{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=23","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=22","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=24","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=56"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":23,"next_page":24,"prev_page":22,"total_pages":56,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":220,"total_count":555,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c22","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c22","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c22"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Railroads"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Railroads"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Railroads","Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record","3 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1902-1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous; includes operations\n credits and debits, freight rates, and a yard\n record"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["3 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":118,"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#21/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n 1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c22_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous papers arranged by author","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jerdone Family papers","Series 5: Miscellaneous material"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jerdone Family papers","Series 5: Miscellaneous material"],"text":["Jerdone Family papers","Series 5: Miscellaneous material","Miscellaneous papers arranged by author"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous papers arranged by author","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous papers arranged by author"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous papers arranged by author"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1749-1918"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1749/1918"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous papers arranged by author"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Jerdone Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1261,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-11T07:07:26.881Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8768","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8768.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jerdone Family papers","title_ssm":["Jerdone Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerdone Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1753-1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1753-1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 J47","/repositories/2/resources/8768"],"text":["Mss. 39.1 J47","/repositories/2/resources/8768","Jerdone Family papers","Agriculture","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--Slavery","Account books","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is organized into 8 series. Series 1 contains letters; Series 2 contains accounts; Series 3 contains inventories; Series 4 contains legal papers; Series 5 contains miscellaneous material; Series 6 contains manuscript volumes; Series 7 contains artifacts; Series 8 contains additions and accessions to the collection. Series 1 is arranged chronologically by date and separated into subseries by individual year. The remaining series are primarily arranged chronologically by date.","Accessions 1998.7 and 1997.45 were not combined with the original accession and are boxed separately.  Acc. 1976.04 is shelved in the Small Collection as Addition 17.","Boxes 14-16 of Series 6 are arranged alphabetically by individual's last name.","Francis Jerdone (1721-1771) was born in Jedbury, Scotland in 1721, the son of John Jerdone, a magistrate and treasurer. At the age of nineteen, in 1752, he immigrated to Virginia and settled in Hanover County, Yorktown, and Louisa County. He made his living as a merchant running a mercantile business. In the 1730's, Glasgow merchants began sending factors to live in Virginia to buy tobacco and sell goods. Francis Jerdone (1721-1777) married Sarah (Macon) Jerdone (1732-1818) in 1753. The couple had several children including; Mary Jerdone Pottie (1754-1837); Francis Jerdone (1756-1841); Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge (1757-1793); Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay (1759-1830); Isabella Jerdone Mitchell (1761-1825); Anne Jerdone Thompson (1763-1794); John Jerdone (1764-1786); Martha Jerdone (b. 1767) who died in infancy; and William Jerdone (1769-1772). Francis Jerdone died in 1771.","Original Accession and additions physically and intellectually combined in 2009. When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","Most of the library belonging to Francis Jerdone is located in the Special Collections Rare Books Department, Swem Library, William and Mary. "," Colonial Williamsburg has five items that may prove useful to researchers. They are listed as follows:"," Francis Jerdone Collection, Colonial Williamsburg Research Library, Colonial Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia. Account Book, 1751-1752."," Cargo Waste Book, 1748-1749."," Deed, from the heirs of Thomas Martin to Francis Jerdone for one thousand acres of land in Louisa (formerly Hanover) County, Virginia, 24 March 1752."," Letter from Norfolk, [Virginia], to Francis Jerdone, Mitchel's Store, Louisa County, [Virginia], 1809 January 26."," Letter from Hampton, Virginia, to uncle Francis Jerdone[?], 1803 September 29."," The Library of Virginia have multiple items that relate to Francis Jerdone and the Jerdone Family. The items listed below are an example of some of the larger collections being held at this institution, and is not meant to be a comprehensive listing. For more information see the Library of Virginia homepage: http://www.lva.lib.va.us/ or search the archives and manuscripts at the Library of Virginia: http://eagle.vsla.edu/bible/"," Personal Papers Collection. Accession 20939. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Balance book, 1750-1787.Items are available as photostats (negative). This collection includes a typescript copy of a record of balances of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, Virginia, as attorney for Buchanan and Hamilton, Merchants, of London, dated 31 December 1750, as well as estate accounts of George Pottie, dated from 1764-1787, and notations of their settlement."," Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822. Accession 21466. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822.Items are available as photostats (negative). Papers, 1783-1822, of Francis Jerdone (1756-1841) of Louisa County, Virginia, consisting of correspondence from Dr. Robert B. Honeyman (1752-1822) of Hanover County, Virginia, concerning the health and medical treatment of Jerdone's family and enslaved persons."," Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873. Accession 20415. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873.Miscellaneous reel 647Items are available in microform format. This accession includes a typescript of the accounts of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, with a number of individuals. There is also a birth register for enslaved persons, a tax list, and crop accounts."," Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866. Accession 21607. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866.This collection consists of papers, 1762-1866, of the Jerdone family of Louisa, New Kent, Orange and Spotsylvania Counties, Virginia, consisting mainly of correspondence to Francis Jerdone, Jr. (1756-1841), of Louisa County from his sons, relatives, friends, and business partners regarding personal, family, and business matters."," Jerdone Family Slave Record Book, 1761-1865. Accession 20415. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, Virginia. Slave Record Book, 1761-1865.Item is available as photostats (negative). Record of the slave births from 1761-1865, and the lists of tithables for Albemarle, Louisa, and Spotsylvania Counties for which the Jerdone Family was responsible."," Francis Jerdone, Sr. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767. Accession 21659. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767.Item includes entries on business matters, loans, tobacco, and other goods. There are also numerous entries relevant to sales of slaves.","Papers of the Jerdone family, 1753--1890 (bulk 1771-1845): letters, letterbooks, diaries and account books of immigrant Francis Jerdone (1721-1771), a Scottish factor who lived in Hanover County, Yorktown and Louisa County, Virginia, and letters of his wife, Sarah (Macon) Jerdone."," Most of the collection consists of letters, accounts, and diaries of the next two generations of members of the Jerdone family including Francis Jerdone (1756-1841), planter of Louisa County; his brother John Jerdone (1764-1786); his brother-in-law, Alexander Macaulay of Yorktown, Virginia; and his sons, John Jerdone (b. 1800); Francis Jerdone (b. 1802); and William Jerdone (b. 1805). The letters reflect the daily maintenance of their plantations, \"Jerdone Castle\" [Louisa County, Virginia], \"Providence Forge\" [New Kent County, Virginia], \"Mount Sterling\" [Charles City County, Virginia] and an unnamed plantation in Spotsylvania County, Virginia."," The family were absentee owners of \"Providence Forge\" and \"Mount Sterling\" and the two estates were managed first by a cousin, William Douglass, and later by hired stewards. (Eventually, William Jerdone lived at \"Mount Sterling\" and built a brick mansion there.)"," The subjects covered in the collection include agriculture, the commission merchant business, the daily routine of men, education, farm management by stewards, and various aspects of slavery, including slave insurrections. In addition, there are many letters written to Virginia from Scotland and England."," The papers also contain the letterbook of Thomas Jett, Virginia representative of John Morton Jordan and Co., London, England; items from Perkins, Buchanan and Brown, merchants in London, 1769-1776; and documents, 1769-1799, concerning the lawsuit of Jordan v. Skinker."," An index of names in the papers is shelved with the collection."," All the additions to the Jerdone Papers are described under \"Other Note\" noted near the end of the page"," Jerdone Family Papers, 1623-1957, in Swem Library's microforms area, 12 reels, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L pt.2."," Francis Jerdone Account Book, King and Queen County, VA 1746-1757 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 1999"," Francis Jerdone Ledger, King and Queen County, VA 1748-1750 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 2000"," Artifacts listed in Boxes 17, 18, 19 are removed to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection. Papers/letters with these artifacts are in Box 16.","Describes missing his wife while he is away; explains plans for moving his belongings; other family news.","Discusses developments at the mill and filling of pond; refers to outbreak of measles; refers to \"arrival of the London ships;\" other family news.","Autograph Letter Signed. Explains his side of debt with Francis Jerdone; claims he doesn't owe as much as was originally stated.","Reports on relations in England and Scotland; expresses wish that dispute between mother and daughter be resolved; reports on his studies; other family news.","Speaks of various accounts he has taken care of for Francis Jerdone: has paid mother's balance, paid \"J. N.\" and brother's schooling bill; money is scarce and has £1100 worth of tobacco unsold; other news.","Autograph Letter Signed. Explains that person to whom payment was remitted returned payment; Mr. Clay has arrived in Williamsburg; other family news.","Boxes 1-2. 104 items.","Sends list of articles sent by \"Minnie\"; cotton not up yet; has sent cheeses to four people (brothers-in-law?) has been working from \"sunrise to sunset\" and will have to wait until Christmas to see them; other news.","Will see Mr. Holt around the 4th of May who will inform Jerdone of the answer given to unspecified business proposition; Douglass has similar view as Jerdone on this proposition; feels hurt by this similar ambition; expects visit from Mr. Pottie.","Sketches out business affair between himself and Mr. Holt; had wished to send him a saddle but too expensive; having problems with enslaved persons; wishes an overseer; asks Jerdone to keep his eyes open for one enslaved individual; other family news. See also medium oversize file.","Has been anxious of his journey away from Providence Forge; hopes all went well and didn't take any chances; will be sending for the hogs the 19th or 26th.","Oysters will be delivered late as an unexpected high tide prevented harvest; received letter from Mr. Pottie; has no hoes or axes and can't make any as has no steel and little iron; P. S. sent sixty hogs with Sam H? had hoped to send more but too big to make the journey.","Discusses state of accounts at the estate; encourages him to come to the estate; refers to new \"state of settlement\" and asks for terms; refers to building and improvements planned for estate and other \"private affairs.\" See medium oversize file.","Refers to writing to his relatives in Jedburgh, Scotland ; discusses plans for \"building and repairing on the Hill;\" refers to difficulty in finding carpenters, recommends Mr. Vaughan as a possible carpenter, refers to birth of a son; other business news.","Discusses his recent illness and doctor's advice for his recovery; expresses great happiness at receiving letter from his brother but reproaches him for its shortness; discusses his studies of physics and surgery and his hope to continue when he recovers; reports death of Aunt Jerdone and other family news.","Refers to receipt of letter from his brother (Francis Jerdone), the first he's received in five years; reports on his studies in physics and surgery and refers to other family news.","Informs him that his brother is in bad health, has gotten \"best advice\"; was sent to Jedburgh for the good air; suggests sending him to the South of France where he will be able to have a favorable climate and continue his studies;","Remembers the times spent together hunting; refers to a Spanish fowling (pistol) sent as a present with Mr. Thomson; hopes to see him again when trade to and from America begins.","Scope and Contents Outlines four business propositions including terms of payment, etc.; reminds him of promise to send hands to help with brick-making; plans on visiting in the fall and hopes to visit Norfolk as well; other family news.","Describes goods he has bought for Mr. Jerdone; also lists goods bought for Miss Belches, Mrs. Jerdone and Mr. Breckenridge; asks Mr. Jerdone to buy 12 panes of glass.","Refers to business matters with Mr. Holt; reports Mr. Holt's sale of 50 enslaved individuals, and his visit; relays Holt's ill-feelings toward the suit filed by Jerdone against him; refers to building (on the Hill and its slow progress; gives other business news.","Discusses his health; expresses satisfaction in being able to resume his studies; discusses his plans for study; refers to family news.","Has been very busy, can only write a few words; refers to the personal conflict between the partners of a business involving Mr. Holt (and Mr. Jerdone? ; suggests splitting the business; other family news; P. S. lists business information about hogs, oysters, and supplies.","Has been saddened by the illness of his two children and the death of his Aunt Jerdone; refers again to the business problems of Mr. Holt; reminds him of needed materials; suggests hiring Black Americans for building; asks advice on a pair of geldings; P.S. has sent oysters and fish and asked Bearer to go to Fredericksburg to gather information on \"Ben\" who was never apprehended.","Roads have been bad and he is not able to get the iron that Jerdone has ordered; will do Jerdone's order first when he can; Mr. Holt paid a visit with \"his overseer and some Black people\" to bring back 40 hogs and a bull; refers to differences between Mr. Holt and Mr. Jerdone which Mr. Douglass has no patience for; seems to deal with a building of theirs; continues to look for a pair of carriage horses but they are very expensive for their value; refers to a trip Toby took to Fredericksburg to find (a runaway enslaved person but which wasn't successful; comments how lucky people are who do not live near \"such retches\" (enslaved persons ; comments on how closely matched they are as friends; other family news.","Encloses invoice for the panels of a carriage; explains that copper panels are out of fashion and these had to be custom made; also explains delays because of manufacturing; recommends the captain of ship and hopes Jerdone will ship tobacco back to him with this captain; promises to sell all the tobacco he consigns him; is obliged for any recommendations of him to Jerdone's friends.","Has received two letters, glad to hear Jerdone's son has returned to studies; glad to hear of their relations in Jedburgh, Scotland and will try to write soon; Mr. Holt is making an effort to pay off his debts and has sold his plantation; doesn't know how to advise Jerdone on these business matters; have had a streak of bad luck including destruction of corn; general sickness of the family causing the death of one enslaved woman and the explosion of the \"old works about the forge;\" still has not found a pair of carriage horses; other family news.","Discusses his health and the improvement of it; discusses his studies and future plans; refers to local opinion of Americans as being \"In abject poverty;\" refers to family business in Virginia and Mr. Holt's debt; other family news.","Bettsey has had a fall and has hurt her arm, hopes things will right themselves soon; has sent messenger through Richmond to get any letters from Mr. Douglass; sends affections to all friends.","Has received bill for house, but didn't pay because it is such a large sum; sister Betsey is getting married.","Sorry he was not in Richmond when Jerdone visited, would be obliged if Jerdone would send his tobacco and order his goods from his house; is sure Jerdone will be pleased; has found a carriage that Sarah Macon (Mrs.) Jerdone might like better than the fancy one she just had sent, if Jerdone would like to exchange.","Refers to effort to raise £1,000 by Christmas; gives account of money paid for goods.","Discusses his health and relapse he is suffering; plans to return to Virginia as soon as possible; hopes to practice some medicine in Virginia; discusses some logistics of his travel home; gives other family news.","Discusses accounts and people who have money for him; refers to sale of tobacco to Major Lee.","Has heard Jerdone would like to do business with him; asks that he send an order for goods, or let him know if he will be shipping tobacco; has a ship loading and can make arrangements.","Expresses thanks and deep emotion to Mrs. Jerdone for her support.","Requests all papers pertaining to suit against Mr. Holt; reports has requested all loan office certificates regarding this matter; implies Mr. Holt put paper money into loan office without Mrs. Jerdone's consent; also, requests estate books be checked to see if this money was due to the estate.","Refers to accounts and payment by various people to Jerdone.","Have been commissioned to find four chariot horses; have sent them and charged £321.12.2; will charge 2 1/2 percent of commission if paid in tobacco; do not think this is expensive as horses have doubled their price since \"the peace\"; the horses will land in Hampton.","Refers to receipt of papers concerning Holt case; reports receipt of £ 1,900 sterling by DuVal's family for himself; other family news.","Sent letter through Robert Johnston, who is a stranger; asks him to show him hospitality; asks him to pick up the remaining five barrels of tar; has shipped remaining two hog heads of tobacco; needs some money for payment of a debt; would like Jerdone to give him the money he needs, but if this is unfavorable, he will consider the request non-existent.","Were not able to ship horses immediately as the first ship had too many goods on it and could not handle the food for the horses; have shipped with another captain and they should arrive safely.","Reports receipt of three horses, their condition, groom's bill, and that he has forwarded them; questions servants sobriety; makes comment that \"white servants do not suit this country\".","Refers to death of George Pottie and expresses sympathy; refers to debt of £ 27 due of Hawkins; refers to contacting of various people to pay off bonds held with Mr. Dick.","Expresses relief to know she has reached London; refers to the deterioration of his health; gives his chair to her as a remembrance of him; other family news.","Reports death of his cousin; expresses relief that relatives in Virginia are well; refers to his own poor health; other family news.","Gives particulars on death of his cousin who died from childbirth; refers to his deteriorating health; other family news.","Has enclosed order of reference against William Holt.","Reports death of her brother, John Jerdone; reports on preparations for him and her lack of will and knowledge of his affairs; other family news.","Has checked over books in regard to Mr. Holt; reports the mismanagement by Mr. Holt of the books and describes what he did wrong; refers to the progress of the suit.","Approves of decision not to allow Mr. Holt to settle accounts; recommends Mr. William Dandridge for the job.","Inquires if Jerdone has any tobacco to ship, as he has a ship loading at Cumberland; inquires if William DuVal owes Jerdone any money; reports he heard that DuVal recovered approximately £ 1,500 from England.","Encloses copies of judgments against Holt and the \"Orders of Reference;\" urges him to settle books in order to have the matters of reference determined; expects payment from Mr. Woods soon.","Reports difficulty in raising money to pay shipping charges on tobacco; refers to debt he owes Jerdone and discusses his means in raising the money for payment.","Presumes Jerdone has not gotten all his tobacco to the warehouse; is sure Jerdone will ship with him; cannot get his ship to Cumberland because British ships are restricted to Yorktown; will bring tobacco by small craft.","Outstanding debt of Jerdone's account by Donald and Burton to Gist will be paid immediately; asks if Jerdone has any freight to be shipped; feels family has responsibility to Captain Milford; suggests using him to establish a regular, good ship on the York River.","Reports settlement of matters against Mr. Holt scheduled for September 22; asks to pay next tax on the estate for Jerdone.","Came to deliver £ 100 due to Mr. Jerdone by Hugh Mercer; asks that any remaining debt be charged to him as Thomas Mitchell will be paying him for services rendered; asks for a receipt for this and also for £ 34.18.4 from Captain William Ferrells.","Reports outcome of Holt case; expresses dissatisfaction with outcome; requests affidavits concerning George Pottie's deposition; suggests a rehearing.","Reports intention to pay Mr. Macon money owed to him; regrets he won't be able to pay Mr. Jerdone this week; intends to write to see if he can \"draw bills\" in Fredericksburg, Petersburg, and Norfolk.","Expresses satisfaction that appointment for Mr. Holt's deposition had been noticed and that Mr. Pottie's deposition would be of help to Mrs. Jerdone; explains his opinion on the matter of the loan certificates given to Mr. Holt; gives other opinions on the case; other family news.","Apologizes for the negligence of payment due Mr. Gist; assures him that it has been taken care of including interest; total was £125.9.3; will send copy of account when sales of tobacco are closed; thanks him for promise of shipping tobacco to them. Including copy of LS from Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.","Still suffering from rheumatic pains; has rearranged business so he can spend most of his summer at the springs; sorry to hear Jerdone's mother is not well; requests that Jerdone allow him to sell some of his \"least serviceable\" enslaved persons and to buy others; feels should get fieldhands to clear the swamp rather than enslaved persons to work in the forge as will be more profitable.","Encourages Mr. Jerdone to have estate accounts looked over by Mr. Lighton Woods; gives day and time of court hearing; promises payment in April and August; offers to pay Jerdone's taxes.","Has enclosed Mr. Douglass' accounts for the past two years; Douglass has made two charges which he feels are unreasonable; must pay it as Douglass is in West Indies; would like word from Jerdone of when he would like his money and he will get it ready.","Have not heard from him since their last letter; have closed Jerdone's account with £400. 19.5 due them; will wait until remaining 14 Hogs Heads of tobacco are sold; still have not sent horses as no room for safe transport on any ship; captain of first ship which they had planned to use brought legal action against them for breach of contract; cost them £25 \"out of our own pockets\"; will not bring a charge of commission on him because of non-anticipated expenses. Includes Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.","Expects of two ships; requests Jerdone's help in loading them; reminds him of balance due Donald and Burton.","Has written to help him clear Jerdone's father's name concerning the remittance of a bill; claims both Jerdone's father and Mr. Holt remitted the same bill and now the man is trying to claim that neither did; requests that Jerdone look up his father's ledgers on this man's account; has seen Mr. Macaulay and is anxious to see Jerdone; will meet him whenever Jerdone can be in either Richmond or Hanovertown.","Reports progress on lawsuit; expresses desire to get business finished soon; reports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and other family news.","Plans to meet Jerdone in Richmond on 18th of July; his wife is very ill with \"the rheumatism\" and has been con finedto bed for past two weeks; violence of illness has not abated and he hopes for the best.","Writes to report seeing an enslaved young man which he believes is enslaved by Jerdone; explains his reasons for believing so; expects to pay his bond when crops are sold.","Requests Jerdone meet with Alexander MacCaulay and Colonel Morristo settle dispute with Mr. Holt; other family news.","Minx (Mink) had killed 30 fowls; needs help to kill him; asked Patrick to bring back turpentine promised by Jerdone; sent six loaves of sugar to Mrs. Jerdone; weather looks bad, has declined turpentine.","Reports appointment of John Howie, Wm. Hays, Mr. Holt, John McKeene and Wright Southall as referees; reports Colonel Morris has stated the accounts clearly, and DuVal gives a list of categories included; also reports amount of debt due Mrs. Jerdone; sends proceedings of Federal Convention and states \"if adopted will make the states more virtuous and happy than they otherwise would be.\"","Has sent for two barrels of turpentine; has sent for Mrs. Jerdone's fabric.","Letter brought by Colo. Morris who has helped pull the forge out of trouble; claims Mr. Holt has been changing accounts to appearance of profit; Holt was getting business into debt; wants to make Morris a candidate for Convention and asks Jerdone's help.","Expresses concern over Mrs. Midleton's actions to recover her fortune; refers to Polly's ingratitude to Mrs. Jerdone; reports arrival of goods and expects to send them soon; other family news.","Will send the hogs out tomorrow morning; new partner, Mr. Samuel Beall of Williamsburg, has been taken on; Beall would like to meet with Jerdone; still missing money which hopes Holt will acknowledge.","Came to deliver £25 interest on £500 which he had borrowed from Jerdone; is \"backward\" in plantation duties so sent Isabella to deliver money; hopes to see Jerdone the following week.","Reports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and how this is affecting his work; believes Circuit Courts will be a great benefit to the country; hopes to obtain £2,000 for Jerdone in court; refers to several execution of estates; expresses opinion that Constitution should be approved by states; lists states that have already approved it.","Reports expecting ship in York River in April and requests assistance in loading her; inquires of having whole tobacco crop; reminds him that he must order goods for next fall.","Explains details of carriage horses matter and why the company was sued; claims that Jerdone must pay them for the horses and all extra expenses; gives accounts of tobacco sold and debts.","Reports decision of referees appointed by General Court in lawsuit of Mrs. Jerdone against Mr. Holt; gives sum awarded; reports loan certificates still under consideration.","Discusses finances among Mr. Burnley, Mr. Macaulay and the Jerdones; found hoes have been sent to Jerdone.","Reports arrived safely; refers to kindness of sister; refers to difficulty in leaving Mother and duty she feels toward her.","Has enclosed Jerdone's account; hopes he does not complain because sales of his tobacco were not good; tobacco was not of good quality and was severely damaged; hopes he will pay his balance when convenient.","Refers to judgment of case against Mr. Holt and its impacts; refers to Mr. Holt's reactions; advises him to wait to file other complaints until this whole account is settled.","Approves of deferring settlement until Mr. Johnson returns; reports sent statement to remove any injurious impressions of Mr. Holt's actions on the Chancellors' minds; reports other developments in the case; Holt has asked Marshall to represent him; Colo. Taylor's fee.","Discusses decision to defer settlement; reports Mr. Holt's attempts to employ Mr. Marshall; explains Mr. Marshall's refusal of engagement.","Refers to business with Mr. Holt; claims he should remain in Richmond until \"Doomsday or the day after;\" other family news.","Wants to know if Jerdone wants any pork or hogs; cash is scarce and would like to sell them; corn crop doing very poorly, the season being too wet and windy; wheat doing well, yielding 700 bushels and has grown two hogs heads of tobacco; sorry to learn Mr. Douglass will remain in Scotland until spring; has been sickness this fall and two enslaved persons have died.","Reports correspondence from Virginia; expresses difficulty of being parted from her mother; refers to trip to England; other family news.","Informs Jerdone that cash [?] promised by Macaulay has not appeared; has sent two sacks of salt as leather could not be exchanged; this to be settled at maturity.","Scope and Contents Refers to business of hogs; reports shoeing of horses; refers to failure to pass tobacco inspection legislation in the Senate.","Scope and Contents Reports judgments against Mr. Woods and Mssrs. Dickinson and Mr. Kembrough and states amounts; advises to have Colonel Morris settle Holt's account.","Scope and Contents Refers to attempt to obtain payments from Dr. Currier and Mr. Gravis; refers to illness in his family and death of a son; refers to Mr. Woods' crop of tobacco; hopes late alteration in Superior Courts will result in more speedy justice.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter from Willia m Holt; reports Mr. DuVal will advise on proper answer. Includes copy of letter from Willia m Holt, Willia msburg, Virginia to William DuVal, \"Mount Comfort,\" February 18, 1789 . 1 Asking what steps Mr. Jerdone intends to take against him; also asks if business will be brought to referees or to the Chancellor.","Scope and Contents Refers to difficulty in being parted from mother; reports on her son John and his development; refers to his being \"backward with his tongue\"; describes her horse and some living conditions; reports receipt of mother's presents and describes difficulty with customs officials; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs that all are well; is studying Ovid's Metamorphoses, Justin and Ovid's Epistlesand French.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow in being parted from mother; gives account of when people leave the house on a normal day; refers to development of son John; refers to health; refers to rejoicing of King's recovery and great illumination; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expected Jerdone to pay debts owed to Donald and Burton of London when he was in Richmond; since not done, requests that Jerdone pay as soon as convenient.","Scope and Contents Refers to expense of obtaining horses; refers to balance due to Donald and Burton and also amount owed in the country.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of desk and expresses thanks; reports on weather and its effect on crops, fears he will \"loose his character as an overseer.\"","Scope and Contents Reports on status of accounts and progress in receiving payment; refers to \"ejectment\" of Mrs. Jerdone scheduled in Williamsburg following September.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone act as witness in a suit by Mr. Pottie in Winchester; reports judgment will be against Holt in September; needs deeds of Forge at trial to prove Holt mortgaged it to Mrs. Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Asks to forward Dandridge's bonds; expects to obtain Judgment for Mr. Jerdone the following month.","Had wheelwright look at carriage wheels and will have them replaced; sent two shovels and two ditching spades which he had ordered; feels Jerdone should meet with Mr. Beale as he is worthy of attention; feels important to increase number of enslaved as are draining swamps.","Scope and Contents Refers to lack of payment by Mr. Daniel on his bond, outlines way to try and get payment.","Scope and Contents Reports will send Chancery's decision on case against John Winston's executors; reports on progress of case against Mr. Holt in Court of Appeals; requests delivery of papers to Mr. Charles Thomson.","Scope and Contents Reports statement of debt against Lewis' executors, also execution against Winston's executors and execution against Mr. Ferrell.","Scope and Contents 5 . Inquires of the various ailments her mother has suffered; laments how often mother is alone; refers to and inquires of her sisters; refers to outbreak of measles; inoculation of her children; refers to schools which her children will attend and their distance from house; refers to French declaration of war on England, expresses fear of war; expresses aloneness and Feeling of not belonging; refers to events taking place in France and the death of French King; other family news.","Sending 40 hogs to Jerdone; suggests he send a carriage to \"receive them in good order\"; would like sent to him a bottle of little sweet scented type of tobacco seed; P.S. - has sold crop of corn and the wheat they had.","Requests business transactions between Jerdone's father and Mr. Belsches for payments and accounts during years of 1772-1774; also requests copy of transactions between himself and Mr. Pottie.","Discusses quality tobacco shipped, condition of it and market; explains goods he has sent.","Refers to business with Holt and Dudley Richardson; intends to order execution against Kinsbrough ?and someone to attend sale; explains other bonds.","Speaks of their speculation endeavors in the tobacco market; advises him to have nothing to do with the men involved in Major Ragland's account; thinks it would be better to deal with Burton.","Explains goods sent and expectations for next crop of tobacco; expresses uncertainty of affairs with Spain; expresses hope war will be averted; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Intends to send carriage wheels; saw William Mitchell while he was in Richmond and compliments Jerdone on his handling of a runaway blacksmith; was informed that Hugh Nelson has a blacksmith for sale; discusses corn crops; discusses Jerdone's accounts.","Scope and Contents Claims is due money for the clearing of the Rivanna River; asks that Jerdone pay £8.15 to Mr. Walter who delivered letter.","Scope and Contents Has sent 36 hogs but is displeased with their size and fatness; also has sent two chisels that the blacksmith has made; concerned over health of Jerdone's family but glad Mother is better; congratulates on the judgment for him against Holt. (Letter has some accounts written on back.)","Explains goods sent; refers to \"preservation from the destruction\" of Jerdone family; advises Jerdone sleep with firearms nearby for safety from slaved persons ; describes the \"Blunderbuss\" gun; gives account of weather and crops; refers to reconciliation between Spain and England; sends portrait of Sarah Jerdone Brackenridge; other family news.","Scope and Contents Mother's mortgage is recorded and with equal validity to the original; the original has been lost, probably during the War when papers of General Court were moved; necessary to make an affidavit ? because of replacement of original mortgage.","Scope and Contents Observes death of Wm. Holt and explains impact upon suit of Jerdone's against him; refers to business with others who have debts owed to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Congratulates Jerdone and his mother for their successes in court; Richmond has had a visit from the President of the U.S.; describes toast of occasion; refers to crops.","Scope and Contents Expresses concern for mother's health and her living alone; inquires of her sisters; describes her health and children's development; refers to difficulty in adjusting to England; other family news.","Scope and Contents Orders that nothing more be paid to Mr. Beale or anyone else associated with the late Mr. Holt.","Scope and Contents Reports on his mother's Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge health; reports on brothers and sisters development; comments on \"Ashton\"; refers to affairs in France; other family news.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for damage done to goods; explains current shipment of goods; reports British strong economy and rise in prices for woolens and iron products; refers to British battleships prepared for emergency and affairs in France.","Scope and Contents Discusses Mother's health and family; reports development of family; describes rickets; visit to cotton mill; reports weather and effect on crops; refers to lawsuits of Jerdone's; refers to events taking place in France; other Family news.","Has sent overseer 25 hogs; has sent Jerdone bushels of holly berries and Church's oats ? to be sowed; waited for Jerdone to finds a market for their corn but finally made an agreement with Alexander Macaulay; Mr. Macaulay is working toward agreement on the disputed accounts of Mr. Holt.","Scope and Contents Reports Mother's health is improved; speaks of brothers and himself; reports on weather; lists flowers in bloom; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to price increases and blames this on peace in Europe.","Scope and Contents Describes order made by Mr. Thompson Rowland through Mssrs. Sutherland and McKee for the Coulter Robertson Co.","Scope and Contents 5 . Sorry to hear the family was ill, the captain who delivered his letters is retiring to New York; there have been debates in Parliament over the abolition of enslavement; describes incidents occurring in the West Indies; has been a boycott of sugar; feels this is silly; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to sending rum; explains how to enhance its flavor; refers to crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; needs more notice as does not order from dealer if he can get from manufacturer; explains increased prices on wine; other news concerning shipping.","Scope and Contents Cancels plans made to travel northward; his daughter Polly died August 19, 1792.","Scope and Contents Reports hog business; refers to lawsuits; refers to crops; requests meeting in Richmond or Hanovertown; other family news.","Scope and Contents Two hogs are missing; has enclosed description and accounts of Providence Forge estate; has sold surplus of wheat to Mssrs. Freeland and Gillies for five shillings sterling per bushel; is working on terms for corn crop now at 18 shillings sterling per barre l; has not heard from friends in Jedburgh, Scotland and becoming uneasy.","Has sent a newspaper describing incidents in Europe; relates his opinions in regard to American liberty and influence on Europe; other family news.","Sends regards of \"Mr. M.\"; Mr. M. has sent, a \"hamper porter\" port wine ; will leave the eulogium on the port's quality to Jerdone.","Has inserted advertisement in papers for four weeks; feels sure a reward wil1 guarantee detection of an enslaved person; advises to speak with John Marshall to retain him as counsellor; quotes current prices for wheat and corn; refers to events in Europe; expresses concern over French development and how this will affect U.S.","Reports illness of children Sarah, Maria, John, and William and wife Sarah Jerdone with measles; also reports death of daughter Sarah and wife Sarah and attack of scarlet fever on John and Maria.","Reports the havoc produced by the \"bursting of that overgrown bubble paper currency and the circulation of accomodation bills\"; encloses an order for sugar, rum and other goods.","Reports wife Sarah \"Sally\" Jerdone's death and death of daughter Sarah as well as illness of John, William, and Maria; reports on their development since; explains how Sarah Jerdone's things were sent and where she was buried.","Has lost Francis Jerdone's sister Sarah, George Braikenridge's wife and his two daughters; the sons are back to health; has sent account balance due to him at £8.13.5; has enclosed a mourning ring and a lock of Sally's Sarah hair for Francis Jerdone. to wear; reports condition of crops and prices; refers to events in Europe concerning France.","Refers to events taking place in France.","Upset by attempted murder of Jerdones by enslaved persons; wonders if he has the liberty to make decisions on selling crops; informs of interest of Mr. Thompson of Richmond to buy old corn; will start preparing hogs for Jerdone.","Gives opinion on French actions and intentions and relations between U.S. and Britain.","Describes business matters with Mr. Macaulay; discusses credit and cash markets; reports on crop development; other family news.","Reports on weather and crops; refers to report circulating that Mitchell asked for pardon for Pegg an enslaved girl, implicated in attack against Francis Jerdone and his mother; assures Jerdone this isn't true and explains circumstances.","Discusses trading enslaved persons; reports on cotton and livestock and other business.","Reports arrival of two millstones; refers to positioning of volunteer troops by \"order of the executive\" to Smithfield to \"suppress some opposition to the Civil Power\".","Discusses shipment of tobacco and corn to England.","Reports goods received for Mr. Jerdone and their condition; refers to antiministerial opinions in the newspapers of the day.","Explains process for declaring notice for demand for money; reminds Mrs. Jerdone to sign copy and send affidavit. Including Geo. Gairdner, Richmond, Virginia to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 17 September 1794, which explains delay for letter and encourages him to do these errands immediately.","Refers to receipt of tobacco; explains difficulty in insuring British ships; expresses regret for political discord in U.S.; comments on war; gives family news.","2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Refers to crops in Europe; speaks at great length about the war in Europe and the events in France; refers to death of Robespierre and many others as a result.","Gives example of wording of affidavit; requests that affidavits be renewed and sent by the 22nd.","Refers to papers which have been delivered; reports fevers have been lowered by the rain; Jerdone's tobacco has been shipped.","Describes business transactions he plans on pursuing in order to clear his debts.","Comments on wheat received; recommends a cooling beverage; also describes goods sent.","Explains lack of correspondence from feeling of insult from Jerdone's previous letter; describes business matters of corn, wheat, and with Alex Macaulay; reports on hogs, some of which were lost to a \"set of villains\".","Discusses money enclosed and carried by Joseph Spicer; discusses hogs; expresses sorrow for the death of Mr. J. Thompson.","Reports charge of order; reports carrying an enslaved person back home, injured or escapes?; refers to health and weather.","Sent 24 hogs to overseer Joseph Spicer; receiving returns on crops sent to Norfolk but disappointed in prices; has prepared accounts for past years; sustained losses as crops from 17 92to be sold to Mr. Alexander Macaulaywere never completely sold.","Explains postponement of filing case against Sheriff James Dabney after talking with John? Marshallbecause he claims to have sold land and have money ready for Mrs. Jerdone; also intends to convince Major DuVal to mortgage his property for better security on debt; refers to weather and health.","Reports goods sent and difficulty in shipping; reports war between France and England; speaks of famine in France and general scarcity in England; refers to higher prices because of the \"covetness of the farmers\".","Bill for hoes sent for £4.1.10.","Had expected his friend Captain Delancey to visit Jerdone; hopes Jerdone will accept him hospitably; advises not to worry about the Beall's Executor as he is acting to \"procrastinate\" the foreclosing in the mortgage; anxious over payments owed to Jerdone and the welfare of his family if he dies; hopes to send his children to Scotland for education as there is too much French principle in the colonial schools; sorrowed by the loss of \"little Johny\".","Scope and Contents Had been ill with pains in the side; refers to many immigrants from Europe; expresses worries of power given to Catholics and their divided loyalties to country and religion.","Scope and Contents Reports enclosure of decision by Chancery for Mrs. Jerdone; reports on brigs carrying goods: one has been carried off to Bermuda by privateers, another brought ashore by wind; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs Jerdone he has broken a law by selling wine without a license to sick people; he will be fined $50 for every offense.","Scope and Contents Items shipped; health of family and himself; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Discusses business dealings in hogs, wheat; describes conditions of business with Alexander Placaulay, Thomas Peters, Benjamin Harrison and Turner Christian; reports he received a letter from family in Jedburgh; encloses itemized cost for carriage wheels. See medium oversize file.","Scope and Contents Regrets he can no longer stay on; will get someone to act as overseer; reports on Indian corn, wheat and prices.","Scope and Contents Reports on health; reports on receipt of goods; explains ship took 21 days from Norfolk to Richmond; also how bale was sent mistakenly to Petersburg; refers to seemingly encouraging markets in produce, grain, flour and horses; refers to death of Mr. Douglass; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports business is slow with only the necessities like flour and wheat doing well; many men being sent to West Indies and speculation is very high; encloses an political pamphlet.","Scope and Contents Claims will have no problem selling the corn he has; promises to take necessary steps to bring Mr. Peter to justice; will try to take care of repairs needed on the mill.","Scope and Contents Updates Jerdone on his business affairs and accounts; congratulates Jerdone for wishing harmony with all nations.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of William Douglass; inquiring about the position of overseer now vacated; gives brief sketch of his background and that of his son who would like to be employed.","Scope and Contents Has no news; heard Jerdone had been in Hanover and wishes he had come to visit in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Weather appears to promise good crops; reports the horse thief Young was convicted.","Scope and Contents Sends a pointer puppy and advice for care of it; reports on weather and crops; refers to rumours of war between Great Britain and Spain; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; relays interest of Mr. John Graham to buy oats and other crops; refers to dog, the \"canine queen\"; refers to elections being held in town; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Distressed by being alone while her brother William Douglass is away; complains that she cannot handle the work alone; has divided hogs and feels the remainder should be killed; discusses crops and prices; inquires about selling Jerdone's tract of land.","Scope and Contents Will not offer more than £50 to Archer Christian; reports she has employed an overseer as one is needed on condition Jerdone has not hired one; inquires whether he wants the crops sold.","Scope and Contents Acknowledges present; refers to work done on \"waggon\" ; refers to weather and crops; reports on hunting; refers to difficulty in economy from French; other family news. Includes invoice for goods shipped to Francis Jerdone, January 23, 1797.","Scope and Contents Refers to stagnation of business; reports prices of wheat and flour; refers to newspapers and their showing of the \"magic of politics\".","Scope and Contents Has enclosed a newspaper; refers to allies contriving their \"depredatory and unprovoked conduct to this country\"; reports all business is good.","Scope and Contents Has delivered letter to Major; weather has been good but had a frost; hopes peach blossoms survived; has enclosed a Norfolk paper.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Reports brother John is in school at Bradford in Wiltshire and brother William at Keynsham, both studying Latin; describes his father's business and his responsibilities within it; describes the political and military events occurring in England and France; surprised he is wearing a \"redcoat\" on is back; hopes the U.S. will not be dragged into this conflict.","Scope and Contents Including letterfrom George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 10 April 1797, referring to business transactions and shipping as well as European events and family news. 2 pages.","Scope and Contents Reports corn and wheat are ready but fears prices will not go as high as Jerdone had expected; hopes to see Jerdone to discuss the land.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone send balance for the 30 barrells ? with bearer; send compliments.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness at estate; reports on sale of crops and payments; other family news.","Sorry to hear the drought has brought disease to persons enslaved by the Jerdon family; wishes he could take a trip North with Mr. Mitchell to get away; worries about the predicament of the U.S. in view of the European events; discusses business concerning Mr. DuVa l? and whether he is a good business risk.","Scope and Contents Refers to job opportunity expressed to him by Jerdone; gives conditions of his employment; will accept job if Jerdone accepts his conditions.","Scope and Contents Informs that a year is up since signing bond; Inquires as to what Jerdone would like to do.","Scope and Contents Letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Describes route of ship which carries his goods; reports events in Europe; refers to peace negotiation with France; reports on crops and weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses crop prices, and receipt of payment; refers to events in Europe as \"hostile\"; reports movement of Dutch to the North of Ireland; reports outbreak of yellow fever; other family news.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses crop prices and quantity; refers to outbreak of yellow fever; reports have received letters from Scotland and refers to the placement of the Dutch fleet; discusses further events in Europe.","Scope and Contents Discusses his land in Kentucky and the value of his land in Virginia; reports orders placed agains t Mr. Holt for Mr. and Mrs. Jerdone; discusses other business of debts.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone not send reply with wagoner as he is not trustworthy; encloses letter from Major-DuVal; offers his aid in employment of helpers; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports Jasper has agreed to the operation; thanks Jerdone for finding instruments to use; requests them sent by Saturday or Sunday as when he has the assistance of Dr. Lewis to operate.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and oats and gives prices; reports he has no one to recommend for the notice ? business.","Scope and Contents Reports operation is done; reports Jasper tolerated the pain well and is now very happy; requests that Jerdone return the instruments and forward the enclosed letter; also requests a bottle of molasses for Jasper.","Scope and Contents Recommends hiring Mr. Holeman for the job; refers to many ships missing on their voyages and the lack of information from Europe because of it; gives other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that George Pottie will bring entries needed to be signed for the certificates; they must be entered by 1 December to avoid penalty.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and potential to sell more if the price is agreeable; refers to possibility of hiring Mr. Holeman who would give Jerdone's \"notices\"; reports difficulty in obtaining wheels.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods sent; wanted to send salt but objection to putting in bags; hopes Jerdone will accept the oysters.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of Jasper; describes the symptoms and the opinions of the doctor; reports advised diet and progress of recovery.","Scope and Contents Reports wheat is being delivered; remarks chat the man who delivers this will deliver Jerdone's letter to Mayor DuVal.","Scope and Contents Discusses ship's arrival and goods to be sent; reports on weather; refers to newspapers which have been sent.","Scope and Contents Reports efforts to sell property in order to pay off debt to Jerdone; reports employment of a man by Mr. Gairdner.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; reports iron, leather has been sent; advises Jerdone to write to Mr. Macaulay about his daughter; Includes some accounts of goods sent.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold both the new and old wheat; reports has not been able to sell the old corn; hopes pork will be ready by the 25th.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent hogs; discusses business affairs of corn, wheat, and Indian corn.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Assures that accounts have been properly taken care of; discusses business matters and goods sent; advises him on poplar trees; gives other town news.","Scope and Contents Reports on events in Europe and effect it will have on American economy; reports letter from Major DuVal advising to employ Holeman to give notices; reports Mr. Alexander Macaulaysent his son to school in Chesterfield; reports on crop prices.","Scope and Contents Refers to attempts to sell Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and payments.","Scope and Contents Discusses prospects of selling land; refers to letter from the Major DuVal ; discusses further business, partnerships, and lawsuits.","Scope and Contents 3 Reports that peace has till not come with France; gives numbers of militia and preparedness of British forces; describes recent events involving French and their plans; reports rebel lion in Ireland almost quelled.","Scope and Contents Describes goods shipped to Jerdone; complains about high prices and taxes. Including accounts for all goods shipped to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Time to renew bond with Jerdone; needs instructions.","Scope and Contents Discusses business affairs with Major DuVal in reference to a mortgage of his land; refers to visit of General Marshall.","Reports that Mr. Macaulay must sell his furniture, home, enslaved, persons and plantation for \"ready money\"; wishes to consult with Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter from DuVal to Jerdone; agrees that Jerdone is due Holt's land in compensation for the debts.","Reports son Francis has bought 1/4 of land and enslaved persons mortgaged to her by Holt for £2,750; informs that he has power to act for her.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports sending 20 hogs and wheat timber; reports hasn't finished measuring Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and Indian corn; reports execution ordered against Mr. Peter; reports sale of cattle.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods sent, including hogs; discusses particular business matters Including payment and when things will be delivered and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to the \"Calamitous disaster of the 22nd November\"; claims will suffer no loss; discusses business accounts, sale of crops and goods shipped to Jerdone; Dr. Cringan wishes puppies.","Informs cannot learn how Black boy can be bound; promises to write soon to make a judgment.","Scope and Contents Discusses business with Mr. Mitchell; refers to events between France and Britain; hopes for peace soon.","Scope and Contents Discusses political events in Europe at the time including dethroning of the kings of Naple and Serdinia and speculation on the King of Prussia; reports River Elbe is frozen disrupting mail delivery; refers to lack of news on army in Egypt and rumors that Napoleon Bonaparte has been killed; predicts the defeat of the Italian Army by the Turks; refers to extensive popularity of Nelson and lists the types of clothing and accessories that have been named after him.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of letters; describes goods sent; refers to death of Mr. Alexander Macaulay; refers to apple crop and weather; describes accomplishments and injuries of Admiral Nelson; reports French declaration of war against Tuscany. Includes invoice of goods shipped by Geo. Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 15 March 1799.","Scope and Contents Reports no further information from Major DuVal; refers to upcoming elections for member of Congress and hopes he will place a vote for General Marshall; hopes a visit to the forge will come soon.","Scope and Contents Doesn't expect good weather to last; hopes to visit soon; encloses payment for interest on bond.","Scope and Contents Explains his recent interest in politics as his way to protect himself against the government; reports no news has arrived from Europe.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent two horses; reports sale of 650 barrels of Indian corn and asks what to do with remainder; expects payment from Mrs. Douglass for corn; hopes for a visit soon.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of horses; explains travel plans for visit; reports news from Europe; refers to defeat of the King of Naples; speculates effect on U.S. posture in foreign relations.","Describes the events surrounding the auction of Mr. Macaulay's goods; lists what she bought at auction including enslaved persons and prices.","Scope and Contents Explains bout with \"cholic\" for any bad disposition; refers to business matters; reports sending of clothes to Mr. Thompson; refers to sale of tobacco to M \u0026 G.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of £530 to Mrs. Macaulay; reports no arrival of the expected fleet; reports weather of 94 degrees with no rain in sight; expresses belief that lack of rain will not hurt tobacco farmers.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on his recent marriage; reports no new news; reports \"vanquishment of the French in Germany and Italy\"; promises to forward any news. Including invoice of goods, Bristol, England , 15 March 1799.","Scope and Contents Describes goods ordered by Jerdone; apologizes for goods he couldn't get. Including account for goods ordered, undated.","Scope and Contents Asks that Jerdone be more particular in his commissions in the future; describes weather and crops; relates that Turner Christian and Mrs. Douglass are both moving; Mrs. Douglass is going back to her plantation.","Scope and Contents Refers to Jerdone's decision to sell his crop on his own; refers to expectation of rain and news of hail in Louisa; expresses regret that Jerdone's wheat was injured; refers to other business matters.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; reports on corn crops; refers to weather; refers to sale of crops; indicates desire for him to visit before engaging as overseer for next year.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather; reports difficulty in finding package supposedly shipped from England; refers to letter to mother and box forwarded; refers to Sandy's well-being and schooling.","Scope and Contents Extends congratulations on marriage; offers his opinion of the Jerdones' companionship and their virtues; reports sale of goods and other business matters.","Scope and Contents Refers to building of a cabin or house; reports forwarding of package.","Scope and Contents Describes goods ordered; hopes for good crops this year; feels that the U.S. will be able to stay out of the war in Europe.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not sending \"half books\"; forwards letter from Mr. Young concerning Jerdone's sister Mrs. Macaulay.","Scope and Contents Including letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Explains kerchiefs sent to the ladies; wishes Jerdone happiness with his new wife; describes wet summer and fall and effects on crops; relates that war with France not over; describes conflict with Spain over four English Frigates.","Scope and Contents Reports sent oats and seed cotton; reports sale of wheat; reports progress of Indian corn; reports sale of Mrs. Douglass' fourth of the estate.","Scope and Contents Describes gifts sent and thanks for gifts received; relates that Assembly is sitting; relates crops and prices; explains contract with G. D? rs deals only in gold and silver not \"currency money\"; explains Mr. D? rs has not paid anything on this contract since 17 97 .","Scope and Contents Refers to bad weather's effect on partridges; refers to General George Washington's death; refers to news from Paris on European affairs; refers to nephew Sandy Macaulay's development and schooling.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports trip to Washington D.C. ; refers to affairs in Congress such as the National Bank issue and laws for loans; refers to men ready to defend the \"Fort of Mobile\" with help from Havana.","Scope and Contents Promises will bring over his bond for his account as soon as Mitchell and Gairdner tell him; expresses concern over Jerdone's mother's health; advises Jerdone to call Dr. Honyman.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods sent by wagon; reports no new news.","Scope and Contents Instructs on how to fix furniture injured in transportation; refers to famine and war in Europe and is thankful for good times in West; refers to visit by Turner Christian who did not pay anything against his account; sends seed wheat from Egypt which produces two crops in 12 months for experimentation.","Discusses crop business and prices; reports goods sent; relates death of eight month old, enslaved child.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and illnesses that have occurred in the area; refers to discovery of a planned rebellion by Blac ks and the hope it was squashed.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat prices especially in reference to bread prices and the effects on the poor; relates conflict with France still a problem; Includes other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Jerdone's illness and anxiety; advises on buying flannel for winter coats; refers to \"the disagreeable state of the Blac ks\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes negotiation with France broken off; wheat prices continue to rise as farmers refuse to bring their crops to market; relates riots are occurring because people cannot afford bread; discusses enclosure law; other family news.","Reports son George Braikenridge married a Miss Bush; refers to a planned insurrection of enslaved people in Virginia and hopes nothing came of it; notes that grain prices still high and population is increasing fast; feels new enclosing of common land should be increased to equal it.","Scope and Contents Discusses household business; refers to accounts enclosed.","Scope and Contents Advises Jerdone on how to get a higher price for his wheat; comments on the tobacco market.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat and corn crop; refers to transport of hogs for Christmas; reports on shingles' arrival.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports Assembly has done nothing of significance; feels French convention was not successful to either U.S. domestic or external relations.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Xeroc Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses lack of attention paid to shingles; remarks on similar opinions on settlement; refers to Jefferson's election as President.","Scope and Contents Refers to events in Europe and the latest accounts from Europe; reports on wheat, corn, and flour prices.","Scope and Contents Refers to sale of tobacco; explains that they don't discriminate in price when an entire crop is sold.","Scope and Contents Reports trip to Bottombridge Bottoms Bridge for the evening; refers to Turner Christian's visit and his desire for Jerdone to come visit the forge; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; extends gifts of patterns for wife and mother. Including invoice of goods sent, undated.","Scope and Contents Expresses hope that Jerdone will come visit; refers to recent politics.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire of Turner Christian for Jerdone to visit the forge; reports on crops and crop prices; reports acceptance of two drafts of upwards of $2000.","Discusses crops and business; reports two enslaved children have died. Also three horses.","Scope and Contents Refers to draft on Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner, reports sent someone with interest in his bond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; explains why he thinks payments to Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner mistaken; other business news.","Scope and Contents Sends payment for money due; reports death of Mrs. George Nicholson.","Scope and Contents Sends two knives to be fixed; reports weather has been changeable and advises Jerdone to watch his feet from getting wet or cold.","Scope and Contents Refers to bad colds in area; reports last news from Europe; hope the leaders of Europe will unite.","Scope and Contents Explains took liberty to open letter to Gairdner as he went to Norfolk; sorry to hear son is so sick; has enclosed letter to mother from Mrs. Macaulay.","Scope and Contents Relates meeting the Alexander Macaulay family; encloses forms to cancel a bond; refers to French supplying West Indies with arms; hopes they will reduce those nations back to their \"primitive state of subjection.\"","Scope and Contents Reports preliminary peace has begun between France and Britain; Cornwall is has been in France since early November; relates business has been stagnant and will be until peace is declared; reports military action in St. Domingo and Jamaica; relates food prices.","Refers to unsettled weather; refers to mortgage and how to finish business; explains how the Major has no liquid money to pay off mortgages; encourages to settle position on 'discounts' for enslaved persons; reports Helen Macaulay's intended marriage to son of James Southall, late of Williamsburg; other family news.","Discusses shingles, some have arrived, some still on the way; encloses inspectors receipt for the hog head of tobacco; reports death of an enslaved child \"overlaid by its mother.\"","Scope and Contents Reports drafts were all paid; refers to other accounts.","Scope and Contents Explains delay in goods; refers to events in Europe and to delay in obtaining a treaty; reports prices on goods and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and illness; reports on business with the Major and his mortgage; reports other accounts. Including invoice of payments by Turner Christian, 25 July 1800 and 20 May 1801. 1","Scope and Contents Hopes to receive letter soon; reports peace has finally been reached between France and England but doesn't expect to last long; worries as Britain has no allies.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"the Alarm\" which keeps Jerdone at home alarm of Black revolt? ; reports on status of Major DuVal's account.","Scope and Contents Believes good reason to expect \"an Black uprising attempt\"; refers to Major DuVal's actions toward Gairdner; reports ratification of \"Definitive Treaty\" but has no details; wonders how it will affect business.","Scope and Contents Discusses exchange of gold; reports business with Major DuVal almost completed; other news of health and weather; includes some accounts.","Scope and Contents Explains conditions of release for William DuVal from Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Explains status of DuVal affair and papers that have been drawn up; discusses other bonds; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports Sandy Alexander Macaulay's dissatisfaction at school and his desire to leave; explains Macaulay opposes the water used in the kitchen.","Scope and Contents Reports on DuVal affair; refers to difficulty in getting merchandise; inquires about butchers having come Jerdone's way; other family news.","Scope and Contents Requests payment from William Harris for medical services rendered. Including receipt from William Harris for medical services rendered by Dr. Richmond Lewis.","Scope and Contents Describes Mr. Mitchell's illness and trip planned for his recovery; discusses various business dealings with Major DuVal, Turner Christian and in regard to Holt's lands.","Sorry to hear of another insurrection of enslaved persons and hopes all is well; attributes trouble to effects of French Revolution in St. Domingo; requests any orders for goods be sent as soon as possible as regularity of ships for Virginia is non-existent; discusses crops and prices. Including invoice of goods sent to Francis Jerdone by George Braikenridge, 28 July 1798-26 September 1801. 1","Scope and Contents Encloses \"Holeman's\" report and explains its significance; Major DuVal; reports on crops at the Forge; expresses desire for a visit.","Scope and Contents Gives cost for Holeman's trip; reports \"DuVal affair\"; reports on Mr. Mitchell's trip to Norfolk.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on new son; extends wishes to Mrs. Jerdone for a speedy recovery; reports Mr. Mitchell's return.","Scope and Contents Reports on livestock, crops, and prices.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on increase in family; reports on tobacco.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Discusses illness going around and some remedies; refers to repairs made in cooking utensils; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cotton and hogs; enclosed accounts requested.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Mitchell and her children; congratulates on addition to family.","Scope and Contents Informs that her mother died on the 13th of February; describes her illness; asks for news and letters of family.","Scope and Contents Discusses crop sales handled by Turner Christian; regrets that he cannot handle business of horses; discusses some tobacco business.","Scope and Contents Reports that two hogs hea ds of tobacco have arrived at warehouse; reports fine weather has resulted in increase of tobacco being shipped.","Scope and Contents Items sent; death of mother of Joan Douglass; possibility of war with France; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports has received two hog hea ds of tobacco; also has received 27 gallons of oil and two kegs of \"white lead\"; cites current prices for these and tobacco.","Scope and Contents Confusion continues as tobacco arrives; hopes oil arrived safely and will be sufficient; business \"is dull\" as the rumour of war affects country.","Scope and Contents Describes disastrous weather of hurricanes and hail; reports news from Turner Christian at Providence Forge; discusses tobacco and its inspection; fears for renewed conflict between France and Great Britain; gives current prices of wheat, corn and tobacco.","Scope and Contents Refers to disastrous tornado near Louisa County ; enclosed weights of two hogs hea ds of tobacco ; asks him to accept four pineapples.","Scope and Contents Reports letter from the Commodore discussing learning navigation and naval tactics; refers to British attempt to acquire the French West Indies ; reports no ships have arrived because of embargo; other family news.","Scope and Contents Received letter from Mr. Rober t Johnson which he repeats; Mr. Christian requests some iron; comments on farmers opinions of crops; gives opinion of town people toward farmers.","Scope and Contents Discusses business; advises to let Turner Christian (overseer) sell the crops; reports weather and other aspects of business.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold old corn for 16 shillings per barrel; asks advice on sale of wheat; reports hogs will be ready by the 28th.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Refers to boy to be sent to learn to be a blacksmith; reports on crops and goods sent.","Refers to missing an enslaved boy; reports \"Anderson's Natt\" won't take apprentices until they are 21 years old; advises to keep boy as laborer a few more years.","Scope and Contents Has sent fourth of money; claims Britain watching for Bonaparte but no occurrences yet; hopes he will soon as Britain is well-prepared; requests to borrow some English newspapers sent by Mr. Braikenridge.","Refers to letter lost with newspapers and intends to send papers separately; refers to enslaved boy's return; advises not to sell him but keep him as a \"mechanic\"; reports problems of enslaved persons with ? Hewlett; \"I am sorry that Hewlett's conduct is so barbarous... It is no business of mine but several of the heads of Negroe families at the forge complained of Hewlett to me. It may be worth your while to write Christian in order that no inhumanity may be used\"; other business.","Scope and Contents Discusses business transactions through mail; discusses events and opinions in England toward the expected invasion of France; discusses weather, crops, and shipping; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes the military forces prepared against France; dreads expense of this military endeavor; requests Jerdone to look for articles of Natural History; Includes list of things he collects.","Scope and Contents Reports is getting over cough and describes some of the remedy; refers to the burning of Norfolk and estimates damage; reflects that this will affect prices.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of crops and prices; reports on progress of stone steps; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports his trip to England and explains he hopes to regain his health there.","Scope and Contents Reports on goods purchased and sent; explains further details on trip to Great Britain.","Scope and Contents Reports on condition of crops and current prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Williamsburg lawyer who helped prepare the Jerdone's suit against William Holt; describes his preparations of the suit; encloses the newspapers for damages.","Scope and Contents Reports on crop condition and current prices; reports on hogs also.","Scope and Contents Reports tobacco has passed inspection; reports on Gairdner's health and on Sandy Mitchell's leg; refers to prices for tobacc o .","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends payment to cover interest on bond; report on weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat, transportation and harvest of cotton, corn crops and hogs; refers to Mr. William Mitchell.","Scope and Contents Thanks Jerdone for his consoling letter; refers to death of George Gairdner; announces her marriage on August 3, 1804 to Mr. Thomson; inquires of the Douglass'; invites Jerdone's nephew to visit her during his vacations at school; discusses the death of Mr. Waugh and his inheritance.","Scope and Contents Reports death of George Gairdner; describes his perception of their friendship; explains connection made between Jerdone's cousin, Joan Douglass Thomson, and George; extends his help in whatever he can do.","Reports death of his brother on the 10th; describes conditions of will including freeing of enslaved persons; assures Jerdone accounts will be taken care of.","Scope and Contents Explains that letter carried by Mr. Gairdner was delayed and this is why goods were delayed; includes list of goods shipped.","Scope and Contents Reports on due balance to Jerdone and events which will lead to payment; recommends Mr. Innes as agent to take care of his business.","Scope and Contents Agrees 5% commission is outrageous and suggests a lower percent; reports on status of Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner House; requests Jerdone only draw $10,000 so as to preserve the existence of M \u0026 G.","Scope and Contents Introduces himself and offers his services as an agent.","Scope and Contents Reports sent goods; sent copy of invoice to Willia m Cuthbertof Norfolk as he was agent for Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner; insured goods as have been reports of plundering by French Privateers; reports French left W. Indies before Lord Nelson arrived and now being pursued along coast of U.S.","Scope and Contents Refers to deaths of Mr. Gairdner and Mr. Mitchell; supposes Mitchell's executors will take care of goods; requests place to direct mail for Jerdone and Mr. Thompson.","Scope and Contents Reports will not enter Navy; asks for recommendation of what profession he should pursue.","Scope and Contents Discusses loan for Mr. Thompson; inquires if a personal security is sufficient or if he would prefer real estate; has had no shipment from Bristol.","Scope and Contents Reports has received payment for tobacco from England; inquires whether Jerdone would like his payment in sterling or in currency; explains which is more convenient; advises he put money in Bank of England rather than Bank of Virginia because it pays interest.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of Major DuVal's mortgage; promises to finish matter soon or take legal steps.","Scope and Contents Requests Providence Forge estate be divided so that he may have his share inherited from his father; requests Jerdone go down in order to divide estate; feels this best and most economical way.","Scope and Contents Reports on business; has 42 hogs ready by December 15th; wheat has been sold; corn not fully harvested yet.","Scope and Contents Reports meetings with Major DuVal and Thomas Wilson; refers to unwillingness on Wilson's part to pay mortgage.","Scope and Contents Reports has waited on business with DuVal sufficient time and now thinks it is time to go to court for payment; has sold wheat; gives list of goods sent by Abram.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent 44 hogs and the accounts for 1804; relates had mentioned buying Mr. Douglass' share of the estate but Douglass is interested in buying another 1/4.","Scope and Contents Discusses preparations for lawsuit involving debts due Jerdone by Mitchell and Gairdner and Mr. DuVal; hopes to prevent suit from going into \"Court of Chancery.\"","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends interest on bond, suggests talking to bearer who has just returned from Mediterranean cruise.","Scope and Contents Describes the conditions of payment of a mortgage debt; explains procedure used to settle conflict; gives conditions of proposals offered and results if go to court.","Scope and Contents Reports will receive detailed account of settlement with Major DuVal; does not feel this settlement is in Jerdone's best interest; debt has been transferred into hands of bank.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter sent explaining DuVal settlement.","Scope and Contents Reports condition of wheat crops; has not sold Indian corn and expects low price; looks forward to Jerdone's visit to Providence Forge; other business matters.","Scope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner; refers to dry weather; requests copy of accounts of 1804.","Scope and Contents Reports offers of Mr. Brown to pay off whole debt of Mitchell and Gairdner; sorry to hear Mr. Christian will leave Jerdone's employ; relates mason has set of stone steps waiting to be picked up; requests instructions on those.","Scope and Contents Reports has received payment from Mr. Christian on accounts; has delivered settlement with Major DuVal signed by both parties; feels will be important against DuVal's claims of equity.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to duty payment due; discusses weather and its impact on corn and tobacc o .","Scope and Contents Bearer has two pair shoes; agrees with character judgment of Mr. McLaren; hopes rain benefited Jerdones; has not received money from Mr. Fenwick or Christian; reports river too low to ship things; arrival of ship from Liverpool.","Scope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mr. Fenwick to Mr. Christian; discusses effects of rain on corn, tobacc o; refers to rumours of French-English peace negotiations.","Has sent five dozen pair of plaid hose; \"forwarded deed and power of attorney to Mr. Christian\"; \"there seems to be more difficulty in the business... owing to some informality on the part of the Commissioners in omitting to name\" the enslaved persons; seems uncertain, whether deed can be proved in court.","Scope and Contents Refers to inquiry of McLaren's movements; refers to Jerdone's unwillingness to travel because of weather conditions.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends $500 in bank notes to exchange for silver; refers to two bills in Assembly: to do away with guard in Richmond and to place taxes on bank stock; implies Senate will agree to neither.","Scope and Contents Reports family well and daughter born to his son and daughter-in-law; lists goods sent; refers to little reliable news.","Scope and Contents Reports birth of daughter and other family news; relates has entered into West Indies mercantile business as his relation Mr. Weare has retired from it; describes this business and some of its holdings; reports some of the activities of the French.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; advises to sell corn at $5; refers to competition from northward; refers to treaty with Great Britain; fears it won't be ratified.","Scope and Contents Discusses tea sent; explains different shipping routes and introduces his agents in Norfolk, Virginia and Liverpool, England ; refers to McLaren and fears hasn't sold any corn; reports on potato scarcity and his discovery of Nova Scotia potatoes which he \"finds equal to real Irish or Scottish potatoes\"; other family news and business.","Scope and Contents Describes goods sent; refers to letters received from the Brackenridge; discusses prices of crops; refers to illness of Captain Maconand his depressed spirits.","Scope and Contents Refers to previous letter and goods sent with it; discusses war between England and France; believes it won't end while Bonaparte lives; refers to weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of four stone steps by waggon; discusses bill for steps; refers to forwarding letters to Britain; reports number of people who have come to see the trial of Colonel Aaron Burr; expects trial \"to be put off for want of testimony\"; reports on French retreat because of lack of supplies; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business transactions; refers to some political event and speculates on government action but not specific; speaks of politics between France and Britain; refers to business with McLaren.","Scope and Contents Refers to suit in Chancery Court in Williamsburg and bill which will need to be answered by Jerdone; refers to Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone'sillness and other family news.","Scope and Contents Outlines and explains suit of John Pierce and Samuel Beall against Francis Jerdone and his mother Sarah Macon Jerdone .","Scope and Contents Refers to letter to Braikenridge's father of April 1807; reports growth of his family; is glad to hear of change in profession; regrets war in Europe not over; refers to attack on Chesapeake frigate by British ship; other family news. Including Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia to George Braikenridge Bristol, England , 20 April 1807, informing of family news and listing goods ordered from Mr. Braikenridge.","Scope and Contents Explains what goods sent and why others weren't; apologizes for lateness of goods. Including invoice of goods sent by George Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 17 September 1807. 2 pages.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; refers to delay in goods from England; reports peaceful trend between Britain and United States; reports surrender of Copenhagen to British Army and also Danish Fleet; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"rough treatment which poor Minny experienced, it may be a good lesson to him, he is not apt to be impertinent, but I suppose the parting drink with his Richmond friends had some effect on his conduct...\"; expresses surprise at small wheat crop; refers to lateness of goods from England; believes relations will remain peaceful with Britain; reports Bonaparte's order for blockading decree on American ships; refers to Major DuVal's note coming due; other family news.","Scope and Contents Advises to have corn \"manufactured\" by a nearby mill; discusses arrival of ship from England including letters from the Braikenridges; discusses pork and prices; not satisfied with political relations with Great Britain .","Scope and Contents Refers to business transactions in Williamsburg; expresses concern over British-American relations; has enclosed accoun ts.","Scope and Contents Has received \"two hogs heads of the meanest tobacco I ever saw pass inspection\"; sorry can't pass on good news as British-American politics don't seem to be improving; sorry to hear of Jerdone's poor health. Including account of 18 March 1808 signed by Smith ? Price. 1","Scope and Contents Refers to difficulties of communication because of American embargo on England; claims this has had no ill-effects on English standard of living; refers to Spanish struggle to free from Bonaparte; reports English have forced French from Portugal.","Requests Francis Jerdone come visit to settle accounts with Mr. McLaren; reports on crops, livestock, and sale of crops; reports no iron; requests outside clothing for enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising prices of foreign goods; believes a non-intercourse act and embargo will pass Congress; refers to last order from Jerdone; hopes Spain will succeed; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Reports delay in getting tobacco to market; reports on crops; reports receipt of iron; gives weight of all hogs killed.","Scope and Contents Discusses care and progress of livestock.","Scope and Contents Questions whether embargo will be raised; reports prices have declined from rumours that embargo will continue; refers to rumours of battles in Spain; business and family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to shipment of indifferent nails as \"proper speciman of penitentary workmanship\"; reports limited removal of embargo; feels this will do little for tobacc o industry; discusses business transactions with Mr. Tazewell and Mr. Douglass .","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of tobacc o; reports has received news from England and finds ports of France, Holland, and their colonies still interested in trade; gives report on prices in British ports.","Scope and Contents Refers to Mrs. Jerdone's health and the weather; reports rumours that the Austrians were defeated; claims will have no peace as long as Bonaparte \"reigns on the Continent of Europe.\"","Scope and Contents Sorry to confirm reports of a breach with Britain; explains events centering around Mr. Erskine and Mr. Jackson, Minister to the U.S.","Scope and Contents Refers to business with Mr. Dunsmore; reports on weather; refers to the battle of the Danube and rumors of a Russian Army marching against Austria; expresses concern.","Scope and Contents Refers to prohibition of direct intercourse with Great Britain; discusses a Mr. Dillard who has inquired about a position with Mr. Jerdone as overseer of the New Kent estate.","Scope and Contents Includes invoice.","Scope and Contents Items shipped, bears invoice, 1809, of Francis Jerdone.","Encloses bill for attendance of enslaved persons.","Discusses sale of crops; claims willingness to pay his part of profits for estate; discusses accounts with Mr. Morecock, John Davis, McLaren; enslaved persons need clothes; and shop needs tools.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of Braikenridge letter informing of arrival of goods at Norfolk.","Discusses transport of articles to Jerdone; intends to attend to tobacc o following day; has enclosed invoice from Braikenridge in Bristol.","Reports pork is almost ready; reports progress in crop processing; questions Francis Jerdone's intention to use timber on estate.","Discusses use of timber on estate and who has the right to use it; reports on hogs and corn.","Reports on hogs and wheat.","Discusses some business; expresses desire for Jerdone to come to visit.","Discusses sale of tobacco, the advertisement was too late for this paper but will be in the next; assures that the expenses are taken care of.","Has sent the three hogheads of tobacco to New York to be sold; P.S. tobacco didn't pass inspection, was sold.","Encloses accounts on sale of tobacc o; will send current accounts if requested.","Reports letter arrived in time to be sent to London; regrets \"low state of health\" of Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone .","Reports update of account, refers to trouble nobility in London have been causing.","Has sent medicines by Mr. J. Thompson; refers to rain.","Discusses wheat crop and prices for its ale; requests figures in order to update books of Jerdone and Douglass; other family and business news.","Discusses crops, livestock, enslaved persons and other business.","Discusses the merits of private tutors and schools; weather good for harvest; refers to Napoleon and his preoccupation with his wife; reports Holland has been made a province of France.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of crops, prices and transport of hogs.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates events in Great Britain not good; king not likely to recover; Parliament appointing Prince of Wales regent and ministry looking to new restrictions; from France the Berlin and Milan Decrees not revoked and French ambassador has arrived.","Scope and Contents Reports accounts for past year; discusses possibility of loaning money; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires of lack of correspondence from Jerdone and Dr. Honyman; implies difficulties in Britain; suggest correspondence under cover of consul in Liverpool, Jame s Maury.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of package; refers to Bonaparte's release of all \"American vessels and cargoes in ports of France.\"","Scope and Contents Forwards proceedings from Louisa County Court; advises on the next steps to take.","Scope and Contents Worries of lack of correspondence; wonders if Dr. Honyman is still alive; will collect magazines for him only up to end of year without direction.","Scope and Contents Relates sale of wheat by Mr. Douglass; offers to forward mail to Great Britain .","Scope and Contents Advises Mrs. Jerdone on her will and under the law how she can divide her estate.","Scope and Contents Discusses \"political horizon\"; refers to chances of war and effect of Non-Importation Act; gives overview of crop prices.","Scope and Contents Has forwarded letters to England and suggests other ports from which to send letters; reports delivery of goods; refers to events in England; other general business news.","Scope and Contents Reports delivery of hogs; hopes he Francis Jerdone will be satisfied with their sale; reports on wheat crop and intending sale. Including list of hogs killed, undated.","Scope and Contents Pleased to hear from Jerdone; worries correspondence may not last long by looks of American hostilities; gives update on family; refers to eye problems of George Weare; wonders how he will send magazines to Dr. Honyman.","Scope and Contents Discusses difficulty in finding bricks and the future state of sugar; believes British will not \"begin the war\" and wonders if we \"must goad them into it\"; fears this will be regretful.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; refers to wine obtained; discusses fabric for \"neck cloths\"; refers to difficulty in obtaining \"good sugar.\"","Scope and Contents Discusses business transaction with Tom; refers to difficulty in obtaining quality goods and the high prices; reports wheat was rejected by millers and sold.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat; refers to difficulty of obtaining port wine; has forwarded letter to Braikenridge to Norfolk; discusses payment for load.","Scope and Contents Explains why he hasn't yet gotten the goods requested.","Scope and Contents Reports will receive goods; reports stores poorly stocked; will send statement and money from wheat with Tom next time if agreed by Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to account and bond enclosed; has sent cheese; hopes they still will escape war, but wouldn't thank rulers for it.","Scope and Contents Reports hasn't sold corn; refers to declaration of war and believes won't be able to sell corn for a higher price; hopeful for a good next crop.","Scope and Contents Sends port wine and cask of London bottle d \"porter\"; refers to declaration of war on Britain and her dependencies on the 18th; will send interest as soon as possible.","Scope and Contents Sends payment for interest and balance; reports Braikenridge no longer makes kind he Francis Jerdone wanted.","Scope and Contents Gives update on his sons and their accomplishments; fears correspondence will be difficult with declaration of war; discusses weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses lawsuits of Jerdone's against estate of Wm. Holt; advises best way to be successful; questions desires of Francis Jerdone in case.","Scope and Contents Request for loan of eight to ten thousand dollars; encloses bond to be completed by brother Tom in Jerdone's presence.","Scope and Contents Reports low number of hogs; reports has sold wheat and corn; reports on present corn crop.","Scope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of corn.","Scope and Contents Refers to order for kegs of Madeira and rum; reports the \"seaman's bill\" passed the Congress and British were so happy with it they delayed the sailing of troops to the U.S.; reports U.S. troops have taken York in Canada; relays no demand for wheat.","Refers to illness among enslaved persons; discusses crops and market for corn.","Scope and Contents Discusses accounts; refers to weather; relates good news from Spain, but has heard nothing in Germany.","Scope and Contents Discusses transportation of articles ordered by Jerdone; refers to the illness of Mr. Pottie and James Govan; feels thinness in \"ranks of aquaintances\"; reports from Spain contradictory but favorable.","Scope and Contents Discusses hogs and how they will be split up; discusses harvest and sale of corn and wheat and payment of taxes and wages.","Discusses order for corduroy, mustard, and pepper; reports situation with \"hire of labourers\"; doesn't feel Jerdone's enslaved persons would average more than $50 for hire because of the war.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of goods; reports abdication of throne by Bonaparte and restoration of Lewis the 18th Louis XVIII ; refers to hopeful news that commissioners of U.S. will settle problems with Great Britain. Includes list of goods purchased for him Francis Jerdone .","iscusses the illness and death among enslaved persons from typhus fever; discusses crops and hogs; waiting for visit from the British.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods he sent Jerdone; prospects for peace are gloomy; fears war will continue two or three years; afraid to send balance due him by Abram. Including account, undated.","Scope and Contents Reports difficulty in getting specie; refers to delivery of cotton; hopes for speedy end to war; refers to rumor of armistice. Including list of goods sent, undated.","Scope and Contents Refers to family and weather; reports developments in Europe; refers to negotiations in Ghent; reports on available rum.","Scope and Contents Reports on accounts; refers to the lying of Davis and his behavior in visiting and drinking with a mulatto; discusses hogs; refers to Jerdone's need of an overseer.","Scope and Contents Gives update of family; hopes to hear from Americans soon.","Scope and Contents Refers to peace with U.S.; gives update on family; sends message to Dr. Honyman; reports Bonaparte has regained rule in France.","Scope and Contents Refers to previous letters; gives account for magazines and conditions for shipment.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of letter and tobacco which he will inspect and sell; claims this is a good time to sell it; refers to \"no news of importance from Europe.\"","Scope and Contents Reports on the two hogsheads of tobacco .","Scope and Contents Refers to enclosed letter from Mr. Braikenridge; hopes peace has been achieved in Europe; reports on weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of ship; has forwarded letter from Mr. Braikenridge; refers to magazines.","Scope and Contents Describes articles sent to Jerdone including plough, nails, shoe thread, and others.","Scope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of tobacco; reports has bought two piece s of linen .","Scope and Contents Describes goods sent; discusses conditions on sale of tobacco; reports cannot give accounts on tobacco yet as it hasn't been weighed.","Scope and Contents Reports inability to accommodate his Francis Jerdone Sons for this year because house is incomplete; describes educational system at his school based on what parent wants taught; discusses tuition and board rates.","Scope and Contents Reports all three sons are well; describes subjects taken, lists books bought for classes; gives number of students at school; other family news.","Reports indictment of George Boxley for hiring out Isaack, a person enslaved by the Jerdones, as well as a person enslaved by another man; encloses poem written by Boxley; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that brother Willia m is very ill with \"running sores,\" fever and headache; wishes he could be brought home; refers to mother's trip to Hanover.","Refers to enclosed copy of proceedings of case involving enslaved persons; has enclosed affidavit for suit against Peter Clarkson; discusses this suit in reference to payment.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of money to pay interest on bonds; refers to no statement because Francis Jerdone hasn't ordered any goods.","Scope and Contents Discusses latest order; fears war will go on two or three years; refers to accounts of last two transactions; refers to the predatory warfare...by the British...on the Potomack.\"","Scope and Contents Describes conditions and needed persons for taking Mrs. Jerdone's deposition in suit against Clarkson.","Scope and Contents Discusses paralytic stroke of \"the old Governor\"; refers to illness of Mrs. Daniel; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports \"the old Governour\" not in good health; refers to violation of school rules by many boys including George Mitchell; refers to wheat harvest and lack of butter.","Scope and Contents Reports damage from heavy rains; refers to cases of whooping cough nearby; reports exams beginning; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to crops of Mrs. Lewis and her sale of wheat in Fredericksburg; reports Captain Holladay still has his store.","Scope and Contents Refers to health; expresses sorrow of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler's illness; relates new regulations on saying lessons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses corn crop and selling prices; reports on hog development; refers to attempt at selling Ho it's land but no bidders.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; relates trip of Mr. Lewis and John Boyer to Fredericksburg; refers to many boys being sent home for winter clothes.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; sorry to hear of cousin Gardland's wife's illness; refers to speaking to Mr. Lewis about potatoes.","Scope and Contents Reports continued sowing of wheat by Lewis'; refers to better Irish potato crop; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to birth of daughter to Mr. and Mrs. Lewis; relates dates of vacation; hogs have not yet arrived.","Scope and Contents Reports Mr. Lewis buying corn and hogs and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports weather and health; refers to vacation drawing near; other family news.","Reports on crops and hogs; disappointed that there will not be enough cotton to clothe the \"people\" enslaved persons and satisfy other needs; other business news.","Scope and Contents Describes articles sent including hat and saddle bags; regrets there is no \"English cheese\" and not able to get any \"London porter.\"","Scope and Contents Gives schedule of his school day; believes rules are not as bad as he first believed; discusses tuition overseer description and wages ; and gives other news about school.","Scope and Contents Refers to communications; refers to weather and crops; relates economic conditions, employment and prosperity; gives update on sons; relates insurrection in London of lower class; ponders changes that may have taken place since he left Virginia.","Scope and Contents Refers to seeing waggoners carrying wheat to Fredericksburg; intends on coming home on Friday as there is no school after 12 o'clock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Approaches prospect of buying the Providence Forge estate.","Scope and Contents Reports on goods sent; accepts request to find horses, although thinks it difficult at this time of the year; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival before dinner; refers to health at school.","Scope and Contents Laments distance from her relatives; gives report on her children and their schooling; other family news.","Scope and Contents Gives description of company visiting school; discusses crops of potatoes, peas, and wheat; other local news.","Scope and Contents Refers to good health of all; reports Mr. Lewis got home about 10 o'clock on Tuesday.","Scope and Contents Reports on efforts to find a horse; refers to threat of fire to house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports being sent to stay with Mrs. Lewis; refers to visit by John Boyer; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates bad quality of wheat; would like if Jerdone visited during the summer.","Scope and Contents Refers to Mr. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; reports date of vacation; discusses Mr. Lewis' horse.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of \"Huttons Mathematicks\"; understands these sold for $8 in Fredericksburg; expects to be home in a week.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of cherries and Mrs. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; sorry to hear of poor Meeny's end; \"... did not apprehend that he was going mad.\"","Scope and Contents Reports weather and crops; refers to Mrs. Lewis' travels about Virginia; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports rain previous night; discusses Mr. Lewis' potatoes.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"sty\" on his left eye; thanks for the cherries; intends to arrive the following morning; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"chinches\" (bedbugs) and their troublesomeness; reports on crops and their development at the plantation; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; mentions the Bowdens? and Faulcon families and visit by Mr. Faulcon.","Scope and Contents Complains of \"chinches\" and condition of room; reports arrivals of boys remarking on absence of Moncures, Travers Daniel and G. Mitchell; discusses Mr. Lewis' crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and corn; refers to disease among hogs which has decreased number for fattening; reports releasing overseer because of woman he's taken up with; other business and family news; advice on paying the next overseer.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to various family friends' visits; comments on laziness of the overseer and pay; other family news.","Relates the swelling of the North Anna river and problems caused by it; wagon of \"Negroe buyers\" and 40 enslaved persons stuck, sheep loose.","Scope and Contents Reports on rain and its effects; refers to flooding of schoolhouse; reports on family friends; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports he and brother Frank have made geographic table of U.S.; gives information on Mrs. Lewis, Doctor Minor and absence of Willia m, George Mitchell and ? Crutchfield; refers to weather; reports appointed of classes with nine students in each; refers to tickets report cards? and exam on rules.","Scope and Contents Gives update on family; refers to health; reports on weather and crops; describes economic situation; refers to lack of Fruit.","Scope and Contents Reports on apple harvest, sowing wheat and corn; gives an update of people at \"Llangollen\"; reports on visits from Isabella Pottie, Sally Toler, Garland Thompson, and Mrs. Lumbdon.","Scope and Contents Reports order for Irish potatoes by Mr. Lewis; refers to Frank Harris' visit and his business with Wm. Boyer's suit.","Scope and Contents Reports on Mr. Lewis' Irish potatoes; refers to types of food eaten recently; reports on family friends; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat sales of the full year; reports on hogs; relates death of son and wife's illness since.","Scope and Contents Refers to putting away ice; believes it is too early; refers to Mt-s. Lewis' hogs and Mr. Lewis having to buy all his meat this year.","Scope and Contents Discusses means of dividing Providence Forge estate; refers to death of Princess Charlotte of England and her stillborn child.","Discusses sale and payment of corn; refers to bad behavior of an enslaved person who in ran away to Jerdone and is incredulous that he is still at Jerdone's; all enslaved personsare \"trying the overseer\" because they have all \"had their way\" for so long; makes proposal to buy Providence Forge.","Scope and Contents Reports trip went well and Mr. Lewis is ill; mentions a meeting at \"Elk Creek Metting House\" .","Speaks of health of two enslaved persons and Polly Chandler; reports Mr. Lewis has hired a new housekeeper, Katy Bell; relates the Dr.'s son's wounded leg is still in a bad condition.","Scope and Contents Reports Dr. Kean's son Julian was sent home to get payment for his tuition for the past five years; reports a portico will be built; Dr.'s son's leg is getting better; plans on being home Friday.","Scope and Contents Reports having three painful boils; discusses weather and crops; wheat looks bad all over and corn hasn't come up yet.","Scope and Contents Speaks of health and weather; intends to forward letter to Mr. Braikenridge; believes Jerdone should have sent his order to Braikenridge sooner.","Scope and Contents Discusses corn crop and prices of sale; has deposited money for corn and wheat in U.S. Bank at Richmond; discusses conditions for payment for crops; hopes Jerdone doesn't blame him that account hasn't been paid.","Scope and Contents Discusses the rain received and the damage the North Anna? river has done by being so full.","Presents bill for keeping of enslaved persons by the Sheriff of Albemarle; describes circumstances surrounding their imprisonment; reports they have been returned to their enslavers, explains Jerdone will be reimbursed by Clarkson's estate.","Scope and Contents Describes his travels to Washington including means and times of departure and arrival; impressed by the steamboat; describes Alexandria as \"regularly built\"; reports will be in Baltimore and then in New York.","Scope and Contents Describes countryside and bridges seen; describes development and expansion of city; describes \"Peales Museum\" and all the animals and human things there; refers to parade the day before of the militia and volunteers of Pennsylvania; refers to less expensive prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Describes their journey from Philadelphia through Trenton, Princeton and Brunswick, New Jersey; describes weather and roads; describes procession for General Montgomery and his funeral arrangements; reports the comforts of the steamboat.","Scope and Contents Describes their travels; expresses pleasure with the Northern states; discusses crops seen; reports articles shipped to Mr. James Innes.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent bill of lading, invoice and goods for Mr. Francis Jerdone; hopes will be of service to Innes: discusses tobacco, wheat and flour prices. Including invoice of sundries shipped by Maury \u0026 Latham, Liverpool, England to James Innes, Richmond, Virginia, 3 August 1818.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods sent; reports hope for good crops; reports fire at Gallego's Mill.","Has sold Jerdone's portion of the crop from the forge; describes conditions of the sale and prices; discusses depositing money into Richmond bank; hopes to join his family at the sulphur springs; needs for a new overseer, more enslaved persons and a new mill stone.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of Minors and absence of Falcons; has called on the Doctor and he will give John the accountbefore he leaves; reports \"Old Davy\" died.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of letters from Liverpool; reports arrival of ship carrying goods.","Scope and Contents Refers to son's employment in \"procuring\" articles for the family; refers to death of Sarah Macon Jerdone; feels President's message to Congress gave flattering view of domestic and foreign conditions; reports prices in Britain of September 18 on tobaccoand cotton have had no variation.","Scope and Contents Reports articles sent by wagon, discusses prices for wheat; refers to death of grandmother Sarah Macon Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Discusses mistakes made in his account.","Scope and Contents Has sent cask for cider; appreciates Jerdone's generosity; asks where sale will take place; requests he tell wife that Sally has written; asks for sister's book back if he has finished reading it.","Discusses money received for crops; refers to growth of hogs and corn crops; reports need for enslaved persons; relates going to Richmond around the 15th to put money in bank; if H?t is returned he shall not be whipped.","Scope and Contents Refers to request to keep Jerdone's inheritance at interest and make bond payable to Jerdone; reports has 20 sheep he can spare but they must be sent for soon or they won't be able to travel.","Scope and Contents Has sent 31 hogs; reports also has sent 350 \"weight\" of cotton; refers to inability to spin cotton this year but promises it will be done next; requests shoes for a boy; reports will be going to Richmond to deposit money in bank.","Scope and Contents Discusses last letter and projected time of arrival of goods; refers to peace in Europe.","Scope and Contents Requests one or two bottles of wine.","Scope and Contents Severe economic times; bears account, 1818-1819, of Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports on prospects of sale of wheat and corn; sorry to hear that Jerdone doesn't believe money was put into the bank; explains circumstances.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; reports refusal of Dank to cash check in part in gold; advised son to go to the Farmers Bank.","Refers to an enslaved woman who he is glad was \"sent down as she went off without very little or no cause - she has not done one month's work for the last 3 years\"; discusses crops and prices.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and corn and prices; refers to forwarding of money from sale; other business news.","Scope and Contents Reports to development of cotton, wheat and hogs; refers to prices at market; reports arrangements to repair \"dwelling house\"; other business news; labor shortage.","Box 6-7. 65 items.","Scope and Contents Sorry to hear of illness of family; refers to his own illness; advises a new practice using \"Mercury and camphire\" artificial camphor.","Scope and Contents Reports on offer for sale of wheat; reports on other crops and estimates yield.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; reports on other crops' development and estimates prices; refers to hogs; refers to price of his part of the estate.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent 50 hogs and 300 pounds of cotton; is sorry to hear that Jerdone can't buy his part of the farm; claims advantages would be greater in ownership by one person.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; refers to \"demise of George the Third and of his son the Duke of Kent.\"","Scope and Contents Refers to untrustworthy mail system; reports gloomy prospect for crops; relates problems handling estate; overseers take advantage of her; reports couldn't get bricks for mother's tomb; refers to eye affliction of Cousin; refers to mother's death.","Scope and Contents Consoles brother on illness of his wife; refers to crippled cousin whom she cares for; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge; refers to crops and weather; refers to letters from nephew William .","Scope and Contents Refers to and consoles on death of Jerdone's wife; refers to crippled cousin; fears trouble with the \"black property\" and the \"quarrels of our rulers.\"","Scope and Contents Refers to death of \"your amiable lady\" Mary \"Polly\" Byars Jerdone; reports bad weather and damage done to crops; reports intention to pay largest bond.","Scope and Contents Desires to pay bond; requests a messenger who will bring money to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports amount of payment on bond; refers to quality of crops; refers to lack of correspondence from George Braikenridge .","Scope and Contents Discusses accounts of Charles Thompsonand Mr. Mitchell; refers to death of Jerdone's wife; sorry to hear of Mrs. Isabella Mitchell'sill health; refers to his age and doubts that he will live another year.","Scope and Contents Explains delay of wagon; assures money is ready.","Scope and Contents Refers to loss of goods and wreckage of ship; assures the loss wasn't great and of the security of the debt with them.","Reports on crops and prices received; reports on hogs and number lost by others due to eating mushrooms; enlaved persons need shoes.","Scope and Contents Discusses the assistance of John Lipscomb and Mr. Tyler in the settlement.","Scope and Contents Requests a small amount of money for a short trip he is taking.","Reports on problem with neighbor about property line; refers to health; hired out enslaved persons; better then working for villainous overseers; and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; discusses Doctor'strip to New York and his sale of his Alabama property to Colonel Jones; reports on potato crop and thanks him for offer of apples.","Scope and Contents Reports on business, crops, and prices; reports on family movements and health.","Scope and Contents Has sent 41 hogs; apologizes for not having sent money for the corn sale but has lost pocketbook with money and accounts in it; promises to pay money in bank when family is well enough for him to go to Richmond.","Discusses health; refers to prices of food and scarcity of provisions; refers to problems with the executors of Wm. Mitchell's will; \"in the meantime the Negroes were going about working for those that would give them food\"; relates letter received from Doctor reporting daughter's death; refers to their leaving Virginia; refers to news of Frank and John Jerdone and George Mitchell.","Scope and Contents Reports sending payment for interest on bond; refers to ill-development of crops; refers to war between France and Spain; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports on receiving letter from the Doctorsaying he had sold his estate and referring to death of child; discusses crops.","Scope and Contents Reports has purchased all the interest of the Forge estate; made careful inspection of all court records.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops and hogs; refers to division of property; hopes to stay in house another year.","Scope and Contents Desires to pay bond; plans return to native country for summer; Garland Mitchell will transact business in his James Innes absence.","Scope and Contents Reports bond has been delivered; promises to take letters to friends in England and to inquire of Mr. Braikenridge; sends good wishes.","Scope and Contents Discusses health and Sally's illness; refers to Doctor'sinjured leg; refers to Frank Jerdone and George Mitchell; refers to storm earlier in the week; reports on her health and offers a quarter of veal.","Discusses procurement of goods for enslaved persons; \"I therefore wish to know from you whether I am to get whiskey for Negros in harvest\"; reports on crops and needs for harvest; relates enslaved persons have recovered from the measles and have 53 lambs.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson has come for two months; refers to news of Torn and Doctor; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge through Dr. Honyman; refers to fruit crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of Jerdone's servant Mima; discusses health; reports Sally Thompson left; reports on lack of rain and poor crops; needs new overseer; one she has is \"good for nothing, they will do for one year, after that they are \"indeferent\" indifferent; other family news.","Discusses problems with shipping corn; reports losses from leaking ships; discusses sale of lambs to butcher; discusses cotton; refers to death of an enslaved child and widespread illness; relates Mr. Douglass' desire to build a fence around the Hill Estate; refers to Jerdone's desire for him to quit.","Scope and Contents Reports will be visiting on the 26th of August at an unnamed hour; hopes to be informed by brother before visit.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of last letter; refers to lack of established religion and implies morality is wanting in America; other family news. Including Copy of Autograph Letter Signed to Francis Jerdone, 20 February 1823. Comments on development of trade in Va.; reports lack of ships from Bristol bound for Va.; refers to possibility of war in Europe; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports George has left college Hampden-Sydney because of a falling out with the tutor; \"He means to go to this university as soon as it goes into operation\"; reports Tom is in \"Carraccas\" and Frank has been sick all summer; complains about overseer; reports crops doing poorly; claims \"young Honyman\" is a worthless creature and has been sending accounts to her for money she does not owe.","Scope and Contents Reports on family visits and health; refers to crops and food supplies; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; complains about overseers; reports Charles Thompson has found a new overseer for following year; relates a chair bought for her to ride around the plantation; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports son George will go back to Hampden-Sydney; \"He returns to Hampden-Sydney the 1 of July, he had a trip there about ten days ago, they have an entire set of new teachers so he agreed to go back. I had much rather he was there than at this university there is not the same temptation for extravagance\"; reports news of Doctor Honyman'spoor condition; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson's children are very ill; reports George began class; has not heard from the Doctor; reports overseer seems to be industrious; complains of neighbors stealing her livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports no new cases of small pox; discusses material necessary for \"netting the sain seine\"; gives idea of cost to make netting; discusses crops and weather; reports many newborn children, lambs, and calves.","Discusses health, reports wet weather has delayed planting; complains of enslaved persons stealing her livestock and goods; refers to hired out enslaved person who ran away; other family news.","Needs new cotton machine; discusses health of enslaved persons; has finished seine [?] but it is too short; refers to bad conduct of son's servant; discusses running away of three enslaved persons; complains of ungratefulness; family news; P.S. enslaved persons have returned; promises to be more strict with them as they have become spoiled.","Scope and Contents Informs there is little hope for sister's Isabella Jerdone Mitchell recovery.","Scope and Contents Hopes to share fences at the plantation until next fall because Jerdone's are in such bad condition and he won't be able to fix them during this season.","Scope and Contents Writes to announce and arrange funeral service for her \"mother\"; describes intended service and expresses respect for strength of her \"mother.\"","Scope and Contents Writes to explain he expects corn prices to rise; discusses severe weather of past week; relates other business.","Scope and Contents Reports death of Va. Thompson; reports illness of cousin Garland Thompson; requests for body of child to be interred by grave of the Mitchell's child; reports also illness of George Mitchell at Hampden-Sydney.","Scope and Contents Has wanted to write until corn was beaten and wheat cleaned and measured; reports had waited to get the cotton machines in Richmond because of illness of overseer and son but went recently; didn't receive it as appearance too small; other family news, business and reference to health of the \"Black People.\"","Scope and Contents Sends tombstones for Aunt Isabella Jerdone Mitchell and for his Garland Thompson daughter; includes 7 instructions of how stones should be placed.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not following Jerdone's wishes with the hogs; discusses progress in sale of crops; requests a few more horses to tend the crops better; refers to improvements in farm system; reports on illness in the area.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; hopes to begin fishing soon; refers to fondness of \"the Black People\" to run away and reports some instances; gives count of livestock and tells of loss of mule; reports work done on land and repair of fences; discusses health in area.","Reports on weather and development of crops; refers to health of \"the People\" enslaved persons as in \"better health.\"","Scope and Contents Reports death of George Braikenridge and his Francis Jerdone youngest son, James; refers to weather and other business concerns. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to his nephew, George Weare Braikenridge 1827, concerning account of entire Jerdone family and their doings. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to Garland Thompson 18 September 1827, concerning bond of mortgage held by his Garland Thompson father that he Francis Jerdone would like to settle.","Discusses crops and the effects of the past weather on them; discusses clearing of land for future corn crops; refers to illness of enslaved persons, the people suffer much for want of blankets, in severe instances we have been compelled to furnish them ourselves when sick or they would have suffered very much; reports illness of Mrs. Watkins.","Scope and Contents Discusses improvements done on the estate, especially on the field called \"hell swamp\"; reports on planting, amount of crops and sales; refers to possibility of a Dr. Morris summoning Mr. Jerdone as to why there is no public road through his tract of land.","Scope and Contents Refers to amount lost during drought the previous year; hopes to make estate more profitable through his management; reports on improvements of estate; discusses sale of crops and prices; discusses weather and water supply; discusses health of the Black People.","Scope and Contents Writes of father's George Braikenridge death on January 6, 1827; writes of his father's life; reports on family news; discusses health and business.","Scope and Contents Complains of bad quality of corn; requests he take back the remaining 200 bushels.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; discusses changes in town buildings; gives town news; asks for news of the family in Va.; discusses weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat crop and estimates grain expected; gives report of progress of crops; describes goods sent; refers to health of \"the Black People.\"","Describes work done in the fields and improvements of the estate; discusses planting of crops and weather; refers to the neighbors' crops; discusses health of enslaved persons.","Has sent two barrels of fish; reports on quality of the crops; discusses weather; reports illness among enslavesd persons gives family news.","Expresses pleasure in prospect of Jerdone visiting; refers to progress of crops and weather; reports on rumors of uprising of enslaved persons; refers to many in jail in Norfolk, Gloucester, and Williamsburg; hopes to visit Jerdone in August; discusses health.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and planting; refers to letter from John Lewis; refers to interests in digging gold; doubts the opinions on finding gold.","Scope and Contents Refers to painful boils; reports forced to wait to slaughter hogs because of weather; reports roads poor for visit; refers to crops and harvesting.","Reports on progress of wheel repairing; reports accident of Barbara had which cut her left eye; refers to misconduct of Minny, an enslaved woman.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and killing hogs; reports sent hogs for Stubbs allowance; refers to bother by people fox hunting.","Refers to injury of Barbara's eye; refers to poor business lately; hopes to visit soon; refers to an escaped enslaved person.","Reports on health of enslaved persons and family; refers to weather in terms of crops; reports marriage of two enslaved persons if no objections come from the rest of the family.","Scope and Contents Reports sending cornmeal and hominy; reports filling ice house; refers to health and bad weather; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports progress on carriage body; reports new mill shaft ready to be put in; refers to bad weather and delay in ploughing .","Scope and Contents Reports new mill shaft in and working; reports good weather and condition of crops; asks for $100 for clothes and a \"phial of ink\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports ploughing going well and wheat has mended from frost; returns knife; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to grinding of wheat and corn; apologizes that wheat isn't done but explains it would have required stopping work on dam; refers to water rising; reports that dam work is first priority and cotton will be ginned when dam is finished; hopes weather will continue to be good as he has not begun planting.","Scope and Contents Offers to fix wheelbarrow; refers to not going to courthousefollowing day; reports a F lock of swans which flew over his house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of Aunt Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay; refers to plowing and progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Acknowledges receipt of goods; reports sowing plant patches of vegetables and tobacco; discusses weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses letter sent to John Jerdone; reports crops and progress in ploughing; refers to illness of the Black People.","Scope and Contents Reports fine weather and progress of crops; reports repaired wheelbarrow; refers to mill running well with new shaft; requests cloves and seeds for radishes and lettuce.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather; reports on sending wheelbarrow as well as other things; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done to property; refers to \"syd\" who has been wandering between plantations; reports crops p1anted; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports return of Syd to the plantation; refers to his not whipping him; reports of sowing conditions for the oats; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports working on the road; is not in favor of removing Watkins; reports high waters in the river; refers to sowing oats; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports weather conditions and effects on crops: refers to preacher's visit for dinner as well as Jno. Bronaugh; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on plowing and planting progress; requests $100; inquires after his brother Frank; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports damage done to the dam; reports recommencement of both grinding and sowing; refers to the return of the \"gold-hunters\" but hasn't heard their success rate.","Scope and Contents Discusses wife's illness for which he brought her to Williamsburg to see Dr. Gault Galt; refers to illness of the \"Black People\"; discusses crops and prices; 2 refers to fishing.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather; refers to lagging tobacco prices; refers to attraction of gold mines; other family news.","Discusses wife's poor health and Dr. Gault's gait; low opinion of her recovery; discusses enslaved person illness as well; reports on progress of crops and weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses wife's health and plans to take her \"up the country\"; discusses harvesting, crops, and business; refers to anticipated visit.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Watkins; reports on weather and crops; expresses father's opinion on travel; refers to delivery of crops and preparations; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; refers to rain and rise of water; reports this not sufficient to start grinding; reports on condition of carriage and lists some repairs needed.","Discusses health of himself and enslaved persons; reports wife's death and when funeral will be preached; discusses crops and expected prices; suggests waiting to sell corn until following year to get better price.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done; other family news.","Scope and Contents Has gotten roads passable again; late frost has done no injury to dam; grinding and sawing again; gold hunters.","Scope and Contents Refers to ill health; reports on weather and crop development.","Scope and Contents Thanks father for the veal; reports runaway has returned and received a \"remembrance for his past conduct\"; reports wet weather preventing ploughing the low ground.","Scope and Contents Discusses unfavorable wet weather for ploughing the low lands; discusses crops and suggests waiting to sell corn until following year; advises to sell wheat as soon as possible; refers to tolerable health of the servants but fears a sickly fall.","Scope and Contents Discusses going ashore of boat shipping goods and damage of goods; thankful not to have lost all goods; refers to change in weather.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat by brother William; refers to enclosure of William's letter.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of turkeys and lead; refers to brothers Frank and William's sale of wheat; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; refers to William's letter; other family news.","Scope and Contents Has sent bags of feathers and jug for vinegar; reports water has done no damage to the mill except some swelling of the machinery; refers to visit of next day.","Scope and Contents Reports safe receipt of goods and servants; promises to send servants back to assist with hogs; reports plan to go to Louisa Court following day.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; requests to know when servants are needed for hogs; reports has slaughtered his hogs and were tolerably well.","Scope and Contents Refers to visit with family at Mrs. Smith's; expresses disappointment that brothers Frank and William had not returned; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; reports marriage of son of Captain John Graves; refers to prolonged absence of brothers Williamand Frank; refers to Dr. Macaulay's gold fever; other family news.","Scope and Contents Glad to hear brothers Frank and William are home; reports John Bronaugh has left for Abbingdon Abington, Va.? through Richmond to engage in the mercantile line; reports has stopped grinding because of rain.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of oats; refers to weather and roads preventing travel; refers to wheels repaired and ready to be sent; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on \"real winter weather\"; refers to heavy snowfall.","Scope and Contents Reports on bad weather and health of family; refers to filling ice house; other family news.","Discusses repairs needed at houses; suggests purchasing two enslaved persons to work as carpenters; refers to snow and possibility of injuring crops; describes need for thrashing machine and grinding rocks among others; other family news.","Discusses weather; refers to sale of an enslaved person, named Syd; reports his behavior was unmanageable and he was a poor example to the others; describes conditions of sale; refers to goods sent.","Refers to illness of wife Barbara; expects arrival of George Garrett and Jesse Stubbs after the sale of an enslaved person.","Reports wife Barbara is better; reports on attempt to sell an enslaved person; refers to need of character letter needed for the sale; intends to sell the enslaved person for $500; discusses weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses continued snow; refers to departure of Jesse Stubbs to \"dispose of Syd\"; plans on having cart fixed.","Scope and Contents Discusses health and weather; refers to dining with brother Frank; awaits return of Jesse Stubbs.","Discusses health; reports sale of Syd for $450; surprised at difficulty in selling an enslaved person; refers to purchase by J. Lewis of 280 acres of land in the suburbs of Cincinnati; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to gifts sent and health of family; refers to conditions of sale of Syd; refers to meal, corn and hominy sent down; reports on poor weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; refers to repaired cart wheels; reports river is high from rain and thaw; relates that Syd has been hired out by Mr. Boxley for iron works; plans to plant chestnuts.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to visit to Mrs. Smith; refers to hopes to begin ploughing .","Scope and Contents Discusses attempt to find carpenter to repair houses; suggests patching houses to protect harvest; hopes oysters pleased Jerdone's father; reports have begun ploughing; believes crops look good in relation to amount of bad weather.","Scope and Contents Reports rise of river and damage done to dam and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses in length the repairs needed on dam and the attempts to repair it; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has repaired dam but doubts it will last long; requests plot made of land by Gabriel Long to see where one of the corners of the back line of property is.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; reports on weather and commencement of plowing; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cotton crop; reports has set out all the trees and would like some more; discusses health of family especially Hannah; discusses progress of crops and news on the dam; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to repairing road; discusses moving \"Abb\" from the mill to cook and spin; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent down the cart to receive goods requested; refers to health of family.","Scope and Contents Reports of wife Barbara's health; refers to river rising and damage done; discusses weather and other family news.","Refers to his illness and the treatments he's undergone; refers to difficulty in getting carpenters to repair houses; recommends buying a threshing machine; refers to health of enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family; expresses desire for a visit; refers to peach and cherry blossoms; reports on obtaining a \"marten-pole\" for purple martin house and describes it.","Scope and Contents Refers to wife Barbara's health; reports on weather and crops; refers to timber to be sent to Francis Jerdone; refers to martinhouse raised; reports on river and crops.","Reports on progress in whitewashing; refers to planting of crops; discusses enslaved persons which have been 'lent' to Francis Jerdone and advises he keep them longer; refers to hands hired to work in garden; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports getting goods requested except the pantaloons; reports business is dull.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for spoiled fish; refers to crops; reports rise in river; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to a meeting attended at the Good Hope Meeting House; refers to weather; reports dwindling corn supply.","Scope and Contents Refers to cold spell of weather; reports corn difficult to get; suggests buying it in Fredericksburg which may be cheaper; discusses accounts.","Scope and Contents Promises to work on getting corn; further discussion of improvements on farm.","Scope and Contents Reports has received corn from Fredericksburg; will wait until this is gone before another shipment, expects prices to be lower.","Scope and Contents Reports can spare 16 posts if needed; refers to want of rain; reports has sent corn down; reports frost and cold spring; relates intention of having a regular account of quantity of corn ground kept by Stubbs.","Refers to dry weather; reports low river having effect on grinding; refers to reports of assemblies of Black persons in the woods.","Refers to health of family; refers to health of the enslaved persons; discusses work and repairs needed on farm.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and crops; relates news from brother John; lists goods to buy; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses injury of crops by rain and \"fly\"; refers to damage to the mills by the rain; reports damage to other mills in area and bridges.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in advertisement for overseer.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and illness of the Garland Thompson family; reports has changed his mind and will marry Eliza immediately rather than wait a year.","Scope and Contents Relates stay in Richmond after wedding; explains lateness of hogs because of bad roads and weather; discusses business of crops; refers to a Doctor he would like to avoid traveling with when he comes to visit; refers to weather and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cold weather and health of the family; refers to the visit of Doctor Bohannon ?, friend of Frank's; expresses gratitude for the oysters; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire to court her; signed \"amor vincit omnion .\"","Scope and Contents Discusses the establishment of the Episcopal Church; refers to rivalry between Episcopalian and Methodist factions in town; refers to rumours of cholera spreading toward them; refers to engagement to his sister Sarah Jerdone.","Letter of recommendation for Mr. Robert Myrrick; employs such things as farming ability, handling of Black persons and his deserving \"liberal wages.\"","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Phillip Brooks as overseer. Letter from Jourdon Woolfolk, September 17, 1832. Recommending Phillip Brooks for employmentElliott Dejarnette, Spotsylvania County, 18 September 1832, recommending Phillip Brooks as overseer.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of overseer for one of the two Jerdone plantations.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. Toombs as manager of a plantation.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Henry Randolph as manager of an estate. Including letter from John B. Clopton, 24 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as a manager. Also including letter from John Winship ?, 25 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as manager.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. John Toombs and Mr. Turner Chapman.","Scope and Contents Requests to see estate and business before accepting position of manager.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of estate.","Scope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr. and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia. Recommends Mr. Henry Randolph as manager of Jerdones' estate.","Scope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr.and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate providing there are \"liberal wages.\"","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate; gives some places of previous employment.","Scope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; gives long list of references for recommendations.","Scope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; explains he is not employed now, gives references.","Scope and Contents Receipt of five dollars for blacksmith work done; relays that ten cent change will be returned.","Scope and Contents Discusses his health and that of the family; reports he has sent a gun and four mattresses; refers to several letters from other siblings; makes reference to his seeing \"the second white person\" since William left; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; reports deaths of Mr. or Mrs. Tyler and B. Spicer; relays illness of John Coleman; refers to river being high; discusses business and crops; other family news.","Reports on trip of William and Sarah and their spouses to Washington, Baltimore and Philadelphia; reports on weather and crops; complains bitterly about overseers in general; discusses quality of servants and enslaved persons, hiring of enslaved persons; lists birds seen; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to trip to Richmond of friends when stage broke down; refers to sentencing of murderer; reports on crops; refers to health of business; refers to businessmen starting their businesses again after being in arrears, including \"Levy the Jew\"; refers to \"Negroes selling at a good price\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to brother William's trip to New Kent; reports on crops and planting; other family news.","William Jerdone, Richmond, Virginia. Discusses health; requests that William retain the withdrawal from the bank until a safe time to send it; requests a pair of slippers, a pair of shoes, since he is \"almost crippled with wearing\" those made (?) by Minny, an enslaved person\" and other articles; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and rainfall; discusses crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses destruction of crops by flood; explains brother's losses and repair work that must be done on the mill; discusses his own crops and business; needs new lock for smokehouse - \"some of them have a false key to the door by which they can get in at their pleasure\"; other family news.","Refers to health and loss of crops in floods; reports that Clayton will move enslaved persons from Smithfield because of an outbreak of cholera; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of his family and that of the \"Black People\"; discusses business: crops, prices, and weather.","Discusses health of enslaved persons and livestock; refers to status of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses agreement in proposition to pay $50 for Joe for the next year.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Lists goods needed that he forgot to Include in his letter.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for his loss; encourages him to come visit with his daughter.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy and consolation to Jerdone in the loss of his wife; describes his own wife's illness; refers to death of his daughter, Margaret; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses damage done by rain; refers to planting and crops; reports also some business; discusses fishing and other family news.","Discusses health of family; relates violent incident between an enslaved father and his son; refers to company he has hosted; discusses planting Irish potatoes in the garden; other family news.","Discusses family health; reports status of all crops: wheat, corn, and oats; proposes buying a machine for the grain; reports no horses to spare; reports on livestock and enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Reports difficulty in finding a machine to rent to bring in wheat crop; refers to vessel sent by William Scott which will be loaded the following day.","Scope and Contents Reports on plans to lend servant to Mr. Walton and explains Mr. Walton's son will take him.","Scope and Contents Describes damage done to crops by rain; reports poor quality of crops; discusses some prices for corn.","Scope and Contents Discusses heavy rains and violent weather and damage incurred; discusses difficulty In grinding grain; lists mills damaged; reports poor quality of crops; other business.","Scope and Contents","Describes his daughter; refers to her distress and the sale of her horse and and of an enslaved person; begs Jerdone to buy Philis, her favorite servant, which John N. Moss would then hire back; gives list of the enslaved woman's good qualities; other family news.","Scope and Contents Feels bill of sale for property need not be recorded at Court House since sold to Jerdone; will arrange bill of sale with Clayton Coleman when he arrives.","Scope and Contents Refers to recent sale of property to him William Jerdone and final settlements; sends Phillis over to avoid her being taken by sheriff.","Scope and Contents Proposes means for Mr. John Moss to pay off his debts.","Discusses crops and prices; relates recapture of enslaved person and resistance by one; refers to poor condition of mill and attempts at restoration; refers to sale of horses; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires about matter of \"brother John's man Dabney\" and whether the deed of trust on him is good.","Scope and Contents Informs of the death of his father, Charles Thompson; requests Jerdone to make arrangements; requests presence of Mr. Bower to read service and John Smith and family.","Scope and Contents Requests copy of household property given to Mr. Winston.","Reports settlement on Moss affair; reports enslaved persons will be sold as soon as possible, which is 28th of May.","Scope and Contents Reports health of Maria Clayton; expresses sympathy for Jerdone's tooth \"affliction\"; reports brother John's visit; refers to Jerdone's daughter.","Scope and Contents Refers to advertisement for sale of Moss property.","Feels should sell enslaved persons for cash; expresses sorrow for Mrs. Moss' situation and hopes to visit next Tuesday.","Scope and Contents Reports amount of sale; relates story of his excitement on that day over a man's accusation that he was dishonest; other family news.","Scope and Contents Offers horse if needed; refers to his bad cold; refers to meeting at Court House.","Reports \"carry-all\" has arrived to bring enslaved persons to court; asks if they should leave that day or wait until the next morning.","Suggests that William and John Jerdone might buy Dabney, and enslaved person, from him.","Scope and Contents Reports no need to buy articles for him as he cannot use them.","Scope and Contents Asks him and Mr. Coleman whether they will purchase goods which are listed.","Discusses auction of persons enslaved by Moss and his purchase of one named Dabney; refers to clearing of accounts by Coleman and Thompson; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses attempt to sell Dabney; discusses his health; refers to crops and weather; refers to other business.","Scope and Contents Sends two shoats little weaned pigs; reports visit by sheriff; refers to health.","Scope and Contents Discusses family health; worries that their health is not improving; asks for any left over tomatoes; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports daughter Maria has recovered from her illness; glad to hear of Clayton's safe arrival; other family news.","Scope and Contents Recommends two men for the position of manager of the forge; lists good qualities; also includes fault of one as being \"too easy with the Negroes\"; both have small families.","Scope and Contents Reports loss of his wife; expects to leave position within the year; refers to splitting of estate between William and Francis Jerdone; other business.","Scope and Contents Explains his reasons for having advertised for a manager on his brother's behalf.","Scope and Contents Explains that he can't move West at a later time; proposes he stay on until following crop; family will be smaller; discusses wages.","Refers to completion of list of stock and enslaved persons for the forge and estate in Charles City; refers to move West; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Notifies that bond for Joe's hire has been sent though \"it is not customary for me to send funds by Negroes\"; requests notice of receipt.","Scope and Contents Writes that he's in solitary confinement and begs Jerdone to come and see him; requests his wife come, too.","Scope and Contents Reports went to courthouse in reference to sundry cases and the situation of bail; discusses details of legal matters.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep affection for William Jerdone; refers to the slanderous remarks about her treatment of her niece which she hopes will be recognized as false.","Scope and Contents Refers to process of acknowledgement of property by new owners; reports on crops and prices; refers to travels by Clayton Coleman; refers to plans of various individuals to move to Alabama and Arkansas; refers to accident of Tom Mitchell's brother, William; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to efforts to construct a smokehouse and details of construction; refers to how long he will stay; discusses crops, prices, and business.","Scope and Contents Expresses disappointment in not having seen William on his trip; encourages him to write while he's away; refers to business.","Scope and Contents Not surprised at disappointment over sawyers and carpenters; refers to disagreement between William and brother Frank over division of estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Refers to construction work Jerdone plans on having done; expresses great interest in taking on job.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family, weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; relates story of death of \"Dick Luck\"; refers to severe cold; discusses business and work done on the estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses disagreement in building a log house; feels It is not worth his time; relates details of contract.","Scope and Contents Reports weather and crops; expresses approval on course of action against W. Shell; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains his delay because of the weather; promises to arrive as soon as possible.","Scope and Contents Relates death of his father, Charles Thompson; sends overseer and two hands to dig grave; asks to have location of mother's grave pointed out so father can be buried next to it.","Scope and Contents Discusses plans for approval of estates including appraiser's names, charge and suggestions; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to John Jerdone's appraisal of his estate; discusses livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates death of grandson; refers to John's appraisal; gives advice on livestock and crops; other family news.","Discusses the progress of the appraisal; refers to the appraisal of the \"Hell Swamp\" to settle the debt of William Holt to Sarah Macon Jerdone and Francis Jerdone, Sr.; gives appraisal of enslaved persons; other family news.","Drawn up by Frederick Harris, C. Y. Kimbrough, and Charles Thompson, sent to Francis Jerdone senior.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for his disappointment and refers to plans for him to pick up his things any time.","Refers to discussion with father of dividing the estate; plans to move his share of enslaved persons from Forge; refers to weather and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, Improvements on estate, sales.","Reports on corn crop and attempts to sell it; refers to cotton; refers to well-being of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Thanks him for the watermelons; proposes going to Richmond together.","Discusses business: delivery of crops, prices, health of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: begin to make bricks, crops, prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs him of the health of Phillis .","Scope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, picking cotton, and delivering corn; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, crops, livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, sales; other family news.","Scope and Contents Agrees to price for 8 servant's hire for coming year.","Discusses damages of an enslaved person; refers to brother's new daughter; refers to health; discusses crops; other family news.","Refers to high price of hogs; relates idea of buying offal such as heads and chine of hogs and feeding enslaved persons with it; refers to railroads; reports birth of a daughter; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to John's purchase of hogs; refers to John's filling his ice house; lists goods desired from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to pork he bought; reports illness of family prevents him from visiting; other family news.","Scope and Contents Thanks for the oysters; refers to health of family; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Describes health; refers to crop prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses family's health; refers to weather; refers to bond of Charles Thompson; other family news.","Discusses family health; refers to weather; reports operation of railroad and its route; discusses reasons for high price for enslaved persons; refers to smallpox outbreak; other family news.","Refers to Maria's accident and death of enslaved persons; reports on crops; other family news.","Reports on death and illness of enslaved persons; refers to health of family; reports on crops and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports death of sister Mary Jerdone Toler and funeral arrangements.","Refers to William's loss of enslaved persons; reports death of aunt Mary Jerdone Pottie Toler and arrangements for burial; discusses weather; reports on crops and animals; other family news.","Refers to John's gift to his brothers of two homesick enslaved persons; reports on weather and slow progress of fruit; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"Hilpik\"s Helpit? death; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Relates condition of crops; has been cutting grain; refers to death of a mule; refers to health of enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Refers to brother Frank's poor health; reports began cutting oats; other family news.","Informs him William Jerdone that he intends to quit; outlines terms for his leaving; reports on health of enslaved persons and condition of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of Maria Jerdone; refers to Maria Coleman's affliction of worms; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn and other business; refers to daughter Maria's health; other business news.","Scope and Contents Introduces himself and applies to become manager of estate.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; reports on crops and shortage of hands to son; refers to sale of his possessions; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; speaks of crops and business; requests certain goods from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Explains how debt owed to him and Sarah Macon Jerdone by William Holtwas was settled; refers to weather; requests goods from Richmond; birds; doubts insurrection of enslaved persons, but public must be on its guard; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in hiring a blacksmith from Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Requests him to do various errands for him while in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Refers to arrangements while he William is in Richmond and errands to do; discusses game birds, passenger pigeons and crops.","Remarks on weather and crops; reports on John Jerdone's family; reports on illness of an enslaved person and describes her treatment; refers to difficulties between U.S. and Canada and fears war; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on wife's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health.","Scope and Contents Expresses gladness that sister's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is better; explains won't be possible to visit at father's house but hopes to see him soon; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to recent railroad accident; relates story of Sandy Whitton who stole an enslaved person and tried to sell him; refers to crops and other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather; expresses disappointment that daughter's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is seriously endangered again; reports large number of pigeons; other family news.","Scope and Contents William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia . Discusses weather and family health; discusses business and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to his health and health of family; refers to weather, crops and birds; reports a recent field fire; relates story of dead cat stuck under floorboards of new addition to the house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Takes opportunity of messenger to send a note.","Scope and Contents Refers to family's health; reports on weather and progress of crops; gets along better without any overseer; requests bale of cotton; other family news.","Refers to family health; reports on weather and progress of crops; acknowledges receipt of bale of cotton; account of the murder of Mr. Thornley, a man in the neighborhood, by one of his enslaved persons; requests errands done for him in Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction that his previous letter was not received and the brown paint he requested turned out to be black upon receipt; refers to weather and strawberries and other garden crops; refers to family health and other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses regret to hear Sarah Jerdone Coleman has relapsed with disease; requests goods from Richmond; requests frequent accounts of Sarah Coleman's health.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; \"I thought at one time all the hoe hands would give out but 6, they appeared to stand very well, those that had flagged I told them to moderate their gate (gait), and in the Heat of day I tell all the Hands to go to the House, give them some whiskey to drink and tell them to refresh themselves for 2 or 3 hours at a time, and give them as much meat as they could eat during the warm weather.. .\"; refers to James Brown coming to look at the Lighter; \"the Old Doctress woman brought Patients home... and said her foot is entirely well, but is very tender... the old woman wanted the $25 very bad, said if she went home without the money her mistress would go crazy - she says if her foot brakes out any more she will coure (cure) it for nothing... she wants to undertake Elva...\"","Scope and Contents Reports couldn't get new \"Iron shaff shaft and chain\" for the machine so fixed old ones; reports on harvest.","Scope and Contents Reports on Jerdone's daughter Maria's health; tells how she can spell words of two syllables; refers to rain which has delayed seeding; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on quality and size of the crops; refers to health and colds and how only three of seven of Mitchell's children turned out well; gives list of goods needed from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to fire at Eagle Tavern and the aid of the snow to prevent further damage; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has received word that the deed has been prepared; plans on coming the 26th to record it.","Scope and Contents Remarks on granddaughter Maria, her health, and letter writing; reports health of son John and family and Billy and illness of old Abram who is 83 and is three months and ten days older then Jerdone; other family news.","Relates story of mistreated, dissatisfied enslaved person, Grandison, who had come for help; claimed mistreatment by ? Weir.","Refers to son Frank's trip to Norfolk by steamboat and back by train; gives listing of enslaved persons' health; Abram has died, Minny is next oldest; Grandison; discusses crops and livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on inquiry into Weir's character; reports he managed matter and has hired Grandison out as blacksmith until William comes.","Scope and Contents Refers to visit by Doctor Garland for \"Miss Jane\"; reports Grandison will continue working until William can see his work; other family news.","Reports on the fowl which have begun to hatch; tells of all the fruits and vegetables which are sprouting in the garden; reports on John Jerdone'sfamily and on William's daughter Maria; two enslaved persons robbed plant patch of tobacco; neighbor and overseer came over and argued with enslaved persons for over an hour; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses whether to send \"the Bull\" down to the ironworks and enter into any sort of bargain; reports receipt of goods; reports on progress of crops; refers to destruction of wheat by \"the Fly\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses anticipation of forthcoming visit; reports on health of daughter Maria; expresses gratitude for Jerdone's help; other family news. Including Autograph Note Signed from Maria C. Jerdone to her father, William Jerdone, New Kent Court House, Virginia, concerning her health, reminder of messages from \"Aunt Sinthy,\" and her desire to see her father.","Scope and Contents Expresses gladness at safe return home; reports an improving health of son John, who is recovering from the dysentery; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports the health of the family and describes the illness that afflicts them; reports illness in town which has resulted in closing the school; refers to the failing health of their father Francis Jerdone, Sr.","Scope and Contents Expresses disappointment in failure to sell corn crop; reports on health of family and hands; reports on chores he intends to complete; refers to receipt of \"Lighter\" boat and putting it up; other family news.","Scope and Contents Note of purchase of $1136.85 for corn.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold wheat for $120 per busheland gives terms of sale; reports this is the highest sale of \"red wheat\" for some time; reports also sale of corn at 62 1/2 cents; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports damage done to mill by severe weather; reports on crops and harvest; expresses sorrow for William's loss of crops and damage done to farm; refers to killing owls; comments on \"lawless people\" called fox hunters; and other idle people who have overkilled the partridges and wild turkeys; refers to absence of these birds; other family news. Letter contains a copy of Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone concerning health of Jerdone's daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports on cold weather; refers to progress of harvesting and processing crops; requests errands to be done when William is in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and the getting of ice for the \"Pitt\" ; reports on the crops and how much they harvested; taming of owls; refers information on William's daughter, Maria, to John Coleman as he has not seen her; other family news.","iRefers to Illness among the enslaved persons; refers to injury of \"Joe, the smith's\" hand; reports seeing three [?Martins] and comments on the lateness for this; refers to United States-Great Britian conflict over Northeast boundary; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains delay because of receipt of white pine lumber; describes different ways of setting up an account with their company. Also Includes receipt for $18.75 from William Jerdone to Webb, Booker, and Hamilton, Richmond; June 20, 1840.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow to hear father Francis Jerdone, Sr. has become weaker; promises to spend more time with him; explains why he hasn't in the past as the inconvenience it causes him father; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates having gone to see the train pass; reports on crops and fowl; gives list of goods desired; refers to business of land; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes latest developments on plantation; reports weather and damage done to crops; refers to his recent illness; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops, livestock, weather and business; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses intent to settle the account with William Coleman, MAG Coleman and John G. B. Coleman; proposes several times and days to meet to settle.","Scope and Contents Discusses family health and crops; lists goods needed from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses concern over overseers' health; fears he may have to seed wheat; hopes Mr. Coleman's delay is not \"occasioned by any sickness\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on wheat sowing; hopes to finish by mid-November; expresses wife Barbara's desire to go to Richmond with William; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to sickness In area; refers to weather and crops; refers to voting In election for Harrison; other family news.","Reports on illness of a Black boy boy; expresses disappointment of not seeing William before the snow and regrets his inability to visit; discusses crops and hogs; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports death of his riding horse and asks to borrow one; requests he pay account for him on his trip; reports on size of corn crop; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to brother John's farm and crops, also the inefficiency of his overseer; requests bacon for both the white family and some for the enslaved; other family news. Includes note from Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone January 3, 1841 concerning health of his daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; reports story of man being swept downriver; refers to \"earthquake\" which he believes was a meteor; refers to crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports wheat has been delivered; gives weight and price.","Scope and Contents Relates health of family; discusses receipt of payment from bond with John Holladay; refers to bond with Mr. Ward; discusses other business; other family news.","Scope and Contents Requests William to purchase The History of the War of American Independence,Translated from the Italian by James Otis while in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of the \"hands\"; gives day by day account of planting progress and upkeep of farm from the 10th to the 20th; refers to illness of \"the old man\" Francis Jerdone, Sr.].","Scope and Contents Expresses grief at news of father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] illness; explains he can't come visit because of an injured ankle; expresses hope God will spare his father until he can visit; laments misfortune at not being at his father's side during his illness.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of the servants; gives report on weather and crops; reports on livestock and upkeep of farm; gives prices and amount of crops harvested; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter sent to Mr. Anderson of Williamsburg relating death of father Francis Jerdone Sr.]; refers to items of the estate which he had borrowed; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs Jerdone that he has a farm he is willing to sell if Jerdone is interested.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and weather; gives day by day schedule of planting, seeding, and weather; gives expectation of size of crops; also prices for crops sold; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires after health of Maria Jerdone]and William; sends articles for Maria; inquires time brother Clayton Coleman]will arrive; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that brother-in-law] Frank Jerdone]has advised his wife not to sign over the deed to Coleman; angry as this was in place of his part of the estate; explains his feelings.","Scope and Contents Extends thanks for the cherries; speaks of the family's health; hopes for a visit from William] soon; corrects him that Louisa Court day is not for another week; other family news.","Scope and Contents Advises on the health of Maria Jerdone]during her recovery; advises cold shower baths through November; extends thanks for the cherries.","Scope and Contents Expresses pleasure that Maria's fever has left and believes there is no inflammation of lungs; sends crackers for Maria; reports intention to visit.","Scope and Contents 2 pages Autograph Letter Signed. Reports Maria's Jerdone]health has improved but cannot begin baths because of the cold wet weather; refers to stomach and bowel disorders with the servants; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for letter and candy; requests a visit to see Maria.","Scope and Contents Reports his illness and the effect it had on his getting this done; refers to progress of crops; refers to illness of servants; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of payment for corn to agent in Richmond; gives introduction of Jerdone to pick up payment; suggests he obtain a \"regular\" introduction as precaution against this letter being obtained by an imposter.","Scope and Contents Reports of the sickness of the family; reports on health of Maria Jerdone]; refers to amount of wheat he has sowed; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates weather and his trip to Fredericksburg; reports prices for wheat and bacon there; refers to family's improved health; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes affliction of whooping cough of Maria, Leonora and Willie O.; refers to a fighting incident at Mrs. Nelson Moss; reports on crops and weather; other family news.","Describes children's affliction of whooping cough; refers to hiring of enslaved persons; Grandison not willing to go over the mountains again; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to writ tax which is due; refers to bonds given to Heterick for Miller; requests six dollars sent to him as uncertain when they will see each other again.","Reports on health of the \"people\" enslaved persons; expects to finish ditches this week; has hung up meat; other business news.","Scope and Contents Gives report of progress on the farm; reports on health of servants; refers to completion of the ditches; refers to ploughing and hauling manure; other family news.","Discusses health of family; 5 Black children died of whooping cough; refers to weather; reports on packing and moving Francis Jerdone's things from the \"old house;\" other family news. Also includes document of letter to Mr. Adams from Francis Jerdone, May ?], describing health of the family, discussing weather, requesting Adams to give funeral service over enslaved persons, other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to notice of sale of \"Mount Sterling\"; inquiries of the quality of the timber and terms of sale.","Scope and Contents Reports on unloading ship; includes statement of sales; reports on health and other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on business transactions for sale of wheat; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire for him to visit; refers to Willie O. who is anxious to go hunting again; refers to nice weather and playing outdoors. Including letter from John Jerdone, Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia], 3 March 1842 concerning weather, preparations for crops and family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow for his \"sunpain\"; refers to box of toys received from Mr. Levy of Fredericksburg; expresses desire for him to visit; other family news. Including John Jerdone, Spottsylvania County, Virginia]to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County], Virginia, 10 March 1842 concerning health of family and servants, farm business and family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on burning land to clear it for planting; reports on condition of land; refers crops and weather; reports on children's health; refers to several fires in the area; reports on settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep feelings for family members; gives account for business for month of March; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for assistance; requests flour, fish, and candles; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on family health and crops; requests lock and hinges for box he is making; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on progress of business; Samuel?] Putney will go into shoe business; gives account for past month; refers to health of family and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family and progress of crops; refers to errands done for him in Richmond and work being done on the estate; considers purchasing a threshing machine Parker's]; other family news.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not having written with Uncle John Jerdone's] letter; requests a long comb and a \"bose\" of eyes and hooks, also pink \"riband\" ; reports Willie O. got a new gun.","Scope and Contents Refers to sister's wish for copy of portrait of father; recommends Mr. James Westhall] Fordas a portrait painter; inquires if Francis Jerdone would like a copy of portrait of father; \"It will cost from forty to forty-five dollars which is upwards of an hundred dollars less then your brother paid Sully\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses her health; refers to Jerdone's headaches; recommends remedy for them which she outlines; reports recommendation for a farm for sale if still interested; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and progress of crops; refers to erecting their father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] tomb; refers to poor state of the gravesite; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler]; reports beginning of \"thrashing machine\"; requests either \"Smith's or Olneys geography and atlas\"; other family news. Includes letter Signed from Jno. Jerdone Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to his brother, William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling\", Charles City County], Virginia, dated 20 August 1842. Reports on broken threshing] machine and describes how it's broken; refers to William Jerdone's loss of cattle; describes how to cure particular ailment of the cattle; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to ill-health of Mrs. Moss; reports on weather and progress of crops; reports on work being done on the estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports the death of Mary] Moss; explains delay of last letter; reports work done on estate including enclosure built around father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] gravesite; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports health of family; expresses concern in not having received a letter from him William] in three weeks; reports progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Letter Signed. Concerning sale of corn; bears account of William Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to Willie O's new pigeon box and his bird hunting; refers to Dr. Garland's return from Missouri and lack of visits; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of family; refers to \"unworkmanlike Job\" done by Howard and refers to action taken against him; refers to routine plantation chores; reports on loss of horse and describes how it happened; mentions worthless overseer; requests William Jerdone to settle account disagreement with agent in Richmond; other family news.","Requests payment from him [William Jerdone] for bonnets repaired for Mary Moss; refers to death of Mary Moss and welfare of her children.","Reports on health and weather; reports on progress of fence; refers to attempts to get ice; refers to behavior of enslaved persons, insolence of Jimmy and its settlement by giving him a correction; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for things sent; refers to Willie O's pigeons; requests two pigeons when he comes to visit; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports family health; refers to oats crop; makes plans for trip to Gordonsville to meet each other; questions necessity of his role in settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports discovery of marl on south boundary of Jerdone land; requests permission to use the marl he has found and any he may find. Letter from Richard Tucker, New Kent County, Virginia]to William] Jerdone dated 27 April 1843 concerning developments and progress of crops.","Scope and Contents Offers to present bond against Charle]s Thompson at Hanover Cour]t House; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on Maria's health; refers to sale of tobacco; relates experiences in court including accounts of fines levied against him and denial of an appeal; reports damage done by locusts; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to cold weather and small crops; requests William Jerdone settle John Jerdone's account in Richmond; refers to Charles Thompson's bond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on progress of crops; refers to return of runaway, attributing it to fear of discovery and having been shot at; reports William Walker's death; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to visits from various people; reports on Dr. Gardner's intended move to Missouri; refers to traveling salesman of mules and horses who came into town; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports lack of news from John Moss; refers to work on overseer's house; reports cat caught another pigeon; refers to Willie O. going to school; other family news.","Refers to Maria's health; reports on schedule of sowing and progress of crops; refers to decision not to sell mutton, but to use it for the enslaved; refers to fixing-up of overseer's house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on corn crop; refers to suit pending against estate of Jno. Hart; refers to other debts owed him John Jerdone]; Grandison given note to look out for a situation for next year; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains who pays commission to sheriff when he collects a debt; reports death of John Moss.","Scope and Contents Reports buying of hogs; refers to trapping of partridges; other family news.","Reports on health of enslaved persons; refers to weather and plowing; refers to difficulty in getting cotton; other plantation news.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness at plantation; refers to plowing; reports on cloth woven; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on planting of crops; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports on work on fence; refers to making of clothes; reports on planting; other news.","Reports on planting; refers to fire on plantation; refers to enslaved persons who escaped captivity; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports progress of crops and sales; refers to timber cut; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports family health; refers to wife] Eliza's trip \"down the country\"; refers to weather and progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of the family; has discharged ?] Reynolds overseer?]; advises to accept proposal; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Dr. Price's proposal; reports on health and crops; refers to dismissal of overseer and applicants for openings; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to payment from Dr. Price; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses possibility of instituting new suit against Price.","Scope and Contents Requests William Jerdone settle account for him in Richmond; requests he take care of other errands for him; refers to weather; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports having hired two men to Major Snead for $80 each.","Discusses paying debt with two enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Letter. Reports delivering men to Mr. Hall in Richmond; reports on repairing fence; refers to livestock; other news.","enDeclines offer of enslaved persons to pay debt; requests interest in spring; explains reluctance to 'own' any more slaved persons; states that the number of persons he enslaves \"has increased so fast that in addition to what I hire out up in the county I am obliged to dispose of some in the same way from my Farm in Charle]s Cityas I have more than I can profitably employ there.\"","Scope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing; refers to livestock; reports filling ice house; other news.","Scope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing and seeding; refers to slaughtering livestock and sale of meat; refers to sale of mule; reports progress of crops; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for things sent her; intends to do her lessons every day; requests him to look for a school for her to attend; expresses great desire to go to school; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to trip from Richmond on train; reports weather and crop; refers to discovery of lice on horses; describes treatment for delousing; other family news.","Scope and Contents Praises Anna E. V. Burfitt as a good friend; discusses her difficulty in transition to Oswego; requests her Anna E. V. Burfitt] to visit; complains of Methodist preachers not being all the same; requests advice on books to read.","Scope and Contents Advise on male interests; reports on local gossip; discusses desire to move to Virginia as teacher.","Scope and Contents Reports on children and health of family; relates progress of crops; refers to court case against Hart, Collins; other family news.","Scope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Report on crops; refers to fish caught; other news.","Scope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Reports on progress of crops and weather; refers to shearing sheep, hatching of turkeys and other references to livestock; refers to selection of school for Maria; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports can give bond \"with everything requisite to your safety\".","Scope and Contents Writes from school; expresses happiness and comfort; refers to sores almost healed; reports visit to St. James's Church and seeing organ; looks forward to his visit; refers to General Jackson's death; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Maria's entrance in school; refers to progress of crops and sale of tobacco; refers to \"railroad meeting\" and decision of a 3% dividend to be paid; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of corn; states prices of wheat.","Refers to Maria at school; intention to sell \"a parcel of Negroes\" as he [John Jerdone] is \"entirely overstocked with them\"; reports on weather, crops and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports visit by Mary and her parents; refers to case of scarlet fever; reports visit to \"caravan\" to see wild animals; other family news. Includes N by ?] Mead to William Jerdone, reporting case of fever is better; Maria is well and a good scholar.","Scope and Contents Request for payment of bill for bacon, etc. so he can pay his taxes.","Scope and Contents Reports filling of ice house; discusses crops and prices; has received letter from Chapman Johnson referring to judgment in his case against Allison and Watt; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy to Anna for an unknown occurrence; reports latest letter from Eliza Merrill and expresses sympathy for the loss of her brother; remarks on dearness of Anna as a friend; reports on her own brother, Dan.","Describes recent snowstorm and general weather; refers to a scarcity of food for [live]stock; death of Rosetta, an enslaved person; refers to crops and large number of crows; other family news.\n3 pages. Copy of Autograph Letter Signed.","Complains of a lack of anyone in his employment in the tanyard or shoe shop whom he can trust; refers to crops and prices; bad snowstorm; reports sale of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates school children's interest in her Anna Burfitt]; anticipates Mr. Coleman's visit; refers to other social incidents.","Scope and Contents Refers to Maria's case of measles; reports children Willie O. and Leonora are attending school; refers to Uncle Toby's school being full; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"happiness\" in \"mutually edifying\" correspondence; reports cats trick of climbing into pigeon house and killing pigeons; refers to new born livestock; other family news.","Reports on development of crops; saving of 100 sheep from drowning by hands swimming in and bringing them out one at a time; refers to group of men sentenced to the penitentiary for unspecified crimes; refers to jailing of 8 enslaved persons for \"insurrectionary proceedings\"; \"I have understood that it was a very extensive plot... many whites it is supposed concerned in the business...\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains delay in answer of letter; consoles her Anna Burfitt] on loss of her sister; brother's account of Mexican War; relates other family feeling and social incidents.","Scope and Contents Reports attending church twice previous days; refers to expectation of frocks; reports attending one dancing lesson; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes the scene she is in as she writes letter; refers to Mr. Jerdone visiting her Anna Burfitt]; relates Plans to meet her in Richmond; other social news.","Scope and Contents Describes trip to Richmond and misfortune of losing her trunk; expresses disappointment in not visiting Louisa County; other social news.","Reports plans to visit soon; refers to health of family; reports C. G. Coleman's loss of two enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents 4 Autograph Letter. Incomplete. Remarks upon \"drudgery of teaching\"; advises Anna Burfitt on how to schedule her classes and gives her schedule; her failed attempts to make friends in the neighborhood; has therefore \"relapsed into the same cold calculating Yankee;\" reports on two new teachers; other social news.","Scope and Contents Incomplete. Speculates on recent notice of sale by Henry Birge and John Wainwright; discusses Mr. Jerdone's intentions; expresses concern over the difference in ages; refers to Mr. Boxley's affections for her Anna Burfitt]; other social news.","Scope and Contents Reports satisfaction with her new frocks; thanks him for the package; accepts hint to darn her stockings.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and effect on crops; comments on Miss Burfitt as Maria's teacher; refers to hogs and prices for crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports painting of pigeon house; lists subjects she is studying; reports recent deaths; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes her recent illness of typhus fever and resulting weakness; advises her Anna Burfitt] on courtship of Mr. Jerdone; other social news.","Scope and Contents Discusses buying price of his William Jerdone] corn.","Scope and Contents Settles buying price for his William Jerdone] corn.","Scope and Contents Refers to engagement of Capt. Fletcher; intends to ship plaster by first vessel.","Scope and Contents Reports measles cases; reports receipt of gifts and food sent; refers to Miss Burfitt; other family news; marriage of Lafayette Riordon to Mary Boxley.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of vessel and loading of articles; reports no herrings available in New Kent.","Scope and Contents Requests good brandy for his sick father.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Refers to her recent depression; refers to Mr. Jerdone and speculates on future; reports on measles outbreak and children's reaction to possibility of contracting disease; refers to receipt of a manuscript copy of The Ravenby Edgar Allan Poe sent from Maine; other social news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Miss Burfitt's opinion on her new bonnet; refers to classes and instruction; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to his William Jerdone] new house; discusses things he'd like to do when he comes home from school; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses settlement for timber cut for William Jerdone by David Crump's men. Includes Autograph Note Signed marking receipt of payment.","Scope and Contents Refers to her illness; discusses plans to visit her Anna Burfitt]; refers to other social incidents.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Describes his travels from Kentucky to New Orleans, towns and country he traveled through in Mississippi and some of the sights he saw.","Scope and Contents Reports health of family; refers to his William Jerdone] business and running plantation; describes visit to New Orleans and southern states; describes 'Mississippi River and great amount of activity and trade taking place; reports land prices for land along Mississippi; describes amount of crops could be grown on land he is looking into; refers to people he has met who are old acquaintances; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to her trip North for the summer; expresses disappointment that she Anna Burfitt Jerdone] won't be going; refers to travel plans and hopes to see her in Richmond; other family news. Also includes Autograph Note Signed from Louise ?] to Anna Burfitt] Jerdone, dated 25 July 1848] concerning Dr. B.'s illness and delay in trip.","Scope and Contents Refers to delinquency in letters; refers to her Anna Burfitt Jerdone] motherhood; reports on winter in the North; refers to sleigh-riding and snowball throwing; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep emotion for friendship with her Anna Burfitt Jerdone]; inquires after son, William; refers to offer of appointment in Shepherdstown, Virginia; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses unhappiness at her new position; discusses plans to take other position with Mr. Winston; describes schoolroom and dormitory; other news.","Reports travel northward.","Reports on commencement activities; requests a letter soon; reports on old acquaintances from school; other news.","Inquires after borrowing $500 for an unspecified reason.","Reports bacon loaded on ship to Mr. J.; heard today we have orders to move to Mulberry Island tomorrow morning; will send more if they don't leave; sends $10 to wife; other references to the goods.","Reports goods sent; explains smaller supply of sugar because of scarcity of all goods.","Includes his instructions from William DuVal acting for Francis Jerdone (1756-1841).","Scope and Contents Describes movements of both Confederate and Union troops on and about his plantation after the Confederate retreat from Yorktown the year before; describes battles of Civil War nearby including battle, 30 June 1862], at his house and damage done; and use of his house in August 1862 as Union Army headquarters; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; reports efforts to settle accounts; refers to attempts to find someone ?] in prison.","Scope and Contents \"The first of April being an Era in our resolution we are making efforts to start fresh from that time;\" remit money owed; bears account, 1863-1864, of William Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports entering money into accounts; advises her to \"be cautious and collect up close and also to look close after your affairs.\"","Scope and Contents Blair having failed, he is pressed for money; requests she pay money owed. Includes invoice, 1861-1863, converted from Confederate funds to U.S. funds.","Scope and Contents Explains no copy of bill to show how account was come to; describes method of settling accounts of Confederate times into current currency; other business news.","Scope and Contents Requests settlement of claim made by Blair and Chamberlayne.","Scope and Contents Expects claim by Blair \u0026 Chamberlayne to be settled now that wheat is in.","Scope and Contents Requests payment of claim; asks three neighbors to determine value of articles now in Richmond and settlement will be fed on that.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of gifts; describes daily newspaper; gives long and detailed description of court proceedings he was involved in.","Scope and Contents Inquires after papers sent; describes state fair and military men he met; describes Texas' position politically toward reconstruction.","Scope and Contents Describes planned treatment of tumor; describes stay at retreat to sick hospital; kindness of Dr. ?] McGuire; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; describes plan to move body home.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; suggests transportation he has available for the family.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for their \"affliction\".","Scope and Contents Reports sales of goods and sends goods ordered; advises against allowing \"cargo to pass into the hands of strangers\"; other business news.","Scope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction with people in general and loneliness; refers to severe weather in Virginia; notes little severe weather in Texas and Galveston recently; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Reports visit of cousins John and William; mother's health precarious; will try to convince her to visit her friends in the \"upper country\" this summer; hopes his family will visit.","Has drawn against his account; wishes to have Mr. Coleman paid for the pork; consoles him in his bereavement.","Requests Jerdone to delay trip until the morning as the man \"who has the fund out of which he is to pay Mr. Jerdone has not yet reached town\"; does not wish Mr. Jerdone to leave town without his money.","Describes Mr. Gillet's teaching: he teaches in Fredericksburg half the week and here the other half; there are 25 boys in school; Edward Pendleton was sent off for not attending Mr. Coleman's Bible class. Including Autograph Note Signed to [Clayton Coleman]from [William Coleman], thinks he will not reply to him.","[Mr. Tucker desires him to respond to his letter; his [William Jerdone's] corn field is in good condition; Dr. Carter says that Patience, and an enslaved person, has rheumatism but she thinks she has been tricked and desires a Black doctor; advises hickory oil as a remedy for rheumatism; Mr. Tucker has kept an accurate account of everything bought for the place.","Visited Mr. Groves and was astonished that they had sold his [Francis Jerdone] barrels of sugar; hopes his clothes will reach him safely; dispatches by the Herriot and goods by the Nissell have been forwarded to him.","Apprehensive over the whereabouts of his [William Jerdone] brother who went to repair the damage to places where gold was been sought caused by the late rain; has sent things which were requested.","Sends two bottles to be filled with wine for a sick person; will return tomorrow.","Since Mr. Norton was not at Hanover Court page torn; recommends sowing wheat seed in a garden near the turnip patch; hopes Hartwell and Billy behave well in his absence; more family news.","All enjoying good health; glad the wheat is sowed; Mr. Lewis is purchasing corn; whooping cough is at old Mrs. Lewis's; expects Hawkins; the doctor has cut his finger badly; sorry to hear how Francis Mitchell \"has been going on\"; the days are now short.","Mr. Lewis killed a beef and does not want any more at present; Mrs. Lewis has got the books they wanted: Simpson' Euclid and Blair's Lectures; other news of Lewis's and Falcons.","Recounts illness; planned to sail from London on the 15th; because of illness has been unable to ride horseback so has purchased a wheeled chaise; Mr. Braikenridge has not arrived in England; has received no letters from his family of a date later than the 13th of November 17]84; wishes to be remembered to family and friends.","Recounts negotiations with William Kimbrough over the corn crop; news of the Lewis's.","Arrived safely and found their things in much the same condition as they left them.","Arrived safely and found things in good order; Mr. Lewis is at home.","Sends weekly news: Joseph Holladay brought 3,000 herrings, the \"backward spring\"; Captain Lewis Holladay had a sale at the tavern of what remained in his store; plans a trip home.","Has not been able to dispose of his horse at the price stipulated; Mr. Anderson will take the horse at $100 if he will warrant him not more than 9 years old.","Asks about her [Anna] mother's health; fears Martha's journey to Lebanon was \"perilous\" because of \"Northern atrocities\"; asks if Mr. Jerdone is alarmed because your residence is so near the scene of action; kiss all the children.","Is glad to renew acquaintance with her; asks for full accounts of her family; sends regards to her. Martha and Mr. Jerdone.","Writes about his delivering Holt's notice in person; thinks he gave the notice to someone else to deliver.","Tells her of her traveling companions on the ride to Summer Hill; believes Mr. Jerdone must be with her in Richmond; describes Christmas activities.","Regrets Mr. Jerdone left before [she ?] reached Richmond; everyone at Summer Hill sings praises of her; mentions the marriage and scandal circulating about John; supposes she is at John Jerdone's now; says she must have had to encounter \"many a sly glance from Mr. Jerdone\"; mentions friends and school; recipes for German town cakes and soda biscuits.","Wishes she could be in Richmond at the Exchange Hotel with her [Anna T. Burfitt] and Mr. Jerdone; describes her reception at Fairfield; thinks the match with Mr. Jerdone is \"first-rate\" despite \"some disparity in years\"; more news of friends and family.","Hopes his father's health will improve; thinks of his [John Jerdone] mother as a friend; sends love to his aunt, sister and brothers.","Suffers from wheezing cough and shortness of breath: cousin has been \"almost laid by with the Rheumatis in her limbs\"; [page torn].","Applies for position of manager; encloses recommendations.","Has made a wadden bonnet for Maria as she is subject to earache; has added silk velvet flowers; will charge Richmond prices.","Will alter Maria's frocks; describes trimmings and fabrics.","Applies for position of manager of plantations in Charles City and New Kent.","Discusses his ideas for settlement of a claim against Major Duval.","Mentions financial transactions and health [page torn].","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness: [Dr. Hunter?] McGutre'sindecision about the case.","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness; [Dr. Hunter] McGuire'scomplaining \"as usual\" of too much to do.","Thanks for the gift.","Married two months; married life; bridal tour; visit to Troy Female Seminary; news of friends there.","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Inquires regarding her mother's health; death of Sarah Macauley.","Shipping tobacco.","Grief at death of wife [Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge].","Boxes 10-12.","Accounts, including estate of Francis Jerdone; includes letter. 1 July 1784 of [J. H. Norton to Francis Jerdone and William] Holt; and account, 1772-1774, concerning guardianship of [Peggy Belsches] Kello .","Accounts, including overseer's account, two small memorandum listing tithes, enslaved perrons and including overseer's agreement, 1779, and account books concerning the estate of Francis Jerdone I.","Accounts, includes overseers wage.","Contains Blacksmith's account dated November 18th 1766; account book March 14, 1783 - March 1790; mill book of Francis Jerdone dated June 15, 1783; notes; and \"an account of timber got to build my house,\" November 17, 1847 - July 13, 1848; possible \"Mt. Sterling\"; account book, 1750, of Francis Jerdone (1721-1771) kept while a merchant at Yorktown, Virginia.","Signed by Jno. Pierce and William Douglass.","Copy of court record of the deed, and opinions of P. V. Daniel and Robert Stanard, attorneys, regarding the legality of the deed. 4 items. Documents Signed.","Includes agreement for 1826 [20 August 1825].","Notes of the late war not contained in reports of the generals, by M. M. Burfitt, at Providence Forge, New Kent County, Virginia Refers to the American Civil War, particularly the Battle of Bethel.","What the big guns eat. An English theme by Miriam Coleman. Written during the European War 1914-1918.","Poetry and pencil sketches by Alexander Jerdone.","School copy book of John Jerdone. 1811. Page of copy book of 26 November 1810.","School copy book of William Jerdone.","Extract of the will of William MacFarland, of London England], leaving his property to his sister, Mrs. Catherine Scott. See medium oversize file.","Course of treatment prescribed by Dr. Mercer for a child with a bad lax.","Letter of recommendation of Robert Myrick as overseer.","Appraisement of the estate of David Thompson.","List of bonds payable to Francis Willis delivered to John Hawkins to be collected by him.","The royal coat of arms appears on this sheet.","Engraving from the London Magazine . 1754.","Murray to Chesters, page 81 mentions Baillie Jeardon father of Francis Jerdone I].","Murray to Chesters, page 121 mentions Mr. Jardon.","Murray to Chesters, page 141 refers to Bailie Jardon.","Murray to Chesters, page 149 refers to Franc Jerdon.","Murray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone's apprenticeship to Neill Buchanan.","Murray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone.","Includes photograph of portrait of John Jerdone, son of Francis Jerdone, 3rd.","Manuscript Volume 1. 134 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches.","Manuscript Volume 2. 146 pages. 8 1/4 x 6 3/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 3. 168 pages. 8 x 7 inches. Volume 1.","Manuscript Volume 4. 154 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches. Volume 2.","Manuscript Volume 5. 44 pages. 10 1/4 x 8 inches.","Manuscript Volume 6. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 280 pages. 16 x 6 1/2 inches. Covered with parchment.","Manuscript Volume 7. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 740 pages. 18 1/2 x 13 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 8. 376 pages. 16 x 7 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W. J. Barrow. Jerdone's predecessor as factor for Buchanan and Hamilton was William Johnston. Jerdone evidently came to Virginia to replace Johnston in September 1740.","Manuscript Volume 9. 268 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/2 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W.J. Barrow. Also includes a record of tobacco shipped prior to 1759.","anuscript Volume 11. 256 pages. 19 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 12. 10 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 13. 368 pages. 13 x 8 1/2 inches. Volume 1 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery.","Manuscript Volume 14. 64 pages. 12 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Volume 2 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery, and also some poetry and recipes.","Manuscript Volume15. 3 3/4 x 6 inches. First leaf contains note of payment of tuition at the College of William and Mary for his son John, a student there.","Invoice book, ledger and a partial ledger. Msv 22, 23, 24.","Invoice book of Francis Jerdone of Hanover County, Yorktown and Louisa County. 15 7/8 x 6 1/4. 179 pages.","Ledger of Francis Jerdone. King and Queen County (see index). 14 3/4 x 9 1/8 inches. 259 pages.","Index to Ledger B which is not included with this collection. 15 x 9 1/3. 30 pages.","Manuscript Volume 16. 235 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Correspondents include John Anderson, John Backhouse, Messrs Barlow, Wigginton, Francis \u0026 Holland of London, England, James Bowles, Messrs. Clay \u0026 Miogley of Liverpool, England, Nisbett, Darby, William Gibson, Samuel Gist, Messrs. Hanson, Clark \u0026 Co. of London, England, Henry Holland, Richard Humphreys, Mrs. Dorothy Jordan, John Morton Jordan, John Morton Jordan \u0026 Co. of London, England, Thomas Jarvis, William Lee, Dr. Michael McNemara, Messrs. McNemara \u0026 Jennings, Robert Maxwell, Thomas Oswala, William Perkins, Perkins, Buchanan \u0026 Brown of London, England, William Quinny, Stevenson, Randolph \u0026 Co. of Bristol, Messrs. Talte, Alexander \u0026 Co. of London, England, Mrs. Francis Ward, Thomas Ward, Messrs. Willimott, Brooks, \u0026 Lafant, and Messrs. Willson \u0026 R. Mollison of London, England. For other information concerning J. M. Morton \u0026 Company and on Perkins, Buchanan and Brown see the Thomas Adams Papers in the Virginia Historical Society.","Manuscript Volume 17. 13 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 18. 54 pages. 12 1/4 x 8 inches. Also includes sketches written by William M. Jerdone at Virginia Military Institute, 1870-1871.","Manuscript Volume 19. 166 pages. 14 x 8 3/4 inches. Diary of William Jerdone, 1861-1862; and diary of William M. Jerdone, 1863-1867. Diaries concern agriculture, preparation for war, home front, managing enslaved persons, reconstruction, and military defenses at Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown.","Manuscript Volume 20. 126 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 21. Book contains farm records, records of doctors' visits, records of produce and animals stolen, hiring of a free black person, record of enslaved persons working on public defenses at Jamestown and the beginning of a diary continued in MsV. 19 of William M. Jerdone, Jr.","Boxes: 17-19","2 items. 5 1/2\" high.","4\" high.","3 1/2\" high.","3 3/4\" high. See descriptive note attached.","3 items. 3-6 1/2\" high.","Manuscript. Penciled genealogy chart showing ancestry of Francis and Sarah Macon] Jerdone down through their descendants to the Colemans.","Photocopies.","2 pages. Photostat of draft of Document. Argues in behalf of her sons Francis and John who are in England and their land in Virginia is found by inquest to be subject to escheat and forfeiture under the last Act of Assembly concerning escheats and forfeitures from British subjects.","3 pages. Copy.","2 pages. Copy.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 J47","/repositories/2/resources/8768"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerdone Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerdone Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jerdone Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 1,784 items. Purchased: 389 items, 04/24/1939.Purchased: 407 items, 01/29/1940.Gift: 34 items, 07/10/1963.Gift: 16 items, 12/09/1964.Acc. No. 76-4; Gift: 5 items, 02/01/1976.Gift: 3 items, 10/01/1976.Gift: 1 items, 11/01/1976.Acc. No. 77-30; Gift: 1 items, 10/01/1977.Acc. No. 78-6; Purchased: 19 items, 01/01/1978.Acc. No. 83-64; Gift: 1 items, 12/01/1983.Acc. No. 84-26; Gift: 3 items, 04/01/1984.Acc. No. Sm. Coll. Add. 17; 4 items. Acc. No. 97-45; Purchased: 3 items, 08/07/1997.Acc. No. 98.7; Gift: 2 items, 03/06/1998. For further information please contact Special Collections Research Center staff."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--Slavery","Account books","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Legal documents","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--Slavery","Account books","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.70 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9.70 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records"],"date_range_isim":[1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into 8 series. Series 1 contains letters; Series 2 contains accounts; Series 3 contains inventories; Series 4 contains legal papers; Series 5 contains miscellaneous material; Series 6 contains manuscript volumes; Series 7 contains artifacts; Series 8 contains additions and accessions to the collection. Series 1 is arranged chronologically by date and separated into subseries by individual year. The remaining series are primarily arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccessions 1998.7 and 1997.45 were not combined with the original accession and are boxed separately.  Acc. 1976.04 is shelved in the Small Collection as Addition 17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 14-16 of Series 6 are arranged alphabetically by individual's last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into 8 series. Series 1 contains letters; Series 2 contains accounts; Series 3 contains inventories; Series 4 contains legal papers; Series 5 contains miscellaneous material; Series 6 contains manuscript volumes; Series 7 contains artifacts; Series 8 contains additions and accessions to the collection. Series 1 is arranged chronologically by date and separated into subseries by individual year. The remaining series are primarily arranged chronologically by date.","Accessions 1998.7 and 1997.45 were not combined with the original accession and are boxed separately.  Acc. 1976.04 is shelved in the Small Collection as Addition 17.","Boxes 14-16 of Series 6 are arranged alphabetically by individual's last name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis Jerdone (1721-1771) was born in Jedbury, Scotland in 1721, the son of John Jerdone, a magistrate and treasurer. At the age of nineteen, in 1752, he immigrated to Virginia and settled in Hanover County, Yorktown, and Louisa County. He made his living as a merchant running a mercantile business. In the 1730's, Glasgow merchants began sending factors to live in Virginia to buy tobacco and sell goods. Francis Jerdone (1721-1777) married Sarah (Macon) Jerdone (1732-1818) in 1753. The couple had several children including; Mary Jerdone Pottie (1754-1837); Francis Jerdone (1756-1841); Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge (1757-1793); Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay (1759-1830); Isabella Jerdone Mitchell (1761-1825); Anne Jerdone Thompson (1763-1794); John Jerdone (1764-1786); Martha Jerdone (b. 1767) who died in infancy; and William Jerdone (1769-1772). Francis Jerdone died in 1771.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis Jerdone (1721-1771) was born in Jedbury, Scotland in 1721, the son of John Jerdone, a magistrate and treasurer. At the age of nineteen, in 1752, he immigrated to Virginia and settled in Hanover County, Yorktown, and Louisa County. He made his living as a merchant running a mercantile business. In the 1730's, Glasgow merchants began sending factors to live in Virginia to buy tobacco and sell goods. Francis Jerdone (1721-1777) married Sarah (Macon) Jerdone (1732-1818) in 1753. The couple had several children including; Mary Jerdone Pottie (1754-1837); Francis Jerdone (1756-1841); Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge (1757-1793); Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay (1759-1830); Isabella Jerdone Mitchell (1761-1825); Anne Jerdone Thompson (1763-1794); John Jerdone (1764-1786); Martha Jerdone (b. 1767) who died in infancy; and William Jerdone (1769-1772). Francis Jerdone died in 1771."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal Accession and additions physically and intellectually combined in 2009. When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["Original Accession and additions physically and intellectually combined in 2009. When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerdone Family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William and Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jerdone Family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William and Mary Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the library belonging to Francis Jerdone is located in the Special Collections Rare Books Department, Swem Library, William and Mary. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Colonial Williamsburg has five items that may prove useful to researchers. They are listed as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Francis Jerdone Collection, Colonial Williamsburg Research Library, Colonial Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia. Account Book, 1751-1752.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Cargo Waste Book, 1748-1749.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Deed, from the heirs of Thomas Martin to Francis Jerdone for one thousand acres of land in Louisa (formerly Hanover) County, Virginia, 24 March 1752.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Letter from Norfolk, [Virginia], to Francis Jerdone, Mitchel's Store, Louisa County, [Virginia], 1809 January 26.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Letter from Hampton, Virginia, to uncle Francis Jerdone[?], 1803 September 29.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Library of Virginia have multiple items that relate to Francis Jerdone and the Jerdone Family. The items listed below are an example of some of the larger collections being held at this institution, and is not meant to be a comprehensive listing. For more information see the Library of Virginia homepage: http://www.lva.lib.va.us/ or search the archives and manuscripts at the Library of Virginia: http://eagle.vsla.edu/bible/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Personal Papers Collection. Accession 20939. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Balance book, 1750-1787.Items are available as photostats (negative). This collection includes a typescript copy of a record of balances of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, Virginia, as attorney for Buchanan and Hamilton, Merchants, of London, dated 31 December 1750, as well as estate accounts of George Pottie, dated from 1764-1787, and notations of their settlement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822. Accession 21466. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822.Items are available as photostats (negative). Papers, 1783-1822, of Francis Jerdone (1756-1841) of Louisa County, Virginia, consisting of correspondence from Dr. Robert B. Honeyman (1752-1822) of Hanover County, Virginia, concerning the health and medical treatment of Jerdone's family and enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873. Accession 20415. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873.Miscellaneous reel 647Items are available in microform format. This accession includes a typescript of the accounts of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, with a number of individuals. There is also a birth register for enslaved persons, a tax list, and crop accounts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866. Accession 21607. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866.This collection consists of papers, 1762-1866, of the Jerdone family of Louisa, New Kent, Orange and Spotsylvania Counties, Virginia, consisting mainly of correspondence to Francis Jerdone, Jr. (1756-1841), of Louisa County from his sons, relatives, friends, and business partners regarding personal, family, and business matters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jerdone Family Slave Record Book, 1761-1865. Accession 20415. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, Virginia. Slave Record Book, 1761-1865.Item is available as photostats (negative). Record of the slave births from 1761-1865, and the lists of tithables for Albemarle, Louisa, and Spotsylvania Counties for which the Jerdone Family was responsible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Francis Jerdone, Sr. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767. Accession 21659. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767.Item includes entries on business matters, loans, tobacco, and other goods. There are also numerous entries relevant to sales of slaves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Most of the library belonging to Francis Jerdone is located in the Special Collections Rare Books Department, Swem Library, William and Mary. "," Colonial Williamsburg has five items that may prove useful to researchers. They are listed as follows:"," Francis Jerdone Collection, Colonial Williamsburg Research Library, Colonial Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia. Account Book, 1751-1752."," Cargo Waste Book, 1748-1749."," Deed, from the heirs of Thomas Martin to Francis Jerdone for one thousand acres of land in Louisa (formerly Hanover) County, Virginia, 24 March 1752."," Letter from Norfolk, [Virginia], to Francis Jerdone, Mitchel's Store, Louisa County, [Virginia], 1809 January 26."," Letter from Hampton, Virginia, to uncle Francis Jerdone[?], 1803 September 29."," The Library of Virginia have multiple items that relate to Francis Jerdone and the Jerdone Family. The items listed below are an example of some of the larger collections being held at this institution, and is not meant to be a comprehensive listing. For more information see the Library of Virginia homepage: http://www.lva.lib.va.us/ or search the archives and manuscripts at the Library of Virginia: http://eagle.vsla.edu/bible/"," Personal Papers Collection. Accession 20939. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Balance book, 1750-1787.Items are available as photostats (negative). This collection includes a typescript copy of a record of balances of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, Virginia, as attorney for Buchanan and Hamilton, Merchants, of London, dated 31 December 1750, as well as estate accounts of George Pottie, dated from 1764-1787, and notations of their settlement."," Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822. Accession 21466. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Francis Jerdone Papers, 1783-1822.Items are available as photostats (negative). Papers, 1783-1822, of Francis Jerdone (1756-1841) of Louisa County, Virginia, consisting of correspondence from Dr. Robert B. Honeyman (1752-1822) of Hanover County, Virginia, concerning the health and medical treatment of Jerdone's family and enslaved persons."," Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873. Accession 20415. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1749-1873.Miscellaneous reel 647Items are available in microform format. This accession includes a typescript of the accounts of Francis Jerdone of Louisa County, with a number of individuals. There is also a birth register for enslaved persons, a tax list, and crop accounts."," Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866. Accession 21607. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Jerdone Family Papers, 1762-1866.This collection consists of papers, 1762-1866, of the Jerdone family of Louisa, New Kent, Orange and Spotsylvania Counties, Virginia, consisting mainly of correspondence to Francis Jerdone, Jr. (1756-1841), of Louisa County from his sons, relatives, friends, and business partners regarding personal, family, and business matters."," Jerdone Family Slave Record Book, 1761-1865. Accession 20415. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, Virginia. Slave Record Book, 1761-1865.Item is available as photostats (negative). Record of the slave births from 1761-1865, and the lists of tithables for Albemarle, Louisa, and Spotsylvania Counties for which the Jerdone Family was responsible."," Francis Jerdone, Sr. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767. Accession 21659. Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Memorandum and Account Book, 1766-1767.Item includes entries on business matters, loans, tobacco, and other goods. There are also numerous entries relevant to sales of slaves."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Jerdone family, 1753--1890 (bulk 1771-1845): letters, letterbooks, diaries and account books of immigrant Francis Jerdone (1721-1771), a Scottish factor who lived in Hanover County, Yorktown and Louisa County, Virginia, and letters of his wife, Sarah (Macon) Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Most of the collection consists of letters, accounts, and diaries of the next two generations of members of the Jerdone family including Francis Jerdone (1756-1841), planter of Louisa County; his brother John Jerdone (1764-1786); his brother-in-law, Alexander Macaulay of Yorktown, Virginia; and his sons, John Jerdone (b. 1800); Francis Jerdone (b. 1802); and William Jerdone (b. 1805). The letters reflect the daily maintenance of their plantations, \"Jerdone Castle\" [Louisa County, Virginia], \"Providence Forge\" [New Kent County, Virginia], \"Mount Sterling\" [Charles City County, Virginia] and an unnamed plantation in Spotsylvania County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The family were absentee owners of \"Providence Forge\" and \"Mount Sterling\" and the two estates were managed first by a cousin, William Douglass, and later by hired stewards. (Eventually, William Jerdone lived at \"Mount Sterling\" and built a brick mansion there.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subjects covered in the collection include agriculture, the commission merchant business, the daily routine of men, education, farm management by stewards, and various aspects of slavery, including slave insurrections. In addition, there are many letters written to Virginia from Scotland and England.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The papers also contain the letterbook of Thomas Jett, Virginia representative of John Morton Jordan and Co., London, England; items from Perkins, Buchanan and Brown, merchants in London, 1769-1776; and documents, 1769-1799, concerning the lawsuit of Jordan v. Skinker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e An index of names in the papers is shelved with the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e All the additions to the Jerdone Papers are described under \"Other Note\" noted near the end of the page\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jerdone Family Papers, 1623-1957, in Swem Library's microforms area, 12 reels, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L pt.2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Francis Jerdone Account Book, King and Queen County, VA 1746-1757 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 1999\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Francis Jerdone Ledger, King and Queen County, VA 1748-1750 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 2000\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Artifacts listed in Boxes 17, 18, 19 are removed to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection. Papers/letters with these artifacts are in Box 16.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes missing his wife while he is away; explains plans for moving his belongings; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses developments at the mill and filling of pond; refers to outbreak of measles; refers to \"arrival of the London ships;\" other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutograph Letter Signed. Explains his side of debt with Francis Jerdone; claims he doesn't owe as much as was originally stated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on relations in England and Scotland; expresses wish that dispute between mother and daughter be resolved; reports on his studies; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of various accounts he has taken care of for Francis Jerdone: has paid mother's balance, paid \"J. N.\" and brother's schooling bill; money is scarce and has £1100 worth of tobacco unsold; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutograph Letter Signed. Explains that person to whom payment was remitted returned payment; Mr. Clay has arrived in Williamsburg; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1-2. 104 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends list of articles sent by \"Minnie\"; cotton not up yet; has sent cheeses to four people (brothers-in-law?) has been working from \"sunrise to sunset\" and will have to wait until Christmas to see them; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill see Mr. Holt around the 4th of May who will inform Jerdone of the answer given to unspecified business proposition; Douglass has similar view as Jerdone on this proposition; feels hurt by this similar ambition; expects visit from Mr. Pottie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSketches out business affair between himself and Mr. Holt; had wished to send him a saddle but too expensive; having problems with enslaved persons; wishes an overseer; asks Jerdone to keep his eyes open for one enslaved individual; other family news. See also medium oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been anxious of his journey away from Providence Forge; hopes all went well and didn't take any chances; will be sending for the hogs the 19th or 26th.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOysters will be delivered late as an unexpected high tide prevented harvest; received letter from Mr. Pottie; has no hoes or axes and can't make any as has no steel and little iron; P. S. sent sixty hogs with Sam H? had hoped to send more but too big to make the journey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses state of accounts at the estate; encourages him to come to the estate; refers to new \"state of settlement\" and asks for terms; refers to building and improvements planned for estate and other \"private affairs.\" See medium oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to writing to his relatives in Jedburgh, Scotland ; discusses plans for \"building and repairing on the Hill;\" refers to difficulty in finding carpenters, recommends Mr. Vaughan as a possible carpenter, refers to birth of a son; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his recent illness and doctor's advice for his recovery; expresses great happiness at receiving letter from his brother but reproaches him for its shortness; discusses his studies of physics and surgery and his hope to continue when he recovers; reports death of Aunt Jerdone and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to receipt of letter from his brother (Francis Jerdone), the first he's received in five years; reports on his studies in physics and surgery and refers to other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInforms him that his brother is in bad health, has gotten \"best advice\"; was sent to Jedburgh for the good air; suggests sending him to the South of France where he will be able to have a favorable climate and continue his studies;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemembers the times spent together hunting; refers to a Spanish fowling (pistol) sent as a present with Mr. Thomson; hopes to see him again when trade to and from America begins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Outlines four business propositions including terms of payment, etc.; reminds him of promise to send hands to help with brick-making; plans on visiting in the fall and hopes to visit Norfolk as well; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes goods he has bought for Mr. Jerdone; also lists goods bought for Miss Belches, Mrs. Jerdone and Mr. Breckenridge; asks Mr. Jerdone to buy 12 panes of glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to business matters with Mr. Holt; reports Mr. Holt's sale of 50 enslaved individuals, and his visit; relays Holt's ill-feelings toward the suit filed by Jerdone against him; refers to building (on the Hill and its slow progress; gives other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his health; expresses satisfaction in being able to resume his studies; discusses his plans for study; refers to family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very busy, can only write a few words; refers to the personal conflict between the partners of a business involving Mr. Holt (and Mr. Jerdone? ; suggests splitting the business; other family news; P. S. lists business information about hogs, oysters, and supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been saddened by the illness of his two children and the death of his Aunt Jerdone; refers again to the business problems of Mr. Holt; reminds him of needed materials; suggests hiring Black Americans for building; asks advice on a pair of geldings; P.S. has sent oysters and fish and asked Bearer to go to Fredericksburg to gather information on \"Ben\" who was never apprehended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoads have been bad and he is not able to get the iron that Jerdone has ordered; will do Jerdone's order first when he can; Mr. Holt paid a visit with \"his overseer and some Black people\" to bring back 40 hogs and a bull; refers to differences between Mr. Holt and Mr. Jerdone which Mr. Douglass has no patience for; seems to deal with a building of theirs; continues to look for a pair of carriage horses but they are very expensive for their value; refers to a trip Toby took to Fredericksburg to find (a runaway enslaved person but which wasn't successful; comments how lucky people are who do not live near \"such retches\" (enslaved persons ; comments on how closely matched they are as friends; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses invoice for the panels of a carriage; explains that copper panels are out of fashion and these had to be custom made; also explains delays because of manufacturing; recommends the captain of ship and hopes Jerdone will ship tobacco back to him with this captain; promises to sell all the tobacco he consigns him; is obliged for any recommendations of him to Jerdone's friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas received two letters, glad to hear Jerdone's son has returned to studies; glad to hear of their relations in Jedburgh, Scotland and will try to write soon; Mr. Holt is making an effort to pay off his debts and has sold his plantation; doesn't know how to advise Jerdone on these business matters; have had a streak of bad luck including destruction of corn; general sickness of the family causing the death of one enslaved woman and the explosion of the \"old works about the forge;\" still has not found a pair of carriage horses; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his health and the improvement of it; discusses his studies and future plans; refers to local opinion of Americans as being \"In abject poverty;\" refers to family business in Virginia and Mr. Holt's debt; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBettsey has had a fall and has hurt her arm, hopes things will right themselves soon; has sent messenger through Richmond to get any letters from Mr. Douglass; sends affections to all friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas received bill for house, but didn't pay because it is such a large sum; sister Betsey is getting married.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry he was not in Richmond when Jerdone visited, would be obliged if Jerdone would send his tobacco and order his goods from his house; is sure Jerdone will be pleased; has found a carriage that Sarah Macon (Mrs.) Jerdone might like better than the fancy one she just had sent, if Jerdone would like to exchange.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to effort to raise £1,000 by Christmas; gives account of money paid for goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his health and relapse he is suffering; plans to return to Virginia as soon as possible; hopes to practice some medicine in Virginia; discusses some logistics of his travel home; gives other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses accounts and people who have money for him; refers to sale of tobacco to Major Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard Jerdone would like to do business with him; asks that he send an order for goods, or let him know if he will be shipping tobacco; has a ship loading and can make arrangements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses thanks and deep emotion to Mrs. Jerdone for her support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests all papers pertaining to suit against Mr. Holt; reports has requested all loan office certificates regarding this matter; implies Mr. Holt put paper money into loan office without Mrs. Jerdone's consent; also, requests estate books be checked to see if this money was due to the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to accounts and payment by various people to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave been commissioned to find four chariot horses; have sent them and charged £321.12.2; will charge 2 1/2 percent of commission if paid in tobacco; do not think this is expensive as horses have doubled their price since \"the peace\"; the horses will land in Hampton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to receipt of papers concerning Holt case; reports receipt of £ 1,900 sterling by DuVal's family for himself; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSent letter through Robert Johnston, who is a stranger; asks him to show him hospitality; asks him to pick up the remaining five barrels of tar; has shipped remaining two hog heads of tobacco; needs some money for payment of a debt; would like Jerdone to give him the money he needs, but if this is unfavorable, he will consider the request non-existent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWere not able to ship horses immediately as the first ship had too many goods on it and could not handle the food for the horses; have shipped with another captain and they should arrive safely.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports receipt of three horses, their condition, groom's bill, and that he has forwarded them; questions servants sobriety; makes comment that \"white servants do not suit this country\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to death of George Pottie and expresses sympathy; refers to debt of £ 27 due of Hawkins; refers to contacting of various people to pay off bonds held with Mr. Dick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses relief to know she has reached London; refers to the deterioration of his health; gives his chair to her as a remembrance of him; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of his cousin; expresses relief that relatives in Virginia are well; refers to his own poor health; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives particulars on death of his cousin who died from childbirth; refers to his deteriorating health; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas enclosed order of reference against William Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of her brother, John Jerdone; reports on preparations for him and her lack of will and knowledge of his affairs; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas checked over books in regard to Mr. Holt; reports the mismanagement by Mr. Holt of the books and describes what he did wrong; refers to the progress of the suit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproves of decision not to allow Mr. Holt to settle accounts; recommends Mr. William Dandridge for the job.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires if Jerdone has any tobacco to ship, as he has a ship loading at Cumberland; inquires if William DuVal owes Jerdone any money; reports he heard that DuVal recovered approximately £ 1,500 from England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses copies of judgments against Holt and the \"Orders of Reference;\" urges him to settle books in order to have the matters of reference determined; expects payment from Mr. Woods soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports difficulty in raising money to pay shipping charges on tobacco; refers to debt he owes Jerdone and discusses his means in raising the money for payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresumes Jerdone has not gotten all his tobacco to the warehouse; is sure Jerdone will ship with him; cannot get his ship to Cumberland because British ships are restricted to Yorktown; will bring tobacco by small craft.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOutstanding debt of Jerdone's account by Donald and Burton to Gist will be paid immediately; asks if Jerdone has any freight to be shipped; feels family has responsibility to Captain Milford; suggests using him to establish a regular, good ship on the York River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports settlement of matters against Mr. Holt scheduled for September 22; asks to pay next tax on the estate for Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCame to deliver £ 100 due to Mr. Jerdone by Hugh Mercer; asks that any remaining debt be charged to him as Thomas Mitchell will be paying him for services rendered; asks for a receipt for this and also for £ 34.18.4 from Captain William Ferrells.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports outcome of Holt case; expresses dissatisfaction with outcome; requests affidavits concerning George Pottie's deposition; suggests a rehearing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports intention to pay Mr. Macon money owed to him; regrets he won't be able to pay Mr. Jerdone this week; intends to write to see if he can \"draw bills\" in Fredericksburg, Petersburg, and Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses satisfaction that appointment for Mr. Holt's deposition had been noticed and that Mr. Pottie's deposition would be of help to Mrs. Jerdone; explains his opinion on the matter of the loan certificates given to Mr. Holt; gives other opinions on the case; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for the negligence of payment due Mr. Gist; assures him that it has been taken care of including interest; total was £125.9.3; will send copy of account when sales of tobacco are closed; thanks him for promise of shipping tobacco to them. Including copy of LS from Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStill suffering from rheumatic pains; has rearranged business so he can spend most of his summer at the springs; sorry to hear Jerdone's mother is not well; requests that Jerdone allow him to sell some of his \"least serviceable\" enslaved persons and to buy others; feels should get fieldhands to clear the swamp rather than enslaved persons to work in the forge as will be more profitable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncourages Mr. Jerdone to have estate accounts looked over by Mr. Lighton Woods; gives day and time of court hearing; promises payment in April and August; offers to pay Jerdone's taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas enclosed Mr. Douglass' accounts for the past two years; Douglass has made two charges which he feels are unreasonable; must pay it as Douglass is in West Indies; would like word from Jerdone of when he would like his money and he will get it ready.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave not heard from him since their last letter; have closed Jerdone's account with £400. 19.5 due them; will wait until remaining 14 Hogs Heads of tobacco are sold; still have not sent horses as no room for safe transport on any ship; captain of first ship which they had planned to use brought legal action against them for breach of contract; cost them £25 \"out of our own pockets\"; will not bring a charge of commission on him because of non-anticipated expenses. Includes Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpects of two ships; requests Jerdone's help in loading them; reminds him of balance due Donald and Burton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas written to help him clear Jerdone's father's name concerning the remittance of a bill; claims both Jerdone's father and Mr. Holt remitted the same bill and now the man is trying to claim that neither did; requests that Jerdone look up his father's ledgers on this man's account; has seen Mr. Macaulay and is anxious to see Jerdone; will meet him whenever Jerdone can be in either Richmond or Hanovertown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports progress on lawsuit; expresses desire to get business finished soon; reports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlans to meet Jerdone in Richmond on 18th of July; his wife is very ill with \"the rheumatism\" and has been con finedto bed for past two weeks; violence of illness has not abated and he hopes for the best.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to report seeing an enslaved young man which he believes is enslaved by Jerdone; explains his reasons for believing so; expects to pay his bond when crops are sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Jerdone meet with Alexander MacCaulay and Colonel Morristo settle dispute with Mr. Holt; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinx (Mink) had killed 30 fowls; needs help to kill him; asked Patrick to bring back turpentine promised by Jerdone; sent six loaves of sugar to Mrs. Jerdone; weather looks bad, has declined turpentine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports appointment of John Howie, Wm. Hays, Mr. Holt, John McKeene and Wright Southall as referees; reports Colonel Morris has stated the accounts clearly, and DuVal gives a list of categories included; also reports amount of debt due Mrs. Jerdone; sends proceedings of Federal Convention and states \"if adopted will make the states more virtuous and happy than they otherwise would be.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent for two barrels of turpentine; has sent for Mrs. Jerdone's fabric.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter brought by Colo. Morris who has helped pull the forge out of trouble; claims Mr. Holt has been changing accounts to appearance of profit; Holt was getting business into debt; wants to make Morris a candidate for Convention and asks Jerdone's help.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern over Mrs. Midleton's actions to recover her fortune; refers to Polly's ingratitude to Mrs. Jerdone; reports arrival of goods and expects to send them soon; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill send the hogs out tomorrow morning; new partner, Mr. Samuel Beall of Williamsburg, has been taken on; Beall would like to meet with Jerdone; still missing money which hopes Holt will acknowledge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCame to deliver £25 interest on £500 which he had borrowed from Jerdone; is \"backward\" in plantation duties so sent Isabella to deliver money; hopes to see Jerdone the following week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and how this is affecting his work; believes Circuit Courts will be a great benefit to the country; hopes to obtain £2,000 for Jerdone in court; refers to several execution of estates; expresses opinion that Constitution should be approved by states; lists states that have already approved it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports expecting ship in York River in April and requests assistance in loading her; inquires of having whole tobacco crop; reminds him that he must order goods for next fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains details of carriage horses matter and why the company was sued; claims that Jerdone must pay them for the horses and all extra expenses; gives accounts of tobacco sold and debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports decision of referees appointed by General Court in lawsuit of Mrs. Jerdone against Mr. Holt; gives sum awarded; reports loan certificates still under consideration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses finances among Mr. Burnley, Mr. Macaulay and the Jerdones; found hoes have been sent to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports arrived safely; refers to kindness of sister; refers to difficulty in leaving Mother and duty she feels toward her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas enclosed Jerdone's account; hopes he does not complain because sales of his tobacco were not good; tobacco was not of good quality and was severely damaged; hopes he will pay his balance when convenient.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to judgment of case against Mr. Holt and its impacts; refers to Mr. Holt's reactions; advises him to wait to file other complaints until this whole account is settled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproves of deferring settlement until Mr. Johnson returns; reports sent statement to remove any injurious impressions of Mr. Holt's actions on the Chancellors' minds; reports other developments in the case; Holt has asked Marshall to represent him; Colo. Taylor's fee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses decision to defer settlement; reports Mr. Holt's attempts to employ Mr. Marshall; explains Mr. Marshall's refusal of engagement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to business with Mr. Holt; claims he should remain in Richmond until \"Doomsday or the day after;\" other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if Jerdone wants any pork or hogs; cash is scarce and would like to sell them; corn crop doing very poorly, the season being too wet and windy; wheat doing well, yielding 700 bushels and has grown two hogs heads of tobacco; sorry to learn Mr. Douglass will remain in Scotland until spring; has been sickness this fall and two enslaved persons have died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports correspondence from Virginia; expresses difficulty of being parted from her mother; refers to trip to England; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInforms Jerdone that cash [?] promised by Macaulay has not appeared; has sent two sacks of salt as leather could not be exchanged; this to be settled at maturity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to business of hogs; reports shoeing of horses; refers to failure to pass tobacco inspection legislation in the Senate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports judgments against Mr. Woods and Mssrs. Dickinson and Mr. Kembrough and states amounts; advises to have Colonel Morris settle Holt's account.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to attempt to obtain payments from Dr. Currier and Mr. Gravis; refers to illness in his family and death of a son; refers to Mr. Woods' crop of tobacco; hopes late alteration in Superior Courts will result in more speedy justice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to letter from Willia m Holt; reports Mr. DuVal will advise on proper answer. Includes copy of letter from Willia m Holt, Willia msburg, Virginia to William DuVal, \"Mount Comfort,\" February 18, 1789 . 1 Asking what steps Mr. Jerdone intends to take against him; also asks if business will be brought to referees or to the Chancellor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to difficulty in being parted from mother; reports on her son John and his development; refers to his being \"backward with his tongue\"; describes her horse and some living conditions; reports receipt of mother's presents and describes difficulty with customs officials; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs that all are well; is studying Ovid's Metamorphoses, Justin and Ovid's Epistlesand French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sorrow in being parted from mother; gives account of when people leave the house on a normal day; refers to development of son John; refers to health; refers to rejoicing of King's recovery and great illumination; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expected Jerdone to pay debts owed to Donald and Burton of London when he was in Richmond; since not done, requests that Jerdone pay as soon as convenient.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to expense of obtaining horses; refers to balance due to Donald and Burton and also amount owed in the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of desk and expresses thanks; reports on weather and its effect on crops, fears he will \"loose his character as an overseer.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on status of accounts and progress in receiving payment; refers to \"ejectment\" of Mrs. Jerdone scheduled in Williamsburg following September.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests Jerdone act as witness in a suit by Mr. Pottie in Winchester; reports judgment will be against Holt in September; needs deeds of Forge at trial to prove Holt mortgaged it to Mrs. Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Asks to forward Dandridge's bonds; expects to obtain Judgment for Mr. Jerdone the following month.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHad wheelwright look at carriage wheels and will have them replaced; sent two shovels and two ditching spades which he had ordered; feels Jerdone should meet with Mr. Beale as he is worthy of attention; feels important to increase number of enslaved as are draining swamps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to lack of payment by Mr. Daniel on his bond, outlines way to try and get payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports will send Chancery's decision on case against John Winston's executors; reports on progress of case against Mr. Holt in Court of Appeals; requests delivery of papers to Mr. Charles Thomson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports statement of debt against Lewis' executors, also execution against Winston's executors and execution against Mr. Ferrell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 5 . Inquires of the various ailments her mother has suffered; laments how often mother is alone; refers to and inquires of her sisters; refers to outbreak of measles; inoculation of her children; refers to schools which her children will attend and their distance from house; refers to French declaration of war on England, expresses fear of war; expresses aloneness and Feeling of not belonging; refers to events taking place in France and the death of French King; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending 40 hogs to Jerdone; suggests he send a carriage to \"receive them in good order\"; would like sent to him a bottle of little sweet scented type of tobacco seed; P.S. - has sold crop of corn and the wheat they had.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests business transactions between Jerdone's father and Mr. Belsches for payments and accounts during years of 1772-1774; also requests copy of transactions between himself and Mr. Pottie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses quality tobacco shipped, condition of it and market; explains goods he has sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to business with Holt and Dudley Richardson; intends to order execution against Kinsbrough ?and someone to attend sale; explains other bonds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of their speculation endeavors in the tobacco market; advises him to have nothing to do with the men involved in Major Ragland's account; thinks it would be better to deal with Burton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains goods sent and expectations for next crop of tobacco; expresses uncertainty of affairs with Spain; expresses hope war will be averted; discusses weather and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Intends to send carriage wheels; saw William Mitchell while he was in Richmond and compliments Jerdone on his handling of a runaway blacksmith; was informed that Hugh Nelson has a blacksmith for sale; discusses corn crops; discusses Jerdone's accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Claims is due money for the clearing of the Rivanna River; asks that Jerdone pay £8.15 to Mr. Walter who delivered letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent 36 hogs but is displeased with their size and fatness; also has sent two chisels that the blacksmith has made; concerned over health of Jerdone's family but glad Mother is better; congratulates on the judgment for him against Holt. (Letter has some accounts written on back.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains goods sent; refers to \"preservation from the destruction\" of Jerdone family; advises Jerdone sleep with firearms nearby for safety from slaved persons ; describes the \"Blunderbuss\" gun; gives account of weather and crops; refers to reconciliation between Spain and England; sends portrait of Sarah Jerdone Brackenridge; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mother's mortgage is recorded and with equal validity to the original; the original has been lost, probably during the War when papers of General Court were moved; necessary to make an affidavit ? because of replacement of original mortgage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Observes death of Wm. Holt and explains impact upon suit of Jerdone's against him; refers to business with others who have debts owed to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Congratulates Jerdone and his mother for their successes in court; Richmond has had a visit from the President of the U.S.; describes toast of occasion; refers to crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses concern for mother's health and her living alone; inquires of her sisters; describes her health and children's development; refers to difficulty in adjusting to England; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Orders that nothing more be paid to Mr. Beale or anyone else associated with the late Mr. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on his mother's Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge health; reports on brothers and sisters development; comments on \"Ashton\"; refers to affairs in France; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for damage done to goods; explains current shipment of goods; reports British strong economy and rise in prices for woolens and iron products; refers to British battleships prepared for emergency and affairs in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Mother's health and family; reports development of family; describes rickets; visit to cotton mill; reports weather and effect on crops; refers to lawsuits of Jerdone's; refers to events taking place in France; other Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent overseer 25 hogs; has sent Jerdone bushels of holly berries and Church's oats ? to be sowed; waited for Jerdone to finds a market for their corn but finally made an agreement with Alexander Macaulay; Mr. Macaulay is working toward agreement on the disputed accounts of Mr. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Mother's health is improved; speaks of brothers and himself; reports on weather; lists flowers in bloom; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to price increases and blames this on peace in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes order made by Mr. Thompson Rowland through Mssrs. Sutherland and McKee for the Coulter Robertson Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 5 . Sorry to hear the family was ill, the captain who delivered his letters is retiring to New York; there have been debates in Parliament over the abolition of enslavement; describes incidents occurring in the West Indies; has been a boycott of sugar; feels this is silly; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to sending rum; explains how to enhance its flavor; refers to crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; needs more notice as does not order from dealer if he can get from manufacturer; explains increased prices on wine; other news concerning shipping.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Cancels plans made to travel northward; his daughter Polly died August 19, 1792.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports hog business; refers to lawsuits; refers to crops; requests meeting in Richmond or Hanovertown; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Two hogs are missing; has enclosed description and accounts of Providence Forge estate; has sold surplus of wheat to Mssrs. Freeland and Gillies for five shillings sterling per bushel; is working on terms for corn crop now at 18 shillings sterling per barre l; has not heard from friends in Jedburgh, Scotland and becoming uneasy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent a newspaper describing incidents in Europe; relates his opinions in regard to American liberty and influence on Europe; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends regards of \"Mr. M.\"; Mr. M. has sent, a \"hamper porter\" port wine ; will leave the eulogium on the port's quality to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas inserted advertisement in papers for four weeks; feels sure a reward wil1 guarantee detection of an enslaved person; advises to speak with John Marshall to retain him as counsellor; quotes current prices for wheat and corn; refers to events in Europe; expresses concern over French development and how this will affect U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports illness of children Sarah, Maria, John, and William and wife Sarah Jerdone with measles; also reports death of daughter Sarah and wife Sarah and attack of scarlet fever on John and Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports the havoc produced by the \"bursting of that overgrown bubble paper currency and the circulation of accomodation bills\"; encloses an order for sugar, rum and other goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports wife Sarah \"Sally\" Jerdone's death and death of daughter Sarah as well as illness of John, William, and Maria; reports on their development since; explains how Sarah Jerdone's things were sent and where she was buried.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas lost Francis Jerdone's sister Sarah, George Braikenridge's wife and his two daughters; the sons are back to health; has sent account balance due to him at £8.13.5; has enclosed a mourning ring and a lock of Sally's Sarah hair for Francis Jerdone. to wear; reports condition of crops and prices; refers to events in Europe concerning France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to events taking place in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpset by attempted murder of Jerdones by enslaved persons; wonders if he has the liberty to make decisions on selling crops; informs of interest of Mr. Thompson of Richmond to buy old corn; will start preparing hogs for Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives opinion on French actions and intentions and relations between U.S. and Britain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes business matters with Mr. Macaulay; discusses credit and cash markets; reports on crop development; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on weather and crops; refers to report circulating that Mitchell asked for pardon for Pegg an enslaved girl, implicated in attack against Francis Jerdone and his mother; assures Jerdone this isn't true and explains circumstances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses trading enslaved persons; reports on cotton and livestock and other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports arrival of two millstones; refers to positioning of volunteer troops by \"order of the executive\" to Smithfield to \"suppress some opposition to the Civil Power\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses shipment of tobacco and corn to England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports goods received for Mr. Jerdone and their condition; refers to antiministerial opinions in the newspapers of the day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains process for declaring notice for demand for money; reminds Mrs. Jerdone to sign copy and send affidavit. Including Geo. Gairdner, Richmond, Virginia to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 17 September 1794, which explains delay for letter and encourages him to do these errands immediately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to receipt of tobacco; explains difficulty in insuring British ships; expresses regret for political discord in U.S.; comments on war; gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Refers to crops in Europe; speaks at great length about the war in Europe and the events in France; refers to death of Robespierre and many others as a result.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives example of wording of affidavit; requests that affidavits be renewed and sent by the 22nd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to papers which have been delivered; reports fevers have been lowered by the rain; Jerdone's tobacco has been shipped.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes business transactions he plans on pursuing in order to clear his debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on wheat received; recommends a cooling beverage; also describes goods sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains lack of correspondence from feeling of insult from Jerdone's previous letter; describes business matters of corn, wheat, and with Alex Macaulay; reports on hogs, some of which were lost to a \"set of villains\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses money enclosed and carried by Joseph Spicer; discusses hogs; expresses sorrow for the death of Mr. J. Thompson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports charge of order; reports carrying an enslaved person back home, injured or escapes?; refers to health and weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSent 24 hogs to overseer Joseph Spicer; receiving returns on crops sent to Norfolk but disappointed in prices; has prepared accounts for past years; sustained losses as crops from 17 92to be sold to Mr. Alexander Macaulaywere never completely sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains postponement of filing case against Sheriff James Dabney after talking with John? Marshallbecause he claims to have sold land and have money ready for Mrs. Jerdone; also intends to convince Major DuVal to mortgage his property for better security on debt; refers to weather and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports goods sent and difficulty in shipping; reports war between France and England; speaks of famine in France and general scarcity in England; refers to higher prices because of the \"covetness of the farmers\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBill for hoes sent for £4.1.10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHad expected his friend Captain Delancey to visit Jerdone; hopes Jerdone will accept him hospitably; advises not to worry about the Beall's Executor as he is acting to \"procrastinate\" the foreclosing in the mortgage; anxious over payments owed to Jerdone and the welfare of his family if he dies; hopes to send his children to Scotland for education as there is too much French principle in the colonial schools; sorrowed by the loss of \"little Johny\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Had been ill with pains in the side; refers to many immigrants from Europe; expresses worries of power given to Catholics and their divided loyalties to country and religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports enclosure of decision by Chancery for Mrs. Jerdone; reports on brigs carrying goods: one has been carried off to Bermuda by privateers, another brought ashore by wind; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs Jerdone he has broken a law by selling wine without a license to sick people; he will be fined $50 for every offense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Items shipped; health of family and himself; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business dealings in hogs, wheat; describes conditions of business with Alexander Placaulay, Thomas Peters, Benjamin Harrison and Turner Christian; reports he received a letter from family in Jedburgh; encloses itemized cost for carriage wheels. See medium oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Regrets he can no longer stay on; will get someone to act as overseer; reports on Indian corn, wheat and prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on health; reports on receipt of goods; explains ship took 21 days from Norfolk to Richmond; also how bale was sent mistakenly to Petersburg; refers to seemingly encouraging markets in produce, grain, flour and horses; refers to death of Mr. Douglass; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports business is slow with only the necessities like flour and wheat doing well; many men being sent to West Indies and speculation is very high; encloses an political pamphlet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Claims will have no problem selling the corn he has; promises to take necessary steps to bring Mr. Peter to justice; will try to take care of repairs needed on the mill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Updates Jerdone on his business affairs and accounts; congratulates Jerdone for wishing harmony with all nations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to death of William Douglass; inquiring about the position of overseer now vacated; gives brief sketch of his background and that of his son who would like to be employed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has no news; heard Jerdone had been in Hanover and wishes he had come to visit in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Weather appears to promise good crops; reports the horse thief Young was convicted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends a pointer puppy and advice for care of it; reports on weather and crops; refers to rumours of war between Great Britain and Spain; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; relays interest of Mr. John Graham to buy oats and other crops; refers to dog, the \"canine queen\"; refers to elections being held in town; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Distressed by being alone while her brother William Douglass is away; complains that she cannot handle the work alone; has divided hogs and feels the remainder should be killed; discusses crops and prices; inquires about selling Jerdone's tract of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Will not offer more than £50 to Archer Christian; reports she has employed an overseer as one is needed on condition Jerdone has not hired one; inquires whether he wants the crops sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Acknowledges present; refers to work done on \"waggon\" ; refers to weather and crops; reports on hunting; refers to difficulty in economy from French; other family news. Includes invoice for goods shipped to Francis Jerdone, January 23, 1797.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to stagnation of business; reports prices of wheat and flour; refers to newspapers and their showing of the \"magic of politics\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has enclosed a newspaper; refers to allies contriving their \"depredatory and unprovoked conduct to this country\"; reports all business is good.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has delivered letter to Major; weather has been good but had a frost; hopes peach blossoms survived; has enclosed a Norfolk paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Reports brother John is in school at Bradford in Wiltshire and brother William at Keynsham, both studying Latin; describes his father's business and his responsibilities within it; describes the political and military events occurring in England and France; surprised he is wearing a \"redcoat\" on is back; hopes the U.S. will not be dragged into this conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Including letterfrom George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 10 April 1797, referring to business transactions and shipping as well as European events and family news. 2 pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports corn and wheat are ready but fears prices will not go as high as Jerdone had expected; hopes to see Jerdone to discuss the land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests Jerdone send balance for the 30 barrells ? with bearer; send compliments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to illness at estate; reports on sale of crops and payments; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear the drought has brought disease to persons enslaved by the Jerdon family; wishes he could take a trip North with Mr. Mitchell to get away; worries about the predicament of the U.S. in view of the European events; discusses business concerning Mr. DuVa l? and whether he is a good business risk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to job opportunity expressed to him by Jerdone; gives conditions of his employment; will accept job if Jerdone accepts his conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs that a year is up since signing bond; Inquires as to what Jerdone would like to do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Describes route of ship which carries his goods; reports events in Europe; refers to peace negotiation with France; reports on crops and weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crop prices, and receipt of payment; refers to events in Europe as \"hostile\"; reports movement of Dutch to the North of Ireland; reports outbreak of yellow fever; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses crop prices and quantity; refers to outbreak of yellow fever; reports have received letters from Scotland and refers to the placement of the Dutch fleet; discusses further events in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses his land in Kentucky and the value of his land in Virginia; reports orders placed agains t Mr. Holt for Mr. and Mrs. Jerdone; discusses other business of debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests Jerdone not send reply with wagoner as he is not trustworthy; encloses letter from Major-DuVal; offers his aid in employment of helpers; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Jasper has agreed to the operation; thanks Jerdone for finding instruments to use; requests them sent by Saturday or Sunday as when he has the assistance of Dr. Lewis to operate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and oats and gives prices; reports he has no one to recommend for the notice ? business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports operation is done; reports Jasper tolerated the pain well and is now very happy; requests that Jerdone return the instruments and forward the enclosed letter; also requests a bottle of molasses for Jasper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Recommends hiring Mr. Holeman for the job; refers to many ships missing on their voyages and the lack of information from Europe because of it; gives other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports that George Pottie will bring entries needed to be signed for the certificates; they must be entered by 1 December to avoid penalty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and potential to sell more if the price is agreeable; refers to possibility of hiring Mr. Holeman who would give Jerdone's \"notices\"; reports difficulty in obtaining wheels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses goods sent; wanted to send salt but objection to putting in bags; hopes Jerdone will accept the oysters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on health of Jasper; describes the symptoms and the opinions of the doctor; reports advised diet and progress of recovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports wheat is being delivered; remarks chat the man who delivers this will deliver Jerdone's letter to Mayor DuVal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses ship's arrival and goods to be sent; reports on weather; refers to newspapers which have been sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports efforts to sell property in order to pay off debt to Jerdone; reports employment of a man by Mr. Gairdner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; reports iron, leather has been sent; advises Jerdone to write to Mr. Macaulay about his daughter; Includes some accounts of goods sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sold both the new and old wheat; reports has not been able to sell the old corn; hopes pork will be ready by the 25th.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent hogs; discusses business affairs of corn, wheat, and Indian corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Assures that accounts have been properly taken care of; discusses business matters and goods sent; advises him on poplar trees; gives other town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on events in Europe and effect it will have on American economy; reports letter from Major DuVal advising to employ Holeman to give notices; reports Mr. Alexander Macaulaysent his son to school in Chesterfield; reports on crop prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to attempts to sell Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and payments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses prospects of selling land; refers to letter from the Major DuVal ; discusses further business, partnerships, and lawsuits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 3 Reports that peace has till not come with France; gives numbers of militia and preparedness of British forces; describes recent events involving French and their plans; reports rebel lion in Ireland almost quelled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes goods shipped to Jerdone; complains about high prices and taxes. Including accounts for all goods shipped to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Time to renew bond with Jerdone; needs instructions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business affairs with Major DuVal in reference to a mortgage of his land; refers to visit of General Marshall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Mr. Macaulay must sell his furniture, home, enslaved, persons and plantation for \"ready money\"; wishes to consult with Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to letter from DuVal to Jerdone; agrees that Jerdone is due Holt's land in compensation for the debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports son Francis has bought 1/4 of land and enslaved persons mortgaged to her by Holt for £2,750; informs that he has power to act for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending 20 hogs and wheat timber; reports hasn't finished measuring Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and Indian corn; reports execution ordered against Mr. Peter; reports sale of cattle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses goods sent, including hogs; discusses particular business matters Including payment and when things will be delivered and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to the \"Calamitous disaster of the 22nd November\"; claims will suffer no loss; discusses business accounts, sale of crops and goods shipped to Jerdone; Dr. Cringan wishes puppies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInforms cannot learn how Black boy can be bound; promises to write soon to make a judgment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business with Mr. Mitchell; refers to events between France and Britain; hopes for peace soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses political events in Europe at the time including dethroning of the kings of Naple and Serdinia and speculation on the King of Prussia; reports River Elbe is frozen disrupting mail delivery; refers to lack of news on army in Egypt and rumors that Napoleon Bonaparte has been killed; predicts the defeat of the Italian Army by the Turks; refers to extensive popularity of Nelson and lists the types of clothing and accessories that have been named after him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of letters; describes goods sent; refers to death of Mr. Alexander Macaulay; refers to apple crop and weather; describes accomplishments and injuries of Admiral Nelson; reports French declaration of war against Tuscany. Includes invoice of goods shipped by Geo. Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 15 March 1799.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports no further information from Major DuVal; refers to upcoming elections for member of Congress and hopes he will place a vote for General Marshall; hopes a visit to the forge will come soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Doesn't expect good weather to last; hopes to visit soon; encloses payment for interest on bond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains his recent interest in politics as his way to protect himself against the government; reports no news has arrived from Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent two horses; reports sale of 650 barrels of Indian corn and asks what to do with remainder; expects payment from Mrs. Douglass for corn; hopes for a visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports arrival of horses; explains travel plans for visit; reports news from Europe; refers to defeat of the King of Naples; speculates effect on U.S. posture in foreign relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the events surrounding the auction of Mr. Macaulay's goods; lists what she bought at auction including enslaved persons and prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains bout with \"cholic\" for any bad disposition; refers to business matters; reports sending of clothes to Mr. Thompson; refers to sale of tobacco to M \u0026amp; G.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports forwarding of £530 to Mrs. Macaulay; reports no arrival of the expected fleet; reports weather of 94 degrees with no rain in sight; expresses belief that lack of rain will not hurt tobacco farmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Congratulates on his recent marriage; reports no new news; reports \"vanquishment of the French in Germany and Italy\"; promises to forward any news. Including invoice of goods, Bristol, England , 15 March 1799.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes goods ordered by Jerdone; apologizes for goods he couldn't get. Including account for goods ordered, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Asks that Jerdone be more particular in his commissions in the future; describes weather and crops; relates that Turner Christian and Mrs. Douglass are both moving; Mrs. Douglass is going back to her plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to Jerdone's decision to sell his crop on his own; refers to expectation of rain and news of hail in Louisa; expresses regret that Jerdone's wheat was injured; refers to other business matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; reports on corn crops; refers to weather; refers to sale of crops; indicates desire for him to visit before engaging as overseer for next year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to weather; reports difficulty in finding package supposedly shipped from England; refers to letter to mother and box forwarded; refers to Sandy's well-being and schooling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Extends congratulations on marriage; offers his opinion of the Jerdones' companionship and their virtues; reports sale of goods and other business matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to building of a cabin or house; reports forwarding of package.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes goods ordered; hopes for good crops this year; feels that the U.S. will be able to stay out of the war in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for not sending \"half books\"; forwards letter from Mr. Young concerning Jerdone's sister Mrs. Macaulay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Including letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Explains kerchiefs sent to the ladies; wishes Jerdone happiness with his new wife; describes wet summer and fall and effects on crops; relates that war with France not over; describes conflict with Spain over four English Frigates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sent oats and seed cotton; reports sale of wheat; reports progress of Indian corn; reports sale of Mrs. Douglass' fourth of the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes gifts sent and thanks for gifts received; relates that Assembly is sitting; relates crops and prices; explains contract with G. D? rs deals only in gold and silver not \"currency money\"; explains Mr. D? rs has not paid anything on this contract since 17 97 .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to bad weather's effect on partridges; refers to General George Washington's death; refers to news from Paris on European affairs; refers to nephew Sandy Macaulay's development and schooling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports trip to Washington D.C. ; refers to affairs in Congress such as the National Bank issue and laws for loans; refers to men ready to defend the \"Fort of Mobile\" with help from Havana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Promises will bring over his bond for his account as soon as Mitchell and Gairdner tell him; expresses concern over Jerdone's mother's health; advises Jerdone to call Dr. Honyman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to goods sent by wagon; reports no new news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Instructs on how to fix furniture injured in transportation; refers to famine and war in Europe and is thankful for good times in West; refers to visit by Turner Christian who did not pay anything against his account; sends seed wheat from Egypt which produces two crops in 12 months for experimentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crop business and prices; reports goods sent; relates death of eight month old, enslaved child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to weather and illnesses that have occurred in the area; refers to discovery of a planned rebellion by Blac ks and the hope it was squashed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses wheat prices especially in reference to bread prices and the effects on the poor; relates conflict with France still a problem; Includes other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Jerdone's illness and anxiety; advises on buying flannel for winter coats; refers to \"the disagreeable state of the Blac ks\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes negotiation with France broken off; wheat prices continue to rise as farmers refuse to bring their crops to market; relates riots are occurring because people cannot afford bread; discusses enclosure law; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports son George Braikenridge married a Miss Bush; refers to a planned insurrection of enslaved people in Virginia and hopes nothing came of it; notes that grain prices still high and population is increasing fast; feels new enclosing of common land should be increased to equal it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses household business; refers to accounts enclosed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advises Jerdone on how to get a higher price for his wheat; comments on the tobacco market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat and corn crop; refers to transport of hogs for Christmas; reports on shingles' arrival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Assembly has done nothing of significance; feels French convention was not successful to either U.S. domestic or external relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2 pages. Xeroc Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses lack of attention paid to shingles; remarks on similar opinions on settlement; refers to Jefferson's election as President.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to events in Europe and the latest accounts from Europe; reports on wheat, corn, and flour prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to sale of tobacco; explains that they don't discriminate in price when an entire crop is sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports trip to Bottombridge Bottoms Bridge for the evening; refers to Turner Christian's visit and his desire for Jerdone to come visit the forge; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; extends gifts of patterns for wife and mother. Including invoice of goods sent, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses hope that Jerdone will come visit; refers to recent politics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses desire of Turner Christian for Jerdone to visit the forge; reports on crops and crop prices; reports acceptance of two drafts of upwards of $2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crops and business; reports two enslaved children have died. Also three horses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to draft on Mitchell \u0026amp; Gairdner, reports sent someone with interest in his bond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; explains why he thinks payments to Mitchell \u0026amp; Gairdner mistaken; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends payment for money due; reports death of Mrs. George Nicholson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends two knives to be fixed; reports weather has been changeable and advises Jerdone to watch his feet from getting wet or cold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to bad colds in area; reports last news from Europe; hope the leaders of Europe will unite.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains took liberty to open letter to Gairdner as he went to Norfolk; sorry to hear son is so sick; has enclosed letter to mother from Mrs. Macaulay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates meeting the Alexander Macaulay family; encloses forms to cancel a bond; refers to French supplying West Indies with arms; hopes they will reduce those nations back to their \"primitive state of subjection.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports preliminary peace has begun between France and Britain; Cornwall is has been in France since early November; relates business has been stagnant and will be until peace is declared; reports military action in St. Domingo and Jamaica; relates food prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to unsettled weather; refers to mortgage and how to finish business; explains how the Major has no liquid money to pay off mortgages; encourages to settle position on 'discounts' for enslaved persons; reports Helen Macaulay's intended marriage to son of James Southall, late of Williamsburg; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses shingles, some have arrived, some still on the way; encloses inspectors receipt for the hog head of tobacco; reports death of an enslaved child \"overlaid by its mother.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports drafts were all paid; refers to other accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains delay in goods; refers to events in Europe and to delay in obtaining a treaty; reports prices on goods and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to weather and illness; reports on business with the Major and his mortgage; reports other accounts. Including invoice of payments by Turner Christian, 25 July 1800 and 20 May 1801. 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Hopes to receive letter soon; reports peace has finally been reached between France and England but doesn't expect to last long; worries as Britain has no allies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"the Alarm\" which keeps Jerdone at home alarm of Black revolt? ; reports on status of Major DuVal's account.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Believes good reason to expect \"an Black uprising attempt\"; refers to Major DuVal's actions toward Gairdner; reports ratification of \"Definitive Treaty\" but has no details; wonders how it will affect business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses exchange of gold; reports business with Major DuVal almost completed; other news of health and weather; includes some accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains conditions of release for William DuVal from Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains status of DuVal affair and papers that have been drawn up; discusses other bonds; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Sandy Alexander Macaulay's dissatisfaction at school and his desire to leave; explains Macaulay opposes the water used in the kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on DuVal affair; refers to difficulty in getting merchandise; inquires about butchers having come Jerdone's way; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests payment from William Harris for medical services rendered. Including receipt from William Harris for medical services rendered by Dr. Richmond Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes Mr. Mitchell's illness and trip planned for his recovery; discusses various business dealings with Major DuVal, Turner Christian and in regard to Holt's lands.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of another insurrection of enslaved persons and hopes all is well; attributes trouble to effects of French Revolution in St. Domingo; requests any orders for goods be sent as soon as possible as regularity of ships for Virginia is non-existent; discusses crops and prices. Including invoice of goods sent to Francis Jerdone by George Braikenridge, 28 July 1798-26 September 1801. 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Encloses \"Holeman's\" report and explains its significance; Major DuVal; reports on crops at the Forge; expresses desire for a visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives cost for Holeman's trip; reports \"DuVal affair\"; reports on Mr. Mitchell's trip to Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Congratulates on new son; extends wishes to Mrs. Jerdone for a speedy recovery; reports Mr. Mitchell's return.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on livestock, crops, and prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Congratulates on increase in family; reports on tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses illness going around and some remedies; refers to repairs made in cooking utensils; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses cotton and hogs; enclosed accounts requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Mitchell and her children; congratulates on addition to family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs that her mother died on the 13th of February; describes her illness; asks for news and letters of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crop sales handled by Turner Christian; regrets that he cannot handle business of horses; discusses some tobacco business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports that two hogs hea ds of tobacco have arrived at warehouse; reports fine weather has resulted in increase of tobacco being shipped.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Items sent; death of mother of Joan Douglass; possibility of war with France; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has received two hog hea ds of tobacco; also has received 27 gallons of oil and two kegs of \"white lead\"; cites current prices for these and tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Confusion continues as tobacco arrives; hopes oil arrived safely and will be sufficient; business \"is dull\" as the rumour of war affects country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes disastrous weather of hurricanes and hail; reports news from Turner Christian at Providence Forge; discusses tobacco and its inspection; fears for renewed conflict between France and Great Britain; gives current prices of wheat, corn and tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to disastrous tornado near Louisa County ; enclosed weights of two hogs hea ds of tobacco ; asks him to accept four pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports letter from the Commodore discussing learning navigation and naval tactics; refers to British attempt to acquire the French West Indies ; reports no ships have arrived because of embargo; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Received letter from Mr. Rober t Johnson which he repeats; Mr. Christian requests some iron; comments on farmers opinions of crops; gives opinion of town people toward farmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business; advises to let Turner Christian (overseer) sell the crops; reports weather and other aspects of business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sold old corn for 16 shillings per barrel; asks advice on sale of wheat; reports hogs will be ready by the 28th.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to boy to be sent to learn to be a blacksmith; reports on crops and goods sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to missing an enslaved boy; reports \"Anderson's Natt\" won't take apprentices until they are 21 years old; advises to keep boy as laborer a few more years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent fourth of money; claims Britain watching for Bonaparte but no occurrences yet; hopes he will soon as Britain is well-prepared; requests to borrow some English newspapers sent by Mr. Braikenridge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to letter lost with newspapers and intends to send papers separately; refers to enslaved boy's return; advises not to sell him but keep him as a \"mechanic\"; reports problems of enslaved persons with ? Hewlett; \"I am sorry that Hewlett's conduct is so barbarous... It is no business of mine but several of the heads of Negroe families at the forge complained of Hewlett to me. It may be worth your while to write Christian in order that no inhumanity may be used\"; other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business transactions through mail; discusses events and opinions in England toward the expected invasion of France; discusses weather, crops, and shipping; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes the military forces prepared against France; dreads expense of this military endeavor; requests Jerdone to look for articles of Natural History; Includes list of things he collects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports is getting over cough and describes some of the remedy; refers to the burning of Norfolk and estimates damage; reflects that this will affect prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on sale of crops and prices; reports on progress of stone steps; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports his trip to England and explains he hopes to regain his health there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on goods purchased and sent; explains further details on trip to Great Britain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on condition of crops and current prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Williamsburg lawyer who helped prepare the Jerdone's suit against William Holt; describes his preparations of the suit; encloses the newspapers for damages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on crop condition and current prices; reports on hogs also.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports tobacco has passed inspection; reports on Gairdner's health and on Sandy Mitchell's leg; refers to prices for tobacc o .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends payment to cover interest on bond; report on weather and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat, transportation and harvest of cotton, corn crops and hogs; refers to Mr. William Mitchell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Thanks Jerdone for his consoling letter; refers to death of George Gairdner; announces her marriage on August 3, 1804 to Mr. Thomson; inquires of the Douglass'; invites Jerdone's nephew to visit her during his vacations at school; discusses the death of Mr. Waugh and his inheritance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports death of George Gairdner; describes his perception of their friendship; explains connection made between Jerdone's cousin, Joan Douglass Thomson, and George; extends his help in whatever he can do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of his brother on the 10th; describes conditions of will including freeing of enslaved persons; assures Jerdone accounts will be taken care of.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains that letter carried by Mr. Gairdner was delayed and this is why goods were delayed; includes list of goods shipped.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on due balance to Jerdone and events which will lead to payment; recommends Mr. Innes as agent to take care of his business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Agrees 5% commission is outrageous and suggests a lower percent; reports on status of Mitchell \u0026amp; Gairdner House; requests Jerdone only draw $10,000 so as to preserve the existence of M \u0026amp; G.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Introduces himself and offers his services as an agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sent goods; sent copy of invoice to Willia m Cuthbertof Norfolk as he was agent for Mitchell \u0026amp; Gairdner; insured goods as have been reports of plundering by French Privateers; reports French left W. Indies before Lord Nelson arrived and now being pursued along coast of U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to deaths of Mr. Gairdner and Mr. Mitchell; supposes Mitchell's executors will take care of goods; requests place to direct mail for Jerdone and Mr. Thompson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports will not enter Navy; asks for recommendation of what profession he should pursue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses loan for Mr. Thompson; inquires if a personal security is sufficient or if he would prefer real estate; has had no shipment from Bristol.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has received payment for tobacco from England; inquires whether Jerdone would like his payment in sterling or in currency; explains which is more convenient; advises he put money in Bank of England rather than Bank of Virginia because it pays interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of Major DuVal's mortgage; promises to finish matter soon or take legal steps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests Providence Forge estate be divided so that he may have his share inherited from his father; requests Jerdone go down in order to divide estate; feels this best and most economical way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on business; has 42 hogs ready by December 15th; wheat has been sold; corn not fully harvested yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports meetings with Major DuVal and Thomas Wilson; refers to unwillingness on Wilson's part to pay mortgage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has waited on business with DuVal sufficient time and now thinks it is time to go to court for payment; has sold wheat; gives list of goods sent by Abram.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent 44 hogs and the accounts for 1804; relates had mentioned buying Mr. Douglass' share of the estate but Douglass is interested in buying another 1/4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses preparations for lawsuit involving debts due Jerdone by Mitchell and Gairdner and Mr. DuVal; hopes to prevent suit from going into \"Court of Chancery.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends interest on bond, suggests talking to bearer who has just returned from Mediterranean cruise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes the conditions of payment of a mortgage debt; explains procedure used to settle conflict; gives conditions of proposals offered and results if go to court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports will receive detailed account of settlement with Major DuVal; does not feel this settlement is in Jerdone's best interest; debt has been transferred into hands of bank.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to letter sent explaining DuVal settlement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports condition of wheat crops; has not sold Indian corn and expects low price; looks forward to Jerdone's visit to Providence Forge; other business matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mitchell \u0026amp; Gairdner; refers to dry weather; requests copy of accounts of 1804.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports offers of Mr. Brown to pay off whole debt of Mitchell and Gairdner; sorry to hear Mr. Christian will leave Jerdone's employ; relates mason has set of stone steps waiting to be picked up; requests instructions on those.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has received payment from Mr. Christian on accounts; has delivered settlement with Major DuVal signed by both parties; feels will be important against DuVal's claims of equity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to duty payment due; discusses weather and its impact on corn and tobacc o .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Bearer has two pair shoes; agrees with character judgment of Mr. McLaren; hopes rain benefited Jerdones; has not received money from Mr. Fenwick or Christian; reports river too low to ship things; arrival of ship from Liverpool.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mr. Fenwick to Mr. Christian; discusses effects of rain on corn, tobacc o; refers to rumours of French-English peace negotiations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent five dozen pair of plaid hose; \"forwarded deed and power of attorney to Mr. Christian\"; \"there seems to be more difficulty in the business... owing to some informality on the part of the Commissioners in omitting to name\" the enslaved persons; seems uncertain, whether deed can be proved in court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to inquiry of McLaren's movements; refers to Jerdone's unwillingness to travel because of weather conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends $500 in bank notes to exchange for silver; refers to two bills in Assembly: to do away with guard in Richmond and to place taxes on bank stock; implies Senate will agree to neither.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports family well and daughter born to his son and daughter-in-law; lists goods sent; refers to little reliable news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports birth of daughter and other family news; relates has entered into West Indies mercantile business as his relation Mr. Weare has retired from it; describes this business and some of its holdings; reports some of the activities of the French.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; advises to sell corn at $5; refers to competition from northward; refers to treaty with Great Britain; fears it won't be ratified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses tea sent; explains different shipping routes and introduces his agents in Norfolk, Virginia and Liverpool, England ; refers to McLaren and fears hasn't sold any corn; reports on potato scarcity and his discovery of Nova Scotia potatoes which he \"finds equal to real Irish or Scottish potatoes\"; other family news and business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes goods sent; refers to letters received from the Brackenridge; discusses prices of crops; refers to illness of Captain Maconand his depressed spirits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to previous letter and goods sent with it; discusses war between England and France; believes it won't end while Bonaparte lives; refers to weather and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending of four stone steps by waggon; discusses bill for steps; refers to forwarding letters to Britain; reports number of people who have come to see the trial of Colonel Aaron Burr; expects trial \"to be put off for want of testimony\"; reports on French retreat because of lack of supplies; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business transactions; refers to some political event and speculates on government action but not specific; speaks of politics between France and Britain; refers to business with McLaren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to suit in Chancery Court in Williamsburg and bill which will need to be answered by Jerdone; refers to Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone'sillness and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Outlines and explains suit of John Pierce and Samuel Beall against Francis Jerdone and his mother Sarah Macon Jerdone .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to letter to Braikenridge's father of April 1807; reports growth of his family; is glad to hear of change in profession; regrets war in Europe not over; refers to attack on Chesapeake frigate by British ship; other family news. Including Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia to George Braikenridge Bristol, England , 20 April 1807, informing of family news and listing goods ordered from Mr. Braikenridge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains what goods sent and why others weren't; apologizes for lateness of goods. Including invoice of goods sent by George Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 17 September 1807. 2 pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; refers to delay in goods from England; reports peaceful trend between Britain and United States; reports surrender of Copenhagen to British Army and also Danish Fleet; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"rough treatment which poor Minny experienced, it may be a good lesson to him, he is not apt to be impertinent, but I suppose the parting drink with his Richmond friends had some effect on his conduct...\"; expresses surprise at small wheat crop; refers to lateness of goods from England; believes relations will remain peaceful with Britain; reports Bonaparte's order for blockading decree on American ships; refers to Major DuVal's note coming due; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advises to have corn \"manufactured\" by a nearby mill; discusses arrival of ship from England including letters from the Braikenridges; discusses pork and prices; not satisfied with political relations with Great Britain .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to business transactions in Williamsburg; expresses concern over British-American relations; has enclosed accoun ts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has received \"two hogs heads of the meanest tobacco I ever saw pass inspection\"; sorry can't pass on good news as British-American politics don't seem to be improving; sorry to hear of Jerdone's poor health. Including account of 18 March 1808 signed by Smith ? Price. 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to difficulties of communication because of American embargo on England; claims this has had no ill-effects on English standard of living; refers to Spanish struggle to free from Bonaparte; reports English have forced French from Portugal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Francis Jerdone come visit to settle accounts with Mr. McLaren; reports on crops, livestock, and sale of crops; reports no iron; requests outside clothing for enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to rising prices of foreign goods; believes a non-intercourse act and embargo will pass Congress; refers to last order from Jerdone; hopes Spain will succeed; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports delay in getting tobacco to market; reports on crops; reports receipt of iron; gives weight of all hogs killed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses care and progress of livestock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Questions whether embargo will be raised; reports prices have declined from rumours that embargo will continue; refers to rumours of battles in Spain; business and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to shipment of indifferent nails as \"proper speciman of penitentary workmanship\"; reports limited removal of embargo; feels this will do little for tobacc o industry; discusses business transactions with Mr. Tazewell and Mr. Douglass .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of tobacc o; reports has received news from England and finds ports of France, Holland, and their colonies still interested in trade; gives report on prices in British ports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to Mrs. Jerdone's health and the weather; reports rumours that the Austrians were defeated; claims will have no peace as long as Bonaparte \"reigns on the Continent of Europe.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sorry to confirm reports of a breach with Britain; explains events centering around Mr. Erskine and Mr. Jackson, Minister to the U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to business with Mr. Dunsmore; reports on weather; refers to the battle of the Danube and rumors of a Russian Army marching against Austria; expresses concern.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to prohibition of direct intercourse with Great Britain; discusses a Mr. Dillard who has inquired about a position with Mr. Jerdone as overseer of the New Kent estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Includes invoice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Items shipped, bears invoice, 1809, of Francis Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses bill for attendance of enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of crops; claims willingness to pay his part of profits for estate; discusses accounts with Mr. Morecock, John Davis, McLaren; enslaved persons need clothes; and shop needs tools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of Braikenridge letter informing of arrival of goods at Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses transport of articles to Jerdone; intends to attend to tobacc o following day; has enclosed invoice from Braikenridge in Bristol.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports pork is almost ready; reports progress in crop processing; questions Francis Jerdone's intention to use timber on estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses use of timber on estate and who has the right to use it; reports on hogs and corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on hogs and wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses some business; expresses desire for Jerdone to come to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of tobacco, the advertisement was too late for this paper but will be in the next; assures that the expenses are taken care of.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent the three hogheads of tobacco to New York to be sold; P.S. tobacco didn't pass inspection, was sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses accounts on sale of tobacc o; will send current accounts if requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports letter arrived in time to be sent to London; regrets \"low state of health\" of Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports update of account, refers to trouble nobility in London have been causing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent medicines by Mr. J. Thompson; refers to rain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses wheat crop and prices for its ale; requests figures in order to update books of Jerdone and Douglass; other family and business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crops, livestock, enslaved persons and other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the merits of private tutors and schools; weather good for harvest; refers to Napoleon and his preoccupation with his wife; reports Holland has been made a province of France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of crops, prices and transport of hogs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates events in Great Britain not good; king not likely to recover; Parliament appointing Prince of Wales regent and ministry looking to new restrictions; from France the Berlin and Milan Decrees not revoked and French ambassador has arrived.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports accounts for past year; discusses possibility of loaning money; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires of lack of correspondence from Jerdone and Dr. Honyman; implies difficulties in Britain; suggest correspondence under cover of consul in Liverpool, Jame s Maury.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports forwarding of package; refers to Bonaparte's release of all \"American vessels and cargoes in ports of France.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Forwards proceedings from Louisa County Court; advises on the next steps to take.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Worries of lack of correspondence; wonders if Dr. Honyman is still alive; will collect magazines for him only up to end of year without direction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates sale of wheat by Mr. Douglass; offers to forward mail to Great Britain .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advises Mrs. Jerdone on her will and under the law how she can divide her estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses \"political horizon\"; refers to chances of war and effect of Non-Importation Act; gives overview of crop prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has forwarded letters to England and suggests other ports from which to send letters; reports delivery of goods; refers to events in England; other general business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports delivery of hogs; hopes he Francis Jerdone will be satisfied with their sale; reports on wheat crop and intending sale. Including list of hogs killed, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Pleased to hear from Jerdone; worries correspondence may not last long by looks of American hostilities; gives update on family; refers to eye problems of George Weare; wonders how he will send magazines to Dr. Honyman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses difficulty in finding bricks and the future state of sugar; believes British will not \"begin the war\" and wonders if we \"must goad them into it\"; fears this will be regretful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; refers to wine obtained; discusses fabric for \"neck cloths\"; refers to difficulty in obtaining \"good sugar.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business transaction with Tom; refers to difficulty in obtaining quality goods and the high prices; reports wheat was rejected by millers and sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat; refers to difficulty of obtaining port wine; has forwarded letter to Braikenridge to Norfolk; discusses payment for load.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains why he hasn't yet gotten the goods requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports will receive goods; reports stores poorly stocked; will send statement and money from wheat with Tom next time if agreed by Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to account and bond enclosed; has sent cheese; hopes they still will escape war, but wouldn't thank rulers for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports hasn't sold corn; refers to declaration of war and believes won't be able to sell corn for a higher price; hopeful for a good next crop.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends port wine and cask of London bottle d \"porter\"; refers to declaration of war on Britain and her dependencies on the 18th; will send interest as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends payment for interest and balance; reports Braikenridge no longer makes kind he Francis Jerdone wanted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives update on his sons and their accomplishments; fears correspondence will be difficult with declaration of war; discusses weather and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses lawsuits of Jerdone's against estate of Wm. Holt; advises best way to be successful; questions desires of Francis Jerdone in case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Request for loan of eight to ten thousand dollars; encloses bond to be completed by brother Tom in Jerdone's presence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports low number of hogs; reports has sold wheat and corn; reports on present corn crop.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to order for kegs of Madeira and rum; reports the \"seaman's bill\" passed the Congress and British were so happy with it they delayed the sailing of troops to the U.S.; reports U.S. troops have taken York in Canada; relays no demand for wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to illness among enslaved persons; discusses crops and market for corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses accounts; refers to weather; relates good news from Spain, but has heard nothing in Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses transportation of articles ordered by Jerdone; refers to the illness of Mr. Pottie and James Govan; feels thinness in \"ranks of aquaintances\"; reports from Spain contradictory but favorable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses hogs and how they will be split up; discusses harvest and sale of corn and wheat and payment of taxes and wages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses order for corduroy, mustard, and pepper; reports situation with \"hire of labourers\"; doesn't feel Jerdone's enslaved persons would average more than $50 for hire because of the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending of goods; reports abdication of throne by Bonaparte and restoration of Lewis the 18th Louis XVIII ; refers to hopeful news that commissioners of U.S. will settle problems with Great Britain. Includes list of goods purchased for him Francis Jerdone .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eiscusses the illness and death among enslaved persons from typhus fever; discusses crops and hogs; waiting for visit from the British.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses goods he sent Jerdone; prospects for peace are gloomy; fears war will continue two or three years; afraid to send balance due him by Abram. Including account, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports difficulty in getting specie; refers to delivery of cotton; hopes for speedy end to war; refers to rumor of armistice. Including list of goods sent, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to family and weather; reports developments in Europe; refers to negotiations in Ghent; reports on available rum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on accounts; refers to the lying of Davis and his behavior in visiting and drinking with a mulatto; discusses hogs; refers to Jerdone's need of an overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives update of family; hopes to hear from Americans soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to peace with U.S.; gives update on family; sends message to Dr. Honyman; reports Bonaparte has regained rule in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to previous letters; gives account for magazines and conditions for shipment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of letter and tobacco which he will inspect and sell; claims this is a good time to sell it; refers to \"no news of importance from Europe.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on the two hogsheads of tobacco .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to enclosed letter from Mr. Braikenridge; hopes peace has been achieved in Europe; reports on weather and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports arrival of ship; has forwarded letter from Mr. Braikenridge; refers to magazines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes articles sent to Jerdone including plough, nails, shoe thread, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of tobacco; reports has bought two piece s of linen .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes goods sent; discusses conditions on sale of tobacco; reports cannot give accounts on tobacco yet as it hasn't been weighed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports inability to accommodate his Francis Jerdone Sons for this year because house is incomplete; describes educational system at his school based on what parent wants taught; discusses tuition and board rates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports all three sons are well; describes subjects taken, lists books bought for classes; gives number of students at school; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports indictment of George Boxley for hiring out Isaack, a person enslaved by the Jerdones, as well as a person enslaved by another man; encloses poem written by Boxley; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports that brother Willia m is very ill with \"running sores,\" fever and headache; wishes he could be brought home; refers to mother's trip to Hanover.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to enclosed copy of proceedings of case involving enslaved persons; has enclosed affidavit for suit against Peter Clarkson; discusses this suit in reference to payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending of money to pay interest on bonds; refers to no statement because Francis Jerdone hasn't ordered any goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses latest order; fears war will go on two or three years; refers to accounts of last two transactions; refers to the predatory warfare...by the British...on the Potomack.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes conditions and needed persons for taking Mrs. Jerdone's deposition in suit against Clarkson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses paralytic stroke of \"the old Governor\"; refers to illness of Mrs. Daniel; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports \"the old Governour\" not in good health; refers to violation of school rules by many boys including George Mitchell; refers to wheat harvest and lack of butter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports damage from heavy rains; refers to cases of whooping cough nearby; reports exams beginning; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to crops of Mrs. Lewis and her sale of wheat in Fredericksburg; reports Captain Holladay still has his store.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health; expresses sorrow of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler's illness; relates new regulations on saying lessons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses corn crop and selling prices; reports on hog development; refers to attempt at selling Ho it's land but no bidders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health and weather; relates trip of Mr. Lewis and John Boyer to Fredericksburg; refers to many boys being sent home for winter clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of family; sorry to hear of cousin Gardland's wife's illness; refers to speaking to Mr. Lewis about potatoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports continued sowing of wheat by Lewis'; refers to better Irish potato crop; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to birth of daughter to Mr. and Mrs. Lewis; relates dates of vacation; hogs have not yet arrived.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Mr. Lewis buying corn and hogs and prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports weather and health; refers to vacation drawing near; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on crops and hogs; disappointed that there will not be enough cotton to clothe the \"people\" enslaved persons and satisfy other needs; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes articles sent including hat and saddle bags; regrets there is no \"English cheese\" and not able to get any \"London porter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives schedule of his school day; believes rules are not as bad as he first believed; discusses tuition overseer description and wages ; and gives other news about school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to communications; refers to weather and crops; relates economic conditions, employment and prosperity; gives update on sons; relates insurrection in London of lower class; ponders changes that may have taken place since he left Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to seeing waggoners carrying wheat to Fredericksburg; intends on coming home on Friday as there is no school after 12 o'clock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Approaches prospect of buying the Providence Forge estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on goods sent; accepts request to find horses, although thinks it difficult at this time of the year; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports arrival before dinner; refers to health at school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Laments distance from her relatives; gives report on her children and their schooling; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives description of company visiting school; discusses crops of potatoes, peas, and wheat; other local news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to good health of all; reports Mr. Lewis got home about 10 o'clock on Tuesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on efforts to find a horse; refers to threat of fire to house; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports being sent to stay with Mrs. Lewis; refers to visit by John Boyer; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates bad quality of wheat; would like if Jerdone visited during the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to Mr. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; reports date of vacation; discusses Mr. Lewis' horse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of \"Huttons Mathematicks\"; understands these sold for $8 in Fredericksburg; expects to be home in a week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of cherries and Mrs. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; sorry to hear of poor Meeny's end; \"... did not apprehend that he was going mad.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports weather and crops; refers to Mrs. Lewis' travels about Virginia; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports rain previous night; discusses Mr. Lewis' potatoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"sty\" on his left eye; thanks for the cherries; intends to arrive the following morning; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"chinches\" (bedbugs) and their troublesomeness; reports on crops and their development at the plantation; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; mentions the Bowdens? and Faulcon families and visit by Mr. Faulcon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Complains of \"chinches\" and condition of room; reports arrivals of boys remarking on absence of Moncures, Travers Daniel and G. Mitchell; discusses Mr. Lewis' crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and corn; refers to disease among hogs which has decreased number for fattening; reports releasing overseer because of woman he's taken up with; other business and family news; advice on paying the next overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to various family friends' visits; comments on laziness of the overseer and pay; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates the swelling of the North Anna river and problems caused by it; wagon of \"Negroe buyers\" and 40 enslaved persons stuck, sheep loose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on rain and its effects; refers to flooding of schoolhouse; reports on family friends; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports he and brother Frank have made geographic table of U.S.; gives information on Mrs. Lewis, Doctor Minor and absence of Willia m, George Mitchell and ? Crutchfield; refers to weather; reports appointed of classes with nine students in each; refers to tickets report cards? and exam on rules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives update on family; refers to health; reports on weather and crops; describes economic situation; refers to lack of Fruit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on apple harvest, sowing wheat and corn; gives an update of people at \"Llangollen\"; reports on visits from Isabella Pottie, Sally Toler, Garland Thompson, and Mrs. Lumbdon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports order for Irish potatoes by Mr. Lewis; refers to Frank Harris' visit and his business with Wm. Boyer's suit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on Mr. Lewis' Irish potatoes; refers to types of food eaten recently; reports on family friends; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses wheat sales of the full year; reports on hogs; relates death of son and wife's illness since.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to putting away ice; believes it is too early; refers to Mt-s. Lewis' hogs and Mr. Lewis having to buy all his meat this year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses means of dividing Providence Forge estate; refers to death of Princess Charlotte of England and her stillborn child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale and payment of corn; refers to bad behavior of an enslaved person who in ran away to Jerdone and is incredulous that he is still at Jerdone's; all enslaved personsare \"trying the overseer\" because they have all \"had their way\" for so long; makes proposal to buy Providence Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports trip went well and Mr. Lewis is ill; mentions a meeting at \"Elk Creek Metting House\" .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of health of two enslaved persons and Polly Chandler; reports Mr. Lewis has hired a new housekeeper, Katy Bell; relates the Dr.'s son's wounded leg is still in a bad condition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports Dr. Kean's son Julian was sent home to get payment for his tuition for the past five years; reports a portico will be built; Dr.'s son's leg is getting better; plans on being home Friday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports having three painful boils; discusses weather and crops; wheat looks bad all over and corn hasn't come up yet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Speaks of health and weather; intends to forward letter to Mr. Braikenridge; believes Jerdone should have sent his order to Braikenridge sooner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses corn crop and prices of sale; has deposited money for corn and wheat in U.S. Bank at Richmond; discusses conditions for payment for crops; hopes Jerdone doesn't blame him that account hasn't been paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses the rain received and the damage the North Anna? river has done by being so full.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresents bill for keeping of enslaved persons by the Sheriff of Albemarle; describes circumstances surrounding their imprisonment; reports they have been returned to their enslavers, explains Jerdone will be reimbursed by Clarkson's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes his travels to Washington including means and times of departure and arrival; impressed by the steamboat; describes Alexandria as \"regularly built\"; reports will be in Baltimore and then in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes countryside and bridges seen; describes development and expansion of city; describes \"Peales Museum\" and all the animals and human things there; refers to parade the day before of the militia and volunteers of Pennsylvania; refers to less expensive prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Describes their journey from Philadelphia through Trenton, Princeton and Brunswick, New Jersey; describes weather and roads; describes procession for General Montgomery and his funeral arrangements; reports the comforts of the steamboat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes their travels; expresses pleasure with the Northern states; discusses crops seen; reports articles shipped to Mr. James Innes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent bill of lading, invoice and goods for Mr. Francis Jerdone; hopes will be of service to Innes: discusses tobacco, wheat and flour prices. Including invoice of sundries shipped by Maury \u0026amp; Latham, Liverpool, England to James Innes, Richmond, Virginia, 3 August 1818.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to goods sent; reports hope for good crops; reports fire at Gallego's Mill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sold Jerdone's portion of the crop from the forge; describes conditions of the sale and prices; discusses depositing money into Richmond bank; hopes to join his family at the sulphur springs; needs for a new overseer, more enslaved persons and a new mill stone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports arrival of Minors and absence of Falcons; has called on the Doctor and he will give John the accountbefore he leaves; reports \"Old Davy\" died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports forwarding of letters from Liverpool; reports arrival of ship carrying goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to son's employment in \"procuring\" articles for the family; refers to death of Sarah Macon Jerdone; feels President's message to Congress gave flattering view of domestic and foreign conditions; reports prices in Britain of September 18 on tobaccoand cotton have had no variation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports articles sent by wagon, discusses prices for wheat; refers to death of grandmother Sarah Macon Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses mistakes made in his account.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent cask for cider; appreciates Jerdone's generosity; asks where sale will take place; requests he tell wife that Sally has written; asks for sister's book back if he has finished reading it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses money received for crops; refers to growth of hogs and corn crops; reports need for enslaved persons; relates going to Richmond around the 15th to put money in bank; if H?t is returned he shall not be whipped.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to request to keep Jerdone's inheritance at interest and make bond payable to Jerdone; reports has 20 sheep he can spare but they must be sent for soon or they won't be able to travel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent 31 hogs; reports also has sent 350 \"weight\" of cotton; refers to inability to spin cotton this year but promises it will be done next; requests shoes for a boy; reports will be going to Richmond to deposit money in bank.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses last letter and projected time of arrival of goods; refers to peace in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests one or two bottles of wine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Severe economic times; bears account, 1818-1819, of Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on prospects of sale of wheat and corn; sorry to hear that Jerdone doesn't believe money was put into the bank; explains circumstances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health and weather; reports refusal of Dank to cash check in part in gold; advised son to go to the Farmers Bank.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to an enslaved woman who he is glad was \"sent down as she went off without very little or no cause - she has not done one month's work for the last 3 years\"; discusses crops and prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and corn and prices; refers to forwarding of money from sale; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports to development of cotton, wheat and hogs; refers to prices at market; reports arrangements to repair \"dwelling house\"; other business news; labor shortage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 6-7. 65 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sorry to hear of illness of family; refers to his own illness; advises a new practice using \"Mercury and camphire\" artificial camphor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on offer for sale of wheat; reports on other crops and estimates yield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; reports on other crops' development and estimates prices; refers to hogs; refers to price of his part of the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent 50 hogs and 300 pounds of cotton; is sorry to hear that Jerdone can't buy his part of the farm; claims advantages would be greater in ownership by one person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health and weather; refers to \"demise of George the Third and of his son the Duke of Kent.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to untrustworthy mail system; reports gloomy prospect for crops; relates problems handling estate; overseers take advantage of her; reports couldn't get bricks for mother's tomb; refers to eye affliction of Cousin; refers to mother's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Consoles brother on illness of his wife; refers to crippled cousin whom she cares for; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge; refers to crops and weather; refers to letters from nephew William .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to and consoles on death of Jerdone's wife; refers to crippled cousin; fears trouble with the \"black property\" and the \"quarrels of our rulers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to death of \"your amiable lady\" Mary \"Polly\" Byars Jerdone; reports bad weather and damage done to crops; reports intention to pay largest bond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Desires to pay bond; requests a messenger who will bring money to Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports amount of payment on bond; refers to quality of crops; refers to lack of correspondence from George Braikenridge .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses accounts of Charles Thompsonand Mr. Mitchell; refers to death of Jerdone's wife; sorry to hear of Mrs. Isabella Mitchell'sill health; refers to his age and doubts that he will live another year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains delay of wagon; assures money is ready.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to loss of goods and wreckage of ship; assures the loss wasn't great and of the security of the debt with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on crops and prices received; reports on hogs and number lost by others due to eating mushrooms; enlaved persons need shoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses the assistance of John Lipscomb and Mr. Tyler in the settlement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests a small amount of money for a short trip he is taking.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on problem with neighbor about property line; refers to health; hired out enslaved persons; better then working for villainous overseers; and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; discusses Doctor'strip to New York and his sale of his Alabama property to Colonel Jones; reports on potato crop and thanks him for offer of apples.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on business, crops, and prices; reports on family movements and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent 41 hogs; apologizes for not having sent money for the corn sale but has lost pocketbook with money and accounts in it; promises to pay money in bank when family is well enough for him to go to Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health; refers to prices of food and scarcity of provisions; refers to problems with the executors of Wm. Mitchell's will; \"in the meantime the Negroes were going about working for those that would give them food\"; relates letter received from Doctor reporting daughter's death; refers to their leaving Virginia; refers to news of Frank and John Jerdone and George Mitchell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending payment for interest on bond; refers to ill-development of crops; refers to war between France and Spain; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; reports on receiving letter from the Doctorsaying he had sold his estate and referring to death of child; discusses crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has purchased all the interest of the Forge estate; made careful inspection of all court records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on crops and hogs; refers to division of property; hopes to stay in house another year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Desires to pay bond; plans return to native country for summer; Garland Mitchell will transact business in his James Innes absence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports bond has been delivered; promises to take letters to friends in England and to inquire of Mr. Braikenridge; sends good wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health and Sally's illness; refers to Doctor'sinjured leg; refers to Frank Jerdone and George Mitchell; refers to storm earlier in the week; reports on her health and offers a quarter of veal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses procurement of goods for enslaved persons; \"I therefore wish to know from you whether I am to get whiskey for Negros in harvest\"; reports on crops and needs for harvest; relates enslaved persons have recovered from the measles and have 53 lambs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson has come for two months; refers to news of Torn and Doctor; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge through Dr. Honyman; refers to fruit crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to death of Jerdone's servant Mima; discusses health; reports Sally Thompson left; reports on lack of rain and poor crops; needs new overseer; one she has is \"good for nothing, they will do for one year, after that they are \"indeferent\" indifferent; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses problems with shipping corn; reports losses from leaking ships; discusses sale of lambs to butcher; discusses cotton; refers to death of an enslaved child and widespread illness; relates Mr. Douglass' desire to build a fence around the Hill Estate; refers to Jerdone's desire for him to quit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports will be visiting on the 26th of August at an unnamed hour; hopes to be informed by brother before visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of last letter; refers to lack of established religion and implies morality is wanting in America; other family news. Including Copy of Autograph Letter Signed to Francis Jerdone, 20 February 1823. Comments on development of trade in Va.; reports lack of ships from Bristol bound for Va.; refers to possibility of war in Europe; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; reports George has left college Hampden-Sydney because of a falling out with the tutor; \"He means to go to this university as soon as it goes into operation\"; reports Tom is in \"Carraccas\" and Frank has been sick all summer; complains about overseer; reports crops doing poorly; claims \"young Honyman\" is a worthless creature and has been sending accounts to her for money she does not owe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on family visits and health; refers to crops and food supplies; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; complains about overseers; reports Charles Thompson has found a new overseer for following year; relates a chair bought for her to ride around the plantation; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; reports son George will go back to Hampden-Sydney; \"He returns to Hampden-Sydney the 1 of July, he had a trip there about ten days ago, they have an entire set of new teachers so he agreed to go back. I had much rather he was there than at this university there is not the same temptation for extravagance\"; reports news of Doctor Honyman'spoor condition; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson's children are very ill; reports George began class; has not heard from the Doctor; reports overseer seems to be industrious; complains of neighbors stealing her livestock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports no new cases of small pox; discusses material necessary for \"netting the sain seine\"; gives idea of cost to make netting; discusses crops and weather; reports many newborn children, lambs, and calves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health, reports wet weather has delayed planting; complains of enslaved persons stealing her livestock and goods; refers to hired out enslaved person who ran away; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNeeds new cotton machine; discusses health of enslaved persons; has finished seine [?] but it is too short; refers to bad conduct of son's servant; discusses running away of three enslaved persons; complains of ungratefulness; family news; P.S. enslaved persons have returned; promises to be more strict with them as they have become spoiled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs there is little hope for sister's Isabella Jerdone Mitchell recovery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Hopes to share fences at the plantation until next fall because Jerdone's are in such bad condition and he won't be able to fix them during this season.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Writes to announce and arrange funeral service for her \"mother\"; describes intended service and expresses respect for strength of her \"mother.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Writes to explain he expects corn prices to rise; discusses severe weather of past week; relates other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports death of Va. Thompson; reports illness of cousin Garland Thompson; requests for body of child to be interred by grave of the Mitchell's child; reports also illness of George Mitchell at Hampden-Sydney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has wanted to write until corn was beaten and wheat cleaned and measured; reports had waited to get the cotton machines in Richmond because of illness of overseer and son but went recently; didn't receive it as appearance too small; other family news, business and reference to health of the \"Black People.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends tombstones for Aunt Isabella Jerdone Mitchell and for his Garland Thompson daughter; includes 7 instructions of how stones should be placed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for not following Jerdone's wishes with the hogs; discusses progress in sale of crops; requests a few more horses to tend the crops better; refers to improvements in farm system; reports on illness in the area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; hopes to begin fishing soon; refers to fondness of \"the Black People\" to run away and reports some instances; gives count of livestock and tells of loss of mule; reports work done on land and repair of fences; discusses health in area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on weather and development of crops; refers to health of \"the People\" enslaved persons as in \"better health.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports death of George Braikenridge and his Francis Jerdone youngest son, James; refers to weather and other business concerns. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to his nephew, George Weare Braikenridge 1827, concerning account of entire Jerdone family and their doings. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to Garland Thompson 18 September 1827, concerning bond of mortgage held by his Garland Thompson father that he Francis Jerdone would like to settle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crops and the effects of the past weather on them; discusses clearing of land for future corn crops; refers to illness of enslaved persons, the people suffer much for want of blankets, in severe instances we have been compelled to furnish them ourselves when sick or they would have suffered very much; reports illness of Mrs. Watkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses improvements done on the estate, especially on the field called \"hell swamp\"; reports on planting, amount of crops and sales; refers to possibility of a Dr. Morris summoning Mr. Jerdone as to why there is no public road through his tract of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to amount lost during drought the previous year; hopes to make estate more profitable through his management; reports on improvements of estate; discusses sale of crops and prices; discusses weather and water supply; discusses health of the Black People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Writes of father's George Braikenridge death on January 6, 1827; writes of his father's life; reports on family news; discusses health and business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Complains of bad quality of corn; requests he take back the remaining 200 bushels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; discusses changes in town buildings; gives town news; asks for news of the family in Va.; discusses weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses wheat crop and estimates grain expected; gives report of progress of crops; describes goods sent; refers to health of \"the Black People.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes work done in the fields and improvements of the estate; discusses planting of crops and weather; refers to the neighbors' crops; discusses health of enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas sent two barrels of fish; reports on quality of the crops; discusses weather; reports illness among enslavesd persons gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses pleasure in prospect of Jerdone visiting; refers to progress of crops and weather; reports on rumors of uprising of enslaved persons; refers to many in jail in Norfolk, Gloucester, and Williamsburg; hopes to visit Jerdone in August; discusses health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and planting; refers to letter from John Lewis; refers to interests in digging gold; doubts the opinions on finding gold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to painful boils; reports forced to wait to slaughter hogs because of weather; reports roads poor for visit; refers to crops and harvesting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on progress of wheel repairing; reports accident of Barbara had which cut her left eye; refers to misconduct of Minny, an enslaved woman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather and killing hogs; reports sent hogs for Stubbs allowance; refers to bother by people fox hunting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to injury of Barbara's eye; refers to poor business lately; hopes to visit soon; refers to an escaped enslaved person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on health of enslaved persons and family; refers to weather in terms of crops; reports marriage of two enslaved persons if no objections come from the rest of the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending cornmeal and hominy; reports filling ice house; refers to health and bad weather; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports progress on carriage body; reports new mill shaft ready to be put in; refers to bad weather and delay in ploughing .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports new mill shaft in and working; reports good weather and condition of crops; asks for $100 for clothes and a \"phial of ink\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports ploughing going well and wheat has mended from frost; returns knife; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to grinding of wheat and corn; apologizes that wheat isn't done but explains it would have required stopping work on dam; refers to water rising; reports that dam work is first priority and cotton will be ginned when dam is finished; hopes weather will continue to be good as he has not begun planting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Offers to fix wheelbarrow; refers to not going to courthousefollowing day; reports a F lock of swans which flew over his house; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to death of Aunt Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay; refers to plowing and progress of crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Acknowledges receipt of goods; reports sowing plant patches of vegetables and tobacco; discusses weather and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses letter sent to John Jerdone; reports crops and progress in ploughing; refers to illness of the Black People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports fine weather and progress of crops; reports repaired wheelbarrow; refers to mill running well with new shaft; requests cloves and seeds for radishes and lettuce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather; reports on sending wheelbarrow as well as other things; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done to property; refers to \"syd\" who has been wandering between plantations; reports crops p1anted; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports return of Syd to the plantation; refers to his not whipping him; reports of sowing conditions for the oats; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports working on the road; is not in favor of removing Watkins; reports high waters in the river; refers to sowing oats; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports weather conditions and effects on crops: refers to preacher's visit for dinner as well as Jno. Bronaugh; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on plowing and planting progress; requests $100; inquires after his brother Frank; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports damage done to the dam; reports recommencement of both grinding and sowing; refers to the return of the \"gold-hunters\" but hasn't heard their success rate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses wife's illness for which he brought her to Williamsburg to see Dr. Gault Galt; refers to illness of the \"Black People\"; discusses crops and prices; 2 refers to fishing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather; refers to lagging tobacco prices; refers to attraction of gold mines; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses wife's poor health and Dr. Gault's gait; low opinion of her recovery; discusses enslaved person illness as well; reports on progress of crops and weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses wife's health and plans to take her \"up the country\"; discusses harvesting, crops, and business; refers to anticipated visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Watkins; reports on weather and crops; expresses father's opinion on travel; refers to delivery of crops and preparations; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; refers to rain and rise of water; reports this not sufficient to start grinding; reports on condition of carriage and lists some repairs needed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health of himself and enslaved persons; reports wife's death and when funeral will be preached; discusses crops and expected prices; suggests waiting to sell corn until following year to get better price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has gotten roads passable again; late frost has done no injury to dam; grinding and sawing again; gold hunters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to ill health; reports on weather and crop development.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Thanks father for the veal; reports runaway has returned and received a \"remembrance for his past conduct\"; reports wet weather preventing ploughing the low ground.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses unfavorable wet weather for ploughing the low lands; discusses crops and suggests waiting to sell corn until following year; advises to sell wheat as soon as possible; refers to tolerable health of the servants but fears a sickly fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses going ashore of boat shipping goods and damage of goods; thankful not to have lost all goods; refers to change in weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat by brother William; refers to enclosure of William's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of turkeys and lead; refers to brothers Frank and William's sale of wheat; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; refers to William's letter; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has sent bags of feathers and jug for vinegar; reports water has done no damage to the mill except some swelling of the machinery; refers to visit of next day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports safe receipt of goods and servants; promises to send servants back to assist with hogs; reports plan to go to Louisa Court following day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather; requests to know when servants are needed for hogs; reports has slaughtered his hogs and were tolerably well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to visit with family at Mrs. Smith's; expresses disappointment that brothers Frank and William had not returned; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather; reports marriage of son of Captain John Graves; refers to prolonged absence of brothers Williamand Frank; refers to Dr. Macaulay's gold fever; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Glad to hear brothers Frank and William are home; reports John Bronaugh has left for Abbingdon Abington, Va.? through Richmond to engage in the mercantile line; reports has stopped grinding because of rain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sale of oats; refers to weather and roads preventing travel; refers to wheels repaired and ready to be sent; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on \"real winter weather\"; refers to heavy snowfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on bad weather and health of family; refers to filling ice house; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses repairs needed at houses; suggests purchasing two enslaved persons to work as carpenters; refers to snow and possibility of injuring crops; describes need for thrashing machine and grinding rocks among others; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses weather; refers to sale of an enslaved person, named Syd; reports his behavior was unmanageable and he was a poor example to the others; describes conditions of sale; refers to goods sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to illness of wife Barbara; expects arrival of George Garrett and Jesse Stubbs after the sale of an enslaved person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports wife Barbara is better; reports on attempt to sell an enslaved person; refers to need of character letter needed for the sale; intends to sell the enslaved person for $500; discusses weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses continued snow; refers to departure of Jesse Stubbs to \"dispose of Syd\"; plans on having cart fixed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health and weather; refers to dining with brother Frank; awaits return of Jesse Stubbs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health; reports sale of Syd for $450; surprised at difficulty in selling an enslaved person; refers to purchase by J. Lewis of 280 acres of land in the suburbs of Cincinnati; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to gifts sent and health of family; refers to conditions of sale of Syd; refers to meal, corn and hominy sent down; reports on poor weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health; refers to repaired cart wheels; reports river is high from rain and thaw; relates that Syd has been hired out by Mr. Boxley for iron works; plans to plant chestnuts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to visit to Mrs. Smith; refers to hopes to begin ploughing .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses attempt to find carpenter to repair houses; suggests patching houses to protect harvest; hopes oysters pleased Jerdone's father; reports have begun ploughing; believes crops look good in relation to amount of bad weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports rise of river and damage done to dam and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses in length the repairs needed on dam and the attempts to repair it; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has repaired dam but doubts it will last long; requests plot made of land by Gabriel Long to see where one of the corners of the back line of property is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; reports on weather and commencement of plowing; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses cotton crop; reports has set out all the trees and would like some more; discusses health of family especially Hannah; discusses progress of crops and news on the dam; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to repairing road; discusses moving \"Abb\" from the mill to cook and spin; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sent down the cart to receive goods requested; refers to health of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports of wife Barbara's health; refers to river rising and damage done; discusses weather and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to his illness and the treatments he's undergone; refers to difficulty in getting carpenters to repair houses; recommends buying a threshing machine; refers to health of enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health of family; expresses desire for a visit; refers to peach and cherry blossoms; reports on obtaining a \"marten-pole\" for purple martin house and describes it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to wife Barbara's health; reports on weather and crops; refers to timber to be sent to Francis Jerdone; refers to martinhouse raised; reports on river and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on progress in whitewashing; refers to planting of crops; discusses enslaved persons which have been 'lent' to Francis Jerdone and advises he keep them longer; refers to hands hired to work in garden; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports getting goods requested except the pantaloons; reports business is dull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for spoiled fish; refers to crops; reports rise in river; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to a meeting attended at the Good Hope Meeting House; refers to weather; reports dwindling corn supply.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to cold spell of weather; reports corn difficult to get; suggests buying it in Fredericksburg which may be cheaper; discusses accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Promises to work on getting corn; further discussion of improvements on farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has received corn from Fredericksburg; will wait until this is gone before another shipment, expects prices to be lower.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports can spare 16 posts if needed; refers to want of rain; reports has sent corn down; reports frost and cold spring; relates intention of having a regular account of quantity of corn ground kept by Stubbs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to dry weather; reports low river having effect on grinding; refers to reports of assemblies of Black persons in the woods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to health of family; refers to health of the enslaved persons; discusses work and repairs needed on farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather and crops; relates news from brother John; lists goods to buy; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses injury of crops by rain and \"fly\"; refers to damage to the mills by the rain; reports damage to other mills in area and bridges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses interest in advertisement for overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health and illness of the Garland Thompson family; reports has changed his mind and will marry Eliza immediately rather than wait a year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates stay in Richmond after wedding; explains lateness of hogs because of bad roads and weather; discusses business of crops; refers to a Doctor he would like to avoid traveling with when he comes to visit; refers to weather and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses cold weather and health of the family; refers to the visit of Doctor Bohannon ?, friend of Frank's; expresses gratitude for the oysters; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses desire to court her; signed \"amor vincit omnion .\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses the establishment of the Episcopal Church; refers to rivalry between Episcopalian and Methodist factions in town; refers to rumours of cholera spreading toward them; refers to engagement to his sister Sarah Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of recommendation for Mr. Robert Myrrick; employs such things as farming ability, handling of Black persons and his deserving \"liberal wages.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Phillip Brooks as overseer. Letter from Jourdon Woolfolk, September 17, 1832. Recommending Phillip Brooks for employmentElliott Dejarnette, Spotsylvania County, 18 September 1832, recommending Phillip Brooks as overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses interest in position of overseer for one of the two Jerdone plantations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. Toombs as manager of a plantation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Henry Randolph as manager of an estate. Including letter from John B. Clopton, 24 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as a manager. Also including letter from John Winship ?, 25 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as manager.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. John Toombs and Mr. Turner Chapman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests to see estate and business before accepting position of manager.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr. and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia. Recommends Mr. Henry Randolph as manager of Jerdones' estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr.and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate providing there are \"liberal wages.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate; gives some places of previous employment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; gives long list of references for recommendations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; explains he is not employed now, gives references.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Receipt of five dollars for blacksmith work done; relays that ten cent change will be returned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses his health and that of the family; reports he has sent a gun and four mattresses; refers to several letters from other siblings; makes reference to his seeing \"the second white person\" since William left; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to family health; reports deaths of Mr. or Mrs. Tyler and B. Spicer; relays illness of John Coleman; refers to river being high; discusses business and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on trip of William and Sarah and their spouses to Washington, Baltimore and Philadelphia; reports on weather and crops; complains bitterly about overseers in general; discusses quality of servants and enslaved persons, hiring of enslaved persons; lists birds seen; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on weather; refers to trip to Richmond of friends when stage broke down; refers to sentencing of murderer; reports on crops; refers to health of business; refers to businessmen starting their businesses again after being in arrears, including \"Levy the Jew\"; refers to \"Negroes selling at a good price\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to brother William's trip to New Kent; reports on crops and planting; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jerdone, Richmond, Virginia. Discusses health; requests that William retain the withdrawal from the bank until a safe time to send it; requests a pair of slippers, a pair of shoes, since he is \"almost crippled with wearing\" those made (?) by Minny, an enslaved person\" and other articles; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather and rainfall; discusses crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses destruction of crops by flood; explains brother's losses and repair work that must be done on the mill; discusses his own crops and business; needs new lock for smokehouse - \"some of them have a false key to the door by which they can get in at their pleasure\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to health and loss of crops in floods; reports that Clayton will move enslaved persons from Smithfield because of an outbreak of cholera; discusses weather and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of his family and that of the \"Black People\"; discusses business: crops, prices, and weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health of enslaved persons and livestock; refers to status of crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses agreement in proposition to pay $50 for Joe for the next year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Lists goods needed that he forgot to Include in his letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy for his loss; encourages him to come visit with his daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy and consolation to Jerdone in the loss of his wife; describes his own wife's illness; refers to death of his daughter, Margaret; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses damage done by rain; refers to planting and crops; reports also some business; discusses fishing and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health of family; relates violent incident between an enslaved father and his son; refers to company he has hosted; discusses planting Irish potatoes in the garden; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses family health; reports status of all crops: wheat, corn, and oats; proposes buying a machine for the grain; reports no horses to spare; reports on livestock and enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports difficulty in finding a machine to rent to bring in wheat crop; refers to vessel sent by William Scott which will be loaded the following day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on plans to lend servant to Mr. Walton and explains Mr. Walton's son will take him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes damage done to crops by rain; reports poor quality of crops; discusses some prices for corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses heavy rains and violent weather and damage incurred; discusses difficulty In grinding grain; lists mills damaged; reports poor quality of crops; other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his daughter; refers to her distress and the sale of her horse and and of an enslaved person; begs Jerdone to buy Philis, her favorite servant, which John N. Moss would then hire back; gives list of the enslaved woman's good qualities; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Feels bill of sale for property need not be recorded at Court House since sold to Jerdone; will arrange bill of sale with Clayton Coleman when he arrives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to recent sale of property to him William Jerdone and final settlements; sends Phillis over to avoid her being taken by sheriff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Proposes means for Mr. John Moss to pay off his debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crops and prices; relates recapture of enslaved person and resistance by one; refers to poor condition of mill and attempts at restoration; refers to sale of horses; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires about matter of \"brother John's man Dabney\" and whether the deed of trust on him is good.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs of the death of his father, Charles Thompson; requests Jerdone to make arrangements; requests presence of Mr. Bower to read service and John Smith and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests copy of household property given to Mr. Winston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports settlement on Moss affair; reports enslaved persons will be sold as soon as possible, which is 28th of May.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports health of Maria Clayton; expresses sympathy for Jerdone's tooth \"affliction\"; reports brother John's visit; refers to Jerdone's daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to advertisement for sale of Moss property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels should sell enslaved persons for cash; expresses sorrow for Mrs. Moss' situation and hopes to visit next Tuesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports amount of sale; relates story of his excitement on that day over a man's accusation that he was dishonest; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Offers horse if needed; refers to his bad cold; refers to meeting at Court House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports \"carry-all\" has arrived to bring enslaved persons to court; asks if they should leave that day or wait until the next morning.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuggests that William and John Jerdone might buy Dabney, and enslaved person, from him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports no need to buy articles for him as he cannot use them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Asks him and Mr. Coleman whether they will purchase goods which are listed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses auction of persons enslaved by Moss and his purchase of one named Dabney; refers to clearing of accounts by Coleman and Thompson; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses attempt to sell Dabney; discusses his health; refers to crops and weather; refers to other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends two shoats little weaned pigs; reports visit by sheriff; refers to health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses family health; worries that their health is not improving; asks for any left over tomatoes; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports daughter Maria has recovered from her illness; glad to hear of Clayton's safe arrival; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Recommends two men for the position of manager of the forge; lists good qualities; also includes fault of one as being \"too easy with the Negroes\"; both have small families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports loss of his wife; expects to leave position within the year; refers to splitting of estate between William and Francis Jerdone; other business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains his reasons for having advertised for a manager on his brother's behalf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains that he can't move West at a later time; proposes he stay on until following crop; family will be smaller; discusses wages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to completion of list of stock and enslaved persons for the forge and estate in Charles City; refers to move West; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Notifies that bond for Joe's hire has been sent though \"it is not customary for me to send funds by Negroes\"; requests notice of receipt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Writes that he's in solitary confinement and begs Jerdone to come and see him; requests his wife come, too.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports went to courthouse in reference to sundry cases and the situation of bail; discusses details of legal matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses deep affection for William Jerdone; refers to the slanderous remarks about her treatment of her niece which she hopes will be recognized as false.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to process of acknowledgement of property by new owners; reports on crops and prices; refers to travels by Clayton Coleman; refers to plans of various individuals to move to Alabama and Arkansas; refers to accident of Tom Mitchell's brother, William; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to efforts to construct a smokehouse and details of construction; refers to how long he will stay; discusses crops, prices, and business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses disappointment in not having seen William on his trip; encourages him to write while he's away; refers to business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Not surprised at disappointment over sawyers and carpenters; refers to disagreement between William and brother Frank over division of estate; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to construction work Jerdone plans on having done; expresses great interest in taking on job.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health of family, weather and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather; relates story of death of \"Dick Luck\"; refers to severe cold; discusses business and work done on the estate; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses disagreement in building a log house; feels It is not worth his time; relates details of contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports weather and crops; expresses approval on course of action against W. Shell; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains his delay because of the weather; promises to arrive as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates death of his father, Charles Thompson; sends overseer and two hands to dig grave; asks to have location of mother's grave pointed out so father can be buried next to it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses plans for approval of estates including appraiser's names, charge and suggestions; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to John Jerdone's appraisal of his estate; discusses livestock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates death of grandson; refers to John's appraisal; gives advice on livestock and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the progress of the appraisal; refers to the appraisal of the \"Hell Swamp\" to settle the debt of William Holt to Sarah Macon Jerdone and Francis Jerdone, Sr.; gives appraisal of enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawn up by Frederick Harris, C. Y. Kimbrough, and Charles Thompson, sent to Francis Jerdone senior.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for his disappointment and refers to plans for him to pick up his things any time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to discussion with father of dividing the estate; plans to move his share of enslaved persons from Forge; refers to weather and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: crops, Improvements on estate, sales.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on corn crop and attempts to sell it; refers to cotton; refers to well-being of enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: crops, prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Thanks him for the watermelons; proposes going to Richmond together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses business: delivery of crops, prices, health of enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: begin to make bricks, crops, prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs him of the health of Phillis .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, picking cotton, and delivering corn; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to family health; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, crops, livestock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses business: crops, sales; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Agrees to price for 8 servant's hire for coming year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses damages of an enslaved person; refers to brother's new daughter; refers to health; discusses crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to high price of hogs; relates idea of buying offal such as heads and chine of hogs and feeding enslaved persons with it; refers to railroads; reports birth of a daughter; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to John's purchase of hogs; refers to John's filling his ice house; lists goods desired from Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to pork he bought; reports illness of family prevents him from visiting; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Thanks for the oysters; refers to health of family; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes health; refers to crop prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses family's health; refers to weather; refers to bond of Charles Thompson; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses family health; refers to weather; reports operation of railroad and its route; discusses reasons for high price for enslaved persons; refers to smallpox outbreak; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to Maria's accident and death of enslaved persons; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on death and illness of enslaved persons; refers to health of family; reports on crops and prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports death of sister Mary Jerdone Toler and funeral arrangements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to William's loss of enslaved persons; reports death of aunt Mary Jerdone Pottie Toler and arrangements for burial; discusses weather; reports on crops and animals; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to John's gift to his brothers of two homesick enslaved persons; reports on weather and slow progress of fruit; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"Hilpik\"s Helpit? death; discusses weather and crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates condition of crops; has been cutting grain; refers to death of a mule; refers to health of enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to brother Frank's poor health; reports began cutting oats; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInforms him William Jerdone that he intends to quit; outlines terms for his leaving; reports on health of enslaved persons and condition of crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health of Maria Jerdone; refers to Maria Coleman's affliction of worms; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses sale of corn and other business; refers to daughter Maria's health; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Introduces himself and applies to become manager of estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of family; reports on crops and shortage of hands to son; refers to sale of his possessions; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of family; speaks of crops and business; requests certain goods from Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains how debt owed to him and Sarah Macon Jerdone by William Holtwas was settled; refers to weather; requests goods from Richmond; birds; doubts insurrection of enslaved persons, but public must be on its guard; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses interest in hiring a blacksmith from Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests him to do various errands for him while in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to arrangements while he William is in Richmond and errands to do; discusses game birds, passenger pigeons and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemarks on weather and crops; reports on John Jerdone's family; reports on illness of an enslaved person and describes her treatment; refers to difficulties between U.S. and Canada and fears war; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on wife's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses gladness that sister's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is better; explains won't be possible to visit at father's house but hopes to see him soon; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on weather; refers to recent railroad accident; relates story of Sandy Whitton who stole an enslaved person and tried to sell him; refers to crops and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to weather; expresses disappointment that daughter's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is seriously endangered again; reports large number of pigeons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia . Discusses weather and family health; discusses business and crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to his health and health of family; refers to weather, crops and birds; reports a recent field fire; relates story of dead cat stuck under floorboards of new addition to the house; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Takes opportunity of messenger to send a note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to family's health; reports on weather and progress of crops; gets along better without any overseer; requests bale of cotton; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to family health; reports on weather and progress of crops; acknowledges receipt of bale of cotton; account of the murder of Mr. Thornley, a man in the neighborhood, by one of his enslaved persons; requests errands done for him in Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction that his previous letter was not received and the brown paint he requested turned out to be black upon receipt; refers to weather and strawberries and other garden crops; refers to family health and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses regret to hear Sarah Jerdone Coleman has relapsed with disease; requests goods from Richmond; requests frequent accounts of Sarah Coleman's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; \"I thought at one time all the hoe hands would give out but 6, they appeared to stand very well, those that had flagged I told them to moderate their gate (gait), and in the Heat of day I tell all the Hands to go to the House, give them some whiskey to drink and tell them to refresh themselves for 2 or 3 hours at a time, and give them as much meat as they could eat during the warm weather.. .\"; refers to James Brown coming to look at the Lighter; \"the Old Doctress woman brought Patients home... and said her foot is entirely well, but is very tender... the old woman wanted the $25 very bad, said if she went home without the money her mistress would go crazy - she says if her foot brakes out any more she will coure (cure) it for nothing... she wants to undertake Elva...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports couldn't get new \"Iron shaff shaft and chain\" for the machine so fixed old ones; reports on harvest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on Jerdone's daughter Maria's health; tells how she can spell words of two syllables; refers to rain which has delayed seeding; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on quality and size of the crops; refers to health and colds and how only three of seven of Mitchell's children turned out well; gives list of goods needed from Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to fire at Eagle Tavern and the aid of the snow to prevent further damage; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has received word that the deed has been prepared; plans on coming the 26th to record it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Remarks on granddaughter Maria, her health, and letter writing; reports health of son John and family and Billy and illness of old Abram who is 83 and is three months and ten days older then Jerdone; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates story of mistreated, dissatisfied enslaved person, Grandison, who had come for help; claimed mistreatment by ? Weir.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to son Frank's trip to Norfolk by steamboat and back by train; gives listing of enslaved persons' health; Abram has died, Minny is next oldest; Grandison; discusses crops and livestock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on inquiry into Weir's character; reports he managed matter and has hired Grandison out as blacksmith until William comes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to visit by Doctor Garland for \"Miss Jane\"; reports Grandison will continue working until William can see his work; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on the fowl which have begun to hatch; tells of all the fruits and vegetables which are sprouting in the garden; reports on John Jerdone'sfamily and on William's daughter Maria; two enslaved persons robbed plant patch of tobacco; neighbor and overseer came over and argued with enslaved persons for over an hour; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses whether to send \"the Bull\" down to the ironworks and enter into any sort of bargain; reports receipt of goods; reports on progress of crops; refers to destruction of wheat by \"the Fly\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses anticipation of forthcoming visit; reports on health of daughter Maria; expresses gratitude for Jerdone's help; other family news. Including Autograph Note Signed from Maria C. Jerdone to her father, William Jerdone, New Kent Court House, Virginia, concerning her health, reminder of messages from \"Aunt Sinthy,\" and her desire to see her father.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses gladness at safe return home; reports an improving health of son John, who is recovering from the dysentery; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports the health of the family and describes the illness that afflicts them; reports illness in town which has resulted in closing the school; refers to the failing health of their father Francis Jerdone, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses disappointment in failure to sell corn crop; reports on health of family and hands; reports on chores he intends to complete; refers to receipt of \"Lighter\" boat and putting it up; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Note of purchase of $1136.85 for corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports has sold wheat for $120 per busheland gives terms of sale; reports this is the highest sale of \"red wheat\" for some time; reports also sale of corn at 62 1/2 cents; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports damage done to mill by severe weather; reports on crops and harvest; expresses sorrow for William's loss of crops and damage done to farm; refers to killing owls; comments on \"lawless people\" called fox hunters; and other idle people who have overkilled the partridges and wild turkeys; refers to absence of these birds; other family news. Letter contains a copy of Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone concerning health of Jerdone's daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on cold weather; refers to progress of harvesting and processing crops; requests errands to be done when William is in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses weather and the getting of ice for the \"Pitt\" ; reports on the crops and how much they harvested; taming of owls; refers information on William's daughter, Maria, to John Coleman as he has not seen her; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eiRefers to Illness among the enslaved persons; refers to injury of \"Joe, the smith's\" hand; reports seeing three [?Martins] and comments on the lateness for this; refers to United States-Great Britian conflict over Northeast boundary; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains delay because of receipt of white pine lumber; describes different ways of setting up an account with their company. Also Includes receipt for $18.75 from William Jerdone to Webb, Booker, and Hamilton, Richmond; June 20, 1840.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sorrow to hear father Francis Jerdone, Sr. has become weaker; promises to spend more time with him; explains why he hasn't in the past as the inconvenience it causes him father; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates having gone to see the train pass; reports on crops and fowl; gives list of goods desired; refers to business of land; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes latest developments on plantation; reports weather and damage done to crops; refers to his recent illness; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops, livestock, weather and business; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses intent to settle the account with William Coleman, MAG Coleman and John G. B. Coleman; proposes several times and days to meet to settle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses family health and crops; lists goods needed from Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses concern over overseers' health; fears he may have to seed wheat; hopes Mr. Coleman's delay is not \"occasioned by any sickness\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on wheat sowing; hopes to finish by mid-November; expresses wife Barbara's desire to go to Richmond with William; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to sickness In area; refers to weather and crops; refers to voting In election for Harrison; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on illness of a Black boy boy; expresses disappointment of not seeing William before the snow and regrets his inability to visit; discusses crops and hogs; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports death of his riding horse and asks to borrow one; requests he pay account for him on his trip; reports on size of corn crop; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on weather; refers to brother John's farm and crops, also the inefficiency of his overseer; requests bacon for both the white family and some for the enslaved; other family news. Includes note from Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone January 3, 1841 concerning health of his daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to family health; reports story of man being swept downriver; refers to \"earthquake\" which he believes was a meteor; refers to crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports wheat has been delivered; gives weight and price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates health of family; discusses receipt of payment from bond with John Holladay; refers to bond with Mr. Ward; discusses other business; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests William to purchase The History of the War of American Independence,Translated from the Italian by James Otis while in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of the \"hands\"; gives day by day account of planting progress and upkeep of farm from the 10th to the 20th; refers to illness of \"the old man\" Francis Jerdone, Sr.].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses grief at news of father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] illness; explains he can't come visit because of an injured ankle; expresses hope God will spare his father until he can visit; laments misfortune at not being at his father's side during his illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of the servants; gives report on weather and crops; reports on livestock and upkeep of farm; gives prices and amount of crops harvested; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to letter sent to Mr. Anderson of Williamsburg relating death of father Francis Jerdone Sr.]; refers to items of the estate which he had borrowed; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Informs Jerdone that he has a farm he is willing to sell if Jerdone is interested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses crops and weather; gives day by day schedule of planting, seeding, and weather; gives expectation of size of crops; also prices for crops sold; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires after health of Maria Jerdone]and William; sends articles for Maria; inquires time brother Clayton Coleman]will arrive; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports that brother-in-law] Frank Jerdone]has advised his wife not to sign over the deed to Coleman; angry as this was in place of his part of the estate; explains his feelings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Extends thanks for the cherries; speaks of the family's health; hopes for a visit from William] soon; corrects him that Louisa Court day is not for another week; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advises on the health of Maria Jerdone]during her recovery; advises cold shower baths through November; extends thanks for the cherries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses pleasure that Maria's fever has left and believes there is no inflammation of lungs; sends crackers for Maria; reports intention to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2 pages Autograph Letter Signed. Reports Maria's Jerdone]health has improved but cannot begin baths because of the cold wet weather; refers to stomach and bowel disorders with the servants; reports on crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses gratitude for letter and candy; requests a visit to see Maria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports his illness and the effect it had on his getting this done; refers to progress of crops; refers to illness of servants; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sending of payment for corn to agent in Richmond; gives introduction of Jerdone to pick up payment; suggests he obtain a \"regular\" introduction as precaution against this letter being obtained by an imposter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports of the sickness of the family; reports on health of Maria Jerdone]; refers to amount of wheat he has sowed; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates weather and his trip to Fredericksburg; reports prices for wheat and bacon there; refers to family's improved health; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes affliction of whooping cough of Maria, Leonora and Willie O.; refers to a fighting incident at Mrs. Nelson Moss; reports on crops and weather; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes children's affliction of whooping cough; refers to hiring of enslaved persons; Grandison not willing to go over the mountains again; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to writ tax which is due; refers to bonds given to Heterick for Miller; requests six dollars sent to him as uncertain when they will see each other again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on health of the \"people\" enslaved persons; expects to finish ditches this week; has hung up meat; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives report of progress on the farm; reports on health of servants; refers to completion of the ditches; refers to ploughing and hauling manure; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health of family; 5 Black children died of whooping cough; refers to weather; reports on packing and moving Francis Jerdone's things from the \"old house;\" other family news. Also includes document of letter to Mr. Adams from Francis Jerdone, May ?], describing health of the family, discussing weather, requesting Adams to give funeral service over enslaved persons, other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to notice of sale of \"Mount Sterling\"; inquiries of the quality of the timber and terms of sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on unloading ship; includes statement of sales; reports on health and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on business transactions for sale of wheat; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses desire for him to visit; refers to Willie O. who is anxious to go hunting again; refers to nice weather and playing outdoors. Including letter from John Jerdone, Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia], 3 March 1842 concerning weather, preparations for crops and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sorrow for his \"sunpain\"; refers to box of toys received from Mr. Levy of Fredericksburg; expresses desire for him to visit; other family news. Including John Jerdone, Spottsylvania County, Virginia]to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County], Virginia, 10 March 1842 concerning health of family and servants, farm business and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on burning land to clear it for planting; reports on condition of land; refers crops and weather; reports on children's health; refers to several fires in the area; reports on settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses deep feelings for family members; gives account for business for month of March; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses gratitude for assistance; requests flour, fish, and candles; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on family health and crops; requests lock and hinges for box he is making; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on progress of business; Samuel?] Putney will go into shoe business; gives account for past month; refers to health of family and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses health of family and progress of crops; refers to errands done for him in Richmond and work being done on the estate; considers purchasing a threshing machine Parker's]; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Apologizes for not having written with Uncle John Jerdone's] letter; requests a long comb and a \"bose\" of eyes and hooks, also pink \"riband\" ; reports Willie O. got a new gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to sister's wish for copy of portrait of father; recommends Mr. James Westhall] Fordas a portrait painter; inquires if Francis Jerdone would like a copy of portrait of father; \"It will cost from forty to forty-five dollars which is upwards of an hundred dollars less then your brother paid Sully\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses her health; refers to Jerdone's headaches; recommends remedy for them which she outlines; reports recommendation for a farm for sale if still interested; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on weather and progress of crops; refers to erecting their father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] tomb; refers to poor state of the gravesite; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to health of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler]; reports beginning of \"thrashing machine\"; requests either \"Smith's or Olneys geography and atlas\"; other family news. Includes letter Signed from Jno. Jerdone Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to his brother, William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling\", Charles City County], Virginia, dated 20 August 1842. Reports on broken threshing] machine and describes how it's broken; refers to William Jerdone's loss of cattle; describes how to cure particular ailment of the cattle; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to ill-health of Mrs. Moss; reports on weather and progress of crops; reports on work being done on the estate; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports the death of Mary] Moss; explains delay of last letter; reports work done on estate including enclosure built around father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] gravesite; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports health of family; expresses concern in not having received a letter from him William] in three weeks; reports progress of crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2 pages. Letter Signed. Concerning sale of corn; bears account of William Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to Willie O's new pigeon box and his bird hunting; refers to Dr. Garland's return from Missouri and lack of visits; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on health of family; refers to \"unworkmanlike Job\" done by Howard and refers to action taken against him; refers to routine plantation chores; reports on loss of horse and describes how it happened; mentions worthless overseer; requests William Jerdone to settle account disagreement with agent in Richmond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests payment from him [William Jerdone] for bonnets repaired for Mary Moss; refers to death of Mary Moss and welfare of her children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on health and weather; reports on progress of fence; refers to attempts to get ice; refers to behavior of enslaved persons, insolence of Jimmy and its settlement by giving him a correction; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses appreciation for things sent; refers to Willie O's pigeons; requests two pigeons when he comes to visit; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports family health; refers to oats crop; makes plans for trip to Gordonsville to meet each other; questions necessity of his role in settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports discovery of marl on south boundary of Jerdone land; requests permission to use the marl he has found and any he may find. Letter from Richard Tucker, New Kent County, Virginia]to William] Jerdone dated 27 April 1843 concerning developments and progress of crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Offers to present bond against Charle]s Thompson at Hanover Cour]t House; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on Maria's health; refers to sale of tobacco; relates experiences in court including accounts of fines levied against him and denial of an appeal; reports damage done by locusts; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to cold weather and small crops; requests William Jerdone settle John Jerdone's account in Richmond; refers to Charles Thompson's bond; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on progress of crops; refers to return of runaway, attributing it to fear of discovery and having been shot at; reports William Walker's death; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to visits from various people; reports on Dr. Gardner's intended move to Missouri; refers to traveling salesman of mules and horses who came into town; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports lack of news from John Moss; refers to work on overseer's house; reports cat caught another pigeon; refers to Willie O. going to school; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to Maria's health; reports on schedule of sowing and progress of crops; refers to decision not to sell mutton, but to use it for the enslaved; refers to fixing-up of overseer's house; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on corn crop; refers to suit pending against estate of Jno. Hart; refers to other debts owed him John Jerdone]; Grandison given note to look out for a situation for next year; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains who pays commission to sheriff when he collects a debt; reports death of John Moss.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports buying of hogs; refers to trapping of partridges; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on health of enslaved persons; refers to weather and plowing; refers to difficulty in getting cotton; other plantation news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to illness at plantation; refers to plowing; reports on cloth woven; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on planting of crops; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on work on fence; refers to making of clothes; reports on planting; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on planting; refers to fire on plantation; refers to enslaved persons who escaped captivity; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports progress of crops and sales; refers to timber cut; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports family health; refers to wife] Eliza's trip \"down the country\"; refers to weather and progress of crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on health of the family; has discharged ?] Reynolds overseer?]; advises to accept proposal; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Dr. Price's proposal; reports on health and crops; refers to dismissal of overseer and applicants for openings; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to payment from Dr. Price; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses possibility of instituting new suit against Price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests William Jerdone settle account for him in Richmond; requests he take care of other errands for him; refers to weather; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports having hired two men to Major Snead for $80 each.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses paying debt with two enslaved persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 2 pages. Letter. Reports delivering men to Mr. Hall in Richmond; reports on repairing fence; refers to livestock; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eenDeclines offer of enslaved persons to pay debt; requests interest in spring; explains reluctance to 'own' any more slaved persons; states that the number of persons he enslaves \"has increased so fast that in addition to what I hire out up in the county I am obliged to dispose of some in the same way from my Farm in Charle]s Cityas I have more than I can profitably employ there.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing; refers to livestock; reports filling ice house; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing and seeding; refers to slaughtering livestock and sale of meat; refers to sale of mule; reports progress of crops; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses gratitude for things sent her; intends to do her lessons every day; requests him to look for a school for her to attend; expresses great desire to go to school; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to trip from Richmond on train; reports weather and crop; refers to discovery of lice on horses; describes treatment for delousing; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Praises Anna E. V. Burfitt as a good friend; discusses her difficulty in transition to Oswego; requests her Anna E. V. Burfitt] to visit; complains of Methodist preachers not being all the same; requests advice on books to read.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advise on male interests; reports on local gossip; discusses desire to move to Virginia as teacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on children and health of family; relates progress of crops; refers to court case against Hart, Collins; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Report on crops; refers to fish caught; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Reports on progress of crops and weather; refers to shearing sheep, hatching of turkeys and other references to livestock; refers to selection of school for Maria; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports can give bond \"with everything requisite to your safety\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Writes from school; expresses happiness and comfort; refers to sores almost healed; reports visit to St. James's Church and seeing organ; looks forward to his visit; refers to General Jackson's death; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Maria's entrance in school; refers to progress of crops and sale of tobacco; refers to \"railroad meeting\" and decision of a 3% dividend to be paid; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sale of corn; states prices of wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to Maria at school; intention to sell \"a parcel of Negroes\" as he [John Jerdone] is \"entirely overstocked with them\"; reports on weather, crops and prices; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports visit by Mary and her parents; refers to case of scarlet fever; reports visit to \"caravan\" to see wild animals; other family news. Includes N by ?] Mead to William Jerdone, reporting case of fever is better; Maria is well and a good scholar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Request for payment of bill for bacon, etc. so he can pay his taxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports filling of ice house; discusses crops and prices; has received letter from Chapman Johnson referring to judgment in his case against Allison and Watt; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy to Anna for an unknown occurrence; reports latest letter from Eliza Merrill and expresses sympathy for the loss of her brother; remarks on dearness of Anna as a friend; reports on her own brother, Dan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes recent snowstorm and general weather; refers to a scarcity of food for [live]stock; death of Rosetta, an enslaved person; refers to crops and large number of crows; other family news.\n3 pages. Copy of Autograph Letter Signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of a lack of anyone in his employment in the tanyard or shoe shop whom he can trust; refers to crops and prices; bad snowstorm; reports sale of enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Relates school children's interest in her Anna Burfitt]; anticipates Mr. Coleman's visit; refers to other social incidents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to Maria's case of measles; reports children Willie O. and Leonora are attending school; refers to Uncle Toby's school being full; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to \"happiness\" in \"mutually edifying\" correspondence; reports cats trick of climbing into pigeon house and killing pigeons; refers to new born livestock; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on development of crops; saving of 100 sheep from drowning by hands swimming in and bringing them out one at a time; refers to group of men sentenced to the penitentiary for unspecified crimes; refers to jailing of 8 enslaved persons for \"insurrectionary proceedings\"; \"I have understood that it was a very extensive plot... many whites it is supposed concerned in the business...\"; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains delay in answer of letter; consoles her Anna Burfitt] on loss of her sister; brother's account of Mexican War; relates other family feeling and social incidents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports attending church twice previous days; refers to expectation of frocks; reports attending one dancing lesson; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes the scene she is in as she writes letter; refers to Mr. Jerdone visiting her Anna Burfitt]; relates Plans to meet her in Richmond; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes trip to Richmond and misfortune of losing her trunk; expresses disappointment in not visiting Louisa County; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports plans to visit soon; refers to health of family; reports C. G. Coleman's loss of two enslaved persons; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 Autograph Letter. Incomplete. Remarks upon \"drudgery of teaching\"; advises Anna Burfitt on how to schedule her classes and gives her schedule; her failed attempts to make friends in the neighborhood; has therefore \"relapsed into the same cold calculating Yankee;\" reports on two new teachers; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Incomplete. Speculates on recent notice of sale by Henry Birge and John Wainwright; discusses Mr. Jerdone's intentions; expresses concern over the difference in ages; refers to Mr. Boxley's affections for her Anna Burfitt]; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports satisfaction with her new frocks; thanks him for the package; accepts hint to darn her stockings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to weather and effect on crops; comments on Miss Burfitt as Maria's teacher; refers to hogs and prices for crops; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports painting of pigeon house; lists subjects she is studying; reports recent deaths; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes her recent illness of typhus fever and resulting weakness; advises her Anna Burfitt] on courtship of Mr. Jerdone; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses buying price of his William Jerdone] corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Settles buying price for his William Jerdone] corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to engagement of Capt. Fletcher; intends to ship plaster by first vessel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports measles cases; reports receipt of gifts and food sent; refers to Miss Burfitt; other family news; marriage of Lafayette Riordon to Mary Boxley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports arrival of vessel and loading of articles; reports no herrings available in New Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests good brandy for his sick father.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Refers to her recent depression; refers to Mr. Jerdone and speculates on future; reports on measles outbreak and children's reaction to possibility of contracting disease; refers to receipt of a manuscript copy of The Ravenby Edgar Allan Poe sent from Maine; other social news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Miss Burfitt's opinion on her new bonnet; refers to classes and instruction; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to his William Jerdone] new house; discusses things he'd like to do when he comes home from school; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses settlement for timber cut for William Jerdone by David Crump's men. Includes Autograph Note Signed marking receipt of payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to her illness; discusses plans to visit her Anna Burfitt]; refers to other social incidents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Describes his travels from Kentucky to New Orleans, towns and country he traveled through in Mississippi and some of the sights he saw.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports health of family; refers to his William Jerdone] business and running plantation; describes visit to New Orleans and southern states; describes 'Mississippi River and great amount of activity and trade taking place; reports land prices for land along Mississippi; describes amount of crops could be grown on land he is looking into; refers to people he has met who are old acquaintances; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to her trip North for the summer; expresses disappointment that she Anna Burfitt Jerdone] won't be going; refers to travel plans and hopes to see her in Richmond; other family news. Also includes Autograph Note Signed from Louise ?] to Anna Burfitt] Jerdone, dated 25 July 1848] concerning Dr. B.'s illness and delay in trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to delinquency in letters; refers to her Anna Burfitt Jerdone] motherhood; reports on winter in the North; refers to sleigh-riding and snowball throwing; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses deep emotion for friendship with her Anna Burfitt Jerdone]; inquires after son, William; refers to offer of appointment in Shepherdstown, Virginia; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses unhappiness at her new position; discusses plans to take other position with Mr. Winston; describes schoolroom and dormitory; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports travel northward.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on commencement activities; requests a letter soon; reports on old acquaintances from school; other news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires after borrowing $500 for an unspecified reason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports bacon loaded on ship to Mr. J.; heard today we have orders to move to Mulberry Island tomorrow morning; will send more if they don't leave; sends $10 to wife; other references to the goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports goods sent; explains smaller supply of sugar because of scarcity of all goods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes his instructions from William DuVal acting for Francis Jerdone (1756-1841).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes movements of both Confederate and Union troops on and about his plantation after the Confederate retreat from Yorktown the year before; describes battles of Civil War nearby including battle, 30 June 1862], at his house and damage done; and use of his house in August 1862 as Union Army headquarters; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; reports efforts to settle accounts; refers to attempts to find someone ?] in prison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents \"The first of April being an Era in our resolution we are making efforts to start fresh from that time;\" remit money owed; bears account, 1863-1864, of William Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports entering money into accounts; advises her to \"be cautious and collect up close and also to look close after your affairs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Blair having failed, he is pressed for money; requests she pay money owed. Includes invoice, 1861-1863, converted from Confederate funds to U.S. funds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Explains no copy of bill to show how account was come to; describes method of settling accounts of Confederate times into current currency; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests settlement of claim made by Blair and Chamberlayne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expects claim by Blair \u0026amp; Chamberlayne to be settled now that wheat is in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Requests payment of claim; asks three neighbors to determine value of articles now in Richmond and settlement will be fed on that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports receipt of gifts; describes daily newspaper; gives long and detailed description of court proceedings he was involved in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires after papers sent; describes state fair and military men he met; describes Texas' position politically toward reconstruction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes planned treatment of tumor; describes stay at retreat to sick hospital; kindness of Dr. ?] McGuire; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; describes plan to move body home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy for mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; suggests transportation he has available for the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy for their \"affliction\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports sales of goods and sends goods ordered; advises against allowing \"cargo to pass into the hands of strangers\"; other business news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction with people in general and loneliness; refers to severe weather in Virginia; notes little severe weather in Texas and Galveston recently; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports visit of cousins John and William; mother's health precarious; will try to convince her to visit her friends in the \"upper country\" this summer; hopes his family will visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas drawn against his account; wishes to have Mr. Coleman paid for the pork; consoles him in his bereavement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Jerdone to delay trip until the morning as the man \"who has the fund out of which he is to pay Mr. Jerdone has not yet reached town\"; does not wish Mr. Jerdone to leave town without his money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Mr. Gillet's teaching: he teaches in Fredericksburg half the week and here the other half; there are 25 boys in school; Edward Pendleton was sent off for not attending Mr. Coleman's Bible class. Including Autograph Note Signed to [Clayton Coleman]from [William Coleman], thinks he will not reply to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Mr. Tucker desires him to respond to his letter; his [William Jerdone's] corn field is in good condition; Dr. Carter says that Patience, and an enslaved person, has rheumatism but she thinks she has been tricked and desires a Black doctor; advises hickory oil as a remedy for rheumatism; Mr. Tucker has kept an accurate account of everything bought for the place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisited Mr. Groves and was astonished that they had sold his [Francis Jerdone] barrels of sugar; hopes his clothes will reach him safely; dispatches by the Herriot and goods by the Nissell have been forwarded to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApprehensive over the whereabouts of his [William Jerdone] brother who went to repair the damage to places where gold was been sought caused by the late rain; has sent things which were requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends two bottles to be filled with wine for a sick person; will return tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince Mr. Norton was not at Hanover Court page torn; recommends sowing wheat seed in a garden near the turnip patch; hopes Hartwell and Billy behave well in his absence; more family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll enjoying good health; glad the wheat is sowed; Mr. Lewis is purchasing corn; whooping cough is at old Mrs. Lewis's; expects Hawkins; the doctor has cut his finger badly; sorry to hear how Francis Mitchell \"has been going on\"; the days are now short.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lewis killed a beef and does not want any more at present; Mrs. Lewis has got the books they wanted: Simpson' Euclid and Blair's Lectures; other news of Lewis's and Falcons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecounts illness; planned to sail from London on the 15th; because of illness has been unable to ride horseback so has purchased a wheeled chaise; Mr. Braikenridge has not arrived in England; has received no letters from his family of a date later than the 13th of November 17]84; wishes to be remembered to family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecounts negotiations with William Kimbrough over the corn crop; news of the Lewis's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived safely and found their things in much the same condition as they left them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived safely and found things in good order; Mr. Lewis is at home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends weekly news: Joseph Holladay brought 3,000 herrings, the \"backward spring\"; Captain Lewis Holladay had a sale at the tavern of what remained in his store; plans a trip home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not been able to dispose of his horse at the price stipulated; Mr. Anderson will take the horse at $100 if he will warrant him not more than 9 years old.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks about her [Anna] mother's health; fears Martha's journey to Lebanon was \"perilous\" because of \"Northern atrocities\"; asks if Mr. Jerdone is alarmed because your residence is so near the scene of action; kiss all the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs glad to renew acquaintance with her; asks for full accounts of her family; sends regards to her. Martha and Mr. Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites about his delivering Holt's notice in person; thinks he gave the notice to someone else to deliver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of her traveling companions on the ride to Summer Hill; believes Mr. Jerdone must be with her in Richmond; describes Christmas activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets Mr. Jerdone left before [she ?] reached Richmond; everyone at Summer Hill sings praises of her; mentions the marriage and scandal circulating about John; supposes she is at John Jerdone's now; says she must have had to encounter \"many a sly glance from Mr. Jerdone\"; mentions friends and school; recipes for German town cakes and soda biscuits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes she could be in Richmond at the Exchange Hotel with her [Anna T. Burfitt] and Mr. Jerdone; describes her reception at Fairfield; thinks the match with Mr. Jerdone is \"first-rate\" despite \"some disparity in years\"; more news of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes his father's health will improve; thinks of his [John Jerdone] mother as a friend; sends love to his aunt, sister and brothers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffers from wheezing cough and shortness of breath: cousin has been \"almost laid by with the Rheumatis in her limbs\"; [page torn].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplies for position of manager; encloses recommendations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas made a wadden bonnet for Maria as she is subject to earache; has added silk velvet flowers; will charge Richmond prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill alter Maria's frocks; describes trimmings and fabrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplies for position of manager of plantations in Charles City and New Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his ideas for settlement of a claim against Major Duval.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions financial transactions and health [page torn].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness: [Dr. Hunter?] McGutre'sindecision about the case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness; [Dr. Hunter] McGuire'scomplaining \"as usual\" of too much to do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks for the gift.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarried two months; married life; bridal tour; visit to Troy Female Seminary; news of friends there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Inquires regarding her mother's health; death of Sarah Macauley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShipping tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrief at death of wife [Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 10-12.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccounts, including estate of Francis Jerdone; includes letter. 1 July 1784 of [J. H. Norton to Francis Jerdone and William] Holt; and account, 1772-1774, concerning guardianship of [Peggy Belsches] Kello .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccounts, including overseer's account, two small memorandum listing tithes, enslaved perrons and including overseer's agreement, 1779, and account books concerning the estate of Francis Jerdone I.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccounts, includes overseers wage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains Blacksmith's account dated November 18th 1766; account book March 14, 1783 - March 1790; mill book of Francis Jerdone dated June 15, 1783; notes; and \"an account of timber got to build my house,\" November 17, 1847 - July 13, 1848; possible \"Mt. Sterling\"; account book, 1750, of Francis Jerdone (1721-1771) kept while a merchant at Yorktown, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned by Jno. Pierce and William Douglass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of court record of the deed, and opinions of P. V. Daniel and Robert Stanard, attorneys, regarding the legality of the deed. 4 items. Documents Signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes agreement for 1826 [20 August 1825].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes of the late war not contained in reports of the generals, by M. M. Burfitt, at Providence Forge, New Kent County, Virginia Refers to the American Civil War, particularly the Battle of Bethel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhat the big guns eat. An English theme by Miriam Coleman. Written during the European War 1914-1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry and pencil sketches by Alexander Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool copy book of John Jerdone. 1811. Page of copy book of 26 November 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool copy book of William Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExtract of the will of William MacFarland, of London England], leaving his property to his sister, Mrs. Catherine Scott. See medium oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCourse of treatment prescribed by Dr. Mercer for a child with a bad lax.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of recommendation of Robert Myrick as overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppraisement of the estate of David Thompson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of bonds payable to Francis Willis delivered to John Hawkins to be collected by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe royal coat of arms appears on this sheet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEngraving from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLondon Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e. 1754.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Chesters, page 81 mentions Baillie Jeardon father of Francis Jerdone I].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Chesters, page 121 mentions Mr. Jardon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Chesters, page 141 refers to Bailie Jardon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Chesters, page 149 refers to Franc Jerdon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone's apprenticeship to Neill Buchanan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photograph of portrait of John Jerdone, son of Francis Jerdone, 3rd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 1. 134 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 2. 146 pages. 8 1/4 x 6 3/4 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 3. 168 pages. 8 x 7 inches. Volume 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 4. 154 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches. Volume 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 5. 44 pages. 10 1/4 x 8 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 6. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 280 pages. 16 x 6 1/2 inches. Covered with parchment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 7. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 740 pages. 18 1/2 x 13 1/2 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 8. 376 pages. 16 x 7 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W. J. Barrow. Jerdone's predecessor as factor for Buchanan and Hamilton was William Johnston. Jerdone evidently came to Virginia to replace Johnston in September 1740.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 9. 268 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/2 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W.J. Barrow. Also includes a record of tobacco shipped prior to 1759.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eanuscript Volume 11. 256 pages. 19 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 12. 10 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 13. 368 pages. 13 x 8 1/2 inches. Volume 1 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 14. 64 pages. 12 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Volume 2 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery, and also some poetry and recipes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume15. 3 3/4 x 6 inches. First leaf contains note of payment of tuition at the College of William and Mary for his son John, a student there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvoice book, ledger and a partial ledger. Msv 22, 23, 24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvoice book of Francis Jerdone of Hanover County, Yorktown and Louisa County. 15 7/8 x 6 1/4. 179 pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLedger of Francis Jerdone. King and Queen County (see index). 14 3/4 x 9 1/8 inches. 259 pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex to Ledger B which is not included with this collection. 15 x 9 1/3. 30 pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 16. 235 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Correspondents include John Anderson, John Backhouse, Messrs Barlow, Wigginton, Francis \u0026amp; Holland of London, England, James Bowles, Messrs. Clay \u0026amp; Miogley of Liverpool, England, Nisbett, Darby, William Gibson, Samuel Gist, Messrs. Hanson, Clark \u0026amp; Co. of London, England, Henry Holland, Richard Humphreys, Mrs. Dorothy Jordan, John Morton Jordan, John Morton Jordan \u0026amp; Co. of London, England, Thomas Jarvis, William Lee, Dr. Michael McNemara, Messrs. McNemara \u0026amp; Jennings, Robert Maxwell, Thomas Oswala, William Perkins, Perkins, Buchanan \u0026amp; Brown of London, England, William Quinny, Stevenson, Randolph \u0026amp; Co. of Bristol, Messrs. Talte, Alexander \u0026amp; Co. of London, England, Mrs. Francis Ward, Thomas Ward, Messrs. Willimott, Brooks, \u0026amp; Lafant, and Messrs. Willson \u0026amp; R. Mollison of London, England. For other information concerning J. M. Morton \u0026amp; Company and on Perkins, Buchanan and Brown see the Thomas Adams Papers in the Virginia Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 17. 13 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 18. 54 pages. 12 1/4 x 8 inches. Also includes sketches written by William M. Jerdone at Virginia Military Institute, 1870-1871.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 19. 166 pages. 14 x 8 3/4 inches. Diary of William Jerdone, 1861-1862; and diary of William M. Jerdone, 1863-1867. Diaries concern agriculture, preparation for war, home front, managing enslaved persons, reconstruction, and military defenses at Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 20. 126 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript Volume 21. Book contains farm records, records of doctors' visits, records of produce and animals stolen, hiring of a free black person, record of enslaved persons working on public defenses at Jamestown and the beginning of a diary continued in MsV. 19 of William M. Jerdone, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes: 17-19\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 items. 5 1/2\" high.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4\" high.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 1/2\" high.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 3/4\" high. See descriptive note attached.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 items. 3-6 1/2\" high.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript. Penciled genealogy chart showing ancestry of Francis and Sarah Macon] Jerdone down through their descendants to the Colemans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 pages. Photostat of draft of Document. Argues in behalf of her sons Francis and John who are in England and their land in Virginia is found by inquest to be subject to escheat and forfeiture under the last Act of Assembly concerning escheats and forfeitures from British subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 pages. Copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 pages. 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County, Yorktown and Louisa County, Virginia, and letters of his wife, Sarah (Macon) Jerdone."," Most of the collection consists of letters, accounts, and diaries of the next two generations of members of the Jerdone family including Francis Jerdone (1756-1841), planter of Louisa County; his brother John Jerdone (1764-1786); his brother-in-law, Alexander Macaulay of Yorktown, Virginia; and his sons, John Jerdone (b. 1800); Francis Jerdone (b. 1802); and William Jerdone (b. 1805). The letters reflect the daily maintenance of their plantations, \"Jerdone Castle\" [Louisa County, Virginia], \"Providence Forge\" [New Kent County, Virginia], \"Mount Sterling\" [Charles City County, Virginia] and an unnamed plantation in Spotsylvania County, Virginia."," The family were absentee owners of \"Providence Forge\" and \"Mount Sterling\" and the two estates were managed first by a cousin, William Douglass, and later by hired stewards. (Eventually, William Jerdone lived at \"Mount Sterling\" and built a brick mansion there.)"," The subjects covered in the collection include agriculture, the commission merchant business, the daily routine of men, education, farm management by stewards, and various aspects of slavery, including slave insurrections. In addition, there are many letters written to Virginia from Scotland and England."," The papers also contain the letterbook of Thomas Jett, Virginia representative of John Morton Jordan and Co., London, England; items from Perkins, Buchanan and Brown, merchants in London, 1769-1776; and documents, 1769-1799, concerning the lawsuit of Jordan v. Skinker."," An index of names in the papers is shelved with the collection."," All the additions to the Jerdone Papers are described under \"Other Note\" noted near the end of the page"," Jerdone Family Papers, 1623-1957, in Swem Library's microforms area, 12 reels, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L pt.2."," Francis Jerdone Account Book, King and Queen County, VA 1746-1757 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 1999"," Francis Jerdone Ledger, King and Queen County, VA 1748-1750 in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number F232 .K4 J47 2000"," Artifacts listed in Boxes 17, 18, 19 are removed to the Manuscripts Artifacts Collection. Papers/letters with these artifacts are in Box 16.","Describes missing his wife while he is away; explains plans for moving his belongings; other family news.","Discusses developments at the mill and filling of pond; refers to outbreak of measles; refers to \"arrival of the London ships;\" other family news.","Autograph Letter Signed. Explains his side of debt with Francis Jerdone; claims he doesn't owe as much as was originally stated.","Reports on relations in England and Scotland; expresses wish that dispute between mother and daughter be resolved; reports on his studies; other family news.","Speaks of various accounts he has taken care of for Francis Jerdone: has paid mother's balance, paid \"J. N.\" and brother's schooling bill; money is scarce and has £1100 worth of tobacco unsold; other news.","Autograph Letter Signed. Explains that person to whom payment was remitted returned payment; Mr. Clay has arrived in Williamsburg; other family news.","Boxes 1-2. 104 items.","Sends list of articles sent by \"Minnie\"; cotton not up yet; has sent cheeses to four people (brothers-in-law?) has been working from \"sunrise to sunset\" and will have to wait until Christmas to see them; other news.","Will see Mr. Holt around the 4th of May who will inform Jerdone of the answer given to unspecified business proposition; Douglass has similar view as Jerdone on this proposition; feels hurt by this similar ambition; expects visit from Mr. Pottie.","Sketches out business affair between himself and Mr. Holt; had wished to send him a saddle but too expensive; having problems with enslaved persons; wishes an overseer; asks Jerdone to keep his eyes open for one enslaved individual; other family news. See also medium oversize file.","Has been anxious of his journey away from Providence Forge; hopes all went well and didn't take any chances; will be sending for the hogs the 19th or 26th.","Oysters will be delivered late as an unexpected high tide prevented harvest; received letter from Mr. Pottie; has no hoes or axes and can't make any as has no steel and little iron; P. S. sent sixty hogs with Sam H? had hoped to send more but too big to make the journey.","Discusses state of accounts at the estate; encourages him to come to the estate; refers to new \"state of settlement\" and asks for terms; refers to building and improvements planned for estate and other \"private affairs.\" See medium oversize file.","Refers to writing to his relatives in Jedburgh, Scotland ; discusses plans for \"building and repairing on the Hill;\" refers to difficulty in finding carpenters, recommends Mr. Vaughan as a possible carpenter, refers to birth of a son; other business news.","Discusses his recent illness and doctor's advice for his recovery; expresses great happiness at receiving letter from his brother but reproaches him for its shortness; discusses his studies of physics and surgery and his hope to continue when he recovers; reports death of Aunt Jerdone and other family news.","Refers to receipt of letter from his brother (Francis Jerdone), the first he's received in five years; reports on his studies in physics and surgery and refers to other family news.","Informs him that his brother is in bad health, has gotten \"best advice\"; was sent to Jedburgh for the good air; suggests sending him to the South of France where he will be able to have a favorable climate and continue his studies;","Remembers the times spent together hunting; refers to a Spanish fowling (pistol) sent as a present with Mr. Thomson; hopes to see him again when trade to and from America begins.","Scope and Contents Outlines four business propositions including terms of payment, etc.; reminds him of promise to send hands to help with brick-making; plans on visiting in the fall and hopes to visit Norfolk as well; other family news.","Describes goods he has bought for Mr. Jerdone; also lists goods bought for Miss Belches, Mrs. Jerdone and Mr. Breckenridge; asks Mr. Jerdone to buy 12 panes of glass.","Refers to business matters with Mr. Holt; reports Mr. Holt's sale of 50 enslaved individuals, and his visit; relays Holt's ill-feelings toward the suit filed by Jerdone against him; refers to building (on the Hill and its slow progress; gives other business news.","Discusses his health; expresses satisfaction in being able to resume his studies; discusses his plans for study; refers to family news.","Has been very busy, can only write a few words; refers to the personal conflict between the partners of a business involving Mr. Holt (and Mr. Jerdone? ; suggests splitting the business; other family news; P. S. lists business information about hogs, oysters, and supplies.","Has been saddened by the illness of his two children and the death of his Aunt Jerdone; refers again to the business problems of Mr. Holt; reminds him of needed materials; suggests hiring Black Americans for building; asks advice on a pair of geldings; P.S. has sent oysters and fish and asked Bearer to go to Fredericksburg to gather information on \"Ben\" who was never apprehended.","Roads have been bad and he is not able to get the iron that Jerdone has ordered; will do Jerdone's order first when he can; Mr. Holt paid a visit with \"his overseer and some Black people\" to bring back 40 hogs and a bull; refers to differences between Mr. Holt and Mr. Jerdone which Mr. Douglass has no patience for; seems to deal with a building of theirs; continues to look for a pair of carriage horses but they are very expensive for their value; refers to a trip Toby took to Fredericksburg to find (a runaway enslaved person but which wasn't successful; comments how lucky people are who do not live near \"such retches\" (enslaved persons ; comments on how closely matched they are as friends; other family news.","Encloses invoice for the panels of a carriage; explains that copper panels are out of fashion and these had to be custom made; also explains delays because of manufacturing; recommends the captain of ship and hopes Jerdone will ship tobacco back to him with this captain; promises to sell all the tobacco he consigns him; is obliged for any recommendations of him to Jerdone's friends.","Has received two letters, glad to hear Jerdone's son has returned to studies; glad to hear of their relations in Jedburgh, Scotland and will try to write soon; Mr. Holt is making an effort to pay off his debts and has sold his plantation; doesn't know how to advise Jerdone on these business matters; have had a streak of bad luck including destruction of corn; general sickness of the family causing the death of one enslaved woman and the explosion of the \"old works about the forge;\" still has not found a pair of carriage horses; other family news.","Discusses his health and the improvement of it; discusses his studies and future plans; refers to local opinion of Americans as being \"In abject poverty;\" refers to family business in Virginia and Mr. Holt's debt; other family news.","Bettsey has had a fall and has hurt her arm, hopes things will right themselves soon; has sent messenger through Richmond to get any letters from Mr. Douglass; sends affections to all friends.","Has received bill for house, but didn't pay because it is such a large sum; sister Betsey is getting married.","Sorry he was not in Richmond when Jerdone visited, would be obliged if Jerdone would send his tobacco and order his goods from his house; is sure Jerdone will be pleased; has found a carriage that Sarah Macon (Mrs.) Jerdone might like better than the fancy one she just had sent, if Jerdone would like to exchange.","Refers to effort to raise £1,000 by Christmas; gives account of money paid for goods.","Discusses his health and relapse he is suffering; plans to return to Virginia as soon as possible; hopes to practice some medicine in Virginia; discusses some logistics of his travel home; gives other family news.","Discusses accounts and people who have money for him; refers to sale of tobacco to Major Lee.","Has heard Jerdone would like to do business with him; asks that he send an order for goods, or let him know if he will be shipping tobacco; has a ship loading and can make arrangements.","Expresses thanks and deep emotion to Mrs. Jerdone for her support.","Requests all papers pertaining to suit against Mr. Holt; reports has requested all loan office certificates regarding this matter; implies Mr. Holt put paper money into loan office without Mrs. Jerdone's consent; also, requests estate books be checked to see if this money was due to the estate.","Refers to accounts and payment by various people to Jerdone.","Have been commissioned to find four chariot horses; have sent them and charged £321.12.2; will charge 2 1/2 percent of commission if paid in tobacco; do not think this is expensive as horses have doubled their price since \"the peace\"; the horses will land in Hampton.","Refers to receipt of papers concerning Holt case; reports receipt of £ 1,900 sterling by DuVal's family for himself; other family news.","Sent letter through Robert Johnston, who is a stranger; asks him to show him hospitality; asks him to pick up the remaining five barrels of tar; has shipped remaining two hog heads of tobacco; needs some money for payment of a debt; would like Jerdone to give him the money he needs, but if this is unfavorable, he will consider the request non-existent.","Were not able to ship horses immediately as the first ship had too many goods on it and could not handle the food for the horses; have shipped with another captain and they should arrive safely.","Reports receipt of three horses, their condition, groom's bill, and that he has forwarded them; questions servants sobriety; makes comment that \"white servants do not suit this country\".","Refers to death of George Pottie and expresses sympathy; refers to debt of £ 27 due of Hawkins; refers to contacting of various people to pay off bonds held with Mr. Dick.","Expresses relief to know she has reached London; refers to the deterioration of his health; gives his chair to her as a remembrance of him; other family news.","Reports death of his cousin; expresses relief that relatives in Virginia are well; refers to his own poor health; other family news.","Gives particulars on death of his cousin who died from childbirth; refers to his deteriorating health; other family news.","Has enclosed order of reference against William Holt.","Reports death of her brother, John Jerdone; reports on preparations for him and her lack of will and knowledge of his affairs; other family news.","Has checked over books in regard to Mr. Holt; reports the mismanagement by Mr. Holt of the books and describes what he did wrong; refers to the progress of the suit.","Approves of decision not to allow Mr. Holt to settle accounts; recommends Mr. William Dandridge for the job.","Inquires if Jerdone has any tobacco to ship, as he has a ship loading at Cumberland; inquires if William DuVal owes Jerdone any money; reports he heard that DuVal recovered approximately £ 1,500 from England.","Encloses copies of judgments against Holt and the \"Orders of Reference;\" urges him to settle books in order to have the matters of reference determined; expects payment from Mr. Woods soon.","Reports difficulty in raising money to pay shipping charges on tobacco; refers to debt he owes Jerdone and discusses his means in raising the money for payment.","Presumes Jerdone has not gotten all his tobacco to the warehouse; is sure Jerdone will ship with him; cannot get his ship to Cumberland because British ships are restricted to Yorktown; will bring tobacco by small craft.","Outstanding debt of Jerdone's account by Donald and Burton to Gist will be paid immediately; asks if Jerdone has any freight to be shipped; feels family has responsibility to Captain Milford; suggests using him to establish a regular, good ship on the York River.","Reports settlement of matters against Mr. Holt scheduled for September 22; asks to pay next tax on the estate for Jerdone.","Came to deliver £ 100 due to Mr. Jerdone by Hugh Mercer; asks that any remaining debt be charged to him as Thomas Mitchell will be paying him for services rendered; asks for a receipt for this and also for £ 34.18.4 from Captain William Ferrells.","Reports outcome of Holt case; expresses dissatisfaction with outcome; requests affidavits concerning George Pottie's deposition; suggests a rehearing.","Reports intention to pay Mr. Macon money owed to him; regrets he won't be able to pay Mr. Jerdone this week; intends to write to see if he can \"draw bills\" in Fredericksburg, Petersburg, and Norfolk.","Expresses satisfaction that appointment for Mr. Holt's deposition had been noticed and that Mr. Pottie's deposition would be of help to Mrs. Jerdone; explains his opinion on the matter of the loan certificates given to Mr. Holt; gives other opinions on the case; other family news.","Apologizes for the negligence of payment due Mr. Gist; assures him that it has been taken care of including interest; total was £125.9.3; will send copy of account when sales of tobacco are closed; thanks him for promise of shipping tobacco to them. Including copy of LS from Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.","Still suffering from rheumatic pains; has rearranged business so he can spend most of his summer at the springs; sorry to hear Jerdone's mother is not well; requests that Jerdone allow him to sell some of his \"least serviceable\" enslaved persons and to buy others; feels should get fieldhands to clear the swamp rather than enslaved persons to work in the forge as will be more profitable.","Encourages Mr. Jerdone to have estate accounts looked over by Mr. Lighton Woods; gives day and time of court hearing; promises payment in April and August; offers to pay Jerdone's taxes.","Has enclosed Mr. Douglass' accounts for the past two years; Douglass has made two charges which he feels are unreasonable; must pay it as Douglass is in West Indies; would like word from Jerdone of when he would like his money and he will get it ready.","Have not heard from him since their last letter; have closed Jerdone's account with £400. 19.5 due them; will wait until remaining 14 Hogs Heads of tobacco are sold; still have not sent horses as no room for safe transport on any ship; captain of first ship which they had planned to use brought legal action against them for breach of contract; cost them £25 \"out of our own pockets\"; will not bring a charge of commission on him because of non-anticipated expenses. Includes Donald and Burton, London, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia.","Expects of two ships; requests Jerdone's help in loading them; reminds him of balance due Donald and Burton.","Has written to help him clear Jerdone's father's name concerning the remittance of a bill; claims both Jerdone's father and Mr. Holt remitted the same bill and now the man is trying to claim that neither did; requests that Jerdone look up his father's ledgers on this man's account; has seen Mr. Macaulay and is anxious to see Jerdone; will meet him whenever Jerdone can be in either Richmond or Hanovertown.","Reports progress on lawsuit; expresses desire to get business finished soon; reports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and other family news.","Plans to meet Jerdone in Richmond on 18th of July; his wife is very ill with \"the rheumatism\" and has been con finedto bed for past two weeks; violence of illness has not abated and he hopes for the best.","Writes to report seeing an enslaved young man which he believes is enslaved by Jerdone; explains his reasons for believing so; expects to pay his bond when crops are sold.","Requests Jerdone meet with Alexander MacCaulay and Colonel Morristo settle dispute with Mr. Holt; other family news.","Minx (Mink) had killed 30 fowls; needs help to kill him; asked Patrick to bring back turpentine promised by Jerdone; sent six loaves of sugar to Mrs. Jerdone; weather looks bad, has declined turpentine.","Reports appointment of John Howie, Wm. Hays, Mr. Holt, John McKeene and Wright Southall as referees; reports Colonel Morris has stated the accounts clearly, and DuVal gives a list of categories included; also reports amount of debt due Mrs. Jerdone; sends proceedings of Federal Convention and states \"if adopted will make the states more virtuous and happy than they otherwise would be.\"","Has sent for two barrels of turpentine; has sent for Mrs. Jerdone's fabric.","Letter brought by Colo. Morris who has helped pull the forge out of trouble; claims Mr. Holt has been changing accounts to appearance of profit; Holt was getting business into debt; wants to make Morris a candidate for Convention and asks Jerdone's help.","Expresses concern over Mrs. Midleton's actions to recover her fortune; refers to Polly's ingratitude to Mrs. Jerdone; reports arrival of goods and expects to send them soon; other family news.","Will send the hogs out tomorrow morning; new partner, Mr. Samuel Beall of Williamsburg, has been taken on; Beall would like to meet with Jerdone; still missing money which hopes Holt will acknowledge.","Came to deliver £25 interest on £500 which he had borrowed from Jerdone; is \"backward\" in plantation duties so sent Isabella to deliver money; hopes to see Jerdone the following week.","Reports ill health of Mrs. DuVal and how this is affecting his work; believes Circuit Courts will be a great benefit to the country; hopes to obtain £2,000 for Jerdone in court; refers to several execution of estates; expresses opinion that Constitution should be approved by states; lists states that have already approved it.","Reports expecting ship in York River in April and requests assistance in loading her; inquires of having whole tobacco crop; reminds him that he must order goods for next fall.","Explains details of carriage horses matter and why the company was sued; claims that Jerdone must pay them for the horses and all extra expenses; gives accounts of tobacco sold and debts.","Reports decision of referees appointed by General Court in lawsuit of Mrs. Jerdone against Mr. Holt; gives sum awarded; reports loan certificates still under consideration.","Discusses finances among Mr. Burnley, Mr. Macaulay and the Jerdones; found hoes have been sent to Jerdone.","Reports arrived safely; refers to kindness of sister; refers to difficulty in leaving Mother and duty she feels toward her.","Has enclosed Jerdone's account; hopes he does not complain because sales of his tobacco were not good; tobacco was not of good quality and was severely damaged; hopes he will pay his balance when convenient.","Refers to judgment of case against Mr. Holt and its impacts; refers to Mr. Holt's reactions; advises him to wait to file other complaints until this whole account is settled.","Approves of deferring settlement until Mr. Johnson returns; reports sent statement to remove any injurious impressions of Mr. Holt's actions on the Chancellors' minds; reports other developments in the case; Holt has asked Marshall to represent him; Colo. Taylor's fee.","Discusses decision to defer settlement; reports Mr. Holt's attempts to employ Mr. Marshall; explains Mr. Marshall's refusal of engagement.","Refers to business with Mr. Holt; claims he should remain in Richmond until \"Doomsday or the day after;\" other family news.","Wants to know if Jerdone wants any pork or hogs; cash is scarce and would like to sell them; corn crop doing very poorly, the season being too wet and windy; wheat doing well, yielding 700 bushels and has grown two hogs heads of tobacco; sorry to learn Mr. Douglass will remain in Scotland until spring; has been sickness this fall and two enslaved persons have died.","Reports correspondence from Virginia; expresses difficulty of being parted from her mother; refers to trip to England; other family news.","Informs Jerdone that cash [?] promised by Macaulay has not appeared; has sent two sacks of salt as leather could not be exchanged; this to be settled at maturity.","Scope and Contents Refers to business of hogs; reports shoeing of horses; refers to failure to pass tobacco inspection legislation in the Senate.","Scope and Contents Reports judgments against Mr. Woods and Mssrs. Dickinson and Mr. Kembrough and states amounts; advises to have Colonel Morris settle Holt's account.","Scope and Contents Refers to attempt to obtain payments from Dr. Currier and Mr. Gravis; refers to illness in his family and death of a son; refers to Mr. Woods' crop of tobacco; hopes late alteration in Superior Courts will result in more speedy justice.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter from Willia m Holt; reports Mr. DuVal will advise on proper answer. Includes copy of letter from Willia m Holt, Willia msburg, Virginia to William DuVal, \"Mount Comfort,\" February 18, 1789 . 1 Asking what steps Mr. Jerdone intends to take against him; also asks if business will be brought to referees or to the Chancellor.","Scope and Contents Refers to difficulty in being parted from mother; reports on her son John and his development; refers to his being \"backward with his tongue\"; describes her horse and some living conditions; reports receipt of mother's presents and describes difficulty with customs officials; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs that all are well; is studying Ovid's Metamorphoses, Justin and Ovid's Epistlesand French.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow in being parted from mother; gives account of when people leave the house on a normal day; refers to development of son John; refers to health; refers to rejoicing of King's recovery and great illumination; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expected Jerdone to pay debts owed to Donald and Burton of London when he was in Richmond; since not done, requests that Jerdone pay as soon as convenient.","Scope and Contents Refers to expense of obtaining horses; refers to balance due to Donald and Burton and also amount owed in the country.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of desk and expresses thanks; reports on weather and its effect on crops, fears he will \"loose his character as an overseer.\"","Scope and Contents Reports on status of accounts and progress in receiving payment; refers to \"ejectment\" of Mrs. Jerdone scheduled in Williamsburg following September.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone act as witness in a suit by Mr. Pottie in Winchester; reports judgment will be against Holt in September; needs deeds of Forge at trial to prove Holt mortgaged it to Mrs. Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Asks to forward Dandridge's bonds; expects to obtain Judgment for Mr. Jerdone the following month.","Had wheelwright look at carriage wheels and will have them replaced; sent two shovels and two ditching spades which he had ordered; feels Jerdone should meet with Mr. Beale as he is worthy of attention; feels important to increase number of enslaved as are draining swamps.","Scope and Contents Refers to lack of payment by Mr. Daniel on his bond, outlines way to try and get payment.","Scope and Contents Reports will send Chancery's decision on case against John Winston's executors; reports on progress of case against Mr. Holt in Court of Appeals; requests delivery of papers to Mr. Charles Thomson.","Scope and Contents Reports statement of debt against Lewis' executors, also execution against Winston's executors and execution against Mr. Ferrell.","Scope and Contents 5 . Inquires of the various ailments her mother has suffered; laments how often mother is alone; refers to and inquires of her sisters; refers to outbreak of measles; inoculation of her children; refers to schools which her children will attend and their distance from house; refers to French declaration of war on England, expresses fear of war; expresses aloneness and Feeling of not belonging; refers to events taking place in France and the death of French King; other family news.","Sending 40 hogs to Jerdone; suggests he send a carriage to \"receive them in good order\"; would like sent to him a bottle of little sweet scented type of tobacco seed; P.S. - has sold crop of corn and the wheat they had.","Requests business transactions between Jerdone's father and Mr. Belsches for payments and accounts during years of 1772-1774; also requests copy of transactions between himself and Mr. Pottie.","Discusses quality tobacco shipped, condition of it and market; explains goods he has sent.","Refers to business with Holt and Dudley Richardson; intends to order execution against Kinsbrough ?and someone to attend sale; explains other bonds.","Speaks of their speculation endeavors in the tobacco market; advises him to have nothing to do with the men involved in Major Ragland's account; thinks it would be better to deal with Burton.","Explains goods sent and expectations for next crop of tobacco; expresses uncertainty of affairs with Spain; expresses hope war will be averted; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Intends to send carriage wheels; saw William Mitchell while he was in Richmond and compliments Jerdone on his handling of a runaway blacksmith; was informed that Hugh Nelson has a blacksmith for sale; discusses corn crops; discusses Jerdone's accounts.","Scope and Contents Claims is due money for the clearing of the Rivanna River; asks that Jerdone pay £8.15 to Mr. Walter who delivered letter.","Scope and Contents Has sent 36 hogs but is displeased with their size and fatness; also has sent two chisels that the blacksmith has made; concerned over health of Jerdone's family but glad Mother is better; congratulates on the judgment for him against Holt. (Letter has some accounts written on back.)","Explains goods sent; refers to \"preservation from the destruction\" of Jerdone family; advises Jerdone sleep with firearms nearby for safety from slaved persons ; describes the \"Blunderbuss\" gun; gives account of weather and crops; refers to reconciliation between Spain and England; sends portrait of Sarah Jerdone Brackenridge; other family news.","Scope and Contents Mother's mortgage is recorded and with equal validity to the original; the original has been lost, probably during the War when papers of General Court were moved; necessary to make an affidavit ? because of replacement of original mortgage.","Scope and Contents Observes death of Wm. Holt and explains impact upon suit of Jerdone's against him; refers to business with others who have debts owed to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Congratulates Jerdone and his mother for their successes in court; Richmond has had a visit from the President of the U.S.; describes toast of occasion; refers to crops.","Scope and Contents Expresses concern for mother's health and her living alone; inquires of her sisters; describes her health and children's development; refers to difficulty in adjusting to England; other family news.","Scope and Contents Orders that nothing more be paid to Mr. Beale or anyone else associated with the late Mr. Holt.","Scope and Contents Reports on his mother's Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge health; reports on brothers and sisters development; comments on \"Ashton\"; refers to affairs in France; other family news.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for damage done to goods; explains current shipment of goods; reports British strong economy and rise in prices for woolens and iron products; refers to British battleships prepared for emergency and affairs in France.","Scope and Contents Discusses Mother's health and family; reports development of family; describes rickets; visit to cotton mill; reports weather and effect on crops; refers to lawsuits of Jerdone's; refers to events taking place in France; other Family news.","Has sent overseer 25 hogs; has sent Jerdone bushels of holly berries and Church's oats ? to be sowed; waited for Jerdone to finds a market for their corn but finally made an agreement with Alexander Macaulay; Mr. Macaulay is working toward agreement on the disputed accounts of Mr. Holt.","Scope and Contents Reports Mother's health is improved; speaks of brothers and himself; reports on weather; lists flowers in bloom; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to price increases and blames this on peace in Europe.","Scope and Contents Describes order made by Mr. Thompson Rowland through Mssrs. Sutherland and McKee for the Coulter Robertson Co.","Scope and Contents 5 . Sorry to hear the family was ill, the captain who delivered his letters is retiring to New York; there have been debates in Parliament over the abolition of enslavement; describes incidents occurring in the West Indies; has been a boycott of sugar; feels this is silly; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to sending rum; explains how to enhance its flavor; refers to crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; needs more notice as does not order from dealer if he can get from manufacturer; explains increased prices on wine; other news concerning shipping.","Scope and Contents Cancels plans made to travel northward; his daughter Polly died August 19, 1792.","Scope and Contents Reports hog business; refers to lawsuits; refers to crops; requests meeting in Richmond or Hanovertown; other family news.","Scope and Contents Two hogs are missing; has enclosed description and accounts of Providence Forge estate; has sold surplus of wheat to Mssrs. Freeland and Gillies for five shillings sterling per bushel; is working on terms for corn crop now at 18 shillings sterling per barre l; has not heard from friends in Jedburgh, Scotland and becoming uneasy.","Has sent a newspaper describing incidents in Europe; relates his opinions in regard to American liberty and influence on Europe; other family news.","Sends regards of \"Mr. M.\"; Mr. M. has sent, a \"hamper porter\" port wine ; will leave the eulogium on the port's quality to Jerdone.","Has inserted advertisement in papers for four weeks; feels sure a reward wil1 guarantee detection of an enslaved person; advises to speak with John Marshall to retain him as counsellor; quotes current prices for wheat and corn; refers to events in Europe; expresses concern over French development and how this will affect U.S.","Reports illness of children Sarah, Maria, John, and William and wife Sarah Jerdone with measles; also reports death of daughter Sarah and wife Sarah and attack of scarlet fever on John and Maria.","Reports the havoc produced by the \"bursting of that overgrown bubble paper currency and the circulation of accomodation bills\"; encloses an order for sugar, rum and other goods.","Reports wife Sarah \"Sally\" Jerdone's death and death of daughter Sarah as well as illness of John, William, and Maria; reports on their development since; explains how Sarah Jerdone's things were sent and where she was buried.","Has lost Francis Jerdone's sister Sarah, George Braikenridge's wife and his two daughters; the sons are back to health; has sent account balance due to him at £8.13.5; has enclosed a mourning ring and a lock of Sally's Sarah hair for Francis Jerdone. to wear; reports condition of crops and prices; refers to events in Europe concerning France.","Refers to events taking place in France.","Upset by attempted murder of Jerdones by enslaved persons; wonders if he has the liberty to make decisions on selling crops; informs of interest of Mr. Thompson of Richmond to buy old corn; will start preparing hogs for Jerdone.","Gives opinion on French actions and intentions and relations between U.S. and Britain.","Describes business matters with Mr. Macaulay; discusses credit and cash markets; reports on crop development; other family news.","Reports on weather and crops; refers to report circulating that Mitchell asked for pardon for Pegg an enslaved girl, implicated in attack against Francis Jerdone and his mother; assures Jerdone this isn't true and explains circumstances.","Discusses trading enslaved persons; reports on cotton and livestock and other business.","Reports arrival of two millstones; refers to positioning of volunteer troops by \"order of the executive\" to Smithfield to \"suppress some opposition to the Civil Power\".","Discusses shipment of tobacco and corn to England.","Reports goods received for Mr. Jerdone and their condition; refers to antiministerial opinions in the newspapers of the day.","Explains process for declaring notice for demand for money; reminds Mrs. Jerdone to sign copy and send affidavit. Including Geo. Gairdner, Richmond, Virginia to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 17 September 1794, which explains delay for letter and encourages him to do these errands immediately.","Refers to receipt of tobacco; explains difficulty in insuring British ships; expresses regret for political discord in U.S.; comments on war; gives family news.","2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Refers to crops in Europe; speaks at great length about the war in Europe and the events in France; refers to death of Robespierre and many others as a result.","Gives example of wording of affidavit; requests that affidavits be renewed and sent by the 22nd.","Refers to papers which have been delivered; reports fevers have been lowered by the rain; Jerdone's tobacco has been shipped.","Describes business transactions he plans on pursuing in order to clear his debts.","Comments on wheat received; recommends a cooling beverage; also describes goods sent.","Explains lack of correspondence from feeling of insult from Jerdone's previous letter; describes business matters of corn, wheat, and with Alex Macaulay; reports on hogs, some of which were lost to a \"set of villains\".","Discusses money enclosed and carried by Joseph Spicer; discusses hogs; expresses sorrow for the death of Mr. J. Thompson.","Reports charge of order; reports carrying an enslaved person back home, injured or escapes?; refers to health and weather.","Sent 24 hogs to overseer Joseph Spicer; receiving returns on crops sent to Norfolk but disappointed in prices; has prepared accounts for past years; sustained losses as crops from 17 92to be sold to Mr. Alexander Macaulaywere never completely sold.","Explains postponement of filing case against Sheriff James Dabney after talking with John? Marshallbecause he claims to have sold land and have money ready for Mrs. Jerdone; also intends to convince Major DuVal to mortgage his property for better security on debt; refers to weather and health.","Reports goods sent and difficulty in shipping; reports war between France and England; speaks of famine in France and general scarcity in England; refers to higher prices because of the \"covetness of the farmers\".","Bill for hoes sent for £4.1.10.","Had expected his friend Captain Delancey to visit Jerdone; hopes Jerdone will accept him hospitably; advises not to worry about the Beall's Executor as he is acting to \"procrastinate\" the foreclosing in the mortgage; anxious over payments owed to Jerdone and the welfare of his family if he dies; hopes to send his children to Scotland for education as there is too much French principle in the colonial schools; sorrowed by the loss of \"little Johny\".","Scope and Contents Had been ill with pains in the side; refers to many immigrants from Europe; expresses worries of power given to Catholics and their divided loyalties to country and religion.","Scope and Contents Reports enclosure of decision by Chancery for Mrs. Jerdone; reports on brigs carrying goods: one has been carried off to Bermuda by privateers, another brought ashore by wind; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs Jerdone he has broken a law by selling wine without a license to sick people; he will be fined $50 for every offense.","Scope and Contents Items shipped; health of family and himself; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Discusses business dealings in hogs, wheat; describes conditions of business with Alexander Placaulay, Thomas Peters, Benjamin Harrison and Turner Christian; reports he received a letter from family in Jedburgh; encloses itemized cost for carriage wheels. See medium oversize file.","Scope and Contents Regrets he can no longer stay on; will get someone to act as overseer; reports on Indian corn, wheat and prices.","Scope and Contents Reports on health; reports on receipt of goods; explains ship took 21 days from Norfolk to Richmond; also how bale was sent mistakenly to Petersburg; refers to seemingly encouraging markets in produce, grain, flour and horses; refers to death of Mr. Douglass; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports business is slow with only the necessities like flour and wheat doing well; many men being sent to West Indies and speculation is very high; encloses an political pamphlet.","Scope and Contents Claims will have no problem selling the corn he has; promises to take necessary steps to bring Mr. Peter to justice; will try to take care of repairs needed on the mill.","Scope and Contents Updates Jerdone on his business affairs and accounts; congratulates Jerdone for wishing harmony with all nations.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of William Douglass; inquiring about the position of overseer now vacated; gives brief sketch of his background and that of his son who would like to be employed.","Scope and Contents Has no news; heard Jerdone had been in Hanover and wishes he had come to visit in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Weather appears to promise good crops; reports the horse thief Young was convicted.","Scope and Contents Sends a pointer puppy and advice for care of it; reports on weather and crops; refers to rumours of war between Great Britain and Spain; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; relays interest of Mr. John Graham to buy oats and other crops; refers to dog, the \"canine queen\"; refers to elections being held in town; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Distressed by being alone while her brother William Douglass is away; complains that she cannot handle the work alone; has divided hogs and feels the remainder should be killed; discusses crops and prices; inquires about selling Jerdone's tract of land.","Scope and Contents Will not offer more than £50 to Archer Christian; reports she has employed an overseer as one is needed on condition Jerdone has not hired one; inquires whether he wants the crops sold.","Scope and Contents Acknowledges present; refers to work done on \"waggon\" ; refers to weather and crops; reports on hunting; refers to difficulty in economy from French; other family news. Includes invoice for goods shipped to Francis Jerdone, January 23, 1797.","Scope and Contents Refers to stagnation of business; reports prices of wheat and flour; refers to newspapers and their showing of the \"magic of politics\".","Scope and Contents Has enclosed a newspaper; refers to allies contriving their \"depredatory and unprovoked conduct to this country\"; reports all business is good.","Scope and Contents Has delivered letter to Major; weather has been good but had a frost; hopes peach blossoms survived; has enclosed a Norfolk paper.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Reports brother John is in school at Bradford in Wiltshire and brother William at Keynsham, both studying Latin; describes his father's business and his responsibilities within it; describes the political and military events occurring in England and France; surprised he is wearing a \"redcoat\" on is back; hopes the U.S. will not be dragged into this conflict.","Scope and Contents Including letterfrom George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia , 10 April 1797, referring to business transactions and shipping as well as European events and family news. 2 pages.","Scope and Contents Reports corn and wheat are ready but fears prices will not go as high as Jerdone had expected; hopes to see Jerdone to discuss the land.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone send balance for the 30 barrells ? with bearer; send compliments.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness at estate; reports on sale of crops and payments; other family news.","Sorry to hear the drought has brought disease to persons enslaved by the Jerdon family; wishes he could take a trip North with Mr. Mitchell to get away; worries about the predicament of the U.S. in view of the European events; discusses business concerning Mr. DuVa l? and whether he is a good business risk.","Scope and Contents Refers to job opportunity expressed to him by Jerdone; gives conditions of his employment; will accept job if Jerdone accepts his conditions.","Scope and Contents Informs that a year is up since signing bond; Inquires as to what Jerdone would like to do.","Scope and Contents Letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Describes route of ship which carries his goods; reports events in Europe; refers to peace negotiation with France; reports on crops and weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses crop prices, and receipt of payment; refers to events in Europe as \"hostile\"; reports movement of Dutch to the North of Ireland; reports outbreak of yellow fever; other family news.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses crop prices and quantity; refers to outbreak of yellow fever; reports have received letters from Scotland and refers to the placement of the Dutch fleet; discusses further events in Europe.","Scope and Contents Discusses his land in Kentucky and the value of his land in Virginia; reports orders placed agains t Mr. Holt for Mr. and Mrs. Jerdone; discusses other business of debts.","Scope and Contents Requests Jerdone not send reply with wagoner as he is not trustworthy; encloses letter from Major-DuVal; offers his aid in employment of helpers; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports Jasper has agreed to the operation; thanks Jerdone for finding instruments to use; requests them sent by Saturday or Sunday as when he has the assistance of Dr. Lewis to operate.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and oats and gives prices; reports he has no one to recommend for the notice ? business.","Scope and Contents Reports operation is done; reports Jasper tolerated the pain well and is now very happy; requests that Jerdone return the instruments and forward the enclosed letter; also requests a bottle of molasses for Jasper.","Scope and Contents Recommends hiring Mr. Holeman for the job; refers to many ships missing on their voyages and the lack of information from Europe because of it; gives other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that George Pottie will bring entries needed to be signed for the certificates; they must be entered by 1 December to avoid penalty.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and potential to sell more if the price is agreeable; refers to possibility of hiring Mr. Holeman who would give Jerdone's \"notices\"; reports difficulty in obtaining wheels.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods sent; wanted to send salt but objection to putting in bags; hopes Jerdone will accept the oysters.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of Jasper; describes the symptoms and the opinions of the doctor; reports advised diet and progress of recovery.","Scope and Contents Reports wheat is being delivered; remarks chat the man who delivers this will deliver Jerdone's letter to Mayor DuVal.","Scope and Contents Discusses ship's arrival and goods to be sent; reports on weather; refers to newspapers which have been sent.","Scope and Contents Reports efforts to sell property in order to pay off debt to Jerdone; reports employment of a man by Mr. Gairdner.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; reports iron, leather has been sent; advises Jerdone to write to Mr. Macaulay about his daughter; Includes some accounts of goods sent.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold both the new and old wheat; reports has not been able to sell the old corn; hopes pork will be ready by the 25th.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent hogs; discusses business affairs of corn, wheat, and Indian corn.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Assures that accounts have been properly taken care of; discusses business matters and goods sent; advises him on poplar trees; gives other town news.","Scope and Contents Reports on events in Europe and effect it will have on American economy; reports letter from Major DuVal advising to employ Holeman to give notices; reports Mr. Alexander Macaulaysent his son to school in Chesterfield; reports on crop prices.","Scope and Contents Refers to attempts to sell Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and payments.","Scope and Contents Discusses prospects of selling land; refers to letter from the Major DuVal ; discusses further business, partnerships, and lawsuits.","Scope and Contents 3 Reports that peace has till not come with France; gives numbers of militia and preparedness of British forces; describes recent events involving French and their plans; reports rebel lion in Ireland almost quelled.","Scope and Contents Describes goods shipped to Jerdone; complains about high prices and taxes. Including accounts for all goods shipped to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Time to renew bond with Jerdone; needs instructions.","Scope and Contents Discusses business affairs with Major DuVal in reference to a mortgage of his land; refers to visit of General Marshall.","Reports that Mr. Macaulay must sell his furniture, home, enslaved, persons and plantation for \"ready money\"; wishes to consult with Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter from DuVal to Jerdone; agrees that Jerdone is due Holt's land in compensation for the debts.","Reports son Francis has bought 1/4 of land and enslaved persons mortgaged to her by Holt for £2,750; informs that he has power to act for her.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports sending 20 hogs and wheat timber; reports hasn't finished measuring Indian corn; refers to sale of wheat and Indian corn; reports execution ordered against Mr. Peter; reports sale of cattle.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods sent, including hogs; discusses particular business matters Including payment and when things will be delivered and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to the \"Calamitous disaster of the 22nd November\"; claims will suffer no loss; discusses business accounts, sale of crops and goods shipped to Jerdone; Dr. Cringan wishes puppies.","Informs cannot learn how Black boy can be bound; promises to write soon to make a judgment.","Scope and Contents Discusses business with Mr. Mitchell; refers to events between France and Britain; hopes for peace soon.","Scope and Contents Discusses political events in Europe at the time including dethroning of the kings of Naple and Serdinia and speculation on the King of Prussia; reports River Elbe is frozen disrupting mail delivery; refers to lack of news on army in Egypt and rumors that Napoleon Bonaparte has been killed; predicts the defeat of the Italian Army by the Turks; refers to extensive popularity of Nelson and lists the types of clothing and accessories that have been named after him.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of letters; describes goods sent; refers to death of Mr. Alexander Macaulay; refers to apple crop and weather; describes accomplishments and injuries of Admiral Nelson; reports French declaration of war against Tuscany. Includes invoice of goods shipped by Geo. Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 15 March 1799.","Scope and Contents Reports no further information from Major DuVal; refers to upcoming elections for member of Congress and hopes he will place a vote for General Marshall; hopes a visit to the forge will come soon.","Scope and Contents Doesn't expect good weather to last; hopes to visit soon; encloses payment for interest on bond.","Scope and Contents Explains his recent interest in politics as his way to protect himself against the government; reports no news has arrived from Europe.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent two horses; reports sale of 650 barrels of Indian corn and asks what to do with remainder; expects payment from Mrs. Douglass for corn; hopes for a visit soon.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of horses; explains travel plans for visit; reports news from Europe; refers to defeat of the King of Naples; speculates effect on U.S. posture in foreign relations.","Describes the events surrounding the auction of Mr. Macaulay's goods; lists what she bought at auction including enslaved persons and prices.","Scope and Contents Explains bout with \"cholic\" for any bad disposition; refers to business matters; reports sending of clothes to Mr. Thompson; refers to sale of tobacco to M \u0026 G.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of £530 to Mrs. Macaulay; reports no arrival of the expected fleet; reports weather of 94 degrees with no rain in sight; expresses belief that lack of rain will not hurt tobacco farmers.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on his recent marriage; reports no new news; reports \"vanquishment of the French in Germany and Italy\"; promises to forward any news. Including invoice of goods, Bristol, England , 15 March 1799.","Scope and Contents Describes goods ordered by Jerdone; apologizes for goods he couldn't get. Including account for goods ordered, undated.","Scope and Contents Asks that Jerdone be more particular in his commissions in the future; describes weather and crops; relates that Turner Christian and Mrs. Douglass are both moving; Mrs. Douglass is going back to her plantation.","Scope and Contents Refers to Jerdone's decision to sell his crop on his own; refers to expectation of rain and news of hail in Louisa; expresses regret that Jerdone's wheat was injured; refers to other business matters.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; reports on corn crops; refers to weather; refers to sale of crops; indicates desire for him to visit before engaging as overseer for next year.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather; reports difficulty in finding package supposedly shipped from England; refers to letter to mother and box forwarded; refers to Sandy's well-being and schooling.","Scope and Contents Extends congratulations on marriage; offers his opinion of the Jerdones' companionship and their virtues; reports sale of goods and other business matters.","Scope and Contents Refers to building of a cabin or house; reports forwarding of package.","Scope and Contents Describes goods ordered; hopes for good crops this year; feels that the U.S. will be able to stay out of the war in Europe.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not sending \"half books\"; forwards letter from Mr. Young concerning Jerdone's sister Mrs. Macaulay.","Scope and Contents Including letter from George Braikenridge, Bristol, England to Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia . Explains kerchiefs sent to the ladies; wishes Jerdone happiness with his new wife; describes wet summer and fall and effects on crops; relates that war with France not over; describes conflict with Spain over four English Frigates.","Scope and Contents Reports sent oats and seed cotton; reports sale of wheat; reports progress of Indian corn; reports sale of Mrs. Douglass' fourth of the estate.","Scope and Contents Describes gifts sent and thanks for gifts received; relates that Assembly is sitting; relates crops and prices; explains contract with G. D? rs deals only in gold and silver not \"currency money\"; explains Mr. D? rs has not paid anything on this contract since 17 97 .","Scope and Contents Refers to bad weather's effect on partridges; refers to General George Washington's death; refers to news from Paris on European affairs; refers to nephew Sandy Macaulay's development and schooling.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports trip to Washington D.C. ; refers to affairs in Congress such as the National Bank issue and laws for loans; refers to men ready to defend the \"Fort of Mobile\" with help from Havana.","Scope and Contents Promises will bring over his bond for his account as soon as Mitchell and Gairdner tell him; expresses concern over Jerdone's mother's health; advises Jerdone to call Dr. Honyman.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods sent by wagon; reports no new news.","Scope and Contents Instructs on how to fix furniture injured in transportation; refers to famine and war in Europe and is thankful for good times in West; refers to visit by Turner Christian who did not pay anything against his account; sends seed wheat from Egypt which produces two crops in 12 months for experimentation.","Discusses crop business and prices; reports goods sent; relates death of eight month old, enslaved child.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and illnesses that have occurred in the area; refers to discovery of a planned rebellion by Blac ks and the hope it was squashed.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat prices especially in reference to bread prices and the effects on the poor; relates conflict with France still a problem; Includes other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Jerdone's illness and anxiety; advises on buying flannel for winter coats; refers to \"the disagreeable state of the Blac ks\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes negotiation with France broken off; wheat prices continue to rise as farmers refuse to bring their crops to market; relates riots are occurring because people cannot afford bread; discusses enclosure law; other family news.","Reports son George Braikenridge married a Miss Bush; refers to a planned insurrection of enslaved people in Virginia and hopes nothing came of it; notes that grain prices still high and population is increasing fast; feels new enclosing of common land should be increased to equal it.","Scope and Contents Discusses household business; refers to accounts enclosed.","Scope and Contents Advises Jerdone on how to get a higher price for his wheat; comments on the tobacco market.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat and corn crop; refers to transport of hogs for Christmas; reports on shingles' arrival.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports Assembly has done nothing of significance; feels French convention was not successful to either U.S. domestic or external relations.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Xeroc Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Discusses lack of attention paid to shingles; remarks on similar opinions on settlement; refers to Jefferson's election as President.","Scope and Contents Refers to events in Europe and the latest accounts from Europe; reports on wheat, corn, and flour prices.","Scope and Contents Refers to sale of tobacco; explains that they don't discriminate in price when an entire crop is sold.","Scope and Contents Reports trip to Bottombridge Bottoms Bridge for the evening; refers to Turner Christian's visit and his desire for Jerdone to come visit the forge; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; extends gifts of patterns for wife and mother. Including invoice of goods sent, undated.","Scope and Contents Expresses hope that Jerdone will come visit; refers to recent politics.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire of Turner Christian for Jerdone to visit the forge; reports on crops and crop prices; reports acceptance of two drafts of upwards of $2000.","Discusses crops and business; reports two enslaved children have died. Also three horses.","Scope and Contents Refers to draft on Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner, reports sent someone with interest in his bond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; explains why he thinks payments to Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner mistaken; other business news.","Scope and Contents Sends payment for money due; reports death of Mrs. George Nicholson.","Scope and Contents Sends two knives to be fixed; reports weather has been changeable and advises Jerdone to watch his feet from getting wet or cold.","Scope and Contents Refers to bad colds in area; reports last news from Europe; hope the leaders of Europe will unite.","Scope and Contents Explains took liberty to open letter to Gairdner as he went to Norfolk; sorry to hear son is so sick; has enclosed letter to mother from Mrs. Macaulay.","Scope and Contents Relates meeting the Alexander Macaulay family; encloses forms to cancel a bond; refers to French supplying West Indies with arms; hopes they will reduce those nations back to their \"primitive state of subjection.\"","Scope and Contents Reports preliminary peace has begun between France and Britain; Cornwall is has been in France since early November; relates business has been stagnant and will be until peace is declared; reports military action in St. Domingo and Jamaica; relates food prices.","Refers to unsettled weather; refers to mortgage and how to finish business; explains how the Major has no liquid money to pay off mortgages; encourages to settle position on 'discounts' for enslaved persons; reports Helen Macaulay's intended marriage to son of James Southall, late of Williamsburg; other family news.","Discusses shingles, some have arrived, some still on the way; encloses inspectors receipt for the hog head of tobacco; reports death of an enslaved child \"overlaid by its mother.\"","Scope and Contents Reports drafts were all paid; refers to other accounts.","Scope and Contents Explains delay in goods; refers to events in Europe and to delay in obtaining a treaty; reports prices on goods and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and illness; reports on business with the Major and his mortgage; reports other accounts. Including invoice of payments by Turner Christian, 25 July 1800 and 20 May 1801. 1","Scope and Contents Hopes to receive letter soon; reports peace has finally been reached between France and England but doesn't expect to last long; worries as Britain has no allies.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"the Alarm\" which keeps Jerdone at home alarm of Black revolt? ; reports on status of Major DuVal's account.","Scope and Contents Believes good reason to expect \"an Black uprising attempt\"; refers to Major DuVal's actions toward Gairdner; reports ratification of \"Definitive Treaty\" but has no details; wonders how it will affect business.","Scope and Contents Discusses exchange of gold; reports business with Major DuVal almost completed; other news of health and weather; includes some accounts.","Scope and Contents Explains conditions of release for William DuVal from Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Explains status of DuVal affair and papers that have been drawn up; discusses other bonds; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports Sandy Alexander Macaulay's dissatisfaction at school and his desire to leave; explains Macaulay opposes the water used in the kitchen.","Scope and Contents Reports on DuVal affair; refers to difficulty in getting merchandise; inquires about butchers having come Jerdone's way; other family news.","Scope and Contents Requests payment from William Harris for medical services rendered. Including receipt from William Harris for medical services rendered by Dr. Richmond Lewis.","Scope and Contents Describes Mr. Mitchell's illness and trip planned for his recovery; discusses various business dealings with Major DuVal, Turner Christian and in regard to Holt's lands.","Sorry to hear of another insurrection of enslaved persons and hopes all is well; attributes trouble to effects of French Revolution in St. Domingo; requests any orders for goods be sent as soon as possible as regularity of ships for Virginia is non-existent; discusses crops and prices. Including invoice of goods sent to Francis Jerdone by George Braikenridge, 28 July 1798-26 September 1801. 1","Scope and Contents Encloses \"Holeman's\" report and explains its significance; Major DuVal; reports on crops at the Forge; expresses desire for a visit.","Scope and Contents Gives cost for Holeman's trip; reports \"DuVal affair\"; reports on Mr. Mitchell's trip to Norfolk.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on new son; extends wishes to Mrs. Jerdone for a speedy recovery; reports Mr. Mitchell's return.","Scope and Contents Reports on livestock, crops, and prices.","Scope and Contents Congratulates on increase in family; reports on tobacco.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Discusses illness going around and some remedies; refers to repairs made in cooking utensils; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cotton and hogs; enclosed accounts requested.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Mitchell and her children; congratulates on addition to family.","Scope and Contents Informs that her mother died on the 13th of February; describes her illness; asks for news and letters of family.","Scope and Contents Discusses crop sales handled by Turner Christian; regrets that he cannot handle business of horses; discusses some tobacco business.","Scope and Contents Reports that two hogs hea ds of tobacco have arrived at warehouse; reports fine weather has resulted in increase of tobacco being shipped.","Scope and Contents Items sent; death of mother of Joan Douglass; possibility of war with France; bears invoice of Francis Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports has received two hog hea ds of tobacco; also has received 27 gallons of oil and two kegs of \"white lead\"; cites current prices for these and tobacco.","Scope and Contents Confusion continues as tobacco arrives; hopes oil arrived safely and will be sufficient; business \"is dull\" as the rumour of war affects country.","Scope and Contents Describes disastrous weather of hurricanes and hail; reports news from Turner Christian at Providence Forge; discusses tobacco and its inspection; fears for renewed conflict between France and Great Britain; gives current prices of wheat, corn and tobacco.","Scope and Contents Refers to disastrous tornado near Louisa County ; enclosed weights of two hogs hea ds of tobacco ; asks him to accept four pineapples.","Scope and Contents Reports letter from the Commodore discussing learning navigation and naval tactics; refers to British attempt to acquire the French West Indies ; reports no ships have arrived because of embargo; other family news.","Scope and Contents Received letter from Mr. Rober t Johnson which he repeats; Mr. Christian requests some iron; comments on farmers opinions of crops; gives opinion of town people toward farmers.","Scope and Contents Discusses business; advises to let Turner Christian (overseer) sell the crops; reports weather and other aspects of business.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold old corn for 16 shillings per barrel; asks advice on sale of wheat; reports hogs will be ready by the 28th.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Refers to boy to be sent to learn to be a blacksmith; reports on crops and goods sent.","Refers to missing an enslaved boy; reports \"Anderson's Natt\" won't take apprentices until they are 21 years old; advises to keep boy as laborer a few more years.","Scope and Contents Has sent fourth of money; claims Britain watching for Bonaparte but no occurrences yet; hopes he will soon as Britain is well-prepared; requests to borrow some English newspapers sent by Mr. Braikenridge.","Refers to letter lost with newspapers and intends to send papers separately; refers to enslaved boy's return; advises not to sell him but keep him as a \"mechanic\"; reports problems of enslaved persons with ? Hewlett; \"I am sorry that Hewlett's conduct is so barbarous... It is no business of mine but several of the heads of Negroe families at the forge complained of Hewlett to me. It may be worth your while to write Christian in order that no inhumanity may be used\"; other business.","Scope and Contents Discusses business transactions through mail; discusses events and opinions in England toward the expected invasion of France; discusses weather, crops, and shipping; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes the military forces prepared against France; dreads expense of this military endeavor; requests Jerdone to look for articles of Natural History; Includes list of things he collects.","Scope and Contents Reports is getting over cough and describes some of the remedy; refers to the burning of Norfolk and estimates damage; reflects that this will affect prices.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of crops and prices; reports on progress of stone steps; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports his trip to England and explains he hopes to regain his health there.","Scope and Contents Reports on goods purchased and sent; explains further details on trip to Great Britain.","Scope and Contents Reports on condition of crops and current prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Williamsburg lawyer who helped prepare the Jerdone's suit against William Holt; describes his preparations of the suit; encloses the newspapers for damages.","Scope and Contents Reports on crop condition and current prices; reports on hogs also.","Scope and Contents Reports tobacco has passed inspection; reports on Gairdner's health and on Sandy Mitchell's leg; refers to prices for tobacc o .","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends payment to cover interest on bond; report on weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat, transportation and harvest of cotton, corn crops and hogs; refers to Mr. William Mitchell.","Scope and Contents Thanks Jerdone for his consoling letter; refers to death of George Gairdner; announces her marriage on August 3, 1804 to Mr. Thomson; inquires of the Douglass'; invites Jerdone's nephew to visit her during his vacations at school; discusses the death of Mr. Waugh and his inheritance.","Scope and Contents Reports death of George Gairdner; describes his perception of their friendship; explains connection made between Jerdone's cousin, Joan Douglass Thomson, and George; extends his help in whatever he can do.","Reports death of his brother on the 10th; describes conditions of will including freeing of enslaved persons; assures Jerdone accounts will be taken care of.","Scope and Contents Explains that letter carried by Mr. Gairdner was delayed and this is why goods were delayed; includes list of goods shipped.","Scope and Contents Reports on due balance to Jerdone and events which will lead to payment; recommends Mr. Innes as agent to take care of his business.","Scope and Contents Agrees 5% commission is outrageous and suggests a lower percent; reports on status of Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner House; requests Jerdone only draw $10,000 so as to preserve the existence of M \u0026 G.","Scope and Contents Introduces himself and offers his services as an agent.","Scope and Contents Reports sent goods; sent copy of invoice to Willia m Cuthbertof Norfolk as he was agent for Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner; insured goods as have been reports of plundering by French Privateers; reports French left W. Indies before Lord Nelson arrived and now being pursued along coast of U.S.","Scope and Contents Refers to deaths of Mr. Gairdner and Mr. Mitchell; supposes Mitchell's executors will take care of goods; requests place to direct mail for Jerdone and Mr. Thompson.","Scope and Contents Reports will not enter Navy; asks for recommendation of what profession he should pursue.","Scope and Contents Discusses loan for Mr. Thompson; inquires if a personal security is sufficient or if he would prefer real estate; has had no shipment from Bristol.","Scope and Contents Reports has received payment for tobacco from England; inquires whether Jerdone would like his payment in sterling or in currency; explains which is more convenient; advises he put money in Bank of England rather than Bank of Virginia because it pays interest.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of Major DuVal's mortgage; promises to finish matter soon or take legal steps.","Scope and Contents Requests Providence Forge estate be divided so that he may have his share inherited from his father; requests Jerdone go down in order to divide estate; feels this best and most economical way.","Scope and Contents Reports on business; has 42 hogs ready by December 15th; wheat has been sold; corn not fully harvested yet.","Scope and Contents Reports meetings with Major DuVal and Thomas Wilson; refers to unwillingness on Wilson's part to pay mortgage.","Scope and Contents Reports has waited on business with DuVal sufficient time and now thinks it is time to go to court for payment; has sold wheat; gives list of goods sent by Abram.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent 44 hogs and the accounts for 1804; relates had mentioned buying Mr. Douglass' share of the estate but Douglass is interested in buying another 1/4.","Scope and Contents Discusses preparations for lawsuit involving debts due Jerdone by Mitchell and Gairdner and Mr. DuVal; hopes to prevent suit from going into \"Court of Chancery.\"","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends interest on bond, suggests talking to bearer who has just returned from Mediterranean cruise.","Scope and Contents Describes the conditions of payment of a mortgage debt; explains procedure used to settle conflict; gives conditions of proposals offered and results if go to court.","Scope and Contents Reports will receive detailed account of settlement with Major DuVal; does not feel this settlement is in Jerdone's best interest; debt has been transferred into hands of bank.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter sent explaining DuVal settlement.","Scope and Contents Reports condition of wheat crops; has not sold Indian corn and expects low price; looks forward to Jerdone's visit to Providence Forge; other business matters.","Scope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mitchell \u0026 Gairdner; refers to dry weather; requests copy of accounts of 1804.","Scope and Contents Reports offers of Mr. Brown to pay off whole debt of Mitchell and Gairdner; sorry to hear Mr. Christian will leave Jerdone's employ; relates mason has set of stone steps waiting to be picked up; requests instructions on those.","Scope and Contents Reports has received payment from Mr. Christian on accounts; has delivered settlement with Major DuVal signed by both parties; feels will be important against DuVal's claims of equity.","Scope and Contents Reports goods sent; refers to duty payment due; discusses weather and its impact on corn and tobacc o .","Scope and Contents Bearer has two pair shoes; agrees with character judgment of Mr. McLaren; hopes rain benefited Jerdones; has not received money from Mr. Fenwick or Christian; reports river too low to ship things; arrival of ship from Liverpool.","Scope and Contents Discusses debt due by Mr. Fenwick to Mr. Christian; discusses effects of rain on corn, tobacc o; refers to rumours of French-English peace negotiations.","Has sent five dozen pair of plaid hose; \"forwarded deed and power of attorney to Mr. Christian\"; \"there seems to be more difficulty in the business... owing to some informality on the part of the Commissioners in omitting to name\" the enslaved persons; seems uncertain, whether deed can be proved in court.","Scope and Contents Refers to inquiry of McLaren's movements; refers to Jerdone's unwillingness to travel because of weather conditions.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Sends $500 in bank notes to exchange for silver; refers to two bills in Assembly: to do away with guard in Richmond and to place taxes on bank stock; implies Senate will agree to neither.","Scope and Contents Reports family well and daughter born to his son and daughter-in-law; lists goods sent; refers to little reliable news.","Scope and Contents Reports birth of daughter and other family news; relates has entered into West Indies mercantile business as his relation Mr. Weare has retired from it; describes this business and some of its holdings; reports some of the activities of the French.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; advises to sell corn at $5; refers to competition from northward; refers to treaty with Great Britain; fears it won't be ratified.","Scope and Contents Discusses tea sent; explains different shipping routes and introduces his agents in Norfolk, Virginia and Liverpool, England ; refers to McLaren and fears hasn't sold any corn; reports on potato scarcity and his discovery of Nova Scotia potatoes which he \"finds equal to real Irish or Scottish potatoes\"; other family news and business.","Scope and Contents Describes goods sent; refers to letters received from the Brackenridge; discusses prices of crops; refers to illness of Captain Maconand his depressed spirits.","Scope and Contents Refers to previous letter and goods sent with it; discusses war between England and France; believes it won't end while Bonaparte lives; refers to weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of four stone steps by waggon; discusses bill for steps; refers to forwarding letters to Britain; reports number of people who have come to see the trial of Colonel Aaron Burr; expects trial \"to be put off for want of testimony\"; reports on French retreat because of lack of supplies; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business transactions; refers to some political event and speculates on government action but not specific; speaks of politics between France and Britain; refers to business with McLaren.","Scope and Contents Refers to suit in Chancery Court in Williamsburg and bill which will need to be answered by Jerdone; refers to Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone'sillness and other family news.","Scope and Contents Outlines and explains suit of John Pierce and Samuel Beall against Francis Jerdone and his mother Sarah Macon Jerdone .","Scope and Contents Refers to letter to Braikenridge's father of April 1807; reports growth of his family; is glad to hear of change in profession; regrets war in Europe not over; refers to attack on Chesapeake frigate by British ship; other family news. Including Francis Jerdone, Louisa County, Virginia to George Braikenridge Bristol, England , 20 April 1807, informing of family news and listing goods ordered from Mr. Braikenridge.","Scope and Contents Explains what goods sent and why others weren't; apologizes for lateness of goods. Including invoice of goods sent by George Braikenridge to Francis Jerdone, 17 September 1807. 2 pages.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; refers to delay in goods from England; reports peaceful trend between Britain and United States; reports surrender of Copenhagen to British Army and also Danish Fleet; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"rough treatment which poor Minny experienced, it may be a good lesson to him, he is not apt to be impertinent, but I suppose the parting drink with his Richmond friends had some effect on his conduct...\"; expresses surprise at small wheat crop; refers to lateness of goods from England; believes relations will remain peaceful with Britain; reports Bonaparte's order for blockading decree on American ships; refers to Major DuVal's note coming due; other family news.","Scope and Contents Advises to have corn \"manufactured\" by a nearby mill; discusses arrival of ship from England including letters from the Braikenridges; discusses pork and prices; not satisfied with political relations with Great Britain .","Scope and Contents Refers to business transactions in Williamsburg; expresses concern over British-American relations; has enclosed accoun ts.","Scope and Contents Has received \"two hogs heads of the meanest tobacco I ever saw pass inspection\"; sorry can't pass on good news as British-American politics don't seem to be improving; sorry to hear of Jerdone's poor health. Including account of 18 March 1808 signed by Smith ? Price. 1","Scope and Contents Refers to difficulties of communication because of American embargo on England; claims this has had no ill-effects on English standard of living; refers to Spanish struggle to free from Bonaparte; reports English have forced French from Portugal.","Requests Francis Jerdone come visit to settle accounts with Mr. McLaren; reports on crops, livestock, and sale of crops; reports no iron; requests outside clothing for enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising prices of foreign goods; believes a non-intercourse act and embargo will pass Congress; refers to last order from Jerdone; hopes Spain will succeed; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Reports delay in getting tobacco to market; reports on crops; reports receipt of iron; gives weight of all hogs killed.","Scope and Contents Discusses care and progress of livestock.","Scope and Contents Questions whether embargo will be raised; reports prices have declined from rumours that embargo will continue; refers to rumours of battles in Spain; business and family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to shipment of indifferent nails as \"proper speciman of penitentary workmanship\"; reports limited removal of embargo; feels this will do little for tobacc o industry; discusses business transactions with Mr. Tazewell and Mr. Douglass .","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of tobacc o; reports has received news from England and finds ports of France, Holland, and their colonies still interested in trade; gives report on prices in British ports.","Scope and Contents Refers to Mrs. Jerdone's health and the weather; reports rumours that the Austrians were defeated; claims will have no peace as long as Bonaparte \"reigns on the Continent of Europe.\"","Scope and Contents Sorry to confirm reports of a breach with Britain; explains events centering around Mr. Erskine and Mr. Jackson, Minister to the U.S.","Scope and Contents Refers to business with Mr. Dunsmore; reports on weather; refers to the battle of the Danube and rumors of a Russian Army marching against Austria; expresses concern.","Scope and Contents Refers to prohibition of direct intercourse with Great Britain; discusses a Mr. Dillard who has inquired about a position with Mr. Jerdone as overseer of the New Kent estate.","Scope and Contents Includes invoice.","Scope and Contents Items shipped, bears invoice, 1809, of Francis Jerdone.","Encloses bill for attendance of enslaved persons.","Discusses sale of crops; claims willingness to pay his part of profits for estate; discusses accounts with Mr. Morecock, John Davis, McLaren; enslaved persons need clothes; and shop needs tools.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of Braikenridge letter informing of arrival of goods at Norfolk.","Discusses transport of articles to Jerdone; intends to attend to tobacc o following day; has enclosed invoice from Braikenridge in Bristol.","Reports pork is almost ready; reports progress in crop processing; questions Francis Jerdone's intention to use timber on estate.","Discusses use of timber on estate and who has the right to use it; reports on hogs and corn.","Reports on hogs and wheat.","Discusses some business; expresses desire for Jerdone to come to visit.","Discusses sale of tobacco, the advertisement was too late for this paper but will be in the next; assures that the expenses are taken care of.","Has sent the three hogheads of tobacco to New York to be sold; P.S. tobacco didn't pass inspection, was sold.","Encloses accounts on sale of tobacc o; will send current accounts if requested.","Reports letter arrived in time to be sent to London; regrets \"low state of health\" of Mrs. Sarah Macon Jerdone .","Reports update of account, refers to trouble nobility in London have been causing.","Has sent medicines by Mr. J. Thompson; refers to rain.","Discusses wheat crop and prices for its ale; requests figures in order to update books of Jerdone and Douglass; other family and business news.","Discusses crops, livestock, enslaved persons and other business.","Discusses the merits of private tutors and schools; weather good for harvest; refers to Napoleon and his preoccupation with his wife; reports Holland has been made a province of France.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of crops, prices and transport of hogs.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates events in Great Britain not good; king not likely to recover; Parliament appointing Prince of Wales regent and ministry looking to new restrictions; from France the Berlin and Milan Decrees not revoked and French ambassador has arrived.","Scope and Contents Reports accounts for past year; discusses possibility of loaning money; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires of lack of correspondence from Jerdone and Dr. Honyman; implies difficulties in Britain; suggest correspondence under cover of consul in Liverpool, Jame s Maury.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of package; refers to Bonaparte's release of all \"American vessels and cargoes in ports of France.\"","Scope and Contents Forwards proceedings from Louisa County Court; advises on the next steps to take.","Scope and Contents Worries of lack of correspondence; wonders if Dr. Honyman is still alive; will collect magazines for him only up to end of year without direction.","Scope and Contents Relates sale of wheat by Mr. Douglass; offers to forward mail to Great Britain .","Scope and Contents Advises Mrs. Jerdone on her will and under the law how she can divide her estate.","Scope and Contents Discusses \"political horizon\"; refers to chances of war and effect of Non-Importation Act; gives overview of crop prices.","Scope and Contents Has forwarded letters to England and suggests other ports from which to send letters; reports delivery of goods; refers to events in England; other general business news.","Scope and Contents Reports delivery of hogs; hopes he Francis Jerdone will be satisfied with their sale; reports on wheat crop and intending sale. Including list of hogs killed, undated.","Scope and Contents Pleased to hear from Jerdone; worries correspondence may not last long by looks of American hostilities; gives update on family; refers to eye problems of George Weare; wonders how he will send magazines to Dr. Honyman.","Scope and Contents Discusses difficulty in finding bricks and the future state of sugar; believes British will not \"begin the war\" and wonders if we \"must goad them into it\"; fears this will be regretful.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; refers to wine obtained; discusses fabric for \"neck cloths\"; refers to difficulty in obtaining \"good sugar.\"","Scope and Contents Discusses business transaction with Tom; refers to difficulty in obtaining quality goods and the high prices; reports wheat was rejected by millers and sold.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat; refers to difficulty of obtaining port wine; has forwarded letter to Braikenridge to Norfolk; discusses payment for load.","Scope and Contents Explains why he hasn't yet gotten the goods requested.","Scope and Contents Reports will receive goods; reports stores poorly stocked; will send statement and money from wheat with Tom next time if agreed by Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to account and bond enclosed; has sent cheese; hopes they still will escape war, but wouldn't thank rulers for it.","Scope and Contents Reports hasn't sold corn; refers to declaration of war and believes won't be able to sell corn for a higher price; hopeful for a good next crop.","Scope and Contents Sends port wine and cask of London bottle d \"porter\"; refers to declaration of war on Britain and her dependencies on the 18th; will send interest as soon as possible.","Scope and Contents Sends payment for interest and balance; reports Braikenridge no longer makes kind he Francis Jerdone wanted.","Scope and Contents Gives update on his sons and their accomplishments; fears correspondence will be difficult with declaration of war; discusses weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses lawsuits of Jerdone's against estate of Wm. Holt; advises best way to be successful; questions desires of Francis Jerdone in case.","Scope and Contents Request for loan of eight to ten thousand dollars; encloses bond to be completed by brother Tom in Jerdone's presence.","Scope and Contents Reports low number of hogs; reports has sold wheat and corn; reports on present corn crop.","Scope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of corn.","Scope and Contents Refers to order for kegs of Madeira and rum; reports the \"seaman's bill\" passed the Congress and British were so happy with it they delayed the sailing of troops to the U.S.; reports U.S. troops have taken York in Canada; relays no demand for wheat.","Refers to illness among enslaved persons; discusses crops and market for corn.","Scope and Contents Discusses accounts; refers to weather; relates good news from Spain, but has heard nothing in Germany.","Scope and Contents Discusses transportation of articles ordered by Jerdone; refers to the illness of Mr. Pottie and James Govan; feels thinness in \"ranks of aquaintances\"; reports from Spain contradictory but favorable.","Scope and Contents Discusses hogs and how they will be split up; discusses harvest and sale of corn and wheat and payment of taxes and wages.","Discusses order for corduroy, mustard, and pepper; reports situation with \"hire of labourers\"; doesn't feel Jerdone's enslaved persons would average more than $50 for hire because of the war.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of goods; reports abdication of throne by Bonaparte and restoration of Lewis the 18th Louis XVIII ; refers to hopeful news that commissioners of U.S. will settle problems with Great Britain. Includes list of goods purchased for him Francis Jerdone .","iscusses the illness and death among enslaved persons from typhus fever; discusses crops and hogs; waiting for visit from the British.","Scope and Contents Discusses goods he sent Jerdone; prospects for peace are gloomy; fears war will continue two or three years; afraid to send balance due him by Abram. Including account, undated.","Scope and Contents Reports difficulty in getting specie; refers to delivery of cotton; hopes for speedy end to war; refers to rumor of armistice. Including list of goods sent, undated.","Scope and Contents Refers to family and weather; reports developments in Europe; refers to negotiations in Ghent; reports on available rum.","Scope and Contents Reports on accounts; refers to the lying of Davis and his behavior in visiting and drinking with a mulatto; discusses hogs; refers to Jerdone's need of an overseer.","Scope and Contents Gives update of family; hopes to hear from Americans soon.","Scope and Contents Refers to peace with U.S.; gives update on family; sends message to Dr. Honyman; reports Bonaparte has regained rule in France.","Scope and Contents Refers to previous letters; gives account for magazines and conditions for shipment.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of letter and tobacco which he will inspect and sell; claims this is a good time to sell it; refers to \"no news of importance from Europe.\"","Scope and Contents Reports on the two hogsheads of tobacco .","Scope and Contents Refers to enclosed letter from Mr. Braikenridge; hopes peace has been achieved in Europe; reports on weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of ship; has forwarded letter from Mr. Braikenridge; refers to magazines.","Scope and Contents Describes articles sent to Jerdone including plough, nails, shoe thread, and others.","Scope and Contents Discusses conditions of sale of tobacco; reports has bought two piece s of linen .","Scope and Contents Describes goods sent; discusses conditions on sale of tobacco; reports cannot give accounts on tobacco yet as it hasn't been weighed.","Scope and Contents Reports inability to accommodate his Francis Jerdone Sons for this year because house is incomplete; describes educational system at his school based on what parent wants taught; discusses tuition and board rates.","Scope and Contents Reports all three sons are well; describes subjects taken, lists books bought for classes; gives number of students at school; other family news.","Reports indictment of George Boxley for hiring out Isaack, a person enslaved by the Jerdones, as well as a person enslaved by another man; encloses poem written by Boxley; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that brother Willia m is very ill with \"running sores,\" fever and headache; wishes he could be brought home; refers to mother's trip to Hanover.","Refers to enclosed copy of proceedings of case involving enslaved persons; has enclosed affidavit for suit against Peter Clarkson; discusses this suit in reference to payment.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of money to pay interest on bonds; refers to no statement because Francis Jerdone hasn't ordered any goods.","Scope and Contents Discusses latest order; fears war will go on two or three years; refers to accounts of last two transactions; refers to the predatory warfare...by the British...on the Potomack.\"","Scope and Contents Describes conditions and needed persons for taking Mrs. Jerdone's deposition in suit against Clarkson.","Scope and Contents Discusses paralytic stroke of \"the old Governor\"; refers to illness of Mrs. Daniel; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports \"the old Governour\" not in good health; refers to violation of school rules by many boys including George Mitchell; refers to wheat harvest and lack of butter.","Scope and Contents Reports damage from heavy rains; refers to cases of whooping cough nearby; reports exams beginning; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to crops of Mrs. Lewis and her sale of wheat in Fredericksburg; reports Captain Holladay still has his store.","Scope and Contents Refers to health; expresses sorrow of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler's illness; relates new regulations on saying lessons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses corn crop and selling prices; reports on hog development; refers to attempt at selling Ho it's land but no bidders.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; relates trip of Mr. Lewis and John Boyer to Fredericksburg; refers to many boys being sent home for winter clothes.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; sorry to hear of cousin Gardland's wife's illness; refers to speaking to Mr. Lewis about potatoes.","Scope and Contents Reports continued sowing of wheat by Lewis'; refers to better Irish potato crop; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to birth of daughter to Mr. and Mrs. Lewis; relates dates of vacation; hogs have not yet arrived.","Scope and Contents Reports Mr. Lewis buying corn and hogs and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports weather and health; refers to vacation drawing near; other family news.","Reports on crops and hogs; disappointed that there will not be enough cotton to clothe the \"people\" enslaved persons and satisfy other needs; other business news.","Scope and Contents Describes articles sent including hat and saddle bags; regrets there is no \"English cheese\" and not able to get any \"London porter.\"","Scope and Contents Gives schedule of his school day; believes rules are not as bad as he first believed; discusses tuition overseer description and wages ; and gives other news about school.","Scope and Contents Refers to communications; refers to weather and crops; relates economic conditions, employment and prosperity; gives update on sons; relates insurrection in London of lower class; ponders changes that may have taken place since he left Virginia.","Scope and Contents Refers to seeing waggoners carrying wheat to Fredericksburg; intends on coming home on Friday as there is no school after 12 o'clock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Approaches prospect of buying the Providence Forge estate.","Scope and Contents Reports on goods sent; accepts request to find horses, although thinks it difficult at this time of the year; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival before dinner; refers to health at school.","Scope and Contents Laments distance from her relatives; gives report on her children and their schooling; other family news.","Scope and Contents Gives description of company visiting school; discusses crops of potatoes, peas, and wheat; other local news.","Scope and Contents Refers to good health of all; reports Mr. Lewis got home about 10 o'clock on Tuesday.","Scope and Contents Reports on efforts to find a horse; refers to threat of fire to house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports being sent to stay with Mrs. Lewis; refers to visit by John Boyer; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn; relates bad quality of wheat; would like if Jerdone visited during the summer.","Scope and Contents Refers to Mr. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; reports date of vacation; discusses Mr. Lewis' horse.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of \"Huttons Mathematicks\"; understands these sold for $8 in Fredericksburg; expects to be home in a week.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of cherries and Mrs. Lewis' trip to Fredericksburg; sorry to hear of poor Meeny's end; \"... did not apprehend that he was going mad.\"","Scope and Contents Reports weather and crops; refers to Mrs. Lewis' travels about Virginia; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports rain previous night; discusses Mr. Lewis' potatoes.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"sty\" on his left eye; thanks for the cherries; intends to arrive the following morning; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"chinches\" (bedbugs) and their troublesomeness; reports on crops and their development at the plantation; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; mentions the Bowdens? and Faulcon families and visit by Mr. Faulcon.","Scope and Contents Complains of \"chinches\" and condition of room; reports arrivals of boys remarking on absence of Moncures, Travers Daniel and G. Mitchell; discusses Mr. Lewis' crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of wheat and corn; refers to disease among hogs which has decreased number for fattening; reports releasing overseer because of woman he's taken up with; other business and family news; advice on paying the next overseer.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to various family friends' visits; comments on laziness of the overseer and pay; other family news.","Relates the swelling of the North Anna river and problems caused by it; wagon of \"Negroe buyers\" and 40 enslaved persons stuck, sheep loose.","Scope and Contents Reports on rain and its effects; refers to flooding of schoolhouse; reports on family friends; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports he and brother Frank have made geographic table of U.S.; gives information on Mrs. Lewis, Doctor Minor and absence of Willia m, George Mitchell and ? Crutchfield; refers to weather; reports appointed of classes with nine students in each; refers to tickets report cards? and exam on rules.","Scope and Contents Gives update on family; refers to health; reports on weather and crops; describes economic situation; refers to lack of Fruit.","Scope and Contents Reports on apple harvest, sowing wheat and corn; gives an update of people at \"Llangollen\"; reports on visits from Isabella Pottie, Sally Toler, Garland Thompson, and Mrs. Lumbdon.","Scope and Contents Reports order for Irish potatoes by Mr. Lewis; refers to Frank Harris' visit and his business with Wm. Boyer's suit.","Scope and Contents Reports on Mr. Lewis' Irish potatoes; refers to types of food eaten recently; reports on family friends; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat sales of the full year; reports on hogs; relates death of son and wife's illness since.","Scope and Contents Refers to putting away ice; believes it is too early; refers to Mt-s. Lewis' hogs and Mr. Lewis having to buy all his meat this year.","Scope and Contents Discusses means of dividing Providence Forge estate; refers to death of Princess Charlotte of England and her stillborn child.","Discusses sale and payment of corn; refers to bad behavior of an enslaved person who in ran away to Jerdone and is incredulous that he is still at Jerdone's; all enslaved personsare \"trying the overseer\" because they have all \"had their way\" for so long; makes proposal to buy Providence Forge.","Scope and Contents Reports trip went well and Mr. Lewis is ill; mentions a meeting at \"Elk Creek Metting House\" .","Speaks of health of two enslaved persons and Polly Chandler; reports Mr. Lewis has hired a new housekeeper, Katy Bell; relates the Dr.'s son's wounded leg is still in a bad condition.","Scope and Contents Reports Dr. Kean's son Julian was sent home to get payment for his tuition for the past five years; reports a portico will be built; Dr.'s son's leg is getting better; plans on being home Friday.","Scope and Contents Reports having three painful boils; discusses weather and crops; wheat looks bad all over and corn hasn't come up yet.","Scope and Contents Speaks of health and weather; intends to forward letter to Mr. Braikenridge; believes Jerdone should have sent his order to Braikenridge sooner.","Scope and Contents Discusses corn crop and prices of sale; has deposited money for corn and wheat in U.S. Bank at Richmond; discusses conditions for payment for crops; hopes Jerdone doesn't blame him that account hasn't been paid.","Scope and Contents Discusses the rain received and the damage the North Anna? river has done by being so full.","Presents bill for keeping of enslaved persons by the Sheriff of Albemarle; describes circumstances surrounding their imprisonment; reports they have been returned to their enslavers, explains Jerdone will be reimbursed by Clarkson's estate.","Scope and Contents Describes his travels to Washington including means and times of departure and arrival; impressed by the steamboat; describes Alexandria as \"regularly built\"; reports will be in Baltimore and then in New York.","Scope and Contents Describes countryside and bridges seen; describes development and expansion of city; describes \"Peales Museum\" and all the animals and human things there; refers to parade the day before of the militia and volunteers of Pennsylvania; refers to less expensive prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Xerox Copy of Autograph Letter Signed. Describes their journey from Philadelphia through Trenton, Princeton and Brunswick, New Jersey; describes weather and roads; describes procession for General Montgomery and his funeral arrangements; reports the comforts of the steamboat.","Scope and Contents Describes their travels; expresses pleasure with the Northern states; discusses crops seen; reports articles shipped to Mr. James Innes.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent bill of lading, invoice and goods for Mr. Francis Jerdone; hopes will be of service to Innes: discusses tobacco, wheat and flour prices. Including invoice of sundries shipped by Maury \u0026 Latham, Liverpool, England to James Innes, Richmond, Virginia, 3 August 1818.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods sent; reports hope for good crops; reports fire at Gallego's Mill.","Has sold Jerdone's portion of the crop from the forge; describes conditions of the sale and prices; discusses depositing money into Richmond bank; hopes to join his family at the sulphur springs; needs for a new overseer, more enslaved persons and a new mill stone.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of Minors and absence of Falcons; has called on the Doctor and he will give John the accountbefore he leaves; reports \"Old Davy\" died.","Scope and Contents Reports forwarding of letters from Liverpool; reports arrival of ship carrying goods.","Scope and Contents Refers to son's employment in \"procuring\" articles for the family; refers to death of Sarah Macon Jerdone; feels President's message to Congress gave flattering view of domestic and foreign conditions; reports prices in Britain of September 18 on tobaccoand cotton have had no variation.","Scope and Contents Reports articles sent by wagon, discusses prices for wheat; refers to death of grandmother Sarah Macon Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Discusses mistakes made in his account.","Scope and Contents Has sent cask for cider; appreciates Jerdone's generosity; asks where sale will take place; requests he tell wife that Sally has written; asks for sister's book back if he has finished reading it.","Discusses money received for crops; refers to growth of hogs and corn crops; reports need for enslaved persons; relates going to Richmond around the 15th to put money in bank; if H?t is returned he shall not be whipped.","Scope and Contents Refers to request to keep Jerdone's inheritance at interest and make bond payable to Jerdone; reports has 20 sheep he can spare but they must be sent for soon or they won't be able to travel.","Scope and Contents Has sent 31 hogs; reports also has sent 350 \"weight\" of cotton; refers to inability to spin cotton this year but promises it will be done next; requests shoes for a boy; reports will be going to Richmond to deposit money in bank.","Scope and Contents Discusses last letter and projected time of arrival of goods; refers to peace in Europe.","Scope and Contents Requests one or two bottles of wine.","Scope and Contents Severe economic times; bears account, 1818-1819, of Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports on prospects of sale of wheat and corn; sorry to hear that Jerdone doesn't believe money was put into the bank; explains circumstances.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; reports refusal of Dank to cash check in part in gold; advised son to go to the Farmers Bank.","Refers to an enslaved woman who he is glad was \"sent down as she went off without very little or no cause - she has not done one month's work for the last 3 years\"; discusses crops and prices.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of wheat and corn and prices; refers to forwarding of money from sale; other business news.","Scope and Contents Reports to development of cotton, wheat and hogs; refers to prices at market; reports arrangements to repair \"dwelling house\"; other business news; labor shortage.","Box 6-7. 65 items.","Scope and Contents Sorry to hear of illness of family; refers to his own illness; advises a new practice using \"Mercury and camphire\" artificial camphor.","Scope and Contents Reports on offer for sale of wheat; reports on other crops and estimates yield.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat; reports on other crops' development and estimates prices; refers to hogs; refers to price of his part of the estate.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent 50 hogs and 300 pounds of cotton; is sorry to hear that Jerdone can't buy his part of the farm; claims advantages would be greater in ownership by one person.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and weather; refers to \"demise of George the Third and of his son the Duke of Kent.\"","Scope and Contents Refers to untrustworthy mail system; reports gloomy prospect for crops; relates problems handling estate; overseers take advantage of her; reports couldn't get bricks for mother's tomb; refers to eye affliction of Cousin; refers to mother's death.","Scope and Contents Consoles brother on illness of his wife; refers to crippled cousin whom she cares for; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge; refers to crops and weather; refers to letters from nephew William .","Scope and Contents Refers to and consoles on death of Jerdone's wife; refers to crippled cousin; fears trouble with the \"black property\" and the \"quarrels of our rulers.\"","Scope and Contents Refers to death of \"your amiable lady\" Mary \"Polly\" Byars Jerdone; reports bad weather and damage done to crops; reports intention to pay largest bond.","Scope and Contents Desires to pay bond; requests a messenger who will bring money to Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports amount of payment on bond; refers to quality of crops; refers to lack of correspondence from George Braikenridge .","Scope and Contents Discusses accounts of Charles Thompsonand Mr. Mitchell; refers to death of Jerdone's wife; sorry to hear of Mrs. Isabella Mitchell'sill health; refers to his age and doubts that he will live another year.","Scope and Contents Explains delay of wagon; assures money is ready.","Scope and Contents Refers to loss of goods and wreckage of ship; assures the loss wasn't great and of the security of the debt with them.","Reports on crops and prices received; reports on hogs and number lost by others due to eating mushrooms; enlaved persons need shoes.","Scope and Contents Discusses the assistance of John Lipscomb and Mr. Tyler in the settlement.","Scope and Contents Requests a small amount of money for a short trip he is taking.","Reports on problem with neighbor about property line; refers to health; hired out enslaved persons; better then working for villainous overseers; and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; discusses Doctor'strip to New York and his sale of his Alabama property to Colonel Jones; reports on potato crop and thanks him for offer of apples.","Scope and Contents Reports on business, crops, and prices; reports on family movements and health.","Scope and Contents Has sent 41 hogs; apologizes for not having sent money for the corn sale but has lost pocketbook with money and accounts in it; promises to pay money in bank when family is well enough for him to go to Richmond.","Discusses health; refers to prices of food and scarcity of provisions; refers to problems with the executors of Wm. Mitchell's will; \"in the meantime the Negroes were going about working for those that would give them food\"; relates letter received from Doctor reporting daughter's death; refers to their leaving Virginia; refers to news of Frank and John Jerdone and George Mitchell.","Scope and Contents Reports sending payment for interest on bond; refers to ill-development of crops; refers to war between France and Spain; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports on receiving letter from the Doctorsaying he had sold his estate and referring to death of child; discusses crops.","Scope and Contents Reports has purchased all the interest of the Forge estate; made careful inspection of all court records.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops and hogs; refers to division of property; hopes to stay in house another year.","Scope and Contents Desires to pay bond; plans return to native country for summer; Garland Mitchell will transact business in his James Innes absence.","Scope and Contents Reports bond has been delivered; promises to take letters to friends in England and to inquire of Mr. Braikenridge; sends good wishes.","Scope and Contents Discusses health and Sally's illness; refers to Doctor'sinjured leg; refers to Frank Jerdone and George Mitchell; refers to storm earlier in the week; reports on her health and offers a quarter of veal.","Discusses procurement of goods for enslaved persons; \"I therefore wish to know from you whether I am to get whiskey for Negros in harvest\"; reports on crops and needs for harvest; relates enslaved persons have recovered from the measles and have 53 lambs.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson has come for two months; refers to news of Torn and Doctor; reports news of Mr. Braikenridge through Dr. Honyman; refers to fruit crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of Jerdone's servant Mima; discusses health; reports Sally Thompson left; reports on lack of rain and poor crops; needs new overseer; one she has is \"good for nothing, they will do for one year, after that they are \"indeferent\" indifferent; other family news.","Discusses problems with shipping corn; reports losses from leaking ships; discusses sale of lambs to butcher; discusses cotton; refers to death of an enslaved child and widespread illness; relates Mr. Douglass' desire to build a fence around the Hill Estate; refers to Jerdone's desire for him to quit.","Scope and Contents Reports will be visiting on the 26th of August at an unnamed hour; hopes to be informed by brother before visit.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of last letter; refers to lack of established religion and implies morality is wanting in America; other family news. Including Copy of Autograph Letter Signed to Francis Jerdone, 20 February 1823. Comments on development of trade in Va.; reports lack of ships from Bristol bound for Va.; refers to possibility of war in Europe; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports George has left college Hampden-Sydney because of a falling out with the tutor; \"He means to go to this university as soon as it goes into operation\"; reports Tom is in \"Carraccas\" and Frank has been sick all summer; complains about overseer; reports crops doing poorly; claims \"young Honyman\" is a worthless creature and has been sending accounts to her for money she does not owe.","Scope and Contents Reports on family visits and health; refers to crops and food supplies; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; complains about overseers; reports Charles Thompson has found a new overseer for following year; relates a chair bought for her to ride around the plantation; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports son George will go back to Hampden-Sydney; \"He returns to Hampden-Sydney the 1 of July, he had a trip there about ten days ago, they have an entire set of new teachers so he agreed to go back. I had much rather he was there than at this university there is not the same temptation for extravagance\"; reports news of Doctor Honyman'spoor condition; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; reports Sally Thompson's children are very ill; reports George began class; has not heard from the Doctor; reports overseer seems to be industrious; complains of neighbors stealing her livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports no new cases of small pox; discusses material necessary for \"netting the sain seine\"; gives idea of cost to make netting; discusses crops and weather; reports many newborn children, lambs, and calves.","Discusses health, reports wet weather has delayed planting; complains of enslaved persons stealing her livestock and goods; refers to hired out enslaved person who ran away; other family news.","Needs new cotton machine; discusses health of enslaved persons; has finished seine [?] but it is too short; refers to bad conduct of son's servant; discusses running away of three enslaved persons; complains of ungratefulness; family news; P.S. enslaved persons have returned; promises to be more strict with them as they have become spoiled.","Scope and Contents Informs there is little hope for sister's Isabella Jerdone Mitchell recovery.","Scope and Contents Hopes to share fences at the plantation until next fall because Jerdone's are in such bad condition and he won't be able to fix them during this season.","Scope and Contents Writes to announce and arrange funeral service for her \"mother\"; describes intended service and expresses respect for strength of her \"mother.\"","Scope and Contents Writes to explain he expects corn prices to rise; discusses severe weather of past week; relates other business.","Scope and Contents Reports death of Va. Thompson; reports illness of cousin Garland Thompson; requests for body of child to be interred by grave of the Mitchell's child; reports also illness of George Mitchell at Hampden-Sydney.","Scope and Contents Has wanted to write until corn was beaten and wheat cleaned and measured; reports had waited to get the cotton machines in Richmond because of illness of overseer and son but went recently; didn't receive it as appearance too small; other family news, business and reference to health of the \"Black People.\"","Scope and Contents Sends tombstones for Aunt Isabella Jerdone Mitchell and for his Garland Thompson daughter; includes 7 instructions of how stones should be placed.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not following Jerdone's wishes with the hogs; discusses progress in sale of crops; requests a few more horses to tend the crops better; refers to improvements in farm system; reports on illness in the area.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and prices; hopes to begin fishing soon; refers to fondness of \"the Black People\" to run away and reports some instances; gives count of livestock and tells of loss of mule; reports work done on land and repair of fences; discusses health in area.","Reports on weather and development of crops; refers to health of \"the People\" enslaved persons as in \"better health.\"","Scope and Contents Reports death of George Braikenridge and his Francis Jerdone youngest son, James; refers to weather and other business concerns. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to his nephew, George Weare Braikenridge 1827, concerning account of entire Jerdone family and their doings. Including letter from Francis Jerdone to Garland Thompson 18 September 1827, concerning bond of mortgage held by his Garland Thompson father that he Francis Jerdone would like to settle.","Discusses crops and the effects of the past weather on them; discusses clearing of land for future corn crops; refers to illness of enslaved persons, the people suffer much for want of blankets, in severe instances we have been compelled to furnish them ourselves when sick or they would have suffered very much; reports illness of Mrs. Watkins.","Scope and Contents Discusses improvements done on the estate, especially on the field called \"hell swamp\"; reports on planting, amount of crops and sales; refers to possibility of a Dr. Morris summoning Mr. Jerdone as to why there is no public road through his tract of land.","Scope and Contents Refers to amount lost during drought the previous year; hopes to make estate more profitable through his management; reports on improvements of estate; discusses sale of crops and prices; discusses weather and water supply; discusses health of the Black People.","Scope and Contents Writes of father's George Braikenridge death on January 6, 1827; writes of his father's life; reports on family news; discusses health and business.","Scope and Contents Complains of bad quality of corn; requests he take back the remaining 200 bushels.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; discusses changes in town buildings; gives town news; asks for news of the family in Va.; discusses weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses wheat crop and estimates grain expected; gives report of progress of crops; describes goods sent; refers to health of \"the Black People.\"","Describes work done in the fields and improvements of the estate; discusses planting of crops and weather; refers to the neighbors' crops; discusses health of enslaved persons.","Has sent two barrels of fish; reports on quality of the crops; discusses weather; reports illness among enslavesd persons gives family news.","Expresses pleasure in prospect of Jerdone visiting; refers to progress of crops and weather; reports on rumors of uprising of enslaved persons; refers to many in jail in Norfolk, Gloucester, and Williamsburg; hopes to visit Jerdone in August; discusses health.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and planting; refers to letter from John Lewis; refers to interests in digging gold; doubts the opinions on finding gold.","Scope and Contents Refers to painful boils; reports forced to wait to slaughter hogs because of weather; reports roads poor for visit; refers to crops and harvesting.","Reports on progress of wheel repairing; reports accident of Barbara had which cut her left eye; refers to misconduct of Minny, an enslaved woman.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and killing hogs; reports sent hogs for Stubbs allowance; refers to bother by people fox hunting.","Refers to injury of Barbara's eye; refers to poor business lately; hopes to visit soon; refers to an escaped enslaved person.","Reports on health of enslaved persons and family; refers to weather in terms of crops; reports marriage of two enslaved persons if no objections come from the rest of the family.","Scope and Contents Reports sending cornmeal and hominy; reports filling ice house; refers to health and bad weather; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports progress on carriage body; reports new mill shaft ready to be put in; refers to bad weather and delay in ploughing .","Scope and Contents Reports new mill shaft in and working; reports good weather and condition of crops; asks for $100 for clothes and a \"phial of ink\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports ploughing going well and wheat has mended from frost; returns knife; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to grinding of wheat and corn; apologizes that wheat isn't done but explains it would have required stopping work on dam; refers to water rising; reports that dam work is first priority and cotton will be ginned when dam is finished; hopes weather will continue to be good as he has not begun planting.","Scope and Contents Offers to fix wheelbarrow; refers to not going to courthousefollowing day; reports a F lock of swans which flew over his house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to death of Aunt Elizabeth Jerdone Macaulay; refers to plowing and progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Acknowledges receipt of goods; reports sowing plant patches of vegetables and tobacco; discusses weather and crops.","Scope and Contents Discusses letter sent to John Jerdone; reports crops and progress in ploughing; refers to illness of the Black People.","Scope and Contents Reports fine weather and progress of crops; reports repaired wheelbarrow; refers to mill running well with new shaft; requests cloves and seeds for radishes and lettuce.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather; reports on sending wheelbarrow as well as other things; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done to property; refers to \"syd\" who has been wandering between plantations; reports crops p1anted; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports return of Syd to the plantation; refers to his not whipping him; reports of sowing conditions for the oats; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports working on the road; is not in favor of removing Watkins; reports high waters in the river; refers to sowing oats; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports weather conditions and effects on crops: refers to preacher's visit for dinner as well as Jno. Bronaugh; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on plowing and planting progress; requests $100; inquires after his brother Frank; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports damage done to the dam; reports recommencement of both grinding and sowing; refers to the return of the \"gold-hunters\" but hasn't heard their success rate.","Scope and Contents Discusses wife's illness for which he brought her to Williamsburg to see Dr. Gault Galt; refers to illness of the \"Black People\"; discusses crops and prices; 2 refers to fishing.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather; refers to lagging tobacco prices; refers to attraction of gold mines; other family news.","Discusses wife's poor health and Dr. Gault's gait; low opinion of her recovery; discusses enslaved person illness as well; reports on progress of crops and weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses wife's health and plans to take her \"up the country\"; discusses harvesting, crops, and business; refers to anticipated visit.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness of Mrs. Watkins; reports on weather and crops; expresses father's opinion on travel; refers to delivery of crops and preparations; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; refers to rain and rise of water; reports this not sufficient to start grinding; reports on condition of carriage and lists some repairs needed.","Discusses health of himself and enslaved persons; reports wife's death and when funeral will be preached; discusses crops and expected prices; suggests waiting to sell corn until following year to get better price.","Scope and Contents Refers to rising of river and damage done; other family news.","Scope and Contents Has gotten roads passable again; late frost has done no injury to dam; grinding and sawing again; gold hunters.","Scope and Contents Refers to ill health; reports on weather and crop development.","Scope and Contents Thanks father for the veal; reports runaway has returned and received a \"remembrance for his past conduct\"; reports wet weather preventing ploughing the low ground.","Scope and Contents Discusses unfavorable wet weather for ploughing the low lands; discusses crops and suggests waiting to sell corn until following year; advises to sell wheat as soon as possible; refers to tolerable health of the servants but fears a sickly fall.","Scope and Contents Discusses going ashore of boat shipping goods and damage of goods; thankful not to have lost all goods; refers to change in weather.","Scope and Contents Reports on sale of wheat by brother William; refers to enclosure of William's letter.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of turkeys and lead; refers to brothers Frank and William's sale of wheat; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; refers to William's letter; other family news.","Scope and Contents Has sent bags of feathers and jug for vinegar; reports water has done no damage to the mill except some swelling of the machinery; refers to visit of next day.","Scope and Contents Reports safe receipt of goods and servants; promises to send servants back to assist with hogs; reports plan to go to Louisa Court following day.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; requests to know when servants are needed for hogs; reports has slaughtered his hogs and were tolerably well.","Scope and Contents Refers to visit with family at Mrs. Smith's; expresses disappointment that brothers Frank and William had not returned; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; reports marriage of son of Captain John Graves; refers to prolonged absence of brothers Williamand Frank; refers to Dr. Macaulay's gold fever; other family news.","Scope and Contents Glad to hear brothers Frank and William are home; reports John Bronaugh has left for Abbingdon Abington, Va.? through Richmond to engage in the mercantile line; reports has stopped grinding because of rain.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of oats; refers to weather and roads preventing travel; refers to wheels repaired and ready to be sent; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on \"real winter weather\"; refers to heavy snowfall.","Scope and Contents Reports on bad weather and health of family; refers to filling ice house; other family news.","Discusses repairs needed at houses; suggests purchasing two enslaved persons to work as carpenters; refers to snow and possibility of injuring crops; describes need for thrashing machine and grinding rocks among others; other family news.","Discusses weather; refers to sale of an enslaved person, named Syd; reports his behavior was unmanageable and he was a poor example to the others; describes conditions of sale; refers to goods sent.","Refers to illness of wife Barbara; expects arrival of George Garrett and Jesse Stubbs after the sale of an enslaved person.","Reports wife Barbara is better; reports on attempt to sell an enslaved person; refers to need of character letter needed for the sale; intends to sell the enslaved person for $500; discusses weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses continued snow; refers to departure of Jesse Stubbs to \"dispose of Syd\"; plans on having cart fixed.","Scope and Contents Discusses health and weather; refers to dining with brother Frank; awaits return of Jesse Stubbs.","Discusses health; reports sale of Syd for $450; surprised at difficulty in selling an enslaved person; refers to purchase by J. Lewis of 280 acres of land in the suburbs of Cincinnati; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to gifts sent and health of family; refers to conditions of sale of Syd; refers to meal, corn and hominy sent down; reports on poor weather.","Scope and Contents Discusses health; refers to repaired cart wheels; reports river is high from rain and thaw; relates that Syd has been hired out by Mr. Boxley for iron works; plans to plant chestnuts.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to visit to Mrs. Smith; refers to hopes to begin ploughing .","Scope and Contents Discusses attempt to find carpenter to repair houses; suggests patching houses to protect harvest; hopes oysters pleased Jerdone's father; reports have begun ploughing; believes crops look good in relation to amount of bad weather.","Scope and Contents Reports rise of river and damage done to dam and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses in length the repairs needed on dam and the attempts to repair it; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has repaired dam but doubts it will last long; requests plot made of land by Gabriel Long to see where one of the corners of the back line of property is.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of goods; reports on weather and commencement of plowing; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cotton crop; reports has set out all the trees and would like some more; discusses health of family especially Hannah; discusses progress of crops and news on the dam; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to repairing road; discusses moving \"Abb\" from the mill to cook and spin; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has sent down the cart to receive goods requested; refers to health of family.","Scope and Contents Reports of wife Barbara's health; refers to river rising and damage done; discusses weather and other family news.","Refers to his illness and the treatments he's undergone; refers to difficulty in getting carpenters to repair houses; recommends buying a threshing machine; refers to health of enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family; expresses desire for a visit; refers to peach and cherry blossoms; reports on obtaining a \"marten-pole\" for purple martin house and describes it.","Scope and Contents Refers to wife Barbara's health; reports on weather and crops; refers to timber to be sent to Francis Jerdone; refers to martinhouse raised; reports on river and crops.","Reports on progress in whitewashing; refers to planting of crops; discusses enslaved persons which have been 'lent' to Francis Jerdone and advises he keep them longer; refers to hands hired to work in garden; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports getting goods requested except the pantaloons; reports business is dull.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for spoiled fish; refers to crops; reports rise in river; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to a meeting attended at the Good Hope Meeting House; refers to weather; reports dwindling corn supply.","Scope and Contents Refers to cold spell of weather; reports corn difficult to get; suggests buying it in Fredericksburg which may be cheaper; discusses accounts.","Scope and Contents Promises to work on getting corn; further discussion of improvements on farm.","Scope and Contents Reports has received corn from Fredericksburg; will wait until this is gone before another shipment, expects prices to be lower.","Scope and Contents Reports can spare 16 posts if needed; refers to want of rain; reports has sent corn down; reports frost and cold spring; relates intention of having a regular account of quantity of corn ground kept by Stubbs.","Refers to dry weather; reports low river having effect on grinding; refers to reports of assemblies of Black persons in the woods.","Refers to health of family; refers to health of the enslaved persons; discusses work and repairs needed on farm.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and crops; relates news from brother John; lists goods to buy; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses injury of crops by rain and \"fly\"; refers to damage to the mills by the rain; reports damage to other mills in area and bridges.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in advertisement for overseer.","Scope and Contents Refers to health and illness of the Garland Thompson family; reports has changed his mind and will marry Eliza immediately rather than wait a year.","Scope and Contents Relates stay in Richmond after wedding; explains lateness of hogs because of bad roads and weather; discusses business of crops; refers to a Doctor he would like to avoid traveling with when he comes to visit; refers to weather and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses cold weather and health of the family; refers to the visit of Doctor Bohannon ?, friend of Frank's; expresses gratitude for the oysters; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire to court her; signed \"amor vincit omnion .\"","Scope and Contents Discusses the establishment of the Episcopal Church; refers to rivalry between Episcopalian and Methodist factions in town; refers to rumours of cholera spreading toward them; refers to engagement to his sister Sarah Jerdone.","Letter of recommendation for Mr. Robert Myrrick; employs such things as farming ability, handling of Black persons and his deserving \"liberal wages.\"","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Phillip Brooks as overseer. Letter from Jourdon Woolfolk, September 17, 1832. Recommending Phillip Brooks for employmentElliott Dejarnette, Spotsylvania County, 18 September 1832, recommending Phillip Brooks as overseer.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of overseer for one of the two Jerdone plantations.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. Toombs as manager of a plantation.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Henry Randolph as manager of an estate. Including letter from John B. Clopton, 24 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as a manager. Also including letter from John Winship ?, 25 September 1832, recommending Henry Randolph as manager.","Scope and Contents Letter of recommendation for Mr. John Toombs and Mr. Turner Chapman.","Scope and Contents Requests to see estate and business before accepting position of manager.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of estate.","Scope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr. and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia. Recommends Mr. Henry Randolph as manager of Jerdones' estate.","Scope and Contents Francis Jerdone, Jr.and William Jerdone, Pottiesville, Louisa County, Virginia Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate providing there are \"liberal wages.\"","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in position of manager of the estate; gives some places of previous employment.","Scope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; gives long list of references for recommendations.","Scope and Contents Inquires about position of manager of the estate; explains he is not employed now, gives references.","Scope and Contents Receipt of five dollars for blacksmith work done; relays that ten cent change will be returned.","Scope and Contents Discusses his health and that of the family; reports he has sent a gun and four mattresses; refers to several letters from other siblings; makes reference to his seeing \"the second white person\" since William left; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; reports deaths of Mr. or Mrs. Tyler and B. Spicer; relays illness of John Coleman; refers to river being high; discusses business and crops; other family news.","Reports on trip of William and Sarah and their spouses to Washington, Baltimore and Philadelphia; reports on weather and crops; complains bitterly about overseers in general; discusses quality of servants and enslaved persons, hiring of enslaved persons; lists birds seen; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to trip to Richmond of friends when stage broke down; refers to sentencing of murderer; reports on crops; refers to health of business; refers to businessmen starting their businesses again after being in arrears, including \"Levy the Jew\"; refers to \"Negroes selling at a good price\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to brother William's trip to New Kent; reports on crops and planting; other family news.","William Jerdone, Richmond, Virginia. Discusses health; requests that William retain the withdrawal from the bank until a safe time to send it; requests a pair of slippers, a pair of shoes, since he is \"almost crippled with wearing\" those made (?) by Minny, an enslaved person\" and other articles; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and rainfall; discusses crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses destruction of crops by flood; explains brother's losses and repair work that must be done on the mill; discusses his own crops and business; needs new lock for smokehouse - \"some of them have a false key to the door by which they can get in at their pleasure\"; other family news.","Refers to health and loss of crops in floods; reports that Clayton will move enslaved persons from Smithfield because of an outbreak of cholera; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of his family and that of the \"Black People\"; discusses business: crops, prices, and weather.","Discusses health of enslaved persons and livestock; refers to status of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses agreement in proposition to pay $50 for Joe for the next year.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Lists goods needed that he forgot to Include in his letter.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for his loss; encourages him to come visit with his daughter.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy and consolation to Jerdone in the loss of his wife; describes his own wife's illness; refers to death of his daughter, Margaret; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses damage done by rain; refers to planting and crops; reports also some business; discusses fishing and other family news.","Discusses health of family; relates violent incident between an enslaved father and his son; refers to company he has hosted; discusses planting Irish potatoes in the garden; other family news.","Discusses family health; reports status of all crops: wheat, corn, and oats; proposes buying a machine for the grain; reports no horses to spare; reports on livestock and enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Reports difficulty in finding a machine to rent to bring in wheat crop; refers to vessel sent by William Scott which will be loaded the following day.","Scope and Contents Reports on plans to lend servant to Mr. Walton and explains Mr. Walton's son will take him.","Scope and Contents Describes damage done to crops by rain; reports poor quality of crops; discusses some prices for corn.","Scope and Contents Discusses heavy rains and violent weather and damage incurred; discusses difficulty In grinding grain; lists mills damaged; reports poor quality of crops; other business.","Scope and Contents","Describes his daughter; refers to her distress and the sale of her horse and and of an enslaved person; begs Jerdone to buy Philis, her favorite servant, which John N. Moss would then hire back; gives list of the enslaved woman's good qualities; other family news.","Scope and Contents Feels bill of sale for property need not be recorded at Court House since sold to Jerdone; will arrange bill of sale with Clayton Coleman when he arrives.","Scope and Contents Refers to recent sale of property to him William Jerdone and final settlements; sends Phillis over to avoid her being taken by sheriff.","Scope and Contents Proposes means for Mr. John Moss to pay off his debts.","Discusses crops and prices; relates recapture of enslaved person and resistance by one; refers to poor condition of mill and attempts at restoration; refers to sale of horses; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires about matter of \"brother John's man Dabney\" and whether the deed of trust on him is good.","Scope and Contents Informs of the death of his father, Charles Thompson; requests Jerdone to make arrangements; requests presence of Mr. Bower to read service and John Smith and family.","Scope and Contents Requests copy of household property given to Mr. Winston.","Reports settlement on Moss affair; reports enslaved persons will be sold as soon as possible, which is 28th of May.","Scope and Contents Reports health of Maria Clayton; expresses sympathy for Jerdone's tooth \"affliction\"; reports brother John's visit; refers to Jerdone's daughter.","Scope and Contents Refers to advertisement for sale of Moss property.","Feels should sell enslaved persons for cash; expresses sorrow for Mrs. Moss' situation and hopes to visit next Tuesday.","Scope and Contents Reports amount of sale; relates story of his excitement on that day over a man's accusation that he was dishonest; other family news.","Scope and Contents Offers horse if needed; refers to his bad cold; refers to meeting at Court House.","Reports \"carry-all\" has arrived to bring enslaved persons to court; asks if they should leave that day or wait until the next morning.","Suggests that William and John Jerdone might buy Dabney, and enslaved person, from him.","Scope and Contents Reports no need to buy articles for him as he cannot use them.","Scope and Contents Asks him and Mr. Coleman whether they will purchase goods which are listed.","Discusses auction of persons enslaved by Moss and his purchase of one named Dabney; refers to clearing of accounts by Coleman and Thompson; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses attempt to sell Dabney; discusses his health; refers to crops and weather; refers to other business.","Scope and Contents Sends two shoats little weaned pigs; reports visit by sheriff; refers to health.","Scope and Contents Discusses family health; worries that their health is not improving; asks for any left over tomatoes; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports daughter Maria has recovered from her illness; glad to hear of Clayton's safe arrival; other family news.","Scope and Contents Recommends two men for the position of manager of the forge; lists good qualities; also includes fault of one as being \"too easy with the Negroes\"; both have small families.","Scope and Contents Reports loss of his wife; expects to leave position within the year; refers to splitting of estate between William and Francis Jerdone; other business.","Scope and Contents Explains his reasons for having advertised for a manager on his brother's behalf.","Scope and Contents Explains that he can't move West at a later time; proposes he stay on until following crop; family will be smaller; discusses wages.","Refers to completion of list of stock and enslaved persons for the forge and estate in Charles City; refers to move West; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Notifies that bond for Joe's hire has been sent though \"it is not customary for me to send funds by Negroes\"; requests notice of receipt.","Scope and Contents Writes that he's in solitary confinement and begs Jerdone to come and see him; requests his wife come, too.","Scope and Contents Reports went to courthouse in reference to sundry cases and the situation of bail; discusses details of legal matters.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep affection for William Jerdone; refers to the slanderous remarks about her treatment of her niece which she hopes will be recognized as false.","Scope and Contents Refers to process of acknowledgement of property by new owners; reports on crops and prices; refers to travels by Clayton Coleman; refers to plans of various individuals to move to Alabama and Arkansas; refers to accident of Tom Mitchell's brother, William; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to efforts to construct a smokehouse and details of construction; refers to how long he will stay; discusses crops, prices, and business.","Scope and Contents Expresses disappointment in not having seen William on his trip; encourages him to write while he's away; refers to business.","Scope and Contents Not surprised at disappointment over sawyers and carpenters; refers to disagreement between William and brother Frank over division of estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Refers to construction work Jerdone plans on having done; expresses great interest in taking on job.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family, weather and crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather; relates story of death of \"Dick Luck\"; refers to severe cold; discusses business and work done on the estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses disagreement in building a log house; feels It is not worth his time; relates details of contract.","Scope and Contents Reports weather and crops; expresses approval on course of action against W. Shell; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains his delay because of the weather; promises to arrive as soon as possible.","Scope and Contents Relates death of his father, Charles Thompson; sends overseer and two hands to dig grave; asks to have location of mother's grave pointed out so father can be buried next to it.","Scope and Contents Discusses plans for approval of estates including appraiser's names, charge and suggestions; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to John Jerdone's appraisal of his estate; discusses livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates death of grandson; refers to John's appraisal; gives advice on livestock and crops; other family news.","Discusses the progress of the appraisal; refers to the appraisal of the \"Hell Swamp\" to settle the debt of William Holt to Sarah Macon Jerdone and Francis Jerdone, Sr.; gives appraisal of enslaved persons; other family news.","Drawn up by Frederick Harris, C. Y. Kimbrough, and Charles Thompson, sent to Francis Jerdone senior.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for his disappointment and refers to plans for him to pick up his things any time.","Refers to discussion with father of dividing the estate; plans to move his share of enslaved persons from Forge; refers to weather and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, Improvements on estate, sales.","Reports on corn crop and attempts to sell it; refers to cotton; refers to well-being of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Thanks him for the watermelons; proposes going to Richmond together.","Discusses business: delivery of crops, prices, health of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: begin to make bricks, crops, prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs him of the health of Phillis .","Scope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, picking cotton, and delivering corn; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: making bricks, crops, livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses business: crops, sales; other family news.","Scope and Contents Agrees to price for 8 servant's hire for coming year.","Discusses damages of an enslaved person; refers to brother's new daughter; refers to health; discusses crops; other family news.","Refers to high price of hogs; relates idea of buying offal such as heads and chine of hogs and feeding enslaved persons with it; refers to railroads; reports birth of a daughter; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to John's purchase of hogs; refers to John's filling his ice house; lists goods desired from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to pork he bought; reports illness of family prevents him from visiting; other family news.","Scope and Contents Thanks for the oysters; refers to health of family; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Describes health; refers to crop prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses family's health; refers to weather; refers to bond of Charles Thompson; other family news.","Discusses family health; refers to weather; reports operation of railroad and its route; discusses reasons for high price for enslaved persons; refers to smallpox outbreak; other family news.","Refers to Maria's accident and death of enslaved persons; reports on crops; other family news.","Reports on death and illness of enslaved persons; refers to health of family; reports on crops and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports death of sister Mary Jerdone Toler and funeral arrangements.","Refers to William's loss of enslaved persons; reports death of aunt Mary Jerdone Pottie Toler and arrangements for burial; discusses weather; reports on crops and animals; other family news.","Refers to John's gift to his brothers of two homesick enslaved persons; reports on weather and slow progress of fruit; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"Hilpik\"s Helpit? death; discusses weather and crops; other family news.","Relates condition of crops; has been cutting grain; refers to death of a mule; refers to health of enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents Refers to brother Frank's poor health; reports began cutting oats; other family news.","Informs him William Jerdone that he intends to quit; outlines terms for his leaving; reports on health of enslaved persons and condition of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of Maria Jerdone; refers to Maria Coleman's affliction of worms; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses sale of corn and other business; refers to daughter Maria's health; other business news.","Scope and Contents Introduces himself and applies to become manager of estate.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; reports on crops and shortage of hands to son; refers to sale of his possessions; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of family; speaks of crops and business; requests certain goods from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Explains how debt owed to him and Sarah Macon Jerdone by William Holtwas was settled; refers to weather; requests goods from Richmond; birds; doubts insurrection of enslaved persons, but public must be on its guard; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses interest in hiring a blacksmith from Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Requests him to do various errands for him while in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Refers to arrangements while he William is in Richmond and errands to do; discusses game birds, passenger pigeons and crops.","Remarks on weather and crops; reports on John Jerdone's family; reports on illness of an enslaved person and describes her treatment; refers to difficulties between U.S. and Canada and fears war; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on wife's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health.","Scope and Contents Expresses gladness that sister's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is better; explains won't be possible to visit at father's house but hopes to see him soon; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to recent railroad accident; relates story of Sandy Whitton who stole an enslaved person and tried to sell him; refers to crops and other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather; expresses disappointment that daughter's Sarah Jerdone Coleman health is seriously endangered again; reports large number of pigeons; other family news.","Scope and Contents William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia . Discusses weather and family health; discusses business and crops.","Scope and Contents Refers to his health and health of family; refers to weather, crops and birds; reports a recent field fire; relates story of dead cat stuck under floorboards of new addition to the house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Takes opportunity of messenger to send a note.","Scope and Contents Refers to family's health; reports on weather and progress of crops; gets along better without any overseer; requests bale of cotton; other family news.","Refers to family health; reports on weather and progress of crops; acknowledges receipt of bale of cotton; account of the murder of Mr. Thornley, a man in the neighborhood, by one of his enslaved persons; requests errands done for him in Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction that his previous letter was not received and the brown paint he requested turned out to be black upon receipt; refers to weather and strawberries and other garden crops; refers to family health and other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses regret to hear Sarah Jerdone Coleman has relapsed with disease; requests goods from Richmond; requests frequent accounts of Sarah Coleman's health.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and crops; \"I thought at one time all the hoe hands would give out but 6, they appeared to stand very well, those that had flagged I told them to moderate their gate (gait), and in the Heat of day I tell all the Hands to go to the House, give them some whiskey to drink and tell them to refresh themselves for 2 or 3 hours at a time, and give them as much meat as they could eat during the warm weather.. .\"; refers to James Brown coming to look at the Lighter; \"the Old Doctress woman brought Patients home... and said her foot is entirely well, but is very tender... the old woman wanted the $25 very bad, said if she went home without the money her mistress would go crazy - she says if her foot brakes out any more she will coure (cure) it for nothing... she wants to undertake Elva...\"","Scope and Contents Reports couldn't get new \"Iron shaff shaft and chain\" for the machine so fixed old ones; reports on harvest.","Scope and Contents Reports on Jerdone's daughter Maria's health; tells how she can spell words of two syllables; refers to rain which has delayed seeding; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on quality and size of the crops; refers to health and colds and how only three of seven of Mitchell's children turned out well; gives list of goods needed from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and health; refers to fire at Eagle Tavern and the aid of the snow to prevent further damage; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports has received word that the deed has been prepared; plans on coming the 26th to record it.","Scope and Contents Remarks on granddaughter Maria, her health, and letter writing; reports health of son John and family and Billy and illness of old Abram who is 83 and is three months and ten days older then Jerdone; other family news.","Relates story of mistreated, dissatisfied enslaved person, Grandison, who had come for help; claimed mistreatment by ? Weir.","Refers to son Frank's trip to Norfolk by steamboat and back by train; gives listing of enslaved persons' health; Abram has died, Minny is next oldest; Grandison; discusses crops and livestock; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on inquiry into Weir's character; reports he managed matter and has hired Grandison out as blacksmith until William comes.","Scope and Contents Refers to visit by Doctor Garland for \"Miss Jane\"; reports Grandison will continue working until William can see his work; other family news.","Reports on the fowl which have begun to hatch; tells of all the fruits and vegetables which are sprouting in the garden; reports on John Jerdone'sfamily and on William's daughter Maria; two enslaved persons robbed plant patch of tobacco; neighbor and overseer came over and argued with enslaved persons for over an hour; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses whether to send \"the Bull\" down to the ironworks and enter into any sort of bargain; reports receipt of goods; reports on progress of crops; refers to destruction of wheat by \"the Fly\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses anticipation of forthcoming visit; reports on health of daughter Maria; expresses gratitude for Jerdone's help; other family news. Including Autograph Note Signed from Maria C. Jerdone to her father, William Jerdone, New Kent Court House, Virginia, concerning her health, reminder of messages from \"Aunt Sinthy,\" and her desire to see her father.","Scope and Contents Expresses gladness at safe return home; reports an improving health of son John, who is recovering from the dysentery; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports the health of the family and describes the illness that afflicts them; reports illness in town which has resulted in closing the school; refers to the failing health of their father Francis Jerdone, Sr.","Scope and Contents Expresses disappointment in failure to sell corn crop; reports on health of family and hands; reports on chores he intends to complete; refers to receipt of \"Lighter\" boat and putting it up; other family news.","Scope and Contents Note of purchase of $1136.85 for corn.","Scope and Contents Reports has sold wheat for $120 per busheland gives terms of sale; reports this is the highest sale of \"red wheat\" for some time; reports also sale of corn at 62 1/2 cents; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports damage done to mill by severe weather; reports on crops and harvest; expresses sorrow for William's loss of crops and damage done to farm; refers to killing owls; comments on \"lawless people\" called fox hunters; and other idle people who have overkilled the partridges and wild turkeys; refers to absence of these birds; other family news. Letter contains a copy of Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone concerning health of Jerdone's daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports on cold weather; refers to progress of harvesting and processing crops; requests errands to be done when William is in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Discusses weather and the getting of ice for the \"Pitt\" ; reports on the crops and how much they harvested; taming of owls; refers information on William's daughter, Maria, to John Coleman as he has not seen her; other family news.","iRefers to Illness among the enslaved persons; refers to injury of \"Joe, the smith's\" hand; reports seeing three [?Martins] and comments on the lateness for this; refers to United States-Great Britian conflict over Northeast boundary; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains delay because of receipt of white pine lumber; describes different ways of setting up an account with their company. Also Includes receipt for $18.75 from William Jerdone to Webb, Booker, and Hamilton, Richmond; June 20, 1840.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow to hear father Francis Jerdone, Sr. has become weaker; promises to spend more time with him; explains why he hasn't in the past as the inconvenience it causes him father; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates having gone to see the train pass; reports on crops and fowl; gives list of goods desired; refers to business of land; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes latest developments on plantation; reports weather and damage done to crops; refers to his recent illness; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops, livestock, weather and business; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses intent to settle the account with William Coleman, MAG Coleman and John G. B. Coleman; proposes several times and days to meet to settle.","Scope and Contents Discusses family health and crops; lists goods needed from Richmond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses concern over overseers' health; fears he may have to seed wheat; hopes Mr. Coleman's delay is not \"occasioned by any sickness\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on wheat sowing; hopes to finish by mid-November; expresses wife Barbara's desire to go to Richmond with William; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to sickness In area; refers to weather and crops; refers to voting In election for Harrison; other family news.","Reports on illness of a Black boy boy; expresses disappointment of not seeing William before the snow and regrets his inability to visit; discusses crops and hogs; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports death of his riding horse and asks to borrow one; requests he pay account for him on his trip; reports on size of corn crop; other family news.","Reports on weather; refers to brother John's farm and crops, also the inefficiency of his overseer; requests bacon for both the white family and some for the enslaved; other family news. Includes note from Mary B. Moss to William Jerdone January 3, 1841 concerning health of his daughter Maria Coleman Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to family health; reports story of man being swept downriver; refers to \"earthquake\" which he believes was a meteor; refers to crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports wheat has been delivered; gives weight and price.","Scope and Contents Relates health of family; discusses receipt of payment from bond with John Holladay; refers to bond with Mr. Ward; discusses other business; other family news.","Scope and Contents Requests William to purchase The History of the War of American Independence,Translated from the Italian by James Otis while in Richmond.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of the \"hands\"; gives day by day account of planting progress and upkeep of farm from the 10th to the 20th; refers to illness of \"the old man\" Francis Jerdone, Sr.].","Scope and Contents Expresses grief at news of father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] illness; explains he can't come visit because of an injured ankle; expresses hope God will spare his father until he can visit; laments misfortune at not being at his father's side during his illness.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of the servants; gives report on weather and crops; reports on livestock and upkeep of farm; gives prices and amount of crops harvested; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to letter sent to Mr. Anderson of Williamsburg relating death of father Francis Jerdone Sr.]; refers to items of the estate which he had borrowed; other family news.","Scope and Contents Informs Jerdone that he has a farm he is willing to sell if Jerdone is interested.","Scope and Contents Discusses crops and weather; gives day by day schedule of planting, seeding, and weather; gives expectation of size of crops; also prices for crops sold; other family news.","Scope and Contents Inquires after health of Maria Jerdone]and William; sends articles for Maria; inquires time brother Clayton Coleman]will arrive; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports that brother-in-law] Frank Jerdone]has advised his wife not to sign over the deed to Coleman; angry as this was in place of his part of the estate; explains his feelings.","Scope and Contents Extends thanks for the cherries; speaks of the family's health; hopes for a visit from William] soon; corrects him that Louisa Court day is not for another week; other family news.","Scope and Contents Advises on the health of Maria Jerdone]during her recovery; advises cold shower baths through November; extends thanks for the cherries.","Scope and Contents Expresses pleasure that Maria's fever has left and believes there is no inflammation of lungs; sends crackers for Maria; reports intention to visit.","Scope and Contents 2 pages Autograph Letter Signed. Reports Maria's Jerdone]health has improved but cannot begin baths because of the cold wet weather; refers to stomach and bowel disorders with the servants; reports on crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for letter and candy; requests a visit to see Maria.","Scope and Contents Reports his illness and the effect it had on his getting this done; refers to progress of crops; refers to illness of servants; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sending of payment for corn to agent in Richmond; gives introduction of Jerdone to pick up payment; suggests he obtain a \"regular\" introduction as precaution against this letter being obtained by an imposter.","Scope and Contents Reports of the sickness of the family; reports on health of Maria Jerdone]; refers to amount of wheat he has sowed; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates weather and his trip to Fredericksburg; reports prices for wheat and bacon there; refers to family's improved health; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes affliction of whooping cough of Maria, Leonora and Willie O.; refers to a fighting incident at Mrs. Nelson Moss; reports on crops and weather; other family news.","Describes children's affliction of whooping cough; refers to hiring of enslaved persons; Grandison not willing to go over the mountains again; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to writ tax which is due; refers to bonds given to Heterick for Miller; requests six dollars sent to him as uncertain when they will see each other again.","Reports on health of the \"people\" enslaved persons; expects to finish ditches this week; has hung up meat; other business news.","Scope and Contents Gives report of progress on the farm; reports on health of servants; refers to completion of the ditches; refers to ploughing and hauling manure; other family news.","Discusses health of family; 5 Black children died of whooping cough; refers to weather; reports on packing and moving Francis Jerdone's things from the \"old house;\" other family news. Also includes document of letter to Mr. Adams from Francis Jerdone, May ?], describing health of the family, discussing weather, requesting Adams to give funeral service over enslaved persons, other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to notice of sale of \"Mount Sterling\"; inquiries of the quality of the timber and terms of sale.","Scope and Contents Reports on unloading ship; includes statement of sales; reports on health and other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on business transactions for sale of wheat; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire for him to visit; refers to Willie O. who is anxious to go hunting again; refers to nice weather and playing outdoors. Including letter from John Jerdone, Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County, Virginia], 3 March 1842 concerning weather, preparations for crops and family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses sorrow for his \"sunpain\"; refers to box of toys received from Mr. Levy of Fredericksburg; expresses desire for him to visit; other family news. Including John Jerdone, Spottsylvania County, Virginia]to William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling,\" Charles City County], Virginia, 10 March 1842 concerning health of family and servants, farm business and family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on burning land to clear it for planting; reports on condition of land; refers crops and weather; reports on children's health; refers to several fires in the area; reports on settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep feelings for family members; gives account for business for month of March; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for assistance; requests flour, fish, and candles; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on family health and crops; requests lock and hinges for box he is making; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on progress of business; Samuel?] Putney will go into shoe business; gives account for past month; refers to health of family and other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses health of family and progress of crops; refers to errands done for him in Richmond and work being done on the estate; considers purchasing a threshing machine Parker's]; other family news.","Scope and Contents Apologizes for not having written with Uncle John Jerdone's] letter; requests a long comb and a \"bose\" of eyes and hooks, also pink \"riband\" ; reports Willie O. got a new gun.","Scope and Contents Refers to sister's wish for copy of portrait of father; recommends Mr. James Westhall] Fordas a portrait painter; inquires if Francis Jerdone would like a copy of portrait of father; \"It will cost from forty to forty-five dollars which is upwards of an hundred dollars less then your brother paid Sully\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses her health; refers to Jerdone's headaches; recommends remedy for them which she outlines; reports recommendation for a farm for sale if still interested; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on weather and progress of crops; refers to erecting their father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] tomb; refers to poor state of the gravesite; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to health of Aunt Mary Jerdone Toler]; reports beginning of \"thrashing machine\"; requests either \"Smith's or Olneys geography and atlas\"; other family news. Includes letter Signed from Jno. Jerdone Spotsylvania County, Virginia] to his brother, William Jerdone, \"Mount Sterling\", Charles City County], Virginia, dated 20 August 1842. Reports on broken threshing] machine and describes how it's broken; refers to William Jerdone's loss of cattle; describes how to cure particular ailment of the cattle; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to ill-health of Mrs. Moss; reports on weather and progress of crops; reports on work being done on the estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports the death of Mary] Moss; explains delay of last letter; reports work done on estate including enclosure built around father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] gravesite; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports health of family; expresses concern in not having received a letter from him William] in three weeks; reports progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Letter Signed. Concerning sale of corn; bears account of William Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Refers to Willie O's new pigeon box and his bird hunting; refers to Dr. Garland's return from Missouri and lack of visits; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of family; refers to \"unworkmanlike Job\" done by Howard and refers to action taken against him; refers to routine plantation chores; reports on loss of horse and describes how it happened; mentions worthless overseer; requests William Jerdone to settle account disagreement with agent in Richmond; other family news.","Requests payment from him [William Jerdone] for bonnets repaired for Mary Moss; refers to death of Mary Moss and welfare of her children.","Reports on health and weather; reports on progress of fence; refers to attempts to get ice; refers to behavior of enslaved persons, insolence of Jimmy and its settlement by giving him a correction; other family news.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for things sent; refers to Willie O's pigeons; requests two pigeons when he comes to visit; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports family health; refers to oats crop; makes plans for trip to Gordonsville to meet each other; questions necessity of his role in settling father's Francis Jerdone, Sr.] estate; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports discovery of marl on south boundary of Jerdone land; requests permission to use the marl he has found and any he may find. Letter from Richard Tucker, New Kent County, Virginia]to William] Jerdone dated 27 April 1843 concerning developments and progress of crops.","Scope and Contents Offers to present bond against Charle]s Thompson at Hanover Cour]t House; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on Maria's health; refers to sale of tobacco; relates experiences in court including accounts of fines levied against him and denial of an appeal; reports damage done by locusts; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to cold weather and small crops; requests William Jerdone settle John Jerdone's account in Richmond; refers to Charles Thompson's bond; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on progress of crops; refers to return of runaway, attributing it to fear of discovery and having been shot at; reports William Walker's death; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to visits from various people; reports on Dr. Gardner's intended move to Missouri; refers to traveling salesman of mules and horses who came into town; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports lack of news from John Moss; refers to work on overseer's house; reports cat caught another pigeon; refers to Willie O. going to school; other family news.","Refers to Maria's health; reports on schedule of sowing and progress of crops; refers to decision not to sell mutton, but to use it for the enslaved; refers to fixing-up of overseer's house; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on corn crop; refers to suit pending against estate of Jno. Hart; refers to other debts owed him John Jerdone]; Grandison given note to look out for a situation for next year; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains who pays commission to sheriff when he collects a debt; reports death of John Moss.","Scope and Contents Reports buying of hogs; refers to trapping of partridges; other family news.","Reports on health of enslaved persons; refers to weather and plowing; refers to difficulty in getting cotton; other plantation news.","Scope and Contents Refers to illness at plantation; refers to plowing; reports on cloth woven; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on planting of crops; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports on work on fence; refers to making of clothes; reports on planting; other news.","Reports on planting; refers to fire on plantation; refers to enslaved persons who escaped captivity; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports progress of crops and sales; refers to timber cut; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports family health; refers to wife] Eliza's trip \"down the country\"; refers to weather and progress of crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on health of the family; has discharged ?] Reynolds overseer?]; advises to accept proposal; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Dr. Price's proposal; reports on health and crops; refers to dismissal of overseer and applicants for openings; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on crops; refers to payment from Dr. Price; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses possibility of instituting new suit against Price.","Scope and Contents Requests William Jerdone settle account for him in Richmond; requests he take care of other errands for him; refers to weather; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Reports having hired two men to Major Snead for $80 each.","Discusses paying debt with two enslaved persons.","Scope and Contents 2 pages. Letter. Reports delivering men to Mr. Hall in Richmond; reports on repairing fence; refers to livestock; other news.","enDeclines offer of enslaved persons to pay debt; requests interest in spring; explains reluctance to 'own' any more slaved persons; states that the number of persons he enslaves \"has increased so fast that in addition to what I hire out up in the county I am obliged to dispose of some in the same way from my Farm in Charle]s Cityas I have more than I can profitably employ there.\"","Scope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing; refers to livestock; reports filling ice house; other news.","Scope and Contents Possibly in another hand. Reports on ploughing and seeding; refers to slaughtering livestock and sale of meat; refers to sale of mule; reports progress of crops; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses gratitude for things sent her; intends to do her lessons every day; requests him to look for a school for her to attend; expresses great desire to go to school; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to trip from Richmond on train; reports weather and crop; refers to discovery of lice on horses; describes treatment for delousing; other family news.","Scope and Contents Praises Anna E. V. Burfitt as a good friend; discusses her difficulty in transition to Oswego; requests her Anna E. V. Burfitt] to visit; complains of Methodist preachers not being all the same; requests advice on books to read.","Scope and Contents Advise on male interests; reports on local gossip; discusses desire to move to Virginia as teacher.","Scope and Contents Reports on children and health of family; relates progress of crops; refers to court case against Hart, Collins; other family news.","Scope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Report on crops; refers to fish caught; other news.","Scope and Contents (Possibly not in his hand.) Reports on progress of crops and weather; refers to shearing sheep, hatching of turkeys and other references to livestock; refers to selection of school for Maria; other news.","Scope and Contents Reports can give bond \"with everything requisite to your safety\".","Scope and Contents Writes from school; expresses happiness and comfort; refers to sores almost healed; reports visit to St. James's Church and seeing organ; looks forward to his visit; refers to General Jackson's death; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Maria's entrance in school; refers to progress of crops and sale of tobacco; refers to \"railroad meeting\" and decision of a 3% dividend to be paid; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports sale of corn; states prices of wheat.","Refers to Maria at school; intention to sell \"a parcel of Negroes\" as he [John Jerdone] is \"entirely overstocked with them\"; reports on weather, crops and prices; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports visit by Mary and her parents; refers to case of scarlet fever; reports visit to \"caravan\" to see wild animals; other family news. Includes N by ?] Mead to William Jerdone, reporting case of fever is better; Maria is well and a good scholar.","Scope and Contents Request for payment of bill for bacon, etc. so he can pay his taxes.","Scope and Contents Reports filling of ice house; discusses crops and prices; has received letter from Chapman Johnson referring to judgment in his case against Allison and Watt; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy to Anna for an unknown occurrence; reports latest letter from Eliza Merrill and expresses sympathy for the loss of her brother; remarks on dearness of Anna as a friend; reports on her own brother, Dan.","Describes recent snowstorm and general weather; refers to a scarcity of food for [live]stock; death of Rosetta, an enslaved person; refers to crops and large number of crows; other family news.\n3 pages. Copy of Autograph Letter Signed.","Complains of a lack of anyone in his employment in the tanyard or shoe shop whom he can trust; refers to crops and prices; bad snowstorm; reports sale of enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents Relates school children's interest in her Anna Burfitt]; anticipates Mr. Coleman's visit; refers to other social incidents.","Scope and Contents Refers to Maria's case of measles; reports children Willie O. and Leonora are attending school; refers to Uncle Toby's school being full; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to \"happiness\" in \"mutually edifying\" correspondence; reports cats trick of climbing into pigeon house and killing pigeons; refers to new born livestock; other family news.","Reports on development of crops; saving of 100 sheep from drowning by hands swimming in and bringing them out one at a time; refers to group of men sentenced to the penitentiary for unspecified crimes; refers to jailing of 8 enslaved persons for \"insurrectionary proceedings\"; \"I have understood that it was a very extensive plot... many whites it is supposed concerned in the business...\"; other family news.","Scope and Contents Explains delay in answer of letter; consoles her Anna Burfitt] on loss of her sister; brother's account of Mexican War; relates other family feeling and social incidents.","Scope and Contents Reports attending church twice previous days; refers to expectation of frocks; reports attending one dancing lesson; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes the scene she is in as she writes letter; refers to Mr. Jerdone visiting her Anna Burfitt]; relates Plans to meet her in Richmond; other social news.","Scope and Contents Describes trip to Richmond and misfortune of losing her trunk; expresses disappointment in not visiting Louisa County; other social news.","Reports plans to visit soon; refers to health of family; reports C. G. Coleman's loss of two enslaved persons; other family news.","Scope and Contents 4 Autograph Letter. Incomplete. Remarks upon \"drudgery of teaching\"; advises Anna Burfitt on how to schedule her classes and gives her schedule; her failed attempts to make friends in the neighborhood; has therefore \"relapsed into the same cold calculating Yankee;\" reports on two new teachers; other social news.","Scope and Contents Incomplete. Speculates on recent notice of sale by Henry Birge and John Wainwright; discusses Mr. Jerdone's intentions; expresses concern over the difference in ages; refers to Mr. Boxley's affections for her Anna Burfitt]; other social news.","Scope and Contents Reports satisfaction with her new frocks; thanks him for the package; accepts hint to darn her stockings.","Scope and Contents Refers to weather and effect on crops; comments on Miss Burfitt as Maria's teacher; refers to hogs and prices for crops; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports painting of pigeon house; lists subjects she is studying; reports recent deaths; other family news.","Scope and Contents Describes her recent illness of typhus fever and resulting weakness; advises her Anna Burfitt] on courtship of Mr. Jerdone; other social news.","Scope and Contents Discusses buying price of his William Jerdone] corn.","Scope and Contents Settles buying price for his William Jerdone] corn.","Scope and Contents Refers to engagement of Capt. Fletcher; intends to ship plaster by first vessel.","Scope and Contents Reports measles cases; reports receipt of gifts and food sent; refers to Miss Burfitt; other family news; marriage of Lafayette Riordon to Mary Boxley.","Scope and Contents Reports arrival of vessel and loading of articles; reports no herrings available in New Kent.","Scope and Contents Requests good brandy for his sick father.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Refers to her recent depression; refers to Mr. Jerdone and speculates on future; reports on measles outbreak and children's reaction to possibility of contracting disease; refers to receipt of a manuscript copy of The Ravenby Edgar Allan Poe sent from Maine; other social news.","Scope and Contents Discusses Miss Burfitt's opinion on her new bonnet; refers to classes and instruction; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to his William Jerdone] new house; discusses things he'd like to do when he comes home from school; other family news.","Scope and Contents Discusses settlement for timber cut for William Jerdone by David Crump's men. Includes Autograph Note Signed marking receipt of payment.","Scope and Contents Refers to her illness; discusses plans to visit her Anna Burfitt]; refers to other social incidents.","Scope and Contents 4 pages. Autograph Letter. Describes his travels from Kentucky to New Orleans, towns and country he traveled through in Mississippi and some of the sights he saw.","Scope and Contents Reports health of family; refers to his William Jerdone] business and running plantation; describes visit to New Orleans and southern states; describes 'Mississippi River and great amount of activity and trade taking place; reports land prices for land along Mississippi; describes amount of crops could be grown on land he is looking into; refers to people he has met who are old acquaintances; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to her trip North for the summer; expresses disappointment that she Anna Burfitt Jerdone] won't be going; refers to travel plans and hopes to see her in Richmond; other family news. Also includes Autograph Note Signed from Louise ?] to Anna Burfitt] Jerdone, dated 25 July 1848] concerning Dr. B.'s illness and delay in trip.","Scope and Contents Refers to delinquency in letters; refers to her Anna Burfitt Jerdone] motherhood; reports on winter in the North; refers to sleigh-riding and snowball throwing; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses deep emotion for friendship with her Anna Burfitt Jerdone]; inquires after son, William; refers to offer of appointment in Shepherdstown, Virginia; other news.","Scope and Contents Expresses unhappiness at her new position; discusses plans to take other position with Mr. Winston; describes schoolroom and dormitory; other news.","Reports travel northward.","Reports on commencement activities; requests a letter soon; reports on old acquaintances from school; other news.","Inquires after borrowing $500 for an unspecified reason.","Reports bacon loaded on ship to Mr. J.; heard today we have orders to move to Mulberry Island tomorrow morning; will send more if they don't leave; sends $10 to wife; other references to the goods.","Reports goods sent; explains smaller supply of sugar because of scarcity of all goods.","Includes his instructions from William DuVal acting for Francis Jerdone (1756-1841).","Scope and Contents Describes movements of both Confederate and Union troops on and about his plantation after the Confederate retreat from Yorktown the year before; describes battles of Civil War nearby including battle, 30 June 1862], at his house and damage done; and use of his house in August 1862 as Union Army headquarters; other family news.","Scope and Contents Refers to goods ordered; reports efforts to settle accounts; refers to attempts to find someone ?] in prison.","Scope and Contents \"The first of April being an Era in our resolution we are making efforts to start fresh from that time;\" remit money owed; bears account, 1863-1864, of William Jerdone.","Scope and Contents Reports entering money into accounts; advises her to \"be cautious and collect up close and also to look close after your affairs.\"","Scope and Contents Blair having failed, he is pressed for money; requests she pay money owed. Includes invoice, 1861-1863, converted from Confederate funds to U.S. funds.","Scope and Contents Explains no copy of bill to show how account was come to; describes method of settling accounts of Confederate times into current currency; other business news.","Scope and Contents Requests settlement of claim made by Blair and Chamberlayne.","Scope and Contents Expects claim by Blair \u0026 Chamberlayne to be settled now that wheat is in.","Scope and Contents Requests payment of claim; asks three neighbors to determine value of articles now in Richmond and settlement will be fed on that.","Scope and Contents Reports receipt of gifts; describes daily newspaper; gives long and detailed description of court proceedings he was involved in.","Scope and Contents Inquires after papers sent; describes state fair and military men he met; describes Texas' position politically toward reconstruction.","Scope and Contents Describes planned treatment of tumor; describes stay at retreat to sick hospital; kindness of Dr. ?] McGuire; other family news.","Scope and Contents Reports mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; describes plan to move body home.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for mother's Anna Burfitt Jerdone] death; suggests transportation he has available for the family.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy for their \"affliction\".","Scope and Contents Reports sales of goods and sends goods ordered; advises against allowing \"cargo to pass into the hands of strangers\"; other business news.","Scope and Contents Expresses dissatisfaction with people in general and loneliness; refers to severe weather in Virginia; notes little severe weather in Texas and Galveston recently; other family news.","Scope and Contents","Reports visit of cousins John and William; mother's health precarious; will try to convince her to visit her friends in the \"upper country\" this summer; hopes his family will visit.","Has drawn against his account; wishes to have Mr. Coleman paid for the pork; consoles him in his bereavement.","Requests Jerdone to delay trip until the morning as the man \"who has the fund out of which he is to pay Mr. Jerdone has not yet reached town\"; does not wish Mr. Jerdone to leave town without his money.","Describes Mr. Gillet's teaching: he teaches in Fredericksburg half the week and here the other half; there are 25 boys in school; Edward Pendleton was sent off for not attending Mr. Coleman's Bible class. Including Autograph Note Signed to [Clayton Coleman]from [William Coleman], thinks he will not reply to him.","[Mr. Tucker desires him to respond to his letter; his [William Jerdone's] corn field is in good condition; Dr. Carter says that Patience, and an enslaved person, has rheumatism but she thinks she has been tricked and desires a Black doctor; advises hickory oil as a remedy for rheumatism; Mr. Tucker has kept an accurate account of everything bought for the place.","Visited Mr. Groves and was astonished that they had sold his [Francis Jerdone] barrels of sugar; hopes his clothes will reach him safely; dispatches by the Herriot and goods by the Nissell have been forwarded to him.","Apprehensive over the whereabouts of his [William Jerdone] brother who went to repair the damage to places where gold was been sought caused by the late rain; has sent things which were requested.","Sends two bottles to be filled with wine for a sick person; will return tomorrow.","Since Mr. Norton was not at Hanover Court page torn; recommends sowing wheat seed in a garden near the turnip patch; hopes Hartwell and Billy behave well in his absence; more family news.","All enjoying good health; glad the wheat is sowed; Mr. Lewis is purchasing corn; whooping cough is at old Mrs. Lewis's; expects Hawkins; the doctor has cut his finger badly; sorry to hear how Francis Mitchell \"has been going on\"; the days are now short.","Mr. Lewis killed a beef and does not want any more at present; Mrs. Lewis has got the books they wanted: Simpson' Euclid and Blair's Lectures; other news of Lewis's and Falcons.","Recounts illness; planned to sail from London on the 15th; because of illness has been unable to ride horseback so has purchased a wheeled chaise; Mr. Braikenridge has not arrived in England; has received no letters from his family of a date later than the 13th of November 17]84; wishes to be remembered to family and friends.","Recounts negotiations with William Kimbrough over the corn crop; news of the Lewis's.","Arrived safely and found their things in much the same condition as they left them.","Arrived safely and found things in good order; Mr. Lewis is at home.","Sends weekly news: Joseph Holladay brought 3,000 herrings, the \"backward spring\"; Captain Lewis Holladay had a sale at the tavern of what remained in his store; plans a trip home.","Has not been able to dispose of his horse at the price stipulated; Mr. Anderson will take the horse at $100 if he will warrant him not more than 9 years old.","Asks about her [Anna] mother's health; fears Martha's journey to Lebanon was \"perilous\" because of \"Northern atrocities\"; asks if Mr. Jerdone is alarmed because your residence is so near the scene of action; kiss all the children.","Is glad to renew acquaintance with her; asks for full accounts of her family; sends regards to her. Martha and Mr. Jerdone.","Writes about his delivering Holt's notice in person; thinks he gave the notice to someone else to deliver.","Tells her of her traveling companions on the ride to Summer Hill; believes Mr. Jerdone must be with her in Richmond; describes Christmas activities.","Regrets Mr. Jerdone left before [she ?] reached Richmond; everyone at Summer Hill sings praises of her; mentions the marriage and scandal circulating about John; supposes she is at John Jerdone's now; says she must have had to encounter \"many a sly glance from Mr. Jerdone\"; mentions friends and school; recipes for German town cakes and soda biscuits.","Wishes she could be in Richmond at the Exchange Hotel with her [Anna T. Burfitt] and Mr. Jerdone; describes her reception at Fairfield; thinks the match with Mr. Jerdone is \"first-rate\" despite \"some disparity in years\"; more news of friends and family.","Hopes his father's health will improve; thinks of his [John Jerdone] mother as a friend; sends love to his aunt, sister and brothers.","Suffers from wheezing cough and shortness of breath: cousin has been \"almost laid by with the Rheumatis in her limbs\"; [page torn].","Applies for position of manager; encloses recommendations.","Has made a wadden bonnet for Maria as she is subject to earache; has added silk velvet flowers; will charge Richmond prices.","Will alter Maria's frocks; describes trimmings and fabrics.","Applies for position of manager of plantations in Charles City and New Kent.","Discusses his ideas for settlement of a claim against Major Duval.","Mentions financial transactions and health [page torn].","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness: [Dr. Hunter?] McGutre'sindecision about the case.","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Her illness; [Dr. Hunter] McGuire'scomplaining \"as usual\" of too much to do.","Thanks for the gift.","Married two months; married life; bridal tour; visit to Troy Female Seminary; news of friends there.","4 pages.Incomplete. Autograph Letter Signed. Inquires regarding her mother's health; death of Sarah Macauley.","Shipping tobacco.","Grief at death of wife [Sarah Jerdone Braikenridge].","Boxes 10-12.","Accounts, including estate of Francis Jerdone; includes letter. 1 July 1784 of [J. H. Norton to Francis Jerdone and William] Holt; and account, 1772-1774, concerning guardianship of [Peggy Belsches] Kello .","Accounts, including overseer's account, two small memorandum listing tithes, enslaved perrons and including overseer's agreement, 1779, and account books concerning the estate of Francis Jerdone I.","Accounts, includes overseers wage.","Contains Blacksmith's account dated November 18th 1766; account book March 14, 1783 - March 1790; mill book of Francis Jerdone dated June 15, 1783; notes; and \"an account of timber got to build my house,\" November 17, 1847 - July 13, 1848; possible \"Mt. Sterling\"; account book, 1750, of Francis Jerdone (1721-1771) kept while a merchant at Yorktown, Virginia.","Signed by Jno. Pierce and William Douglass.","Copy of court record of the deed, and opinions of P. V. Daniel and Robert Stanard, attorneys, regarding the legality of the deed. 4 items. Documents Signed.","Includes agreement for 1826 [20 August 1825].","Notes of the late war not contained in reports of the generals, by M. M. Burfitt, at Providence Forge, New Kent County, Virginia Refers to the American Civil War, particularly the Battle of Bethel.","What the big guns eat. An English theme by Miriam Coleman. Written during the European War 1914-1918.","Poetry and pencil sketches by Alexander Jerdone.","School copy book of John Jerdone. 1811. Page of copy book of 26 November 1810.","School copy book of William Jerdone.","Extract of the will of William MacFarland, of London England], leaving his property to his sister, Mrs. Catherine Scott. See medium oversize file.","Course of treatment prescribed by Dr. Mercer for a child with a bad lax.","Letter of recommendation of Robert Myrick as overseer.","Appraisement of the estate of David Thompson.","List of bonds payable to Francis Willis delivered to John Hawkins to be collected by him.","The royal coat of arms appears on this sheet.","Engraving from the London Magazine . 1754.","Murray to Chesters, page 81 mentions Baillie Jeardon father of Francis Jerdone I].","Murray to Chesters, page 121 mentions Mr. Jardon.","Murray to Chesters, page 141 refers to Bailie Jardon.","Murray to Chesters, page 149 refers to Franc Jerdon.","Murray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone's apprenticeship to Neill Buchanan.","Murray to Baillie Jerdon, concerning his son Francis Jerdone.","Includes photograph of portrait of John Jerdone, son of Francis Jerdone, 3rd.","Manuscript Volume 1. 134 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches.","Manuscript Volume 2. 146 pages. 8 1/4 x 6 3/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 3. 168 pages. 8 x 7 inches. Volume 1.","Manuscript Volume 4. 154 pages. 8 1/4 x 7 inches. Volume 2.","Manuscript Volume 5. 44 pages. 10 1/4 x 8 inches.","Manuscript Volume 6. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 280 pages. 16 x 6 1/2 inches. Covered with parchment.","Manuscript Volume 7. Physical Location: Located on shelf. 740 pages. 18 1/2 x 13 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 8. 376 pages. 16 x 7 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W. J. Barrow. Jerdone's predecessor as factor for Buchanan and Hamilton was William Johnston. Jerdone evidently came to Virginia to replace Johnston in September 1740.","Manuscript Volume 9. 268 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/2 inches. Laminated July 1955 by W.J. Barrow. Also includes a record of tobacco shipped prior to 1759.","anuscript Volume 11. 256 pages. 19 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 12. 10 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 13. 368 pages. 13 x 8 1/2 inches. Volume 1 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery.","Manuscript Volume 14. 64 pages. 12 3/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Volume 2 concerns agriculture, daily life and slavery, and also some poetry and recipes.","Manuscript Volume15. 3 3/4 x 6 inches. First leaf contains note of payment of tuition at the College of William and Mary for his son John, a student there.","Invoice book, ledger and a partial ledger. Msv 22, 23, 24.","Invoice book of Francis Jerdone of Hanover County, Yorktown and Louisa County. 15 7/8 x 6 1/4. 179 pages.","Ledger of Francis Jerdone. King and Queen County (see index). 14 3/4 x 9 1/8 inches. 259 pages.","Index to Ledger B which is not included with this collection. 15 x 9 1/3. 30 pages.","Manuscript Volume 16. 235 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches. Correspondents include John Anderson, John Backhouse, Messrs Barlow, Wigginton, Francis \u0026 Holland of London, England, James Bowles, Messrs. Clay \u0026 Miogley of Liverpool, England, Nisbett, Darby, William Gibson, Samuel Gist, Messrs. Hanson, Clark \u0026 Co. of London, England, Henry Holland, Richard Humphreys, Mrs. Dorothy Jordan, John Morton Jordan, John Morton Jordan \u0026 Co. of London, England, Thomas Jarvis, William Lee, Dr. Michael McNemara, Messrs. McNemara \u0026 Jennings, Robert Maxwell, Thomas Oswala, William Perkins, Perkins, Buchanan \u0026 Brown of London, England, William Quinny, Stevenson, Randolph \u0026 Co. of Bristol, Messrs. Talte, Alexander \u0026 Co. of London, England, Mrs. Francis Ward, Thomas Ward, Messrs. Willimott, Brooks, \u0026 Lafant, and Messrs. Willson \u0026 R. Mollison of London, England. For other information concerning J. M. Morton \u0026 Company and on Perkins, Buchanan and Brown see the Thomas Adams Papers in the Virginia Historical Society.","Manuscript Volume 17. 13 1/2 x 8 1/2 inches.","Manuscript Volume 18. 54 pages. 12 1/4 x 8 inches. Also includes sketches written by William M. Jerdone at Virginia Military Institute, 1870-1871.","Manuscript Volume 19. 166 pages. 14 x 8 3/4 inches. Diary of William Jerdone, 1861-1862; and diary of William M. Jerdone, 1863-1867. Diaries concern agriculture, preparation for war, home front, managing enslaved persons, reconstruction, and military defenses at Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown.","Manuscript Volume 20. 126 pages. 13 1/4 x 8 1/4 inches.","Manuscript Volume 21. Book contains farm records, records of doctors' visits, records of produce and animals stolen, hiring of a free black person, record of enslaved persons working on public defenses at Jamestown and the beginning of a diary continued in MsV. 19 of William M. Jerdone, Jr.","Boxes: 17-19","2 items. 5 1/2\" high.","4\" high.","3 1/2\" high.","3 3/4\" high. See descriptive note attached.","3 items. 3-6 1/2\" high.","Manuscript. Penciled genealogy chart showing ancestry of Francis and Sarah Macon] Jerdone down through their descendants to the Colemans.","Photocopies.","2 pages. Photostat of draft of Document. Argues in behalf of her sons Francis and John who are in England and their land in Virginia is found by inquest to be subject to escheat and forfeiture under the last Act of Assembly concerning escheats and forfeitures from British subjects.","3 pages. Copy.","2 pages. Copy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1342,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-11T07:07:26.881Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8768_c05_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous Photos","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blair family papers","Visuals"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blair family papers","Visuals"],"text":["Blair family papers","Visuals","Miscellaneous Photos","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous Photos","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Photos"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous Photos"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Photos"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":324,"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_736.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/118121","title_filing_ssi":"Blair family papers","title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"text":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736","Blair family papers","The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.","Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. ","gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College","The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Joyce Strohkorb, 31 October 2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"extent_tesim":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003egmoa001,\n\u003ca href=\"http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/gmoa001-ead.xml;query=;brand=default\"\u003ePierre Daura archive,\u003c/a\u003e Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBMC-M12, \n\u003ca href=\"http://triarchive.brynmawr.edu/repositories/6/resources/1516\"\u003eLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, \u003c/a\u003eBryn Mawr College\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":388,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blair family papers","Visuals"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blair family papers","Visuals"],"text":["Blair family papers","Visuals","Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Postcards \u0026 Hotel Tags"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":336,"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_736.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/118121","title_filing_ssi":"Blair family papers","title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"text":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736","Blair family papers","The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.","Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. ","gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College","The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Joyce Strohkorb, 31 October 2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"extent_tesim":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003egmoa001,\n\u003ca href=\"http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/gmoa001-ead.xml;query=;brand=default\"\u003ePierre Daura archive,\u003c/a\u003e Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBMC-M12, \n\u003ca href=\"http://triarchive.brynmawr.edu/repositories/6/resources/1516\"\u003eLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, \u003c/a\u003eBryn Mawr College\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":388,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c04_c03"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous Writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blair family papers","Writings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blair family papers","Writings"],"text":["Blair family papers","Writings","Miscellaneous Writings","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous Writings","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Writings"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Writings"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":212,"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_736.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/118121","title_filing_ssi":"Blair family papers","title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"text":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736","Blair family papers","The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.","Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. ","gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College","The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Joyce Strohkorb, 31 October 2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"extent_tesim":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author. After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans. In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. ","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. ","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion. They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003egmoa001,\n\u003ca href=\"http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/gmoa001-ead.xml;query=;brand=default\"\u003ePierre Daura archive,\u003c/a\u003e Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBMC-M12, \n\u003ca href=\"http://triarchive.brynmawr.edu/repositories/6/resources/1516\"\u003eLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, \u003c/a\u003eBryn Mawr College\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["gmoa001,\n Pierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \n Louise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":388,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:36:10.408Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02"],"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01","parent_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01","parent_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection","Memorabilia and Biographical Information"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection","Memorabilia and Biographical Information"],"text":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection","Memorabilia and Biographical Information","Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia","box 01 of 06"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia","title_ssm":["Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miss Constance Applebee Memorabilia"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"extent_ssm":["2 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["2 Folder"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"containers_ssim":["box 01 of 06"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:33:03.125Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_82.xml","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2006"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.009"],"text":["LU.009","Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection","Jackson, Elizabeth Burger","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Field Hockey","Women field hockey players -- Virginia","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Elizabeth Burger Jackson was a graduate of William and Mary, where she earned both her bachelor's and master's degrees. Dr. Jackson also studied at Columbia University and received her doctorate from the University of Virginia. She taught natural sciences at Longwood from 1938 until her retirement in 1976. She was promoted to full professorship in 1960 and was named Distinguished Professor of Natural Sciences prior to her retirement. A member of the State Study Commission on Elementary Science Instruction, Dr. Jackson was also noted for her accomplishments in the sport of field hockey. As a friend of field hockey pioneer Constance M.K. Applebee, Dr. Jackson participated in several international tournaments as a passionate member of the U.S. Women's Field Hockey team from 1939 to 1954, including the World Hockey Conference in South Africa in 1950. In 1982, she was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. Dr. Jackson, a Farmville native, was an integral part of her community for decades and an active member of the Farmville United Methodist Church. Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson passed away in the summer of 1998 at a Farmville-area retirement home.","This collection of materials related to Dr. Jackson's life and career was donated to the Greenwood Library Archives by Nancy Joel in the fall of 2008.","This collection contains materials related to the life and accomplishments of Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson and consists of personal and biographical materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, and miscellaneous print materials.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","English \n. "],"unitid_tesim":["LU.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jackson, Elizabeth Burger","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Field Hockey","Women field hockey players -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jackson, Elizabeth Burger","Longwood University -- History","Longwood University -- Field Hockey","Women field hockey players -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.2 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 5 flat boxes, 1 oversize bankers box, and 1 photograph binder"],"extent_tesim":["4.2 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 5 flat boxes, 1 oversize bankers box, and 1 photograph binder"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Burger Jackson was a graduate of William and Mary, where she earned both her bachelor's and master's degrees. Dr. Jackson also studied at Columbia University and received her doctorate from the University of Virginia. She taught natural sciences at Longwood from 1938 until her retirement in 1976. She was promoted to full professorship in 1960 and was named Distinguished Professor of Natural Sciences prior to her retirement. A member of the State Study Commission on Elementary Science Instruction, Dr. Jackson was also noted for her accomplishments in the sport of field hockey. As a friend of field hockey pioneer Constance M.K. Applebee, Dr. Jackson participated in several international tournaments as a passionate member of the U.S. Women's Field Hockey team from 1939 to 1954, including the World Hockey Conference in South Africa in 1950. In 1982, she was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. Dr. Jackson, a Farmville native, was an integral part of her community for decades and an active member of the Farmville United Methodist Church. Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson passed away in the summer of 1998 at a Farmville-area retirement home.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Burger Jackson was a graduate of William and Mary, where she earned both her bachelor's and master's degrees. Dr. Jackson also studied at Columbia University and received her doctorate from the University of Virginia. She taught natural sciences at Longwood from 1938 until her retirement in 1976. She was promoted to full professorship in 1960 and was named Distinguished Professor of Natural Sciences prior to her retirement. A member of the State Study Commission on Elementary Science Instruction, Dr. Jackson was also noted for her accomplishments in the sport of field hockey. As a friend of field hockey pioneer Constance M.K. Applebee, Dr. Jackson participated in several international tournaments as a passionate member of the U.S. Women's Field Hockey team from 1939 to 1954, including the World Hockey Conference in South Africa in 1950. In 1982, she was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. Dr. Jackson, a Farmville native, was an integral part of her community for decades and an active member of the Farmville United Methodist Church. Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson passed away in the summer of 1998 at a Farmville-area retirement home."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of materials related to Dr. Jackson's life and career was donated to the Greenwood Library Archives by Nancy Joel in the fall of 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection of materials related to Dr. Jackson's life and career was donated to the Greenwood Library Archives by Nancy Joel in the fall of 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials related to the life and accomplishments of Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson and consists of personal and biographical materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, and miscellaneous print materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials related to the life and accomplishments of Dr. Elizabeth Burger Jackson and consists of personal and biographical materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, and miscellaneous print materials."],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English \n. "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":158,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:33:03.125Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_82_c01_c02"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Mixed--Correspondence","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed"],"text":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed","Mixed--Correspondence","Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6)."],"title_filing_ssi":"Mixed--Correspondence","title_ssm":["Mixed--Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Mixed--Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-2013 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mixed--Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":26,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":74,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:39:57.959Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6251.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/208732","title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-2013 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-2013 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251"],"text":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251","Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)","Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. ","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. ","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center. ","Dr. Matthew S. Holt","Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. ","He was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.","Dr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Chihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. ","Dr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. ","Andrew E. Holt","Andrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. ","He worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.","Andrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. ","Ralph K. Chase","Ralph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. ","He pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. ","Ralph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. ","Helen Jane Holt Seale","Helen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. ","In 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others."," In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.","Helen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. ","Sources:","A\u0026M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. ","Ancestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017.","0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386","Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.","Series 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.","Series 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.","Series 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.","Series 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Series 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican , ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican , 1881-1893."," The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3)."," The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. "," Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. "," Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding America's Preparedness which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt."," Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt."," Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). "," Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others."," Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. "," Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr."," Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. "," Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, Brier-Bits , and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material."," Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). "," Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. "," Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.","Includes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.","Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).","Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.","Photograph captions include: \n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\" \nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013: \n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939 \nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\" \n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\" \n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\" \n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up? \n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\" \n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\" \n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\" \n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\" \n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"","Includes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. "," Items of note include an issue of Social Justice with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of War Twixt God and the Devil by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).","Includes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. "," Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2).","One postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026M 3960.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Holt family","Froelich","Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Holt family","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Holt family","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Holt family"],"creators_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Holt family"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["29 Linear Feet 29 ft. (32 document cases, 5 in. each); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); 9 photos in photograph filing cabinets","0.94 Gigabytes 14 files, formats include .pdf and .tif"],"extent_tesim":["29 Linear Feet 29 ft. (32 document cases, 5 in. each); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); 9 photos in photograph filing cabinets","0.94 Gigabytes 14 files, formats include .pdf and .tif"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. ","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is one of five (see also A\u0026amp;M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026amp;M 873 and A\u0026amp;M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026amp;M 1858. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026amp;M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026amp;M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026amp;M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. ","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Matthew S. Holt\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAndrew E. Holt\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAndrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRalph K. Chase\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAncestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Matthew S. Holt","Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. ","He was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.","Dr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Chihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. ","Dr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. ","Andrew E. Holt","Andrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. ","He worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.","Andrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. ","Ralph K. Chase","Ralph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. ","He pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. ","Ralph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. ","Helen Jane Holt Seale","Helen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. ","In 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others."," In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.","Helen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. ","Sources:","A\u0026M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. ","Ancestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 4218, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, A\u0026M 4218, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Republican\u003c/emph\u003e, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Republican\u003c/emph\u003e, 1881-1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerica's Preparedness\u003c/emph\u003e which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrier-Bits\u003c/emph\u003e, and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph captions include:\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\"\u003cbr\u003e\nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013:\u003cbr\u003e\n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939\u003cbr\u003e\nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up?\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Items of note include an issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Justice\u003c/emph\u003e with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWar Twixt God and the Devil\u003c/emph\u003e by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.","Series 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.","Series 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.","Series 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.","Series 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Series 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican , ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican , 1881-1893."," The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3)."," The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. "," Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. "," Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding America's Preparedness which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt."," Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt."," Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). "," Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others."," Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. "," Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr."," Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. "," Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, Brier-Bits , and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material."," Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). "," Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. "," Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.","Includes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.","Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).","Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.","Photograph captions include: \n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\" \nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013: \n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939 \nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\" \n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\" \n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\" \n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up? \n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\" \n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\" \n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\" \n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\" \n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"","Includes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. "," Items of note include an issue of Social Justice with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of War Twixt God and the Devil by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).","Includes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. "," Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026amp;M 3960.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026M 3960."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_be13ccbbbb454a2b39aef8e6e66ff461\"\u003ePapers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_08451e5a0667903e910ef8e3623f686c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Froelich","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Holt family","Froelich","Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)"],"famname_ssim":["Holt family","Froelich"],"persname_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:39:57.959Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c03"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Mixed--Photographs","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed"],"text":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Series 5. Mixed","Mixed--Photographs","Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent."],"title_filing_ssi":"Mixed--Photographs","title_ssm":["Mixed--Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Mixed--Photographs"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2009 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mixed--Photographs"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":12,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":101,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:39:57.959Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6251.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/208732","title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-2013 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-2013 and undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251"],"text":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251","Rush Dew Holt Family Papers","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)","Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. ","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. ","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center. ","Dr. Matthew S. Holt","Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. ","He was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.","Dr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Chihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. ","Dr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. ","Andrew E. Holt","Andrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. ","He worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.","Andrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. ","Ralph K. Chase","Ralph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. ","He pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. ","Ralph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. ","Helen Jane Holt Seale","Helen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. ","In 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others."," In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.","Helen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. ","Sources:","A\u0026M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. ","Ancestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017.","0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386","Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.","Series 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.","Series 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.","Series 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.","Series 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Series 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican , ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican , 1881-1893."," The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3)."," The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. "," Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. "," Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding America's Preparedness which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt."," Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt."," Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). "," Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others."," Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. "," Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr."," Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. "," Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, Brier-Bits , and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material."," Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). "," Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. "," Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.","Includes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.","Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).","Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.","Photograph captions include: \n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\" \nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013: \n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939 \nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\" \n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\" \n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\" \n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up? \n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\" \n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\" \n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\" \n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\" \n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"","Includes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. "," Items of note include an issue of Social Justice with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of War Twixt God and the Devil by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).","Includes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. "," Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2).","One postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026M 3960.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Holt family","Froelich","Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4218","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6251"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rush Dew Holt Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Holt family","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Holt family","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Holt family"],"creators_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Holt family"],"places_ssim":["Lewis County (W. Va.)","Weston (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Physicians - letters and papers.","Horses -- Breeding"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["29 Linear Feet 29 ft. (32 document cases, 5 in. each); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); 9 photos in photograph filing cabinets","0.94 Gigabytes 14 files, formats include .pdf and .tif"],"extent_tesim":["29 Linear Feet 29 ft. (32 document cases, 5 in. each); (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); 9 photos in photograph filing cabinets","0.94 Gigabytes 14 files, formats include .pdf and .tif"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. ","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is one of five (see also A\u0026amp;M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026amp;M 873 and A\u0026amp;M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026amp;M 1858. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026amp;M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026amp;M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026amp;M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is one of five (see also A\u0026M 0873, 1858, 4039, and 3943) pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr. and his family. The records have been gathered via multiple accruals from 1956 to 2016. Originally, these collections were divided between A\u0026M 873 and A\u0026M 1701, the latter also being composed of thirteen addenda and A\u0026M 1858. ","In an attempt to organize the collections in a more coherent fashion for patron use and to reflect the creator(s) in a more concise manner, the material was reevaluated and reorganized into the three sets of papers with distinct series and subseries: A\u0026M 873: Rush Dew Holt (1905-1955) Papers; A\u0026M 1858: Helen Holt (1913-2015) Papers; and A\u0026M 4218: Rush Dew Holt Family Papers. ","Because of the 2016-2017 reorganization, the physical arrangement no longer matches the intellectual arrangement and series order. Furthermore, any box and folder citations created prior to the above-mentioned project are likely no longer accurate. ","For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Matthew S. Holt\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAndrew E. Holt\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAndrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRalph K. Chase\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRalph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSources:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAncestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Matthew S. Holt","Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. (1850-1939) was born in Gilmer County, Virginia (now West Virginia), in July 1850 to parents, Matthew S. Holt, Sr. and Abagail C. (Bennett) Holt. ","He was a respected physician, horse breeder, and a controversial political figure. Dr. Holt was a self-proclaimed socialist, atheist, and pacifist. His outspoken opposition to America's involvement in World War I brought much criticism and physical attacks against his family and himself, but Dr. Holt held firm to his views.","Dr. Holt married Chihela Dew in 1895, and they raised six children including Andrew E. Holt and Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Chihela (Dew) Holt (1871-1949) was the first female graduate of Salem College and later taught in a business school. She later opened her own grocery store next to the family home in Weston, West Virginia. ","Dr. Holt died in Weston, West Virginia, on March 31, 1939. ","Andrew E. Holt","Andrew E. Holt (1901-1976) was born in Weston, West Virginia, on September 21, 1901 to parents, Dr. Matthew S. Holt, Jr. and Chihela (Dew) Holt. ","He worked as a retail merchant in the grocery industry. He was also involved with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia.","Andrew Holt died in Weston, West Virginia in June 1976. ","Ralph K. Chase","Ralph K. Chase (1901-1948) was born on July 14, 1901 in Schenectady, New York. He was the son of Robert C. B. Chase and Louise S. Chase. ","He pursued legal education and became a practicing attorney in New York State before moving to Washington, D. C. to take a government-related position in the 1930s. It is likely during this time that Ralph Chase met his future wife, Jane H. Holt, younger sister to Senator Rush D. Holt of West Virginia. ","Ralph Chase died in Arlington, Virginia, on July 31, 1949. ","Helen Jane Holt Seale","Helen Jane Holt Seale (1945-2008) was born on September 7, 1945 in Weston, West Virginia, to parents Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt. ","In 1963, she obtained a degree from Greenbrier College in Lewisburg, West Virginia. \nDuring this time, Helen Jane Holt also traveled to numerous locations both in the United States and abroad including Washington, D.C., Florida, North Carolina, Norway, and Denmark, among others."," In 1967, Helen Jane Holt was married in New Orleans, Louisiana; however, no information is available about her husband.","Helen Jane Holt Seale died on October 28, 2008. ","Sources:","A\u0026M 4218, Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. ","Ancestry Library. West Virginia University, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 4218, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Rush Dew Holt Family Papers, A\u0026M 4218, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["0873, 1858, 3001, 3943, 4039, 4386"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Republican\u003c/emph\u003e, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Republican\u003c/emph\u003e, 1881-1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerica's Preparedness\u003c/emph\u003e which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrier-Bits\u003c/emph\u003e, and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph captions include:\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\"\u003cbr\u003e\nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013:\u003cbr\u003e\n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939\u003cbr\u003e\nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up?\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\"\u003cbr\u003e\n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Items of note include an issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Justice\u003c/emph\u003e with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWar Twixt God and the Devil\u003c/emph\u003e by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family.","Series 1. Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers; 1837-1943","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican, ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican, 1881-1893.","Series 2. Andrew E. Holt Papers; 1926-1958","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt.","Series 3. Ralph K. Chase Papers; 1918-1947","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt.","Series 4. Helen Jane (Holt) Seale Papers; ca. 1930-2008","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Series 5. Mixed; ca. 1820-2013 and undated","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order, not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes correspondence, books, photographs, and miscellaneous writings and publications collected by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, father of Rush Dew Holt, Sr. Topics represented by Dr. Matthew S. Holt's papers include horse breeding; local, state, and national politics; the Socialist Party of West Virginia; and the practice of medicine. There are also medical account books; an account book for the Weston Republican , ca.1879-1880; and two daybooks for the Weston Republican , 1881-1893."," The correspondence is composed of letters to and from Dr. Matthew S. Holt discussing both business and personal matters. Included within this correspondence is a letter to President Warren G. Harding (located in box 2, folder 3)."," The books, which reflect Dr. Matthew S. Holt's occupation as a physician and personal interests, include account books, day books, and pedigree horse books which are also interleaved with related photographs. "," Miscellaneous writings and publications are composed mostly of original poetry by Dr. Matthew S. Holt, but also include other collected writings and printed material relevant to Dr. Matthew Holt's interests. "," Other material of note includes: Dr. Matthew S. Holt's debate with West Virginia Senator Chilton regarding America's Preparedness which is exemplified by letters authored by Dr. Matthew S. Holt and Senator Chilton printed in a newspaper editorial (located in box 32, folder 6); Holt family genealogical material (located in box 40, folder 10); and a Gilmer County, West Virginia, court summons signed by Dr. Matthew S. Holt as a witness (located in box 27, folder 8).","Includes personal and business papers and correspondence retained by Andrew E. Holt, brother to Rush D. Holt, Sr. The personal and business papers describe Andrew E. Holt's involvement with the Blown Glassware and Holt Plant Companies in Weston, West Virginia, in addition to his legal actions relating to the case of Holt v. WMMN radio station, a complaint against J. P. Councill Company, and the divorce proceedings between Andrew E. Holt and Alice Holt."," Correspondence is comprised mostly of letters relating to Andrew E. Holt's business interactions with the Buckeye Incubator Company (Springfield, Ohio), the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (Charleston, West Virginia), and the Ponder Plant Company (Omega, Georgia), among others. Also included is correspondence with United States Senators sent directly from Andrew E. Holt or in care of his brother, Rush D. Holt, Sr.","Includes personal and business papers, educational material, and correspondence, among other material retained by Ralph K. Chase, brother-in-law to Rush D. Holt."," Personal papers include notepads and bound notebooks concerning subjects relating to law. The business records include daily reports and legal papers describing different cases. Also included are: Ralph K. Chase's reading files (correspondence, memos, and reports); and material relating to the United States Maritime Commission (records, reports, and contracts). "," Educational material includes notes and typed and written documents exemplifying Ralph K. Chase's coursework (notes, essays, etc.) in Law and English, among others."," Correspondence includes letters to and from Ralph K. Chase relating to business interactions with, but not limited to, insurance companies and other lawyers in New York. Also included is personal correspondence with family and friends. "," Other material of note includes: certificates presented to Ralph K. Chase for his dedication to law including the certificate acknowledging that he could practice law in New York State (located in box 9, folder 6), certificates of appreciation recognizing Ralph K. Chase's involvement in the United States' Selective Service System (located in box 9, folder 6), and educational certificates including a \"college entrance diploma in science\" for the University of the State of New York (located in box 9, folder 6).","Includes correspondence, educational material, travel material, and other miscellaneous personal papers and ephemera retained by Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, daughter of Rush D. Holt, Sr."," Correspondence includes letters, postcards, and greeting cards to and from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale and her family. Occasions include holidays, get well, celebrations, and general, among others. "," Educational material consists of Bible and Sunday school material including activity sheets and religious publications; grade and secondary school material including subject handbooks, notes, and certificates of completion; and college material including a copy of the 1956-57 Greenbrier College catalog, copies of the college newsletter, Brier-Bits , and Helen Jane Holt Seale's diploma from Greenbrier College, among other material."," Travel material includes menus, postcards, pamphlets, and other printed ephemera gathered from trips in the United States (Florida, North Carolina, etc.) and to other countries (Norway, Denmark, etc.). "," Miscellaneous personal papers include photographs; miscellaneous material such as scrapbook pages, newspaper clippings, etc.; material from Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding; and assorted ephemera including tickets and other Washington, D.C.-related items from the 1961 presidential inaugural parade; among other material. "," Also included in this series is material relating to Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's Death.","Because of multiple addenda and our desire to retain original order not all material pertaining to the Rush D. Holt, Sr. Family Papers was able to be separated into distinct series. In addition, it was not always possible to determine a single person to which the material should be assigned. Therefore, this series contains material pertaining to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale, in addition to the Froelich family. Also included is mixed material pertaining to Rush Dew Holt, Sr., Jr., and Helen F. Holt.","Includes biographical sketches of Senator Rush D. Holt, Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt and Rush D. Holt, Jr.; a Froelich family history (1966); and a 1932 Illinois farm lease listing Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt's father, W. E. Froelich, as the agent (copy); among other material.","Includes original and photocopied newspaper clippings addressing topics such as politics including Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s and Rush D. Holt, Jr.'s careers and Senator Robert C. Byrd's death; family events such as Helen Jane (Holt) Seale's wedding and Rush D. Holt Sr.'s death; and miscellaneous topics such as historic places and events, family members and friends, and subjects of personal interest; among other topics.","Includes letters and cards sent by the Holt family to each other and to other individuals concerning personal and business activities. In addition to the family members, individuals who corresponded with the Holts include J. M. Bennett, David Goff, and George W. Jackson, among others. A notable piece of correspondence is a Civil War letter from Confederate soldier J. B. Mairecolas (located in box 38, folder 6).","Includes pictures of members of the Holt family including Rush D. Holt, Sr. and Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt; pictures of the 1945 VJ (Victory in Japan) Day celebration held in San Francisco, California; and pictures of United States presidents including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton. Also included is a picture of Helen Louise (Froelich) Holt with former West Virginia Secretary of State, Natalie Tennent.","Photograph captions include: \n4218_002: \"baby Margaret Abigail Holt with 4 generations of mothers\" \nGENERAL INFO for folder containing 004-009 + 013: \n\"Holt family pictures. Dr. M.S. Holt born July 28th, 1850, died March 31st, 1939 \nand children Many pictures of Mother (Margaret Abigail Holt) (1896-1986 and Grandfather Mathew Samuel Holt (1850-1939)\" \n4128_004: \"Holt home, store, and Dr. Holt's office (upstairs over store). Grandfathr Holt raised horses and some were used for harness racing.\" \n4128_005: \"Mathew Samuel Holt circa 1870s\" \n4128_005: \"Dr. Mathew Samuel Holt, b July 30, 1850 died March 1939, picture probably early 1900s. (Original picture scratched and discolored\". This photo has possibly been touched up? \n4128_007: \"Dr. M.S. Holt (about) 1870s\" \n4128_008: \"seated Jane, Lelah, \"Dr. Margaret . Standing Rsh, Andrew, Charles, Matt\" \n4128_009: \"Dr. M.S. Holt and his sister, Laura Holt Doyle\" \n4218_010: \"Grandfather Holt was an agnostic, not an atheist. Being a man of science, he probably was suspicious o f'preachers' who peddled what he considered nonsense or worse, untruths.\" \n4218_013: \"Rush Holt + brothers 1934 (c483). L to R: Rush, Andrew, Charles, Mathew Holt in Holt Library, Main Street. Weston, WV\"","Includes publications collected by members of the Holt family including books, pamphlets, scrapbooks, programs, certificates, and other miscellaneous printed items. "," Items of note include an issue of Social Justice with a headline about the United States' entering World War II (located in box 19) and a copy of War Twixt God and the Devil by Dr. Matthew S. Holt (located in box 18, folder 4).","Includes assorted material relating to the Holt family including personal and business records and notes, correspondence, photographs, newspaper mats and clippings, genealogical material, miscellaneous printed material, and ephemera, among other material. "," Material of note includes records from the Weston Cash Grocery (located in box 14, folders 3 and 4) which was opened by Chilela (Dew) Holt, mother to Rush D. Holt, Sr.; and newspaper mats and plates that were used for Rush D. Holt, Sr.'s campaign (located in box 21, folders 3 to 6); and metal license plates that were used for campaign advertising (located in box 21, folder 2)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026amp;M 3960.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One postcard, showing North View of New State Capitol Building, Charleston, W. Va., ca. 1951, separated to Postcard Collection, A\u0026M 3960."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_be13ccbbbb454a2b39aef8e6e66ff461\"\u003ePapers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of the Rush Dew Holt family relating to Matthew S. Holt, Andrew E. Holt, Ralph K. Chase, and Helen Jane (Holt) Seale. The collection includes correspondence, publications, photographs, and clippings, among other material that documents the personal and business activities of the Holt family. The collection is divided into five series as follows: Dr. Matthew S. Holt Papers (1837-1943), Andrew E. Holt Papers (1926-1958), Ralph K. Chase Papers (1918-1947), Helen Jane Holt Seale Papers (ca. 1930-2008), and Mixed (ca. 1820-2013 and undated)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_08451e5a0667903e910ef8e3623f686c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Froelich","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)","Holt family","Froelich","Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Socialist Party (U.S.)","Weston Cash Grocery","United States. Maritime Commission","Weston Republican (newspaper)"],"famname_ssim":["Holt family","Froelich"],"persname_ssim":["Chase, Ralph K.","Holt, Andrew E.","Holt, Helen Louise Froelich, 1913-2015","Holt, Mathew S., 1850-1939","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Seale, Helen Jane Holt","Harding, Warren G., 1865-1923","Chilton, William E. (William Edwin), 1858-1939","Hughes, Edwin Holt, 1866-1950","Froelich, William"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:39:57.959Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6251_c05_c04"}},{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c10"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories","M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores","12 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores","title_ssm":["M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores"],"title_tesim":["M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1900-1912"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["M. Miscellaneous; includes Fenwick\n Mine, dynamite, stores"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["12 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":47,"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9/components#12","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n 1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n on the collection, the new student processors were\n instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n 1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n of these stores carried large inventories which are\n detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n To Mr. George Wickes \n Supt. of Mines \n Kay Moor, Virginia \n Dear George, \n Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n York transportations to this place have never been a\n success. Signed, \n Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n 1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n 1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n 1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n Iron Association, to the \n Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n 25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n should be restored to a relationship with southern\n furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n states iron industries should not have been in the same\n desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n 1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n 1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n 1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n 1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n 1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n 1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n 1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n what happened to the records of the company in the years\n immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n categories than those in which they have initially been\n placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n 95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n 1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n quarries, there is considerable information about the\n production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n records that deal with the company's employees have\n survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n like. Because these books sometimes include information\n about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n considerable information about railroads and their\n relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c13"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Monongah Mining Disaster and Film","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February"],"text":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety","Series 15. Addendum of 2024 February","Monongah Mining Disaster and Film","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film."],"title_filing_ssi":"Monongah Mining Disaster and Film","title_ssm":["Monongah Mining Disaster and Film"],"title_tesim":["Monongah Mining Disaster and Film"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Monongah Mining Disaster and Film"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3229,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This series includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Restrictions apply to the following:","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film."],"_nest_path_":"/components#14/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:05:52.830Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6253.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206911","title_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"title_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1860-2013","circa 1970-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["circa 1970-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1860-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253"],"text":["A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253","J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety","Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents ","Part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Special access restrictions apply to the following boxes:","Box 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086). ","Box 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:","\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. ","The WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines. Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.","This series includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Restrictions apply to the following:","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation. This subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation. Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access. Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access. Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","This subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This box includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This folder includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This addendum was reboxed but the original order of files was maintained, and so reflects the donor's arrangement, labeling, and inventory.","The original order was maintained and the donor's original folder titles were used. Subseries are derived from the donor-provided contents list.","The original order was maintained when possible and the donor's original folder titles, where provided, were used.","J. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.","In April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.","Mr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.","(Adapted from \"Coal: Powering Our Future.\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20180823180538/https://www.bowlesrice.com/media/vision/23_vv_Summer10_LR.pdf.)","Due to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection.","In April 2024, material was removed and returned to the donor. Contents was reboxed to eliminate empty space; citations from prior to this date may have incorrect box and folder information. Box 111a is also intentionally missing folders 3 and 5.","The Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at Upper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company .","Papers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety. A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.","Topics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.","Series Include: \nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020 \nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015 \nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015 \nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015 \nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010 \nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972 \nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010 \nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012 \nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013 \nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998 \nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978 \nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16 \nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated \nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007 ","This series includes correspondence, reports, legal files, research papers, publications, and other material regarding occupational and mining safety, United States occupational and mining rules and regulations, American and international occupational and mining accidents, black lung and white lung diseases, project proposals and fundraising, international mining safety and trips (including those to South Africa and Europe), health and safety manuals, labor unions, and other such topics.","This series includes research, publications, and other material regarding American mine disasters and accidents, including the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], and other earlier disasters. This series mainly consists of material on the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, as McAteer was appointed head independent investigator of the Governor's Independent Investigative Panel by Governor Joe Manchin soon after the disaster. For detailed maps created during this investigation, please see Series 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110). See also the letter in Series 13.","This series consists of books, booklets, binders, and other publications regarding occupational and mining safety, occupational and mining history, occupational and mining disasters and accidents, union strikes and history, West Virginia history, and other such topics.","This series consists of VHS cassettes, audiocassettes, and other audio/visual material regarding mining and occupational safety and other topics. Many tapes of \"Appalshop,\" a documentary program focusing on Appalachian culture and history, are available, as well as recordings of interviews made by McAteer on mining safety and mine disasters.","This series consists of various artifacts regarding mining safety, mining history, unions, and other such topics, including photographs, posters, awards, commemorative coins, and other such objects. Notable objects include a set of seal presses and seal press plates from various local chapters of the United Mine Workers of America, and a set of commemorative neckties from various mining organizations in the United Kingdom. See series 12 for an additional artifact.","This series consists of oversize artifacts, including international mine safety posters, a set of late 19th century-early 20th century mining implements, and an office chair owned by John L. Lewis, union activist and former President of the United Mine Workers of America.","This series includes maps of West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and other states used by the Miners for Democracy to display voting locations.","This series consists of maps and some photographs created during the investigation of the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010] and a few maps of the Aracoma Alma Mine accident [2006]. The descriptions of the maps are based on transcriptions of text found on the maps themselves, including location codes, mapping team names, dates, and sometimes labels. Other than the transcribed text used for description, there is little or no additional textual content on most of these maps.","According to McAteer:","The maps are the result of a project to map the explosion of the Upper Big Branch Mine in 2010. The mapping involved an analysis of charcol resulting from the explosion of the coal to determine direction, speed, and force of the explosion. The maps are dated by when an investigation was conducted on a section of the mine represented by a map.","The alpha-numerics associated with the maps correlate to the\nMSHA (Mine Safety and Health Administration) report of the\nUpper Big Branch explosion.","There were four teams conducting the investigation which took place over 10 months, 12 hours per day. Each day maps (of where the explosion occurred) were prepared for the teams, which met briefly in the morning at 6am. During the physical investigation, evidence was recorded onto the maps showing the results of flame and explosion. There are accompanying pictures to the report. The accumulated evidence formed the basis of the MSHA report.","This series consists of papers, correspondence, publications, and other material from McAteer's time as Vice President of Special Programs at Wheeling Jesuit University. Topics include the HEALTHeWV and HEALTHeSTATES programs, the Coal Impoundment Program and Community Alert program, the Wheeling Jesuit International Mining Health and Safety Symposium, and other such topics.","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include research for McAteer's book on the Monongah Mine Disaster, Mine Safety and Health Administration binders, news articles and other works written by McAteer, research on the Buffalo Creek Mine Disaster, material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969), assorted papers and correspondence, material regarding Campaign Continental, and a folder of photo tapes and audiocassettes.","This series contains materials pertaining to a Coal Mine Health and Safety Study of 1969, including research materials, correspondence, notes, and related clippings that were collected and organized by J. Davitt McAteer.","This series, labelled Miscellaneous Assortment by the donor, includes various correspondence sent from and received by J. Davitt McAteer, collected articles, newsletters, and clippings related to his professional and personal activities, and other miscellaneous papers.","This series includes assorted clippings and correspondence related to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), several ring-bound collections of mining safety articles and training materials, and various awards given to J. Davitt McAteer.","\"Negotiated Rule Making Covering Sand and Gravel Industries with the National Stone Association. Note: Remarkable Endeavor Because Negotiated Rulemaking Did Not Happen\"","This series includes materials related to Campaign Continental and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.","This series includes materials related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.","This series consists of research materials and clippings related to Hawaii and American Samoa environmental issues.","This series consists of research materials, notes, clippings, and correspondence related to the Buffalo Creek and Monongah Mine Disasters.","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include papers related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); United Mine Workers' Association records; Mine Safety and Health Administration press, correspondence, and other related materials; news articles and other publications by McAteer; papers related to the Miners' Manual; mining maps and posters; research material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969); assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding Campaign Continental; and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining safety.","This series consists of a French miner's shirt that might have come from McAteer's visit to the site of the successor mine to Courrières, the largest French mining disaster, as a union gift. See series 3 for additional artifacts.","This series consists of a letter from Donald Blankenship to then-President Donald Trump regarding the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster investigation, copies of which were shared with several other individuals including J. Davitt McAteer.","This material consists of 5 letters written to writer Phil Primack in the early 1970s. Three are signed by WV Rep. Ken Hechler. One is from former UMWA president Arnold Miller. One is signed \"Ed.\"","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include documents related to McAteer's work with the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), including reports, correspondence, and other related materials; books, manuals, and other publications; papers related to the Miners' Manual and other industrial safety manuals along with related draft, research, and publication materials; occupational health and safety studies; occupational injury, illness, and fatality reports; assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding McAteer's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP); and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining and other industrial health and safety issues.","Notable organizations mentioned (and their abbreviations, if any): Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU), Consolidation Coal Company, Inc., CONSOL, Purdue, Inc., the West Virginia Humanities Council, the United States Department of Labor (DOL), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the North Carolina Labor Department, Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Energy (DOE), International Labor Office (ILO), Caterpillar, Inc., World Bank, Council of the Southern Mountains, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, Association of Trial Lawyers of America.","Notable individuals in content: Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, William Clinton, Earl Dotter.","Other notable subjects: China, South Africa, World Trade Center, Ground Zero, 9/11/01, WVU Law School, Textile Industry, Mushroom Workers, Formaldehyde, Black Lung, Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs), Tug River Valley Petition, Surface Mine Control Reclamation Act (SMCRA), Labor History, mining accident and injury reports, Appalachian music, labor- and coal industry-related recordings, Sago, Wilburg, Rushton, Monongah. ","Ths sub-series consists of files collected and organized during JDM's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). They consist of chronological files of correspondence and other documentation.","These boxes contain chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).","Ths sub-series contains materials related to International Labor Law, in some cases specifically international mining safety. Materials include but are not limited to correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, receipts, materials collected for research, travel documentation, publications, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains materials about South African mine safety and health, and includes South African Miners Manual.","This box contains materials related to JDM's travel in connection with international labor law and mining safety and health research, funded by the German Marshall Fund. This research led to the publication of law review articles in WVU and other law school publications. Topics include labor regulations in surface and other types of mining in the following locations: Indonesia, Italy, England and Great Britain, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Russia, Belgium, Schwandorf and Germany, Romania, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Geneva, India, and New Zealand. Formats include travel itineraries, correspondence, notes, travel journals, clippings, expense reports, receipts, publications, and other related materials.","This material consists of publications and papers related to JDM's study of international labor relations, occupational safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. This box includes 6 binders; one is published OSHA regulation documentation, one contains collected materials about Hazard Communication Standards, and the rest (4) contain typed or handwritten notes. This box also includes international labor journals and other publications.","This series consists of materials related to JDM's work on cases of workplace safety at two Perdue chicken processing plants, one in North Carolina and one in Oklahoma. The NC Perdue issue occurred between 1990-1992. On 3-Sept-1991 in Hamlet, NC, a chicken processing plant caught fire, which resulted in 25 employee deaths. McAteer co-wrote an article about the incident for A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy . The Oklahoma Perdue issue involved employees reporting possible product and local environmental contamination, employee illness, and livestock death as a result of company use of vaccinations and chemicals at processing plants and farms. Content formats consist of documents related to court proceedings, articles and clippings, research materials and notes, correspondence, reports, publications, and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains materials related to Perdue court proceedings in Oklahoma, including reports, articles and clippings, and correspondence. There are also some materials related to the NC Perdue lawsuits, as well as information about poultry workers in general.","This box includes documentation related to legal proceedings against Perdue, primarily legal files documenting the case of John C. Brooks, Commissioner of Labor of North Carolina vs. Perdue Farms, Inc. This court case was presented to the Safety and Health Review Board of North Carolina, and JDM acted as the complainant's legal counsel under the OSHLC. Also included are other miscellaneous papers related to the poultry industry.","This box consists of primarily loose books, booklets, and binders of information related to practicing law in NC at both state and federal level, publications from the NC Dept of Labor related to Occupational Safety and Health, and binders containing info about inspections conducted by USDA. Also includes two sets of documents, one is the court report of Brooks Vs. Perdue et al. and one is the Perdue Trauma Disorder Prevention \u0026 Management Program report. Presumably this was all information used by JDM to research and prepare for his role (as representative of OSHLC) in court proceedings in NC.","This sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film.","This box consists of files related to the Monongah mining disaster and film and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from McClure to Zanesville.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Galloway to McAteer.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah 1907 film produced by JDM and includes materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Bibliography to Young.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster, including copies of newpaper clippings, interviews, and images. This box also contains papers that pertain to the creation of the Monongah 1907 film, including as acknowledgments and correspondence. Materials were organized alphabetically by the donor, from Acknowledgements to Future Research.","This box contains papers and photographs that the donor collected and used for research and other aspects of the creation of the 1984 film Monongah 1907 . Types of papers include facsimiles of newspapers, government reports, typed copies of the movie's narrator script, photographs and artist works used in the film, handwritten notes, and tick lists, which are checklists of things to be done (or ticked off) in relation to the creation of a film.","Box 174 consists of 7 Umatic videocassettes, 4 Ampex magnetic tape film reels (1 inch?), and 1 Scotch 3M magnetic tape Master film reel of the Monongah 1907 movie and related promotional material. There is a contents list within the box listing 23 A/V items, which equals the total contents of boxes 172, 173, and 174. Box 172 consists of 5 (1 inch?) film reels: 2 Scotch 3M, 1 Ampex, 1 Sony, 1 Fuji. Box 173 consists of 2 small and 1 large magentic audio recording tapes and 3 Ampex (1 inch?) magnetic tape film reels. These items are all related to the Monongah 1907 movie about the mining disaster and its associated promotional material.","This series of boxes contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006.","This box contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006. There are 3 CD-Rs in this box; all appear to be promotional material for mining safety equipment provided by companies to JDM. This content is similar to boxes 24 a \u0026 b: printed email correspondence, printed web content, newspapers and clippings, and handwritten notes. Notable content: a 3-ring binder containing the statement under oath from Randal McCloy, Jr., the only survivor of the Sago mine disaster.","The boxes in this series include material related to mining disasters in Orangeville, Utah; Pittston, Pennsylvania; Buffalo Creek; and Tug Valley, WV. There is also some material related to mining disasters and fatalities in general, as well as mining policy and regulations and other miscellaneous content. This material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, notes, binders, publications such as government documents, court proceedings, magazines, newsletters, and books.","This box contains materials collected and arranged in binders by JDM, including court documents, reports, and research material related to the Buffalo Creek mining disaster.","This box contains documents and publications related to the Tug River flood, including hydrology reports, maps, clippings, \u0026 government documents. No donor-provided folder list but this box is all foldered and labeled with the exception of one unfoldered book at the front.","This box contains documents related to the Tug River flood and petition, including reports, correspondence, clippings, \u0026 government documents.","In 1979, the Tug Valley Petition was filed on behalf of citizens in its first ever designated filing, JDM and The Center for Law and Social Policy filed such a petition which ultimately failed, but established the first set of rules for such a designation.","This sub-series contains mining safety and Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)-related materials, such as reports, publications, clippings, correspondence, and other related content pertaining to MSHA, JDM's work regarding mining safety, and associated projects. Also included is information about the Mine Safety and Health Act, various reports on mining accidents and fatalities, and content related to mining disasters. Other materials in this sub-series include content related to JDM's research and work to provide legal defense in cases related to mining safety; mining safety manual creation materials and safety training documentation, including additional material related to the Miner's Manual publication; material pertaining to SCSRs, policy covering their use, and associated court cases; material from JDM's travel for research into international mining safety policy; information on Black Lung and other mining-related respiratory illness and injury; and various mine accident investigations and inquiries.","This box contains a miscellaneous assortment of materials related to JDM's work with MSHA and the UMWA. Covered topics include but are not limited to Cost Cutting Reductions/Downsizing, Borehole Post Sealing Recovery Plan - Galatia South, UMWA- Black Lung Conference 10/1996, Accident Investigation Report - Fatal Powered Haulage Accident 5/16/1996, Department Of Labor- Employment Standards Administration - proposed rule, North Carolina Geological Survey- Bulletin #4 - Road Materials and Road Construction in North Carolina - 1893, Final Report- Surface Haulage Truck Accident Trends; most of the material is not foldered. Formats include reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains material related to the Rushton Mining Company and the Rushton Project (1972-1976). The Rushton Quality of Work Project attempted to improve Mine Safety \u0026 Health as well as Labor Relations in an experiment sanctioned by the Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969 - which permitted the Union \u0026 Company to suspend traditional labor and contract laws as well as certain provisions of the Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969 and to experiment with a cooperative negotiation-based agreement. This occurred at the Rushton Mine in Pennsylvania and JDM was the Chief UMWA National Officer involved. \nAlso included in this box is research on the Sunshine Mining Company in Idaho and a disaster that occurred there in May of 1972. The Sunshine Mining Company was a silver mine in Kellogg, Idaho; JDM researched this incident during his work with Ralph Nader and afterward provided testimony to House of Representatives Select Subcommittee on Labor members in support of mine safety reform. Other miscellaneous files related to additional research conducted by JDM on mining employee safety and health are also included. These papers include clippings, reports, correspondence, government documents, court documents, and notes.","This box contains papers related to MSHA including correspondence, reports, publications, bulletins, clippings, photos, and negatives. The photos and negatives are in the folder labeled Farmington - General. There are also some misc. papers unrelated to MSHA. The donor originally labeled this box JDM Mine Safety Work Pre-passage of the 1969 Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act and Implementation of that Act. It also includes material on his study of the Farmington disaster, his education, the Federal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1977, legal cases for the UMWA, etc.","This box contains 18 U-matic videotapes produced by the Mine Safety and Health Administration of the US Dept. of Labor, and two publications by the same. These materials cover various training topics and are dated from 1963 to 1987. The video publication dates range from 1963 to 1983, and the booklets were published between 1985 and 1987.","This box contains materials related to the Wilburg Mining Disaster in Orangeville, Utah. Notes from donor: \"Company was attempting to set a production record, air compressor unsafe, MSHA complicit, JDM report.\" Documents on other mining fatalities, injuries, and disasters are also included. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, notes, clippings, safety plans and amendments, witness statements and court testimony, MSHA fatal mining accident reports of 1982, and other government agency and organization reports.","This box contains court records and related documents on miners' need for Self-Contained Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) as part of their workplace safety provisions. Contents include Pittson Mine Disaster reports, litigation records, publications, and binders for the US Court of Appeals case: Council of the Southern Mountains, Inc., et al. (CSM) v. Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary of Labor, Eckehard Muessig, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Labor, and MSHA, and case: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Donovan, et al., all related to the provision of SCSRs to mining employees.","These boxes contains correspondence, reports, and other papers related to explosives and blasting research and litigation, court proceedings, and other MSHA dealings. Pertains to JDM's work during his time at the Center for Law and Social Policy. Includes some internal CLASP administrative documents. Notable contents include JDM's letter dated 11/7/1983 concerning the Safety and Detonations and Blasting units and 12/12/1983 Asst. Sec. Zegeer's reply and a related Kentucky court case.","These boxes contains material related to a trip JDM took to China July 11-August 3, 1980. The purpose of the trip was for various representatives from miners' unions and mining-related government entities to learn about mining health and safety initiatives in China and bring that knowledge back to the U.S. Papers include correspondence, a travel journal, expense reports, trip planning documentation, pamphlets and small publications, maps, posters, reports, and clippings. There are some papers in Chinese script.","This material includes miscellaneous papers related to MSHA creation and action. It is a combination of facsimiles and original reports, government publications, correspondence, handwritten notes, and miscellaneous papers and publications. Highlights include material on SCSRs, pentachlorophenol, MSHA accountability program, mine law history, and various MSHA/OSHA and NIOSH work. Also included are MSHA policy manual memos and MSHA reports on AC\u0026C Analysis, Foot and Leg Injuries, Women Miner Fatals, and Accident Stats from 1983-1986 .","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's mining safety work in the 1990s and early 2000s. Includes government reports, financial documentation, correspondence, conference materials, and more.","This box contains miscellaneous research materials related to mining safety, mining disasters, and miners' legal defense. Materials include testimony for miners' widows' rights, UMWA safety publications, correspondence, and reports.","This box contains documents about mining safety litigation. JDM was involved as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, which represented mine workers' interests.","This box contains correspondence related to miscellaneous MSHA policies.","This box contains photos, stickers, scrapbooks, and other memorabilia related to mining safety events and travel that JDM participated in in the 1980s and 1990s. Some items of note: photos and albums, mine safety stickers, a white binder of mine tour photos, with the first half of the binder Mine tour with Secretary Alexis Herman-and the second half of the binder: Mine tour Secretary of the Department of Labor, Robert Reich, U.S. Mine Delegation, China, 1980, Mining Tour, U.S. China Friendship Association, in which J. Davitt McAteer was the lead delegate, the National Mine Health and Safety Academy in Beckley, WV - South Africans' visit, Delegation from Mine Safety Division, Ministry of Internation trade and Industry, 11/7/94, Delegation from Japan Assoc. for Security of Explosives, Tokyo, 11/4/94, Delegation from Kazakhstan, 10/26/94, Holms Safety Meeting, Fairmont, WV - 83rd National Safety Council Congress and Exposition Certificate of Excellence, video tape of WBOY TV from labor Day Speech at Marion County Historical Museum, Chili - Copper Mine, Russia - MSHA Delegation 1998, 11/2/99 Caballo Mine, Gillette WY, 11/3/99 Spring Creek Decker, MT, Decker Mine, 11/4/99, Black Thunder Mine, Wright WY, Buckskin Mine, Gillette WY, Geneva, Switzerland, Mine Safety Conference 1997/1998, and many other miscellaneous photos.","This box contains miscellaneous materials considered \"inactive\" by the donor, related to JDM's role as the Assistant Secretary of Labor for the Mine Safety and Health Administration, other aspects of his professional life within MSHA, and his time as Solicitor for the Department of Labor. A notable item in this box is a resignation letter from JDM to former president William Clinton. Other notable names and subjects include Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, The Department of Labor, World Bank, Black Lung, Caterpillar, Inc., Department of Energy, and OSHA.","This box contains materials that relate the the creation of MSHA and amendments of mining safety and regulatory policy. Additional highlights include material on the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 and its implementation, ventilation in mines, MSHA regulations and revisions of 1986, etc. The material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, drafts of speeches, handwritten notes, legal documentation, and other miscellaneous papers. There is one cassette.","This box contains litigation materials concerning self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs). Materials include court documents from the US Court of Appeals -Third Circuit- Case No. 81-2016: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Secretary of Labor and Council of the Southern Mountains \u0026 UMWA. During this case, between 1980-1981, JDM acted as counsel for the intervenor, Counsel of Southern Mountains. This litigation resulted in a decision that required the Department of Labor (MSHA) to promulgate regulations requiring SCSRs to be placed in U.S. Coal Mines.","This box contains reports from the Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), part of the US Dept of Labor. They contain fatal mining accident reports of incidents in 1979, 1980, and 1982 produced and compiled by MSHA. There are also Metal and Non-metal fatal accident reports from 1971-1980. Also included is a small envelope labeled \"microfiche fatalities from MSHA\" containing five sets of microfiche for each year of fatal accident reports from 1973-1977.","These boxes consist of government publications of the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA) mining fatality reports spanning the years 1975-1976. These reports cover January-May of 1975 and January through December of 1976.","This box contains coal company ranking files, including related reports, notes, correspondence, press releases, and clippings, from 1986-1993. OSHLC released these annual coal company safety rankings based on data they collected on mine safety and health for underground and surface mine companies.","This box contains 4 binders of MSHA metal and non-metal mining injury and accident reports","This box contains miscellaneous reports and publications related to mining safety and health. Materials include a report of investigation for underground coal mine explosions at the Scotia Mine on March 9 and 11, 1976, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission reports, C.F.R. Updates in the Federal Register (MSHA proposed rule), Department Of Labor MSHA 30 CFR Parts 56, 57, 58, 70, 71, 72, 75 and 90 Air Quality, Chemical Substances, and Respiratory Protection Standards reports, and the New Multinational Monitor.","This box contains binders and publications that pertain to mining fatalities, mining safety, mining regulations, and other miscellaneous topics. Formats include books, reports, magazines and newsletters, government documents, and indexes.","This box contains chronological correspondence and other documentation pertaining to JDM's mining safety work with the UMWA in the early 1970s.","This box contains three binders containing reports of the Federal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Review Commission proceedings, from the Office of Administrative Law Judges dated between 1978 and 1980. Also included is a binder labeled Coal Briefs Index to Subject and Section.","This box contains 3 binders that contain information related to OSHA litigation, and two smaller binders that contain information about mining safety and health and black lung disease.","This box contains an envelope from a printing company containing a publication proof for the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.","These boxes contain very meticulous notes and printed research material regarding MSHA rules on mining safety. It looks like each folder pertains to a chapter of the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.","Ths sub-series consists of materials related to JDM's work in miners' legal defense, particularly with the UMWA.","This box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.","This box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.","This box contains mainly correspondence but other formats include publications, clippings, financial records, and legal documentation. These materials reflect JDM's work as part of CLASP and other occupational safety and mining industry organizations, including the Miner's Legal Defense Fund, The Council of the Southern Mountains, the U.S. Department of the Interior, and the UMWA.","This sub-series focuses on the broader topic of occupational safety and health in various industries with which JDM worked throughout his career, as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center, and the federal government's Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Much of this work was specifically related to occupational health and safety in the coal mining industry, but various other industries are represented in this content, including textile production, mushroom growing and processing, poultry processing, and more. Materials related to travel abroad for the purpose of researching, writing about, and proposing policy changes based on international labor practices and occupational health and safety policies around the world are included in this sub-series. Also included are materials related to JDM's work to provide legal counsel for individuals and groups in various industries against corporations and the resulting legal proceedings for the protection of workers. Other notable content is labor history course curriculum created by JDM in collaboration with the WV Humanities Council, various workplace injury and fatality reports, information on the effects of formaldehyde and other causes of work-related respiratory illness and injury, and material on migrant employees' workplace conditions. Notable organizations mentioned and their abbreviations: the United States Department of Labor (DOL), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). Formats include clippings, articles, publications, facsimiles of articles and other publications, government reports, travel planning documents, receipts, travel journals, notes, correspondence, photographs, and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the late 1980s through the early 1990s and his endeavor to create a school curriculum related to the topic with the National Humanities Council. JDM was working with the OSHLC at the time, and this was a joint project between the NHC and OSHLC. This box also includes information about the WV Humanities Council, and sample grades for week one of the developmental course. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, images, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the 1990s and his work to create a school curriculum related to the topic for the National Humanities Council. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents. Additional topics include A B Normal White Centers information, which the donor described as a fraudulent scheme on the part of the coal industry to produce coal dust samples to comply with the legal requirements; historical articles about company stores; and Mother Jones.[If the folder titles are really topics instead, feel free to remove them as folders and add them to the SC note. ]","This box contains material related to occupational health and safety, focusing primarily on mining safety. Materials include information about training, projects, and proposals on topics such as coal slurry, coal impoundment, void detection, diesel, and off-road rules, as well as reports, including the Underground Mine Fatality Investigation Report of the Spartan Mining Company. Formats include clippings, publications, notes, correspondence, reports, training materials, and other related documents.","This box contains material about the textile industry and other related occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, publications, and copies of publications of supreme court cases and other legal briefs, professional publications, original manual drafts, and other miscellaneous materials. These materials were used in creating the Textile Health and Safety Manual (1985) written by JDM during his career at the OSHLC.","This box contains material related to the textile industry, the chemical industry, and other occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, survey data, and other miscellaneous documents. These materials comprised research, backup documentation, and drafts for two safety manuals written by JDM; one for textile worker health and safety, titled Textile Health and Safety Manual: A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job , and one for chemical hazards. The latter, Chemical Hazards: A Guide to the New Federal Hazard Communication Regulations , was written in cooperation with Dale Lawson and published by Pilgrim Press in 1987.","This box contains materials related to researching and creating safety manuals for textile industry workers. Most of the content of this box consists of information about cotton dust and its hazards. Also included are some miscellaneous materials and health and safety manual drafts for mushroom workers and chemical workers. Formats include published copies of manuals, drafts, and typed originals, clippings, reports, notes, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials. There is other material related to the mushroom workers manual in box 113.","This box contains documents related to court proceedings regarding formaldehyde exposure as an occupational hazard. JDM represented ACTWU (Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union) in his role at the OSHLC. The DC Circuit Court and the US Supreme Court reviewed employee risk and proposed protections, including the Medical Removal Protection (MRP) mentioned in the donor's notes. (These are benefits offered to employees who have been removed from the workplace for medical reasons due to exposure.) Other organizations involved include NIOSH, OSHA, NCI (National Cancer Institute), and various other workers' unions. [This is great!]","This box includes a portion of JDM's chronological files (mostly correspondence) from his work at the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center.","This box contains 16 comb-bound court brief publications, two volumes of the federal register from Friday, December 4, 1987, and miscellaneous documents. The documents include handwritten notes, reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials related to Occupational Safety and Health Law Center work regarding the formaldehyde standard, industry regulations to determine acceptable levels of employee exposure to formaldehyde in the workplace.","This box contains documents related to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) hazardous waste safety training program. Formats include clippings, handwritten notes, correspondence, comb-bound publications, reports, pamphlets, journals, training course materials, and other related documents and publications.","This box contains chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).","This box contains documents related to OSHLC projects, including reports, publications, notes, correspondence, clippings, and other miscellaneous material. There is a handwritten list of the contents from the donor in the front of the box.","The materials in this box consist of court reports and other documents related to federal litigation regarding medical removal protection (MRP) for sensitized workers under OSHA protection from formaldehyde exposure in a US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit case No. 87-1748 September 22, 1989. JDM and the OSHLC represented the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU). Also includes multiple sets of documents pertaining to case 87-1743, involving unions and petitions for reviewing a revised government standard.","This box contains legal cases, manuals, other documents, and publications related to work-related respiratory injury and disease, including black lung. Also included are two binders of research on black lung labeled \"J.C. Materials,\" most likely a reference to John Colwell from Yale Law School, whose name was on the inside cover of one of the binders.","This box contains the records of an Occupational Health and Safety case in which JDM was the attorney of record (in his role as director of the OSHLC). The case involved an employee named Pepe Mestres reporting unsafe working conditions at a Department of Energy nuclear energy facility in Savannah, GA.\nThis box also contains miscellaneous documents that pertain to OSHA and OSHLC projects, including OSHA reform, dated between 1990-1993. These materials cover primarily occupational safety and health topics. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, expense reports, government proposals, reports, and clippings. They seem to have been collected as part of JDM's work at OSHLC.","This box contains research material related to migrant workers' occupational safety and health, specifically in agriculture. Formats include clippings, reports, publications, correspondence, notes, and other miscellaneous documents. It seems to have been collected as part of JDM's work at the OSHLC.","The materials in these boxes consist of books, reports, and speeches covering occupational health and the coal industry in Appalachia.","These materials include publications and papers related to occupational safety and health. The papers consist of reports, grant materials, correspondence, and testimony. Publications include newsletters, books, government publications, and manuals.","This box contains papers that pertain to the research for and creation of the Mushroom Workers Manual. The actual manual is not present, but draft materials are included.","This box contains one bag labeled UMWA Forty-Seventh Consecutive Constitutional Convention, Cincinnati, Ohio, September 23 - October 3, 1976. This box also contains two T-shirts. One of the shirts is for a national campaign to eliminate silicosis sponsored by MSHA, NIOSH, the American Lung Association, and OSHA, and the other is for Dust-Busters, a campaign by MSHA-NSA to stop black lung and silicosis.","This sub-series contains government or other publications related to various topics that JDM researched throughout his career, including mining safety, occupational health and safety in mining and other industries, chemicals and other environmental topics, explosives or other industrial materials and functions, land ownership in West Virginia and the Appalachian region, law practice, international law and policy, as well as various other topics pertaining to the state of West Virginia, the Appalachian region as a whole, and its people. Many of these materials are MESA, MSHA, or OSHA publications, as well as printed materials from the Department of Labor or the Department of the Interior and other organizations under federal government purview. Formats include bound books, journals, newsletters, manuals, pamphlets, recorded music albums, and published government reports. JDM presumably used these materials for general research and informational purposes.","This box consists of miscellaneous mining reports, publications, and other government publications about mining safety in the US and other countries, including Germany and Poland, and vintage books from 1917-1956. There are 11 books, 8 publications, 2 miscellaneous typed reports, and one expandable report binder. Some notable content includes materials from the International Mine Conference held in Poland in 1981, assorted State Annual Reports, a cost/benefit analysis of Deep Mine Federal Safety Legislation and Enforcement from 1980, and information about actions to weaken the Mine Health \u0026 Safety Act and Underground Coal Mine Ventilation Standards in the 1980s.","This box contains Congressional Record issues related to the passage of the Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969, as well as miscellaneous publications related to energy, mine safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. The Congressional Record issues and Federal Register have some notations, presumably added by JDM. Also included are assorted publications relating to Energy, Mine Safety \u0026 Health and miscellaneous topics. There are 10 books, one comb-bound book, one volume of the WV Law Review (the national coal issue, Vol. 85 No. 4), 5 government publications, two misc. non-bound books/professional publications.","This box contains WV law review publications, mainly the West Virginia Law Review scattered issues from 1973-1984 and 1993, and other law review publications that contain articles written or co-written by JDM. Of note, included in this box are copies of The National Coal Issue of the WV law review published in assorted years, as well as other law reviews from Kentucky and other states, in which JDM contributed articles.","This box contains several publications, including U.S. Supreme Court Procedural Guides, United Mine Workers Journals, and binders of collected district court records.","This box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation . The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite .","This box contains 19 vinyl records in sleeves and one book, the Joan Baez Songbook. Some of the music in the book and on these albums is about or connected to labor organizations, miners, and Appalachia in general. One notable album contains the recording of MLK Jr.'s \"I Have a Dream\" speech. Many of the musical albums have \"Monongah 1907\" handwritten on their covers, which most likely means they were used in the making of the film.","This box contains various publications on international mining, mining safety, and occupational safety and health.","This box contains 26 publications on mining safety and the mining industry. Contents include a collection of historic state mine reports, Department of the Interior publications, International Labor Office (ILO) mine safety training reports, and other miscellaneous publications, mostly related to coal mining.","This box contains various original and facsimile publications on the coal industry and other miscellaneous topics. There are 13 publications in this box, as noted. Two of them (the WV Practice Handbooks) are enormous 3-ring binders.","This box contains 3 binders and 3 loose issues of publications/journals related to Mining Safety and Health. Materials include 2 binders and 3 loose issues of Mine Regulation Reporter dated from August 1991 to July 1993, and one binder of Mine Injuries and Worktime Quarterly issues dated from January 1986 to March 1992.","The publications in this box consist of mining health and safety reports, mining injury reports, occupational safety and health reports, and some WV and mining law publications.","This box contains primarily publications related to MSHA and mining safety. There are a few unpublished (typewritten) reports on mining safety issues and miscellaneous papers on similar subjects but the content is mostly books, manuals, journals, and published government documents.","This box contains published government reports about coal mining and related topics. There are 40 publications in this box, as listed.","This box contains various publications related to mining safety, including government reports, journals, and newsletters.","This box contains congressional records of committee hearings, reports, and acts from 1952 to 1991. The bulk of them are from the late 1970s and 1980s. Topics covered include energy, coal mining, and occupational safety and health. Also includes a few clippings.","This box contains publications and papers on mine safety and international labor law. Materials include binders of collected notes, journals, magazines, government publications, books, pamphlets, and other miscellaneous publications. Many of these materials are about South African labor issues. One binder contains information about Chinese labor relations.","This box includes publications, reports, papers, and a manual on mining safety and health, occupational safety and health, and related topics.","This box contains 32 various publications covering the coal industry, steelworkers, occupational safety, and other broadly related topics. The box also includes 20 folded West Virginia Landslide Study maps published in 1976 by the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey and the director and State Geologist at the time, Robert B. Erwin. One of the books in the box, West Virginia Landslides and Slide-Prone Areas , is meant to accompany these maps.","This box contains publications on occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and other miscellaneous topics. Most are congressional hearing and report publications.","This set consists of two boxes of congressional hearing and report publications. Box A contains 18, box B contains 14.","The contents of this box appear to be material used for informational and research purposes. They are primarily MESA and Bureau of Mines reports and books. Also included is an envelope of photojournalist Earl Dotter's sample materials.","This box contains 32 publications related to occupational safety and health, mining safety, and the coal mining industry.","This box includes papers and publications covering coal mining, mining safety, WV law, and occupational safety \u0026 health. The papers include correspondence from publishers and authors that would have been sent with the materials and some unbound reports. JDM presumably used these materials for research purposes. [Is it worth giving this box an improved title?] This box contains a more detailed box list which includes the names of all documents and publications found inside. I am leaving this one inside the box but removing the one that says \"various books\" following the problem of locating a similar detailed contents list in a previously reviewed box. These materials are fine being housed as they are. A few related papers not listed (including the contents list and some correspondence) should be placed into a letter-sized folder to prevent potential damage. Total 20 items and one folder.","These materials consist of books and other publications that cover coal mining, mining safety, and occupational safety. There are some notable ones, such as a book called Faces: The Toll of the Workplace Death on American Families by Joseph Kinney, which contains a personal note to JDM from the author on the title page, and a report on the Wilburg Mining Disaster, which relates to content in other boxes.","This box contains various publications about land ownership in the Appalachian region.","This box consists of 20 publications related to occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and mining safety. Formats include government reports, pamphlets, books, plays, atlases, and other miscellaneous publications.","This box contains publications related to occupational safety and health and other miscellaneous topics. No donor-provided box list for this one. I counted 48 publications, including small pamphlets, government documents, journals, and books. There are also two typed reports in this box and some related papers in the Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-1969(at the top of the box). Topics primarily cover occupational safety and health, but there are some outliers, for example, the book about cancer mortality and a copy of The Doonesbury Chronicles (comic collection) from 1975.","This is a 2-volume set of hardcover encyclopedias published by the International Labor Office, edited by Luigi Parmeggiani, and revised in 1983.","This box consists of miscellaneous publications, including items that pertain to Perdue. Some materials are related to occupational safety and health in other fields, occupational safety and health legal defense, general worker protection, agricultural history, WV history, and environmental science.","This series of boxes contains content collected by JDM when he assisted in the support and recovery in New York City after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, and researched and worked on plans for future emergency and disaster response with the Office of Homeland Security and other related organizations in the period shortly afterward. Some mine rescue safety information is included in this content, as it pertains to Homeland Security, emergency rescue, and disaster response procedure. Formats consist of reports, training and curriculum materials, photographs, audio-visual material, publications, clippings, notes and other research material, correspondence, and other miscellaneous related materials.","This box contains reports, media, clippings, training manuals, equipment information, and correspondence related to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in NYC on 9-11-2001. Also included is information on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains materials related to JDM's work from 2001-2004. Formats include correspondence, publications, clippings, printed emails and internet articles, travel records, pamphlets, maps, facsimiles of publications, and other miscellaneous materials. Topics include a coal impoundment project, occupational health and safety, international travel and research, and more.","This box includes chronological files for JDM and OSHLC dated from May 1, 1993, to November 19, 1993. OSHLC Chronological Files from box 193 were moved into this box. This box also contains material related to general mining injuries and deaths, such as fatality reports, manuals, correspondence, lists, and other miscellaneous papers. Also included are sales records from 1991 for the Monongah 1907 film, and various safety manuals that JDM produced. Monongah mining disaster files and sales records from box 193 were moved to this box.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt","English \n. "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4219","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6253"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"collection_ssim":["J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creator_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"creators_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of McAteer, J. Davitt, 2017-2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents "],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - Safety.","Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, W. Va., 2010","Industrial safety","Coal mines and mining -- Safety measures","Coal mines and mining -- Safety regulations","Industrial accidents","Coal mine accidents "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["325.35 Linear Feet (181 records cartons, 15 in. each); (10 records cartons, 17 in. each); (27 map boxes, 6 in. each); (1 map box, 5 in.); (1 map box, 6.5 in.); (6 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (26 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (7 flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 2.5 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (3 artifact boxes, 6.5 in. each); (1 oversize artifact box, 12 in.); (4 unboxed oversize posters, 0.5 in. total); (12 unboxed oversize mining implements, 48 ft. 10.25 in. total); (1 unboxed oversize office chair, 1 ft. 7.5 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["325.35 Linear Feet (181 records cartons, 15 in. each); (10 records cartons, 17 in. each); (27 map boxes, 6 in. each); (1 map box, 5 in.); (1 map box, 6.5 in.); (6 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (26 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (7 flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 2.5 in.); (2 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (2 flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (3 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (3 artifact boxes, 6.5 in. each); (1 oversize artifact box, 12 in.); (4 unboxed oversize posters, 0.5 in. total); (12 unboxed oversize mining implements, 48 ft. 10.25 in. total); (1 unboxed oversize office chair, 1 ft. 7.5 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePart of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restrictions apply to the following boxes:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines. Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRestrictions apply to the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment before visiting.","This collection includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Special access restrictions apply to the following boxes:","Box 59b is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (thru 2086). ","Box 121 is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (latest 2086), except for the health records which will be open after 100 years of creation (2086 and 3011), per WVRHC policy, which is as follows:","\"Records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) that do not have separate donor restrictions will be restricted until the death of the donor, assumed to be 75 years from date of record creation. Users may complete the Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. ","The WVRHC restricts medical records in all collections, regardless of whether that collection was created by a covered entity, according to HIPAA Privacy Rule guidelines. Records will be restricted 100 years from the date of creation unless an individual grants permission to access the record or the WVRHC is given proof of death that occurred in excess of 50 years prior to the date of request. Researchers collecting summary data may be granted limited access to personal medical information if they submit an Access Request Form and are approved.\"","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from McAteer's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.","This series includes audiovisual and born-digital content that has not yet been reformatted. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Restrictions apply to the following:","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation. This subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 190, Sago box 2 of 4, contains PII in the folder labeled Sago Family Lists. Researchers can sign our form to use the material in aggregate; the restriction can be lifted 75 years from the date of creation. Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access. Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 150, Miscellaneous Material from JDM's MSHA Work (Part 1), contains restricted material, possibly including PII and financial information. Please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center to request access.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access. Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Audiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Box 136, Center for Law and Social Policy Chronological Files, contains at least one Social Security Number (in folder 2); please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center in advance to request access.","This subseries includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This box includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","This folder includes audiovisual and born-digital content. Researchers may access these materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access born-digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addendum was reboxed but the original order of files was maintained, and so reflects the donor's arrangement, labeling, and inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original order was maintained and the donor's original folder titles were used. Subseries are derived from the donor-provided contents list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original order was maintained when possible and the donor's original folder titles, where provided, were used.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This addendum was reboxed but the original order of files was maintained, and so reflects the donor's arrangement, labeling, and inventory.","The original order was maintained and the donor's original folder titles were used. Subseries are derived from the donor-provided contents list.","The original order was maintained when possible and the donor's original folder titles, where provided, were used."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Adapted from \"Coal: Powering Our Future.\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20180823180538/https://www.bowlesrice.com/media/vision/23_vv_Summer10_LR.pdf.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Davitt McAteer has devoted much of his professional efforts to mine health and safety issues, including efforts to enact the landmark 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts. In the 1970s, Mr. McAteer led the safety and health programs of the United Mine Workers and founded the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center. He is a former assistant secretary for Mine Safety and Health at the United States Department of Labor (1993-2000) and also served nearly two years as the Acting Solicitor for the Department of Labor. He has also served as Vice President of Sponsored Programs and Interim President at Wheeling Jesuit University, where he lead several national centers that impact economic development, education and mine safety.","In April 2010, West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin appointed Mr. McAteer to conduct an investigation into the explosion that killed 29 miners at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County, West Virginia. Governor Manchin also appointed Mr. McAteer to investigate the Sago Mine Disaster and the Aracoma Alma No. 1 Mine Fire in 2006. Two of the produced reports included recommendations to improve mine safety in West Virginia and across the nation.","Mr. McAteer is the author of Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, The Worst Industrial Accident in U.S. History, which was awarded the 2008 Bronze Prize for history in the Independent Publishers Book Awards. He is the recipient of the 2008 David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health by the American Public Health Association.","(Adapted from \"Coal: Powering Our Future.\" Views and Visions: A publication of Bowles Rice McDavid Graff and Love LLP. Summer 2010. Accessed January 22, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20180823180538/https://www.bowlesrice.com/media/vision/23_vv_Summer10_LR.pdf.)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, A\u0026amp;M 4219, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], J. Davitt McAteer Papers regarding Mining Safety, A\u0026M 4219, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 2024, material was removed and returned to the donor. Contents was reboxed to eliminate empty space; citations from prior to this date may have incorrect box and folder information. Box 111a is also intentionally missing folders 3 and 5.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Due to returning material to the donor, boxes 80a-c and 115 are no longer in the collection.","In April 2024, material was removed and returned to the donor. Contents was reboxed to eliminate empty space; citations from prior to this date may have incorrect box and folder information. Box 111a is also intentionally missing folders 3 and 5."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at \u003ca href=\"https://www.msha.gov/data-reports/upper-big-branch-mine-south-performance-coal-company\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eUpper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Mine Safety and Health Administration has made available data and reports pertaining to the Upper Big Branch mine disaster investigation at Upper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety. A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTopics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries Include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007 \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, reports, legal files, research papers, publications, and other material regarding occupational and mining safety, United States occupational and mining rules and regulations, American and international occupational and mining accidents, black lung and white lung diseases, project proposals and fundraising, international mining safety and trips (including those to South Africa and Europe), health and safety manuals, labor unions, and other such topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes research, publications, and other material regarding American mine disasters and accidents, including the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], and other earlier disasters. This series mainly consists of material on the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, as McAteer was appointed head independent investigator of the Governor's Independent Investigative Panel by Governor Joe Manchin soon after the disaster. For detailed maps created during this investigation, please see Series 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110). See also the letter in Series 13.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of books, booklets, binders, and other publications regarding occupational and mining safety, occupational and mining history, occupational and mining disasters and accidents, union strikes and history, West Virginia history, and other such topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of VHS cassettes, audiocassettes, and other audio/visual material regarding mining and occupational safety and other topics. Many tapes of \"Appalshop,\" a documentary program focusing on Appalachian culture and history, are available, as well as recordings of interviews made by McAteer on mining safety and mine disasters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of various artifacts regarding mining safety, mining history, unions, and other such topics, including photographs, posters, awards, commemorative coins, and other such objects. Notable objects include a set of seal presses and seal press plates from various local chapters of the United Mine Workers of America, and a set of commemorative neckties from various mining organizations in the United Kingdom. See series 12 for an additional artifact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of oversize artifacts, including international mine safety posters, a set of late 19th century-early 20th century mining implements, and an office chair owned by John L. Lewis, union activist and former President of the United Mine Workers of America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes maps of West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and other states used by the Miners for Democracy to display voting locations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of maps and some photographs created during the investigation of the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010] and a few maps of the Aracoma Alma Mine accident [2006]. The descriptions of the maps are based on transcriptions of text found on the maps themselves, including location codes, mapping team names, dates, and sometimes labels. Other than the transcribed text used for description, there is little or no additional textual content on most of these maps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to McAteer:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe maps are the result of a project to map the explosion of the Upper Big Branch Mine in 2010. The mapping involved an analysis of charcol resulting from the explosion of the coal to determine direction, speed, and force of the explosion. The maps are dated by when an investigation was conducted on a section of the mine represented by a map.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe alpha-numerics associated with the maps correlate to the\nMSHA (Mine Safety and Health Administration) report of the\nUpper Big Branch explosion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere were four teams conducting the investigation which took place over 10 months, 12 hours per day. Each day maps (of where the explosion occurred) were prepared for the teams, which met briefly in the morning at 6am. During the physical investigation, evidence was recorded onto the maps showing the results of flame and explosion. There are accompanying pictures to the report. The accumulated evidence formed the basis of the MSHA report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of papers, correspondence, publications, and other material from McAteer's time as Vice President of Special Programs at Wheeling Jesuit University. Topics include the HEALTHeWV and HEALTHeSTATES programs, the Coal Impoundment Program and Community Alert program, the Wheeling Jesuit International Mining Health and Safety Symposium, and other such topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include research for McAteer's book on the Monongah Mine Disaster, Mine Safety and Health Administration binders, news articles and other works written by McAteer, research on the Buffalo Creek Mine Disaster, material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969), assorted papers and correspondence, material regarding Campaign Continental, and a folder of photo tapes and audiocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains materials pertaining to a Coal Mine Health and Safety Study of 1969, including research materials, correspondence, notes, and related clippings that were collected and organized by J. Davitt McAteer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series, labelled Miscellaneous Assortment by the donor, includes various correspondence sent from and received by J. Davitt McAteer, collected articles, newsletters, and clippings related to his professional and personal activities, and other miscellaneous papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes assorted clippings and correspondence related to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), several ring-bound collections of mining safety articles and training materials, and various awards given to J. Davitt McAteer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Negotiated Rule Making Covering Sand and Gravel Industries with the National Stone Association. Note: Remarkable Endeavor Because Negotiated Rulemaking Did Not Happen\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes materials related to Campaign Continental and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes materials related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of research materials and clippings related to Hawaii and American Samoa environmental issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of research materials, notes, clippings, and correspondence related to the Buffalo Creek and Monongah Mine Disasters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include papers related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); United Mine Workers' Association records; Mine Safety and Health Administration press, correspondence, and other related materials; news articles and other publications by McAteer; papers related to the Miners' Manual; mining maps and posters; research material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969); assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding Campaign Continental; and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining safety.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of a French miner's shirt that might have come from McAteer's visit to the site of the successor mine to Courrières, the largest French mining disaster, as a union gift. See series 3 for additional artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of a letter from Donald Blankenship to then-President Donald Trump regarding the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster investigation, copies of which were shared with several other individuals including J. Davitt McAteer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of 5 letters written to writer Phil Primack in the early 1970s. Three are signed by WV Rep. Ken Hechler. One is from former UMWA president Arnold Miller. One is signed \"Ed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include documents related to McAteer's work with the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), including reports, correspondence, and other related materials; books, manuals, and other publications; papers related to the Miners' Manual and other industrial safety manuals along with related draft, research, and publication materials; occupational health and safety studies; occupational injury, illness, and fatality reports; assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding McAteer's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP); and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining and other industrial health and safety issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable organizations mentioned (and their abbreviations, if any): Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU), Consolidation Coal Company, Inc., CONSOL, Purdue, Inc., the West Virginia Humanities Council, the United States Department of Labor (DOL), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the North Carolina Labor Department, Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Energy (DOE), International Labor Office (ILO), Caterpillar, Inc., World Bank, Council of the Southern Mountains, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, Association of Trial Lawyers of America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable individuals in content: Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, William Clinton, Earl Dotter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable subjects: China, South Africa, World Trade Center, Ground Zero, 9/11/01, WVU Law School, Textile Industry, Mushroom Workers, Formaldehyde, Black Lung, Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs), Tug River Valley Petition, Surface Mine Control Reclamation Act (SMCRA), Labor History, mining accident and injury reports, Appalachian music, labor- and coal industry-related recordings, Sago, Wilburg, Rushton, Monongah. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThs sub-series consists of files collected and organized during JDM's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). They consist of chronological files of correspondence and other documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese boxes contain chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThs sub-series contains materials related to International Labor Law, in some cases specifically international mining safety. Materials include but are not limited to correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, receipts, materials collected for research, travel documentation, publications, and other miscellaneous documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials about South African mine safety and health, and includes South African Miners Manual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials related to JDM's travel in connection with international labor law and mining safety and health research, funded by the German Marshall Fund. This research led to the publication of law review articles in WVU and other law school publications. Topics include labor regulations in surface and other types of mining in the following locations: Indonesia, Italy, England and Great Britain, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Russia, Belgium, Schwandorf and Germany, Romania, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Geneva, India, and New Zealand. Formats include travel itineraries, correspondence, notes, travel journals, clippings, expense reports, receipts, publications, and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of publications and papers related to JDM's study of international labor relations, occupational safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. This box includes 6 binders; one is published OSHA regulation documentation, one contains collected materials about Hazard Communication Standards, and the rest (4) contain typed or handwritten notes. This box also includes international labor journals and other publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of materials related to JDM's work on cases of workplace safety at two Perdue chicken processing plants, one in North Carolina and one in Oklahoma. The NC Perdue issue occurred between 1990-1992. On 3-Sept-1991 in Hamlet, NC, a chicken processing plant caught fire, which resulted in 25 employee deaths. McAteer co-wrote an article about the incident for \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eA Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e. The Oklahoma Perdue issue involved employees reporting possible product and local environmental contamination, employee illness, and livestock death as a result of company use of vaccinations and chemicals at processing plants and farms. Content formats consist of documents related to court proceedings, articles and clippings, research materials and notes, correspondence, reports, publications, and other miscellaneous materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials related to Perdue court proceedings in Oklahoma, including reports, articles and clippings, and correspondence. There are also some materials related to the NC Perdue lawsuits, as well as information about poultry workers in general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes documentation related to legal proceedings against Perdue, primarily legal files documenting the case of John C. Brooks, Commissioner of Labor of North Carolina vs. Perdue Farms, Inc. This court case was presented to the Safety and Health Review Board of North Carolina, and JDM acted as the complainant's legal counsel under the OSHLC. Also included are other miscellaneous papers related to the poultry industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of primarily loose books, booklets, and binders of information related to practicing law in NC at both state and federal level, publications from the NC Dept of Labor related to Occupational Safety and Health, and binders containing info about inspections conducted by USDA. Also includes two sets of documents, one is the court report of Brooks Vs. Perdue et al. and one is the Perdue Trauma Disorder Prevention \u0026amp; Management Program report. Presumably this was all information used by JDM to research and prepare for his role (as representative of OSHLC) in court proceedings in NC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of files related to the Monongah mining disaster and film and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from McClure to Zanesville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Galloway to McAteer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of papers related to the Monongah 1907 film produced by JDM and includes materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Bibliography to Young.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster, including copies of newpaper clippings, interviews, and images. This box also contains papers that pertain to the creation of the Monongah 1907 film, including as acknowledgments and correspondence. Materials were organized alphabetically by the donor, from Acknowledgements to Future Research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains papers and photographs that the donor collected and used for research and other aspects of the creation of the 1984 film \u003ctitle\u003eMonongah 1907\u003c/title\u003e. Types of papers include facsimiles of newspapers, government reports, typed copies of the movie's narrator script, photographs and artist works used in the film, handwritten notes, and tick lists, which are checklists of things to be done (or ticked off) in relation to the creation of a film.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 174 consists of 7 Umatic videocassettes, 4 Ampex magnetic tape film reels (1 inch?), and 1 Scotch 3M magnetic tape Master film reel of the Monongah 1907 movie and related promotional material. There is a contents list within the box listing 23 A/V items, which equals the total contents of boxes 172, 173, and 174. Box 172 consists of 5 (1 inch?) film reels: 2 Scotch 3M, 1 Ampex, 1 Sony, 1 Fuji. Box 173 consists of 2 small and 1 large magentic audio recording tapes and 3 Ampex (1 inch?) magnetic tape film reels. These items are all related to the Monongah 1907 movie about the mining disaster and its associated promotional material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series of boxes contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006. There are 3 CD-Rs in this box; all appear to be promotional material for mining safety equipment provided by companies to JDM. This content is similar to boxes 24 a \u0026amp; b: printed email correspondence, printed web content, newspapers and clippings, and handwritten notes. Notable content: a 3-ring binder containing the statement under oath from Randal McCloy, Jr., the only survivor of the Sago mine disaster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe boxes in this series include material related to mining disasters in Orangeville, Utah; Pittston, Pennsylvania; Buffalo Creek; and Tug Valley, WV. There is also some material related to mining disasters and fatalities in general, as well as mining policy and regulations and other miscellaneous content. This material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, notes, binders, publications such as government documents, court proceedings, magazines, newsletters, and books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials collected and arranged in binders by JDM, including court documents, reports, and research material related to the Buffalo Creek mining disaster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents and publications related to the Tug River flood, including hydrology reports, maps, clippings, \u0026amp; government documents. No donor-provided folder list but this box is all foldered and labeled with the exception of one unfoldered book at the front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents related to the Tug River flood and petition, including reports, correspondence, clippings, \u0026amp; government documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1979, the Tug Valley Petition was filed on behalf of citizens in its first ever designated filing, JDM and The Center for Law and Social Policy filed such a petition which ultimately failed, but established the first set of rules for such a designation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains mining safety and Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)-related materials, such as reports, publications, clippings, correspondence, and other related content pertaining to MSHA, JDM's work regarding mining safety, and associated projects. Also included is information about the Mine Safety and Health Act, various reports on mining accidents and fatalities, and content related to mining disasters. Other materials in this sub-series include content related to JDM's research and work to provide legal defense in cases related to mining safety; mining safety manual creation materials and safety training documentation, including additional material related to the Miner's Manual publication; material pertaining to SCSRs, policy covering their use, and associated court cases; material from JDM's travel for research into international mining safety policy; information on Black Lung and other mining-related respiratory illness and injury; and various mine accident investigations and inquiries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains a miscellaneous assortment of materials related to JDM's work with MSHA and the UMWA. Covered topics include but are not limited to Cost Cutting Reductions/Downsizing, Borehole Post Sealing Recovery Plan - Galatia South, UMWA- Black Lung Conference 10/1996, Accident Investigation Report - Fatal Powered Haulage Accident 5/16/1996, Department Of Labor- Employment Standards Administration - proposed rule, North Carolina Geological Survey- Bulletin #4 - Road Materials and Road Construction in North Carolina - 1893, Final Report- Surface Haulage Truck Accident Trends; most of the material is not foldered. Formats include reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains material related to the Rushton Mining Company and the Rushton Project (1972-1976). The Rushton Quality of Work Project attempted to improve Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health as well as Labor Relations in an experiment sanctioned by the Coal Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health Act of 1969 - which permitted the Union \u0026amp; Company to suspend traditional labor and contract laws as well as certain provisions of the Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health Act of 1969 and to experiment with a cooperative negotiation-based agreement. This occurred at the Rushton Mine in Pennsylvania and JDM was the Chief UMWA National Officer involved. \nAlso included in this box is research on the Sunshine Mining Company in Idaho and a disaster that occurred there in May of 1972. The Sunshine Mining Company was a silver mine in Kellogg, Idaho; JDM researched this incident during his work with Ralph Nader and afterward provided testimony to House of Representatives Select Subcommittee on Labor members in support of mine safety reform. Other miscellaneous files related to additional research conducted by JDM on mining employee safety and health are also included. These papers include clippings, reports, correspondence, government documents, court documents, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains papers related to MSHA including correspondence, reports, publications, bulletins, clippings, photos, and negatives. The photos and negatives are in the folder labeled Farmington - General. There are also some misc. papers unrelated to MSHA. The donor originally labeled this box JDM Mine Safety Work Pre-passage of the 1969 Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health Act and Implementation of that Act. It also includes material on his study of the Farmington disaster, his education, the Federal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1977, legal cases for the UMWA, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 18 U-matic videotapes produced by the Mine Safety and Health Administration of the US Dept. of Labor, and two publications by the same. These materials cover various training topics and are dated from 1963 to 1987. The video publication dates range from 1963 to 1983, and the booklets were published between 1985 and 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials related to the Wilburg Mining Disaster in Orangeville, Utah. Notes from donor: \"Company was attempting to set a production record, air compressor unsafe, MSHA complicit, JDM report.\" Documents on other mining fatalities, injuries, and disasters are also included. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, notes, clippings, safety plans and amendments, witness statements and court testimony, MSHA fatal mining accident reports of 1982, and other government agency and organization reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains court records and related documents on miners' need for Self-Contained Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) as part of their workplace safety provisions. Contents include Pittson Mine Disaster reports, litigation records, publications, and binders for the US Court of Appeals case: Council of the Southern Mountains, Inc., et al. (CSM) v. Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary of Labor, Eckehard Muessig, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Labor, and MSHA, and case: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Donovan, et al., all related to the provision of SCSRs to mining employees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese boxes contains correspondence, reports, and other papers related to explosives and blasting research and litigation, court proceedings, and other MSHA dealings. Pertains to JDM's work during his time at the Center for Law and Social Policy. Includes some internal CLASP administrative documents. Notable contents include JDM's letter dated 11/7/1983 concerning the Safety and Detonations and Blasting units and 12/12/1983 Asst. Sec. Zegeer's reply and a related Kentucky court case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese boxes contains material related to a trip JDM took to China July 11-August 3, 1980. The purpose of the trip was for various representatives from miners' unions and mining-related government entities to learn about mining health and safety initiatives in China and bring that knowledge back to the U.S. Papers include correspondence, a travel journal, expense reports, trip planning documentation, pamphlets and small publications, maps, posters, reports, and clippings. There are some papers in Chinese script.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material includes miscellaneous papers related to MSHA creation and action. It is a combination of facsimiles and original reports, government publications, correspondence, handwritten notes, and miscellaneous papers and publications. Highlights include material on SCSRs, pentachlorophenol, MSHA accountability program, mine law history, and various MSHA/OSHA and NIOSH work. Also included are MSHA policy manual memos and MSHA reports on AC\u0026amp;C Analysis, Foot and Leg Injuries, Women Miner Fatals, and Accident Stats from 1983-1986 .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's mining safety work in the 1990s and early 2000s. Includes government reports, financial documentation, correspondence, conference materials, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous research materials related to mining safety, mining disasters, and miners' legal defense. Materials include testimony for miners' widows' rights, UMWA safety publications, correspondence, and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents about mining safety litigation. JDM was involved as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, which represented mine workers' interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains correspondence related to miscellaneous MSHA policies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains photos, stickers, scrapbooks, and other memorabilia related to mining safety events and travel that JDM participated in in the 1980s and 1990s. Some items of note: photos and albums, mine safety stickers, a white binder of mine tour photos, with the first half of the binder Mine tour with Secretary Alexis Herman-and the second half of the binder: Mine tour Secretary of the Department of Labor, Robert Reich, U.S. Mine Delegation, China, 1980, Mining Tour, U.S. China Friendship Association, in which J. Davitt McAteer was the lead delegate, the National Mine Health and Safety Academy in Beckley, WV - South Africans' visit, Delegation from Mine Safety Division, Ministry of Internation trade and Industry, 11/7/94, Delegation from Japan Assoc. for Security of Explosives, Tokyo, 11/4/94, Delegation from Kazakhstan, 10/26/94, Holms Safety Meeting, Fairmont, WV - 83rd National Safety Council Congress and Exposition Certificate of Excellence, video tape of WBOY TV from labor Day Speech at Marion County Historical Museum, Chili - Copper Mine, Russia - MSHA Delegation 1998, 11/2/99 Caballo Mine, Gillette WY, 11/3/99 Spring Creek Decker, MT, Decker Mine, 11/4/99, Black Thunder Mine, Wright WY, Buckskin Mine, Gillette WY, Geneva, Switzerland, Mine Safety Conference 1997/1998, and many other miscellaneous photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous materials considered \"inactive\" by the donor, related to JDM's role as the Assistant Secretary of Labor for the Mine Safety and Health Administration, other aspects of his professional life within MSHA, and his time as Solicitor for the Department of Labor. A notable item in this box is a resignation letter from JDM to former president William Clinton. Other notable names and subjects include Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, The Department of Labor, World Bank, Black Lung, Caterpillar, Inc., Department of Energy, and OSHA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials that relate the the creation of MSHA and amendments of mining safety and regulatory policy. Additional highlights include material on the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 and its implementation, ventilation in mines, MSHA regulations and revisions of 1986, etc. The material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, drafts of speeches, handwritten notes, legal documentation, and other miscellaneous papers. There is one cassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains litigation materials concerning self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs). Materials include court documents from the US Court of Appeals -Third Circuit- Case No. 81-2016: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Secretary of Labor and Council of the Southern Mountains \u0026amp; UMWA. During this case, between 1980-1981, JDM acted as counsel for the intervenor, Counsel of Southern Mountains. This litigation resulted in a decision that required the Department of Labor (MSHA) to promulgate regulations requiring SCSRs to be placed in U.S. Coal Mines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains reports from the Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), part of the US Dept of Labor. They contain fatal mining accident reports of incidents in 1979, 1980, and 1982 produced and compiled by MSHA. There are also Metal and Non-metal fatal accident reports from 1971-1980. Also included is a small envelope labeled \"microfiche fatalities from MSHA\" containing five sets of microfiche for each year of fatal accident reports from 1973-1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese boxes consist of government publications of the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA) mining fatality reports spanning the years 1975-1976. These reports cover January-May of 1975 and January through December of 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains coal company ranking files, including related reports, notes, correspondence, press releases, and clippings, from 1986-1993. OSHLC released these annual coal company safety rankings based on data they collected on mine safety and health for underground and surface mine companies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 4 binders of MSHA metal and non-metal mining injury and accident reports\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous reports and publications related to mining safety and health. Materials include a report of investigation for underground coal mine explosions at the Scotia Mine on March 9 and 11, 1976, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission reports, C.F.R. Updates in the Federal Register (MSHA proposed rule), Department Of Labor MSHA 30 CFR Parts 56, 57, 58, 70, 71, 72, 75 and 90 Air Quality, Chemical Substances, and Respiratory Protection Standards reports, and the New Multinational Monitor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains binders and publications that pertain to mining fatalities, mining safety, mining regulations, and other miscellaneous topics. Formats include books, reports, magazines and newsletters, government documents, and indexes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains chronological correspondence and other documentation pertaining to JDM's mining safety work with the UMWA in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains three binders containing reports of the Federal Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health Review Commission proceedings, from the Office of Administrative Law Judges dated between 1978 and 1980. Also included is a binder labeled Coal Briefs Index to Subject and Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 3 binders that contain information related to OSHA litigation, and two smaller binders that contain information about mining safety and health and black lung disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains an envelope from a printing company containing a publication proof for the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese boxes contain very meticulous notes and printed research material regarding MSHA rules on mining safety. It looks like each folder pertains to a chapter of the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThs sub-series consists of materials related to JDM's work in miners' legal defense, particularly with the UMWA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains mainly correspondence but other formats include publications, clippings, financial records, and legal documentation. These materials reflect JDM's work as part of CLASP and other occupational safety and mining industry organizations, including the Miner's Legal Defense Fund, The Council of the Southern Mountains, the U.S. Department of the Interior, and the UMWA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series focuses on the broader topic of occupational safety and health in various industries with which JDM worked throughout his career, as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center, and the federal government's Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Much of this work was specifically related to occupational health and safety in the coal mining industry, but various other industries are represented in this content, including textile production, mushroom growing and processing, poultry processing, and more. Materials related to travel abroad for the purpose of researching, writing about, and proposing policy changes based on international labor practices and occupational health and safety policies around the world are included in this sub-series. Also included are materials related to JDM's work to provide legal counsel for individuals and groups in various industries against corporations and the resulting legal proceedings for the protection of workers. Other notable content is labor history course curriculum created by JDM in collaboration with the WV Humanities Council, various workplace injury and fatality reports, information on the effects of formaldehyde and other causes of work-related respiratory illness and injury, and material on migrant employees' workplace conditions. Notable organizations mentioned and their abbreviations: the United States Department of Labor (DOL), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). Formats include clippings, articles, publications, facsimiles of articles and other publications, government reports, travel planning documents, receipts, travel journals, notes, correspondence, photographs, and other miscellaneous materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the late 1980s through the early 1990s and his endeavor to create a school curriculum related to the topic with the National Humanities Council. JDM was working with the OSHLC at the time, and this was a joint project between the NHC and OSHLC. This box also includes information about the WV Humanities Council, and sample grades for week one of the developmental course. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, images, and other miscellaneous documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the 1990s and his work to create a school curriculum related to the topic for the National Humanities Council. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents. Additional topics include A B Normal White Centers information, which the donor described as a fraudulent scheme on the part of the coal industry to produce coal dust samples to comply with the legal requirements; historical articles about company stores; and Mother Jones.[If the folder titles are really topics instead, feel free to remove them as folders and add them to the SC note. ]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains material related to occupational health and safety, focusing primarily on mining safety. Materials include information about training, projects, and proposals on topics such as coal slurry, coal impoundment, void detection, diesel, and off-road rules, as well as reports, including the Underground Mine Fatality Investigation Report of the Spartan Mining Company. Formats include clippings, publications, notes, correspondence, reports, training materials, and other related documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains material about the textile industry and other related occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, publications, and copies of publications of supreme court cases and other legal briefs, professional publications, original manual drafts, and other miscellaneous materials. These materials were used in creating the \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eTextile Health and Safety Manual\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e (1985) written by JDM during his career at the OSHLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains material related to the textile industry, the chemical industry, and other occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, survey data, and other miscellaneous documents. These materials comprised research, backup documentation, and drafts for two safety manuals written by JDM; one for textile worker health and safety, titled \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eTextile Health and Safety Manual: A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e, and one for chemical hazards. The latter, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eChemical Hazards: A Guide to the New Federal Hazard Communication Regulations\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e, was written in cooperation with Dale Lawson and published by Pilgrim Press in 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials related to researching and creating safety manuals for textile industry workers. Most of the content of this box consists of information about cotton dust and its hazards. Also included are some miscellaneous materials and health and safety manual drafts for mushroom workers and chemical workers. Formats include published copies of manuals, drafts, and typed originals, clippings, reports, notes, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials. There is other material related to the mushroom workers manual in box 113.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents related to court proceedings regarding formaldehyde exposure as an occupational hazard. JDM represented ACTWU (Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union) in his role at the OSHLC. The DC Circuit Court and the US Supreme Court reviewed employee risk and proposed protections, including the Medical Removal Protection (MRP) mentioned in the donor's notes. (These are benefits offered to employees who have been removed from the workplace for medical reasons due to exposure.) Other organizations involved include NIOSH, OSHA, NCI (National Cancer Institute), and various other workers' unions. [This is great!]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes a portion of JDM's chronological files (mostly correspondence) from his work at the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 16 comb-bound court brief publications, two volumes of the federal register from Friday, December 4, 1987, and miscellaneous documents. The documents include handwritten notes, reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials related to Occupational Safety and Health Law Center work regarding the formaldehyde standard, industry regulations to determine acceptable levels of employee exposure to formaldehyde in the workplace.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents related to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) hazardous waste safety training program. Formats include clippings, handwritten notes, correspondence, comb-bound publications, reports, pamphlets, journals, training course materials, and other related documents and publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains documents related to OSHLC projects, including reports, publications, notes, correspondence, clippings, and other miscellaneous material. There is a handwritten list of the contents from the donor in the front of the box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this box consist of court reports and other documents related to federal litigation regarding medical removal protection (MRP) for sensitized workers under OSHA protection from formaldehyde exposure in a US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit case No. 87-1748 September 22, 1989. JDM and the OSHLC represented the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU). Also includes multiple sets of documents pertaining to case 87-1743, involving unions and petitions for reviewing a revised government standard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains legal cases, manuals, other documents, and publications related to work-related respiratory injury and disease, including black lung. Also included are two binders of research on black lung labeled \"J.C. Materials,\" most likely a reference to John Colwell from Yale Law School, whose name was on the inside cover of one of the binders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains the records of an Occupational Health and Safety case in which JDM was the attorney of record (in his role as director of the OSHLC). The case involved an employee named Pepe Mestres reporting unsafe working conditions at a Department of Energy nuclear energy facility in Savannah, GA.\nThis box also contains miscellaneous documents that pertain to OSHA and OSHLC projects, including OSHA reform, dated between 1990-1993. These materials cover primarily occupational safety and health topics. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, expense reports, government proposals, reports, and clippings. They seem to have been collected as part of JDM's work at OSHLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains research material related to migrant workers' occupational safety and health, specifically in agriculture. Formats include clippings, reports, publications, correspondence, notes, and other miscellaneous documents. It seems to have been collected as part of JDM's work at the OSHLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in these boxes consist of books, reports, and speeches covering occupational health and the coal industry in Appalachia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials include publications and papers related to occupational safety and health. The papers consist of reports, grant materials, correspondence, and testimony. Publications include newsletters, books, government publications, and manuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains papers that pertain to the research for and creation of the Mushroom Workers Manual. The actual manual is not present, but draft materials are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains one bag labeled UMWA Forty-Seventh Consecutive Constitutional Convention, Cincinnati, Ohio, September 23 - October 3, 1976. This box also contains two T-shirts. One of the shirts is for a national campaign to eliminate silicosis sponsored by MSHA, NIOSH, the American Lung Association, and OSHA, and the other is for Dust-Busters, a campaign by MSHA-NSA to stop black lung and silicosis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains government or other publications related to various topics that JDM researched throughout his career, including mining safety, occupational health and safety in mining and other industries, chemicals and other environmental topics, explosives or other industrial materials and functions, land ownership in West Virginia and the Appalachian region, law practice, international law and policy, as well as various other topics pertaining to the state of West Virginia, the Appalachian region as a whole, and its people. Many of these materials are MESA, MSHA, or OSHA publications, as well as printed materials from the Department of Labor or the Department of the Interior and other organizations under federal government purview. Formats include bound books, journals, newsletters, manuals, pamphlets, recorded music albums, and published government reports. JDM presumably used these materials for general research and informational purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of miscellaneous mining reports, publications, and other government publications about mining safety in the US and other countries, including Germany and Poland, and vintage books from 1917-1956. There are 11 books, 8 publications, 2 miscellaneous typed reports, and one expandable report binder. Some notable content includes materials from the International Mine Conference held in Poland in 1981, assorted State Annual Reports, a cost/benefit analysis of Deep Mine Federal Safety Legislation and Enforcement from 1980, and information about actions to weaken the Mine Health \u0026amp; Safety Act and Underground Coal Mine Ventilation Standards in the 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains Congressional Record issues related to the passage of the Coal Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health Act of 1969, as well as miscellaneous publications related to energy, mine safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. The Congressional Record issues and Federal Register have some notations, presumably added by JDM. Also included are assorted publications relating to Energy, Mine Safety \u0026amp; Health and miscellaneous topics. There are 10 books, one comb-bound book, one volume of the WV Law Review (the national coal issue, Vol. 85 No. 4), 5 government publications, two misc. non-bound books/professional publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains WV law review publications, mainly the \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eWest Virginia Law Review\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e scattered issues from 1973-1984 and 1993, and other law review publications that contain articles written or co-written by JDM. Of note, included in this box are copies of The National Coal Issue of the WV law review published in assorted years, as well as other law reviews from Kentucky and other states, in which JDM contributed articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains several publications, including U.S. Supreme Court Procedural Guides, United Mine Workers Journals, and binders of collected district court records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the \u003ctitle\u003e Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation \u003c/title\u003e. The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled \u003ctitle\u003eReport of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 19 vinyl records in sleeves and one book, the Joan Baez Songbook. Some of the music in the book and on these albums is about or connected to labor organizations, miners, and Appalachia in general. One notable album contains the recording of MLK Jr.'s \"I Have a Dream\" speech. Many of the musical albums have \"Monongah 1907\" handwritten on their covers, which most likely means they were used in the making of the film.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains various publications on international mining, mining safety, and occupational safety and health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 26 publications on mining safety and the mining industry. Contents include a collection of historic state mine reports, Department of the Interior publications, International Labor Office (ILO) mine safety training reports, and other miscellaneous publications, mostly related to coal mining.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains various original and facsimile publications on the coal industry and other miscellaneous topics. There are 13 publications in this box, as noted. Two of them (the WV Practice Handbooks) are enormous 3-ring binders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 3 binders and 3 loose issues of publications/journals related to Mining Safety and Health. Materials include 2 binders and 3 loose issues of Mine Regulation Reporter dated from August 1991 to July 1993, and one binder of Mine Injuries and Worktime Quarterly issues dated from January 1986 to March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe publications in this box consist of mining health and safety reports, mining injury reports, occupational safety and health reports, and some WV and mining law publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains primarily publications related to MSHA and mining safety. There are a few unpublished (typewritten) reports on mining safety issues and miscellaneous papers on similar subjects but the content is mostly books, manuals, journals, and published government documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains published government reports about coal mining and related topics. There are 40 publications in this box, as listed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains various publications related to mining safety, including government reports, journals, and newsletters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains congressional records of committee hearings, reports, and acts from 1952 to 1991. The bulk of them are from the late 1970s and 1980s. Topics covered include energy, coal mining, and occupational safety and health. Also includes a few clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains publications and papers on mine safety and international labor law. Materials include binders of collected notes, journals, magazines, government publications, books, pamphlets, and other miscellaneous publications. Many of these materials are about South African labor issues. One binder contains information about Chinese labor relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes publications, reports, papers, and a manual on mining safety and health, occupational safety and health, and related topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 32 various publications covering the coal industry, steelworkers, occupational safety, and other broadly related topics. The box also includes 20 folded West Virginia Landslide Study maps published in 1976 by the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey and the director and State Geologist at the time, Robert B. Erwin. One of the books in the box, \u003ctitle\u003eWest Virginia Landslides and Slide-Prone Areas\u003c/title\u003e, is meant to accompany these maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains publications on occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and other miscellaneous topics. Most are congressional hearing and report publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis set consists of two boxes of congressional hearing and report publications. Box A contains 18, box B contains 14.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this box appear to be material used for informational and research purposes. They are primarily MESA and Bureau of Mines reports and books. Also included is an envelope of photojournalist Earl Dotter's sample materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains 32 publications related to occupational safety and health, mining safety, and the coal mining industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes papers and publications covering coal mining, mining safety, WV law, and occupational safety \u0026amp; health. The papers include correspondence from publishers and authors that would have been sent with the materials and some unbound reports. JDM presumably used these materials for research purposes. [Is it worth giving this box an improved title?] This box contains a more detailed box list which includes the names of all documents and publications found inside. I am leaving this one inside the box but removing the one that says \"various books\" following the problem of locating a similar detailed contents list in a previously reviewed box. These materials are fine being housed as they are. A few related papers not listed (including the contents list and some correspondence) should be placed into a letter-sized folder to prevent potential damage. Total 20 items and one folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials consist of books and other publications that cover coal mining, mining safety, and occupational safety. There are some notable ones, such as a book called \u003ctitle\u003eFaces: The Toll of the Workplace Death on American Families\u003c/title\u003e by Joseph Kinney, which contains a personal note to JDM from the author on the title page, and a report on the Wilburg Mining Disaster, which relates to content in other boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains various publications about land ownership in the Appalachian region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of 20 publications related to occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and mining safety. Formats include government reports, pamphlets, books, plays, atlases, and other miscellaneous publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains publications related to occupational safety and health and other miscellaneous topics. No donor-provided box list for this one. I counted 48 publications, including small pamphlets, government documents, journals, and books. There are also two typed reports in this box and some related papers in the Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-1969(at the top of the box). Topics primarily cover occupational safety and health, but there are some outliers, for example, the book about cancer mortality and a copy of The Doonesbury Chronicles (comic collection) from 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a 2-volume set of hardcover encyclopedias published by the International Labor Office, edited by Luigi Parmeggiani, and revised in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box consists of miscellaneous publications, including items that pertain to Perdue. Some materials are related to occupational safety and health in other fields, occupational safety and health legal defense, general worker protection, agricultural history, WV history, and environmental science.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series of boxes contains content collected by JDM when he assisted in the support and recovery in New York City after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, and researched and worked on plans for future emergency and disaster response with the Office of Homeland Security and other related organizations in the period shortly afterward. Some mine rescue safety information is included in this content, as it pertains to Homeland Security, emergency rescue, and disaster response procedure. Formats consist of reports, training and curriculum materials, photographs, audio-visual material, publications, clippings, notes and other research material, correspondence, and other miscellaneous related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains reports, media, clippings, training manuals, equipment information, and correspondence related to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in NYC on 9-11-2001. Also included is information on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and other miscellaneous materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains materials related to JDM's work from 2001-2004. Formats include correspondence, publications, clippings, printed emails and internet articles, travel records, pamphlets, maps, facsimiles of publications, and other miscellaneous materials. Topics include a coal impoundment project, occupational health and safety, international travel and research, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box includes chronological files for JDM and OSHLC dated from May 1, 1993, to November 19, 1993. OSHLC Chronological Files from box 193 were moved into this box. This box also contains material related to general mining injuries and deaths, such as fatality reports, manuals, correspondence, lists, and other miscellaneous papers. Also included are sales records from 1991 for the Monongah 1907 film, and various safety manuals that JDM produced. Monongah mining disaster files and sales records from box 193 were moved to this box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of J. Davitt McAteer documenting his advocacy for mining and other occupational safety. A lawyer and expert on mine safety and health issues, he served as an Assistant Labor Secretary for the Mine Safety and Health Administration from 1993 to 2000. McAteer was also appointed lead investigator into the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster by Governor Manchin in 2010. The collection includes accident investigation reports, conference files, correspondence, health and safety manuals, mine disaster historical files, press clippings, publications, and reports, among other material.","Topics include mine disasters (such as the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], etc.), occupational safety (including black lung and white lung, accidents, United States rules and regulations, etc.), international occupational safety and regulations, project proposals (including a trip to South Africa to work with the National Union of Mineworkers), mining history, and other similar topics.","Series Include: \nSeries 1. Papers Arranged by Subject (Boxes 1-49), 1903-1912, 1932-2020 \nSeries 2. Mine Disasters (Boxes 50-59b), 1869, 1907-1936, 1972-2015 \nSeries 3. Books (Boxes 60a-69), 1906–2015 \nSeries 4. Audio/Visual (Boxes 70-73), 1973–2015 \nSeries 5. Artifacts (Boxes 74a-81), 1918, 1960s-2010 \nSeries 6. Oversize, General (Box 82 and unboxed), late 19th century-2010 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Maps (Boxes 83-85), 1960–1972 \nSeries 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110), 2005–2010 \nSeries 9. Wheeling Jesuit University Files (Boxes 111a-114), 2002–2012 \nSeries 10. Addendum of 2021 July 16 (Boxes 116-120), 1900s-2013 \nSeries 11. Addendum of 2022 June 20 (Boxes 122-131), 1920s-1998 \nSeries 12. Addendum of 2021 August 12, Miner's Shirt (Box 132), circa 1978 \nSeries 13. Addendum of 2021 December 21, Letter (Box 59a, folder 46), 2017 May 16 \nSeries 14. Addendum of 2022 August 01, Letters (Box 127, folder 18), 1971 January 22 to 1973 February 21, undated \nSeries 15. Addendum of 2024 February (Boxes 133-253), 1889-2007 ","This series includes correspondence, reports, legal files, research papers, publications, and other material regarding occupational and mining safety, United States occupational and mining rules and regulations, American and international occupational and mining accidents, black lung and white lung diseases, project proposals and fundraising, international mining safety and trips (including those to South Africa and Europe), health and safety manuals, labor unions, and other such topics.","This series includes research, publications, and other material regarding American mine disasters and accidents, including the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010], Aracoma Alma Mine Accident [2006], Farmington Mine Disaster [1968], and other earlier disasters. This series mainly consists of material on the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster, as McAteer was appointed head independent investigator of the Governor's Independent Investigative Panel by Governor Joe Manchin soon after the disaster. For detailed maps created during this investigation, please see Series 8. Oversize, Upper Big Branch Maps (Boxes 86-110). See also the letter in Series 13.","This series consists of books, booklets, binders, and other publications regarding occupational and mining safety, occupational and mining history, occupational and mining disasters and accidents, union strikes and history, West Virginia history, and other such topics.","This series consists of VHS cassettes, audiocassettes, and other audio/visual material regarding mining and occupational safety and other topics. Many tapes of \"Appalshop,\" a documentary program focusing on Appalachian culture and history, are available, as well as recordings of interviews made by McAteer on mining safety and mine disasters.","This series consists of various artifacts regarding mining safety, mining history, unions, and other such topics, including photographs, posters, awards, commemorative coins, and other such objects. Notable objects include a set of seal presses and seal press plates from various local chapters of the United Mine Workers of America, and a set of commemorative neckties from various mining organizations in the United Kingdom. See series 12 for an additional artifact.","This series consists of oversize artifacts, including international mine safety posters, a set of late 19th century-early 20th century mining implements, and an office chair owned by John L. Lewis, union activist and former President of the United Mine Workers of America.","This series includes maps of West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and other states used by the Miners for Democracy to display voting locations.","This series consists of maps and some photographs created during the investigation of the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster [2010] and a few maps of the Aracoma Alma Mine accident [2006]. The descriptions of the maps are based on transcriptions of text found on the maps themselves, including location codes, mapping team names, dates, and sometimes labels. Other than the transcribed text used for description, there is little or no additional textual content on most of these maps.","According to McAteer:","The maps are the result of a project to map the explosion of the Upper Big Branch Mine in 2010. The mapping involved an analysis of charcol resulting from the explosion of the coal to determine direction, speed, and force of the explosion. The maps are dated by when an investigation was conducted on a section of the mine represented by a map.","The alpha-numerics associated with the maps correlate to the\nMSHA (Mine Safety and Health Administration) report of the\nUpper Big Branch explosion.","There were four teams conducting the investigation which took place over 10 months, 12 hours per day. Each day maps (of where the explosion occurred) were prepared for the teams, which met briefly in the morning at 6am. During the physical investigation, evidence was recorded onto the maps showing the results of flame and explosion. There are accompanying pictures to the report. The accumulated evidence formed the basis of the MSHA report.","This series consists of papers, correspondence, publications, and other material from McAteer's time as Vice President of Special Programs at Wheeling Jesuit University. Topics include the HEALTHeWV and HEALTHeSTATES programs, the Coal Impoundment Program and Community Alert program, the Wheeling Jesuit International Mining Health and Safety Symposium, and other such topics.","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include research for McAteer's book on the Monongah Mine Disaster, Mine Safety and Health Administration binders, news articles and other works written by McAteer, research on the Buffalo Creek Mine Disaster, material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969), assorted papers and correspondence, material regarding Campaign Continental, and a folder of photo tapes and audiocassettes.","This series contains materials pertaining to a Coal Mine Health and Safety Study of 1969, including research materials, correspondence, notes, and related clippings that were collected and organized by J. Davitt McAteer.","This series, labelled Miscellaneous Assortment by the donor, includes various correspondence sent from and received by J. Davitt McAteer, collected articles, newsletters, and clippings related to his professional and personal activities, and other miscellaneous papers.","This series includes assorted clippings and correspondence related to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), several ring-bound collections of mining safety articles and training materials, and various awards given to J. Davitt McAteer.","\"Negotiated Rule Making Covering Sand and Gravel Industries with the National Stone Association. Note: Remarkable Endeavor Because Negotiated Rulemaking Did Not Happen\"","This series includes materials related to Campaign Continental and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.","This series includes materials related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center and J. Davitt McAteer's involvement in the organization.","This series consists of research materials and clippings related to Hawaii and American Samoa environmental issues.","This series consists of research materials, notes, clippings, and correspondence related to the Buffalo Creek and Monongah Mine Disasters.","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include papers related to the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); United Mine Workers' Association records; Mine Safety and Health Administration press, correspondence, and other related materials; news articles and other publications by McAteer; papers related to the Miners' Manual; mining maps and posters; research material from a coal mine health and safety study (1969); assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding Campaign Continental; and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining safety.","This series consists of a French miner's shirt that might have come from McAteer's visit to the site of the successor mine to Courrières, the largest French mining disaster, as a union gift. See series 3 for additional artifacts.","This series consists of a letter from Donald Blankenship to then-President Donald Trump regarding the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster investigation, copies of which were shared with several other individuals including J. Davitt McAteer.","This material consists of 5 letters written to writer Phil Primack in the early 1970s. Three are signed by WV Rep. Ken Hechler. One is from former UMWA president Arnold Miller. One is signed \"Ed.\"","Additional papers of J. Davitt McAteer. Materials include documents related to McAteer's work with the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC); Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), including reports, correspondence, and other related materials; books, manuals, and other publications; papers related to the Miners' Manual and other industrial safety manuals along with related draft, research, and publication materials; occupational health and safety studies; occupational injury, illness, and fatality reports; assorted clippings and correspondence; material regarding McAteer's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP); and published records of United States government proceedings, hearings, briefs, and reports that pertain to mining and other industrial health and safety issues.","Notable organizations mentioned (and their abbreviations, if any): Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU), Consolidation Coal Company, Inc., CONSOL, Purdue, Inc., the West Virginia Humanities Council, the United States Department of Labor (DOL), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the North Carolina Labor Department, Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Energy (DOE), International Labor Office (ILO), Caterpillar, Inc., World Bank, Council of the Southern Mountains, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, Association of Trial Lawyers of America.","Notable individuals in content: Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, William Clinton, Earl Dotter.","Other notable subjects: China, South Africa, World Trade Center, Ground Zero, 9/11/01, WVU Law School, Textile Industry, Mushroom Workers, Formaldehyde, Black Lung, Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs), Tug River Valley Petition, Surface Mine Control Reclamation Act (SMCRA), Labor History, mining accident and injury reports, Appalachian music, labor- and coal industry-related recordings, Sago, Wilburg, Rushton, Monongah. ","Ths sub-series consists of files collected and organized during JDM's work with the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). They consist of chronological files of correspondence and other documentation.","These boxes contain chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).","Ths sub-series contains materials related to International Labor Law, in some cases specifically international mining safety. Materials include but are not limited to correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, receipts, materials collected for research, travel documentation, publications, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains materials about South African mine safety and health, and includes South African Miners Manual.","This box contains materials related to JDM's travel in connection with international labor law and mining safety and health research, funded by the German Marshall Fund. This research led to the publication of law review articles in WVU and other law school publications. Topics include labor regulations in surface and other types of mining in the following locations: Indonesia, Italy, England and Great Britain, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Russia, Belgium, Schwandorf and Germany, Romania, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Geneva, India, and New Zealand. Formats include travel itineraries, correspondence, notes, travel journals, clippings, expense reports, receipts, publications, and other related materials.","This material consists of publications and papers related to JDM's study of international labor relations, occupational safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. This box includes 6 binders; one is published OSHA regulation documentation, one contains collected materials about Hazard Communication Standards, and the rest (4) contain typed or handwritten notes. This box also includes international labor journals and other publications.","This series consists of materials related to JDM's work on cases of workplace safety at two Perdue chicken processing plants, one in North Carolina and one in Oklahoma. The NC Perdue issue occurred between 1990-1992. On 3-Sept-1991 in Hamlet, NC, a chicken processing plant caught fire, which resulted in 25 employee deaths. McAteer co-wrote an article about the incident for A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy . The Oklahoma Perdue issue involved employees reporting possible product and local environmental contamination, employee illness, and livestock death as a result of company use of vaccinations and chemicals at processing plants and farms. Content formats consist of documents related to court proceedings, articles and clippings, research materials and notes, correspondence, reports, publications, and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains materials related to Perdue court proceedings in Oklahoma, including reports, articles and clippings, and correspondence. There are also some materials related to the NC Perdue lawsuits, as well as information about poultry workers in general.","This box includes documentation related to legal proceedings against Perdue, primarily legal files documenting the case of John C. Brooks, Commissioner of Labor of North Carolina vs. Perdue Farms, Inc. This court case was presented to the Safety and Health Review Board of North Carolina, and JDM acted as the complainant's legal counsel under the OSHLC. Also included are other miscellaneous papers related to the poultry industry.","This box consists of primarily loose books, booklets, and binders of information related to practicing law in NC at both state and federal level, publications from the NC Dept of Labor related to Occupational Safety and Health, and binders containing info about inspections conducted by USDA. Also includes two sets of documents, one is the court report of Brooks Vs. Perdue et al. and one is the Perdue Trauma Disorder Prevention \u0026 Management Program report. Presumably this was all information used by JDM to research and prepare for his role (as representative of OSHLC) in court proceedings in NC.","This sub-series consists of materials used by JDM to research, create, and promote the 1984 film \"Monongah 1907.\" Included is historical research material focused on the mining disaster in 1907 and surrounding events, as well as material related to the production and promotion of the film dated 1984 and later. The format types include clippings, correspondence, notes, scripts, contracts, publications, photographs, and other miscellaneous documents. Audio-visual materials such as magnetic videotape film reels, Umatic video cassettes, and magnetic audio tape reels contain interviews and other promotional content for the film.","This box consists of files related to the Monongah mining disaster and film and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from McClure to Zanesville.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster and includes research materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Galloway to McAteer.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah 1907 film produced by JDM and includes materials organized alphabetically by the donor, from Bibliography to Young.","This box consists of papers related to the Monongah mining disaster, including copies of newpaper clippings, interviews, and images. This box also contains papers that pertain to the creation of the Monongah 1907 film, including as acknowledgments and correspondence. Materials were organized alphabetically by the donor, from Acknowledgements to Future Research.","This box contains papers and photographs that the donor collected and used for research and other aspects of the creation of the 1984 film Monongah 1907 . Types of papers include facsimiles of newspapers, government reports, typed copies of the movie's narrator script, photographs and artist works used in the film, handwritten notes, and tick lists, which are checklists of things to be done (or ticked off) in relation to the creation of a film.","Box 174 consists of 7 Umatic videocassettes, 4 Ampex magnetic tape film reels (1 inch?), and 1 Scotch 3M magnetic tape Master film reel of the Monongah 1907 movie and related promotional material. There is a contents list within the box listing 23 A/V items, which equals the total contents of boxes 172, 173, and 174. Box 172 consists of 5 (1 inch?) film reels: 2 Scotch 3M, 1 Ampex, 1 Sony, 1 Fuji. Box 173 consists of 2 small and 1 large magentic audio recording tapes and 3 Ampex (1 inch?) magnetic tape film reels. These items are all related to the Monongah 1907 movie about the mining disaster and its associated promotional material.","This series of boxes contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006.","This box contains correspondence, reports, clippings, and other material related to the Sago mining disaster in January 2006. There are 3 CD-Rs in this box; all appear to be promotional material for mining safety equipment provided by companies to JDM. This content is similar to boxes 24 a \u0026 b: printed email correspondence, printed web content, newspapers and clippings, and handwritten notes. Notable content: a 3-ring binder containing the statement under oath from Randal McCloy, Jr., the only survivor of the Sago mine disaster.","The boxes in this series include material related to mining disasters in Orangeville, Utah; Pittston, Pennsylvania; Buffalo Creek; and Tug Valley, WV. There is also some material related to mining disasters and fatalities in general, as well as mining policy and regulations and other miscellaneous content. This material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, notes, binders, publications such as government documents, court proceedings, magazines, newsletters, and books.","This box contains materials collected and arranged in binders by JDM, including court documents, reports, and research material related to the Buffalo Creek mining disaster.","This box contains documents and publications related to the Tug River flood, including hydrology reports, maps, clippings, \u0026 government documents. No donor-provided folder list but this box is all foldered and labeled with the exception of one unfoldered book at the front.","This box contains documents related to the Tug River flood and petition, including reports, correspondence, clippings, \u0026 government documents.","In 1979, the Tug Valley Petition was filed on behalf of citizens in its first ever designated filing, JDM and The Center for Law and Social Policy filed such a petition which ultimately failed, but established the first set of rules for such a designation.","This sub-series contains mining safety and Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)-related materials, such as reports, publications, clippings, correspondence, and other related content pertaining to MSHA, JDM's work regarding mining safety, and associated projects. Also included is information about the Mine Safety and Health Act, various reports on mining accidents and fatalities, and content related to mining disasters. Other materials in this sub-series include content related to JDM's research and work to provide legal defense in cases related to mining safety; mining safety manual creation materials and safety training documentation, including additional material related to the Miner's Manual publication; material pertaining to SCSRs, policy covering their use, and associated court cases; material from JDM's travel for research into international mining safety policy; information on Black Lung and other mining-related respiratory illness and injury; and various mine accident investigations and inquiries.","This box contains a miscellaneous assortment of materials related to JDM's work with MSHA and the UMWA. Covered topics include but are not limited to Cost Cutting Reductions/Downsizing, Borehole Post Sealing Recovery Plan - Galatia South, UMWA- Black Lung Conference 10/1996, Accident Investigation Report - Fatal Powered Haulage Accident 5/16/1996, Department Of Labor- Employment Standards Administration - proposed rule, North Carolina Geological Survey- Bulletin #4 - Road Materials and Road Construction in North Carolina - 1893, Final Report- Surface Haulage Truck Accident Trends; most of the material is not foldered. Formats include reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains material related to the Rushton Mining Company and the Rushton Project (1972-1976). The Rushton Quality of Work Project attempted to improve Mine Safety \u0026 Health as well as Labor Relations in an experiment sanctioned by the Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969 - which permitted the Union \u0026 Company to suspend traditional labor and contract laws as well as certain provisions of the Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969 and to experiment with a cooperative negotiation-based agreement. This occurred at the Rushton Mine in Pennsylvania and JDM was the Chief UMWA National Officer involved. \nAlso included in this box is research on the Sunshine Mining Company in Idaho and a disaster that occurred there in May of 1972. The Sunshine Mining Company was a silver mine in Kellogg, Idaho; JDM researched this incident during his work with Ralph Nader and afterward provided testimony to House of Representatives Select Subcommittee on Labor members in support of mine safety reform. Other miscellaneous files related to additional research conducted by JDM on mining employee safety and health are also included. These papers include clippings, reports, correspondence, government documents, court documents, and notes.","This box contains papers related to MSHA including correspondence, reports, publications, bulletins, clippings, photos, and negatives. The photos and negatives are in the folder labeled Farmington - General. There are also some misc. papers unrelated to MSHA. The donor originally labeled this box JDM Mine Safety Work Pre-passage of the 1969 Federal Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act and Implementation of that Act. It also includes material on his study of the Farmington disaster, his education, the Federal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1977, legal cases for the UMWA, etc.","This box contains 18 U-matic videotapes produced by the Mine Safety and Health Administration of the US Dept. of Labor, and two publications by the same. These materials cover various training topics and are dated from 1963 to 1987. The video publication dates range from 1963 to 1983, and the booklets were published between 1985 and 1987.","This box contains materials related to the Wilburg Mining Disaster in Orangeville, Utah. Notes from donor: \"Company was attempting to set a production record, air compressor unsafe, MSHA complicit, JDM report.\" Documents on other mining fatalities, injuries, and disasters are also included. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, notes, clippings, safety plans and amendments, witness statements and court testimony, MSHA fatal mining accident reports of 1982, and other government agency and organization reports.","This box contains court records and related documents on miners' need for Self-Contained Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) as part of their workplace safety provisions. Contents include Pittson Mine Disaster reports, litigation records, publications, and binders for the US Court of Appeals case: Council of the Southern Mountains, Inc., et al. (CSM) v. Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary of Labor, Eckehard Muessig, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Labor, and MSHA, and case: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Donovan, et al., all related to the provision of SCSRs to mining employees.","These boxes contains correspondence, reports, and other papers related to explosives and blasting research and litigation, court proceedings, and other MSHA dealings. Pertains to JDM's work during his time at the Center for Law and Social Policy. Includes some internal CLASP administrative documents. Notable contents include JDM's letter dated 11/7/1983 concerning the Safety and Detonations and Blasting units and 12/12/1983 Asst. Sec. Zegeer's reply and a related Kentucky court case.","These boxes contains material related to a trip JDM took to China July 11-August 3, 1980. The purpose of the trip was for various representatives from miners' unions and mining-related government entities to learn about mining health and safety initiatives in China and bring that knowledge back to the U.S. Papers include correspondence, a travel journal, expense reports, trip planning documentation, pamphlets and small publications, maps, posters, reports, and clippings. There are some papers in Chinese script.","This material includes miscellaneous papers related to MSHA creation and action. It is a combination of facsimiles and original reports, government publications, correspondence, handwritten notes, and miscellaneous papers and publications. Highlights include material on SCSRs, pentachlorophenol, MSHA accountability program, mine law history, and various MSHA/OSHA and NIOSH work. Also included are MSHA policy manual memos and MSHA reports on AC\u0026C Analysis, Foot and Leg Injuries, Women Miner Fatals, and Accident Stats from 1983-1986 .","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's mining safety work in the 1990s and early 2000s. Includes government reports, financial documentation, correspondence, conference materials, and more.","This box contains miscellaneous research materials related to mining safety, mining disasters, and miners' legal defense. Materials include testimony for miners' widows' rights, UMWA safety publications, correspondence, and reports.","This box contains documents about mining safety litigation. JDM was involved as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, which represented mine workers' interests.","This box contains correspondence related to miscellaneous MSHA policies.","This box contains photos, stickers, scrapbooks, and other memorabilia related to mining safety events and travel that JDM participated in in the 1980s and 1990s. Some items of note: photos and albums, mine safety stickers, a white binder of mine tour photos, with the first half of the binder Mine tour with Secretary Alexis Herman-and the second half of the binder: Mine tour Secretary of the Department of Labor, Robert Reich, U.S. Mine Delegation, China, 1980, Mining Tour, U.S. China Friendship Association, in which J. Davitt McAteer was the lead delegate, the National Mine Health and Safety Academy in Beckley, WV - South Africans' visit, Delegation from Mine Safety Division, Ministry of Internation trade and Industry, 11/7/94, Delegation from Japan Assoc. for Security of Explosives, Tokyo, 11/4/94, Delegation from Kazakhstan, 10/26/94, Holms Safety Meeting, Fairmont, WV - 83rd National Safety Council Congress and Exposition Certificate of Excellence, video tape of WBOY TV from labor Day Speech at Marion County Historical Museum, Chili - Copper Mine, Russia - MSHA Delegation 1998, 11/2/99 Caballo Mine, Gillette WY, 11/3/99 Spring Creek Decker, MT, Decker Mine, 11/4/99, Black Thunder Mine, Wright WY, Buckskin Mine, Gillette WY, Geneva, Switzerland, Mine Safety Conference 1997/1998, and many other miscellaneous photos.","This box contains miscellaneous materials considered \"inactive\" by the donor, related to JDM's role as the Assistant Secretary of Labor for the Mine Safety and Health Administration, other aspects of his professional life within MSHA, and his time as Solicitor for the Department of Labor. A notable item in this box is a resignation letter from JDM to former president William Clinton. Other notable names and subjects include Robert Reich, Robert Shapiro, Bob J. Nash, Al Gore, The Department of Labor, World Bank, Black Lung, Caterpillar, Inc., Department of Energy, and OSHA.","This box contains materials that relate the the creation of MSHA and amendments of mining safety and regulatory policy. Additional highlights include material on the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 and its implementation, ventilation in mines, MSHA regulations and revisions of 1986, etc. The material includes clippings, reports, correspondence, drafts of speeches, handwritten notes, legal documentation, and other miscellaneous papers. There is one cassette.","This box contains litigation materials concerning self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs). Materials include court documents from the US Court of Appeals -Third Circuit- Case No. 81-2016: Consolidation Coal Co. v. Secretary of Labor and Council of the Southern Mountains \u0026 UMWA. During this case, between 1980-1981, JDM acted as counsel for the intervenor, Counsel of Southern Mountains. This litigation resulted in a decision that required the Department of Labor (MSHA) to promulgate regulations requiring SCSRs to be placed in U.S. Coal Mines.","This box contains reports from the Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), part of the US Dept of Labor. They contain fatal mining accident reports of incidents in 1979, 1980, and 1982 produced and compiled by MSHA. There are also Metal and Non-metal fatal accident reports from 1971-1980. Also included is a small envelope labeled \"microfiche fatalities from MSHA\" containing five sets of microfiche for each year of fatal accident reports from 1973-1977.","These boxes consist of government publications of the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA) mining fatality reports spanning the years 1975-1976. These reports cover January-May of 1975 and January through December of 1976.","This box contains coal company ranking files, including related reports, notes, correspondence, press releases, and clippings, from 1986-1993. OSHLC released these annual coal company safety rankings based on data they collected on mine safety and health for underground and surface mine companies.","This box contains 4 binders of MSHA metal and non-metal mining injury and accident reports","This box contains miscellaneous reports and publications related to mining safety and health. Materials include a report of investigation for underground coal mine explosions at the Scotia Mine on March 9 and 11, 1976, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission reports, C.F.R. Updates in the Federal Register (MSHA proposed rule), Department Of Labor MSHA 30 CFR Parts 56, 57, 58, 70, 71, 72, 75 and 90 Air Quality, Chemical Substances, and Respiratory Protection Standards reports, and the New Multinational Monitor.","This box contains binders and publications that pertain to mining fatalities, mining safety, mining regulations, and other miscellaneous topics. Formats include books, reports, magazines and newsletters, government documents, and indexes.","This box contains chronological correspondence and other documentation pertaining to JDM's mining safety work with the UMWA in the early 1970s.","This box contains three binders containing reports of the Federal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Review Commission proceedings, from the Office of Administrative Law Judges dated between 1978 and 1980. Also included is a binder labeled Coal Briefs Index to Subject and Section.","This box contains 3 binders that contain information related to OSHA litigation, and two smaller binders that contain information about mining safety and health and black lung disease.","This box contains an envelope from a printing company containing a publication proof for the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.","These boxes contain very meticulous notes and printed research material regarding MSHA rules on mining safety. It looks like each folder pertains to a chapter of the following book: McAteer, J. Davitt, and Thomas N. Bethell. 1981. Miner's Manual : A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job / J. Davitt McAteer ; Thomas N. Bethell, Editor. Crossroads Press. https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=880245e7-321a-3942-859f-89e5473ea11d.","Ths sub-series consists of materials related to JDM's work in miners' legal defense, particularly with the UMWA.","This box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.","This box contains correspondence, publications, clippings, and government reports that pertain to JDM's professional work with the UMWA, OSHLC, CLASP, and the U.S. Department of Labor and legal proceedings and activities related to mining employee safety and health issues.","This box contains mainly correspondence but other formats include publications, clippings, financial records, and legal documentation. These materials reflect JDM's work as part of CLASP and other occupational safety and mining industry organizations, including the Miner's Legal Defense Fund, The Council of the Southern Mountains, the U.S. Department of the Interior, and the UMWA.","This sub-series focuses on the broader topic of occupational safety and health in various industries with which JDM worked throughout his career, as part of the Center for Law and Social Policy, the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center, and the federal government's Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Much of this work was specifically related to occupational health and safety in the coal mining industry, but various other industries are represented in this content, including textile production, mushroom growing and processing, poultry processing, and more. Materials related to travel abroad for the purpose of researching, writing about, and proposing policy changes based on international labor practices and occupational health and safety policies around the world are included in this sub-series. Also included are materials related to JDM's work to provide legal counsel for individuals and groups in various industries against corporations and the resulting legal proceedings for the protection of workers. Other notable content is labor history course curriculum created by JDM in collaboration with the WV Humanities Council, various workplace injury and fatality reports, information on the effects of formaldehyde and other causes of work-related respiratory illness and injury, and material on migrant employees' workplace conditions. Notable organizations mentioned and their abbreviations: the United States Department of Labor (DOL), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA), The United States Department of the Interior (DOI), Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center (OSHLC), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP). Formats include clippings, articles, publications, facsimiles of articles and other publications, government reports, travel planning documents, receipts, travel journals, notes, correspondence, photographs, and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the late 1980s through the early 1990s and his endeavor to create a school curriculum related to the topic with the National Humanities Council. JDM was working with the OSHLC at the time, and this was a joint project between the NHC and OSHLC. This box also includes information about the WV Humanities Council, and sample grades for week one of the developmental course. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, images, and other miscellaneous documents.","This box contains miscellaneous materials related to JDM's labor history work in the 1990s and his work to create a school curriculum related to the topic for the National Humanities Council. Formats include clippings, publications, reports, resource manuals, correspondence, and other miscellaneous documents. Additional topics include A B Normal White Centers information, which the donor described as a fraudulent scheme on the part of the coal industry to produce coal dust samples to comply with the legal requirements; historical articles about company stores; and Mother Jones.[If the folder titles are really topics instead, feel free to remove them as folders and add them to the SC note. ]","This box contains material related to occupational health and safety, focusing primarily on mining safety. Materials include information about training, projects, and proposals on topics such as coal slurry, coal impoundment, void detection, diesel, and off-road rules, as well as reports, including the Underground Mine Fatality Investigation Report of the Spartan Mining Company. Formats include clippings, publications, notes, correspondence, reports, training materials, and other related documents.","This box contains material about the textile industry and other related occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, publications, and copies of publications of supreme court cases and other legal briefs, professional publications, original manual drafts, and other miscellaneous materials. These materials were used in creating the Textile Health and Safety Manual (1985) written by JDM during his career at the OSHLC.","This box contains material related to the textile industry, the chemical industry, and other occupational health and safety topics. Materials include correspondence, clippings, notes, reports, survey data, and other miscellaneous documents. These materials comprised research, backup documentation, and drafts for two safety manuals written by JDM; one for textile worker health and safety, titled Textile Health and Safety Manual: A Complete Guide to Health and Safety Protection on the Job , and one for chemical hazards. The latter, Chemical Hazards: A Guide to the New Federal Hazard Communication Regulations , was written in cooperation with Dale Lawson and published by Pilgrim Press in 1987.","This box contains materials related to researching and creating safety manuals for textile industry workers. Most of the content of this box consists of information about cotton dust and its hazards. Also included are some miscellaneous materials and health and safety manual drafts for mushroom workers and chemical workers. Formats include published copies of manuals, drafts, and typed originals, clippings, reports, notes, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials. There is other material related to the mushroom workers manual in box 113.","This box contains documents related to court proceedings regarding formaldehyde exposure as an occupational hazard. JDM represented ACTWU (Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union) in his role at the OSHLC. The DC Circuit Court and the US Supreme Court reviewed employee risk and proposed protections, including the Medical Removal Protection (MRP) mentioned in the donor's notes. (These are benefits offered to employees who have been removed from the workplace for medical reasons due to exposure.) Other organizations involved include NIOSH, OSHA, NCI (National Cancer Institute), and various other workers' unions. [This is great!]","This box includes a portion of JDM's chronological files (mostly correspondence) from his work at the Occupational Safety and Health Law Center.","This box contains 16 comb-bound court brief publications, two volumes of the federal register from Friday, December 4, 1987, and miscellaneous documents. The documents include handwritten notes, reports, correspondence, and other miscellaneous materials related to Occupational Safety and Health Law Center work regarding the formaldehyde standard, industry regulations to determine acceptable levels of employee exposure to formaldehyde in the workplace.","This box contains documents related to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) hazardous waste safety training program. Formats include clippings, handwritten notes, correspondence, comb-bound publications, reports, pamphlets, journals, training course materials, and other related documents and publications.","This box contains chronological files of correspondence and other documentation that pertained to JDM's role at the Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP).","This box contains documents related to OSHLC projects, including reports, publications, notes, correspondence, clippings, and other miscellaneous material. There is a handwritten list of the contents from the donor in the front of the box.","The materials in this box consist of court reports and other documents related to federal litigation regarding medical removal protection (MRP) for sensitized workers under OSHA protection from formaldehyde exposure in a US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit case No. 87-1748 September 22, 1989. JDM and the OSHLC represented the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU). Also includes multiple sets of documents pertaining to case 87-1743, involving unions and petitions for reviewing a revised government standard.","This box contains legal cases, manuals, other documents, and publications related to work-related respiratory injury and disease, including black lung. Also included are two binders of research on black lung labeled \"J.C. Materials,\" most likely a reference to John Colwell from Yale Law School, whose name was on the inside cover of one of the binders.","This box contains the records of an Occupational Health and Safety case in which JDM was the attorney of record (in his role as director of the OSHLC). The case involved an employee named Pepe Mestres reporting unsafe working conditions at a Department of Energy nuclear energy facility in Savannah, GA.\nThis box also contains miscellaneous documents that pertain to OSHA and OSHLC projects, including OSHA reform, dated between 1990-1993. These materials cover primarily occupational safety and health topics. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, expense reports, government proposals, reports, and clippings. They seem to have been collected as part of JDM's work at OSHLC.","This box contains research material related to migrant workers' occupational safety and health, specifically in agriculture. Formats include clippings, reports, publications, correspondence, notes, and other miscellaneous documents. It seems to have been collected as part of JDM's work at the OSHLC.","The materials in these boxes consist of books, reports, and speeches covering occupational health and the coal industry in Appalachia.","These materials include publications and papers related to occupational safety and health. The papers consist of reports, grant materials, correspondence, and testimony. Publications include newsletters, books, government publications, and manuals.","This box contains papers that pertain to the research for and creation of the Mushroom Workers Manual. The actual manual is not present, but draft materials are included.","This box contains one bag labeled UMWA Forty-Seventh Consecutive Constitutional Convention, Cincinnati, Ohio, September 23 - October 3, 1976. This box also contains two T-shirts. One of the shirts is for a national campaign to eliminate silicosis sponsored by MSHA, NIOSH, the American Lung Association, and OSHA, and the other is for Dust-Busters, a campaign by MSHA-NSA to stop black lung and silicosis.","This sub-series contains government or other publications related to various topics that JDM researched throughout his career, including mining safety, occupational health and safety in mining and other industries, chemicals and other environmental topics, explosives or other industrial materials and functions, land ownership in West Virginia and the Appalachian region, law practice, international law and policy, as well as various other topics pertaining to the state of West Virginia, the Appalachian region as a whole, and its people. Many of these materials are MESA, MSHA, or OSHA publications, as well as printed materials from the Department of Labor or the Department of the Interior and other organizations under federal government purview. Formats include bound books, journals, newsletters, manuals, pamphlets, recorded music albums, and published government reports. JDM presumably used these materials for general research and informational purposes.","This box consists of miscellaneous mining reports, publications, and other government publications about mining safety in the US and other countries, including Germany and Poland, and vintage books from 1917-1956. There are 11 books, 8 publications, 2 miscellaneous typed reports, and one expandable report binder. Some notable content includes materials from the International Mine Conference held in Poland in 1981, assorted State Annual Reports, a cost/benefit analysis of Deep Mine Federal Safety Legislation and Enforcement from 1980, and information about actions to weaken the Mine Health \u0026 Safety Act and Underground Coal Mine Ventilation Standards in the 1980s.","This box contains Congressional Record issues related to the passage of the Coal Mine Safety \u0026 Health Act of 1969, as well as miscellaneous publications related to energy, mine safety and health, and other miscellaneous topics. The Congressional Record issues and Federal Register have some notations, presumably added by JDM. Also included are assorted publications relating to Energy, Mine Safety \u0026 Health and miscellaneous topics. There are 10 books, one comb-bound book, one volume of the WV Law Review (the national coal issue, Vol. 85 No. 4), 5 government publications, two misc. non-bound books/professional publications.","This box contains WV law review publications, mainly the West Virginia Law Review scattered issues from 1973-1984 and 1993, and other law review publications that contain articles written or co-written by JDM. Of note, included in this box are copies of The National Coal Issue of the WV law review published in assorted years, as well as other law reviews from Kentucky and other states, in which JDM contributed articles.","This box contains several publications, including U.S. Supreme Court Procedural Guides, United Mine Workers Journals, and binders of collected district court records.","This box contains 21 (non-consecutive) volumes of the Report of Anthracite Board of Conciliation . The earliest volume is XI, and the latest is XXXII. There is also one publication titled Report of the Department of Mines of Pennsylvania Part 1 - Anthracite .","This box contains 19 vinyl records in sleeves and one book, the Joan Baez Songbook. Some of the music in the book and on these albums is about or connected to labor organizations, miners, and Appalachia in general. One notable album contains the recording of MLK Jr.'s \"I Have a Dream\" speech. Many of the musical albums have \"Monongah 1907\" handwritten on their covers, which most likely means they were used in the making of the film.","This box contains various publications on international mining, mining safety, and occupational safety and health.","This box contains 26 publications on mining safety and the mining industry. Contents include a collection of historic state mine reports, Department of the Interior publications, International Labor Office (ILO) mine safety training reports, and other miscellaneous publications, mostly related to coal mining.","This box contains various original and facsimile publications on the coal industry and other miscellaneous topics. There are 13 publications in this box, as noted. Two of them (the WV Practice Handbooks) are enormous 3-ring binders.","This box contains 3 binders and 3 loose issues of publications/journals related to Mining Safety and Health. Materials include 2 binders and 3 loose issues of Mine Regulation Reporter dated from August 1991 to July 1993, and one binder of Mine Injuries and Worktime Quarterly issues dated from January 1986 to March 1992.","The publications in this box consist of mining health and safety reports, mining injury reports, occupational safety and health reports, and some WV and mining law publications.","This box contains primarily publications related to MSHA and mining safety. There are a few unpublished (typewritten) reports on mining safety issues and miscellaneous papers on similar subjects but the content is mostly books, manuals, journals, and published government documents.","This box contains published government reports about coal mining and related topics. There are 40 publications in this box, as listed.","This box contains various publications related to mining safety, including government reports, journals, and newsletters.","This box contains congressional records of committee hearings, reports, and acts from 1952 to 1991. The bulk of them are from the late 1970s and 1980s. Topics covered include energy, coal mining, and occupational safety and health. Also includes a few clippings.","This box contains publications and papers on mine safety and international labor law. Materials include binders of collected notes, journals, magazines, government publications, books, pamphlets, and other miscellaneous publications. Many of these materials are about South African labor issues. One binder contains information about Chinese labor relations.","This box includes publications, reports, papers, and a manual on mining safety and health, occupational safety and health, and related topics.","This box contains 32 various publications covering the coal industry, steelworkers, occupational safety, and other broadly related topics. The box also includes 20 folded West Virginia Landslide Study maps published in 1976 by the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey and the director and State Geologist at the time, Robert B. Erwin. One of the books in the box, West Virginia Landslides and Slide-Prone Areas , is meant to accompany these maps.","This box contains publications on occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and other miscellaneous topics. Most are congressional hearing and report publications.","This set consists of two boxes of congressional hearing and report publications. Box A contains 18, box B contains 14.","The contents of this box appear to be material used for informational and research purposes. They are primarily MESA and Bureau of Mines reports and books. Also included is an envelope of photojournalist Earl Dotter's sample materials.","This box contains 32 publications related to occupational safety and health, mining safety, and the coal mining industry.","This box includes papers and publications covering coal mining, mining safety, WV law, and occupational safety \u0026 health. The papers include correspondence from publishers and authors that would have been sent with the materials and some unbound reports. JDM presumably used these materials for research purposes. [Is it worth giving this box an improved title?] This box contains a more detailed box list which includes the names of all documents and publications found inside. I am leaving this one inside the box but removing the one that says \"various books\" following the problem of locating a similar detailed contents list in a previously reviewed box. These materials are fine being housed as they are. A few related papers not listed (including the contents list and some correspondence) should be placed into a letter-sized folder to prevent potential damage. Total 20 items and one folder.","These materials consist of books and other publications that cover coal mining, mining safety, and occupational safety. There are some notable ones, such as a book called Faces: The Toll of the Workplace Death on American Families by Joseph Kinney, which contains a personal note to JDM from the author on the title page, and a report on the Wilburg Mining Disaster, which relates to content in other boxes.","This box contains various publications about land ownership in the Appalachian region.","This box consists of 20 publications related to occupational safety and health, the coal mining industry, and mining safety. Formats include government reports, pamphlets, books, plays, atlases, and other miscellaneous publications.","This box contains publications related to occupational safety and health and other miscellaneous topics. No donor-provided box list for this one. I counted 48 publications, including small pamphlets, government documents, journals, and books. There are also two typed reports in this box and some related papers in the Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-1969(at the top of the box). Topics primarily cover occupational safety and health, but there are some outliers, for example, the book about cancer mortality and a copy of The Doonesbury Chronicles (comic collection) from 1975.","This is a 2-volume set of hardcover encyclopedias published by the International Labor Office, edited by Luigi Parmeggiani, and revised in 1983.","This box consists of miscellaneous publications, including items that pertain to Perdue. Some materials are related to occupational safety and health in other fields, occupational safety and health legal defense, general worker protection, agricultural history, WV history, and environmental science.","This series of boxes contains content collected by JDM when he assisted in the support and recovery in New York City after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, and researched and worked on plans for future emergency and disaster response with the Office of Homeland Security and other related organizations in the period shortly afterward. Some mine rescue safety information is included in this content, as it pertains to Homeland Security, emergency rescue, and disaster response procedure. Formats consist of reports, training and curriculum materials, photographs, audio-visual material, publications, clippings, notes and other research material, correspondence, and other miscellaneous related materials.","This box contains reports, media, clippings, training manuals, equipment information, and correspondence related to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in NYC on 9-11-2001. Also included is information on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and other miscellaneous materials.","This box contains materials related to JDM's work from 2001-2004. Formats include correspondence, publications, clippings, printed emails and internet articles, travel records, pamphlets, maps, facsimiles of publications, and other miscellaneous materials. Topics include a coal impoundment project, occupational health and safety, international travel and research, and more.","This box includes chronological files for JDM and OSHLC dated from May 1, 1993, to November 19, 1993. OSHLC Chronological Files from box 193 were moved into this box. This box also contains material related to general mining injuries and deaths, such as fatality reports, manuals, correspondence, lists, and other miscellaneous papers. Also included are sales records from 1991 for the Monongah 1907 film, and various safety manuals that JDM produced. Monongah mining disaster files and sales records from box 193 were moved to this box."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_968905e970286eb403a618071657af45\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy","McAteer, J. Davitt"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration","United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration","Occupational Safety and Health Law Center","Center for Law and Social Policy"],"persname_ssim":["McAteer, J. Davitt"],"language_ssim":["English \n. "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3959,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:05:52.830Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6253_c15_c04"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":113},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason 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