Cradle of the Republic - Williamsburg, Jamestown, \u0026amp; Yorktown, 1924; The Cradle of the Nation, 1931 and a brochure, \"When Washington's Sweetheart Fainted.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated, June 1939-November 1941 Antiques Forum with an index of people, places, things, events and more. undated. Correspondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1928 and December 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from January - March, 1930.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from April - June, 1930.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin from July - December 1930.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between November 1931 and December 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Earl Gregg Swem and Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin between January 1933 and July 1935.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinutes of the Advisory Committee of Historians of Colonial Williamsburg, Incorporated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCirculars, 1930-1939. Exhibition of American Folk Art bulletin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents September 1866 John Anderson, Claremont [?] to J. H. Crump, n.p. Asks him to reserve half his wages until 12 June 1868 V. C. Armstrong, Fort Monroe, Va., to Rev. A. Dunlop. Notification that repairs will be made to the church of which he is the pastor. 1 p. ALS. 26 May 1869 Appointment as Registering Officer for 3rd Registration Precinct for Alexander Dunlop. Signed by Edward [Richard Sprigg] Canby. 1 p. DS. 24 March 1874 Inventory of personal property of W. W. Cumber. Taken by Frank Smith, Norton Moses Weaver, \u0026amp; Samuel Smith. Appraised by County of York. 2 pp. D. undated Receipt for rent of school house to the Trustees of Public School No. 3 (A. Dunlop and F. S. Norton). 1 p. DS. debt to Alexander Dunlop [Williamsburg, Va.] is paid. 1 p. ALS. Obituary of Dr. James Blaine Blayton, Sr., a physician in Williamsburg, Virginia. December 18, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList to be sold by Dixon \u0026amp; Hunter, 11 February 1775 Dietz Press Listing\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and descriptive material of buildings: Michel's drawing of Williamsburg buildings. 2 copies. Prints of buildings. Audrey House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapitol Court House (Old) Eastern Lunatic Asylum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGovernor's Palace\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKerr-Vest Kitchen Market Square Tavern Masonic Hall Methodist Episcopal Church Powder Magazine Providence Hall\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData on the Public Prison compiled from original sources for The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities by Elizabeth Schmucker Stubbs, 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRaleigh Tavern Tazewell Hall Theater Travis House Tucker House Tyler House Benjamin Waller House Williamsburg Inn (Old) Williamsburg Inn (New) Wythe House Unidentified Buildings Williamsburg Property  Scrapbook of photographs of Williamsburg houses taken about 1921. Mounted photographs of Williamsburg houses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertising sheets, brochures, cards, and newspaper accounts of banks and business houses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgress report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAuction advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory catalog, 1991 (first catalog).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eControversy concerning sermon by the Rev. Cotesworth P. Lewis, 12 November 1967, before President Lyndon B. Johnson. Includes copy of sermon, newspaper clippings, statements from the Congressional Record. History of Bruton Parish Church. Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 13).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrgan recital programs, 1939-1941. One poster, 1943, filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 14). Weekley bulletins, 1928-1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklets, 1947 \u0026amp; 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster, 1951. Announcements, 1944-1946. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg. (folder 15a).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1936-1938 \u0026amp; 1942\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1943-1948\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1949-1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncements, brochures, bulletins, 1949. Brochure, Methodist Sites in Historic Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEpworth League program.  Winter 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Pamphlet for \"A Call to Prayer\" on the wsorld Day of Prayer sponsored by the United Council of Church Women. March 4, 1949. \"Bicentennial of Worship\" article from the Daily Press about the First Baptist Church formed by African Americans. 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civic Association Correspondence. Cleaning up. n.d. Community Center, 1954. Community Christmas Events. Community Counvil. Community Fund, 1953. Community Sings. County Council of Women's Clubs. Youth Welfare Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of University Women. Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Colonial Capitol Branch: List of members, 1916. Notice, 1939. Business Men's Association, 1901. Chautauqua Association. Exchange Club flyers. (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 17). Garden Club: Garden Week. Newspaper articles, 1973. Programs, 1935-1936. Brochures, 1950-1956. Yearbook, 1941-1942. Garden Symposium.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLion's Club. Officers' Wives Club. Pulaski Club: Two letter heads and one newspaper clipping. Red Cross: One membership card, 1929. Soroptimist Club. Swimming Club. Tidewater Guidance Clinic. United Service Organizaitons Club. United World Federalists. Virginia Federation Home Demonstration Club. Williamsburg Film Study Group. Williamsburg Junior Chamber of Commerce. Williamsburg Regional Library Association. Young Women's Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of University Women: Program and ballot, 1930. Hampton Roads Chemists' Club: Circular, 1931. National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Poetry Society: Programs, 1928-1936. Society of American Archivists. Southeastern Regional Conference of Law Teachers. Virginia Society, Sons of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of John Dameron with Secretary Thomas Nelson, with account of certificate recorded by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Castleton Harper and John Curd in account with Secretary Thomas Nelson, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1749 Account of Colonel Joshua Fry with Secretary Nelson. Signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, April 1768 Account of Samuel Havistone, 1766, with the auditors with statement of account by Robert Prentis, Williamsburg. 1 p. DS. Account of Williamsburg Resident, 1768 Account of John \u0026amp; Gerry Smith with Secretary Thomas Nelson with account of recording certificate for probating Smith's bill, signed by Benjamin Waller. 1 p. DS. Bassett, William, 1717 Indenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883 Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . (filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Photostatic copy of indenture, 1 February 1823, between Thomas Nelson, Jr., George Washington Nelson, William Meade, and Thomasia (Nelson) Meade, his wife, and Dr. Alexander Galt for the purchase of a house and lot by Dr. Galt. 2 pp. Cy of DS. John T. James, 1859 Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. (Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 19). Receipt of Samuel R. Mouzon for his share of the estate of William Nelson of Williamsburg, $218.64 1/2. 1 p. DS. Tyler [ ], 1812 Typed copy of an advertisement by in the Richmond Enquirer, 2 October 1812, offering for rent a dwelling in Williamsburg, recently occupied by Chancellor Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeterel, Francis: Policies and premium receipts. 1807-1925 Waters, Sarah: Policies and premium receipts. 1796-1799 Webb, Walter W.: Receipt for premium. 1825.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWedding Announcement, 1939\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed given by the trustees on the city of Williamsburg to John Custis conveying three lots in the city. Signed by John Clayton and William Robertson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndenture given by trustees of the city of Williamsburg to William Bassett of New Kent County conveying six lots in the city. 14 October 1717. 2 pp. DS including photostatic copies of indenture. Berkeley (?), 1883\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnderson, Robert A contract for purchase of corn and fodder from John T. Marston. 1835. Cocke, Doctor Doctor Cocke of old Williamsburg. A printed article. Reprinted form the Medical Times, October 1936. Fresheau [Freneau], Peter Peter Fresheau [Freneau], Williamsburg, Virginia, to Mrs. Maryanne Scott, New York, 25 April 1749. Order to pay Charles Stewart the sum of five pounds sterling. Hundley, Jack \"They've sold the town.\" poem. 1929. Hunter, William Typed memoranda concerning William Hunter. Johnson, James James Johnson vs. Henry Wilson. Suit. 1842. Parks, Eleanor Typed copy of renunciation of benefit from will of William Parks. 1750. Parks, William Typed copy of will. 1750. Correspondence concerning a memorial to William Parks. 1922. Pelham, Ann Creese Silhouette of Ann Creese Pelham, wife of Peter Pelham. Richard, Milly Vicksburg, Miss., to Captain Thomas Russell, n.p., Va. 8 July 1868. A former slave who belonged to Scervant Jones inquires about her relations. She was Milly Armstrong. 2 pp. ALS. Rind, William Copy of inventory and appraisement of the estate of William Rind. 1773. Scott, Robert G. Typed copy of an advertisement of Robert G. Scott, attorney. In the Richmond Enquirer, 27 October 1812. Smith, Sydney Williamsburg, Va., to Henry Smith, 1/2 Way House, York Co., Va., 23 February 1854. Discusses local grassroots politics and his intention to run for Commonwealths attorney. 3 pp. ALS. Taliaferro, Charles Typescript about portrait. Warwick, Eliza Typed copies of correspondence of Eliza Warwick of Williamsburg, Va., 1801-1803. Originals in the Valentine Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAffidavits denying that demonstrations were made against the United States by Williamsburg militia.  1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnouncements, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advertisements and other written material for moving pictures. Poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" is filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 29).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarland of Spring Carols.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceipt for the subscription to the Virginia Gazette., 1930 Outline of W. J. Johnston as editor of the Virginia Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms and posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet of paper made by the Williamsburg Restoration illustrating the water mark of William Parks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarter Theater and Children's Theater Programs, announcements. Little Theater League., 1929-1938 Programs, announcements, and posters. Other Organizations, 1785, 1925-1930 Notes, programs, circulars, and posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddresses and cards.  1875, 1924, 1931, 1948\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication program, 12 May 1962.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Evening Press. Catalog of type specimens. The Williamsburg Bulletin (1945), Gardiners Virginia Gazette (1942) and The Evening Press (July 1942).  All of the above were edited and printed by Joseph Rowe Gardiner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Souvenir booklet of the Williamsburg Pre-Restoration Old-Timers reunion, November 1-2, 1980 (Samuel \"Billy\" D. Royall, printer).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy. Letters of application and recommendation for teaching position in the proposed male and female schools, 1849. Williamsburg Female Academy and Williamsburg Male Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotostats, 1811 Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia to Carter Berkeley, pertaining to schools in Williamsburg, 1811. Filed in Box 19, Folder 5, Williamsburg (folder 32). Advertisement, 1805 A newspaper advertisement concerning Mr. Anderson's school for young ladies. Photostatic copy. April 30, 1805, Richmond Enquirer. Letter, 1820 A letter from Margaret Page, at Williamsburg, to John Page, at Union Town, Monroe County, Virginia, 19 January 1820, mentioning the opening of Mr. Morse's school for young ladies. (See Page-Saunders Papers, Folder 1). Letter, 1849 William Hodges, Washington, D.C., to Robert McCandlish, Williamsburg, Va., concerning the rental of his house for the Female School. 10 June 1849. 2 pp. ALS Williamsburg Female Academy, 1849-1852, 1862 A circular letter from Hubert P. LeFebvre, at Richmond, 21 August 1849. Catalog. 1851-1852. Typescript of a letter application from John K. Noel for a teaching position, noting his experience as principal of both the Williamsburg Female and Male Academies. 1862. Williamsburg Male Academy, 1855 Printed circular. 1855. Williamsburg Military School (Morressett \u0026amp; Peyton), 1852-1853 Letter, 1840 A letter from E.G. and M.R. Gatliff, at Williamsburg, to James Baytop, at Springfield, Gloucester Court House, 7 April 1840, concerning a girls' school. (See Gloucester County Papers, Folder 3). Bills, 1848, 1868 Bills for school supplies and tuition. 1848 and 1868. Copies. Book List A list of school books. Copy from a paper of Judge Frank Armistead of Williamsburg, Virginia. Female Seminary, 1880 See Armistead Papers, Folder 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Whaley, 1923-1931, 1943, 1945 Circulars and programs. 1923-1931. (new MW opened 15 September 1930, per The Powder Horn, October 1930). Dramatic Club bulletins and poster. Graduation invitation, 1945. Programs, 1943. Program for the George Washington Bicentennial, 1932. The Powder Horn, the school newspaper, March 1928, October - December 1930. Bruton Heights School Commencement invitation, concert program. Miscellaneous Rawls Byrd, History of the Public Schools in Williamsburg. Facts on Public Schools brochures, 1972-1973. 1984. \"Pride in the Past,\" American Education Week, November 11-17. From the Virginia Gazette. Teachers' Guides \"Eighteenth Century Life in Williamsburg, Virginia.\" \"The War and Elementary School Instruction in American Colonial Life.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of paid Capitation Taxes for 1946, 1947 and 1948 on or before May 7, 1949 and for 1947, 1948 and 1949 on or before December 12, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"A Bibliography on the Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg\" by Elsie Alderson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Flyers, pamphlets and more on the Colonial National Monument, \"A Brief History of and Guide Book to Jamestown, Williamsburg and Yorktown\" by Rutherfoord Goodwin (signed by the author), \"A Historic Old Virginia Pilgrimage\" brochure for taking a cruise to the Williamsburg area on April 29 - May 1, 1930 and brochures and reprints about Williamsburg, Jamestown and Yorktown. Tourist hardback book, \"Historic Peninsula of Virginia,\" distributed by Stone and Webster, Inc. in 1928. Photostatic copy of newspaper account of Jamestown Day, May 13. Year unknown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Proposed Zoning Ordinance for the City of Williamsburg, 1945. Zoning Ordinance Adopted 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Oversized items removed from Mss. 39.4 V82ci Williamsburg Papers. Organized by the folder from which they were removed. Folder 3: Williamsburg Charter. 2 copies, including a 1722 Contemporary copy. Folder 13: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster \"Art Exhibit...by Mrs. T. Bonne-Millar...at Bruton Parish House. 1944. Folder 14: Churches - Bruton Parish - Poster for \"Lecture Recital at Bruton Parish Church...Dr. David McK. Williams.\" 1943. Folder 15a: Churches - Christian Science Monitor, 1951 poster for a lecture by Claire Rauthe and 1944-45 free lecture announcements. Folder 17: Clubs and Organizations - The Exchange Club flyers, 1949-1954. Folder 19: Photostatic copies of three letters from Frank to \"Berry\" and \"Monie\", 1883 and n.d. from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia Library. Custis, John, 1714 . Flyer, 28 July 1859, advertising sale of farm three miles from Williamsburg. 1 p. PM. Mouzon, Samuel R., 9 January 1824 Advertised by John T. James. Folder 29: Moving Pictures - Large poster for \"The Baker's Wife\" to be held at the Williamsburg Theater. undated. Folder 32: Schools - Private Schools - Photostats from the Berkeley Papers, University of Virginia, to Carter Berkeley pertaining to schools in Williamsburg. 1811\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written by W. Fred Andrews of Gahanna, Ohio to Parke Rouse, Jr. reminiscing about his days as a student at the College of William and Mary. 3 pp. June 22, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eALS of C.P. Armistead, Williamsburg to the Hon. R. Taylor Scott, Richmond, Virginia, dated 27 May 1893 regarding his brother running for office, probably the Electoral Board of James City County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of newsclippings, journal articles, and Bruton Parish Bulletins about the 1991 dig by New Agers to search for evidence in the Bruton Parish Churchyard, Williamsburg, Virginia, to support the controversial claim that Sir Francis Bacon wrote Shakespeare's plays plus a formula for establishing world peace. August 20, 1992 photographs of Bruton Parish Churchyard digs with Marley Brown, archaelogist of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. One photograph shows the Middleton Vault.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Handwritten letter from Samuel Putnam, Union soldier and Orderly in the 25th Massachusetts Volunteers while at Camp West near Williamsburg to his father. Putnam writes about the occupation of Williamsburg by Union soldiers, the destruction of the College of William and Mary, the \"insane asylum\" and his theft from a Williamsburg home of several letters by Thomas Jefferson, several letters by \"revolutionary maidens\" and one letter by Richard H. Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper of March 10, 1887, entitled \"Virginia a day in a historic town--views of old Williamsburg.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Fragment of a receipt signed by Abram. Loc[ke]tt and \"Wmsburg Dist\" noted on the bottom of the page. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned Williamsburg Tricentennial poster, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten letter from O. F. Helner of the 33rd regiment, at a camp near Williamsburg to Mr. Abbott. He writes about the Battle of Williamsburg and a visit by General McClellan to the camp. May 1862. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Playbills, 1891-1896 and undated, from plays staged at Cameron Hall at Eastern State Hospital with actors and actresses from the College of William and Mary and the local community. Some programs list \"The Virginia Comedians\" as the producer. Playbills, 1910 and 1916, from plays staged at the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Union soldier's letter, \"John\" to his sweetheart \"Mary,\" 12 May (1862), regarding the occupation of Williamsburg by the North. Mention of Northern dead in Williamsburg after the battle and burying soldiers. Excerpt, \"...there are some very pretty girls here but I noticed that some of them were [wear] the rebel flag on their bosom.\" Stereoscopic card, \"War Views, View of Court House and Church, Hospital of the 2nd Corps, Yorktown, Va.\" No. 2374, published by E. \u0026amp; H.T. Anthony \u0026amp; Co. Negative by Brady \u0026amp; Co., Washington. Someone has crossed out \"Yorktown\" and written \"Williamsburg.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour pamphlets: Catalogue of the Williamsburg Female Academy, 1851-1852; two copies of the catalogue of the Williamsburg Military School, Richmond, 1853; prospectus and catalogue of the Williamsburg Male Academy, 1852-1853.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadside dated December 14th, [1941], announcing a Citizen's Mass Meeting...at the Williamsburg Theatre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Photostat copies of newspaper articles about the Battle of Williamsburg from the New York Daily Tribune, May 10, 12 and 13, 1862, photostat copies of a map of the \"Lower Peninsula,\"  and \"Battle of Williamsburg\" and both a negative and a positive photocopies entitled \"Charge of Hancock's Brigade at Williamsburgh,\" \"Fort Magruder and Other Confederate Earth-works in front of Williamsburg from sketches made May 6, 1862,\" \"Williamsburg, Va.\"  These prints have notes on them and might be partial proofs for a publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree photographs of the Dedication of Ft. Magruder, May 5, 1952 by Von Dubell Studio.    Publication of a letter by The Business Men's Association of the City of Williamsburg about \"taking early steps for the proper  celebration at Jamestown of the Tercentennial Anniversary...did on the September 7, 1900, in the name of the citizens of Williamsburg, pass resolutions for the appointment of a committee...\"  On inside of pamphlet, resolutions are listed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eG.W. Thorpe Plat, surveyed March 1916; Pine Grest Subdivision blue print plat, owned and developed by Ernest G. Vaughan and sold to Carrie V. Williams, surveyed November/December 1939; Capitol Heights property blueprint plat of Frank G. Linekin, June 26, 1930; W.L. Jones blueprint plat,May 1926; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, August 10, 1939; Bozarth Court blueprint plat, December 10, 1920; Powhatan Park blueprint plat, property of York Land Corporation, April 1916; blueprint plat of property conveyed by Celia Maxton to others,land between route 60 and the railroad, September 7, 1952; and plat of property of H.D. Bozarth between Clay and Harrison Streets, June 19, 1925.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePosters for performances at the Matthew Whaley Auditorium in 1936, poster for \"Middle Plantation Art \u0026amp; Handcraft Exhibition\" at Casey's Annex (undated), poster for exhibit of \"Walt Disney's Original Paintings used in Snow White\" at the Bruton Parish House (undated), Williamsburg Tricentennial Poster, Colonial Williamsburg concert posters, Williamsburg Theatre posters (undated, possibly 1930's), and other posters for entertainment at Williamsburg High School and the Presbyterian Church (undated, possibly 1930's).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo aerial photographs of South Henry Street area of Williamsburg, Virginia. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of a print \"Loudon-street, Winchester.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Many of these papers appear to be from the Clerk of Court office in Winchester, Virginia. Clerk of Court signatures include John Peyton, Clerk of Hustings, Winchester, Virginia and Algernon R. Wood. Organized in date order. Account for Nicholas Scheren to David Michael Rutter. May 1786 Payment from Dr. Robert Colvin to Philip Bush. October 12, 1786 Accounts for Robert Sherrard to James Murry. 1787 Payment from Robert Sherrard to John Hamilton for waggonage from Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] to Winchester, Virginia. 1787 Document about refund of payment made by Tejamus ? Dowdall to Robert Colvin, who opened a school. April 12, 1787 Court summons for Josiah Jackson and Zebediah Hollingsworth for James Murray in case with Robert Sherrard, Defendant. August 9, 1787 Indenture. James and Eleanor Wood of Davidson, North Carolina and David Dedderick, for Lot 9 on West side of Loudon (Loudoun) Street in Borough of Winchester. September 22, 1789 Marriage Bond between Enos Roberts and Mary Kendrick. January 13, 1790 Marriage bond of Conrad House and Susannah Shusher. December 27, 1790 Bond for James Walls as executor of last Will and Testament of John Wynn. June 30, 1794 Charter between Shreve Lawson of Baltimore, Maryland and James Moseley, Merchant on freight on the ship Alexandria. July 4, 1796 Marriage license between James A. Nelson and Polly M. Donald. April 26, 1802 Manumission papers from Peter Lauck to Peter Bisick. March 14, 1806 Affidavit. Josiah Massy took oath of Lieutenant in 31st Regiment, 16th Brigade. Signed by A. (B.) Miller. May 2, 1812. Register of sale of Louisa Robinson (wife of Jonathan Robinson) to Doctor Daniel Conrad. August 3, 1818. Act \"to amend the Act incorporating the Town of Winchester.\" Complete handwritten text of the act as presented to the General Assembly in Richmond, Virginia. Copied by William Munford, Keeper of the Rolls. Document bound with string. Dated December 12, 1818 and passed January 9, 1819 Inquest. \"Inquisition on the body of Robert Cockerton (?) who died at the house of Elizabeth Pendleton, Innkeeper. November 1, 1820 Contract/letter of attorney between John Holland of Gosney Manor of Shenandoah County, Virginia, woolan manufacturer, and George Hadfield of Old Hall, County of Chester, in England to Hugh Shaw. June 8, 1827 Manumission papers where Margaret Galloway emancipates negro woman, Maria, wife of William Tuckrin, a free negro. October 17, 1827 Manumission papers or Certification of Freedom for Negro Lucy under the will of Alexander White of Woodville. June 13, 1832 Certificate of Freedom, or Manumission papers, signed by Phebe Coubourn that she raised Nancy Sabro, a \"dark Muluto\" who was born of free parents. September 21, 1835 Notice to Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester for summons of Jonathan Cox, Davy Johnson, Thomas Pollard, James Pollard, Richard Strange, Lewis Smith, David Washington and Rose Williams for \"remaining within this corporation and Commonwealth more than 12 months of their right to freedom…\" May 5, 1846 Bill of sale to William H. Brown from George R. Long for sale of negro man, Abraham Washington. August 24, 1846 Court Case. Algernon R. Wood, prosecutor for Commonwealth of Virginia, against James Pollard, a free negro or mulatto who remained in Virginia after he was freed. October 3, 1846 Court summons for Sally Field for remaining in Winchester after being freed. June 23, 1848 Mary, negro slave of Joseph Baker, charged with trying to poison Nancy Lindsey with tea. June 1, 1849 Notarized statements of Amelia Ann Buck of Warren County, Virginia regarding copartnership with John R. Ricards, John N. Buck of Baltimore, Maryland and Thomas L. Blakemon of Warren County regarding hotel, Mountain House in Hampshire County, Virginia. John R. Buck sells his interest to his brother, William M. Buck. July 3, 1850 Letter from Baltimore, Maryland regarding his father's estate. Author unknown. February 20, 1851 Recording of last will and testament of Addison B. Riely in Baltimore, Maryland. Endorsed by Ann R. Riely. September 27, 1852 Certificate for R.B. Allen to sell wine at his store on Cameron Street.September 1, 1855 Court summons in case of Patrick Conner vs John H. Anderson, Conner's apprentice. October 8, 1856 Letter from John Quanten ? to Robert L. Brookings asking for servant woman Lucy who was part of the estate of Mrs. Emmets?. May 27, 1857 Indictment. John Howard, alias John Newman, a free negro, was accused of assault by Rachel Ann Holler, a white woman and jailed. Indictment against James W. Jones, the jailor, for allowing the prisoner to escape. March 17, 1860 Command to the Sergeant of the Corporation of Winchester to take \"…Maria Ball [Colored]…her safely keep…until May indictment … for remaining in the State of Virginia…without lawful permission. April 21, 1860 Notice to Sheriff of Berkeley County, Virginia to imprison Elizabeth Farrow if she is found in Berkeley County. She is charged with having a \"…house of ill fame for the purpose of prostitution and lewedness.\" April 17, 1861 Note from Clerk of Court in Winchester where he says he has been notified by a military order that he is no longer the Clerk. June 5, 1868 Court case with John Vilwig regarding two coffins. June 1886. Republican Ticket for Virginia. 1892. Letter from George S. Bowers of Laurell, Maryland, about \"Willie\" accepting Christ [in the Lutheran Church]. December 13, 1918 Instructions to lawyer or court about charges of larceny against a free negro. undated. Fragment. \"Twelve days have been expended in loading.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCircular for the Woodstock Male and Female Academy. July 21, 1866.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers, ca. 1824-1983, relating to Yorktown, Va. Includes articles concerning Yorktown; materials relating to the surrender of Cornwallis and to the celebrations [1824, 1881, 1930-1937 and 1981], documents concerning Yorktown National Military Park  [now Colonial National Historical Park] and the Navy Mine Depot [now Naval Weapons Station].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical and descriptive articles, maps, and general views of the town.  7 pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo facsimilies of the parole of Cornwallis. 2 pieces. Journal of the siege of York-Town...as recorded in the hand of Gaspard de Gallatin and translated by the French department of the College of William and Mary...Washington, United States Printing Office. 1931. 48 p. 24 cm. (71st Congress, 3rd Session. Senate. Document no. 322.) 1 piece. Un geste patriotique des Strasbourgeois au cours de la guerre d'Independence americaine. Printed. 1 piece. Ceux de Yorktown par Servan Malo, with English translation. 2 pieces. Memorandum on J.C. Louis, Baron von Closen. By Ruth E. Butler. 4 typed pages. 1 piece. Photographs showing restoration of French and American fortifications around Yorktown. About 1935. 3 pieces. Photographs of a painting of the siege of Yorktown. 3 copies. Also an enlargement. Map of the siege of Yorktown. 1 3/4 x 1 1/2 inches. 1 piece. An engraving of the surrender at Yorktown. 1 piece. List of Confederate Soldiers buried at Yorktown which includes Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Williamsburg. (Copy from the National Park Service. Original at the Yorktown Visitor Center).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted topographical map of the Colonial National monument, Yorktown Battlefield, Virginia. Made by the U.S. Geological Survey 1931. 30 1/4 x 29 1/4 inches. 1 piece. Three newspaper clippings concerning the siege of Yorktown. Other papers. 5 pieces. Walking stick made from the flag staff of the 80th British Regiment, Yorktown, 1781. Returned to donor (Nellie Deans Greaves) in either 1960's or 1970's. Printed announcement, dated at Montpellier, 9? December 1781, signed by Le Comte de Perigord, stating that the King has ordered a Te Deum sung in all the churches of France for the Yorktown victory. Purchased from Thomas L. Suter, 16 October 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuildings Photographs and prints: Customs House; Lord Cornwallis' Cave; Main Street; Monument Lodge (1 piece); Moore House (4 pieces--3 photographs in Mapcase); Shield House (oldest house) and Nelson House (1 piece); Yorktown wharf (1 piece). Monument Photographs. 1 piece. 2 newspapers with history of the building and opening of the George P. Coleman Bridge. Located in mapcase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 pieces including 1 photograph. See also Folders 6-8.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Yorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Includes a photograph album entitled \"Views of The Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, Virginia, October 16-17-18-19, 1931\" presented to The College of William and Mary in Virginia by the Yorktown Sesquicentenniail Association, Inc. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eViews of the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration, Yorktown, VA, October 16-19,1931 from the Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association, Inc\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931:  Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration.  20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981:  Official commemorative program.  Official booklet:  \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYorktown sesquicentennial celebration 1931: Mimeographed and printed material relating to the celebration. 20 items. Yorktown bicentennial celebration 1981: Official commemorative program. Official booklet: \"Miracles at Yorktown,\" written by Guy Friddell and produced by Tom Hale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYorktown National Military Park June 6, 1921 ...In the Senate of the United States.  June 6, 1921.. A bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...7 p.  28 cm.  1 piece. 1921 Hearings before the subcommittee of the committee on appropriations United States Senate...on a bill declaring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park...Washington, Government printing office, 1921.  16 p.  23 1/2 cm.  1 piece. Navy Mine Depot Navy Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia By Commander A. H. Miles, U.S. Navy.  (Reprinted from the United States Naval Institute Proceedings v. 54, no. 4, whole no. 302.)  1 piece. In the matter of Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia...Brief submitted on behalf of owners of property...Newport News, Franklin Printing Co.  21 p.  23 cm.  1 piece.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial relating to the annual celebrations of Yorktown Day, sometimes called Yorktown Fete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFete in honor of General La Fayette.  Printed pamphlet by R.G. Scott on what happened during planning of the Yorktown Fete of 1824 and why he should not be responsible. 1827.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCentennial.  \"An Appeal to the Country for a National Centennial Celebration of the Surrender of Lord Cornwallis.\"  Printed by Virginian Print, Norfolk, Va. 1879. Special Communication of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Virginia at Yorktown 1881. Celebration of Yorktown Centennial- a pamphlet containing incidents and speeches from event. 10/19/1881. A History, Surrender of the British Forces to the Americans and French at Yorktown, Va., Program for the Centennial Anniversary Celebration on October 18th, 1881.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Admiral Francis Joseph Paul De Grasse, Hero of Yorktown\" by Louis A Culvillier 1931Invitation and tickets to Yorktown Celebration 1931List of European Guests at Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Newsletter on Yorktown Sesquicentennial Celebration 1931Official Program of Yorktown Celebration.  1931Some Old Yorktown Maps by K.W. Trimble.  Reprint from The Military Engineer, 1931Tentative Program of Yorktown Celebration byYorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931Ticket Stubs-Yorktown 150 year Celebration 1931Yorktown Sesquicentennial Association 1931\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram of Celebration of 155th Anniversary of the Victory at Yorktown under the Joint Auspices…  10/19/1936\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram of Yorktown Celebration, October 18-19, 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from A.A. Folsone to Hon. Lyon G. Tyler enclosing engraving of a view of Yorktown, \"Yorktown Battlefield\" by John B. Chapman per Graham's Magazine, 1814.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Photograph of House in Yorktown undatedPhotograph of Yorktown Battlefield and Moore House undatedSketch of Yorktown- View from the River (Copy) undatedYorktown Homes (6 photographs on cardboard) undatedGreeting Cards -Prints of Moore House and Nelson House  1934\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal ink wash drawing by a federal soldier in 1862. View of the York River waterfront. Transferred to artifact librarian in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Plats of Yorktown, Photostats (2)  undated Sign - Guided Tour of Yorktown (10\"x7\" cardboard sign) 1941 \"Establishment of the American Army.\"  Photostat of May 27, 1778 Congressional Order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable online via the Library catalog for William and Mary users; alternate access is available via the Internet Archive: http://www.archive.org/details/journalofsiegeof00gall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Yorktown Church Said Third Oldest in Virginia,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  May 9, 1960.\"Historic Nelson House,\" January 31, 1973\"Battle Lines Will Be Reconstructed at Yorktown,\" Daily Press, Newport News, Virginia.  January 31, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Christmas Dinner Menu, U.S. Naval Mine Depot, Yorktown, Virginia.  1950.Colonial National Historic Park brochure by US Department of Interior (2 Copies).  1940Old Yorktown and its History by Mrs. Sydney Smith.  1920Salvaging Relics from York River.  1939U.S. 17 George Washington Memorial Highway Map, Tidewater, Virginia, into Colonial National Historical Park.  undated.Views of Yorktown and Gloucester Town—Mariners Museum, Newport News, Virginia.  1946Virginia Gazette Supplement, The Public Observer, \"Yorktown Day of Yesteryear.\"  October 1972\"Yorktown-Climax of the Revolution,\" National Park Service, Source Book Series, Number 1 (2 copies).  1941\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Henri de Saint-Simon at Yorktown; A French Prophet of Modern Industrialism in America,\" The Franco-American Review, Autumn 1937.\"A Neglected French Collaborator in the Victory of Yorktown\" by Harold A. Larrabee.  1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYorktown Sesquicentennial medal commemorating the surrender of Lord Cornwallis in 1781. Transferred to Artifact Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEighteen early photographs of monuments in Yorktown, Virginia, many with descriptions written on the reverse side.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of: the Victory monument,  the monument on the spot where Cornwallis surrendered to Washington, Lafayette Coach at Bremo, Spring where Washington got his water, marker of French soldiers' graves (2), plaque for site of the Home of Nicolas Martiau,  plaque for \"Baron Gaspard de Gallatin,\" walk along top of old earthworks (3), where Washington had his tent, spot marked where a tablet once was, plaque for \"french soldiers and sailors,\" where Lafayette had his tent, plaque for Thomas Nelson, Jr. and artists conception of celebration (ships in harbour). 17 photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of Battery; print of \"Reddotopm de L'armee du Lord Cornwallis; 3 photograph of inside and outside of the Moore House, 1911; two copies of the Gloucester-Mathews newspaper, May 7, 1952, with the history of the building of the George P. Coleman Bridge; and one copy of the Daily Press, May 7, 1952, about the Coleman Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8763_c26_c01_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":113},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason 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