{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":26,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_535#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_535#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Volck Collection is comprised of 29 Confederate War Etchings and three folders containing articles about the artist and his work. Also included is an original first edition of \"The Grasshopper,\" a cantata written by a Virginian, Innes Randolph, and illustrated by Volck.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_535#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_535.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/535","title_filing_ssi":"Volck, Adalbert J., Collection of Etchings","title_ssm":["Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings"],"title_tesim":["Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1979"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 149","/repositories/5/resources/535"],"text":["M 149","/repositories/5/resources/535","Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings","Etching","American Civil War.","Civil War, U. S., 1861-1865","Collection is open to research.","The etchings are arranged according to their index numbers, 1 through 29. The folders in box 3 are arranged alphabetically.","Adalbert J. Volck was born on April 14, 1828 in Augsburg, Bavaria. He studied in Nürnberg and Munich, but left the due to his involvment in the Revolution of 1848. Volck came to the United States in 1849 and became caught up in the gold rush. By 1851, he had enrolled in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, receiving his D.D.S the following year. Volck was a charter member of the Maryland State Dental Association and a founder of the Association of Dental Surgeons. A southern sympathizer, he was instrumental during the American Civil War in getting medical supplies to the South. ","During the war, Volck made a series of caricatures favorable to the South under the pseudonym of V. Blada. The Confederate War Etchings, the best known of this series, are in the Volck Collection. After the war, Volck became interested in others fields of art. Several of his works can be seen here in Richmond, at the Valentine Museum (portrait of Lee) and the Confederate Museum (shield). Volck died in March, 1912 at the age of 84.","The Volck Collection is comprised of 29 Confederate War Etchings and three folders containing articles about the artist and his work. Also included is an original first edition of \"The Grasshopper,\" a cantata written by a Virginian, Innes Randolph, and illustrated by Volck.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","English \n.    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The folders in box 3 are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The etchings are arranged according to their index numbers, 1 through 29. The folders in box 3 are arranged alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdalbert J. Volck was born on April 14, 1828 in Augsburg, Bavaria. He studied in Nürnberg and Munich, but left the due to his involvment in the Revolution of 1848. Volck came to the United States in 1849 and became caught up in the gold rush. By 1851, he had enrolled in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, receiving his D.D.S the following year. Volck was a charter member of the Maryland State Dental Association and a founder of the Association of Dental Surgeons. A southern sympathizer, he was instrumental during the American Civil War in getting medical supplies to the South. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the war, Volck made a series of caricatures favorable to the South under the pseudonym of V. Blada. The Confederate War Etchings, the best known of this series, are in the Volck Collection. After the war, Volck became interested in others fields of art. Several of his works can be seen here in Richmond, at the Valentine Museum (portrait of Lee) and the Confederate Museum (shield). Volck died in March, 1912 at the age of 84.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adalbert J. Volck was born on April 14, 1828 in Augsburg, Bavaria. He studied in Nürnberg and Munich, but left the due to his involvment in the Revolution of 1848. Volck came to the United States in 1849 and became caught up in the gold rush. By 1851, he had enrolled in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, receiving his D.D.S the following year. Volck was a charter member of the Maryland State Dental Association and a founder of the Association of Dental Surgeons. A southern sympathizer, he was instrumental during the American Civil War in getting medical supplies to the South. ","During the war, Volck made a series of caricatures favorable to the South under the pseudonym of V. Blada. The Confederate War Etchings, the best known of this series, are in the Volck Collection. After the war, Volck became interested in others fields of art. Several of his works can be seen here in Richmond, at the Valentine Museum (portrait of Lee) and the Confederate Museum (shield). Volck died in March, 1912 at the age of 84."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings, Collection Number M 149, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings, Collection Number M 149, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Volck Collection is comprised of 29 Confederate War Etchings and three folders containing articles about the artist and his work. Also included is an original first edition of \"The Grasshopper,\" a cantata written by a Virginian, Innes Randolph, and illustrated by Volck.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Volck Collection is comprised of 29 Confederate War Etchings and three folders containing articles about the artist and his work. Also included is an original first edition of \"The Grasshopper,\" a cantata written by a Virginian, Innes Randolph, and illustrated by Volck."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912"],"persname_ssim":["Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:38:47.502Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_535","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_535.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/535","title_filing_ssi":"Volck, Adalbert J., Collection of Etchings","title_ssm":["Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings"],"title_tesim":["Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1979"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 149","/repositories/5/resources/535"],"text":["M 149","/repositories/5/resources/535","Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings","Etching","American Civil War.","Civil War, U. S., 1861-1865","Collection is open to research.","The etchings are arranged according to their index numbers, 1 through 29. The folders in box 3 are arranged alphabetically.","Adalbert J. Volck was born on April 14, 1828 in Augsburg, Bavaria. He studied in Nürnberg and Munich, but left the due to his involvment in the Revolution of 1848. Volck came to the United States in 1849 and became caught up in the gold rush. By 1851, he had enrolled in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, receiving his D.D.S the following year. Volck was a charter member of the Maryland State Dental Association and a founder of the Association of Dental Surgeons. A southern sympathizer, he was instrumental during the American Civil War in getting medical supplies to the South. ","During the war, Volck made a series of caricatures favorable to the South under the pseudonym of V. Blada. The Confederate War Etchings, the best known of this series, are in the Volck Collection. After the war, Volck became interested in others fields of art. Several of his works can be seen here in Richmond, at the Valentine Museum (portrait of Lee) and the Confederate Museum (shield). Volck died in March, 1912 at the age of 84.","The Volck Collection is comprised of 29 Confederate War Etchings and three folders containing articles about the artist and his work. Also included is an original first edition of \"The Grasshopper,\" a cantata written by a Virginian, Innes Randolph, and illustrated by Volck.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","English \n.    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By 1851, he had enrolled in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, receiving his D.D.S the following year. Volck was a charter member of the Maryland State Dental Association and a founder of the Association of Dental Surgeons. A southern sympathizer, he was instrumental during the American Civil War in getting medical supplies to the South. ","During the war, Volck made a series of caricatures favorable to the South under the pseudonym of V. Blada. The Confederate War Etchings, the best known of this series, are in the Volck Collection. After the war, Volck became interested in others fields of art. Several of his works can be seen here in Richmond, at the Valentine Museum (portrait of Lee) and the Confederate Museum (shield). Volck died in March, 1912 at the age of 84."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdalbert J. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:38:47.502Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_535"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adele Goodman Clark papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026amp; Wright Architects \u0026amp; Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond News-Leader, \u003c/title\u003eSuffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:37:44.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026amp; Wright Architects \u0026amp; Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond News-Leader, \u003c/title\u003eSuffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:37:44.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_330#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_330#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_330.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Anderson, Joseph J., papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330"],"text":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330","Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers","The collection is without restrictions.","Organization Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Arrangement  There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n ","There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.","Joseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.","Dr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.","In 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars","Dr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery.","The papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.","Series I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.","Also included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.","Series II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.","Series III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .","Series IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.","The scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from  Clinical Excerpts  November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.","Milestones pamphlet; Centennial issue of the  Bulletin of the Medical College of Virginia 1938","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949","English"],"unitid_tesim":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Mrs. Brenda Harris, June 28, 1983."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eOrganization\u003c/head\u003e \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eSeries List\u003c/head\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Education Records \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries A: School Materials \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Certificates\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Photographs\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany\u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eSeries List\u003c/head\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Education Records \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries A: School Materials \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Certificates\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Photographs\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany\u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e","\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eArrangement\u003c/head\u003e There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Organization","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Arrangement  There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n ","There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.","Dr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.","In 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars","Dr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Joseph J. Anderson, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Joseph J. Anderson, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eClinical Excerpts\u003c/title\u003e November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMilestones\u003c/title\u003epamphlet; Centennial issue of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBulletin of the Medical College of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e\u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.","Series I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.","Also included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.","Series II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.","Series III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .","Series IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.","The scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from  Clinical Excerpts  November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.","Milestones pamphlet; Centennial issue of the  Bulletin of the Medical College of Virginia 1938"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"persname_ssim":["Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:32:56.781Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_330","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_330.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Anderson, Joseph J., papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330"],"text":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330","Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers","The collection is without restrictions.","Organization Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Arrangement  There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n ","There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.","Joseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.","Dr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.","In 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars","Dr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery.","The papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.","Series I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.","Also included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.","Series II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.","Series III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .","Series IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.","The scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from  Clinical Excerpts  November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.","Milestones pamphlet; Centennial issue of the  Bulletin of the Medical College of Virginia 1938","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949","English"],"unitid_tesim":["83.Jun.11","/repositories/3/resources/330"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Joseph J. Anderson papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Mrs. Brenda Harris, June 28, 1983."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eOrganization\u003c/head\u003e \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eSeries List\u003c/head\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Education Records \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries A: School Materials \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Certificates\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Photographs\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany\u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eSeries List\u003c/head\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944)\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Education Records \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries A: School Materials \u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries B: Certificates\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSubseries C: Photographs\u003c/item\u003e \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany\u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e","\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eArrangement\u003c/head\u003e There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Organization","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Series List Series 1: General records and Writings (1892-1980) Series 2: Financial Records (1906-1908, 1940-1944) Series 3: Education Records  Subseries A: School Materials  Subseries B: Certificates Subseries C: Photographs Series 4: Printed Materials and Miscellany","Arrangement  There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject.\n\n ","There was no order to the collection when it was received at Tompkins-McCaw Library. It is divided into four series. Within each series materials are arranged chronologically or by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph James Anderson was born on January 6, 1870, at Hopeful in Louisa County, Virginia. He was the son of Archer Hart and Catherine Massie Shelton Anderson. As a young man, Anderson attended private school at his grandfathers home, where he was taught by his two maiden aunts. The young J.J. Anderson also worked as a telegraph operator for the Norfolk and Western Railway Co. In 1891 Anderson entered the Medical College of Virginia and graduated with the class of 1893.","Dr. Anderson began practicing medicine in 1893 at Waltons Store in Louisa County. The doctor later moved to Goochland where he served on the local board of health, and was active in the liberty loan drives during World War I. He practiced as a family practitioner in Goochland until 1922.","In 1922 Dr. Anderson moved to Richmond where he spent the rest of his life. His Richmond home and office was located at 2220 Grove Avenue in the fan district. Anderson was a member of the American Medical Association, the Richmond Academy of Medicine, and the Medical Society of Virginia in which he was a 50 year member. He was also a member of the Dove Lodge Number 51, A.F.8 A.M., and the Tabernacle Baptist Church. Dr. Anderson was available for emergency medical services, state side, during both world wars","Dr. Anderson was married to Temple Drudge Anderson. The couple had no children. On May 19th, 1949 at the age of 79, Dr. Anderson died at his home in Richmond. He was buried at the Hollywood Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Joseph J. Anderson, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Joseph J. Anderson, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eClinical Excerpts\u003c/title\u003e November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMilestones\u003c/title\u003epamphlet; Centennial issue of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBulletin of the Medical College of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e\u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Joseph J. Anderson, cover from his matriculation at MCV in 1891 to his death in 1949. The majority of the papers are personal, and have been arranged into four series.","Series I (1892-1980) contains a wide variety of correspondence and legal documents. What stands out are various letters of recommendation written by prominent MCV physicians recommending Dr. Anderson to positions at the state hospital in Petersburg, as well as the position of doctor to the penitentiary farm. The letters recommending the doctor to the penitentiary farm are all addressed to Governor Charles T. O'Ferrall. These letters are accompanied by 3 petitions signed by MCV professors, and Virginia politicians.","Also included in this series are license applications to practice, spanning the years, 1893-1908, from Louisa and Goochland counties. There is a letter confirming his availability for emergency medical services during World War I from 1918, as well as questions to Dr. Anderson that were asked during a court case. No date accompanies the questions. This series also has one biographical sketch, as well as a letter pertaining to the collection both from 1980.","Series II (1906-1944) simply represents some of Dr. Anderson's financial records. The series consists of two small ledger books, which date from 1/1/06-1/1/08. The books correspond to his Goochland practice. There is also one large ledger book, which includes accounts from the years 1/1/40-5/44. The names and addresses of some of the patients are listed as well as visit prices.","Series III (1891-1948)comprises Dr. Anderson's educational records. Included in this series are three subseries, the first being the actual school materials and the other two being certificates and photographs, respectively. The contents of subseries A are his matriculation cards, graduation papers, one note book, two exams, two session books, which contain class descriptions, and Alumni matters. The Alumni matters contain lists of deceased doctors from various graduating classes at MCV. Subseries B contains certificates awarded to Dr. Anderson over the years. Included is Dr. Anderson's actual diploma, there are also four more certificates dating back to 1905. There are two fellowship certificates, one from the Medical Society of Virginia (1905), and the other from the American Medical Association (1916). The other two are the Commonwealth of Virginia certificate to practice in Goochland from 1912, and the Medical Society of Virginia certificate commemorating 50 years of service awarded in 1948. Subseries C is the group of photos. The subseries contains one large unidentified photo, as well as one 1893 MCV class photo. There are also two small photos, one of which has Dr. Anderson on horseback in a 1921 picture. There is one portrait photo from 1933 and one group shot of the surviving members of the class of 1893 taken in 1943 which was printed in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .","Series IV (1896-1949) is printed materials and miscellany. The majority of materials are magazines and publications related to MCV and other medical organizations. The dates range from 1938 to 1949. There are also some non-MCV materials that Dr. Anderson collected for his own personal enjoyment. The collection also includes one medical lexicon, printed in 1890. Finally, the collection contains a rather large scrapbook. It has no order, no index, and it is hard to pinpoint any date range.","The scrapbook consists of many drug ads and drug uses printed by drug companies. Therefore, it is easy to find an entry with the heading, \"neurasthenia,\" with the description and cure provided by William S. Merrill Chemical Co., to give one example. There are also articles from medical journals pasted in. An example of this is, \"Diet in Chronic Heart Disease,\" by Prof. Theodor Schott M.D. from  Clinical Excerpts  November-December 1904. The illnesses in the scrapbook all appear to be common. This is appropriate as Dr. Anderson was a family practitioner.","Milestones pamphlet; Centennial issue of the  Bulletin of the Medical College of Virginia 1938"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"persname_ssim":["Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:32:56.781Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_330"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_9.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/9","title_filing_ssi":"Bosher, Lewis Hinton, Jr., papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"text":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.","The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book,  Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the  Richmond News Leader , letters regarding the  Foggy Days at MCV  article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book  Operative Surgery  had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creators_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHealth problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIsaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical assistant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Tube fabric oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Correspondence and inquiries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Physician's assistant recruitment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEditor of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/title\u003e, letters regarding the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eFoggy Days at MCV\u003c/title\u003e article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: congenital heart disease cases\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMyles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Membrane oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Development of a cardiac surgery program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Fellowships provided through the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Request for funds for studies and equipment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePolicies and correspondence regarding clinics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eListing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOperative Surgery\u003c/title\u003e had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book,  Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the  Richmond News Leader , letters regarding the  Foggy Days at MCV  article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book  Operative Surgery  had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913."],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:42:34.784Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_9.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/9","title_filing_ssi":"Bosher, Lewis Hinton, Jr., papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"text":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.","The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book,  Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the  Richmond News Leader , letters regarding the  Foggy Days at MCV  article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book  Operative Surgery  had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creators_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHealth problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIsaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical assistant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Tube fabric oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Correspondence and inquiries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Physician's assistant recruitment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEditor of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/title\u003e, letters regarding the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eFoggy Days at MCV\u003c/title\u003e article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: congenital heart disease cases\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMyles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Membrane oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Development of a cardiac surgery program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Fellowships provided through the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Request for funds for studies and equipment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePolicies and correspondence regarding clinics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eListing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOperative Surgery\u003c/title\u003e had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book,  Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the  Richmond News Leader , letters regarding the  Foggy Days at MCV  article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book  Operative Surgery  had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913."],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:42:34.784Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_369#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_369#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Raiford, Rufus Livius, papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1963,\n","1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1963,\n"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369"],"text":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369","Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers","The collection is without restrictions.","Materials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein.","Rufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession."," On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area."," In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition.","The Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection."," The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area."," The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years."," The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection acquired by Katherine Smith, granddaughter of Rufus Livius Raiford and donated to Tompkins-McCaw Library."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.16 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.16 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession."," On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area."," In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Papers of Rufus Livius Raiford, 98/Dec/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Papers of Rufus Livius Raiford, 98/Dec/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection."," The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area."," The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years."," The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":72,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:13.264Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Raiford, Rufus Livius, papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1963,\n","1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1963,\n"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369"],"text":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369","Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers","The collection is without restrictions.","Materials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein.","Rufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession."," On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area."," In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition.","The Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection."," The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area."," The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years."," The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["98.Dec.8","/repositories/3/resources/369"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Rufus Livius Raiford papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection acquired by Katherine Smith, granddaughter of Rufus Livius Raiford and donated to Tompkins-McCaw Library."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.16 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.16 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged in six series and chronologial therein."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rufus Livius Raiford was born in the Corinth community of Southampton Coutny, Virginia on November 17, 1880, and passed away on June 26, 1948. His early schooling was received at Corinth Academy, a privates school operated by the Society of Friends. Later he attended Westtown Boarding School in Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1901. He then entered the University College of Medicine in Richmond, Virginia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution in 1906, and shortly thereafter passed the state examinations which licensed him to parctice his profession."," On November 27, 1906, he married Lora K. Burgess. From this marriage were born two sons, Drs. Fletcher Raiford and Morgan Raiford. From 1906 to 1908, Raiford practiced medicine in his home community. Quickly Dr. Raiford was forced to work around many handicaps that faced rural doctors of the time. Things such as muddy roads, lack of modern conveniences, and lack of reliable transportation to name a few. In 1908 he built a home in the village of Sedley, about seven miles south of his old home. It was here that he began a modest clinic housed in his dwelling. This clinic was one of the first attempts by any physician to establish a clinic in a rural area."," In 1925 he opened a hosptial in Franklin, Virginia that was known as the Raiford Memorial Hospital. The ever-growing needs for hospital service in Franklin and the surrounding community made necessary almost continuous expansion. This was made possible by substantial grants and other federal funds. It was at the Sedley Clinic and the Raiford Memorial Hospital that the began preaching and practicing the doctrine of preventive medicine and raising the health standards of people of both races in these areas. It was these efforts to provide equal medical care to all no matter their financial status or race that made him a pioneer and brought him national recognition."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Papers of Rufus Livius Raiford, 98/Dec/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Papers of Rufus Livius Raiford, 98/Dec/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Rufus Livius Raiford Collection contains nearly 700 items. The collection is divided into six series: Personal Correspondence, Professional Papers, School Years, Genealogy and Local History, Photographs and Publications. The papers date from 1891-1963 with one biographical sketch of a family member, in the genealogy and local history series, dating from 1988. Included with the collection are handwritten notes written by Raiford's granddaughter, the donor of the collection. These notes provide a good insight into certain aspects of the collection."," The largest series in this collection is the personal corespondence. It is arranged chronologically. The series consists primarily of letters written by Raiford and his wife to their son Fletcher while he was away at the Westtown School, the University of Richmond and the Medical College of Virginia between 1932 and 1937. These letters serve as weekly accounts of things going on at the Raiford Memorial Hospital, life in Franklin, and life during the Depression. They also illustrate many of the difficulties that were faced by Raiford in his attempt to establish a stong hospital and provide quality medical care in a rural area."," The professional papers include corresondence, patient accounts, physician visiting litsts, information on the Raiford Memorial Hospital, and information on various conferences. This series contains letters from other professionals in the medical field, information on hospital business, and information on conferences. This series reflects many of the areas of concern and interest Raiford had for the hospital and his profession. It also shows the types of business he conducted over the years."," The school years series consists of matriculation cards of Rufus Raiford whileat the University College of Medicine, YMCA booklets, commencement invitations and a small set of correspondence. Lastly the collection has three smaller series: genealogy and local history, photographs, and publications. The photographs are personal family images and shots of Raiford Memorial Hospital. Publications include articles written by Raiford and articles about Raiford and the hospital."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":72,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:13.264Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_369"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_101","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frederick Otto Seibel papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_101#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_101#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the \u003cspan\u003eKnickerbocker Press\u003c/span\u003e and the \u003cspan\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/span\u003e. Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_101#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_101","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_101","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_101","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_101","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_101.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Seibel, Frederick Otto, papers","title_ssm":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers"],"title_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1882-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1882-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 23","/repositories/5/resources/101"],"text":["M 23","/repositories/5/resources/101","Frederick Otto Seibel papers","Editorial cartoonists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Cartoonists -- United States","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. The Special Collections and Archives Department has 34 original cartoons, some inscribed, Seibel's own clipping file, early drawings, oils and watercolors and some correspondence. The collection is divided into two groups: Seibel's oil paintings, folios, and oversized cartoons are stored separately; the newspaper copies of his cartoons and boxed in groups of fifty and are arranged, with few exceptions, chronologically. The cartoons were cut and numbered by Seibel in the order in which they were published, and that numerical order has been preserved.","Frederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936.","The Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the  Knickerbocker Press  and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 23","/repositories/5/resources/101"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers"],"collection_ssim":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"creator_ssim":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"creators_ssim":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Editorial cartoonists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Cartoonists -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Editorial cartoonists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Cartoonists -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.9 Linear Feet (contains oversize material)"],"extent_tesim":["16.9 Linear Feet (contains oversize material)"],"date_range_isim":[1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. The Special Collections and Archives Department has 34 original cartoons, some inscribed, Seibel's own clipping file, early drawings, oils and watercolors and some correspondence. The collection is divided into two groups: Seibel's oil paintings, folios, and oversized cartoons are stored separately; the newspaper copies of his cartoons and boxed in groups of fifty and are arranged, with few exceptions, chronologically. The cartoons were cut and numbered by Seibel in the order in which they were published, and that numerical order has been preserved.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. The Special Collections and Archives Department has 34 original cartoons, some inscribed, Seibel's own clipping file, early drawings, oils and watercolors and some correspondence. The collection is divided into two groups: Seibel's oil paintings, folios, and oversized cartoons are stored separately; the newspaper copies of his cartoons and boxed in groups of fifty and are arranged, with few exceptions, chronologically. The cartoons were cut and numbered by Seibel in the order in which they were published, and that numerical order has been preserved."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick Otto Seibel papers, Collection # M 23, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers, Collection # M 23, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the \u003ctitle\u003eKnickerbocker Press\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e. Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the  Knickerbocker Press  and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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The Special Collections and Archives Department has 34 original cartoons, some inscribed, Seibel's own clipping file, early drawings, oils and watercolors and some correspondence. The collection is divided into two groups: Seibel's oil paintings, folios, and oversized cartoons are stored separately; the newspaper copies of his cartoons and boxed in groups of fifty and are arranged, with few exceptions, chronologically. The cartoons were cut and numbered by Seibel in the order in which they were published, and that numerical order has been preserved.","Frederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936.","The Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the  Knickerbocker Press  and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969","English \n.    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The collection is divided into two groups: Seibel's oil paintings, folios, and oversized cartoons are stored separately; the newspaper copies of his cartoons and boxed in groups of fifty and are arranged, with few exceptions, chronologically. The cartoons were cut and numbered by Seibel in the order in which they were published, and that numerical order has been preserved."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel was born in Durhamville, New York, on 8 October 1886 and died in Richmond, Virginia on 19 June 1968. Siebel spent his childhood drawing sketches of the Erie Canal. He was married with no children. After attending classes at the Art Students League in New York City for a short time. Seibel started his own commercial art business in the early years of the twentieth century. His first cartoon was printed in the Oneida Dispatch in 1908. He began his career as a cartoonist in 1916 for the Knickerbocker Press in Albany, New York. Seibel moved to Virginia in 1926 to become an editorial cartoonist for the Richmond Times-Dispatch and worked there for over thirty years. He did several shows at the Metropolitan Museum Of New York, Art Institute of Chicago and Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. A biography is contained in the Spring 1977 issue of the Virginia Cavalcade (included in Box 1). Fred O. Seibel died in 1968 after completing nearly 16,000 cartoons. His most famous cartoon was \"Retreat from Moscow\" (11-5-1936) depicting presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith as Napoleon after FDR's landslide victory in 1936."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick Otto Seibel papers, Collection # M 23, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick Otto Seibel papers, Collection # M 23, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the \u003ctitle\u003eKnickerbocker Press\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e. Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Seibel Collection is comprised of two major sections: letters which Seibel received relating to his newspaper cartoons (including correspondence from Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Robert Kennedy, Barry Goldwater, Harry F. Byrd, John L. Lewis, J. Edgar Hoover and numerous members of the federal and state government), and a complete set of his published cartoons from both the  Knickerbocker Press  and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . Other items in the collection include drawing notebooks and early art school sketches, seven oil paintings thought to have been painted by Seibel, folios containing copies of sketches by Charles Dana Gibson and Frederic Remington, as well as folios containing newspaper clippings of major world events in Seibel's lifetime. There are also thirty-four original cartoons, some of which were autographed by Seibel."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Seibel, Fred O. (Fred Otto), 1886-1969"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":134,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:37:44.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_101"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_69","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Fred Orr Wygal papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_69#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_69#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_69","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_69","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_69","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_69.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00074.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wygal, Fred Orr, papers","title_ssm":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"title_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1881-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 154","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"text":["M 154","/repositories/5/resources/69","Fred Orr Wygal papers","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","College administrators -- Virginia","Methodist Church -- Virginia.","Education -- Virginia","Educators -- Virginia","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged by series and topically therein. Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation.","Fred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.","Wygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.","During his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.","In addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.","Wygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.","Wygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. ","The Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)","Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 154","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"collection_ssim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creator_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creators_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. 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Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by series and topically therein. Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.","Wygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.","During his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.","In addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.","Wygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.","Wygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFred Orr Wygal papers, Collection # M 154, Special Collections and Archives Department, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers, Collection # M 154, Special Collections and Archives Department, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)","Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation.","Fred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.","Wygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.","During his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.","In addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.","Wygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.","Wygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. ","The Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)","Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 154","/repositories/5/resources/69"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"collection_ssim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creator_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"creators_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. 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Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by series and topically therein. Series I: Personal and Biographical ; Series II: Educational Career ; Series III: Elementary Schools Self-Study Reports; Series IV: Methodist Church Affiliation."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal (1900-1980), a leader in the field of education in Virginia, was a native of Dryden in Lee County, Virginia. He received his bachelor's degree from Emory and Henry College in 1926 and his master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1930. He was named Outstanding Alumnus of the Year by Emory and Henry College in 1967, and he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by that institution in 1974.","Wygal began his educational career as a classroom teacher in Lee County in the mid-1920s, and served as principals of three high schools in Washington and Grayson counties between 1927 and 1939. In 1939, he was named superintendent of the Radford public schools, where he served until 1942, when he was appointed Director of the Division of Guidance and Adult Education for the Virginia Department of Education. He was named Director of the Division of Related Instructional Services in 1954, and in 1958 he became Director of the Division of Teacher Education.","During his years of service with the Department of Education, he took a leave of absence to become acting chief executive of Longwood College during the absence of Francis L. Lankford in 1962-1963. He retired from the State Department of Education in 1964, and became Dean of Students at Ferrum College. He served in this position until 1966, and he again served as acting president of Longwood College from 1967 until 1968. In 1968, he was appointed as acting executive administrator of Virginia Commonwealth University when that University was created by the merger of the medical College of Virginia and Richmond Professional Institute in 1968. He held that post until 1969. In 1968, he was named director of the Virginia Board of Vocational Rehabilitation's study for a proposed long-range plan for vocational rehabilitation. He returned to Ferrum College in 1970.","In addition to his contributions in the educational field, Wygal was a long-time member of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, where he taught Young Adult Bible Class for thirty years, and served three terms as Chairman of the Administrative Board. He was also a former president of Rotary International and a former director of the Southern Council of Teacher Education. He was a member of the United Methodist Conference Board of Education, a member of the Richmond Community Council and he was chairman of the Richmond District Committee on Adult Education.","Wygal was honored by three Virginia colleges for his associations with them. The faculty center at Ferrum College, the music building at Longwood College, and the school administration building at Radford University are all named for him.","Wygal was married to Billie Robinson and had one son, Fred O. Wygal, Jr. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFred Orr Wygal papers, Collection # M 154, Special Collections and Archives Department, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Fred Orr Wygal papers, Collection # M 154, Special Collections and Archives Department, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Wygal Papers contain primarily materials related to education in Virginia, particularly higher education, and to activities of the Methodist Church. Included in the collection are numerous reports of self- studies conducted by elementary schools in Virginia in which Wygal participated, as well as an investigative study of Radford University. In addition, the collection contains a report and materials related to a self-study conducted by Reveille Methodist Church in which Wygal took an active part. Wygal's correspondence, both personal and official, provides a clear sense of his commitment to and involvement in the quality of education in Virginia, and much of the material included in the collection is related to his experience in the administration of higher education. Wygal was much in demand as a speaker, both in his capacity as an educator and as an informed layman in his church, and the collection contains over 200 public speaking items, including outlines, notes and texts of speeches and lectures. Wygal's relationship with the Methodist Church in Virginia was a long and active one, and his influence was felt in many areas of his church's life. The collection contains minutes and related materials of the Administrative Board of Reveille Methodist Church in Richmond, as well as reports and studies of the Wesley Foundation campus ministry at several Virginia schools. Wygal was involved in the Commission for Christian Higher Education, and his papers contain materials related to this activity."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)","Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Reveille United Methodist Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Wygal, Fred O. (Fred Orr), 1900-1980"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_39#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_39","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_39","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_39.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Keesee, George F., papers","title_ssm":["George F. Keesee collection"],"title_tesim":["George F. Keesee collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1869-1924"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1924"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1986.Sep.17","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"text":["1986.Sep.17","/repositories/3/resources/39","George F. Keesee collection","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","History of Dentistry -- Virginia.","Dentists -- Account books -- Virginia","American Civil War -- Virginia.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","Dentists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","This collection is compiled by merging accessioning numbers: 86/Sep/17, 88/Sep/18, 89/Mar/06, 90/Jul/19.","Dr. George Fisk Keesee was born on 05 September 1842 in Richmond, Virginia. Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. ","He decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.","Keesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery.","The core of this collection is Keesee's dental office ledgers which are complete for the years of his practice (1869-1924). A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.","A typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. There will be an occasional change in address.","This folder contains several biographies of Keesee.","This folder contains medals, a name plate, and several appointment books.","Member, 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Award","25th reunion of the United Civil War Veterans.","Dr. Keesee","Virginia Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Society meeting","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["1986.Sep.17","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George F. Keesee collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["George F. Keesee collection"],"collection_ssim":["George F. 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Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. George Fisk Keesee was born on 05 September 1842 in Richmond, Virginia. Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. ","He decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.","Keesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge F. Keesee Collection, Accession #86/Sep/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George F. Keesee Collection, Accession #86/Sep/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe core of this collection is Keesee's dental office ledgers which are complete for the years of his practice (1869-1924). A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. 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A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.","A typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. There will be an occasional change in address.","This folder contains several biographies of Keesee.","This folder contains medals, a name plate, and several appointment books.","Member, 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Award","25th reunion of the United Civil War Veterans.","Dr. Keesee","Virginia Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Society meeting"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association"],"names_coll_ssim":["Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books"],"persname_ssim":["Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. 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Keesee collection","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","History of Dentistry -- Virginia.","Dentists -- Account books -- Virginia","American Civil War -- Virginia.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","Dentists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","This collection is compiled by merging accessioning numbers: 86/Sep/17, 88/Sep/18, 89/Mar/06, 90/Jul/19.","Dr. George Fisk Keesee was born on 05 September 1842 in Richmond, Virginia. Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. ","He decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.","Keesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery.","The core of this collection is Keesee's dental office ledgers which are complete for the years of his practice (1869-1924). A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.","A typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. There will be an occasional change in address.","This folder contains several biographies of Keesee.","This folder contains medals, a name plate, and several appointment books.","Member, 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Award","25th reunion of the United Civil War Veterans.","Dr. Keesee","Virginia Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Society meeting","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["1986.Sep.17","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George F. Keesee collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["George F. Keesee collection"],"collection_ssim":["George F. 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Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. George Fisk Keesee was born on 05 September 1842 in Richmond, Virginia. Orphaned at an early age, Keesee was raised by his father's friend, and prominent businessman, Cornelius Crowe. At age 19, he joined the Confederate army. As a member of the Virginia Life Guards, he participated in what would become the first engagement of the war, the Battle of Bethel (10 Jun, 1861). Keesee's war career was short lived, as he became ill and was reassigned to the defense of Richmond, a task he continued until war's end. ","He decided on a career in dentistry, and graduated valedictorian of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery in 1869. Keesee set up his practice in Richmond where he remained active until his retirement in 1924. Keesee was a founding member of the Virginia Dental Association and was named secretary, a post he would hold for over 50 years. He also helped organize the Richmond Dental Society serving the organization in a variety of capacities. At the time of his death, he was an honorary lifetime member and president emeritus.","Keesee received many accolades during his long career including being named secretary-general of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Conference. Keesee was reelected as secretary of the Richmond Randolph Masonic Lodge a record 59 consecutive times. He also served as its Worshipful Master from 1875-1877. His portrait still hangs in his Masonic Lodge grand hall. Keesee married Sallie Bennett on 30 November, 1871 and they had five children. Keesee died 09 October, 1924 in Richmond. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge F. Keesee Collection, Accession #86/Sep/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George F. Keesee Collection, Accession #86/Sep/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe core of this collection is Keesee's dental office ledgers which are complete for the years of his practice (1869-1924). A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. There will be an occasional change in address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several biographies of Keesee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains medals, a name plate, and several appointment books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMember, 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Award\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25th reunion of the United Civil War Veterans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Keesee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Dental Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Dental Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Dental Society meeting\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The core of this collection is Keesee's dental office ledgers which are complete for the years of his practice (1869-1924). A typicial entry includes the work done, a price, and payment made. There is also a collection of speeches written by Keesee, as well as some memorabilia. The collection does not include any materials documenting Keesee's work with the Masons, or the dental associations in which he belonged.","A typicial entry would include the work done, a price, any payment made. There will be an occasional change in address.","This folder contains several biographies of Keesee.","This folder contains medals, a name plate, and several appointment books.","Member, 1907 Jamestown Exposition National Dental Award","25th reunion of the United Civil War Veterans.","Dr. Keesee","Virginia Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Association.","Richmond Dental Society meeting"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association"],"names_coll_ssim":["Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books"],"persname_ssim":["Keesee, George F. (1842-1924)","Keesee, George F. (1842-1924) -- Account Books"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":34,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:38:21.129Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_39"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henry H. Hibbs papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e The Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_611.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hibbs, Henry H., papers","title_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611"],"text":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611","Henry H. Hibbs papers","Richmond (Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States.","The collection is open for research.","\nSeries 1: Personal life and family\n","\nSeries 2: Photos\n","\nSeries 3: Education and career\n","\nSeries 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book\n","\nSeries 5: News clippings\n","\nSeries 6: Scrapbooks\n","\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n","\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n","\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n","Accession 2022/07/008","Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing","\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n","\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n","\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n","\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.  This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n","\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n","\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n","\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n","Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creator_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creators_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accessions were gifted by Alumni relations and Jessie Hibbs Hawke, 1976, 1983, 1990, 1993, 2017, and 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.92 Linear Feet 10 legal document boxes, 2 half-size legal document boxes, 3 custom boxes for printer's plates, 2 scrapbook boxes, and 1 oversize box for academic regalia."],"extent_tesim":["9.92 Linear Feet 10 legal document boxes, 2 half-size legal document boxes, 3 custom boxes for printer's plates, 2 scrapbook boxes, and 1 oversize box for academic regalia."],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1: Personal life and family\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Photos\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3: Education and career\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 5: News clippings\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 6: Scrapbooks\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["\nSeries 1: Personal life and family\n","\nSeries 2: Photos\n","\nSeries 3: Education and career\n","\nSeries 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book\n","\nSeries 5: News clippings\n","\nSeries 6: Scrapbooks\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n","\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n","\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 2022/07/008\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Accession 2022/07/008"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n","\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n","\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n","\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.  This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n","\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n","\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n","\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"persname_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:44.920Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_611.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hibbs, Henry H., papers","title_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611"],"text":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611","Henry H. Hibbs papers","Richmond (Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States.","The collection is open for research.","\nSeries 1: Personal life and family\n","\nSeries 2: Photos\n","\nSeries 3: Education and career\n","\nSeries 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book\n","\nSeries 5: News clippings\n","\nSeries 6: Scrapbooks\n","\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n","\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n","\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n","Accession 2022/07/008","Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing","\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n","\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n","\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n","\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.  This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n","\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n","\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n","\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n","Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. 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In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n","\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n","\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 2022/07/008\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Accession 2022/07/008"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n","\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n","\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n","\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book  History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.  This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n","\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n","\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n","\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"persname_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:44.920Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James Branch Cabell collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_96.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00065.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cabell, James Branch, collection","title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"text":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96","James Branch Cabell collection","Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.","Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.","The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","Letters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).","Manuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.","Much of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.","In Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press","Taken from books in Cabell's library.","Includes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Materials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.","The majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026 Archives.","Most of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.","Twenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.","A 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette."," It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.","The first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century."," The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others."," The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them."," On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.","This is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings."," There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917."," There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.","Pages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as  Suppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.","Inscription on the first page reads:  Verses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.","Most of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.","Unbound material which was found in notebook two."," This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers."," In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled  Frail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals."," In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.","Contains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.","Contains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.","Includes information on Cabell family genealogy.","A bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026 Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973."," A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. ","A folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as  James Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality , 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.","Decorative book box labeled  Cabelliana . Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.","Contains the letters labeled  Apfelbaum-Cabell Letters , which include Cabell letters to the editor of  The Literary Review , 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026 Co., and an answer to it from McBride.","A 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from  The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints","23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.","A 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of  The Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God  by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the  New York Herald Tribune  Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.","Painting of Family Tree by Cabell","Miscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creators_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Margaret Freeman Cabell in 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book, \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times\u003c/title\u003e as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald\u003c/title\u003e as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond News\u003c/title\u003e. During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eHarper's Monthly Magazine\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of \u003ctitle\u003eInternational\u003c/title\u003e. He published his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Eagle's Shadow\u003c/title\u003e, in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Evening Mail\u003c/title\u003e, H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e. The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e, a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Biography of the Life of Manuel\u003c/title\u003e; the last volume was published in 1930.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Spectator\u003c/title\u003e (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the controversy over \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of \u003ctitle\u003eLet Me Lie\u003c/title\u003e. It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaken from books in Cabell's library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eSuppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscription on the first page reads: \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eVerses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnbound material which was found in notebook two.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026amp; 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eFrail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information on Cabell family genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJames Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality\u003c/title\u003e, 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecorative book box labeled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCabelliana\u003c/title\u003e. Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains the letters labeled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eApfelbaum-Cabell Letters\u003c/title\u003e, which include Cabell letters to the editor of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Literary Review\u003c/title\u003e, 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026amp; Co., and an answer to it from McBride.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of \u003ctitle\u003eThe Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God\u003c/title\u003e by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald Tribune\u003c/title\u003e Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePainting of Family Tree by Cabell\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","Letters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).","Manuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.","Much of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.","In Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press","Taken from books in Cabell's library.","Includes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Materials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.","The majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026 Archives.","Most of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.","Twenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.","A 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette."," It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.","The first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century."," The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others."," The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them."," On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.","This is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings."," There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917."," There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.","Pages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as  Suppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.","Inscription on the first page reads:  Verses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.","Most of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.","Unbound material which was found in notebook two."," This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers."," In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled  Frail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals."," In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.","Contains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.","Contains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.","Includes information on Cabell family genealogy.","A bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026 Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973."," A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. ","A folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as  James Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality , 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.","Decorative book box labeled  Cabelliana . Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.","Contains the letters labeled  Apfelbaum-Cabell Letters , which include Cabell letters to the editor of  The Literary Review , 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026 Co., and an answer to it from McBride.","A 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from  The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints","23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.","A 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of  The Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God  by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the  New York Herald Tribune  Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.","Painting of Family Tree by Cabell","Miscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":493,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:42:34.784Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_96.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00065.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cabell, James Branch, collection","title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"text":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96","James Branch Cabell collection","Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.","Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.","The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","Letters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).","Manuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.","Much of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.","In Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press","Taken from books in Cabell's library.","Includes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Materials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.","The majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026 Archives.","Most of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.","Twenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.","A 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette."," It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.","The first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century."," The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others."," The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them."," On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.","This is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings."," There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917."," There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.","Pages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as  Suppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.","Inscription on the first page reads:  Verses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.","Most of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.","Unbound material which was found in notebook two."," This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers."," In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled  Frail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals."," In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.","Contains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.","Contains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.","Includes information on Cabell family genealogy.","A bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026 Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973."," A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. ","A folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as  James Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality , 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.","Decorative book box labeled  Cabelliana . Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.","Contains the letters labeled  Apfelbaum-Cabell Letters , which include Cabell letters to the editor of  The Literary Review , 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026 Co., and an answer to it from McBride.","A 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from  The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints","23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.","A 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of  The Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God  by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the  New York Herald Tribune  Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.","Painting of Family Tree by Cabell","Miscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creators_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Margaret Freeman Cabell in 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book, \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times\u003c/title\u003e as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald\u003c/title\u003e as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond News\u003c/title\u003e. During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eHarper's Monthly Magazine\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of \u003ctitle\u003eInternational\u003c/title\u003e. He published his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Eagle's Shadow\u003c/title\u003e, in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Evening Mail\u003c/title\u003e, H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e. The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e, a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Biography of the Life of Manuel\u003c/title\u003e; the last volume was published in 1930.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Spectator\u003c/title\u003e (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the controversy over \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of \u003ctitle\u003eLet Me Lie\u003c/title\u003e. It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaken from books in Cabell's library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eSuppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscription on the first page reads: \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eVerses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnbound material which was found in notebook two.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026amp; 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eFrail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information on Cabell family genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJames Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality\u003c/title\u003e, 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecorative book box labeled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCabelliana\u003c/title\u003e. Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains the letters labeled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eApfelbaum-Cabell Letters\u003c/title\u003e, which include Cabell letters to the editor of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Literary Review\u003c/title\u003e, 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026amp; Co., and an answer to it from McBride.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of \u003ctitle\u003eThe Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God\u003c/title\u003e by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald Tribune\u003c/title\u003e Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePainting of Family Tree by Cabell\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","Letters from the governors of six different states each thanking Cabell for autographing a copy of one of his books. Pinchot, Gov. Gifford (Pennsylvania); Pollard, Gov. John Garland (Va.); Ritchie, Gov. Albert C. (Maryland); Seligman, Gov. Arthur (New Mexico); Wilson, Gov. Stanley C. (Vermont).","Manuscripts of various Cabell writings, many heavily edited in Cabell's handwriting, are contained in these folders. Most of the material has Duke numbers written in pencil on it. Materials include story ideas, notes, early drafts, drawings, school work, essays, poems, and prefaces. Folders 72-76 are labeled with Duke numbers. See also Series IX.","Much of the material in this series was taken from the books in Cabell's library. It includes printed material, newspaper clippings, illustrations, and other ephemeral.","In Goudy Text celebrating the 35th anniversary of The Village Press","Taken from books in Cabell's library.","Includes Papers of the Cabell Society, correspondence between its founders, a collection of correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond, Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Materials concerning Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell, published in 1962.","The majority of these criticisms of Cabell and his work were copied from various periodicals (many from microfilm) for Jean Maurice Duke's James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide published in 1979. Others have been collected by Special Collections \u0026 Archives.","Most of the material contained in this series is located in twenty-two bound volumes containing magazines where many of Cabell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the original magazine contribution. There are also two boxes of non-bound journals.","Twenty-two blue bound volumes containing magazines where many of Bell's book reviews, essays, short stories and other fiction originally appeared before they were later revised into book form. Each blue bound volume is titled after a Bell book and contains the original magazine contribution.","A 51 sheet (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) bound volume of material about Cabell. Contains many newspaper and magazine articles by and about Cabell, most regarding his published fiction and book reviews at this time. They are pasted in the volume and many are identified and dated. Most of the dates are 1902-1905. It also contains a letter to Cabell from an editor at Smart Set, dated Sept. 30, 1902, suggesting Cabell write them a novelette."," It also has a 15 page (7 1/2 x 10 1/2) folder in which several newspaper advertisements of The Eagle's Shadow are pasted. All are dated 1904.","The first 35 sheets contain newspaper clippings of articles written by Cabell for the Richmond News during the first few years of the century."," The next 25 sheets are newspaper clippings about Cabell and his family, dated around 1910. These pages also include genealogical articles written by Cabell and others."," The remaining sheets contain letters to Cabell regarding genealogy dating form 1909 to 1919; obituaries and articles about John R. Branch, newspaper society columns; a New York Herald style pamphlet; a 1895 Navy Department letter to Cabell regarding a post for him in the Navel Academy; a 1906 letter from the U.S. State Department regarding an appointment for Cabell as Secretary of Legation in Athens, Greece or in South America and a 1906 letter from the White House regretting Cabell's decision not to accept the position in the State Department. There are also programs of plays performed in 1896 by the Virginia Comedians. Cabell was in five of them."," On the verso of p. 82 and recto of p. 83 is pasted a printed article entitled \"That Opera Bouffe Court Martial.\" It describes a court martial at the U.S. Naval Academy where midshipman James Robinson Branch, Jr. died after a boxing match with another student named Meriwether. Branch was the son of James R. Branch, James Branch Cabell's uncle.","This is a bound volume of 112 sheets (8 1/2 x 10 1/2) containing a large amount of many kinds of material concerning Cabell and his writings."," There are almost 100 letters to him. Many are from publishers to whom he had sent, or offered to send, a manuscript. In some of these the publishers offered to read his book. In others they gave their opinions of it and their decision on publishing. Most of these say that while they appreciated the quality of his work they cannot publish it, usually because they do not think it would be profitable. There are a few letters asking him to submit material to them. Many others are from individuals who have read something by or about him. Most of this material is dated from 1911-1917."," There are also more than 100 newspaper and magazine clippings about him, his family and his books. Some are advertisements, some are reviews. They come from all over the country and nearly all are dated and have the name of the source. It appears that a clipping service must have supplied many of them. There are also a few photographs of Cabell.","Pages 3-34 are missing. Cabell's notes including lists of stories written year by year, where published, amount paid him, books published, copies received, number sold, royalties, etc. Also, poems, genealogical materials on his family; wills of family members, notes on his books, including to whom submitted and results, other material on his writing, such as  Suppressed Foreword to the Cords of Vanity: rough draft.","Inscription on the first page reads:  Verses, etc., as written 1896-1898. Selected, revised, and copied in this book 1898-1899. James Branch Cabell.","Most of this material concerns The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). Includes genealogical notes, lists, etc. and correspondence concerning these families. Includes a little material on the Cabells.","Unbound material which was found in notebook two."," This has Cabell materials inserted in the covers of two typewriter paper covers."," In the first typewriter paper cover material includes two typewritten Cabell manuscripts of poems, \"The Ways of Women.\" There are some textual differences and some pencil changes (9 \u0026 7 pages). There is also a two-page typewritten manuscript of Cabell's reminiscences written when he was 77. Has a few pencil corrections and additions. A one page Cabell typewritten manuscript entitled  Frail Rymes, with Studrdy Morals."," In the second typewriter paper cover material includes two copies of a four page list of manuscripts, etc. of his writings. A 15 page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Composition book No. 341.\" An eight page typewritten manuscript entitled \"List of Horses in the collection.\" A four page typewritten manuscript entitled \"Unpublished Matter.\" and a one page typewritten list of some of his books, some including the color of binds, etc.","Contains photocopies Cabell manuscripts, both poetry and prose. Some are identified.","Contains information on the ancestry of Priscilla Bradley (Mrs. James Branch Cabell) including genealogical notes, abstracts from books and magazines, correspondence, etc. Some of the items are dated after the publication of the genealogy of her family, The Majors and Their Marriages (1915). One folder includes an essay written by Cabell when he was 77 years old, discussing his lack of literary recognition and awards.","Includes information on Cabell family genealogy.","A bound volume containing a 37 page check list of Cabell's books and other material held by ULS' Special Collections \u0026 Archives made by Daniel E. Jones in 1973."," A bibliography of the later writings of Cabell, 1932-1956, written by Cabell. ","A folder containing copies of nine Cabell letters to Desmond Tarrant, 1953-1959, and one letter to Tarrant from Margaret Freeman Cabell, 1964. They are concerned with Tarrant's proposed book on Cabell, later published as  James Branch Cabell: The Dream and the Reality , 1967. Also contains copies of two letters Cabell wrote to Guy Holt, 1917 and 1918.","Decorative book box labeled  Cabelliana . Materials in this box were transferred to Series III. A list of those items is with the box.","Contains the letters labeled  Apfelbaum-Cabell Letters , which include Cabell letters to the editor of  The Literary Review , 22 letters to Mourice Speiser, one letter from Herbert Speiser to Robert McBride \u0026 Co., and an answer to it from McBride.","A 14 page photocopied list of Cabell books taken from  The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints","23 pages of genealogical oversized photocopied notes on the Branch family. Material includes photocopies of family Bibles, lists of marriages and births with dates up until 1981.","A 24 x 9 inch poster of Cabell's review of  The Adventures of the Black Girl in her search for God  by Bernard Shaw. A book review reprinted from the  New York Herald Tribune  Books Section, Sunday, February 26, 1933.","Painting of Family Tree by Cabell","Miscellaneous Drawings and Advertisements"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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